Transportation, Housing and Urban
September 12, 2023
Development, and Related Agencies (THUD)
Maggie McCarty
Appropriations for FY2024
Specialist in Housing Policy

The House and the Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related
David Randall Peterman
Agencies (THUD) Appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing annual
Analyst in Transportation
appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), the Department of Housing and
Policy
Urban Development (HUD), and certain related agencies.

The FY2024 appropriations process began with the release of the President’s Budget request to

Congress on March 9, 2023. For the agencies that comprise the THUD budget, it proposed:
• $27.8 billion in discretionary funding for DOT, which is 3.1% less than enacted for FY2023. The budget
also includes $79.4 billion in mandatory funding, for an overall DOT total of $107.3 billion (+0.8%
compared to FY2023). (DOT will also receive an additional $36.8 billion outside the FY2024 appropriation
process from Division J of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA).)
• $73.3 billion in gross new appropriations for HUD, which is 7.0% more than enacted for FY2023.
However, the FY2023 appropriations law also included $3.6 billion in emergency funding to support
regular HUD program activities. When accounting for those funds, the FY2024 request is 1.6% more than
FY2023. In terms of net budget authority—which accounts for savings from offsetting receipts—the
FY2024 request is $70.5 billion, which is 21% more than the comparable FY2023 non-emergency total and
14% more when accounting for the emergency funding for regular program activities.
• $453 million for the THUD related agencies, 7.9% more than FY2023.
As a part of the negotiations over a debt limit increase, Congress adopted discretionary spending caps intended to reduce
overall spending relative to FY2023 (P.L. 118-5). Under those limits, the THUD subcommittee’s spending allocation for
FY2024 (or 302(b) allocation) was set 25.3% below FY2023 in the House and 0.9% above FY2023 in the Senate (excluding
emergency funding).
On July 24th, the House Appropriations Committee reported its FY2024 THUD appropriations bill, following subcommittee
markup on July 12th. H.R. 4820 as reported proposes $144.6 billion in total funding—$65.2 billion in discretionary funding—
for THUD in FY2024, including:
• $21.6 billion in discretionary funding for DOT, which is 24.9% less than FY2023. H.R. 4820 also includes
$79.3 billion in mandatory funding, for an overall DOT total of $100.9 billion (-5.1% compared to
FY2023).
• $68.2 billion in net budget authority for HUD, which is an increase of 17.3% above the comparable
FY2023 non-emergency total and a 10.4% increase when accounting for emergency funding. Excluding
savings from offsets and rescissions, H.R. 4820 proposes $71.5 billion in gross appropriations; that is an
increase of 4.3% above the FY2023 non-emergency total and a 0.9% decrease when accounting for
emergency funding.
• $452 million for the THUD related agencies, 7.8% more than FY2023.
• A rescission of $25.0 billion in funding from the Department of the Treasury’s Internal Revenue Service
(IRS).
On July 20th, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported its FY2024 THUD appropriations bill. S. 2437 as reported
proposes $167.5 billion in total regular funding—including $88.1 billion in regular discretionary budget authority—as well as
$10.8 billion in emergency funding for THUD in FY2024. It proposes:
• $28.0 billion in non-emergency net discretionary funding for DOT, which is 2.7% less than FY2023, but
22.9% more than H.R. 4820. Including mandatory funding, the overall DOT total would be $107.4 billion
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THUD Appropriations: FY2024

(1.0% more than FY2023 and 6.0% more than H.R. 4820). Additionally, S. 2437 would provide $469
million in emergency discretionary funding for regular program operations at the FAA.
• $59.7 billion in net budget authority for HUD, which is 2.6% more than FY2023 and 14.3% less than H.R.
4820. Excluding savings from offsets and rescissions, S. 2437 proposes $62.7 billion in gross regular (non-
emergency) appropriations for HUD, which is a decrease of 8.6% relative to FY2023 and a decrease of
14.1% relative to H.R. 4820. Like FY2023, S. 2437 would provide emergency funding ($10.4 billion) to
support HUD’s regular program activities. When accounting for these emergency funds, S. 2437 would
provide $73.0 billion in gross appropriations for HUD in FY2024, which is 1.2% more than FY2023 and
2.1% more than H.R. 4820.
• $438 million for the THUD related agencies (4.3% more than FY2023; 3.3% less than H.R. 4820).

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he House and the Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related
Agencies (THUD) Appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing annual
T appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), the Department of Housing
and Urban Development (HUD), and certain related agencies.
This report describes action on FY2024 annual appropriations for THUD, including detailed
tables for each major agency and a brief overview of selected issues.

FY2024 Budget Process
Appropriations for DOT, HUD, and the related agencies typically funded in the THUD bill
happen in the context of the broader annual congressional appropriations process. That process
generally begins with the submission of the President’s budget request, followed by adoption of
congressional spending limits (generally, in a budget resolution) that set the overall level of
spending for that fiscal year’s appropriations bills. From there, the subcommittees of the House
and Senate Committees on Appropriations generally begin action on each of the 12 appropriations
bills. While each bill reported out of the Appropriations Committee may receive floor
consideration individually, in recent years it has been more common for bills to be considered in
combination with one another in consolidated or omnibus appropriations acts.
The President’s budget request for the upcoming fiscal year was due to be submitted to Congress
by the first Monday in February. However, the President’s budget request for FY2024 was
submitted on March 9, 2023, about five weeks after it was due. It was preceded by the enactment
of FY2023 full-year annual appropriations (P.L. 117-328) on December 29, 2022, about three
months into the fiscal year. The delay of the budget submission allowed the FY2023 funding
amounts in the budget materials generally to reflect the annual appropriations in December.1
For FY2024, the discretionary spending levels in appropriations measures are enforceable by both
statutory and procedural means. Statutory budget enforcement is through the discretionary
spending limits in the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (BBEDCA;
P.L. 99-177), as amended. These statutory limits are enforced through sequestration, which is
largely across-the-board reductions made to the category of spending that is in excess of the limit
(defense or nondefense), to eliminate the excess spending.2 Procedural budget enforcement is
primarily associated with the budget resolution, which provides a process for the House and
Senate to agree on budgetary targets ahead of consideration of spending and revenue legislation.
These targets are enforced through points of order.
Statutory Budget Enforcement in FY2024
The statutory limits on discretionary spending that are currently in effect were enacted as part of
the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (FRA; P.L. 118-5) on June 3, 2023.3 (Prior to the FRA,
statutory limits on discretionary spending had been in effect between FY2012 and FY2021, but

1 On May 9, the President submitted amendments to the FY2024 budget that included changes to the language, but not
the amounts, requested for specified HUD and DOT accounts. See budget amendments package at
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/FY_2024_Budget_Amendment_Corrections_5-9-23.pdf.
2 The Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 also contains procedures by which these limits might be temporarily or
permanently adjusted in the case of a continuing resolution. For a summary of these adjustments, see CRS Insight
IN12168, Discretionary Spending Caps in the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023, by Grant A. Driessen and Megan S.
Lynch.
3 CRS Insight IN12168, Discretionary Spending Caps in the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023, by Grant A. Driessen
and Megan S. Lynch.
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had expired at the end of FY2021.4) The FRA amended the BBEDCA to provide limits on defense
discretionary (all spending under budget function 050) and nondefense discretionary (all other
spending) for FY2024 and FY2025.5 All funding in the THUD bill is subject to the nondefense
limit. The statutory limit on nondefense discretionary spending for FY2024 is $703.65 billion.
This would be a $40.2 billion (-5%) reduction relative to FY2023 enacted nondefense
discretionary funding, when accounting for CBO scorekeeping, and prior to any adjustments to
the limits pursuant to BBEDCA authorities.6
Procedural Budget Enforcement in FY2024
The budget resolution process dates back to the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, and is used
each year to impose a limit on total discretionary spending available to the appropriations
committees (commonly referred to as a 302(a) allocation) and, subsequently, limits on spending
under the jurisdiction of each appropriations subcommittee (referred to as 302(b)
suballocations).7
As of the date of this report, there has been no House or Senate action on a FY2024 budget
resolution. For the purposes of providing 302(a) allocations and budgetary aggregates for the
consideration of FY2024 appropriations, as well as other matters that would have been
traditionally associated with the budget resolution, the FRA directed the Chairs of the House
Budget Committee and Senate Budget Committee to enter those amounts into the Congressional
Record as soon as practicable. These were published in the Senate on June 21, 2023, but have not
yet been published in the House.8
Generally, the next step in the appropriations process is for each of the appropriations committees
to adopt suballocations from the total amount allocated to them. These 302(b) suballocations
provide a limit on current-year (i.e., FY2024) appropriations within each subcommittee’s
jurisdiction and incorporate any applicable scorekeeping adjustments made by CBO.9 On June 15,
2023, the House Appropriations Committee voted to report its initial suballocations for all 12

4 These limits were initially established in 2011 by the amendments made by the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA;
P.L. 112-25) to the BBEDCA, but they were subsequently revised several times over the course of their effectiveness.
For a summary of these changes, see CRS Insight IN11148, The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019: Changes to the BCA
and Debt Limit, by Grant A. Driessen and Megan S. Lynch.
5 For further information, see CRS Report R44874, The Budget Control Act: Frequently Asked Questions, by Grant A.
Driessen and Megan S. Lynch.
6 These calculations are based on the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), Report on the Status of Discretionary
Appropriations, Fiscal Year 2023, U.S. Senate, February 10, 2023, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2023-02/
FY2023-Senate-2022-12-23.pdf. Note that CBO tabulates a slightly different amount of funding using House
conventions in CBO, Report on the Status of Discretionary Appropriations, Fiscal Year 2023, U.S. House of
Representatives, February 10, 2023, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2023-02/FY2023-House-2022-12-23.pdf.
The FRA includes a provision described as incentivizing Members to enact regular full-year appropriations legislation.
The FRA states that in the event that a continuing resolution (CR) is in effect on January 1 of 2024 or 2025 for any
budget account, the discretionary spending limits for that fiscal year are automatically revised. The revision would
result in an increase in nondefense discretionary budget authority and a decrease for defense discretionary spending
levels when compared with the original levels. Under such a scenario, a sequester order would be issued on April 30 of
either 2024 or 2025. The FRA states that the revised limits would revert to the original FRA limits if full-year
appropriations were enacted before April 30. For more information, see CRS Insight IN12183, The FRA’s
Discretionary Spending Caps Under a CR: FAQs, by Drew C. Aherne and Megan S. Lynch.
7 For further information, see CRS Report 98-815, Budget Resolution Enforcement, by Bill Heniff Jr..
8 “Budget Enforcement Levels,” Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 169, no. 108 (June 21, 2023), pp. S2180-
S2181.
9 Such suballocations are commonly revised throughout the appropriations process to reflect changing budgetary
priorities.
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bills, including THUD (33-27).10 Subsequently, the Senate Appropriations Committee voted to
report its suballocations on June 22, 2023 (15-13);11 they have since been amended several
times.12
Table 1 shows the suballocation to the THUD Subcommittees, compared to the applicable
FY2023 enacted level, the President’s FY2024 budget request, and FY2024 enacted figures.
Table 1. FY2024 THUD 302(b) Suballocations in Context
(dollars in billions)
President’s
FY2022
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024

Enacted
Enacted
Request
FY2024 302(b)
FY2024 302(b)
Enacted
THUD
81.038
87.332
98.876
65.208
88.091

Regular
Discretionary
Net Budget
Authority
Source: The FY2022 Enacted amounts are from CBO, Report on the Status of Discretionary Appropriations, Fiscal
Year 2022, House of Representatives, as of May 26, 2022, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2022-05/FY2022-
House-2022-05-26.pdf, and Table 3, “Estimated Discretionary Spending Under Division B of S. 2938, Bipartisan
Safer Communities Act, as Amended by Senate Amendment Number 5099,” in CBO, “Cost Estimate,” June 22,
2022, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2022-06/S2938.pdf. The FY2023 Enacted amounts are from CBO,
CBO Estimate for Divisions A through N of H.R. 2617 (as modified by S.A. 6552), the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
2023, December 21, 2022, https://www.cbo.gov/publication/58872. The FY2024 House Appropriations
Committee initial suballocations are as published at https://appropriations.house.gov/sites/
republicans.appropriations.house.gov/files/documents/
FY24%20House%20Subcommittee%20Allocations%206.13.23_0.pdf. The latest FY2023 Senate Appropriations
Committee suballocations as of the date of this report were as published in S.Rept. 118-78.
Notes: Amounts reflect current-year discretionary budget authority subject to spending limits. Emergency
appropriations and mandatory funding, which do not count against discretionary spending limits, are excluded.
FY2024 THUD Appropriations Process
The following summarizes FY2024 appropriations actions; Table 2 tracks FY2024 THUD
funding at the bill title level.
President’s Budget
As noted earlier, the President’s Budget request to Congress was submitted on March 9, 2023. For
the agencies that comprise the THUD budget, it proposed:
• $27.8 billion in discretionary funding for DOT, which is 3.1% less than FY2023.
The budget also includes $79.4 billion in mandatory funding, for an overall DOT
total of $107.3 billion (+0.8% compared to FY2023).
• $73.3 billion in gross new appropriations for HUD, which is 7.0% more than the
regular gross appropriations provided in FY2023. However, the FY2023

10 The House Appropriations Committee suballocations have not yet been formally reported, but have been published
by the House Appropriations Committee at https://appropriations.house.gov/sites/republicans.appropriations.house.gov/
files/documents/FY24%20House%20Subcommittee%20Allocations%206.13.23_0.pdf.
11 S.Rept. 118-45.
12 S.Rept. 118-57, S.Rept. 118-69, and S.Rept. 118-78.
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appropriations law also included $3.6 billion in emergency funding to support
regular HUD program activities. When accounting for those funds, the FY2024
request is 1.6% more than FY2023. In terms of net budget authority—which
accounts for savings from offsetting receipts—the FY2024 request is $70.5
billion, which is 21% more than the comparable FY2023 non-emergency net
budget authority total and 14% more when accounting for the emergency funding
for regular program activities provided in FY2023.
• $453 million for the THUD related agencies, 7.9% more than FY2023.
House Action
On July 24th, the House Appropriations Committee reported its FY2024 THUD appropriations
bill, following subcommittee markup on July 12th. H.R. 4820 as reported proposes $144.6 billion
in total funding—$65.2 billion in discretionary funding—for THUD in FY2024, including:
• $21.6 billion in discretionary funding for DOT, which is 24.9% less than
FY2023. H.R. 4820 also includes $79.3 billion in mandatory funding, for an
overall DOT total of $100.9 billion (-5.1% compared to FY2023).
• $68.2 billion in net budget authority for HUD, which is an increase of 17.3%
above the comparable FY2023 non-emergency total and a 10.4% increase when
FY2023 emergency funding is included. This amount accounts for savings from
offsets and rescissions; excluding those savings and looking only at gross new
appropriations for HUD’s programs and activities, H.R. 4820 proposes $71.5
billion, an increase of 4.3% above FY2023. When accounting for FY2023
emergency funding, gross new appropriations provided in H.R. 4820 would
provide a 0.9% decrease relative to FY2023.
• $452 million for the THUD related agencies, 7.8% more than FY2023.
• A rescission of $25.0 billion in funding from the Department of the Treasury’s
Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
Senate Action
On July 20th, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported its FY2024 THUD appropriations
bill. S. 2437 as reported proposes $167.5 billion in total regular funding—including $88.1 billion
in regular discretionary budget authority—as well as $10.8 billion in emergency funding for
THUD in FY2024. It proposes:
• $28.0 billion in non-emergency net discretionary funding for DOT, which is
2.7% less than FY2023, but 22.9% more than H.R. 4820. Together with $79.4
billion in mandatory funding, the overall DOT total would be $107.4 billion
(1.0% more than FY2023 and 6.0% more than H.R. 4820). Additionally, S. 2437
would provide $469 million in emergency discretionary funding for regular
program operations at the FAA.
• $59.7 billion in net budget authority for HUD, which is 2.6% more than FY2023
and 14.3% less than H.R. 4820. This amount accounts for savings from offsets
and rescissions; excluding those savings, S. 2437 proposes $62.7 billion in gross
regular (non-emergency) appropriations for HUD, which is a decrease of 8.6%
relative to FY2023 and a decrease of 14.1% relative to H.R. 4820. Like FY2023,
S. 2437 would provide emergency funding ($10.4 billion) to support HUD’s
regular program activities. When accounting for these emergency funds, S. 2437
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would provide $73.0 billion in gross appropriations for HUD in FY2024, which
is 1.2% more than FY2023 and 2.1% more than H.R. 4820.
• $438 million for the THUD related agencies (4.3% more than FY2023; 3.3% less
than H.R. 4820).
Table 2. THUD Appropriations by Bill Title, FY2023-FY2024
(dollars in millions)
FY2024
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024

Enacted
Request
Comm.
Comm.
Enacted
Title I: DOT
106,349a
107,252
100,915
107,366b

Discretionary
28,735a
27,850
21,574
27,964b

Mandatory
77,614
79,402
79,342
79,402

Title II: HUD
58,178c
70,573
68,217
70,060d

Title III: Related Agencies
420
453
452
438

Title IV: General Provisions

0
-25,035
0

Total
164,946d
178,278
144,550
167,493e

Total Discretionary
87,332d
98,876
65,208
88,091e

Total Mandatory
77,614
79,402
79,342
79,402

Emergency Appropriations
9,640f
0
0
10,840e

Additional (Advance) Appropriations (DOT)
36,811
36,811
36,811
36,811

Source: FY2023 Enacted, FY2024 President’s Request, and FY2024 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 118-154 beginning on p. 410, as
well as congressional budget justifications. FY2024 Senate figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of
New Budget Authority table, as published in S.Rept. 118-70, beginning on p. 219. Some figures have been
adjusted for comparability.
Notes: Totals may not add or exactly match source materials due to rounding. Totals include both discretionary
budget authority and contract authority (a type of mandatory budget authority provided to DOT that is not
included in the bil ’s discretionary budget authority figure). Amounts noted as “emergency” are excluded when
calculating total funds countable towards 302(b) allocation.
a. Excludes $1.107 bil ion in supplemental appropriations designated as an emergency requirement provided by
Division N of P.L. 117-328, shown under “Emergency Appropriations” later in this table.
b. Excludes $469 mil ion in appropriations designated as emergency spending in the bil , shown under
“Emergency Appropriations” later in this table.
c. Excludes $2 bil ion in emergency disaster Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery
(CDBG-DR) funding provided by P.L. 117-180 and $6.623 bil ion in supplemental funding for HUD provided
in Division N of P.L. 117-328, shown under “Emergency Appropriations” later in this table.
d. Excludes $10.371 bil ion in appropriations designated as emergency spending in the bil , shown under
“Emergency Appropriations” later in this table.
e. Includes $10.840 bil ion in appropriations designated as emergency spending in the bil , shown under
“Emergency Appropriations” later in this table. Excludes $36.811 bil ion in advance appropriations provided
to DOT in Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58).
f.
Includes $7.640 bil ion in supplemental appropriations designated as an emergency requirement provided by
Division N of P.L. 117-328 and $2 bil ion in enacted funding from Section 155 of the FY2023 Continuing
Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act (P.L. 117-180) for CDBG disaster recovery
grants (CDBG-DR) for unmet needs arising from disasters declared in 2021 and 2022. Excludes $1 bil ion in
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mandatory funding appropriated to HUD by Title III of the Inflation Reduction Act (P.L. 117-169) for
“Improving energy efficiency or water efficiency or climate resilience of affordable housing”; and $36.811
bil ion in advance appropriations provided to DOT in Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58).
Department of Transportation
DOT operates the nation’s air traffic control system; regulates aviation, commercial trucking, and
motor vehicle safety; and provides grants to support aviation, highway, transit, and passenger rail
infrastructure as well as highway, maritime, and pipeline safety.
The majority of DOT’s annual funding is established by two periodic authorization acts, one for
surface transportation programs and one for aviation programs. Most of the funding for the
programs in those acts is drawn from the DOT Highway Trust Fund and the Aviation and Airways
Trust Fund, respectively. Highway Trust Fund revenues come largely from fuel taxes and
increasingly from transfers from the general fund of the Treasury. Aviation and Airways Trust
Fund revenues come largely from taxes on passenger tickets and aviation fuel and some general
fund money. Most of the funding drawn from the Highway Trust Fund, and a portion of the
funding drawn from the Aviation and Airways Trust Fund, is in the form of contract authority, a
type of budget authority that is considered mandatory, rather than discretionary, and thus does not
appear in the THUD bill’s 302(b) suballocation. Thus, while DOT’s discretionary appropriation
for FY2023 was $29 billion, it also received $77 billion in new funding from its trust funds, for a
total of $106 billion in new budget authority. It also received an additional $37 billion in advance
appropriations for FY2023 from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (P.L. 117-58), for a
grand total of $143 billion in newly available funding for FY2023.
Table 3. Department of Transportation, FY2023-FY2024 Detailed Appropriations
(dollars in millions)
FY2024
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024
Selected Accounts
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Comm.
Enacted
Office of the Secretary (OST)

National Infrastructure Investment
800
1,220
—
398
(RAISE/BUILD/TIGER)

Cyber Security Initiatives
48
49
49
49

Payments to air carriers (Essential Air Service)
355
349
349
349

Thriving Communities Initiative
25
100
—
—

Electric Vehicle Fleet
—
26
—
—

All other accounts
295
357
267
1,506

Total, OST
1,523
2,101
665
1,515

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)

Operations
11,915
12,741
12,730
12,741

Facilities & equipment
2,945
3,462
2,973
3,429

Research, engineering, and development
255
255
196
260

Grants-in-aid for airports (Airport Improvement
3,350
3,350
3,350
3,350
Program) (limitation on obligations)

Airport Discretionary Grants
559
—
304
501
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FY2024
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024
Selected Accounts
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Comm.
Enacted
Total, FAA
19,024
19,808
19,249
20,279

Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)

Federal-Aid Highways (limitation on obligations
59,504
60,835
60,835
60,835
+ exempt contract authority)

Federal-Aid Highways: discretionary funding
3,418
—
1,362
2,047

Rescissions
—
-105
-105
-53

Total, FHWA
62,921
60,730
62,092
62,828

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
(FMCSA)

Motor carrier safety operations and programs
368
435
375
435

Motor carrier safety grants to states
506
516
516
516

Total, FMCSA
874
951
891
951

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA)

Operations and research
407
505
461
423

Highway traffic safety grants to states
795
813
813
813
(limitation on obligations)

Total, NHTSA
1,202
1,319
1,275
1,237

Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)

Safety and Operations
250
273
273
268

Railroad Research and Development
44
59
44
59

Federal-state Partnership for State of
100
560
—
100
Good Repair

Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and
560
510
258
573
Safety Improvements

Railroad Crossing Elimination Program
—
250
—
—

Restoration and Enhancement grants
—
50
—
—

Amtrak

Northeast Corridor grants
1,260
1,227
99
1,141

National Network
1,193
1,841
776
1,313

Subtotal, Amtrak grants
2,453
3,068
876
2,454

Rescission
-3
—
—
-53

Total, FRA
3,404
4,770
1,452
3,401

Federal Transit Administration (FTA)

Formula Grants (mandatory)
13,634
13,990
13,990
13,990

Transit Infrastructure Grants
542
—
131
268

Transit Research
—
30
—
—

Technical Assistance and Training
8
8
8
8
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FY2024
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024
Selected Accounts
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Comm.
Enacted
Capital Investment Grants (New Starts)
2,635
2,850
392
2,450

Grants to Washington Metropolitan Area
150
150
150
150
Transit Authority

Rescission
—
—
—
-1

Total, FTA
16,968
17,028
14,671
16,865

Saint Lawrence Seaway Development
39
40
40
40
Corporation

Maritime Administration (MARAD)

Maritime Security Program
318
318
318
318

Cable Security Fleet
10
—
10
10

Tanker Security Program
60
60
60
120

Operations and Training
213
290
210
284

State Maritime Academy Operations
121
53
56
131

Assistance to Small Shipyards
20
20
20
20

Ship Disposal
6
6
6
6

Maritime Guaranteed Loan Program
3
3
3
103

Port Infrastructure Development Program
212
230
70
213

Rescission
-67
—
-6
—

Total, MARAD
896
980
753
1205

Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety
Administration (PHMSA)

Subtotal
291
340
310
332

Emergency preparedness grants (mandatory)
28
47
28
47

Offsetting user fees
-161
-198
-167
-196

Total, PHMSA
319
368
338
379

Office of Inspector General
108
121
121
116

DOT Totals

Appropriation (discretionary funding)
28,972
27,958
21,693
28,082

Limitations on obligations (mandatory)
77,614
79,402
79,342
79,402

Subtotal—new funding
106,586
107,360
101,035
107,484

Rescissions
-237
-108
-120
-118
Emergency Appropriations
—
—
—
469

Net new discretionary funding
28,735
27,850
21,574
28,433

Net new budget authority
106,349
107,252
100,915
107,835

Additional (advance) appropriations
36,811
36,811
36,811
36,811
(emergency)
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FY2024
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024
Selected Accounts
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Comm.
Enacted
Net new budget authority (incl. additional $143,160 $144,063 $137,726
$144,646
appropriations from P.L. 117-43 and P.L.

117-58)
Source: FY2023 Enacted, FY2024 President’s Request, and FY2024 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 118-154 beginning on p. 410, as
well as congressional budget justifications. FY2024 Senate figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of
New Budget Authority table, as published in S.Rept. 118-70, beginning on p. 219. Some figures have been
adjusted for comparability.
Notes: Totals may not add or exactly match source materials due to rounding.

Major Differences Between House and Senate Proposed Funding
The House bill would provide $100.9 billion in new budget authority for DOT, 5.1% ($5.4
billion) below the FY2023 level and 6.4% ($6.9 billion) below the Senate FY2024 level. The
major difference in funding between the House and Senate bills comes in the discretionary
portion of DOT’s budget: the House bill would provide $21.6 billion in net new discretionary
funding, 24% ($6.859 billion) less than the Senate bill and 25% ($7.161 billion) less than the
comparable FY2023 enacted amount (not accounting for the reduction in relative purchasing
power of the FY2024 amount resulting from inflation). Four budget items account for most of the
difference between the House and Senate discretionary funding, as shown in Table 4.
Table 4. FY2023 Enacted and FY2024 Proposed Discretionary Funding for Selected
DOT Programs
(dollars in millions)
Additional
FY2024
FY2024
Annual
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
IIJA
Budget Item
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Comm.
Funding
National Infrastructure Investment (OST)
$800
$1,220
—
$398
$2,500
Federal-aid Highways Discretionary Funding
(FHWA)
3,418
—
1,362
2,047
9,454
Amtrak Grants (FRA)
2,453
3,068
876
2,454
4,400
Capital Investment Grants (FTA)
2,635
2,850
392
2,450
1,600
Subtotal
9,306
7,138
2,633
7,349
17,954
DOT Net New Discretionary Funding
total
$28,735
$27,850
$21,574
$28,433

Source: FY2023 Enacted, FY2024 President’s Request, and FY2024 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 118-154 beginning on p. 410, as
well as congressional budget justifications. FY2024 Senate figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of
New Budget Authority table, as published in S.Rept. 118-70, beginning on p. 219. Some figures have been
adjusted for comparability.
Notes: Each of these budget items also received additional funding in FY2022 and FY2023, and are likely to
receive additional funding in FY2024, FY2025, and FY2026, as part of an overall annual addition of $36.8 bil ion to
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DOT from a supplemental appropriation in Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58); the annual amount of
additional funding for each of these budget items is shown in the rightmost column.

• The National Infrastructure Investment Program, popularly known as the RAISE
Grant program, is a competitive discretionary grant program under which states,
localities, and other entities can apply for grants for highways and bridges, public
transportation, freight and passenger rail, port infrastructure, and bicycle and
pedestrian improvements.
• The Federal-aid Highways Program discretionary funding provides additional
funding from the General Fund of the Treasury to states, beyond the $60.8 billion
in contract authority provided from the Highway Trust Fund, for programs
funded by formula and important safety and management priorities administered
by FHWA.
• Amtrak grants provide funding to Amtrak for infrastructure, equipment,
maintenance and operating subsidies.
• The Capital Investment Grant Program provides funding for the transit
infrastructure projects popularly known as New Starts, Small Starts, and Core
Capacity.

Additional Funding for FY2024 Provided in the IIJA
DOT received $184.1 billion in additional appropriations for many DOT programs in Division J,
Title VIII of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58; also referred to as the
bipartisan infrastructure law or BIL). These funds were appropriated in FY2022, but were
divided into equal portions ($36.8 billion) that become available each year of the authorization
period (FY2022-FY2026) for certain DOT programs authorized in Divisions A-C of the IIJA.
That $36.8 billion in annual supplemental funding equals slightly over one-third of the FY2024
funding recommended for DOT in the THUD FY2024 appropriations bills. For some agencies
within DOT, this additional funding represents a relatively small addition to their regular FY2023
authorized or appropriated amount (e.g., 15% (+$9.5 billion) for FHWA infrastructure, 25%
(+$4.3 billion) for FTA infrastructure); for other agencies, the additional funding is greater than
the regular FY2024 authorized or requested amounts (e.g., $5 billion on top of $3.9 billion for
FAA infrastructure accounts, $13.2 billion on top of $2.4 billion for FRA state rail grants). Table
5 shows the distribution of the supplemental funding available to DOT during FY2024.
Table 5. FY2024 Department of Transportation Funding Provided in the IIJA,
Outside the FY2024 THUD Appropriations Act
(dollars in millions)
DOT Accounts
FY2024
Office of the Secretary (OST)

National Infrastructure Investments
$2,500.0
Safe Streets and Roads for All grants
1,000.0
National Culvert Removal, Replacement, and Restoration grants
200.0
Strengthening Mobility and Revolutionizing Transportation Grant Program
100.0
Total OST
3,800.0
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DOT Accounts
FY2024
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)

Facilities and Equipment
1,000.0
Airport Infrastructure Grants
3,000.0
Airport Terminal Program
1,000.0
Total FAA
5,000.0
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)

Highway Infrastructure Program
9,454.4
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA)
Motor Carrier Safety Operations and Program
10.0
Motor Carrier Safety Grants
124.5
Total FMCSA
134.5
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
Crash Data
150.0
Vehicle Safety and Behavioral Research Programs
109.7
Supplemental Highway Traffic Safety Programs
62.0
Total, NHTSA
321.7
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)

Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and Safety Improvements
1,000.0
Northeast Corridor Grants to Amtrak
1,200.0
National Network Grants to Amtrak
3,200.0
Railroad Crossing Elimination Program
600.0
Federal-State Partnership for Intercity Passenger Rail Grants
7,200.0
Total FRA
13,200.0
Federal Transit Administration (FTA)

Transit Infrastructure Grants
2,050.0
Capital Investment Grants
1,600.0
All Stations Accessibility Program
350.0
Electric or Low-Emitting Ferry Program
50.0
Ferry Service for Rural Communities
200.0
Total FTA
4,250.0
Maritime Administration (MARAD)

Port Infrastructure Development Program
450.0
Total MARAD
450.0
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA)
Natural Gas Distribution Infrastructure Safety and Modernization Grant Program
200.0
Total Other Appropriations
36,810.6
Source: S.Rept. 118-70 accompanying S. 2437, “Other Appropriations,” pp. 224-227.
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THUD Appropriations: FY2024

Note: These funds were provided in Division J, Title VIII of the IIJA (P.L. 117-58).

Department of Housing and Urban Development
Overview
HUD is the nation’s housing agency. The programs and activities it administers are designed
primarily to address housing problems faced by households with very low incomes or other
special housing needs and to expand access to homeownership.13 The largest share of HUD’s
budget is devoted to its rental assistance programs: Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers; project-
based rental assistance via Section 8, Section 202, and Section 811; and public housing. These
programs, which serve over 4.6 million households, provide subsidies to allow low-income
recipients to pay below-market, income-based rent.
Two flexible block grant programs—the HOME Investment Partnerships grant program and the
Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program—help states and local governments
finance a variety of housing and community development activities designed to serve low-income
families. Indian tribes receive their own direct housing grants through the Indian Housing Block
Grant program (also called the Native American Housing Block Grant program).
Other more specialized grant programs help communities meet the needs of homeless persons
(through the Homeless Assistance Grants, namely the Continuum of Care and Emergency
Solutions Grants programs), including those living with HIV/AIDS (through the Housing
Opportunities for Persons with AIDS program). Additional programs fund fair housing
enforcement activities and lead-based paint hazard identification and remediation, along with
other healthy homes initiatives.
HUD’s Federal Housing Administration (FHA) insures mortgages made by lenders to
homebuyers with low down payments and to developers of multifamily rental buildings
containing relatively affordable units. FHA collects fees from borrowers with FHA-insured
mortgages, which are used to sustain its insurance funds. The Government National Mortgage
Association (GNMA) is also a part of HUD and it guarantees securities made up of federally
insured or guaranteed mortgages.
Agency Funding
Nearly all of HUD’s funding is provided via discretionary appropriations, generally contained in
the annual Transportation, HUD, and Related Agencies appropriations legislation. (HUD
programs may also receive additional resources from supplemental or other funding measures in
some years, most often in response to disasters.) The annual THUD bill provides budget authority
via appropriations for HUD programs and activities for a given fiscal year. The “cost” of that
budget authority, as determined by the Congressional Budget Office’s (CBO’s) scorekeeping
process, is generally reduced by offsetting receipts from the FHA’s loan programs and GNMA’s
securitization of federally insured or guaranteed mortgages. To a lesser extent, other collections
and rescissions of prior-year appropriations can also offset the cost of the HUD budget.

13 For more information about federal housing assistance programs, see CRS Report RL34591, Overview of Federal
Housing Assistance Programs and Policy, by Maggie McCarty, Libby Perl, and Katie Jones.
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Deducting the savings from offsets and rescissions from the gross budget authority provided to
HUD results in the net budget authority total used for budget enforcement purposes.
FY2024 HUD Appropriations
Table 6 provides detailed appropriations information for HUD accounts and selected sub-
accounts, comparing FY2023 enacted to FY2024.
Table 6. Department of Housing and Urban Development,
FY2023-FY2024 Detailed Appropriations
(dollars in millions)
FY2024
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024
Accounts
Enacted Request
Comm.
Comm. Enacted
Appropriations

Salaries and Expenses (Management and
1,732
1,867
1,745
1,832
Administration)

Tenant-Based Rental Assistance
27,600
32,703
31,132
26,449
(Sec. 8 Housing Choice Vouchers)a

Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (inc. emergency)
30,254b
32,703
31,132
31,738c

Voucher Renewals (non-add, inc. emergency)
26,403
27,840
27,375
27,766

Administrative Fees (non-add)
2,778
3,202
2,734
2,781

VASH
50
0
0
30

FUP
30
0
0
30

Other Incremental Vouchers
50
565
0
0

Mobility services
—
25
0
0

Public Housing Fund
8,514
8,893
8,363
8,875

Operating Grants (non-add)
5,109
5,133
5,103
5,530

Capital Grants (non-add)
3,200
3,225
3,180
3,200

Climate Resiliency/Utility Consumption Reduction
—
300
0
0
Grants (non-add)

Operational Performance Evaluation and Risk
—
61
51
50
Assessmentsd

Choice Neighborhoods
350
185
0
150

Self Sufficiency Programs
175
175
175
198

Native American Programs
1,020
1,053
1,344
1,082

Native American Block Grants (Formula) (non-add)
787
820
1,110
849

Native American Block Grants (Competitive) (non-
150
150
150
150
add)

Indian Community Development Block Grants
75
75
75
75
(non-add)
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FY2024
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024
Accounts
Enacted Request
Comm.
Comm. Enacted
Indian housing loan guarantee
6
1
2
1

Native Hawaiian block grant
22
22
22
22

Housing, persons with AIDS (HOPWA)
499
505
505
505

Community Development Fund
6,397
3,415
5,554
4,491

CDBG Formula Grants
3,300
3,300
3,300
3,300

SUPPORT for Patients and Communities
30
30
30
30

Grants to Reduce Barriers to Affordable Housing
85
85
0
100

Economic Development Initiatives
2,982
0
2,224
1,061

HOME Investment Partnerships
1,500
1,800
500
1,500

Preservation and Reinvestment Initiative for
225
0
20
0
Community Enhancement

Self-Help Homeownership
63
60
60
62

Self-Help and Assisted Homeownership
14
10
10
14
Opportunity Program

Section 4 Capacity Building
42
41
42
42

Rural Capacity Building
6
5
7
6

Veterans Home Rehabilitation and Modification
1
4
1
0
Pilot Program

Homeless Assistance Grants
3,633
3,749
3,729
3,908

Project-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8)a
13,938
15,904
15,820
10,709

Project-Based Rental Assistance (inc. emergency)
14,907e
15,904
15,820
15,791f

Contract Renewals (inc. emergency)
14,564
15,372
15,372
15,310

Contract Administrators
343
448
448
448

Service Coordinators for the Elderly
—
31
0
0

Distressed Property Assistance
—
53
0
33

Housing for the Elderly (Section 202)
1,075
1,023
913
1,075

Housing for Persons with Disabilities (Section 811)
360
356
208
360

Housing Counseling Assistance
58
66
58
58

Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fundg
14 14
14
14

Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Expensesg
150
165
150
150
Government National Mortgage Association
41
60h
51
55

(GNMA) Expensesg

Research and technology
145
155
139
145

Fair housing activities
86
90
85
86

Fair Housing Assistance Program (non-add)
26
28
26
26

Fair Housing Initiatives Program (non-add)
56
59
55
56
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FY2024
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024
Accounts
Enacted Request
Comm.
Comm. Enacted
Lead Hazard Reduction
410
410
345
350

Information Technology Fund
375
415
371
375

Inspector General
146
154
154
153

Gross Appropriations Subtotal (non-emergency)
68,534
73,301
71,509
62,654

Gross Appropriations Subtotal (inc. emergency)
72,157
73,301
71,509
73,025

Offsetting Collections and Receipts

Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fund
-14
-14
-14
-14

FHA
-8,236
-1,278
-1,278
-1,278

GNMA
-2,106
-1,436
-1,436
-1,436

Offsets Subtotal
-10,356
-2,728
-2,728
-2,728

Rescissions

Office of Lead Hazard and Healthy Homes
—
—
-564
-237

Recissions Subtotal
—
—
(564)
(237)
Total Net Discretionary Budget Authority
58,178
70,573
68,217
59,689

(non-emergency)
Emergency-Designated Funding:

Disaster Relief
5,000i
0
0
0

Rental Assistance
3,623j
0
0
10,371k
Total Net Discretionary Budget Authority
66,801
70,573
68,217
70,060

(inc. emergency)
Source: FY2023 Enacted, FY2024 President’s Request, and FY2024 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 118-154 beginning on p. 410, as
well as congressional budget justifications. FY2024 Senate figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of
New Budget Authority table, as published in S.Rept. 118-70, beginning on p. 219. Some figures have been
adjusted for comparability.
Notes: Totals may not add or exactly match source materials due to rounding.
a. This account receives advance appropriations provided in the prior fiscal year and also includes
appropriations that become available in the subsequent fiscal year.
b. Includes $2.654 bil ion in additional funding provided by Division N and designated as an emergency
requirement.
c. Includes $5.829 bil ion provided in the account and designated as an emergency requirement.
d. This new account would fund HUD inspection of multifamily housing; this activity was previously funded
using resources from the Public Housing fund, PBRA, Section 202 and other accounts. For a ful breakdown,
see https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/2024_CJ_Program_Template_-_OPERA.pdf.
e. Includes $969 mil ion in additional funding provided by Division N and designated as an emergency
requirement.
f.
Includes $5.081 bil ion in additional funding provided by Division N and designated as an emergency
requirement.
g. Some or all of the cost of funding these accounts is offset by the col ection of fees or other receipts. Those
offsets are shown later in this table.
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h. Reflects an estimated $1 mil ion in savings from a proposal for GNMA securitization of certain housing
finance agency loans contained in Sec. 230 of the general provisions in the President’s budget request.
i.
Includes $3 bil ion for CDBG-DR provided by Division N of P.L. 117-328 and $2 bil ion provided by Section
155 of the FY2023 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act (P.L. 117-180)
for unmet needs arising from disasters declared in 2021 and 2022.
j.
Includes $2.654 bil ion for Tenant Based Rental Assistance and $969 mil ion for Project Based Rental
Assistance bil ion provided by Division N of P.L. 117-328.
k. Includes $5.829 bil ion provided to the TBRA account and $5.081 bil ion provided to the PBRA account and
designated as an emergency requirement.
Selected FY2024 HUD Appropriations Topics
Declining Receipts
From FY2023 to FY2024, the estimated amount of offsetting receipts from FHA and GNMA
declined by $7.6 billion dollars, or almost 74%. As noted earlier, these receipts generally serve to
offset the cost of providing new appropriations for HUD’s programs and activities for budget
enforcement purposes. As a result, it would require an additional $7.6 billion in new
appropriations to provide the same amount of funding for HUD’s programs and activities in
FY2024 as was provided in FY2023 (not accounting for cost increases related to inflation). This
may present a particular challenge for the appropriations process in light of lower overall
discretionary spending levels in FY2024 under the terms of the FRA (as discussed earlier, see
“Statutory Budget Enforcement in FY2024”).
The amount of FHA and GNMA receipts available each year is estimated by CBO based on
assumptions about the amount and performance of FHA-insured mortgages (and, in the case of
GNMA, other government-insured or -guaranteed mortgages) issued that year, as well as the fees
paid by borrowers. The decline in estimated receipts in FY2024 is largely driven by changes in
economic projections, such as house prices and interest rates, which affect expected loan volume
and credit subsidy rates. A HUD decision to reduce the fees charged to FHA borrowers14 also
contributed to the decline.
Emergency-Designated Funding for Rental Assistance Renewals
Among the largest expenses in HUD’s budget are the annual costs of renewing rental assistance
payments for the more than three million families who are served by the Section 8 Housing
Choice Voucher and project-based rental assistance programs. The renewal costs of these two
programs—funded by the Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (TBRA) and Project-Based Rental
Assistance (PBRA) accounts, respectively—generally account for more than half of the total new
funding for HUD’s programs and activities each year.15
The final FY2023 appropriations law funded FY2023 renewal costs for these two programs using
a combination of regular appropriations (provided in Division L) and supplemental emergency-
designated funding (provided in Division N). As shown in Table 7, nearly 9% of the total funding
for rental assistance renewal costs in the TBRA and PBRA accounts in FY2023 was provided as

14 HUD Public Affairs, “Biden-Harris Administration to Save FHA Homebuyers Average $800 Annually on Mortgage
Payments Through Premium Reduction; 30 Basis Point Reduction in FHA Annual Mortgage Insurance Premium
Supports Biden-Harris Administration Goals to Make Homeownership More Affordable and Accessible for Working
Families,” press release, February 22, 2023, https://www.hud.gov/press/press_releases_media_advisories/
hud_no_23_041.
15 In FY2023, renewal funding in the TBRA and PBRA accounts, excluding emergency funding, accounted for 54.5%
of HUD’s regular gross appropriations.
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emergency designated spending, and therefore not subject to regular discretionary spending
limits, including the THUD subcommittee’s 302(b) allocations.
For FY2024, S. 2437, as reported, has proposed to fund a larger share of voucher renewal
expenses using emergency funding. As shown in Table 7, nearly a quarter of renewal funding
would be provided as emergency designated spending under S. 2437. (Neither the President’s
budget nor H.R. 4820 proposed using emergency-designated funding for rental assistance renewal
costs in FY2024.)
Table 7. Emergency Funding Share of Rental Assistance Renewal Funding
Dollars in billions
FY2023 Enacted
FY2024 Senate Comm.

Renewal
Funding
Regular $ Emerg. $ Total $
Emerg.% Regular $ Emerg. $
Total $
Emerg. %
TBRA
23.75
2.65
26.40
10.1%
22.48
5.29
27.77
19.0%
PBRA
13.60
0.97
14.56
6.7%
10.23
5.08
15.31
33.2%
Total
37.34
3.62
40.97
8.8%
32.70
10.37
43.08
24.1%
Source: FY2023 Enacted figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as
published in H.Rept. 118-154, beginning on p. 410. FY2024 Senate figures are taken from the Comparative
Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in S.Rept. 118-70, beginning on p. 219. Some figures have
been adjusted from the source material for comparability.
Program Eliminations and Reductions in H.R. 4820
The total overall new funding for HUD programs and activities—or gross appropriations—
proposed by H.R. 4820 is lower than was provided in FY2023 (-1%). This may be, in part,
because H.R. 4820 does not use emergency designations to offset some of the cost of new
appropriations as was done in FY2023 and proposed by S. 2437 (“Emergency-Designated
Funding for Rental Assistance Renewals”), particularly in light of the decline in offsetting
receipts in FY2024 (“Declining Receipts”) and the lower 302(b) allocation for FY2024 relative to
FY2023 (see Table 1).
To achieve this reduction in gross appropriations, H.R. 4820 would provide funding increases to
maintain current services in the primary rental assistance programs (+2.9% for the TBRA account
and +6.1% for the PBRA account), but would reduce funding for other programs and activities.
Slated for particularly large reductions are:
• The Choice Neighborhoods account, which would receive no funding in FY2024
(it received $350 million in FY2023). This account provides competitive grants
to fund the substantial rehabilitation of distressed public housing or other HUD-
assisted multifamily properties.
• The HOME program, which would be cut from $1.5 billion in FY2023 to $500
million in FY2024 (-66.7%). This program provides formula grants to states and
localities to be used for affordable housing purposes. H.Rept. 118-154 notes that
the HOME program received $5 billion from the American Rescue Plan Act of
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THUD Appropriations: FY2024

2021 for specific rental housing activities,16 and that only 1% of those funds had
been spent.
• The Section 202 and Section 811 accounts, which would be cut by 15.1% and
42.2%, respectively. These programs fund the development of rental housing and
provision of rental assistance for persons who are elderly or have disabilities.
H.Rept. 118-154 notes that the amounts provided would be sufficient to maintain
existing rental assistance contracts, but would not fund construction of new units.
It further notes that both programs have large balances of new construction
funding from prior years and directs the Secretary to expeditiously award those
funds.
General Provisions
Each year the THUD appropriations act includes dozens of General Provisions (GPs) for HUD,
which involve administrative guidance on how funding provided in the act should and should not
be used and, in some cases, amendments to laws that govern the agency’s programs and activities.
Many of these GPs are carried over from year to year, but some new GPs are generally added
each year.
For FY2024, the President’s budget requested several new GPs, including (but not limited to):
• An extension of the funding availability of Choice Neighborhoods grants by one
year (included in S. 2437, Sec. 232).
• Creation of a new nonrecurring expenses fund to transfer unobligated balances of
expiring discretionary funding from 2024 and thereafter , to be available until
expended for capital needs of the Department (included in H.R. 4820, Sec. 237
and S. 2437, Sec. 240).
• New funding flexibilities for tribes administering Continuum of Care grants
(included in S. 2437, Sec. 244).
• A statutory amendment to allow GNMA to securitize Section 542(c) multifamily
risk-sharing loans made by housing finance agencies and insured by FHA.
• A new statutory authorization for HUD to make direct loans to support distressed
PBRA properties.
• New rent adjustment authorities for PBRA properties (to accompany a $3 million
request in the PBRA account).
• New programmatic changes to the Rental Assistance Demonstration (RAD),
including making the program permanent (included in H.R. 4820, Sec. 232 and
S. 2437, Sec. 239).
• Authorization for HUD to use cooperative agreements when making
performance-based contract administrator awards for the PBRA program
(included in S. 2437, Sec. 251).
• A sunset of the existing Moderate Rehabilitation program to facilitate RAD
conversion of the remaining properties.

16 The HOME funding provided in the American Rescue Plan Act, known as HOME-ARP, has somewhat different
requirements related to eligible activities and eligible populations than the broader HOME program. For more
information on HOME-ARP, see https://www.hudexchange.info/programs/home-arp/.
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THUD Appropriations: FY2024

H.R. 4820, as reported, proposed a number of new GPs (in addition to accepting versions of
several of the GPs requested in the President’s budget, as noted above), including:
• several provisions related to Native American housing programs. (Sec. 238-
240);17
• a prohibition on the use of funds in the act in contravention of existing law
regarding noncitizen eligibility for or participation in federal housing programs.
(Sec. 241);
• a prohibition on the use of funding provided by this bill, or any other, from taking
action against a person “wholly or partially, on the basis that such person speaks,
or acts, in accordance with a sincerely held religious belief, or moral conviction,
that marriage is, or should be recognized as, a union of one man and one
woman.” (Sec. 431); and
• a prohibition on the provision of federal funding to local jurisdictions that refuse
to comply with federal requests for advance notice of release of a particular alien
in local custody and a similar provision in Title IV of the bill, prohibiting the use
of funds in contravention of Section 642 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and
Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996. (Sec. 432).
In addition to including some of those requested in the President’s budget (noted above), S. 2437,
as reported, also proposed several new GPs, including:
• a provision to make previously appropriated funds available for direct support for
certain small properties undergoing RAD conversion. (Sec. 241);
• guidance on the treatment of rent incentives in the Jobs-Plus public housing
program. (Sec. 243);
• several provisions related to Native American housing programs, some of which
were also included in H.R. 4820. (Secs. 245-247);18
• restrictions on residential Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) financing for
properties with mortgages insured or guaranteed by HUD. (Sec. 249 and Sec.
250);19
• a provision to extend Moving to Work contracts for 15 years. (Sec. 252);
• authority for HUD to issue a two-year Notice of Funding Opportunity for the
Continuum of Care program. (Sec. 253);20 and
• expanded waiver authority for certain special purpose Housing Choice Vouchers.
(Sec. 254).

17 While these provisions were not included in the GPs requested in the President’s budget request, HUD’s
congressional budget justifications indicated that the Department would seek changes in some of these policy areas via
the authorization process. See, for example, p. 13-4 of HUD’s FY2024 Congressional Budget Justifications.
18 While these provisions were not included in the GPs requested in the President’s budget request, HUD’s
congressional budget justifications indicated that the Department would seek changes in some of these policy areas via
the authorization process. See, for example, pp. 13-4 and 15-3 of HUD’s FY2024 Congressional Budget Justifications.
19 While these provisions were not included in the GPs requested in the President’s budget request, HUD’s
congressional budget justifications indicated that the Department would seek changes in these policy areas via the
authorization process. See pp. 13-4, 15-3, and 28-5 of HUD’s FY2024 Congressional Budget Justifications.
20 While this provision was not included in the GPs requested in the President’s budget request, HUD’s congressional
budget justifications indicated that the Department would seek changes in this policy area via the authorization process.
See p. 21-8 of HUD’s FY2024 Congressional Budget Justifications.
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THUD Appropriations: FY2024

THUD Related Agencies
The annual THUD appropriations bills generally provide funding for seven independent agencies
that undertake activities related to transportation and/or housing.
• The U.S. Access Board is an independent federal agency designed to coordinate
other federal agencies to promote accessible design and the development of
accessibility guidelines and standards to ensure access to federally-funded public
infrastructure for persons with disabilities.21
• The Federal Maritime Commission is an independent federal agency charged
with regulating U.S. ocean commerce.22
• The Amtrak Inspector General is an independent organization charged with
providing oversight of Amtrak’s programs and operations.23
• The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigates accidents,
crashes, and other events in transportation.24
• The Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (NeighborWorks America) is a
congressionally-chartered nonprofit that supports a network of community
organizations that provide affordable housing, financial counseling, and resident
engagement.25
• The Surface Transportation Board is an independent federal agency that is “the
economic regulation of various modes of surface transportation, primarily freight
rail.”26
• The Interagency Council on Homelessness is an independent federal agency
charged with coordinating the federal response to homelessness.27
Table 8. THUD Related Agencies, FY2023-FY2024 Detailed Appropriations
(dollars in millions)
FY2024
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024
Related Agency
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Comm.
Enacted
Access Board
10
10
10
10

Federal Maritime Commission
38
44
44
44

National Railroad Passenger
Corporation (Amtrak) Office of
28
30
30
29

Inspector General
National Transportation Safety Board
129
145
145
134

21 https://www.access-board.gov/about/.
22 https://www.fmc.gov/about-the-fmc/.
23 https://amtrakoig.gov/about-us.
24 https://www.ntsb.gov/about/Pages/default.aspx.
25 https://www.neighborworks.org/About-Us.
26 https://www.stb.gov/about-stb/.
27 https://www.usich.gov/about-usich/.
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link to page 24 THUD Appropriations: FY2024

FY2024
FY2024
FY2023
FY2024
House
Senate
FY2024
Related Agency
Enacted
Request
Comm.
Comm.
Enacted
Neighborhood Reinvestment
Corporation (NeighborWorks
170
172
172
170

America)
Surface Transportation Board
41
48
48
47

Offsetting Collections
-1
-1
-1
-1

U.S. Interagency Council on
4
5
4
4

Homelessness
Total
420
453
452
438

Source: FY2023 Enacted, FY2024 President’s Request, and FY2024 House figures are taken from the
Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority table, as published in H.Rept. 118-154, beginning on p. 410, as
well as congressional budget justifications. FY2024 Senate figures are taken from the Comparative Statement of
New Budget Authority table, as published in S.Rept. 118-70, beginning on p. 219. Some figures have been
adjusted for comparability.
Notes: Totals may not add or exactly match source materials due to rounding.
As shown in Table 8, all of the related agencies funded in the THUD bill would receive level or
increased funding relative to the prior year under the President’s FY2024 budget request. The
largest dollar increases were proposed for the National Transportation Safety Board (+$16
million, +12.1%) and the Surface Transportation Board (+$7 million, +16.3%).
With the exception of funding for the Interagency Council on Homelessness, H.R. 4820 would
meet the President’s request for the related agencies. S. 2437 proposes funding below the
President’s request for most of the related agencies, but would fund all at or above the FY2023
level.

Author Information

Maggie McCarty
David Randall Peterman
Specialist in Housing Policy
Analyst in Transportation Policy

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THUD Appropriations: FY2024

Disclaimer
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