Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (THUD) Appropriations for FY2024

September 12, 2023 – June 26, 2024 R47687

Transportation, Housing and Urban
June 26, 2024
Development, and Related Agencies (THUD)
Maggie McCarty,
Appropriations for FY2024
Coordinator
Specialist in Housing Policy
The House and the Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related

Agencies (THUD) Appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing annual
Jennifer J. Marshall
appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), the Department of Housing and
Analyst in Transportation
Urban Development (HUD), and certain related agencies. This report tracks the progress of the
Policy
FY2024 THUD appropriations legislation.

The FY2024 appropriations process began with the release of the President’s Budget request to

Congress on March 9, 2023. For the agencies that comprise the THUD budget, it proposed the
following:
• $27.9 billion in discretionary funding for DOT, which is 3.1% less than enacted for FY2023. The budget
also included $79.4 billion in mandatory funding, for an overall DOT total of $107.3 billion (+0.8%
compared to FY2023). (DOT will also receive an additional $36.8 billion outside the FY2024 appropriation
process from Division J of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act [IIJA].)
• $70.6 billion in net budget authority—which accounts for savings from offsetting receipts and collections,
which is 21% more than the comparable FY2023 non-emergency total and 14% more when accounting for
the emergency funding for regular program activities. In terms of gross appropriations (not accounting for
offsets or rescissions), there is $73.3 billion in gross new appropriations for HUD, which is 7.0% more than
enacted for FY2023. However, the FY2023 appropriations law also included $3.6 billion in emergency
funding to support regular HUD program activities. When accounting for those funds, the FY2024 request
is 1.6% more than FY2023.
• $453 million for the THUD related agencies, 7.9% more than FY2023.
As a part of the negotiations over a debt limit increase, Congress adopted discretionary spending caps intended to reduce
overall spending relative to FY2023 via the Fiscal Responsibility Act (P.L. 118-5). No budget resolution was adopted in
FY2024, but that debt limit agreement served to structure the FY2024 process. The THUD subcommittee’s initial spending
allocations for FY2024 (or 302(b) allocations) were set 25.3% below FY2023 in the House and 0.9% above FY2023 in the
Senate (excluding emergency funding).
On July 24, the House Appropriations Committee reported its FY2024 THUD appropriations bill, following subcommittee
markup on July 12. H.R. 4820, as reported, proposed $144.6 billion in total funding—$65.2 billion in discretionary
funding—for THUD in FY2024, including the following:
• $21.6 billion in discretionary funding for DOT, which is 24.9% less than FY2023. H.R. 4820 also included
$79.3 billion in mandatory funding, for an overall DOT total of $100.9 billion (-5.1% compared to
FY2023).
• $68.2 billion in net budget authority for HUD, which is an increase of 17.3% above the comparable
FY2023 non-emergency total and a 10.4% increase when accounting for emergency funding for regular
program operations. Excluding savings from offsets and rescissions, H.R. 4820 proposed $71.5 billion in
gross appropriations to fund HUD’s programs and activities; that is an increase of 4.3% above the FY2023
non-emergency total and a 0.9% decrease when accounting for emergency funding provided in FY2023 for
regular program operations.
• $452 million for the THUD related agencies, 7.8% more than FY2023.
• A rescission of $25.0 billion in funding from the Department of the Treasury’s Internal Revenue Service
(IRS).
Floor consideration of H.R. 4820 began on November 6, following Rules Committee action on November 2; proceedings
were suspended without resolution on November 7.
Congressional Research Service

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

On July 20, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported its FY2024 THUD appropriations bill, S. 2437. The text of that
bill was incorporated into a three-bill package (H.R. 4366) and passed by the full Senate on November 1, 2023. It proposed
$167.5 billion in total regular funding—including $88.1 billion in regular discretionary budget authority—as well as $10.8
billion in emergency funding for THUD in FY2024. It included the following:
• $28.0 billion in non-emergency net discretionary funding for DOT, which is 2.7% less than FY2023, but
30% more than H.R. 4820. Including mandatory funding, the overall proposed DOT total was $107.4
billion (1.0% more than FY2023 and 6.4% more than H.R. 4820). Additionally, the Senate bill proposed
$469 million in emergency discretionary funding for regular program operations at the FAA.
• $59.7 billion in net budget authority for HUD, which is 2.6% more than FY2023 and 12.4% less than H.R.
4820. Excluding savings from offsets and rescissions, S. 2437 proposed $62.7 billion in gross regular (non-
emergency) appropriations for HUD, a decrease of 8.6% relative to FY2023 and a decrease of 12.4%
relative to H.R. 4820. As in FY2023, S. 2437 proposed additional emergency-designated funding ($10.4
billion) to support HUD’s regular program activities. When accounting for these emergency funds, S. 2437
included $73.0 billion in gross appropriations for HUD in FY2024, which is 1.2% more than FY2023 and
2.1% more than H.R. 4820.
• $438 million for the THUD related agencies (4.3% more than FY2023; 3.2% less than H.R. 4820).
Because full-year appropriations were not enacted before the start of the fiscal year, Congress passed and the President signed
a series of a continuing resolutions (CRs) to fund the government—including those agencies typically funded under the
THUD bill. These CRs generally funded agencies at their FY2023 levels, with some anomalies addressing technical budget
issues. (Several CRs also extended the federal aviation program’s authorization, which was scheduled to expire on October 1,
2023.)
On March 9, 2024, the FY2024 Consolidated Appropriations Act was signed into law (P.L. 118-42), following passage by
the House on March 6 and the Senate on March 8. The law provides FY2024 funding for six bills, including THUD (Division
F). It contains the following:
• $27.0 billion in non-emergency net discretionary funding for DOT, which is 6.1% less than FY2023, about
25% more than was proposed in the House Appropriations Committee bill, and 3.5% less than was
proposed by the Senate. Including mandatory funding, the overall DOT total is $106.4 billion (essentially
equal to FY2023).
• $62.1 billion in regular (non-emergency) net budget authority for HUD, which is 6.7% more than FY2023,
about 9% less than proposed by the House Appropriations Committee, and 4% more than proposed by the
Senate. This net total reflects $67.7 billion in gross regular (non-emergency) appropriations for HUD
(which is a decrease of 1.1% relative to FY2023) and $5.7 billion in savings from offsets and rescissions.
The amount of savings from offsets and rescissions is 47% less than FY2023, but more than double what
was estimated for the House Appropriations Committee and Senate bills, as a result of scoring instructions
from the Budget committees. Additionally, as in FY2023 and proposed in the Senate, the final law provides
emergency funding ($8 billion) to support HUD’s regular program activities. When accounting for these
emergency funds, the law provides $75.7 billion in gross appropriations for HUD in FY2024, which is 5%
more than FY2023, nearly 6% more than the House Appropriations Committee bill, and 3.7% more than
the Senate.
• $428 million for the THUD related agencies (1.9% more than FY2023, 5.4% less than H.R. 4820, and 2.3%
less than the Senate).

Congressional Research Service

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

he House and the Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related
Agencies (THUD) Appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing annual
T appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), the Department of Housing
and Urban Development (HUD), and certain related agencies.
This report describes action on FY2024 annual appropriations for THUD, including detailed
tables for each major agency and a brief overview of selected issues.
FY2024 Budget Process
Appropriations for DOT, HUD, and the related agencies typically funded in the THUD bill
happen in the context of the broader annual congressional appropriations process. That process
generally begins with the submission of the President’s budget request, followed by adoption of
congressional spending limits (generally, in a budget resolution) that set the overall level of
spending for that fiscal year’s appropriations bills. From there, the subcommittees of the House
and Senate Committees on Appropriations generally begin action on each of the 12 appropriations
bills. While each bill reported out of the Appropriations Committee may receive floor
consideration individually, in recent years it has been more common for bills to be considered in
combination with one another in consolidated or omnibus appropriations acts.
The President’s budget request for the upcoming fiscal year is due to be submitted to Congress by
the first Monday in February. The President’s budget request for FY2024 was submitted on
March 9, 2023, about five weeks after it was due. It was preceded by the enactment of FY2023
full-year annual appropriations (P.L. 117-328) on December 29, 2022, about three months into the
fiscal year. The delay of the budget submission allowed the FY2023 funding amounts in the
budget materials generally to reflect the annual appropriations as enacted in late December.1
For FY2024, the discretionary spending levels in appropriations measures are enforceable by both
statutory and procedural means. Statutory budget enforcement is through the discretionary
spending limits in the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (BBEDCA;
P.L. 99-177), as amended. These statutory limits are enforced through sequestration, which is
largely across-the-board reductions made to the category of spending that is in excess of the limit
(defense or nondefense), to eliminate the excess spending.2 Procedural budget enforcement is
primarily associated with the budget resolution, which provides a process for the House and
Senate to agree on budgetary targets ahead of consideration of spending and revenue legislation.
These targets are enforced through points of order.
Statutory Budget Enforcement in FY2024
The statutory limits on discretionary spending that were in effect for the FY2024 funding cycle
were enacted as part of the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (FRA; P.L. 118-5) on June 3, 2023.3
(Prior to the FRA, statutory limits on discretionary spending had been in effect between FY2012

1 On May 9, the President submitted amendments to the FY2024 budget that included changes to the language, but not
the amounts, requested for specified HUD and DOT accounts. See budget amendments package at
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/FY_2024_Budget_Amendment_Corrections_5-9-23.pdf.
2 The Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 also contains procedures by which these limits might be temporarily or
permanently adjusted in the case of a continuing resolution. For a summary of these adjustments, see CRS Insight
IN12168, Discretionary Spending Caps in the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023, by Grant A. Driessen and Megan S.
Lynch.
3 CRS Insight IN12168, Discretionary Spending Caps in the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023, by Grant A. Driessen
and Megan S. Lynch.
Congressional Research Service

1

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

and FY2021, but had expired at the end of FY2021.4) The FRA amended the BBEDCA to provide
limits on defense discretionary (all spending under budget function 050) and nondefense
discretionary (all other spending) for FY2024 and FY2025.5 Nearly all of the funding in the
THUD bill is subject to the nondefense limit. The statutory limit on nondefense discretionary
spending for FY2024 is $703.65 billion. This is a $40.2 billion (-5%) reduction relative to
FY2023 enacted nondefense discretionary funding, when accounting for Congressional Budget
Office (CBO) scorekeeping, and prior to any adjustments to the limits pursuant to BBEDCA
authorities.6
Procedural Budget Enforcement in FY2024
The budget resolution process dates back to the Congressional Budget Act of 1974. It is used each
year to impose a limit on total discretionary spending available to the appropriations committees
(commonly referred to as a 302(a) allocation) and, subsequently, limits on spending under the
jurisdiction of each appropriations subcommittee (referred to as 302(b) suballocations).7
As of the cover date of this report, there was no House or Senate action on a FY2024 budget
resolution. For the purposes of providing 302(a) allocations and budgetary aggregates for the
consideration of FY2024 appropriations, as well as other matters that would have been
traditionally associated with the budget resolution, the FRA directed the Chairs of the House
Budget Committee and Senate Budget Committee to enter those amounts into the Congressional
Record as soon as practicable. These were published in the Senate on June 21, 2023, but were not
published in the House.8
Generally, the next step in the appropriations process is for each of the appropriations committees
to adopt suballocations from the total amount allocated to them. These 302(b) suballocations
provide a limit on current-year (i.e., FY2024) appropriations within each subcommittee’s
jurisdiction and incorporate any applicable scorekeeping adjustments made by CBO.9 On June 15,
2023, the House Appropriations Committee voted to report its initial suballocations for all 12
bills, including THUD (33-27).10 Subsequently, the Senate Appropriations Committee voted to

4 These limits were initially established in 2011 by the amendments made by the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA;
P.L. 112-25) to the BBEDCA, but they were subsequently revised several times over the course of their effectiveness.
For a summary of these changes, see CRS Insight IN11148, The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019: Changes to the BCA
and Debt Limit, by Grant A. Driessen and Megan S. Lynch.
5 For further information, see CRS Insight IN12183, The FRA’s Discretionary Spending Caps Under a CR: FAQs, by
Drew C. Aherne and Megan S. Lynch .
6 These calculations are based on the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), Report on the Status of Discretionary
Appropriations, FY2023, U.S. Senate, February 10, 2023, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2023-02/FY2023-
Senate-2022-12-23.pdf. CBO tabulates a slightly different amount of funding using House conventions in CBO, Report
on the Status of Discretionary Appropriations, FY2023, U.S. House of Representatives, February 10, 2023,
https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2023-02/FY2023-House-2022-12-23.pdf. For more information, see CRS
Insight IN12183, The FRA’s Discretionary Spending Caps Under a CR: FAQs, by Drew C. Aherne and Megan S.
Lynch.
7 For further information, see CRS Report 98-815, Budget Resolution Enforcement, by Bill Heniff Jr.
8 “Budget Enforcement Levels,” Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 169, no. 108 (June 21, 2023), pp. S2180-
S2181.
9 Such suballocations are commonly revised throughout the appropriations process to reflect changing budgetary
priorities.
10 The House Appropriations Committee suballocations have not yet been formally reported, but have been published
by the House Appropriations Committee at https://appropriations.house.gov/sites/republicans.appropriations.house.gov/
files/documents/FY24%20House%20Subcommittee%20Allocations%206.13.23_0.pdf.
Congressional Research Service

2

link to page 7 link to page 7 link to page 10 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

report its suballocations on June 22, 2023 (15-13);11 they were subsequently amended several
times.12
Table 1 shows the suballocation to the THUD Subcommittees, compared to the applicable
FY2023 enacted level, the President’s FY2024 budget request, and FY2024 enacted figures.
Table 1. FY2024 THUD 302(b) Suballocations in Context
(dollars in billions)
President’s
FY2022
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024

Enacted
Enacted
Request
FY2024 302(b)
FY2024 302(b)
Enacted
THUD
81.038
87.332
98.876
65.208
97.484a
89.484
Regular

Discretionary
Net Budget
Authority
Sources: The FY2022 Enacted amounts are from CBO, Report on the Status of Discretionary Appropriations,
Fiscal Year 2022, House of Representatives, as of July 28, 2022, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2022-08/
FY2022-House-2022-07-28.pdf. The FY2023 Enacted amounts are from CBO, CBO Estimate for Divisions A
through N of H.R. 2617 (as modified by S.A. 6552), the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, December 21,
2022, https://www.cbo.gov/publication/58872. The FY2024 House Appropriations Committee initial
suballocations are as published at https://appropriations.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/republicans-
appropriations.house.gov/files/documents/FY24%20House%20Subcommittee%20Allocations%206.13.23_0.pdf.
The latest FY2023 Senate Appropriations Committee suballocations as of the date of this report were as
published in S.Rept. 118-169, but have been adjusted to account for the $10.371 bil ion in emergency spending
not subject to spending caps. The FY2024 enacted comes from the CBO score of the Consolidated
Appropriations Act, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2024-03/
Consolidated%20Appropriations%20Act%202024.pdf. See Table 2 for President’s Budget amount.
Notes: Amounts reflect current-year discretionary budget authority subject to spending limits. Emergency
appropriations and mandatory funding, which do not count against discretionary spending limits, are excluded.
a. Total appears to include amounts designated for an emergency requirement, which, in the Senate bil ,
totaled $10.371 bil ion.
FY2024 THUD Appropriations Process
The following summarizes FY2024 appropriations actions; Table 2 tracks FY2024 THUD
funding at the bill title level.
President’s Budget
As noted earlier, the President’s Budget request to Congress was submitted on March 9, 2023. For
the agencies that comprise the THUD budget, it proposed the following:
• $27.9 billion in discretionary funding for DOT, which is 3.1% less than enacted
for FY2023. The budget also included $79.4 billion in mandatory funding, for an
overall DOT total of $107.3 billion (+0.8% compared to FY2023). (DOT will
also receive an additional $36.8 billion outside the FY2024 appropriation process
from Division J of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act [IIJA].)

11 S.Rept. 118-45.
12 S.Rept. 118-57, S.Rept. 118-69, S.Rept. 118-78, S.Rept. 118-98, S.Rept. 118-108, S.Rept. 118-162, S.Rept. 118-169.
Congressional Research Service

3

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

• $70.6 billion in net budget authority—which accounts for savings from offsetting
receipts and collections, which is 21% more than the comparable FY2023 non-
emergency total and 14% more when accounting for the emergency funding for
regular program activities. In terms of gross appropriations (not accounting or
offsets or rescissions), there is $73.3 billion in gross new appropriations for
HUD, which is 7.0% more than enacted for FY2023. However, the FY2023
appropriations law also included $3.6 billion in emergency funding to support
regular HUD program activities. When accounting for those funds, the FY2024
request is 1.6% more than FY2023.
• $453 million for the THUD related agencies, 7.9% more than FY2023.
House Action
On July 24, 2023, the House Appropriations Committee reported its FY2024 THUD
appropriations bill, following subcommittee markup on July 12. H.R. 4820, as reported, proposed
$144.6 billion in total funding—$65.2 billion in discretionary funding—for THUD in FY2024,
including the following:
• $21.6 billion in discretionary funding for DOT, which is 24.9% less than
FY2023. H.R. 4820 also included $79.3 billion in mandatory funding, for an
overall DOT total of $100.9 billion (-5.1% compared to FY2023).
• $68.2 billion in net budget authority for HUD, which is an increase of 17.3%
above the comparable FY2023 non-emergency total and a 10.4% increase when
accounting for emergency funding for regular program operations. Excluding
savings from offsets and rescissions, H.R. 4820 proposed $71.5 billion in gross
appropriations to fund HUD’s programs and activities; that is an increase of 4.3%
above the FY2023 non-emergency total and a 0.9% decrease when accounting
for emergency funding provided in FY2023 for regular program operations.
• $452 million for the THUD related agencies, 7.8% more than FY2023.
• A rescission of $25.0 billion in funding from the Department of the Treasury’s
Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
Floor consideration of H.R. 4820 began on November 6, following Rules Committee action on
November 2; proceedings were suspended without resolution on November 7.
Senate Action
On July 20, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported its FY2024 THUD appropriations bill,
S. 2437. The text of that legislation was incorporated into a three-bill spending package and
passed by the full Senate on November 1 (H.R. 4366). It included $167.5 billion in total regular
funding—including $88.1 billion in regular discretionary budget authority—as well as $10.8
billion in emergency funding for THUD in FY2024. It proposed the following:
• $28.0 billion in non-emergency net discretionary funding for DOT, which is
2.7% less than FY2023, but 30% more than H.R. 4820. Including mandatory
funding, the overall proposed DOT total was $107.4 billion (1.0% more than
FY2023 and 6.4% more than H.R. 4820). Additionally, the Senate bill proposed
$469 million in emergency discretionary funding for regular program operations
at the FAA.
Congressional Research Service

4

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

• $59.7 billion in net budget authority for HUD, which is 2.6% more than FY2023
and 12.4% less than H.R. 4820. Excluding savings from offsets and rescissions,
S. 2437 proposed $62.7 billion in gross regular (non-emergency) appropriations
for HUD, a decrease of 8.6% relative to FY2023 and a decrease of 12.4% relative
to H.R. 4820. As in FY2023, S. 2437 proposed additional emergency-designated
funding ($10.4 billion) to support HUD’s regular program activities. When
accounting for these emergency funds, S. 2437 included $73.0 billion in gross
appropriations for HUD in FY2024, which is 1.2% more than FY2023 and 2.1%
more than H.R. 4820.
• $438 million for the THUD related agencies (4.3% more than FY2023; 3.2% less
than H.R. 4820).
Continuing Resolutions
Because full-year appropriations were not enacted before the start of the fiscal year, Congress
passed and the President signed a series of continuing resolutions (CRs) to fund the
government—including those agencies typically funded under the THUD bill—until final
enactment of full-year appropriations.
• The first CR extended funding through November 17, 2023 (P.L. 118-15). It
generally funded agencies at their FY2023 levels, with some anomalies
addressing technical budget issues. The CR also extended the federal aviation
program’s authorization, which was scheduled to expire on October 1, 2023,
through December 31, 2023. That date was further extended, through March 8,
2024, by the Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2023, Part II (P.L. 118-34).
• A second CR was enacted on November 16, 2023 (P.L. 118-22). It extended the
term of the prior CR through January 19, 2024, for four appropriation bills,
including THUD; and through February 2, 2024, for the remaining eight bills.
• A third CR was signed into law on January 19, 2024, which extended funding for
four appropriations bills, including THUD, through March 1, 2024; and for the
remaining eight bills through March 8, 2024 (P.L. 118-35).
• The fourth and final CR was signed into law on March 1, 2024 (P.L. 118-40). It
extended funding for THUD and the three other bills with funding slated to
expire that day through March 8, 2024 (and the remaining eight bills through
March 22, 2024).
Final Action
On March 9, 2024, the FY2024 Consolidated Appropriations Act was signed into law (P.L. 118-
42), following passage by the House on March 6 and the Senate on March 8. The law provides
full FY2024 funding for six bills, including THUD (Division F). It contains the following:
• $27.0 billion in non-emergency net discretionary funding for DOT, which is
6.1% less than FY2023, about 25% more than was proposed in the House
Appropriations Committee bill, and 3.5% less than was proposed by the Senate.
Including mandatory funding, the overall DOT total is $106.4 billion (essentially
equal to FY2023).
• $62.1 billion in regular (non-emergency) net budget authority for HUD, which is
6.7% more than FY2023, about 9% less than proposed by the House
Appropriations Committee, and 4% more than proposed by the Senate. This net
Congressional Research Service

5

link to page 10 link to page 10 link to page 10 link to page 10 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 link to page 11 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

total reflects $67.7 billion in gross regular (non-emergency) appropriations for
HUD (which is a decrease of 1.1% relative to FY2023) and $5.7 billion in
savings from offsets and rescissions. The amount of savings from offsets and
rescissions is 47% less than FY2023, but more than double what was estimated
for the House Appropriations Committee and Senate bills, as a result of scoring
instructions from the Budget committees. Additionally, as in FY2023 and
proposed in the Senate, the final law provides emergency funding ($8 billion) to
support HUD’s regular program activities. When accounting for these emergency
funds, the law provides $75.7 billion in gross appropriations for HUD in
FY2024, which is 5% more than FY2023, nearly 6% more than the House
Appropriations Committee bill, and 3.7% more than the Senate.
• $428 million for the THUD related agencies (1.9% more than FY2023, 5.4% less
than H.R. 4820, and 2.3% less than the Senate).
Table 2. THUD Appropriations by Bill Title, FY2023-FY2024
(dollars in millions)
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
FY2024
FY2024
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Senate
Enacted

Title I: DOT
106,349a
107,252
100,915
107,366b
106,365
Discretionary
28,735a
27,850
21,574
27,964b
26,987c
Mandatory
77,614
79,402
79,342
79,402
79,378
Title II: HUD
58,178d
70,573
68,217
59,689e
62,069f,c
Title III: Related Agencies
420
453
452
438
428
Title IV: General Provisions

0
-25,035
0
0
THUD Total
164,946e
178,278
144,550
167,493g
168,862f
Total Discretionary
87,332e
98,876
65,208
88,091g
89,484f
Total Mandatory
77,614
79,402
79,342
79,402
79,378
Emergency Appropriations
9,640h
0
0
10,840i
8,000j
Additional Appropriations (DOT, IIJA)
36,811
36,811
36,811
36,811
36,811
Sources: FY2023 Enacted, FY2024 President’s Request, and FY2024 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 118-154, as well as congressional
budget justifications. FY2024 Senate figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority
table, as published in S.Rept. 118-70. Final FY2024 enacted figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of
New Budget Authority tables published in the Explanatory Statement accompanying H.R. 4366 as passed the
House and the Senate, as well as the text of the Explanatory Statement and bil , all available in the March 5, 2024,
Congressional Record for Division F. IIJA appropriations taken from S.Rept. 118-70 accompanying S. 2437, “Other
Appropriations.” Some figures have been adjusted for comparability.
Notes: Values may not sum to totals or exactly match source materials because of rounding. Totals include both
discretionary budget authority and contract authority (a type of mandatory budget authority provided to DOT
that is not included in the bil ’s discretionary budget authority figure). Amounts noted as “emergency” are
excluded when calculating total funds countable towards 302(b) allocation.
a. Excludes $1.107 bil ion in supplemental appropriations designated as an emergency requirement provided by
Division N of P.L. 117-328, shown under “Emergency Appropriations” later in this table.
b. Excludes $469 mil ion in appropriations designated as emergency spending in the bil , shown under
“Emergency Appropriations” later in this table.
Congressional Research Service

6

link to page 12 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

c. Section 549 of Division C of P.L. 118-47 amended the FY2024 THUD appropriations act to rescind from
unobligated balances $1 mil ion from HUD’s Community Development Fund account (Economic
Development Initiatives grants) and to increase funding for DOT’s Transit Infrastructure Grants by $1
mil ion. Those adjustments are not reflected in this table.
d. Excludes $2 bil ion in emergency disaster Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery
(CDBG-DR) funding provided by P.L. 117-180 and $6.623 bil ion in supplemental funding for HUD provided
in Division N of P.L. 117-328, shown under “Emergency Appropriations” later in this table.
e. Excludes $10.371 bil ion in appropriations designated as emergency spending in the bil , shown under
“Emergency Appropriations” later in this table.
f.
Excludes $8 bil ion in appropriations designated as emergency spending in the bil , shown under “Emergency
Appropriations” later in this table.
g. Excludes $10.840 bil ion in appropriations designated as emergency spending in the bil , shown under
“Emergency Appropriations” later in this table. Excludes $36.811 bil ion in advance appropriations provided
to DOT in Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58).
h. Includes $7.640 bil ion in supplemental appropriations designated as an emergency requirement provided by
Division N of P.L. 117-328 and $2 bil ion in enacted funding from Section 155 of the FY2023 Continuing
Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act (P.L. 117-180) for CDBG disaster recovery
grants (CDBG-DR) for unmet needs arising from disasters declared in 2021 and 2022. Excludes $1 bil ion in
mandatory funding appropriated to HUD by Title III of the Inflation Reduction Act (P.L. 117-169) for
“Improving energy efficiency or water efficiency or climate resilience of affordable housing”; and $36.811
bil ion in advance appropriations provided to DOT in Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58).
i.
Reflects $10.840 bil ion in appropriations for regular program operations designated as emergency spending
in the bil .
j.
Reflects $8 bil ion in appropriations for regular program operations designated as emergency spending in
the bil .
Department of Transportation
DOT operates the nation’s air traffic control system; regulates aviation, commercial trucking, and
motor vehicle safety; and provides grants to support aviation, highway, transit, and passenger rail
infrastructure as well as highway, maritime, and pipeline safety.
The majority of DOT’s annual funding is established by two periodic authorization acts, one for
surface transportation programs and one for aviation programs. Most of the funding for the
programs in those acts is drawn from the DOT Highway Trust Fund and the Aviation and Airways
Trust Fund, respectively. Highway Trust Fund revenues come largely from fuel taxes and
increasingly from transfers from the general fund of the Treasury. Aviation and Airways Trust
Fund revenues come largely from taxes on passenger tickets and aviation fuel and some general
fund money.
Most of the funding drawn from the Highway Trust Fund, and a portion of the funding drawn
from the Aviation and Airways Trust Fund, is in the form of contract authority, a type of budget
authority that is considered mandatory, rather than discretionary, and thus does not count against
the THUD bill’s 302(b) suballocation. Thus, while DOT’s discretionary appropriation for FY2024
was $27 billion, the agency also received $79 billion in new mandatory funding from its trust
funds, for a total of $106 billion in new budget authority, roughly equal to FY2023. DOT also
received an additional $37 billion in advance appropriations for FY2024 from the Infrastructure
Investment and Jobs Act (P.L. 117-58), for a grand total of $143 billion in newly available
funding for FY2024, about the same as in FY2023. Table 3 provides detailed appropriations
information for DOT accounts and selected sub-accounts, comparing FY2023 enacted to FY2024
requested, proposed, and enacted.

Congressional Research Service

7

link to page 15 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

Table 3. Department of Transportation, FY2023-FY2024 Detailed Appropriations
(dollars in millions)
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
FY2024
FY2024
Administrations and Accounts
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Senate
Enacted
Appropriationsa

Office of the Secretary (OST)
1,550
2,104
674
1,524
1,067
Salaries and Expenses
171
220
177
191
191
Research and Technology
49
67
42
51
49
National Infrastructure Investments
800
1,220
—
800
345
Thriving Communities Initiative
25
100
—
—
—
National Surface Transportation and
Innovation Finance Bureau
9
11
11
10
10
Rural and Tribal Infrastructure
Enhancement
—
—
—
25
25
Railroad Rehabilitation and
Improvement Program (negative
—
-3
-3
-3
-3
subsidy)
Financial Management Capital
5
5
5
5
5
Cyber Security Initiatives
48
49
49
49
49
Office of Civil Rights
15
29
15
18
18
Transportation Planning, Research, and
Development
37
25
25
24
24
Community Project
Funding/Congressionally Directed
13
—
—
3
3
Spending (non-add)
Working Capital Fund (non-add)
505
—
522
522
522
Small and Disadvantaged Business
5
7
5
5
5
Utilization and Outreach
Payments to air carriers (Essential Air
355
349
349
349
349
Service)
Essential Air Service (Overflight Fees)
122
154
—
155
154
(non-add)
Electric Vehicle Fleet
—
26
—
—
—
Volpe National Transportation
5
—
—
—
—
Systems Center
National Infrastructure Investments
27
—
—
—
—
(Sec. 109) (reappropriation)
Federal Aviation Administration
15,674
16,458
16,203
16,461
16,733
(FAA)
Operations
11,915
12,741
12,730
12,741
12,730
Facilities & equipment
2,945
3,462
2,973
2,960
3,191
Congressional Research Service

8

link to page 15 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
FY2024
FY2024
Administrations and Accounts
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Senate
Enacted
Community Project
Funding/Congressionally Directed
45
—
—
15
15
Spending (non-add)
Research, Engineering, and
Development (Airport & Airway Trust
255
255
196
260
280
Fund)
Airport Discretionary Grants
559
—
304
501
532
Community Project
Funding/Congressionally Directed
284
—
304
201
482
Spending (non-add)
Federal Highway Administration
(FHWA)
3,418
—
1,362
2,047
2,225
Highway Infrastructure Programs
3,418
—
1,362
2,047
2,225
Community Project
Funding/Congressionally Directed
1,863
—
1,212
702
1,884
Spending (non-add)
National Highway Traffic Safety
210
304
260
222
223
Administration (NHTSA)
Operations and research
210
304
260
222
223
Federal Railroad Administration
3,407
4,770
1,453
3,454
3,024
(FRA)
Safety and Operations
250
273
274
268
268
Railroad Research and Development
44
59
44
59
54
Federal-State Partnership for Intercity
100
560
—
100
75
Passenger Rail
Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and
535
510
259
573
199
Safety Improvements
Community Project
Funding/Congressionally Directed
30
—
29
73
99
Spending (non-add)
Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and
25
—
—
—
—
Safety Improvements (Sec. 159)
Railroad Crossing Elimination Program
—
250
—
—
—
Restoration and Enhancement grants
—
50
—
—
—
Amtrak Grants
2,453
3,068
876
2,454
2,428
Northeast Corridor
1,260
1,227
99
1,141
1,141
National Network
1,193
1,841
776
1,313
1,286
Federal Transit Administration (FTA)
3,474
3,038
681
2,876
2,615
Transit Infrastructure Grants
542
—
131
268
252b
Community Project
Funding/Congressionally Directed
361
—
131
82
207
Spending (non-add)
Congressional Research Service

9

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
FY2024
FY2024
Administrations and Accounts
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Senate
Enacted
Transit Research
—
30
—
—
—
Technical Assistance and Training
8
8
8
8
8
Capital Investments Grants
2,210
2,850
392
2,450
2,205
Capital Investment Grants (Sec. 165)
425
—
—
—
—
Grants to Washington Metropolitan
Area Transit Authority
150
150
150
150
150
Capital Investment Grants
(reappropriation)
140
—
—
—
—
Great Lakes Saint Lawrence Seaway
Development Corporation
39
40
40
40
40
Operations and Maintenance
39
40
40
40
40
Maritime Administration (MARAD)
963
980
760
1,205
982
Maritime Security Program
318
318
318
318
318
Cable Security Fleet
10
—
10
10
10
Tanker Security Program
60
60
60
120
60
Operations and Training
213
290
210
284
268
State Maritime Academy Operations
121
53
57
131
126
Assistance to Small Shipyards
20
20
20
20
9
Ship Disposal
6
6
6
6
6
Maritime Guaranteed Loan Program
3
3
3
103
54
Port Infrastructure Development
212
230
70
213
120
Program
Community Project
Funding/Congressionally Directed
—
—
70
—
70
Spending (non-add)
National Defense Reserve Fleet
—
—
6
—
12
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials
291
340
311
333
324
Safety Administration (PHMSA)
Operational Expenses
30
32
32
32
32
Hazardous Material Safety
71
81
81
75
75
Pipeline Safety
190
228
198
226
218
Office of Inspector General
108
121
121
116
116
Salaries and expenses
108
121
121
116
116
Total Appropriations
28,972
27,958
21,693
28,082
27,162
Rescissions, User Fees and Other
-399
-306
-287
-314
-363
Offsets
PHMSA—User Fees
-161
-198
-167
-196
-188
OST—National Infrastructure
-27
-3
-9
-9
-9
Investments (Sec. 109)
Congressional Research Service

10

link to page 15 link to page 15 link to page 15 link to page 15 link to page 15 link to page 15 link to page 15 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
FY2024
FY2024
Administrations and Accounts
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Senate
Enacted
FAA—Rescission of Unobligated
Balances
—
—
—
-2
-2
FHWA—Administrative Provisions
—
-105
-105
-53
-68
FRA—Rescission
-3
—
—
-53
-53
FTA
-140
—
—
-1
-1
Unobligated Balances
(Rescission)(Sec. 165)
—
—
—
-1
-1
Capital Investment Grants
(Rescission)
-140
—
—
—
—
MARAD
-67
—
-6
—
-42
Maritime Security Program
-55
—
-6
—
-17
Tanker Security Program
—
—
—
—
-21
Ship Disposal
-12
—
—
—
-4
Emergency Appropriations
—
—
—
469
—
FTA
—
—
—
469
—
Net Discretionary Budget Authority
28,735c
27,850
21,574
28,433d
26,987b
Limitations on obligations (Mandatory
Funding)
77,614
79,402
79,342
79,402
79,378
Total Budgetary Resources
(Mandatory + Discretionary)
106,349c
107,252
100,915
107,834d
106,365b
Additional (Advance) Appropriations
(Emergency)
36,811
36,811
36,811
36,811
36,811
Total Budgetary Resources, Including
143,160
144,063
137,726
144,645
143,176b
Emergency
Sources: FY2023 Enacted, FY2024 President’s Request, and FY2024 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 118-154 beginning on page 410,
as well as congressional budget justifications and the text of H.Rept. 118-154 and H.R. 4820. FY2024 Senate
figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in S.Rept. 118-
70, beginning on page 219, as well as the text of S.Rept. 118-70 and S. 2437. Final FY2024 enacted figures are
taken from the text of the Explanatory Statement and text of H.R. 4366, as published in the March 5, 2024,
Congressional Record for Division F. Some figures have been adjusted for comparability.
Note: Values may not sum to totals or exactly match source materials because of rounding.
a. Administration level totals shown do not reflect savings from rescissions; rescissions are shown later in the
table.
b. Section 549 of Division C of P.L. 118-47 amended the FY2024 THUD appropriations act to rescind from
unobligated balances $1 mil ion from HUD’s Community Development Fund account (Economic
Development Initiatives grants) and to increase funding for DOT’s Transit Infrastructure Grants by $1
mil ion. That adjustment is not reflected here or in the totals.
c. Excludes $1.107 bil ion in supplemental appropriations designated as an emergency requirement provided by
Division N of P.L. 117-328.
d. Senate budget documents present the net discretionary budget total including emergency funding.
Emergency funding is not generally included in this total for purposes of budget enforcement. The
comparable non-emergency total is $27,964 mil ion.
Congressional Research Service

11

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

Major Differences Between House and Senate Proposed Funding
The House Appropriations Committee-passed bill (hereinafter, “House Committee-passed bill”)
would have provided $100.9 billion in total funding for DOT, 5.1% ($5.4 billion) below the
FY2023 level and 6.4% ($6.9 billion) below the Senate FY2024 level. The major difference in
funding between the House Committee-passed bill and Senate-passed bill came in the
discretionary portion of DOT’s budget: the House Committee-passed bill would have provided
$21.6 billion in new appropriations, 24% ($6.8 billion) less than the Senate bill (including
emergency-designated funding) and 25% ($7.3 billion) less than the comparable FY2023 enacted
amount.
The final FY2024 appropriations law provides nearly the same amount of total funding
(mandatory plus discretionary) for DOT ($106.37 billion) when compared to FY2023 ($106.35
billion), when excluding emergency appropriations. The enacted bill provides 25% ($5.413
billion) more in net new discretionary appropriations than the House Committee-passed bill
proposed and 6.8% ($1.915 billion) less than the Senate proposed, when excluding emergency
appropriations.
Four budget items accounted for most of the difference between the House committee and Senate
discretionary funding:
• The National Infrastructure Investments account provides funding for the RAISE
Grant program (49 U.S.C. §6702), a competitive discretionary grant program
under which states, localities, and other entities can apply for funding for local
highways and bridges, public transportation, freight and passenger rail, port
infrastructure, and bicycle and pedestrian improvements. Also within this account
is the National Infrastructure Project Assistance program (49 U.S.C. §6701),
known as the Mega Grant program, which provides grants for nationally or
regionally significant highway, transit, rail, port, or multimodal projects. The
President’s FY2024 budget requested a 50% increase over FY2023 enacted levels
for National Infrastructure Investments dedicated to Mega program grants ($1.2
billion requested, compared to $800 million in FY2023). The House Committee-
passed bill contained no new funding for this account. The House Committee
report cited the availability of IIJA funding ($2.5 billion in FY2024). The Senate
proposed $800 million dedicated to RAISE Grants. The final FY2024 enacted
amount was $345 million.
• The Highway Infrastructure Program provides funding to states for programs
administered by FHWA. For FY2024, the House Committee-passed bill
contained $1.362 billion a 60% decrease in funding from the FY2023 enacted
level of $3.418 billion. The House Committee report cited the availability of IIJA
funding in FY2024 for similar purposes. The Senate-passed bill contained
additional funding in FY2024 of $2.047 billion. The enacted FY2024 funding
level of $2.225 billion was 8.7% more ($178 million) than the level proposed by
the Senate, and $1.2 billion less (-35%) than provided in FY2023.
• Amtrak grants provide funding to Amtrak for intercity passenger rail
infrastructure, equipment, maintenance and operating subsidies. The President’s
FY2024 budget requested a 25% increase in discretionary funding for the Amtrak
account over enacted FY2023 funding ($,3.068 billion requested compared to
$2.453 billion in FY2023), whereas the House Committee-passed bill contained
$0.876 billion and the Senate-passed bill contained $2.454 billion. The FY2024
enacted amount was $2.428 billion. Under the IIJA, the Amtrak grants account is
Congressional Research Service

12

link to page 17 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

also slated to receive $4.4 billion annually in additional appropriations for
FY2024 through FY2026.
The Capital Investment Grant Program provides funding for transit infrastructure projects
popularly known as New Starts, Small Starts, and Core Capacity. For FY2024, the House
Committee passed an 82% reduction in funding for this account below the FY2023 enacted
funding level. In H.Rept. 118-154, the House Committee noted that $402 million in unallocated
funding from the Consolidated Appropriations Act, FY2022 (P.L. 117-103) and the advance
appropriations for the account from the IIJA would sufficiently fund projects that anticipate grant
agreements in FY2024. The President requested a 29% increase in funding for FY2024 above the
FY2023 enacted level. The Senate-passed bill contained an 11% percent increase for FY2024
above the FY2023 enacted level. The FY2024 enacted funding level nearly matches the FY2023
enacted level.
Additional Funding for FY2024 Provided in the IIJA
DOT received $184.1 billion in additional appropriations for many DOT programs in Division J,
Title VIII, of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58; also referred to as the
bipartisan infrastructure law or BIL). These funds were appropriated in FY2022, but were
divided into equal portions ($36.8 billion) that become available each year of the authorization
period (FY2022-FY2026) for certain DOT programs authorized in Divisions A-C of the IIJA. The
$36.8 billion in additional annual funding is more than DOT typically received in annul
discretionary appropriations. For some agencies within DOT, this additional funding represents a
relatively small addition to their regular annual funding level (e.g., $9.5 billion on top of $62.3
billion for FHWA); for other agencies, the additional funding is greater than the regular annual
funding level (e.g., $13.2 billion on top of $3.0 billion for FRA). Table 4 shows discretionary,
mandatory, and IIJA funding to provide an estimation of the total amount of FY2024 funding
available by DOT administration.
Table 4. FY2024 DOT Budget Authority by Administration and Source
(dollars in millions)
Discretionary
Appropriations
(net of
Administrations
IIJA Funding
rescissions)
Mandatory
Total
Office of the Secretary (OST)
3,800
1,058
—
4,858
Federal Aviation Administration
5,000
16,732
3,350
25,082
(FAA)
Federal Highway Administration
9,454
2,156
60,096
71,706
(FHWA)
Federal Motor Carrier Safety
Administration (FMCSA)
135
—
927
1,062
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA)
322
223
1,015
1,560
Federal Railroad Administration
(FRA)
13,200
2,970
—
16,170
Federal Transit Administration
(FTA)
4,250
2,614
13,990
20,854
Congressional Research Service

13

link to page 18 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

Discretionary
Appropriations
(net of
Administrations
IIJA Funding
rescissions)
Mandatory
Total
Great Lakes Saint Lawrence
Seaway Development
—
40
—
40
Corporation
Maritime Administration
(MARAD)
450
941
—
1,391
Pipeline and Hazardous
Materials Safety Administration
200
136
a
336
(PHMSA)
Office of the Inspector General
—
116
—
116
Total Appropriations by Type
36,811
26,987
79,378
143,176
Source: Supplemental funding is retrieved from S.Rept. 118-70 accompanying S. 2437, “Other Appropriations,”
pp. 224-227. Final FY2024 enacted figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority
tables published in the Explanatory Statement accompanying H.R. 4366 as passed the House and Senate, as well
as the text of the Explanatory Statement and bil , all available in the March 5, 2024 Congressional Record for
Division F.
Note: IIJA funds were provided by Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58). Discretionary totals are net of
any rescissions or user fee col ections. Administration totals shown here wil not match those in Table 3 because
these totals are net of rescissions.
a. Emergency Preparedness Grants received $46.825 mil ion in mandatory funding from the Emergency
Preparedness Fund.
Department of Housing and Urban Development
Overview
HUD is the nation’s housing agency. The programs and activities it administers are designed
primarily to address housing problems faced by households with very low incomes or other
special housing needs, and to expand access to homeownership.13 The largest share of HUD’s
budget is devoted to its rental assistance programs: Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers; project-
based rental assistance via Section 8, Section 202, and Section 811; and public housing. These
programs, which serve over 4.6 million households, provide subsidies to allow low-income
recipients to pay below-market, income-based rent.
Two flexible block grant programs—the HOME Investment Partnerships grant program and the
Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program—help states and local governments
finance a variety of housing and community development activities designed to serve low-income
families. Indian tribes receive their own direct housing and community development grants
through the Native American Housing Block Grant and Indian Community Development Block
Grant programs.
Other more specialized grant programs help communities meet the needs of homeless persons
(through the Homeless Assistance Grants, namely the Continuum of Care and Emergency
Solutions Grants programs), including those living with HIV/AIDS (through the Housing

13 For more information about federal housing assistance programs, see CRS Report RL34591, Overview of Federal
Housing Assistance Programs and Policy, by Maggie McCarty, Libby Perl, and Katie Jones.
Congressional Research Service

14

link to page 19 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

Opportunities for Persons with AIDS program). Additional programs fund fair housing
enforcement activities and lead-based paint hazard identification and remediation, along with
other healthy homes initiatives.
HUD’s Federal Housing Administration (FHA) insures mortgages made by lenders to
homebuyers with low down payments and to developers of multifamily rental buildings
containing relatively affordable units. FHA collects fees from borrowers with FHA-insured
mortgages, which are used to sustain its insurance funds. The Government National Mortgage
Association (GNMA) is also a part of HUD and it guarantees securities made up of federally
insured or guaranteed mortgages.
Components of HUD Funding
Nearly all of HUD’s funding is provided via discretionary appropriations, generally contained in the annual
Transportation, HUD, and Related Agencies (THUD) appropriations act. (HUD programs may also receive
additional resources from supplemental or other funding measures in some years, most often in response to
disasters.) The annual THUD bil provides budget authority via appropriations for HUD programs and activities for
a given fiscal year. The cost of that budget authority, as determined by the Congressional Budget Office’s (CBO’s)
scorekeeping process, is generally reduced by offsetting receipts from the FHA’s loan programs and GNMA’s
securitization of federally insured or guaranteed mortgages. To a lesser extent, other col ections and rescissions of
prior-year appropriations can also offset the cost of the HUD budget. Deducting the savings from offsets and
rescissions from the gross budget authority provided to HUD results in the net budget authority. Generally, gross
budget authority is the most useful measure of the new resources being provided for HUD’s programs and
activities whereas net budget authority is used for budget enforcement purposes and measuring against 302(b)
allocations. Any funding designated as an emergency requirement provided in the regular annual appropriations acts
or in supplemental spending bil s, is generally exempt for purposes of budget enforcement.
HUD also generally receives a relatively small amount of mandatory funding outside of the annual appropriations
process, such as contributions from the Government Sponsored Enterprises (Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac) to
fund the Housing Trust Fund. These mandatory funds are generally not reflected in this report.
FY2024 HUD Appropriations
Table 5 provides detailed appropriations information for HUD accounts and selected sub-
accounts, comparing FY2023 enacted to FY2024.
Table 5. Department of Housing and Urban Development,
FY2023-FY2024 Detailed Appropriations
(dollars in millions)
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
FY2024
FY2024
Accounts
Enacted Request
Comm.
Senate Enacted
Appropriations

Salaries and Expenses (Management and
1,732
1,867
1,745
1,832
1,803
Administration)
Tenant-Based Rental Assistance
27,600
32,703
31,132
26,449
26,387
(Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers)a
Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (inc. emergency)
30,254b
32,703
31,132
31,738c
32,387d
Voucher Renewals (non-add, inc. emergency)
26,403
27,840
27,375
27,766
28,491
Administrative Fees (non-add)
2,778
3,202
2,734
2,781
2,771
VASH (non-add)
50
0
0
30
15
Congressional Research Service

15

link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
FY2024
FY2024
Accounts
Enacted Request
Comm.
Senate Enacted
FUP (non-add)
30
0
0
30
30
Other Incremental Vouchers (non-add)
50
565
0
0
0
Mobility services (non-add)
—
25
0
0
0
Public Housing Fund
8,514
8,893
8,363
8,875
8,811
Operating Grants (non-add)
5,109
5,133
5,103
5,530
5,476
Capital Grants (non-add)
3,200
3,225
3,180
3,200
3,200
Climate Resiliency/Utility Consumption Reduction
—
300
0
0
0
Grants (non-add)
Operational Performance Evaluation and Risk
—
61
51
50
50
Assessmentse
Choice Neighborhoods
350
185
0
150
75
Self Sufficiency Programs
175
175
175
198
196
Native American Programs
1,020
1,053
1,344
1,082
1,344
Native American Block Grants (Formula) (non-add)
787
820
1,110
849
1,111
Native American Block Grants (Competitive) (non-
150
150
150
150
150
add)
Indian Community Development Block Grants
75
75
75
75
75
(non-add)
Indian housing loan guarantee
6
1
2
1
2
Native Hawaiian block grant
22
22
22
22
22
Housing, persons with AIDS (HOPWA)
499
505
505
505
505
Community Development Fund
6,397
3,415
5,554
4,491
6,720
CDBG Formula Grants
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300
SUPPORT for Patients and Communities
30
30
30
30
30
Grants to Reduce Barriers to Affordable Housing
85
85
0
100
100
Economic Development Initiatives—Congressionally
2,982
0
2,224
1,061
3,290g
Directed Spending/Community Project Fundingf
HOME Investment Partnerships
1,500
1,800
500
1,500
1,250
Preservation and Reinvestment Initiative for
225
0
20
0
10
Community Enhancement
Self-Help Homeownership
63
60
60
62
60
Self-Help and Assisted Homeownership
14
10
10
14
12
Opportunity Program
Section 4 Capacity Building
42
41
42
42
42
Rural Capacity Building
6
5
7
6
6
Veterans Home Rehabilitation and Modification
1
4
1
0
0
Pilot Program
Homeless Assistance Grants
3,633
3,749
3,729
3,908
4,051
Project-Based Rental Assistance (Section 8)a
13,938
15,904
15,820
10,709
14,010
Congressional Research Service

16

link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 22 link to page 23 link to page 23 link to page 23 link to page 23 link to page 22 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
FY2024
FY2024
Accounts
Enacted Request
Comm.
Senate Enacted
Project-Based Rental Assistance (inc. emergency)
14,907h
15,904
15,820
15,791i
16,010j
Contract Renewals (inc. emergency)
14,564
15,372
15,372
15,310
15,542
Contract Administrators
343
448
448
448
468
Service Coordinators for the Elderly
—
31
0
0
0
Distressed Property Assistance
—
53
0
33
0
Housing for the Elderly (Section 202)
1,075
1,023
913
1,075
913
Housing for Persons with Disabilities (Section 811)
360
356
208
360
208
Housing Counseling Assistance
58
66
58
58
58
Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fundk
14
14
14
14
14
Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Expensesk
150
165
150
150
150
Government National Mortgage Association
41
60l
51
55
55
(GNMA) Expensesk
Research and technology
145
155
139
145
139
Fair housing activities
86
90
85
86
86
Fair Housing Assistance Program (non-add)
26
28
26
26
26
Fair Housing Initiatives Program (non-add)
56
59
55
56
56
Lead Hazard Reduction
410
410
345
350
296m
Information Technology Fund
375
415
371
375
383
Inspector General
146
154
154
153
153
Gross Appropriations Subtotal (non-emergency)
68,534
73,301
71,509
62,654 67,749g
Gross Appropriations Subtotal (inc. emergency)
72,157
73,301
71,509
73,025
75,749g
Offsetting Collections and Receipts

Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fund
-14
-14
-14
-14
-14
FHA
-8,236
-1,278
-1,278
-1,278
-4,038n
GNMA
-2,106
-1,436
-1,436
-1,436
-1,436
Offsets Subtotal
-10,356
-2,728
-2,728
-2,728
-5,488

Rescissions
Office of Lead Hazard and Healthy Homes
—
—
-564
-237
o
Other Rescissions
—
—
—
—
-192o
Recissions Subtotal
—
—
(564)
(237)
(192)p
Total Net Discretionary Budget Authority
58,178
70,573
68,217
59,689
62,069g
(non-emergency)
Emergency-Designated Funding:

Disaster Relief
5,000q
0
0
0
0
Rental Assistance
3,623r
0
0
10,371s
8,000t
Total Net Discretionary Budget Authority
66,801
70,573
68,217
70,060
70,069g
(inc. emergency)
Congressional Research Service

17

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

Sources: FY2023 Enacted, FY2024 President’s Request, and FY2024 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 118-154 beginning on page 410,
as well as congressional budget justifications and the text of H.Rept. 118-154 and H.R. 4820. FY2024 Senate
figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in S.Rept. 118-
70, beginning on page 219, as well as the text of S.Rept. 118-70 and S. 2437. Final FY2024 enacted figures are
taken from the text of the Explanatory Statement and text of H.R. 4366, as published in the March 5, 2024,
Congressional Record for Division F. Some figures have been adjusted for comparability.
Notes: Values may not sum to totals or exactly match source materials because of rounding.
a. This account receives advance appropriations provided in the prior fiscal year and also includes
appropriations that become available in the subsequent fiscal year.
b. Includes $2.654 bil ion in additional funding provided by Division N and designated as an emergency
requirement.
c. Includes $5.829 bil ion provided in the account and designated as an emergency requirement.
d. Includes $6 bil ion provided in the account and designated as an emergency requirement.
e. This new account would fund HUD inspection of multifamily housing; this activity was previously funded
using resources from the Public Housing fund, PBRA, Section 202 and other accounts. For a ful breakdown,
see https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/2024_CJ_Program_Template_-_OPERA.pdf.
f.
Funding for the Economic Development Initiatives program is typically allocated via earmarks, also known as
Congressionally Directed Spending or Community Project Funding. For more information, see CRS Report
RS22866, Earmark Disclosure Rules in the House: Member and Committee Requirements, by Megan S. Lynch, and
CRS Report RS22867, Earmark Disclosure Rules in the Senate: Member and Committee Requirements, by Megan
S. Lynch.
g. Section 549 of Division C of P.L. 118-47 amended the FY2024 THUD appropriations act to rescind from
unobligated balances $1 mil ion from HUD’s Community Development Fund account (Economic
Development Initiatives grants) and to increase funding for DOT’s Transit Infrastructure Grants by $1
mil ion. Those adjustments are not reflected in this table.
h. Includes $969 mil ion in additional funding provided by Division N and designated as an emergency
requirement.
i.
Includes $5.081 bil ion in additional funding provided in the account and designated as an emergency
requirement.
j.
Includes $2 bil ion provided in the account and designated as an emergency requirement.
k. Some or all of the cost of funding these accounts is offset by the col ection of fees or other receipts. Those
offsets are shown later in this table.
l.
Reflects an estimated $1 mil ion in savings from a proposal for GNMA securitization of certain housing
finance agency loans contained in Section 230 of the general provisions in the President’s budget request.
m. The legislative text specified that the account shall receive $345 mil ion for FY2024, but also that $49.4
mil ion of that amount is to be derived from unobligated balances from prior-year appropriations to the
account, available for the same time period as originally appropriated. Thus, the new budget authority for
the account is $296 mil ion.
n. According to the CBO cost estimate of the bil , “[T]he House and Senate Budget Committees have directed
CBO to use the Administration’s estimate of receipts to the Mutual Mortgage Insurance Fund (-$3,478
mil ion) instead of CBO’s estimate of such receipts (-$718 mil ion). As a result of that direction, CBO’s
estimate of spending under the jurisdiction of the Subcommittee on Transportation and Housing and Urban
Development includes an additional offset of -$2,760 mil ion”; https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2024-03/
Consolidated%20Appropriations%20Act%202024.pdf.
o. Section 236 of the HUD General Provisions includes the fol owing rescissions of unobligated balances: $65
mil ion from the Lead Hazard Reduction account as provided by P.L. 117-103; $20 mil ion from the Public
Housing Fund provided by P.L. 117-238, remaining balances from defunct program accounts; and amounts
for the Self-Help and Assisted Homeownership Opportunity Program as authorized under Section 1079 of
P.L. 113-391.
p. Section 549 of Division C of P.L. 118-47 amended the FY2024 THUD appropriations act to rescind from
unobligated balances $1 mil ion from HUD’s Community Development Fund account (Economic
Development Initiatives grants) and to increase funding for DOT’s Transit Infrastructure Grants by $1
mil ion. That adjustment is not reflected in this account or in the totals. Other changes involving the award
of EDIs were included in Sections 551 and 552 of the law, but they did not affect account totals.
Congressional Research Service

18

link to page 5 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

q. Includes $3 bil ion for CDBG-DR provided by Division N of P.L. 117-328 and $2 bil ion provided by Section
155 of the FY2023 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act (P.L. 117-180)
for unmet needs arising from disasters declared in 2021 and 2022.
r. Includes $2.654 bil ion for Tenant Based Rental Assistance and $969 mil ion for Project Based Rental
Assistance bil ion provided by Division N of P.L. 117-328 and designated as emergency requirement.
s. Includes $5.829 bil ion provided to the TBRA account and $5.081 bil ion provided to the PBRA account and
designated as an emergency requirement.
t.
Includes $6 bil ion provided to the TBRA account and $2 bil ion provided to the PBRA account and
designated as an emergency requirement.

Selected FY2024 HUD Appropriations Topics
Declining FHA Receipts
From FY2023 to FY2024, CBO estimated that the amount of offsetting receipts from HUD’s
Federal Housing Administration Mutual Mortgage Insurance (MMI) Fund declined by nearly $7
billion dollars, or almost 85%, to less than $1 billion in savings. This is a steeper decline than
initially estimated by the President’s FY2024 budget request to Congress; the President’s budget
estimated that FHA’s MMI Fund would generate about half of what was estimated for FY2023
(just under $3.5 billion in savings).14
As noted earlier, these receipts generally serve to offset the cost of providing new appropriations
for HUD’s programs and activities for budget enforcement purposes. As a result, it would require
an additional nearly $7 billion in new appropriations to provide the same amount of funding for
HUD’s programs and activities in FY2024 as was provided in FY2023 (not accounting for cost
increases related to inflation). This decline presented a particular challenge for the appropriations
process in light of lower overall discretionary spending levels in FY2024 under the terms of the
FRA (as discussed earlier, see “Statutory Budget Enforcement in FY2024”).
The amount of FHA receipts available each year is estimated by CBO based on assumptions
about the amount and performance of FHA-insured mortgages issued that year, as well as the fees
paid by borrowers. The decline in estimated receipts in FY2024 was largely driven by changes in
economic projections, such as house prices and interest rates, which affect expected loan volume
and credit subsidy rates. A HUD decision to reduce the fees charged to FHA borrowers15 also
contributed to the decline.
For the purposes of the final FY2024 appropriations agreement for THUD, the House and Senate
Budget Committees directed CBO to use the Administration’s estimates of offsetting receipts for
FHA’s Mutual Mortgage Insurance program instead of using their own estimates, as has been past
practice. According to CBO:

14 The President’s budget assumed offsetting receipts totaling $5.487 billion; the comparable CBO estimate was $1.278
billion.
15 HUD Public Affairs, “Biden-Harris Administration to Save FHA Homebuyers Average $800 Annually on Mortgage
Payments Through Premium Reduction; 30 Basis Point Reduction in FHA Annual Mortgage Insurance Premium
Supports Biden-Harris Administration Goals to Make Homeownership More Affordable and Accessible for Working
Families,” press release, February 22, 2023, https://www.hud.gov/press/press_releases_media_advisories/
hud_no_23_041.
Congressional Research Service

19

link to page 25 link to page 25 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

As a result of that direction, CBO’s estimate of spending under the jurisdiction of the
Subcommittee on Transportation and Housing and Urban Development includes an
additional offset of -$2,760 million.16
Emergency-Designated Funding for Rental Assistance Renewals
Among the largest expenses in HUD’s budget are the annual costs of renewing rental assistance
payments for the more than three million families who are served by the Section 8 Housing
Choice Voucher and project-based rental assistance programs. The renewal costs of these two
programs—funded by the Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (TBRA) and Project-Based Rental
Assistance (PBRA) accounts, respectively—generally account for more than half of the total new
funding for HUD’s programs and activities each year.17
As illustrated in Figure 1, the FY2023 appropriations law funded rental assistance renewal costs
for these two programs using a combination of regular appropriations (provided in Division L)
and supplemental emergency-designated funding (provided in Division N). Nearly 9% of the total
funding for rental assistance renewal costs in the TBRA and PBRA accounts in FY2023 was
provided as emergency designated spending, and therefore not subject to regular discretionary
spending limits, including the THUD subcommittee’s 302(b) allocations.
While neither the President’s budget nor H.R. 4820 proposed using emergency-designated
funding for rental assistance renewal costs in FY2024, as illustrated in Figure 1, the Senate bill
proposed to fund a larger share of rental assistance renewal expenses using emergency funding
than in FY2023. Nearly a quarter of rental assistance renewal funding would have been provided
as emergency designated spending under the Senate bill.
The final FY2024 appropriations act included more emergency designated spending for rental
assistance renewal funding than was provided in FY2023, but less, overall, than was proposed by
the Senate bill. Over 18% of all renewal funding is designated as an emergency requirement in
FY2024, accounting for more than 21% of renewal funding for the Housing Choice Voucher
program in the TBRA account and nearly 13% of project-based Section 8 renewal funding in the
PBRA account.

16 CBO Cost Estimate, Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024, March 5, 2024, p. 2, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/
2024-03/Consolidated%20Appropriations%20Act%202024.pdf.
17 In FY2023, renewal funding in the TBRA and PBRA accounts, excluding emergency funding, accounted for 54.5%
of HUD’s regular gross appropriations.
Congressional Research Service

20

link to page 24 link to page 23 link to page 7

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

Figure 1. Rental Assistance Renewal Funding

Source: FY2023 Enacted figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as
published in H.Rept. 118-154, beginning on page 410. FY2024 Senate figures are taken from the Comparative
Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in S.Rept. 118-70, beginning on page 219. Final FY2024
enacted figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority tables published in the
Explanatory Statement accompanying H.R. 4366 as passed by the House and the Senate, as well as the text of the
Explanatory Statement and bil , all available in the March 5, 2024, Congressional Record for Division F. Some figures
have been adjusted from the source material for comparability.
Program Eliminations and Reductions in H.R. 4820
The total overall new funding for HUD programs and activities—or gross appropriations—
proposed by H.R. 4820 was lower than was provided in FY2023 (-1%), when accounting for
emergency-designated funds. This may be, in part, because H.R. 4820 did not use emergency
designations to offset some of the cost of new appropriations as was done in FY2023 and
proposed by S. 2437 (see the “Emergency-Designated Funding for Rental Assistance Renewals”
section of this report), particularly in light of the decline in offsetting receipts in FY2024 (see the
“Declining FHA Receipts” section of this report) and the lower 302(b) allocation for FY2024
relative to FY2023 (see Table 1).
To achieve this reduction in gross appropriations, H.R. 4820 proposed funding increases to
maintain current services in the primary rental assistance programs (+2.9% for the TBRA account
and +6.1% for the PBRA account), but proposed reduced funding for other programs and
activities. Slated for particularly large reductions were the following:
• The Choice Neighborhoods account, which would have received no funding in
FY2024 (it received $350 million in FY2023) under the House Committee-
passed bill. This account provides competitive grants to fund the substantial
rehabilitation of distressed public housing or other HUD-assisted multifamily
properties.
• The final FY2024 enacted law included $75 million for Choice
Neighborhoods, which is half of what was proposed by the Senate and a 79%
reduction relative to FY2023.
• The HOME program, which would have been cut from $1.5 billion in FY2023 to
$500 million in FY2024 (-66.7%) under the House Committee-passed bill. This
program provides formula grants to states and localities to be used for affordable
housing purposes. H.Rept. 118-154 noted that the HOME program received $5
Congressional Research Service

21

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

billion from the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 for specific rental housing
activities,18 and that only 1% of those funds had been spent.
• The final FY2024 enacted law included $1.25 billion for HOME, a 17%
reduction relative to FY2023 and the Senate proposal, but more than twice
the amount proposed by the House Committee-passed bill.
• The Section 202 and Section 811 accounts, which were proposed to be cut by
15.1% and 42.2%, respectively. These programs fund the development of rental
housing and provision of rental assistance for persons who are elderly or have
disabilities. H.Rept. 118-154 noted that the amounts provided would be sufficient
to maintain existing rental assistance contracts, but would not fund construction
of new units. It further noted that both programs had large balances of new
construction funding from prior years and directs the Secretary to expeditiously
award those funds.
• The final FY2024 enacted law funded these accounts at the House
Committee proposed levels.
General Provisions
Each year the THUD appropriations act includes dozens of General Provisions (GPs) for HUD,
which involve administrative guidance on how funding provided in the act should and should not
be used and, in some cases, amendments to laws that govern the agency’s programs and activities.
Many of these GPs are carried over from year to year, but some new GPs are generally added
each year. Some of the new GPs considered and/or enacted during the FY2024 appropriations
cycle are discussed below.
Rental Assistance Demonstration Expansion
Section 231 of the final FY2024 appropriations law included several amendments to the Rental
Assistance Demonstration (RAD), including extending the authority for RAD from 2024 until
2029, addressing partial conversions under Section 18 authority, and authorizing the conversion
of certain Section 811 rental assistance contracts under RAD. Similar provisions were requested
by the President and included in H.R. 4820 (§232) and S. 2437 (§239).
New Nonrecurring Expenses Fund Account
Section 235 of the FY2024 final appropriations act authorizes the creation of a new nonrecurring
expenses fund, as requested in the President’s FY2024 budget request and included in H.R. 4820
(§237) and S. 2437 (§240). The account will receive transfers of unobligated balances of expiring
discretionary funding from FY2024 and thereafter and the funds will be available until expended
for capital needs of the department.
Contract Administrators
Section 237 of the enacted THUD appropriations law includes a provision similar to a provision
in FY2023 and included in H.R. 4820 that prohibits HUD from using funding in the bill or in
prior acts to issue a solicitation or accept bids on a solicitation substantially equivalent to a draft

18 The HOME funding provided in the American Rescue Plan Act, known as HOME-ARP, has somewhat different
requirements related to eligible activities and eligible populations than the broader HOME program. For more
information on HOME-ARP, see https://www.hudexchange.info/programs/home-arp/.
Congressional Research Service

22

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

solicitation HUD published in July 2022. HUD has been unsuccessfully attempting to rebid the
performance-based contract administrator contracts it uses to help manage the PBRA program for
more than a decade. In the FY2024 budget request, the Administration sought a provision, which
was included in S. 2437 (§251) that would have authorized the department to use cooperative
agreements in lieu of procurement contracts when making performance-based contract
administrator awards for the PBRA program. While this authority was not included in the final
law, the explanatory statement notes, “the agreement recognizes that HUD faces a complicated
task of developing new PBCA arrangements before the existing agreements expire” and directs
the agency to develop any requests for necessary legislative changes in consultation with
stakeholders and the House and Senate authorizing and appropriations committees.19
Moving to Work Contract Extension
Section 241 of the enacted THUD appropriations law extends the term of certain existing Moving
to Work agreements from FY2028 through FY2038. This provision was not included in the
President’s budget request or in the House Committee-passed bill. A provision to extend the
contracts through FY2043 was included in S. 2437 (§252).
Continuum of Care Awards
Section 242 of the enacted THUD appropriations law allows HUD to provide two-year funding
award competitions for Continuum of Care (CoC) grants. The CoC program is the largest
competitive grant program in the government and it funds, via local providers, various forms of
housing assistance and related services for persons who are experiencing homelessness. This
provision was not included in the general provisions portion of the President’s FY2024 budget
request20or the House Committee-passed bill, but was included in S. 2437 (§253).
Housing Choice Voucher Waivers
Section 243 of the FY2024 enacted THUD funding bill authorizes the HUD Secretary to issue
waivers of various program requirements in administering certain special purpose vouchers
(Family Unification Program vouchers and mainstream vouchers for persons with disabilities).
This provision was not included in the President’s FY204 budget request or the House
Committee-passed bill, but was included in S. 2437 (§254).
Other Provisions, Not Enacted
A number of provisions proposed by the President, in the House Committee-passed bill and/or
Senate-passed bill were not included in the final law. Among others, these proposed provisions
were not included in the final appropriations law:
• a statutory amendment to allow GNMA to securitize Section 542(c) multifamily
risk-sharing loans made by housing finance agencies and insured by FHA
(requested in the President’s FY2024 budget);
• a new statutory authorization for HUD to make direct loans to support distressed
PBRA properties (requested in the President’s FY2024 budget);

19 Congressional Record, vol. 170, part 39 (March 5, 2024), pp. S1875-1876.
20 While this provision was not included in the GPs requested in the President’s budget request, HUD’s congressional
budget justifications indicated that the Department would seek changes in this policy area via the authorization process.
See page 21-8 of HUD’s FY2024 Congressional Budget Justifications.
Congressional Research Service

23

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

• a sunset of the existing Moderate Rehabilitation program to facilitate RAD
conversion of the remaining properties (requested in the President’s FY2024
budget);
• a prohibition on the provision of federal funding to local jurisdictions that refuse
to comply with federal requests for advance notice of release of a particular alien
in local custody and a similar provision in Title IV of the bill, prohibiting the use
of funds in contravention of Section 642 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and
Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (included in the House Committee-passed
bill [§432]).
• a provision to make previously appropriated funds available for direct support for
certain small properties undergoing RAD conversion (included in the Senate-
passed bill [§241]);
• guidance on the treatment of rent incentives in the Jobs-Plus public housing
program (included in the Senate-passed bill, [§243]);
• several provisions related to Native American housing programs (some included
in the House committee bill [§§238-240] and some included in the Senate-passed
bill [§§245-247]);21 and
• restrictions on residential Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) financing for
properties with mortgages insured or guaranteed by HUD (included in the
Senate-passed bill [§248-§250]).22
THUD Related Agencies
The annual THUD appropriations bills generally provide funding for seven independent agencies
that undertake activities related to transportation and/or housing.
• The U.S. Access Board is an independent federal agency designed to coordinate
other federal agencies to promote accessible design and the development of
accessibility guidelines and standards to ensure access to federally funded public
infrastructure for persons with disabilities.23
• The Federal Maritime Commission is an independent federal agency charged
with regulating U.S. ocean commerce.24
• The Amtrak Inspector General is an independent organization charged with
providing oversight of Amtrak’s programs and operations.25
• The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigates accidents,
crashes, and other events in transportation.26

21 While these provisions were not included in the GPs in the President’s budget request, HUD’s congressional budget
justifications indicated that the department would seek changes in some of these policy areas via the authorization
process. See, for example, pages 13-4 and 15-3 of HUD’s FY2024 Congressional Budget Justifications.
22 While these provisions were not included in the GPs in the President’s budget request, HUD’s congressional budget
justifications indicated that the department would seek changes in these policy areas via the authorization process. See
pages 13-4, 15-3, and 28-5 of HUD’s FY2024 Congressional Budget Justifications.
23 See https://www.access-board.gov/about/.
24 See https://www.fmc.gov/about-the-fmc/.
25 See https://amtrakoig.gov/about-us.
26 See https://www.ntsb.gov/about/Pages/default.aspx.
Congressional Research Service

24

link to page 29 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

• The Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (NeighborWorks America) is a
congressionally chartered nonprofit that supports a network of community
organizations that provide affordable housing, financial counseling, and resident
engagement.27
• The Surface Transportation Board is an independent federal agency that is “the
economic regulation of various modes of surface transportation, primarily freight
rail.”28
• The Interagency Council on Homelessness is an independent federal agency
charged with coordinating the federal response to homelessness.29
Table 6. THUD Related Agencies, FY2023-FY2024 Detailed Appropriations
(dollars in millions)
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
FY2024
FY2024
Related Agency
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Senate
Enacted
Access Board
10
10
10
10
10
Federal Maritime Commission
38
44
44
44
40
National Railroad Passenger
Corporation (Amtrak) Office of
28
30
30
29
29
Inspector General
National Transportation Safety Board
129
145
145
134
140
Neighborhood Reinvestment
Corporation (NeighborWorks
170
172
172
170
158
America)
Surface Transportation Board
41
48
48
47
47
Offsetting Collections
-1
-1
-1
-1
-1
U.S. Interagency Council on
Homelessness
4
5
4
4
4
Total
420
453
452
438
428
Sources: FY2023 Enacted, FY2024 President’s Request, and FY2024 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 118-154, beginning on page 410,
as well as congressional budget justifications. FY2024 Senate figures are taken from the Comparative Statement
of New Budget Authority table, as published in S.Rept. 118-70, beginning on page 219. Final FY2024 enacted
figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority tables published in the Explanatory
Statement accompanying H.R. 4366 as passed by the House and the Senate, as well as the text of the Explanatory
Statement and bil , all available in the March 5, 2024, Congressional Record for Division F. Some figures have been
adjusted for comparability.
Note: Values may not sum to totals or exactly match source materials because of rounding.
As shown in Table 6, most of the related agencies funded in the THUD bill received level or
increased funding from FY2023 in the final FY2024 THUD appropriations act. One agency
received a funding decrease; NeighborWorks received a funding cut of $12 million (7.1%).

27 See https://www.neighborworks.org/About-Us.
28 See https://www.stb.gov/about-stb/.
29 See https://www.usich.gov/about-usich/.
Congressional Research Service

25

THUD Appropriations: FY2024

Since FY2019, appropriations acts had specified that NeighborWorks was to use a certain amount
of funding (between $1 million and $4 million, depending on the year) for the promotion and
development of shared equity housing models. The Senate Committee-passed bill would have
provided $2 million for this purpose, while the House Committee-passed bill did not direct any
funding to be used specifically for shared equity housing. The final FY2024 THUD
appropriations act does not specify a set-aside of NeighborWorks funding for shared equity
housing, though the explanatory statement notes that the agreement “supports NeighborWorks in
its efforts to continue to advance shared equity models” and directs NeighborWorks to engage in
certain activities related to shared equity housing.30

Author Information

Maggie McCarty, Coordinator
Jennifer J. Marshall
Specialist in Housing Policy
Analyst in Transportation Policy

Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and
under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other
than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in
connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not
subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in
its entirety without permission from CRS. However, as a CRS Report may include copyrighted images or
material from a third party, you may need to obtain the permission of the copyright holder if you wish to
copy or otherwise use copyrighted material.

30 Congressional Record, vol. 170, part 39 (March 5, 2024), p. S1878. The agreement directs NeighborWorks to work
with affiliates with shared equity experience as technical assistance providers and to “continue to develop and enhance
professional development offerings around shared equity housing.”
Congressional Research Service
R47687 · VERSION 13 · UPDATED
26

Download PDF

Download EPUB

Revision History

Jun. 26, 2024

HTML · PDF

21% changed

Jan. 26, 2024

HTML · PDF

1% changed

Jan. 9, 2024

HTML · PDF

1% changed