Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (THUD) Appropriations for FY2023

December 9, 2022 – May 3, 2023 R47335

Transportation, Housing and Urban
May 3, 2023
Development, and Related Agencies (THUD)
Maggie McCarty
Appropriations for FY2023
Specialist in Housing Policy

The House and the Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related
David Randall Peterman
Agencies (THUD) Appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing annual
Analyst in Transportation
appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), the Department of Housing and
Policy
Urban Development (HUD), and certain related agencies.

President Biden’s FY2023 budget proposed increasing discretionary funding for THUD agencies

by 9.6% (+$7.8 billion) from FY2022 levels. The bulk of that increase was directed to HUD
(+$7.9 billion, +14.6%), primarily for increased funding for HUD rental assistance programs (+$6 billion). DOT would
receive a decrease of $105 million in discretionary funding, but an additional $1.6 billion (+2.1%) in mandatory funding.
On June 30, 2022, the House Appropriations Committee approved its version of a THUD appropriations bill (H.R. 8294;
H.Rept. 117-402). The bill included a larger increase in overall discretionary funding for THUD agencies than the President’s
budget request, with larger increases than requested for both HUD (+16.7%, +$9.0 billion) and DOT (+3.1%, +$833 million)
compared to FY2022. The text of several other appropriations bills were added to the THUD bill and the resulting
consolidated appropriations bill was passed by the House on July 20.
While the Senate never formally considered its own FY2023 THUD legislation, on July 28, 2022, the chair of the Senate
Appropriations Committee released a majority draft of the THUD bill and accompanying draft report language. According to
the chair, the purpose of this release was to advance negotiations toward enacting final full-year appropriations. That same
day, the chair of the THUD Subcommittee introduced S. 4670, the Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and
Related Agencies Appropriations Act of 2023, which appeared to be identical to the draft text released by the full committee
chair. This bill recommended a smaller increase in discretionary funding compared to FY2022 than was requested in the
President’s budget for HUD (+11%, +$5.9 billion) and a larger increase than requested for DOT (+7.7%, +$2.1 billion).
Following a series of continuing resolutions, final FY2023 appropriations were enacted in the FY2023 Consolidated
Appropriations Act (P.L. 117-328). Regular THUD funding was included as Division L; additionally, emergency-designated
supplemental appropriations were provided for several THUD accounts in Division N. In terms of regular appropriations
provided in Division L, THUD agencies overall were provided with $87.3 billion in discretionary funding, a 7.8% increase
over FY2022. Not accounting for emergency funding provided in Division N, DOT received $28.7 billion (+6.6% compared
to FY2022), HUD received $58.2 billion (+8.4% compared to FY2022), and the related agencies received $420 million
(+5.4% compared to FY2022). Division N provided $1 billion for DOT and $6.6 billion for HUD in supplemental funding
designated as for an “emergency requirement” and therefore not subject to discretionary spending limits.
Outside of the regular appropriations process, DOT received an additional $36.8 billion in funding for FY2023 as a result of
the supplemental funding provided in Division J, Title VIII of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58).
DOT received an additional amount in FY2022 and is scheduled to receive similar additional amounts through FY2026.

Congressional Research Service

THUD: FY2023 Appropriations

he House and the Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related
Agencies (THUD) Appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing annual
T appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), the Department of Housing
and Urban Development (HUD), and certain related agencies.
This report describes action on FY2023 annual appropriations for THUD, including detailed
tables for each major agency and a brief overview of selected issues.

FY2023 Budget Process
Appropriations for DOT, HUD, and the related agencies typically funded in the THUD bill
happen in the context of the broader annual congressional appropriations process. That process
generally begins with the submission of the President’s budget request, followed by adoption of
congressional spending limits (generally, in a budget resolution) that set the overall level of
spending for that fiscal year’s appropriations bills. From there, the subcommittees of the House
and Senate Committees on Appropriations generally begin action on each of the 12 appropriations
bills. While each bill reported out of the Appropriations Committee may receive floor
consideration individually, in recent years it has been more common for bills to be considered in
combination with one another in consolidated or omnibus appropriations acts.
The President’s budget request for the upcoming fiscal year is due to be submitted to Congress by
the first Monday in February. However, the FY2023 budget submission was delayed until March
28, 2022.1
The framework for budget enforcement under the congressional budget process currently
involves procedural elements, primarily associated with the budget resolution.2 The budget
resolution limits both total discretionary spending available to the appropriations committees
(commonly referred to as “302(a) allocations”) and spending under the jurisdiction of each
appropriations subcommittee (“302(b) suballocations”).
As of the cover date of this report, a FY2023 budget resolution has not been agreed to by the
House and the Senate. In the absence of a budget resolution, the House provided for budget
enforcement prior to initial floor consideration of the FY2023 appropriations measures by
adopting a deeming resolution, H.Res. 1151, on June 8, 2022.3 This resolution provided for
302(a) allocations to the House Appropriations Committee at a specified level, provided limits on
advance appropriations,4 and allowed adjustments to those allocations for “emergency
requirements” and other purposes. Pursuant to this resolution, the chair of the House Budget
Committee, Representative Yarmuth, published in the Congressional Record the House

1 The White House, “Statement by President Joe Biden on the FY2023 Budget,” press release, March 28, 2022,
https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/03/28/statement-by-president-joe-biden-on-the-
fy-2023-budget/.
2 In the recent past, budget enforcement had both statutory and procedural elements. The statutory elements included
limits on discretionary spending established by the Budget Control Act of 2011, as amended (BCA; P.L. 112-25).
However, those discretionary spending limits extended only through FY2021, meaning no statutory limits on
discretionary spending are in place for FY2023.
3 For a discussion of budget enforcement through methods such as H.Res. 467, see CRS Report R44296, Deeming
Resolutions: Budget Enforcement in the Absence of a Budget Resolution.
4 Advance appropriations become available for obligation one or more fiscal years after the budget year covered by the
appropriations act. The FY2023 THUD appropriations bill generally would contain advance appropriations for FY2024
for two HUD programs. For further information, see CRS Report R43482, Advance Appropriations, Forward Funding,
and Advance Funding: Concepts, Practice, and Budget Process Considerations.
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Appropriations Committee allocations on June 21, 2022.5 The House Appropriations Committee
reported initial 302(b) suballocations for all 12 subcommittees on June 24 (H.Rept. 117-398).6
The Senate has not taken similar action to establish Senate Appropriations Committee
allocations.7
Table 1 shows the suballocation to the THUD Subcommittees, compared to the applicable
FY2022 enacted level, the President’s FY2023 budget request and FY2023 enacted figures.
Table 1. FY2023 THUD 302(b) Suballocations in Context
(dollars in billions)
FY2022
President’s FY2023
House
Senate
FY2023

Enacted
Request
FY2023 302(b)
FY2023 302(b)
Enacted
THUD
81.038
88.811
90.888
NA
87.332
Totals
Source: FY2022 Enacted and President’s FY2023 Request figures taken from the Comparative
Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 117-402, pp. 503, 532. Final
FY2023 figures taken from P.L. 117-328 and the explanatory statement accompanying H.R. 2617,
as amended, as published in the Congressional Record on December 20, 2022, adjusted to
exclude emergency appropriations.
Note: Emergency appropriations are excluded to provide for comparability across figures.
FY2023 THUD Appropriations Process
President’s Budget
As noted earlier, the President’s FY2023 budget was submitted to Congress on March 28, 2022. It
included the following:
• $104.5 billion for DOT (+1.5% over FY2022), including $26.8 billion in
discretionary funding and $77.6 billion in mandatory funding;
• $61.6 billion for HUD, a $7.9 billion (+14.6%) increase in net funding over
FY2022; and
• $416 million for the related agencies, a 4.6% increase over FY2022.
House Action
On June 30, 2022, the House Appropriations Committee approved its FY2023 THUD
appropriations bill, H.R. 8294. This was preceded by THUD Subcommittee approval on June 23.
Subsequently, the text of H.R. 8294 was amended to include the text of five other appropriations
measures. The revised bill, retitled the FY2023 Consolidated Appropriations Act, was approved
by the House on July 20, 2022.

5 “Publication of Budgetary Material,” Congressional Record, daily edition, Vol. 168, No. 105 (June 21, 2022), pp.
H5731-H5732.
6 Suballocations are commonly adjusted through the appropriations cycle to account for changing priorities. As of the
cover date of this report, they were most recently amended on July 1, 2022, by H.Rept. 117-398.
7 For a discussion of budget enforcement through methods such as H.Res. 1151, see CRS Report R47175, Setting
Budgetary Levels: The House’s FY2023 Deeming Resolution.
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As passed by the House, the consolidated measure proposed the following:
• $105.4 billion for DOT (+$2.4 billion, +2.4% from FY2022), including $27.8
billion in discretionary funding and $77.6 billion in mandatory funding;
• $62.7 billion for HUD (+$9.0 billion, +16.7% from FY2022); and
• $436 million for the related agencies (+$38 million, +9.5% from FY2022).
Senate Action
On July 28, 2022, the chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee released a chairman’s
mark for each of the 12 appropriations bills, including draft committee reports. The same day, the
chairman of the THUD Subcommittee introduced S. 4670, which contained the text of the
chairman’s mark for THUD. It proposed the following:
• $106.6 billion for DOT (+$3.7 billion, +3.6% from FY2022), including $29.0
billion in discretionary funding and $77.6 billion in mandatory funding;
• $59.6 billion for HUD (+$5.9 billion, +11.0% from FY2022);
• $419 million for the related agencies, (+$21 million; +5.4% from FY2022); and
• $1.4 billion in emergency funding for disaster recovery via HUD’s Community
Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery (CDBG-DR) program.
Continuing Resolutions
Because full-year appropriations were not enacted before the start of the fiscal year, a series of
continuing resolutions were enacted to continue government operations.
On September 30, 2022, the President signed into law the FY2023 Continuing Appropriations and
Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act (P.L. 117-180). It continued funding for federal
programs and activities through the earlier of enactment of final FY2023 appropriations measures
on December 16, 2022. It contained several THUD-related anomalies, including:
• Section 153 extended through the end of FY2023 HUD’s Market-to-Market
program, which was slated to be repealed at the end of FY2022;
• Section 155 provided $2 billion in emergency disaster recovery funding via
HUD’s Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery (CDBG-DR)
program, to address unmet recovery needs in communities experiencing major
disasters in calendar years 2021 and 2022;
• Section 156 authorized HUD to transfer funding from the Project-Based Rental
Assistance account to the Rental Housing Assistance account to address a
funding shortfall related to the Section 236 Interest Reduction Payment program;
and
• Section 157 extended the availability of funds awarded by DOT under the
National Infrastructure Investment Grants program.
• The date of the CR was extended twice; through December 23rd by P.L. 117-229
and through December 30th by P.L. 117-264.
Final Action
• On December 29, 2022, the FY2023 Consolidated Appropriations Act was signed
into law (P.L. 117-328). Divisions A-L contained all 12 regular appropriations
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acts; THUD was funded in Division L. Other divisions of the bill contained
supplemental appropriations and other matters.8 Division N, the Disaster Relief
Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023, included funding designated as for
emergency requirements for both DOT and HUD accounts.
The law provided $87.3 billion in non-emergency discretionary funding in Division L for
THUD agencies (+7.8% over FY2022), including:
• $28.7 billion for DOT (+6.6% compared to FY2022),
• $58.2 billion for HUD (+8.4% compared to FY2022), and
• $420 million for related agencies (+5.4% compared to FY2022).
In addition, Division N provided $1 billion in supplemental funding designated as
emergency requirements for DOT and $6.6 billion designated as emergency requirements
for HUD. Of the supplemental funding provided to HUD, $3 billion was for disaster
relief and recovery via the Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery
(CDBG-DR) program and $3.6 billion was funding to support regular program operations
in the Housing Choice Voucher program and the project-based Section 8 rental assistance
program.

Table 2 tracks FY2023 THUD funding at the bill title level.
Table 2. THUD Appropriations by Bill Title, FY2022-FY2023
(dollars in millions)
FY2023
Chairman’s
FY2022
FY2023
FY2023
Mark
FY2023

Enacted
Request
House
(S. 4670)
Enacted
Title I: DOT
102,947
104,455
105,393
106,635
106,349
Discretionary
26,946
26,841
27,779
29,020
28,735
Mandatory
76,002
77,614
77,614
77,614
77,614
Title II: HUD
53,694
61,554
62,673
59,608a
58,178b
Title III: Related Agencies
398
416
436
419
420
Total Discretionary
81,038
88,811
90,888
89,048
87,332
Total Mandatory
76,002
77,614
77,614
77,614
77,614
Total
157,085
166,425
168,502
168,109
164,946
Additional Appropriations
44,536c
36,811d
36,811d
38,258e
46,451f
Source: FY2022 Enacted, FY2023 President’s Request and FY2023 House figures are taken
from the Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 117-
402, adjusted for floor amendments; FY2023 Senate Chairman’s Mark figures are taken from S.
4670 and the draft committee report released by the Chairman at
https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/THUDFY23RPT.pdf. Final FY2023
figures taken from P.L. 117-328 and the explanatory statement accompanying H.R. 2617, as
amended, as published in the Congressional Record on December 20, 2022.

8 For example, Title VI of Division AA contains statutory changes related to fire safety in federally-assisted housing.
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Notes: Totals may not add or exactly match source materials due to rounding. Totals include both discretionary
budget authority and contract authority (a type of mandatory budget authority provided to DOT that is not
included in the bil ’s discretionary budget authority figure). Amounts noted as “emergency” are excluded when
calculating total funds countable towards 302(b) allocation.
a. Excludes $1.447 bil ion in emergency spending, shown under “Additional Appropriations” later in this table.
b. Excludes $2 bil ion in emergency disaster CDBG-DR funding provided by P.L. 117-180 and $6.623 bil ion in
supplemental funding for HUD provided in Division N of P.L. 117-328 , shown under “Additional
Appropriations” later in this table.
c. Includes appropriations provided to DOT and HUD through the Disaster Relief Supplemental
Appropriations Act, 2022 (Division B, Title VII of P.L. 117-43) and Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-
58).
d. Reflects additional appropriations provided to DOT in Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58).
e. Includes $1.447 bil ion in emergency funding for HUD’s CDBG-DR program for disaster recovery grants
proposed by S. 4670 and $36.81 bil ion in additional appropriations provided to DOT in Division J, Title VIII
of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58).
f.
Includes $7.6 bil ion in supplemental appropriations designated as an emergency requirement provided by
Division N of P.L. 117-328; $2 bil ion in enacted funding from Section 155 of the FY2023 Continuing
Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act (P.L. 117-180) for CDBG-DR for unmet
needs arising from disasters declared in 2021 and 2022; $1 bil ion appropriated to HUD by Title III of the
Inflation Reduction Act (P.L. 117-169) for “Improving energy efficiency or water efficiency or climate
resilience of affordable housing”; and $36.811 bil ion in additional appropriations provided to DOT in
Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (of P.L. 117-58).
Department of Transportation
The majority of DOT’s annual funding is established by two periodic authorization acts, one for
surface transportation programs and one for aviation programs. Most of the funding for the
programs in those acts is drawn from the DOT Highway Trust Fund and the Aviation and Airways
Trust Fund, respectively. Highway Trust Fund revenues come largely from fuel taxes and
increasingly from transfers from the general fund of the Treasury. Aviation and Airways Trust
Fund revenues come largely from taxes on passenger tickets and aviation fuel and some general
fund money.
Administration Budget Request
The Administration’s FY2023 budget requested a 1.5% (+$1.5 billion) increase for DOT over the
amount it received through the regular FY2022 appropriations process. Within that request, the
notable variations in funding requested compared to regular FY2022 appropriations include the
following:
• National Infrastructure Investment program: a 94% (+$725 million) increase in
funding for the RAISE grant program;
• Federal Railroad Administration: an 86% (+$625 million) increase in funding for
state rail grant programs;
• Amtrak: a 29% (+$669 million) increase in funding for grants to Amtrak;
• Federal Transit Administration: a 27% (+$602 million) increase in funding for
capital investment grants (including New Starts and Small Starts projects); and
• Federal Highway Administration: a 2% (-$1.2 billion) decrease in funding.
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Congressional Action
The House Appropriations Committee recommended $105.4 billion for DOT for FY2023, a 2.4%
(+$2.4 billion) increase from the FY2022 enacted amount of $102.9 billion and 0.9% (+$938
million) over the President’s request ($104.5 billion), and the House-passed bill reflected this
recommendation. Every agency within the department, save the Maritime Administration, would
receive an increase compared to FY2022. The Senate Appropriations Committee chair’s draft
proposed a 3.6% (+$3.7 billion) increase over FY2022, which would have been 2.1% more than
the President’s request. The enacted bill provided $106.3 billion for DOT, +3.3% ($3.4 billion)
over FY2022 and +1.8% ($1.9 billion) over the President’s request. Details are provided in Table
3.
Table 3. Department of Transportation, FY2022-FY2023 Detailed Appropriations
(dollars in millions)
FY2023
Chairman’s
DOT
FY2022
FY2023
FY2023
Mark
FY2023
Selected Accounts
Enacted
Request
House
(S. 4670)
Enacted
Office of the Secretary (OST)
National infrastructure investment
775
1,500
775
1,090
800
(RAISE/BUILD/TIGER)
Cyber Security Initiatives
39
48
48
48
48
Payments to air carriers (Essential Air
350
369
355
369
355
Service)a
Thriving Communities Initiative
25
111
100
25
25
Electric Vehicle Fleet
—
16
11
16
—
All other accounts
258
295
293
301
295
Total, OST
1,447
2,339
1,582
1,844
1,523
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
Operations
11,414
11,934
11,870
11,901
11,915
Facilities & equipment
2,893
3,015
2,900
3,060
2,945
Research, engineering, and development
249
261
261
266
255
Grants-in-aid for airports (Airport
3,350
3,350
3,350
3,350
3,350
Improvement Program) (limitation on
obligations)
Airport Discretionary Grants
554
—
273
517
559
Total, FAA
18,460
18,559
18,653
19,094
19,024
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
Federal-Aid Highways (limitation on
58,212
59,504
59504
59,504
59,504
obligations + exempt contract authority)
Federal-Aid Highways: discretionary funding
2,445
—
1,755
3,160
3,418
Total, FHWA
60,657
59,504
61,259
62,664
62,921
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THUD: FY2023 Appropriations

FY2023
Chairman’s
DOT
FY2022
FY2023
FY2023
Mark
FY2023
Selected Accounts
Enacted
Request
House
(S. 4670)
Enacted
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA)
Motor carrier safety operations and
360
368
368
368
368
programs
Motor carrier safety grants to states
496
506
506
506
506
Total, FMCSA
856
874
874
874
874
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
Operations and research
393
470
427
407
407
Highway traffic safety grants to states
774
795
795
795
795
(limitation on obligations)
Total, NHTSA
1,167
1,265
1,222
1,202
1,202
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)
Safety and Operations
241
254
250
254
250
Railroad Research and Development
43
58
47
44
44
Federal-state Partnership for State of
100
555
555
200
100
Good Repair
Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and
625
500
630
535
560
Safety Improvements
Railroad Crossing Elimination Program
—
245
—
—
—
Restoration and Enhancement grants
—
50
—
—
—
Amtrak

Northeast Corridor grants
875
1,200
882
1,135
1,260
National Network
1,457
1,800
1,463
1,466
1,193
Subtotal, Amtrak grants
2,331
3,000
2,345
2,601
2,453
Rescission
-15
—
-2
—
-3
Total, FRA
3,325
4,662
3,826
3,634
3,404
Federal Transit Administration (FTA)
Formula Grants (mandatory)
13,355
13,634
13,634
13,634
13,634
Transit Infrastructure Grants
504
200
646
527
542
Transit Research
—
30
—
—
—
Technical Assistance and Training
8
8
8
8
8
Capital Investment Grants (New Starts)
2,248
2,850
3,012
2,511
2,635
Grants to Washington Metropolitan Area
150
150
150
150
150
Transit Authority
Rescission
-7
—
—
-7
—
Total, FTA
16,258
16,872
17,450
16,830
16,968
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FY2023
Chairman’s
DOT
FY2022
FY2023
FY2023
Mark
FY2023
Selected Accounts
Enacted
Request
House
(S. 4670)
Enacted
Saint Lawrence Seaway Development
38
39
42
38
39
Corporation
Maritime Administration (MARAD)
Maritime Security Program
318
318
318
318
318
Cable Security Fleet
10
—
10
10
10
Tanker Security Program
60
60
60
60
60
Operations and Training
172
192
192
245
213
State Maritime Academy Operations
233
78
78
121
121
Assistance to Small Shipyards
20
20
20
25
20
Ship Disposal
10
6
6
10
6
Maritime Guaranteed Loan Program
3
3
3
3
3
Port Infrastructure Development Program
234
230
300
234
212
Rescission
—
-67
—
—
-67
Total, MARAD
1,251
840
987
959
896
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA)
Subtotal
279
292
289
294
291
Emergency preparedness grants
28
47
28
28
28
(mandatory)
Offsetting user fees
-155
-159
-159
-165
-161
Total, PHMSA
307
339
317
322
319
Office of Inspector General
103
108
108
108
108
DOT Totals
Appropriation (discretionary funding)
27,163
26,908
27,821
29,087
28,972
Limitations on obligations (mandatory)
76,002
77,614
77,614
77,614
77,614
Subtotal—new funding
102,969
104,522
105,762
106,701
106,586
Rescissions
-218
-67
-42
-67
-237
Net new discretionary funding
26,946
26,841
27,779
29,020
28,735
Net new budget authority
102,947
104,455
105,393
106,635
106,349
Additional appropriations (emergency)b
44,536
36,811
36,811
36,811
36,811
Net new budget authority
147,483
141,266
142,204
143,446
143,160
(incl. additional appropriations from
P.L. 117-43 and P.L. 117-58)
Sources: FY2022 Enacted, FY2023 President’s Request, and FY2023 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 117-402, pp. 501-532, adjusted
for floor amendments; FY2023 Chairman’s Mark figures are taken from S. 4670 and the draft committee report
released by the chairman at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/THUDFY23RPT.pdf. Final
FY2023 figures taken from P.L. 117-328 and the explanatory statement accompanying H.R. 2617, as amended, as
published in the Congressional Record on December 20, 2022.
Notes: Totals may not add due to rounding and budgetary treatment of some figures.
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a. In addition to its appropriation, the Essential Air Service program receives funding from overflight fees; this
additional funding is not reflected in this table. For FY2022, those fees were expected to provide an
additional $116 mil ion to the program. Due to the pandemic’s effects on aviation, the Administration’s
FY2023 estimate for overflight fees is down to $81 mil ion; the House estimated a higher amount ($122
mil ion), which combined with the recommended appropriation would provide a total of $477 mil ion for
the program. The Senate draft bil recommended the Administration’s requested appropriation and
estimated fee amount, which combined would provide a total of $450 mil ion.
b. In FY2022, DOT received supplemental appropriations from the Disaster Relief Supplemental
Appropriations Act, FY2022 (Division B, P.L. 117-43) and in Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58).
Title VIII appropriated a total of $184.1 bil ion for DOT in FY2022, but divided that total into five equal
portions, to be made available to DOT annually over the period of FY2022-FY2026; $36.811 bil ion is the
amount available in FY2023.
Additional Funding for FY2023 Provided in the IIJA
DOT received $184.1 billion in additional appropriations for many DOT programs in Division J,
Title VIII of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58; commonly referred to
as the bipartisan infrastructure law or BIL). These funds were appropriated in FY2022, but were
divided into equal portions ($36.8 billion) that become available each year of the authorization
period (FY2022-FY2026) for DOT programs authorized in Divisions A-C of the IIJA. That $36.8
billion in annual supplemental funding equals slightly over one-third of the FY2023 funding
recommended for DOT in the THUD FY2023 appropriations bills. For some agencies within
DOT, this additional funding represents a relatively small addition to the FY2022 regular
appropriated amount (e.g., 16% (+$9.5 billion) for FHWA, 26% (+$4.3 billion) for FTA); for
other agencies, the additional funding is greater than the regular FY2022 appropriated amounts
(e.g., $5 billion on top of $3.9 billion for FAA infrastructure accounts, $13.2 billion on top of
$725 million for FRA state rail grants). Table 4 shows the distribution of the supplemental
funding available to DOT during FY2023.
Table 4. FY2023 Department of Transportation Funding Provided in the IIJA,
Outside the FY2023 THUD Appropriations Act
(dollars in millions)
DOT Accounts
FY2023
Office of the Secretary (OST)

National Infrastructure Investments
$2,500.0
Safe Streets and Roads for All grants
1,000.0
National Culvert Removal, Replacement, and Restoration grants
200.0
Strengthening Mobility and Revolutionizing Transportation Grant Program
100.0
Total OST
3,800.0
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)

Facilities and Equipment
1,000.0
Airport Infrastructure Grants
3,000.0
Airport Terminal Program
1,000.0
Total FAA
5,000.0
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)

Highway Infrastructure Program
9,454.4
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DOT Accounts
FY2023
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA)
Motor Carrier Safety Operations and Program
10.0
Motor Carrier Safety Grants
124.5
Total FMCSA
134.5
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
Crash Data
150.0
Vehicle Safety and Behavioral Research Programs
109.7
Supplemental Highway Traffic Safety Programs
62.0
Total, NHTSA
321.7
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)

Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and Safety Improvements
1,000.0
Northeast Corridor Grants to Amtrak
1,200.0
National Network Grants to Amtrak
3,200.0
Railroad Crossing Elimination Program
600.0
Federal-State Partnership for Intercity Passenger Rail Grants
7,200.0
Total FRA
13,200.0
Federal Transit Administration (FTA)

Transit Infrastructure Grants
2,050.0
Capital Investment Grants
1,600.0
All Stations Accessibility Program
350.0
Electric or Low-Emitting Ferry Program
50.0
Ferry Service for Rural Communities
200.0
Total FTA
4,250.0
Maritime Administration (MARAD)

Port Infrastructure Development Program
450.0
Total MARAD
450.0
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA)
Natural Gas Distribution Infrastructure Safety and Modernization Grant Program
200.0
Total Other Appropriations
$36,810.6
Source: H.Rept. 117-402 accompanying H.R. 8294, “Other Appropriations,” pp. 521-532.
Note: These funds were provided in Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58).
Department of Housing and Urban Development
Overview
HUD is the nation’s housing agency. The programs and activities it administers are designed
primarily to address housing problems faced by households with very low incomes or other
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THUD: FY2023 Appropriations

special housing needs and to expand access to homeownership.9 The largest share of HUD’s
budget is devoted to its rental assistance programs: Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers; project-
based rental assistance via Section 8, Section 202 and Section 811; and public housing. These
programs, which serve nearly 4.6 million households, provide subsidies to allow low-income
recipients to pay below-market, income-based rent.
Two flexible block grant programs—the HOME Investment Partnerships grant program and the
Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program—help states and local governments
finance a variety of housing and community development activities designed to serve low-income
families. Indian tribes receive their own direct housing grants through the Indian Housing Block
Grant program (also called the Native American Housing Block Grant program).
Other more specialized grant programs help communities meet the needs of homeless persons
(through the Homeless Assistance Grants, namely the Continuum of Care and Emergency
Solutions Grants programs), including those living with HIV/AIDS (through the Housing
Opportunities for Persons with AIDS program). Additional programs fund fair housing
enforcement activities and healthy homes activities, including lead-based paint hazard
identification and remediation.
HUD’s Federal Housing Administration (FHA) insures mortgages made by lenders to
homebuyers with low down payments and to developers of multifamily rental buildings
containing relatively affordable units. FHA collects fees from borrowers with FHA-insured
mortgages, which are used to sustain its insurance funds.
Agency Funding
Nearly all of HUD’s funding is provided via discretionary appropriations generally contained in
the annual Transportation, HUD, and Related Agencies appropriations legislation. (HUD
programs may also receive additional resources from supplemental or other funding measures in
some years, most often in response to disasters.) The annual THUD bill provides budget authority
via appropriations for HUD programs and activities for a fiscal year. The “cost” of that budget
authority, as determined by the Congressional Budget Office’s scorekeeping process, is generally
reduced by offsetting receipts from the FHA’s loan programs and the Government National
Mortgage Association (GNMA) securitization of government loans. To a lesser extent, other
collections and rescissions of prior-year appropriations can also effectively offset the cost of the
HUD budget. Deducting the savings from offsets and rescissions from the gross budget authority
provided to HUD results in the net budget authority total used for budget enforcement purposes.
FY2023 HUD Appropriations
Table 5. Department of Housing and Urban Development,
FY2022-FY2023 Detailed Appropriations
(dollars in millions)
FY2023
Chairman’s
FY2022
FY2023
FY2023
Mark
FY2023
HUD Accounts
Enacted
Request
House
(S. 4670)
Enacted
Appropriations

9 For more information about federal housing assistance programs, see CRS Report RL34591, Overview of Federal
Housing Assistance Programs and Policy.
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FY2023
Chairman’s
FY2022
FY2023
FY2023
Mark
FY2023
HUD Accounts
Enacted
Request
House
(S. 4670)
Enacted
Salaries and Expenses (Mgmt. & Adm.)
1,588
1,796
1,800
1,767
1,732
Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8
27,370
32,130
31,043
30,182
27,600b
Housing Choice Vouchers)a
Voucher Renewals (non-add)
24,095
26,234
26,184
26,184
23,748b
Administrative Fees (non-add)
2,410
3,014
2,756
2,802
2,778
Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing (VASH)
50
0
50
85c
50
incremental vouchers (non-add)
Family Unification Program (FUP) incremental
30
0
30
30
30
vouchers
Other Incremental Vouchers (non-add)
200 1,550 1,100
50
50
Mobility services (non-add)
25
445
25
0
0
Public Housing Fund
8,452
8,780
8,734
8,469
8,514
Operating Grants (non-add)
5,038
5,035
5,039
5,039
5,109
Capital Grants (non-add)
3,200
3,200
3,400
3,225
3,200
Climate Resiliency/Utility Consumption
0
276
75
0
0
Reduction Grants (non-add)
Choice Neighborhoods
350
250
450
250
350
Self Sufficiency Programs
159
175
175
200
175
Native American Programs
1,002
1,000
1,000
1,052
1,020
Native American Block Grants (Formula)
772
772
772
819
787
(non-add)
Native American Block Grants (Competitive)
150
150
150
150
150
(non-add)
Indian Community Development Block Grants
72
70
70
75
75
(non-add)
Indian housing loan guarantee
4
6
6
6
6
Native Hawaiian block grant
22
10
10
22
22
Housing, persons with AIDS (HOPWA)
450
455
600
468
499
Community Development Fund
4,841
3,770
5,299
4,818
6,397
CDBG Formula Grants
3,300
3,550
3,300
3,525
3,300
SUPPORT for Patients and Communities
25
25
25
25
30
Grants to Reduce Barriers to Affordable
—
—
—
—
85
Housing
Economic Development Initiativesd
1,516
—
1,974
1,068
2,982
Competitive Economic Development
—
—
60e
—
—
Grants
HOME Investment Partnerships
1,500
1,950
1,675
1,725
1,500
Preservation and Reinvestment Initiative
—
—
500
0
225
for Community Enhancementf
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FY2023
Chairman’s
FY2022
FY2023
FY2023
Mark
FY2023
HUD Accounts
Enacted
Request
House
(S. 4670)
Enacted
Self-Help Homeownership
63
60
65g
70
63
Self-Help and Assisted Homeownership
13
10
13
17
14
Opportunity Program
Section 4 Capacity Building
41
41
47g
43
42
Rural Capacity Building
5
5
5
6
6
Veterans Home Rehabilitation and
4
4
0
4
1
Modification Pilot Program
Homeless Assistance Grants
3,213
3,576
3,604
3,545h
3,633h
Project-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8)a
13,940
15,000
14,940
14,687
13,938i
Contract Renewals
13,585
14,065
14,565
14,312
13,595i
Contract Administrators
355
375
375
375
343
Service coordinators for the elderly
0
31
0
0
0
Housing for the Elderly (Section 202)
1,033
966
1,200
1,033
1,075
Housing for Persons with Disabilities
352
288
400
288
360
(Section 811)
Housing Counseling Assistance
58
66
70
63
58
Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fundj
14
14
14
14
14
Green Retrofit for Multifamily
0
250
0
0
0
Federal Housing Administration (FHA)
150
165
150
150
150
Expensesj
Government National Mortgage Assn.
35
42
35
43
41
(GNMA) Expensesj
Research and technology
145
145
180k
115
145
Fair housing activities
85
86
86
85
86
Fair Housing Assistance Program (non-add)
25
26
26
26
26
Fair Housing Initiatives Program (non-add)
56
56
56
55
56
Lead Hazard Reduction
415
400
415
390
410
Information Technology Fund
323
382
380g
384
375
Inspector General
140
149
140
140
146
Gross Appropriations Subtotall
65,702
71,911
73,029
69,964
68,533

Offsetting Collections and Receipts

Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fund
-14
-14
-14
-14
-14
FHA
-9,596
-8,236
-8,236
-8,236
-8,236
GNMA
-2,363
-2,107
-2,106
-2,106
-2,106
Offsets Subtotal
-11,973
-10,357
-10,356
-10,356
-10,356

Rescissions

Native Hawaiian block grant rescission
-6
0
0
0
0
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FY2023
Chairman’s
FY2022
FY2023
FY2023
Mark
FY2023
HUD Accounts
Enacted
Request
House
(S. 4670)
Enacted
Executive and Administrative Support
-29
0
0
0
0
Offices rescission
Rescissions Subtotal
-35
0
0
0
0
Total Net Discretionary Budget
53,694
61,554 62,673
59,608
58,178
Authority
Emergency Fundingm
5,000n
0
0
1,447o
8,623p
Total w/Emergency Funding
58,694
61,554
62,673
61,055
66,801
Source: FY2022 Enacted, FY2023 President’s Request and FY2023 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 117-402, p. 532, adjusted for
floor amendments, as well as congressional budget justifications; FY2023 Chairman’s Mark figures are taken from
S. 4670 and the draft committee report released by the chairman at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/imo/
media/doc/THUDFY23RPT.pdf. Final FY2023 figures taken from P.L. 117-328 and the explanatory statement
accompanying H.R. 2617, as amended, as published in the Congressional Record on December 20, 2022.
Notes: Totals may not add or exactly match source materials due to rounding.
a. This account receives advance appropriations provided in the prior fiscal year and also includes
appropriations that become available in the subsequent fiscal year.
b. Total does not include $2.654 bil ion in additional funding provided by Division N and designated as an
emergency requirement.
c. Up to $10 mil ion of the $85 mil ion proposed for HUD-VASH in S. 4670 would be for administrative
expenses, including amounts to facilitate leasing through payment of security deposits and landlord retention
payments.
d. All funding contained in this set-aside is earmarked for congressionally requested projects.
e. Competitive grant funds provided under the Community Development Loan Guarantees Program Account,
with authority from Section 108(q) of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, as amended
(42 U.S.C. §5308).
f.
The House bil included funding for a new Preservation and Reinvestment Initiative for Community
Enhancement that would provide competitive funding for a range of activities in support of manufactured
housing and manufactured home communities. P.L. 117-328 included funding for this new initiative, but less
than was proposed in the House bil . For additional detail, see the “New Assistance for Manufactured
Housing” section of this report.
g. Amount adjusted for floor amendment.
h. The Senate chairman’s mark proposed a set-aside of $100 mil ion in Continuum of Care program funds for
the new construction, acquisition, or rehabilitation of permanent supportive housing. P.L. 117-328 included
$75 mil ion to be used as one-time awards for this purpose.
i.
Total does not include $969 mil ion in additional funding provided by Division N and designated as an
emergency requirement.
j.
Some or all of the cost of funding these accounts is offset by the col ection of fees or other receipts. Those
offsets are shown later in this table.
k. The proposal for Research and Technology in H.R. 8294 includes $20 mil ion for grants to provide legal
assistance for people facing eviction.
l.
Total includes advance appropriations.
m. Amounts presented here reflect discretionary funding designated as an emergency requirement, and thus
are excluded from totals for budget enforcement purposes. Amounts presented here do not include one-
time mandatory funding provided by the American Rescue Plan Act (P.L. 117-2) or the Inflation Reduction
Act (P.L. 117-169). HUD received $10.77 bil ion from ARPA and $1 bil ion from the IRA, both in FY2022.
n. Division B of the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act (P.L. 117-43)
provided $5 bil ion in emergency supplemental FY2022 funding for HUD’s Community Development Block
Grant disaster recovery grants.
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o. $1.4 bil ion would be provided for HUD’s CDBG-DR program for disaster recovery grants.
p. Includes $6.623 bil ion provided by Division N of P.L. 117-328 ($2.654 bil ion for Tenant Based Rental
Assistance; $969 mil ion for Project Based Rental Assistance; and $3 bil ion for CDBG-DR); and $2 bil ion
provided by Section 155 of the FY2023 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental
Appropriations Act (P.L. 117-180) appropriated these funds to CDBG-DR for unmet needs arising from
disasters declared in 2021 and 2022.
Selected FY2023 HUD Appropriations Topics
Rental Assistance Funding
Through various programs utilizing different mechanisms, the federal government subsidizes the
rents of nearly 4.6 million low-income households, allowing them to pay affordable, below-
market rents, generally set at 30% of a family’s income. The vast majority of HUD funding each
year is devoted to maintaining these rental assistance programs, which include (from largest to
smallest in terms of households [HHs] served in FY2020)
• Housing Choice Vouchers (2.3 million HHs);
• Section 8 project-based rental assistance (1.2 million HHs);
• public housing (880,000 HHs);
• Section 202 Housing for the Elderly (124,000 HHs); and
• Section 811 Housing for Persons with Disabilities (32,000 HHs).10
Funding for these rental assistance programs accounts for roughly 80% of HUD’s total (gross)
appropriations, most of which is used to maintain assistance for currently assisted families.
It is estimated that roughly one in four eligible households receives rental assistance,11 leading to
waiting lists for assistance in most communities. For many years, expansions of these programs to
serve new families were limited. For example, most new Housing Choice Vouchers (referred to as
incremental vouchers) that were funded in annual appropriations acts were only for homeless
veterans, via the Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing (VASH) program, and for child welfare-
involved families and former foster youth, via the Family Unification Program (FUP). This
changed in FY2021, when Congress funded the first expansion in general purpose vouchers in
nearly 20 years; and in FY2022, when Congress funded an even larger expansion.
New Housing Choice Vouchers
The President’s FY2023 budget request included $1.55 billion in the tenant-based rental
assistance account for new incremental Housing Choice Vouchers. Budget documents stated this
would allow the program to serve an additional 200,000 families, the largest one-year increase in
new vouchers since the program was created. All of these new vouchers would be general
purpose vouchers, rather than being provided through VASH or FUP. This would be an increase
over the $200 million that was provided for new incremental vouchers in FY2022.
The House-passed bill included $1.1 billion for general purpose new incremental vouchers, which
the committee estimated would be sufficient to serve an additional 140,000 households. The bill

10 HUD FY2022 Congressional Budget Justifications, Overview of Rental Assistance Programs, p. 2-1,
https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/5_2022CJ-OverviewofRentalAssistancePrograms.pdf.
11 HUD, Worst Case Housing Needs: Report to Congress, 2021, pg. 8-9, https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/
files/pdf/Worst-Case-Housing-Needs-2021.pdf.
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would also have provided another $50 million for homeless veterans through VASH and $30
million for families and youth involved in the child welfare system through FUP.
The Senate chairman’s mark also included funding for new incremental vouchers, but less than
was requested by the President, passed in the House, or funded the previous year. Specifically, it
proposed $50 million for new general purpose incremental vouchers, plus $85 million for VASH
and $30 million for FUP.
The final FY2023 appropriations law included $50 million for new general purpose incremental
vouchers, $50 million for new VASH vouchers, and $30 million for new FUP vouchers.
Supplemental Funding for Rental Assistance Renewals
Among the largest expenses in HUD’s budget is the cost of renewing rental assistance for the
more than 3 million families who are served by the project-based rental assistance and Housing
Choice Voucher program. The final FY2023 appropriations law, P.L. 117-328, funded FY2023
renewal costs for these two programs using a combination of regular appropriations (provided in
Division L), and supplemental emergency-designated renewal funding (provided in Division N).
As shown in Table 6, nearly 9% of the total funding for rental assistance renewal costs for these
two programs was provided as emergency designated spending and therefore not subject to
regular discretionary spending limits, including the THUD subcommittee’s 302(b) allocations, in
FY2023.
Table 6. Emergency Supplemental Share of FY2023 Rental Assistance Renewal
Funding
Dollars in billions
FY2023
FY2023
FY2023
Enacted
Emergency
FY2022
Enacted
Supplemental
FY2023
Supplemental
Renewal Funding
Total $
Regular $
Emergency $
Total $
Share
Tenant Based Rental
24.10
23.75
2.65 26.40
10.1%
Assistance
Project Based Rental
Assistance
13.59
13.60
0.97 14.56
6.7%
Total
37.68
37.34
3.62 40.97
8.8%
Source: Table prepared by CRS based on P.L. 117-328
CDBG, EDI, and Section 108
The President’s budget requested $3.77 billion for the Community Development Fund (CDF)
account, with $3.55 billion in CDBG funds for entitlement communities, states, and insular areas.
The House-passed bill proposed $5.29 billion in CDF funds, with $3.30 billion in CDBG funds
and $1.97 billion in congressionally directed spending under the Economic Development
Initiative (EDI). The House-passed bill also proposed $60 million in competitive economic
development grants under the Community Development Loan Guarantees Program account, of
which $50 million would be specifically for shopping mall redevelopment projects.12 The Senate

12 The Community Development Loan Guarantees Program account typically sets the maximum loan commitments
under the HUD Section 108 Loan Guarantee program. Section 108(q) of the Housing and Community Development
(continued...)
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chairman’s mark proposed $4.81 billion for the CDF account, with $3.52 billion in CDBG funds
and $1.06 billion in EDI funding. The final FY2023 appropriations law included $6.40 billion for
the CDF account, which included $3.3 billion for CDBG, $85 million for a new “Yes In My
Backyard” competitive grant program to reduce barriers to affordable housing, and $2.98 billion
for congressionally directed spending via EDIs.
HOME Down Payment Assistance Set-Aside Proposal
The HOME Investment Partnerships Program (HOME) provides formula funding to states, local
governments, and insular areas that can be used for a range of eligible affordable housing
activities that benefit low-income households. The President’s budget requested up to $100
million in HOME funding for a new initiative titled FirstHOME Downpayment Assistance that
would provide funds to states and insular areas for assistance to homebuyers. (While homebuyer
assistance is currently one of several eligible use of HOME funds, FirstHOME would be a set-
aside of HOME funds to be used specifically for homebuyer assistance.13) The House-passed bill
proposed up to $50 million for FirstHOME down payment assistance. The appropriations
language requested by HUD and included in the House-passed bill would have provided HUD
with broad discretion in how to implement the program, although both the HUD budget
justifications and the House committee report indicated that the funding would be intended to
support first-time, first-generation homebuyers.14 The Senate chairman’s mark did not include
funding for FirstHOME down payment assistance and it was not ultimately funded in the final
FY2023 appropriations law.
New Assistance for Manufactured Housing
The House committee report included language discussing the importance of manufactured
housing as a source of affordable housing and certain challenges faced by residents of
manufactured homes or manufactured home communities.15 In response to some of these
challenges, the House-passed bill proposed $500 million to support manufactured housing
through a new Preservation and Reinvestment Initiative for Community Enhancement. While no
such funding was included in the Senate chairman’s mark, the final FY2023 appropriations law
included $225 million for the new initiative.

Act of 1974, as amended, also authorizes the provision of grants related to Section 108 loan funded projects (42 U.S.C.
§5308). In the past, Congress has used this authority to fund competitive grants under the EDI and the Brownfields
Economic Development Initiative.
13 For several years in the 2000s, Congress provided a set-aside of HOME funding to be used for down payment
assistance and certain other homebuyer assistance through the American Dream Downpayment Initiative (ADDI). For
more information on ADDI, see Appendix A of CRS Report R40118, An Overview of the HOME Investment
Partnerships Program.
14 See HUD’s FY2023 Congressional Budget Justifications, p. 18-2, https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/
2023_CJ_Program_-_HOME_updated.pdf, stating that the initiative would aim “to support sustainable homeownership
among first-generation, first-time homebuyers,” and H.Rept. 117-402, pp. 144-145, stating that “the Committee
includes up to $50,000,000 for down payment assistance to support sustainable homeownership among first-generation,
first-time homebuyers.”
15 See H.Rept. 117-402, pp. 114-115. In addition to the funding that the House-passed bill would provide for the
Preservation and Reinvestment Initiative for Community Enhancement, the House committee report otherwise
addresses manufactured housing in various ways. These include directing HUD to conduct a review of its programs that
can be used for activities related to manufactured housing and directing that $2.5 million in technical assistance funding
provided in the Policy Development and Research account be used in support of manufactured housing (see page 161
of the committee report).
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The funding is for competitive grants to support the preservation and revitalization of
manufactured housing and eligible manufactured home communities. Eligible grantees include
states, local governments, resident-owned manufactured housing communities, cooperatives,
nonprofits, community development financial institutions (CDFIs), Indian tribes or their tribally
designated housing entities (TDHEs), or other entities approved by the Secretary of HUD. Grant
funds may be used for a range of eligible activities, including infrastructure, planning, resident
and community services, resiliency activities, and other assistance, such as land and site
acquisition. The House-passed bill would have designated $50 million of the total for a pilot
program to help redevelop manufactured home communities as affordable replacement housing;
the final FY2023 appropriations law designated $25 million of the total for this purpose.
Legislative Proposals in the Senate Chairman’s Mark
The Senate chairman’s mark also included the text of two standalone bills related to housing.
CDBG-DR Authorization
Title V of the Senate chairman’s mark includes the text of S. 2471, the Reforming Disaster
Recovery Act. It proposed to establish an Office of Disaster Management and Resiliency within
HUD, to oversee disaster preparedness and response in the department, and manage inter- and
intra-agency coordination. The act would further have permanently authorized CDBG-DR as a
standing program under which HUD could establish a standardized regulatory structure.16 It
would also have established a Long-Term Disaster Recovery Fund to provide for CDBG-DR
grant assistance and program administration. This legislation was not included in the final
FY2023 appropriations law.
NAHASDA Reauthorization
Title VI of the Senate chairman’s mark included the text of S. 2264, the Native American Housing
Assistance and Self-Determination Reauthorization Act of 2021. It proposed to reauthorize
certain programs authorized under the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-
Determination Act (NAHASDA); namely, the Indian Housing Block Grant and Native Hawaiian
Housing Block Grant, as well as the Section 184 Indian Housing Loan Guarantee and Section
184A Native Hawaiian Loan Guarantee programs. In addition, it would have made certain
changes to NAHASDA programs and include other provisions related to housing assistance for
tribes. This legislation was not included in the final FY2023 appropriations law.
THUD Related Agencies
As shown in Table 7, most of the related agencies funded in the THUD bill would have received
level or increased funding relative to the prior year under the President’s FY2023 budget request.
The largest dollar increases were proposed for the National Transportation Safety Board (+$8
million, +7%) and the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation/NeighborWorks America (+$4
million, +2%). The House-passed legislation proposed increases above the President’s request for
several agencies, including $15 million more for NeighborWorks relative to the President’s
budget. The Senate chairman’s mark largely matched the President’s request, although it included
more for the Federal Maritime Commission (+$3 million compared to the President’s request) and
less for the Interagency Council on Homelessness (matching the FY2022 enacted level).

16 The President’s FY2023 budget also supported the authorization of CDBG-DR.
Congressional Research Service
18

THUD: FY2023 Appropriations

Table 7. THUD Related Agencies, FY2022-FY2023 Detailed Appropriations
(dollars in millions)
FY2023
Chairman’s
FY2022
FY2023
FY2023
Mark
FY2023
Related Agency
Enacted
Request
House
(S. 4670)
Enacted
Access Board
10
10
10
10
10
Federal Maritime Commission
33
35
38
38
38
National Railroad Passenger
Corporation (Amtrak) Office
26
28
28
28
28
of Inspector General
National Transportation
Safety Board
121
129
129
129
129
Neighborhood Reinvestment
Corporation
166
170
185
170
170
(NeighborWorks)
Surface Transportation Board
39
41
42
41
41
Offsetting Col ections
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
U.S. Interagency Council on
Homelessness
4
5
5
4
4
Total
398
416
436
419
420
Source: FY2022 Enacted, FY2023 President’s Request and FY2023 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 117-402, p. 532, adjusted for
floor amendments, as well as congressional budget justifications; FY2023 Chairman’s Mark figures are taken from
S. 4670 and the draft committee report released by the chairman at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/imo/
media/doc/THUDFY23RPT.pdf. Final FY2023 figures taken from P.L. 117-328 and the explanatory statement
accompanying H.R. 2617, as amended, as published in the Congressional Record on December 20, 2022.
Notes: Totals may not add or exactly match source materials due to rounding.
NeighborWorks Funding for Shared Equity Housing
Since FY2019, appropriations for NeighborWorks have included between $1 million and $3
million to support shared equity housing models.17 While specifics vary, shared equity housing
generally involves limits on the future sales price of homes or other resale restrictions to preserve
long-term affordability. Examples of shared equity housing models include community land
trusts, limited equity cooperatives, and deed-restricted housing. Of the $170 million provided to
NeighborWorks in the FY2023 appropriations law, $4 million is for shared equity housing. Of
this amount, Congress directed that $1 million be used for technical assistance and $3 million be
used for capital grants for NeighborWorks affiliates to acquire homes for their shared equity
portfolios.18

17 Congress appropriated $2 million for this purpose in FY2019, $1 million in FY2020, $2 million in FY2021, and $3
million in FY2022. NeighborWorks has released a report describing its use of the funding provided in FY2019 and
FY2020; see NeighborWorks America, Advancing the Promise of Shared Equity Housing Models,
https://www.neighborworks.org/getattachment/5d3b345d-2853-4eff-b6b2-8f3c36427bef/attachment.aspx.
18 See page S9345 of the explanatory statement accompanying H.R. 2617, as amended, as published in the
Congressional Record on December 20, 2022.
Congressional Research Service
19

THUD: FY2023 Appropriations

Author Information

Maggie McCarty
David Randall Peterman
Specialist in Housing Policy
Analyst in Transportation Policy

Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and
under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other
than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in
connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not
subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in
its entirety without permission from CRS. However, as a CRS Report may include copyrighted images or
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