Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for
Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related
Agencies (CJS)
Updated November 14, 2019
Congressional Research Service
https://crsreports.congress.gov
R45702
SUMMARY
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for
Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related
Agencies (CJS)
R45702
November 14, 2019
Nathan James
Analyst in Crime Policy
This report describes actions taken by the Trump Administration and Congress to provide
FY2020 appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts.
The annual CJS appropriations act provides funding for the Department of Commerce, which
includes agencies such as the Census Bureau, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); the Department of
Justice (DOJ), which includes agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Bureau of Prisons (BOP), the
U.S. Marshals, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and the U.S. Attorneys; the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA); the National Science Foundation (NSF); and several related agencies such as the Legal Services
Corporation and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
On September 27, 2019, President Trump signed into law the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Health Extenders
Agencies (CJS)
Updated December 10, 2019
(R45702)
Jump to Main Text of Report
Contents
Tables
- Table 1. Funding for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS), FY2019 and FY2020
- Table 2. Supplemental Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS), FY2019
- Table 3. Supplemental Request for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS), FY2020
- Table 4. Nominal Funding for CJS Agencies, by Account, FY2010-FY2019
Summary
This report describes actions taken by the Trump Administration and Congress to provide FY2020 appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. The annual CJS appropriations act provides funding for the Department of Commerce, which includes agencies such as the Census Bureau, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); the Department of Justice (DOJ), which includes agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Bureau of Prisons (BOP), the U.S. Marshals, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and the U.S. Attorneys; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); the National Science Foundation (NSF); and several related agencies such as the Legal Services Corporation and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
On September 27, 2019, President Trump signed into law the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Health Extenders Act of 2019 (CR, P.L. 116-59). The CR, with a few exceptions, allows agencies funded through the annual CJS appropriation
act to continue to obligate funding at the rate provided in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 (
P.L. 116-6). The provisions of the CR, with some changes, were extended until December 20, 2019, by the Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further Health Extenders Act of 2019 (P.L. 116-69).
P.L. 116-6) until
November 21, 2019, or until the FY2020 CJS appropriations act is signed into law.
For FY2019, CJS agencies received a total of $74.068 billion, which includes $72.908 billion in regular funding provided
pursuant to the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 (P.L. 116-6), $940 million in supplemental funding provided pursuant
to the Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act, 2019 (P.L. 116-20), and $220 million provided
pursuant to the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Humanitarian Assistance and Security at the Southern Border
Act, 2019 (P.L. 116-26
).
).
The Administration
’'s initial request for CJS for FY2020 is $71.732 billion, which includes $12.475 billion for the
Department of Commerce, $30.612 billion for the Department of Justice, $28.092 billion for the science agencies, and $552
million for the related agencies. On May 13, 2019, the Administration submitted a supplemental budget request to Congress,
which includes a requested $1.597 billion for NASA to aid their efforts to return astronauts to the Moon by 2024. The
Administration’ Administration's FY2020 budget proposes eliminating several CJS agencies and programs, including the Economic
Development Administration, the Community Oriented Policing Services Office, NASA
’'s STEM Engagement Office
(formerly the Office of Education), and the Legal Services Corporation. The Administration proposes reducing funding for
many accounts in CJS, though there are a few exceptions—the most notable of which is the proposed $2.334 billion increase
for the Census Bureau
’'s Periodic Censuses and Programs account. The increased funding is requested to help the Census
Bureau conduct the decennial 2020 Census.
The CJS appropriations bill passed by the House would provide a total of $80.534 billion for CJS for FY2020. The House
passed bill includes $16.433 billion for the Department of Commerce, $31.998 billion for DOJ, $30.959 billion for the
science agencies, and $1.143 billion for the related agencies. The proposed increase in funding relative to both the FY2019
enacted appropriation and the Administration
’'s request is partially attributable to the proposed increase in funding for the
Census Bureau to help it conduct the 2020 decennial census ($4.629 billion, or 121.1%, more than the FY2019 enacted
appropriation and $2.301 billion, or 37.4%, more than the Administration
’'s request). The House also proposed increases for
many other CJS accounts relative to the FY2019 enacted amount and the Administration
’'s request. The House declined to
adopt many of the Administration
’'s proposals to eliminate several CJS agencies and programs.
The Senate passed bill would provide a total of $79.716 billion for CJS. The bill includes $15.197 billion for the Department
of Commerce, $32.446 billion for DOJ, $31.075 billion for the science agencies, and $999 million for the related agencies.
Like the House bill, the funding increase for CJS proposed in the Senate bill is partially attributable to a proposed increase in
funding for the Census Bureau to conduct the 2020 decennial census ($3.737 billion, or 97.8%, more than the FY2019
enacted appropriation and $1.409 billion, or 22.9%, more than the Administration
’'s request). The Senate bill would increase
funding for many CJS accounts relative to the FY2019 enacted amount or the Administration
’'s request. Like the House, the
Senate declined to adopt many of the Administration
’s proposals to eliminate several CJS agencies and programs.
Congressional Research Service
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
Contents
CJS Under the Continuing Resolution ............................................................................................ 1
Overview of CJS ............................................................................................................................. 1
Department of Commerce ......................................................................................................... 2
Department of Justice ................................................................................................................ 3
Science Offices and Agencies ................................................................................................... 4
Office of Science and Technology Policy ........................................................................... 4
The National Space Council ............................................................................................... 4
National Science Foundation .............................................................................................. 4
National Aeronautics and Space Administration ................................................................ 5
Related Agencies ....................................................................................................................... 5
FY2019 Enacted Funding ................................................................................................................ 6
The Administration’s FY2020 Budget Request............................................................................... 6
The House Passed Bill ..................................................................................................................... 8
The Senate Passed Bill .................................................................................................................. 10
Historical Funding for CJS ............................................................................................................ 17
Figures
Figure 1. Nominal and Inflation-Adjusted Funding for CJS, FY2010-FY2019............................ 18
Figure 2. Nominal Total CJS Funding, by Major Component, FY2010-FY2019 ......................... 20
Tables
Table 1. Funding for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS), FY2019
and FY2020 .................................................................................................................................11
Table 2. Supplemental Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related
Agencies (CJS), FY2019 ............................................................................................................ 16
Table 3. Supplemental Request for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
(CJS), FY2020 ............................................................................................................................ 17
Table 4. Nominal Funding for CJS Agencies, by Account, FY2010-FY2019............................... 21
Contacts
Author Information........................................................................................................................ 25
Congressional Research Service
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
T
's proposals to eliminate several CJS agencies and programs.
This report describes actions taken by the Administration and Congress to provide FY2020
appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts.
The dollar amounts in this report reflect only new appropriations made available at the
start of the fiscal year. Therefore, the amounts do not include any rescissions of unobligated or
deobligated balances that may be counted as offsets to newly enacted appropriations, nor do they
include any scorekeeping adjustments (e.g., the budgetary effects of provisions limiting the
availability of the balance in the Crime Victims Fund). In the text of the report, appropriations are
rounded to the nearest million. However, percentage changes are calculated using whole, not
rounded, numbers, meaning that in some instances there may be small differences between the
actual percentage change and the percentage change that would be calculated by using the
rounded amounts discussed in the report.
CJS Under the Continuing Resolution
On September 27, 2019, President Trump signed into law the Continuing Appropriations Act,
2020, and Health Extenders Act of 2019 (CR, P.L. 116-59
).1 This act extended FY2019-enacted funding levels, with a few exceptions, for CJS agencies until November 21, 2019. The Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further Health Extenders Act of). The CR allows agencies funded
through the annual CJS appropriation act to continue to obligate funding at the level provided in
the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 (
P.L. 116-69) extended the provisions of the CR, with some changes, until December 20, 2019. The CR contains a few anomalies (i.e., P.L. 116-6) until November 21, 2019, or until the
FY2020 CJS appropriations act is signed into law.1 The CR contained a few anomalies (i.e.,
exceptions to the duration, rate, or amount provided by the CR) that apply to CJS agencies:
The CR states that the $674.0 million rescission on the Assets Forfeiture Fund
that was enacted as a part of P.L. 116-6 will not be in effect for the duration of the
CR.
The CR allows the U.S. International Trade Commission to apportion funding at
a rate necessary to meet the commission
’'s responsibilities under the American
Manufacturing Competitiveness Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-159
).2
).2
The CR allows the Census Bureau to draw on money from the Periodic Censuses
and Programs account—which includes the decennial census and other major
programs such as the economic census, the census of governments, and
intercensal demographic estimates, together with geographic and data-processing
support—at
the rate necessary to maintain the schedule and deliver the required
data according to the statutory deadlines in the 2020 Decennial Census Program.
a rate of $7.284 billion.Overview of CJS
The annual CJS appropriations act provides funding for the Departments of Commerce and
Justice, select science agencies, and several related agencies. Appropriations for the Department
of Commerce include funding for agencies such as the Census Bureau, the U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the National
Institute of Standards and Technology. Appropriations for the Department of Justice (DOJ)
provide funding for agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation; the Bureau of Prisons;
the U.S. Marshals; the Drug Enforcement Administration; and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco,
1
For an overview of the general contents of continuing resolutions, see CRS Report R42647, Continuing Resolutions:
Overview of Components and Practices.
2 For more information on the International Trade Commission’s responsibilities under P.L. 114-159, see CRS In Focus
IF10478, Miscellaneous Tariff Bills (MTBs).
Congressional Research Service
1
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
Firearms, and Explosives, along with funding for a variety of public safety-related grant programs
for state, local, and tribal governments. The vast majority of funding for the science agencies goes
to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation.
33 The
annual appropriation for the related agencies includes funding for agencies such as the Legal
Services Corporation and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
Department of Commerce
The mission of the Department of Commerce is to
“"create the conditions for economic growth
and opportunity.
”4"4 The department promotes
“"job creation and economic growth by ensuring fair
and reciprocal trade, providing the data necessary to support commerce and constitutional
democracy, and fostering innovation by setting standards and conducting foundational research
and development.
”5"5 It has wide-ranging responsibilities including trade, economic development,
technology, entrepreneurship and business development, monitoring the environment, forecasting
weather, managing marine resources, and statistical research and analysis. The department
pursues and implements policies that affect trade and economic development by working to open
new markets for U.S. goods and services and promoting pro-growth business policies. It also
invests in research and development to foster innovation.
The agencies within the Department of Commerce, and their responsibilities, include the
following:
International Trade Administration (ITA) seeks to strengthen the international
competitiveness of U.S. industry, promote trade and investment, and ensure fair
trade and compliance with trade laws and agreements;
Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) works to ensure an effective export control
and treaty compliance system and promote continued U.S. leadership in strategic
technologies by maintaining and strengthening adaptable, efficient, and effective
export controls and treaty compliance systems, along with active leadership and
involvement in international export control regimes;
Economic Development Administration (EDA) promotes innovation and
competitiveness, preparing American regions for growth and success in the
worldwide economy;
Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) promotes the growth of
minority owned businesses through the mobilization and advancement of public
and private sector programs, policy, and research;
Economics and Statistics Administration (ESA) is a federal statistical agency that
promotes a better understanding of the U.S. economy by providing timely,
relevant, and accurate economic accounts data in an objective and cost-effective
manner;
Census Bureau, a component of ESA, measures and disseminates information
about the U.S. economy, society, and institutions, which fosters economic
growth, advances scientific understanding, and facilitates informed decisions;
3
Note that the science agencies funded in the CJS bill are not the only federal science agencies.
U.S. Department of Commerce, “About Commerce: Mission,” https://www.commerce.gov/page/aboutcommerce#mission.
5 Ibid.
4
Congressional Research Service
2
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) advises the
President on communications and information policy;
United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) fosters innovation,
competitiveness, and economic growth domestically and abroad by providing
high-quality and timely examination of patent and trademark applications,
guiding domestic and international intellectual property (IP) policy, and
delivering IP information and education worldwide;
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) promotes U.S. innovation
and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards,
and technology enhancing economic security; and
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) provides daily
weather forecasts, severe storm warnings, climate monitoring, fisheries
management, coastal restoration, and support of marine commerce.
Department of Justice
DOJ’
DOJ's mission is to
“"enforce the law and defend the interests of the United States according to
the law; to ensure public safety against threats foreign and domestic; to provide federal leadership
in preventing and controlling crime; to seek just punishment for those guilty of unlawful
behavior; and to ensure fair and impartial administration of justice for all Americans.
”6"6 DOJ also
provides legal advice and opinions, upon request, to the President and executive branch
department heads.
The major DOJ offices and agencies, and their functions, are described below:
6
Office of the United States Attorneys prosecutes violations of federal criminal
laws, represents the federal government in civil actions, and initiates proceedings
for the collection of fines, penalties, and forfeitures owed to the United States;
United States Marshals Service (USMS) provides security for the federal
judiciary, protects witnesses, executes warrants and court orders, manages seized
assets, detains and transports alleged and convicted offenders prior to sentencing
to their court hearings, and apprehends fugitives;
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) investigates violations of federal criminal
law; helps protect the United States against terrorism and hostile intelligence
efforts; provides assistance to other federal, state, and local law enforcement
agencies; and shares jurisdiction with the Drug Enforcement Administration for
the investigation of federal drug violations;
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) investigates federal drug law
violations; coordinates its efforts with other federal, state, and local law
enforcement agencies; develops and maintains drug intelligence systems;
regulates the manufacture, distribution, and dispensing of legitimate controlled
substances; and conducts joint intelligence-gathering activities with foreign
governments;
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) enforces federal
law related to the manufacture, importation, and distribution of alcohol, tobacco,
firearms, and explosives;
U.S. Department of Justice, “About DOJ,” http://www.justice.gov/about/about.html.
Congressional Research Service
3
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
firearms, and explosives;
Federal Prison System
( (Bureau of Prisons; BOP) houses offenders sentenced to a
term of incarceration for a federal crime and provides for the operation and
maintenance of the federal prison system;
Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) provides federal leadership in
developing the nation
’'s capacity to reduce violence against women and
administer justice for and strengthen services to victims of domestic violence,
dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking;
Office of Justice Programs (OJP) manages and coordinates the activities of the
Bureau of Justice Assistance; Bureau of Justice Statistics; National Institute of
Justice; Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention; Office of Sex
Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking; and
Office of Victims of Crime; and
Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) advances the practice of
community policing by the nation
’'s state, local, territorial, and tribal law
enforcement agencies through information and grant resources.
Science Offices and Agencies
The science offices and agencies support research and development and related activities across a
wide variety of federal missions, including national competitiveness, space exploration, and
fundamental discovery.
Office of Science and Technology Policy
The primary function of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) is to provide the
President and others within the Executive Office of the President with advice on the scientific,
engineering, and technological aspects of issues that require the attention of the federal
government.
77 The OSTP director also manages the National Science and Technology Council,
8
8 which coordinates science and technology policy across the executive branch of the federal
government, and cochairs the President
’'s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology,
9 a
9 a council of external advisors that provides advice to the President on matters related to science and
technology policy.
The National Space Council
The National Space Council, in the Executive Office of the President, is a coordinating body for
U.S. space policy. Chaired by the Vice President, it consists of the Secretaries of State, Defense,
Commerce, Transportation, and Homeland Security; the Administrator of NASA; and other senior
officials. The council previously existed from 1988 to 1993 and was reestablished by the Trump
Administration in June 2017.
National Science Foundation
The National Science Foundation (NSF) supports basic research and education in the nonmedical
sciences and engineering. The foundation was established as an independent federal agency
“to
7
National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-282).
Executive Order 12881 established the National Science and Technology Council.
9 Executive Order 13539 established the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology.
8
Congressional Research Service
4
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
"to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure
the national defense; and for other purposes.
”10"10 The NSF is a primary source of federal support
for U.S. university research in the nonmedical sciences and engineering. It is also responsible for
significant shares of the federal science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
education program portfolio and federal STEM student aid and support.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was created to conduct civilian
space and aeronautics activities.
1111 It has four mission directorates. The Human Exploration and
Operations Mission Directorate is responsible for human spaceflight activities, including the
International Space Station and development efforts for future crewed spacecraft. The Science
Mission Directorate manages robotic science missions, such as the Hubble Space Telescope, the
Mars rover Curiosity, and satellites for Earth science research. The Space Technology Mission
Directorate develops new technologies for use in future space missions, such as advanced
propulsion and laser communications. The Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate conducts
research and development on aircraft and aviation systems. In addition, NASA
’'s Office of STEM
Engagement (formerly the Office of Education) manages education programs for schoolchildren,
college and university students, and the general public.
Related Agencies
Related Agencies
The annual CJS appropriations act includes funding for several related agencies:
10
11
U.S. Commission on Civil Rights informs the development of national civil rights
policy and enhances enforcement of federal civil rights laws;
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is responsible for enforcing federal
laws that make it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant or an employee
because of the person
’'s race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy, gender
identity, and sexual orientation), national origin, age (40 or older), disability, or
genetic information;
International Trade Commission investigates the effects of dumped and
subsidized imports on domestic industries and conducts global safeguard
investigations, adjudicates cases involving imports that allegedly infringe
intellectual property rights, and serves as a resource for trade data and other trade
policy-related information;
Legal Services Corporation is a federally funded nonprofit corporation that
provides financial support for civil legal aid to low-income Americans;
Marine Mammal Commission works for the conservation of marine mammals by
providing science-based oversight of domestic and international policies and
actions of federal agencies with a mandate to address human effects on marine
mammals and their ecosystems;
Office of the U.S. Trade Representative is responsible for developing and
coordinating U.S. international trade, commodity, and direct investment policy,
and overseeing negotiations with other countries; and
The National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (P.L. 81-507).
National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-568).
Congressional Research Service
5
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
State Justice Institute is a federally funded nonprofit corporation that awards
grants to improve the quality of justice in state courts and foster innovative,
efficient solutions to common issues faced by all courts.
FY2019 Enacted Funding
For FY2019, Congress and the President provided a total of $74.068 billion for CJS. This
included $72.908 billion in regular funding provided pursuant to the Consolidated Appropriations
Act, 2019 (P.L. 116-6, see Table 1), $940 million in supplemental funding provided pursuant to
the Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act, 2019 (P.L. 116-20), and $220
million in supplemental funding provided pursuant to the Emergency Supplemental
Appropriations for Humanitarian Assistance and Security at the Southern Border Act, 2019 (P.L.
116-26) (see Table 2). The Department of Commerce received $12.309 billion ($11.414 billion in
regular funding and $896 million in supplemental funding), the Department of Justice received
$31.184 billion ($30.934 billion in regular funding and $250 million in supplemental funding),
the science agencies received $29.583 billion, and the related agencies received $992 million
($977 million in regular funding and $15 million in supplemental funding).
Comparisons in this report between FY2019 enacted funding and the Administration
’'s FY2020
request and the House passed amounts are based on FY2019 regular funding (i.e., FY2019
enacted funding
excludingexcluding supplemental appropriations).
The Administration
’'s FY2020 Budget Request
The Administration
’'s initial request for CJS for FY2020 is $71.732 billion, which is $1.176
billion (-1.6%) less than the $72.908 billion appropriated for CJS for FY2019 (see Table 1). On
May 13, 2019, the Administration submitted a supplemental request to Congress, which included
$1.597 billion for NASA (see Table 3). The requested increase in funding was to aid NASA
’s
's efforts to return astronauts to the Moon by 2024.
When comparing the Administration
’'s FY2020 request to the FY2019 funding, it should be
considered that the Administration formulated its FY2020 budget request before full-year
appropriations for FY2019 were enacted.
The Administration
’'s initial request includes the following:
$12.475 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $1.061 billion
(+9.3%) more than FY2019 enacted funding;
$30.612 billion for the Department of Justice, which is $322 million (-1.0%) less
than FY2019 enacted funding;
$28.092 billion for the science agencies, which is $1.491 billion (-5.0%) less than
FY2019 enacted funding; and
$552 million for the related agencies, which is $425 million (-43.5%) less than
FY2019 enacted funding.
The increase in funding for the Department of Commerce is almost entirely the result of a
proposed $2.334 billion (+65.7%) increase for the Census Bureau
’'s Periodic Censuses and
Programs account. The funding is requested to help the Census Bureau conduct the decennial
2020 Census.
Congressional Research Service
6
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
2020 Census.
The Administration
’'s FY2020 budget for CJS proposes eliminating the following agencies and
programs:
EDA,
NIST’ programs:EDA,
NIST's Manufacturing Extension Partnership,
NOAA’
NOAA's Pacific Coastal Salmon Recovery Fund,
the Community Relations Service (its functions would be moved to DOJ
’'s Civil
Rights Division),
the COPS Office (grants for community policing activities would be moved to
OJP),
NASA’
NASA's Office of STEM Engagement (formerly the Office of Education), and
the Legal Services Corporation.
The Administration requests some funding for the EDA ($30 million) and Legal Services
Corporation ($18 million) to help provide for an orderly closeout of these agencies.
The Administration proposes a $30 million (-75.0%) reduction for the Minority Business
Development Administration. It proposes to change the agency
’'s focus to being a policy office
that concentrates on advocating for the minority business community as a whole rather than
supporting individual minority business enterprises.
The Administration proposes to move funding for the High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas
(HIDTA) program to the DEA. Currently, HIDTA funding is administered by the Office of
National Drug Control Policy.
The Administration
’'s requested funding for many CJS accounts is below FY2019 levels;
however, there are a few exceptions, which include the following:
BIS (+$10 million, +8.1%),
Economic and Statistical Analysis (+$7 million, +6.9%),
NTIA (+$3 million, +7.4%),
the Executive Office of Immigration Review (+$110 million, +19.6%),
DOJ’
DOJ's general legal activities (+$23 million, +2.6%),
the U.S. Marshals
’' Federal Prisoner Detention account (+$324 million, +20.3%),
DOJ’
DOJ's National Security Division (+$8 million, +8.1%),
ATF (+$52 million, +3.9%), and
the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (+$6 million, +11.3%).
The Administration proposes renaming three of NASA
’'s accounts: the Space Technology account
would be changed to the Exploration Technology account, the Exploration account would be
changed to the Deep Space Exploration Systems account, and the Space Operations account
would be changed to the Low Earth Orbit and Spaceflight Operations account. Unlike the
Administration’ Administration's FY2019 budget, which proposed a new account structure for NASA, the
FY2020 budget proposal does not appear to include a realignment of items that would be funded
from these accounts.12
For more information on the Administration’s FY2019 budget request for NASA, see CRS Report R45237, Overview
of FY2019 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS).
12
Congressional Research Service
7
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
from these accounts.12
The Administration
’'s FY2020 budget includes a proposal to establish a Federal Capital Revolving
Fund, which would be administered by the General Services Administration (GSA). The
Administration proposes to transfer $288 million from the proposed fund to NIST
’'s Construction
of Research Facilities account for renovating NIST
’'s Building 1 in Boulder, CO, to be repaid by
NIST from future appropriations at $19 million per year for 15 years.
The annual CJS appropriations act traditionally includes an obligation cap of funds expended
from the Crime Victims Fund (CVF).
1313 The Administration
’'s FY2020 budget does not include a
proposed obligation cap for the CVF. Rather, the Administration proposes a new $2.300 billion
annual mandatory appropriation for crime victims programs. Within this amount, $492.5 million
would be for the OVW, $10.0 million would be for oversight of OVC programs by the OIG,
$12.0 million would be for developing innovative crime victims services initiatives, and a
setasideset-aside of up to $115.0 million would be for tribal victims assistance grants. From the remaining
amount, the Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) would provide formula and
non-formulanonformula grants to
the states to support crime victim compensation and victims services programs.
Also, the Administration
’'s budget includes a proposal to transfer all of the ATF
’'s responsibilities
related to alcohol and tobacco enforcement to the Department of the Treasury
’'s Tax and Trade
Bureau. The Administration argues that the proposed realignment would allow the ATF to focus
on its efforts to prevent violent crime. The proposal does not affect how much the Administration
requests for the ATF for FY2020.
The House Passed Bill
On June 25, 2019, the House passed an amended version of H.R. 3055, which contains the
FY2020 CJS appropriations bill (Division A) along with the FY2020 Agriculture; Interior and
Environment; Military Construction and Veterans Affairs; and Transportation and Housing and
Urban Development appropriations bills. The House recommends a total of $80.534 billion for
CJS for FY2020. This amount is $7.626 billion (+10.5%) greater than the FY2019 enacted
appropriation and $8.802 billion (+12.3%) greater than the Administration
’'s initial request for
CJS.
14
14
The House passed bill includes the following:
$16.433 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $5.019 billion
(+44.0%) more than the FY2019 enacted appropriation and $3.958 billion
(+31.7%) more than the Administration
’'s request;
$31.998 billion for the Department of Justice, which is $1.064 billion (+3.4%)
more than the FY2019 enacted appropriation and $1.386 billion (+4.5%) more
than the Administration
’'s request;
$30.959 billion for the science agencies, which is $1.377 billion (+4.7%) more
than the FY2019 enacted appropriation and $2.867 billion (+10.2%) more than
the Administration
’s initial request; and
13
For more information on how the CVF is funded, see CRS Report R42672, The Crime Victims Fund: Federal
Support for Victims of Crime.
14 In the report to accompany H.R. 3055 (H.Rept. 116-101), the committee compares amounts in the bill for NASA to
the Administration’s initial request, not the amount after the Administration submitted its supplemental request. For the
sake of consistency, this report will compare amounts in H.R. 3055 to the Administration’s initial request when
discussing differences between the Administration’s request and totals for the bill, the science agencies, NASA, or the
Science, Space Technology, or Exploration accounts.
Congressional Research Service
8
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
's initial request; and
$1.143 billion for the related agencies, which is $166 million (+17.0%) more
than the FY2019 enacted appropriation and $591 million (+107.0%) more than
the Administration
’'s request.
The increase in funding for CJS proposed by the House relative to both the FY2019 enacted
appropriation and the Administration
’'s request is partially attributable to the proposed increase in
funding for the Census Bureau to help it conduct the 2020 decennial census ($4.629 billion, or
121.1%, more than the FY2019 enacted appropriation and $2.301 billion, or 37.4%, more than the
Administration’ Administration's request).
The House recommends increased funding for nearly all CJS accounts for FY2020 relative to the
FY2019 enacted appropriation. However, there are a few exceptions, including the following:
NOAA’NOAA's Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction account (-$259
million, -14.8%);
the FBI
’'s Construction account (-$333 million, -86.5%);
the BOP
’'s Buildings and Facilities account (-$114 million, -43.2%);
NASA’
NASA's Aeronautics account (-$25 million, -3.4%);
NASA’
NASA's Space Operations account (-$353 million, -7.6%); and
NSF’
NSF's Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction account (-$73
million, -24.5%).
The increased funding proposed by the House relative to the Administration
’'s initial request is
partially attributable to the House declining to adopt the Administration
’'s proposals to eliminate
several agencies and programs enumerated previously. The House also recommends funding
above the levels requested by the Administration for many of CJS
’'s accounts. Alternatively, there
were a few instances where the House recommended funding below the Administration
’'s request,
including the following:
The U.S. Marshals
’' Federal Prisoner Detention account (-$88 million, -4.7%);
OJP’
OJP's Research, Evaluations, and Statistics account (-$13 million, -13.2%);
DOJ’
DOJ's General Administration Salaries and Expenses account (-$36
million, -31.1%);
NASA’
NASA's Construction and Environmental Compliance and Restoration account
(-$103 million, -17.2%); and
the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (-$2 million, -3.4%).
The House declined to supplement funding for NIST
’'s Construction of Research Facilities
account with a transfer from the Federal Capital Revolving Fund proposed by the Administration.
In addition, the House declined to adopt the Administration
’'s proposal to fund crime victims
programs with a new mandatory appropriation. The House also declined to adopt the
Administration’ Administration's proposal to transfer the HIDTA program to the DEA. The report to accompany
the committee-reported version of H.R. 3055 does not discuss the Administration
’'s proposal to
transfer some of the ATF
’'s responsibilities to the Department of the Treasury
’'s Tax and Trade
Bureau.
H.R. 3055 contains a general provision that would prohibit the Department of Commerce from
using any
“"of the funds made available in this Act or any other Act
”" to
“"incorporate into the 2020
Decennial Census any question that was not included in the 2018 End-to-End Census Test in
Providence County, Rhode Island.
”" This provision would prevent the department from adding a
question about citizenship status to the 2020 census form.
Congressional Research Service
9
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
The Senate Passed Bill
On October 31, 2019, the Senate passed an amendment in the nature of a substitute to H.R. 3055
.
. The amended version of H.R. 3055 contains the FY2020 CJS appropriations bill (Division A)
along with the FY2020 Agriculture; Interior and Environment; and Transportation and Housing
and Urban Development appropriations bills. The Senate bill would provide a total of $79.716
billion for CJS, which is $6.809 billion (+9.3%) more than the FY2019 enacted appropriation and
$7.985 billion (+11.1%) more than the Administration
’'s initial request for CJS.
The Senate bill includes the following:
$15.197 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $3.783
billion (+33.1%)
more than the FY2019 enacted amount and $2.722 billion (+21.8%) more than
the Administration
’'s request;
$32.446 billion for the Department of Justice, which is $1.512 billion (+4.9%)
more than the FY2019 enacted amount and $1.834 billion (+6.0%) more than the
Administration’ Administration's request;
$31.075 billion for the science agencies, which is $1.492 billion (+5.0%) more
than the FY2019 enacted amount and $2.983 billion (+10.6%) more than the
Administration’ Administration's initial request; and
$999 million for the related agencies, which is $21 million (+2.2%) more than
the FY2019 enacted amount and $446 million (+80.8%) more than the
Administration’ Administration's request.
Like the House passed bill, the increase in funding for CJS proposed by the Senate relative to
both the FY2019 enacted appropriation and the Administration
’'s request is partially attributable
to the proposed increase in funding for the Census Bureau to help it conduct the 2020 decennial
census ($3.737 billion, or 97.8%, more than the FY2019 enacted appropriation and $1.409
billion, or 22.9%, more than the Administration
’'s request). The Senate also proposed increases
for many other CJS accounts relative to the FY2019 enacted amount and the Administration
’s
request.
's request.
The Senate bill would provide increased funding for many of the accounts in CJS relative to the
FY2019 enacted appropriation, with some of the following exceptions:
NOAA’NOAA's Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction account (-$203
million, -11.6%);
DOJ’
DOJ's Interagency Law Enforcement account (-$10 million, -1.7%);
NASA’
NASA's Space Operations account (-$489 million, -10.5%); and
NSF’
NSF's Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction account (-$43
million, -14.4%).
In addition, the Senate recommends eliminating funding for NOAA
’'s Fisheries Disaster
Assistance account (-$15 million).
Like the House, the Senate declined to adopt the Administration
’'s proposals to eliminate several
agencies and programs enumerated previously, which partially explains the proposed increased
funding for CJS relative to the Administration
’'s initial request. The Senate also recommends
funding above the levels requested by the Administration for many of CJS
’'s accounts. However,
there are some cases where the Senate
’'s recommended funding is below the Administration
’s
's request, including the following:
Congressional Research Service
10
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
DOJ’DOJ's General Legal Activities account (-$3 million, -0.4%);
DOJ’
DOJ's Research, Evaluation, and Statistics account (-$15 million, -15.3%);
NASA’
NASA's Space Operations account (-$136 million, -3.2%);
NASA’
NASA's Safety, Security, and Mission Services account (-$150 million, -4.9%);
NASA’
NASA's Construction and Environmental Compliance account (-$76
million, -12.7%); and
Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (-$5 million, -8.5%).
Like the House, the Senate declined to supplement funding for NIST
’'s Construction of Research
Facilities account with a transfer from the Federal Capital Revolving Fund, fund crime victims
programs with a new mandatory appropriation, or transfer the HIDTA program to the DEA. The
report to accompany S. 2584 (the committee reported FY2020 CJS appropriations bill, which was
incorporated into the Senate amendment to H.R. 3055) does not discuss the Administration
’s
's proposal to transfer some of the ATF
’'s responsibilities to the Department of the Treasury
’'s Tax
and Trade Bureau.
Table 1 outlines the FY2019 funding, the Administration
’'s FY2020 request, and the House and
the Senate passed amounts for the Department of Commerce, the Department of Justice, the
science agencies, and the related agencies.
Table 1. Funding for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS),
FY2019 and FY2020
Appropriations in millions of dollars
Departments and
Related Agencies
FY2019
Enacted
FY2020
Administration’s
Request
FY2020
House
Passed
FY2020
Senate
Passed
FY2020
Enacted
Department of Commerce
International Trade
Administration
$484.0
$460.1
$521.0
$510.3
Bureau of Industry and Security
118.1
127.7
127.7
127.7
Economic Development
Administration
304.0
30.0
540.0
319.5
(265.0)
—
(498.4)
(279.5)
(39.0)
(30.0)
(41.7)
(40.0)
40.0
10.0
44.0
40.0
101.0
108.0
108.0
107.0
3,821.4
6,149.4
8,450.0
7,558.3
(270.0)
(264.0)
(275.0)
(274.0)
(3,551.4)
(5,885.4)
(8,175.0)a
(7,284.3)b
39.5
42.4
42.4
42.4
Economic Development
Assistance Programs
Salaries and Expenses
Minority Business Development
Agency
Economics and Statistics
Administration (excluding
Census)
Census Bureau
Current Surveys and
Programs
Periodic Censuses and
Programs
National Telecommunications
and Information Administration
Congressional Research Service
11
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
Departments and
Related Agencies
FY2019
Enacted
FY2020
Administration’s
Request
FY2020
House
Passed
FY2020
Senate
Passed
FY2020
Enacted
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
(USPTO)c
3,370.0
3,450.7
3,450.7
3,450.7
Offsetting Fee Receipts (USPTO)
-3,370.0
-3,450.7
-3,450.7
-3,450.7
985.5
955.6
1,040.2
1,038.0
Scientific and Technical
Research and Services
(724.5)
(611.7)
(751.0)
(753.5)
Industrial Technology
Services
(155.0)
(15.2)
(169.2)
(161.5)
Manufacturing Extension
Partnership
(140.0)
—
(154.0)
(145.5)
National Network for
Manufacturing Innovation
(15.0)
(15.2)
(15.2)
(16.0)
Construction of Research
Facilities, new appropriation
(106.0)
(40.7)
(120.0)
(123.0)
—
(288.0)d
—
—
5,424.7
4,457.0
5,489.0
5,337.3
Operations, Research, and
Facilitiese
(3,597.0)
(3,058.4)
(3,920.5)
(3,727.5)
Procurement, Acquisition,
and Construction
(1,755.4)
(1,406.2)
(1,496.0)
(1,552.5)
(65.0)
—
(65.0)
(65.0)
Fishermen’s Contingency
Fund
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
Fisheries Finance Program
Account
(-8.0)
(-8.0)
(-8.0)
(-8.0)
Fisheries Disaster Assistance
(15.0)
—
(15.0)
—
95.7
135.3
71.2
116.7
11,413.9
12,475.3
16,433.4
15,197.2
805.4
919.2
887.4
921.6
(113.0)
(114.7)
(79.0)
(114.7)
(32.0)
(33.9)
(33.9)
(32.9)
(559.4)
(669.0)
(669.0)
(669.0)
National Institute of Standards
and Technology
Construction of Research
Facilities, transfer from
Federal Capital Revolving
Fund (legislative proposal)
National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration
Pacific Coast Salmon
Recovery
Departmental Management
Subtotal: Department of
Commerce
Department of Justice
General Administration
General Administration
Salaries and Expenses
Justice Information Sharing
Technology
Executive Office of
Immigration Review
Congressional Research Service
12
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
Departments and
Related Agencies
Office of the Inspector
General
FY2019
Enacted
FY2020
Administration’s
Request
FY2020
House
Passed
FY2020
Senate
Passed
FY2020
Enacted
(101.0)
(101.6)
(105.5)
(105.0)
13.0
13.3
13.3
13.3
3,329.4
3,431.8
3,531.2
3,468.2
(904.0)
(927.5)
(934.6)
(924.0)
(2,212.0)
(2,254.5)
(2,329.8)
(2,278.4)
(165.0)
(166.8)
(166.8)
(166.8)
(-136.0)
(-141.0)
(-141.0)
(-141.0)
(226.0)
(227.2)
(227.2)
(227.2)
Offsetting Fee Collections
(U.S. Trustee Program)
(-360.0)
(-309.0)
(-309.0)
(-309.0)
Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission
(2.4)
(2.3)
(2.3)
(2.3)
Fees and Expenses of
Witnesses
(270.0)
(270.0)
(270.0)
(270.0)
Community Relations
Service
(15.5)
—
(17.0)
(16.0)
Assets Forfeiture Fundf
(20.5)
(20.5)
(20.5)
(20.5)
Vaccine Injury
Compensation Trust Fund
(10.0)
(13.0)
(13.0)
(13.0)
United States Marshals Service
2,925.4
3,255.8
3,252.1
3,294.5
(1,358.0)
(1,373.4)
(1,444.6)
(1,410.0)
(15.0)
(15.0)
(15.0)
(17.0)
(1,552.4)
(1,867.5)
(1,779.5)
(1,867.5)
National Security Division
101.4
109.6
110.6
110.0
Interagency Law Enforcement
560.0
550.5
570.0
550.5
9,577.1
9,309.3
9,507.8
9,952.9
(9,192.1)
(9,257.4)
(9,455.9)
(9,467.9)
Construction
(385.0)
(51.9)
(51.9)
(485.0)
Drug Enforcement
Administration
2,267.0
2,533.2
2,351.9
2,340.0
(2,267.0)
(2,279.2)
(2,351.9)
(2,340.0)
—
(254.0)
—
—
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco,
Firearms and Explosives
1,316.7
1,368.4
1,439.0
1,370.0
Federal Prison System
7,516.7
7,163.9
7,477.7
7,762.7
(7,250.0)
(7,062.0)
(7,325.0)
(7,470.0)
U.S. Parole Commission
Legal Activities
General legal activities
United States Attorneys
Antitrust Division
Offsetting Fee Collections
(Antitrust Division)
U.S. Trustee Program
Salaries and Expenses
Construction
Federal Prisoner Detention
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Salaries and Expenses
Salaries and Expenses
High Intensity Drug
Trafficking Areas
Salaries and Expenses
Congressional Research Service
13
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
Departments and
Related Agencies
Building and Facilities
FY2019
Enacted
FY2020
Administration’s
Request
FY2020
House
Passed
FY2020
Senate
Passed
FY2020
Enacted
(264.0)
(99.2)
(150.0)
(290.0)
(2.7)
(2.7)
(2.7)
(2.7)
Office on Violence Against
Women
—g
—h
—i
—j
Office of Justice Programs
2,218.8
1,957.0
2,544.3
2,326.6
(80.0)
(94.5)
(82.0)
(80.0)
(1,723.0)
(1,482.2)
(1,960.0)
(1,789.8)
Juvenile Justice Programs
(287.0)
(238.5)
(360.5)
(315.0)
Public Safety Officers
Benefits
(128.8)
(141.8)
(141.8)
(141.8)
Community Oriented Policing
Services
303.5
—
325.7
336.0
Obligation Cap on the Crime
Victims Fund
3,353.0
—k
2,838.0
3,177.0
-3,353.0
—
-2,838.0
-3,177.0
30,934.4
30,612.0
31,997.9
32,446.2
Office of Science and Technology
Policy
5.5
5.0
5.0
5.5
National Space Council
2.0
1.9
1.9
2.0
21,500.0
21,019.0
22,315.0
22,750
(6,905.7)
(6,303.7)
(7,161.3)
(6,905.7)
Aeronautics
(725.0)
(666.9)
(700.0)
(783.9)
Space Technologyl
(926.9)
(1,014.3)
(1,291.6)
(1,076.4)
(5,050.8)
(5,021.7)
(5,129.9)
(6,222.6)
(4,639.1)
(4,285.7)
(4,285.7)
(4,150.2)
(110.0)
—
(124.0)
(112.0)
(2,755.0)
(3,084.6)
(3,084.6)
(2,934.8)
(348.2)
(600.4)
(497.2)
(524.4)
Inspector General
(39.3)
(41.7)
(41.7)
(40.0)
National Science Foundation
8,075.0
7,066.0
8,636.1
8,317.0
Limitation on Administrative
Expenses, Federal Prison
Industries
Research, Evaluation, and
Statistics
State and Local Law
Enforcement Assistance
Offsetting Receipts
Subtotal: Department of
Justice
Science Agencies
National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
Science
Explorationm
Space
Operationsn
Science, Technology,
Engineering, and
Mathematics Engagement
Safety, Security, and Mission
Services
Construction and
Environmental Compliance
and Restoration
Congressional Research Service
14
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
Departments and
Related Agencies
FY2019
Enacted
FY2020
Administration’s
Request
FY2020
House
Passed
FY2020
Senate
Passed
FY2020
Enacted
Research and Related
Activities
(6,520.0)
(5,663.0)
(7,106.3)
(6,769.7)
Education and Human
Resources
(910.0)
(823.5)
(950.0)
(937.0)
Major Research Equipment
and Facilities Construction
(295.7)
(223.2)
(223.2)
(253.2)
Agency Operations and
Award Management
(329.5)
(336.9)
(336.9)
(336.9)
National Science Board
(4.4)
(4.1)
(4.4)
(4.5)
Office of the Inspector
General
(15.4)
(15.4)
(15.4)
(15.7)
29,582.5
28,091.9
30,959.0
31,074.5
U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
10.1
9.2
10.5
10.2
Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission
379.5
355.8
399.5
384.5
International Trade Commission
95.0
91.1
101.0
99.4
415.0
18.2
550.0
425.5
3.5
2.4
3.6
3.6
Office of the U.S. Trade
Representative
53.0
59.0
57.0
54.0
Trade Enforcement Fund
15.0
10.0
15.0
15.0
6.0
6.6
6.6
6.3
977.1
552.3
1,143.2
998.5
CJS Total
72,907.8
71,731.5
80,533.5
79,716.5
Rescission of Unobligated
Balances
-1,060.8
-947.0
-245.0
-327.0
Subtotal: Science Agencies
Related Agencies
Legal Services Corporation
Marine Mammal Commission
State Justice Institute
Subtotal: Related Agencies
Sources: The FY2019 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 116-9. The Administration’s requested
amounts were taken from H.Rept. 116-101. The House passed amounts were taken from the text of the House
passed version of H.R. 3055. The Senate passed amounts were taken from the text of the Senate passed version
of H.R. 3055.
Notes: Amounts may not add to totals due to rounding. The amounts do not include any rescissions of
unobligated balances, nor do they reflect any scorekeeping adjustments. Amounts in parenthesis are subaccounts
and not offsets.
a. The House recommends a total of $8.175 billion for the Periodic Censuses and Programs account, to
remain available until September 30, 2022. Of this amount, $675.0 million would be for “collecting,
compiling, analyzing, preparing, and publishing statistics for periodic censuses and programs provided for by
law,” with $3.6 million to be transferred to the Commerce’s Department’s Office of Inspector General for
continuing Census Bureau oversight. In addition, $7.500 billion in new budget authority would be for the
2020 census, as specified for purposes of Section 1(g)(1) of H.Res. 293, 116th Congress. Section 1(g)(1)
provides that “If a bill, joint resolution, amendment, or conference report making appropriations for fiscal
year 2020 specifies an amount for the 2020 Census in the Periodic Censuses and Programs account …, then
the adjustment shall be the new budget authority provided in such measure for such purpose, but shall not
exceed $7,500,000,000.”
Congressional Research Service
15
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
The Senate bill includes a total of $7.284 billion for the Periodic Censuses and Programs account, to remain
available until September 30, 2022. Of this amount, $3.6 million would be transferred to the Commerce’s
Department’s Office of Inspector General for continuing Census Bureau oversight. In addition, $2.500
billion in new budget authority is designated “by the Congress as being for the 2020 Census pursuant to
section 251(b)(2)(G) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985.”
Funding for the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is fully derived from user fees.
According to the NIST FY2020 budget justification, “NIST’s Building 1 project at the Boulder campus has
been identified as a candidate project to be funded through the GSA Federal Capital Revolving Fund [that
was proposed in the President’s FY2020 budget]. The Fund would provide up-front funding, estimated to be
$288.0 million, to renovate Wing 5, Wing 4, Spine, Wing 1, Wing 2 and a portion of the Headhouse
(auditorium, library, front lobby, conference rooms, police dispatch, and cafeteria). At the FY 2020 base
funding level, NIST would repay this GSA revolving fund through annual discretionary appropriations in 15
annual payments of $19.2 million.” However, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimated this
proposal in a manner consistent with current practice that capital expenditures are recorded on a cash
basis in the federal budget (For more information, see https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/115th-congress2017-2018/reports/53461-cashaccrualmeasures.pdf.)
The amount for the Operations, Research, and Facilities account includes a transfer out for the Promote
and Develop Fund.
As a part of the annual CJS appropriations act, Congress traditionally sets a limit on the amount of expenses
that can be paid for the purposes authorized under subparagraphs (B), (F), and (G) of Section 524(c)(1) of
Title 28 of the United States Code.
Per P.L. 116-6, $497.5 million is to be transferred from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence
Against Women.
The Administration’s budget requests proposes to fund OVW at $492.5 million for FY2020, all of which
would be derived from a transfer from the Crime Victims Fund.
The House passed version of H.R. 3055 would provide $592.5 million for the Office on Violence Against
Women, which would come from a transfer from the Crime Victims Fund.
The Senate passed version of H.R. 3055 would provide $500.0 million for the Office on Violence Against
Women, which would come from a transfer from the Crime Victims Fund.
The Administration’s FY2020 budget does not include a proposed obligation cap on the Crime Victims Fund
(CVF). Rather, the Administration proposes establishing a new $2.3 billion annual mandatory appropriation
for crime victims programs.
The Administration proposes changing the name of the “Space Technology” account to “Exploration
Technology.”
The Administration proposes changing the name of the “Exploration” account to “Deep Space Exploration
Systems.”
The Administration proposes changing the name of the “Space Operations” account to “Low Earth Orbit
and Spaceflight Operations.”
Table 2. Supplemental Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related
Agencies (CJS), FY2019
Appropriations in millions of dollars
FY2019 Enacted
Departments and Related Agencies
P.L. 116-20
P.L. 116-26
Economic Development Administration
$600.0
—
Economic Development Assistance
Programs
(600.0)
—
295.6
—
(120.6)
—
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration
Operations, Research, and Facilities
Congressional Research Service
16
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
FY2019 Enacted
Departments and Related Agencies
P.L. 116-20
Procurement, Acquisition, and
Construction
P.L. 116-26
(25.0)
—
(150.0)
—
895.6
—
Executive Office for Immigration Review
—
65.0
United States Marshals Service
1.3
155.0
(1.3)
—
—
(155.0)
28.4
—
(28.4)
—
Subtotal: Department of Justice
29.7
220.0
Legal Services Corporation
15.0
—
Subtotal: Related Agencies
15.0
—
940.3
220.0
Fisheries Disaster Assistance
Subtotal: Department of Commerce
Salaries and Expenses
Federal Prisoner Detention
Federal Prison System
Buildings and Facilities
Supplemental Appropriations Total
Source:
|
Departments and Related Agencies
|
FY2019 Enacted
|
FY2020 Administration's Request
|
FY2020 House Passed
|
FY2020 Senate Passed
|
FY2020 Enacted
|
Department of Commerce
|
International Trade Administration
|
Bureau of Industry and Security
|
Economic Development Administration
|
Economic Development Assistance Programs
|
Salaries and Expenses
|
Minority Business Development Agency
|
Economics and Statistics Administration (excluding Census)
|
Census Bureau
|
Current Surveys and Programs
|
Periodic Censuses and Programs
|
(8,175 | .0)a
(7,284 | .3)b
National Telecommunications and Information Administration
|
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)c
Offsetting Fee Receipts (USPTO)
|
National Institute of Standards and Technology
|
Scientific and Technical Research and Services
|
Industrial Technology Services
|
Manufacturing Extension Partnership
|
National Network for Manufacturing Innovation
|
Construction of Research Facilities, new appropriation
|
Construction of Research Facilities, transfer from Federal Capital Revolving Fund (legislative proposal)
|
(288 | .0)d
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|
Operations, Research, and Facilitiese
Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction
|
Pacific Coast Salmon Recovery
|
Fishermen's Contingency Fund
|
Fisheries Finance Program Account
|
Fisheries Disaster Assistance
|
Departmental Management
|
Subtotal: Department of Commerce
|
Department of Justice
|
General Administration
|
General Administration Salaries and Expenses
|
Justice Information Sharing Technology
|
Executive Office of Immigration Review
|
Office of the Inspector General
|
U.S. Parole Commission
|
Legal Activities
|
General legal activities
|
United States Attorneys
|
Antitrust Division
|
Offsetting Fee Collections (Antitrust Division)
|
U.S. Trustee Program
|
Offsetting Fee Collections (U.S. Trustee Program)
|
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission
|
Fees and Expenses of Witnesses
|
Community Relations Service
|
Assets Forfeiture Fundf
Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund
|
United States Marshals Service
|
Salaries and Expenses
|
Construction
|
Federal Prisoner Detention
|
National Security Division
|
Interagency Law Enforcement
|
Federal Bureau of Investigation
|
Salaries and Expenses
|
Construction
|
Drug Enforcement Administration
|
Salaries and Expenses
|
High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas
|
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
|
Federal Prison System
|
Salaries and Expenses
|
Building and Facilities
|
Limitation on Administrative Expenses, Federal Prison Industries
|
Office on Violence Against Women
|
—g
—h
—i
—j
Office of Justice Programs
|
Research, Evaluation, and Statistics
|
State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance
|
Juvenile Justice Programs
|
Public Safety Officers Benefits
|
Community Oriented Policing Services
|
Obligation Cap on the Crime Victims Fund
|
—k
Offsetting Receipts
|
Subtotal: Department of Justice
|
Science Agencies
|
Office of Science and Technology Policy
|
National Space Council
|
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
|
Science
|
Aeronautics
|
Space Technologyl
Explorationm
Space Operationsn
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Engagement
|
Safety, Security, and Mission Services
|
Construction and Environmental Compliance and Restoration
|
Inspector General
|
National Science Foundation
|
Research and Related Activities
|
Education and Human Resources
|
Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction
|
Agency Operations and Award Management
|
National Science Board
|
Office of the Inspector General
|
Subtotal: Science Agencies
|
Related Agencies
|
U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
|
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
|
International Trade Commission
|
Legal Services Corporation
|
Marine Mammal Commission
|
Office of the U.S. Trade Representative
|
Trade Enforcement Fund
|
State Justice Institute
|
Subtotal: Related Agencies
|
CJS Total
|
Rescission of Unobligated Balances
|
-947.0 |
Sources: The FY2019 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 116-9. The Administration's requested amounts were taken from H.Rept. 116-101. The House passed amounts were taken from the text of the House passed version of H.R. 3055. The Senate passed amounts were taken from the text of the Senate passed version of H.R. 3055.
Notes: Amounts may not add to totals due to rounding. The amounts do not include any rescissions of unobligated balances, nor do they reflect any scorekeeping adjustments. Amounts in parenthesis are subaccounts and not offsets.
a. The House recommends a total of $8.175 billion for the Periodic Censuses and Programs account, to remain available until September 30, 2022. Of this amount, $675.0 million would be for "collecting, compiling, analyzing, preparing, and publishing statistics for periodic censuses and programs provided for by law," with $3.6 million to be transferred to the Commerce's Department's Office of Inspector General for continuing Census Bureau oversight. In addition, $7.500 billion in new budget authority would be for the 2020 census, as specified for purposes of Section 1(g)(1) of H.Res. 293, 116th Congress. Section 1(g)(1) provides that "If a bill, joint resolution, amendment, or conference report making appropriations for fiscal year 2020 specifies an amount for the 2020 Census in the Periodic Censuses and Programs account …, then the adjustment shall be the new budget authority provided in such measure for such purpose, but shall not exceed $7,500,000,000."
b. The Senate bill includes a total of $7.284 billion for the Periodic Censuses and Programs account, to remain available until September 30, 2022. Of this amount, $3.6 million would be transferred to the Commerce's Department's Office of Inspector General for continuing Census Bureau oversight. In addition, $2.500 billion in new budget authority is designated "by the Congress as being for the 2020 Census pursuant to section 251(b)(2)(G) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985."
c. Funding for the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is fully derived from user fees.
d. According to the NIST FY2020 budget justification, "NIST's Building 1 project at the Boulder campus has been identified as a candidate project to be funded through the GSA Federal Capital Revolving Fund [that was proposed in the President's FY2020 budget]. The Fund would provide up-front funding, estimated to be $288.0 million, to renovate Wing 5, Wing 4, Spine, Wing 1, Wing 2 and a portion of the Headhouse (auditorium, library, front lobby, conference rooms, police dispatch, and cafeteria). At the FY 2020 base funding level, NIST would repay this GSA revolving fund through annual discretionary appropriations in 15 annual payments of $19.2 million." However, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimated this proposal in a manner consistent with current practice that capital expenditures are recorded on a cash basis in the federal budget. (For more information, see https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/115th-congress-2017-2018/reports/53461-cashaccrualmeasures.pdf.)
e. The amount for the Operations, Research, and Facilities account includes a transfer out for the Promote and Develop Fund.
f. As a part of the annual CJS appropriations act, Congress traditionally sets a limit on the amount of expenses that can be paid for the purposes authorized under subparagraphs (B), (F), and (G) of Section 524(c)(1) of Title 28 of the United States Code.
g. Per P.L. 116-6, $497.5 million is to be transferred from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women.
h. The Administration's budget requests proposes to fund OVW at $492.5 million for FY2020, all of which would be derived from a transfer from the Crime Victims Fund.
i. The House passed version of H.R. 3055 would provide $592.5 million for the Office on Violence Against Women, which would come from a transfer from the Crime Victims Fund.
j. The Senate passed version of H.R. 3055 would provide $500.0 million for the Office on Violence Against Women, which would come from a transfer from the Crime Victims Fund.
k. The Administration's FY2020 budget does not include a proposed obligation cap on the Crime Victims Fund (CVF). Rather, the Administration proposes establishing a new $2.3 billion annual mandatory appropriation for crime victims programs.
l. The Administration proposes changing the name of the "Space Technology" account to "Exploration Technology."
m. The Administration proposes changing the name of the "Exploration" account to "Deep Space Exploration Systems."
n. The Administration proposes changing the name of the "Space Operations" account to "Low Earth Orbit and Spaceflight Operations."
Table 2. Supplemental Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS), FY2019
Appropriations in millions of dollars
FY2019 Enacted
|
|
Departments and Related Agencies
|
P.L. 116-20
|
P.L. 116-26
|
Economic Development Administration
|
Economic Development Assistance Programs
|
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|
Operations, Research, and Facilities
|
Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction
|
Fisheries Disaster Assistance
|
Subtotal: Department of Commerce
|
Executive Office for Immigration Review
|
United States Marshals Service
|
Salaries and Expenses
|
Federal Prisoner Detention
|
Federal Prison System
|
Buildings and Facilities
|
Subtotal: Department of Justice
|
Legal Services Corporation
|
Subtotal: Related Agencies
|
Supplemental Appropriations Total
|
Source: Supplemental appropriations amounts were taken from the text of P.L. 116-20 and P.L. 116-26
.
.
Notes: Amounts may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in parenthesis are subaccounts and not
offsets.
Table 3. Supplemental Request for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related
Agencies (CJS), FY2020
Appropriations in millions of dollars
Departments and Related Agencies
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Science
Space Technology
Exploration
Supplemental Request Total
FY2020
Supplemental
Request
$1,596.7
(90.0)
(132.0)
(1,374.7)
1,596.7
Source: Supplemental request amounts were taken from the Administration’s supplemental budget request for
FY2020, submitted to Congress on May 13, 2019.
Notes: Amounts may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in parenthesis are subaccounts and not
offsets.
Historical Funding for CJS
Figure 1 shows the total CJS funding for FY2010-FY2019, in both nominal and inflationadjusted
|
Departments and Related Agencies
|
FY2020 Supplemental Request
|
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
|
Science
|
Space Technology
|
Exploration
|
Supplemental Request Total
|
Source: Supplemental request amounts were taken from the Administration's supplemental budget request for FY2020, submitted to Congress on May 13, 2019.
Notes: Amounts may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in parenthesis are subaccounts and not offsets.
Historical Funding for CJS
Figure 1 shows the total CJS funding for FY2010-FY2019, in both nominal and inflation-adjusted dollars (more-detailed historical appropriations data can be found in Table 4). The data
show that nominal funding for CJS reached a 10-year high in FY2019, though in
inflationadjustedinflation-adjusted terms, funding for FY2019 was lower than it was in FY2010.
Congressional Research Service
17
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
There is a cyclical nature to total nominal funding for CJS because of appropriations for the
Census Bureau to administer decennial censuses. Overall funding for CJS traditionally starts to
increase a few years before the decennial census, peaks in the fiscal year in which the census is
conducted, and then declines immediately thereafter. This is discussed in more detail below.
Increased funding for CJS also coincides with increases to the discretionary budget caps under the
Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA, P.L. 112-25
).15).15 The BCA put into effect statutory limits on
discretionary spending for FY2012-FY2021. Under the act, discretionary spending limits were
scheduled to be adjusted downward each fiscal year until FY2021. However, legislation was
enacted that increased discretionary spending caps for FY2014 to FY2019.
1616 A sequestration of
discretionary funding, ordered pursuant to the BCA, cut $2.973 billion out of the total amount
Congress and the President provided for CJS for FY2013. Since then, funding for CJS has
increased as more discretionary funding has been allowed under the BCA.
Figure 1. Nominal and Inflation-Adjusted Funding for CJS, FY2010-FY2019
Appropriations in billions of dollars
Sources: FY2010 enacted amounts were taken from S.Rept. 111-229
, , P.L. 111-212
, , P.L. 111-224, and P.L.
111230111-230; FY2011 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 112-169; FY2012 enacted amounts were taken from
H.Rept. 112-463; FY2013 post-sequestration amounts were provided by the Department of Commerce, the
Department of Justice, the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, the National Science Foundation, and each of the respective related agencies and P.L. 113-2
;
; FY2014 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 113-76, printed in
the January 15, 2014, Congressional Record (pp. H507-H532); FY2015 enacted amounts were taken from the joint
explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 113-235, printed in the December 11, 2014, Congressional Record (pp.
H9342-H9363); FY2016 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L.
114-113, printed in the December 17, 2015, Congressional Record (pp. H9732-H9759); FY2017 enacted amounts
15
16
For more information on the BCA, see CRS Report R44874, The Budget Control Act: Frequently Asked Questions.
Ibid.
Congressional Research Service
18
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 115-31, printed in the May 3, 2017,
Congressional Record (pp. H3365-H3390); FY2018 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory
statement to accompany P.L. 115-141, printed in the March 22, 2018, Congressional Record (pp. H2084-H2115)
and P.L. 115-123; FY2019 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 116-9
.
.
Notes: Inflation-adjusted appropriations are presented in FY2019 dollars. Appropriations were adjusted using
the Gross Domestic Product (Chained) Price Index presented in Table 10.1 of the Historical Tables in the
President’ President's FY2020 budget submission. The amounts do not include rescissions of unobligated balances or
scorekeeping credits (e.g., the balance on the Crime Victims Fund). The amounts include any rescissions of
current-year budget authority and any supplemental appropriations.
Figure 2 shows total CJS funding for FY2010-FY2019 by major component (i.e., the Department
of Commerce, the Department of Justice, NASA, and the NSF). Although decreased
appropriations for the Department of Commerce (a 47.4% reduction) from FY2010 to FY2013,
during years immediately following the 2010 census, mostly explain the overall decrease in CJS
appropriations during this time, cuts in funding for DOJ (-8.7%) and NASA (-9.8%) also
contributed. Funding for NSF held relatively steady from FY2010 to FY2013.
Overall CJS funding has increased since FY2014, and this is partially explained by more funding
for the Department of Commerce to help the Census Bureau prepare for the 2020 decennial
census. While funding for the Department of Commerce decreased from FY2018 to FY2019, it
was partly the result of the department receiving $1.000 billion in emergency supplemental
funding for FY2018.
1717 If supplemental funding is excluded, appropriations for the Department of
Commerce increased 2.5% from FY2018 to FY2019.
While increased funding for the Department of Commerce partially explains the overall increase
in funding for CJS since FY2014, there have also been steady increases in funding for DOJ
(+11.5%), NASA (+21.8%), and NSF (+12.6%), as higher discretionary spending caps have been
used to provide additional funding to these agencies. Also, increased funding for the Department
of Commerce is not only the result of more funding for the Census Bureau. Funding for NOAA
increased by 18.7% from FY2014 to FY2018 (though funding for NOAA did not increase
steadily over this period) and funding for NIST increased by 41.0% over the same time period
(see Table 4). However, funding for both of these agencies decreased from FY2018 to FY2019,
meaning that the increase in the Department of Commerce
’'s funding during this time period was
almost solely attributable to increased funding for the Census Bureau.
17
For more information on emergency supplemental funding for CJS for FY2018, see CRS Report R45237, Overview
of FY2019 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS).
Congressional Research Service
19
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
Figure 2. Nominal Total CJS Funding, by Major Component, FY2010-FY2019
Appropriations in billions of dollars
Sources: FY2010 enacted amounts were taken from S.Rept. 111-229
, , P.L. 111-212
, , P.L. 111-224, and P.L.
111230111-230; FY2011 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 112-169; FY2012 enacted amounts were taken from
H.Rept. 112-463; FY2013 post-sequestration amounts were provided by the Department of Commerce, the
Department of Justice, the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, the National Science Foundation, and each of the respective related agencies, and P.L. 113-2
;
; FY2014 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 113-76, printed in
the January 15, 2014, Congressional Record (pp. H507-H532); FY2015 enacted amounts were taken from the joint
explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 113-235, printed in the December 11, 2014, Congressional Record (pp.
H9342-H9363); FY2016 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L.
114-113, printed in the December 17, 2015, Congressional Record (pp. H9732-H9759); FY2017 enacted amounts
were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 115-31, printed in the May 3, 2017,
Congressional Record (pp. H3365-H3390); FY2018 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory
statement to accompany P.L. 115-141, printed in the March 22, 2018, Congressional Record (pp. H2084-H2115)
and P.L. 115-123; FY2019 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 116-9
.
.
Notes: The amounts do not include rescissions of unobligated balances or scorekeeping credits (e.g., the
balance on the Crime Victims Fund). The amounts include any rescissions of current-year budget authority and
any supplemental appropriations.
Congressional Research Service
20
Table 4. Nominal Funding for CJS Agencies, by Account, FY2010-FY2019
Appropriations in millions of dollars
Bureau or Agency
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013a
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
Department of Commerce
International Trade Administration
$446.8
$440.7
$455.6
$438.5
$460.6
$462.0
$483.0
$483.0
$482.0
$484.0
Bureau of Industry and Security
100.3
100.1
101.0
93.6
101.5
102.5
112.5
112.5
113.5
118.1
Economic Development Administration
347.0
283.4
457.5
218.3
246.5
250.0
261.0
276.0
901.5
304.0
Minority Business Development Agency
31.5
30.3
30.3
27.5
28.0
30.0
32.0
34.0
39.0
40.0
Economic and Statistical Analysis
97.2
97.1
96.0
93.3
99.0
100.0
109.0
107.3
99.0
101.0
7,324.7
1,149.7
888.3
840.6
945.0
1,088.0
1,370.0
1,470.0
2,814.0
3,821.4
National Telecommunications and
Information Administration
40.0
41.6
45.6
42.7
46.0
38.2
39.5
32.0
39.5
39.5
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
(USPTO)
2,016.0
2,090.0
2,706.3
2,783.7
3,024.0
3,458.0
3,272.0
3,230.0
3,500.0
3,370.0
Offsetting Fee Receipts (USPTO)
-1,887.0
-2,090.0
-2,706.3
-2,933.2
-3,024.0
-3,458.0
-3,272.0
-3,230.0
-3,500.0
-3,370.0
National Institute of Standards and
Technology
856.6
750.1
750.8
769.3
850.0
863.9
964.0
952.0
1,198.5
985.5
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration
4,788.5
4,588.0
4,893.7
5,050.7
5,314.6
5,441.0
5,765.6
5,675.4
6,309.5
5,424.7
107.5
99.8
88.9
84.6
89.5
91.1
109.1
94.7
140.9
95.7
14,269.2
7,580.9
7,807.7
7,509.6
8,180.6
8,466.7
9,245.6
9,237.0
12,137.4
11,413.9
2,285.8
2,208.1
2,227.9
503.5
533.2
435.6
659.0
676.7
746.8
805.4
General Administration
(456.9)
(312.2)
(262.1)
(135.7)
(135.8)
(137.3)
(142.5)
(145.1)
(149.0)
(145.0)
Administrative Review & Appeals
(298.8)
(296.1)
(301.0)
(287.9)
(311.0)
(347.1)
(422.8)
—
—
—
Executive Office for Immigration
Review
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(436.0)
(500.5)
(559.4)
Census Bureau
Departmental Management
Commerce Subtotal
Department of Justice
General Administration
CRS-21
Bureau or Agency
Detention Trusteeb
Office of the Inspector General
U.S. Parole Commission
Legal Activities
General legal activities
United States Attorneys
Otherc
U.S. Marshals Service
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013a
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
(1,445.7)
(1,515.6)
(1,580.6)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(84.4)
(84.2)
(84.2)
(80.0)
(86.4)
(88.6)
(93.7)
(95.6)
(97.3)
(101.0)
12.9
12.8
12.8
11.9
12.6
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.0
3,108.3
3,177.3
3,187.2
2,989.5
3,180.8
3,220.2
3,314.6
3,353.8
3,386.6
3,329.4
(889.0)
(863.4)
(863.4)
(819.3)
(867.0)
(885.0)
(893.0)
(897.5)
(897.5)
(904.0)
(1,943.2)
(1,930.1)
(1,960.0)
(1,830.3)
(1,944.0)
(1,960.0)
(2,000.0)
(2,035.0)
(2,136.8)
(2,212.0)
(276.1)
(383.8)
(363.8)
(340.0)
(369.8)
(375.2)
(421.6)
(421.3)
(352.3)
(213.4)
2,700.0
2,713.5
2,903.4
2,925.4
1,190.0
1,140.1
1,189.0
2,655.6
2,727.8
1,700.1d
87.9
87.8
87.0
83.8
91.8
93.0
95.0
96.0
101.0
101.4
549.6
527.5
527.5
484.4
514.0
507.2
512.0
517.0
542.9
560.0
Federal Bureau of Investigation
7,922.5
7,926.3
8,118.0
7,558.8
8,343.3
8,436.6
8,798.8
9,006.4
9,421.4
9,577.1
Drug Enforcement Administration
2,053.4
2,015.6
2,035.0
1,907.3
2,018.0
2,033.3
2,080.0
2,103.0
2,201.8
2,267.0
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms &
Explosives
1,158.3
1,112.5
1,152.0
1,071.6
1,179.0
1,201.0
1,240.0
1,258.6
1,293.8
1,316.7
Federal Prison System
6,208.1
6,384.1
6,644.0
6,447.2
6,861.7
6,923.7
7,481.2
7,141.5
7,328.3
7,516.7
418.5
417.7
412.5
387.9
417.0
430.0
101.0e
155.5f
—g
—h
2,283.5
1,697.9
1,616.3
1,518.5
1,643.3
1,690.8
1,883.0
1,705.8
2,169.3
2,218.8
(235.0)
(234.5)
(113.0)
(119.1)
(120.0)
(111.0)
(116.0)
(89.0)
(90.0)
(80.0)
(1,534.8)
(1,117.8)
(1,162.5)
(1,060.5)
(1,171.5)
(1,241.0)
(1,408.5)
(1,280.5)
(1,680.0)
(1,723.0)
(20.0)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(423.6)
(275.4)
(262.5)
(261.0)
(254.5)
(251.5)
(270.2)
(247.0)
(282.5)
(287.0)
Public Safety Officers Benefits
(70.1)
(70.1)
(78.3)
(77.9)
(97.3)
(87.3)
(88.3)
(89.3)
(116.8)
(128.8)
Community Oriented Policing Services
(COPS)
791.6
494.9
198.5
209.7
214.0
208.0
212.0
221.5
275.5
303.5
National Security Division
Interagency Law Enforcement
Office of Violence Against Women
(OVW)
Office of Justice Programs (OJP)
Research, Evaluation, and Statistics
State and Local Law Enforcement
Assistance
Weed and Seed
Juvenile Justice Programs
CRS-22
Bureau or Agency
OVW, OJP, and COPS Salaries and
Expenses
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013a
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
213.4
186.6
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
28,283.7
27,389.2
27,407.7
25,829.7
27,736.6
27,030.2
29,089.8
28,962.5
30.384.0
30,934.4
Office of Science and Technology Policy
7.0
6.6
4.5
5.5
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.5
5.5
National Space Council
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
2.0
2.0
18,724.3
18,448.0
17,800.0
16,879.5
17,646.5
18,010.2
19,285.0
19,762.3
20,817.4
21,500.0
6,926.5
6,859.9
7,033.1
6,884.1
7,171.9
7,344.2
7,463.5
7,472.2
7,783.7
8,075.0
25,657.8
25,314.5
24,837.6
23,769.2
24,824.0
25,360.0
26,754.0
27,240.1
28,608.6
29,582.5
9.4
9.4
9.2
8.7
9.0
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.7
10.1
Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission
367.3
366.6
360.0
344.2
364.0
364.5
364.5
364.5
379.5
379.5
International Trade Commission
81.9
81.7
80.0
78.9
83.0
84.5
88.5
91.5
93.7
95.0
420.0
404.2
348.0
340.9
365.0
375.0
385.0
385.0
425.0
415.0
3.3
3.2
3.0
2.9
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.5
47.8
47.7
51.3
47.6
52.6
54.3
54.5
62.0
57.6
53.0
Trade Enforcement Fund
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
15.0
15.0
State Justice Institute
5.1
5.1
5.1
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.1
5.1
5.1
6.0
934.8
917.9
856.6
827.9
881.8
895.9
910.3
920.8
989.1
977.1
Total Appropriation
69,145.5
61,202.5
60,909.6
57,936.4
61,622.9
61,752.7
65,999.7
66,360.3
72.119.0
72,907.8
Rescission of Unobligated Balances
-2,559.7i
-2,416.0
-905.9
-881.6
-219.3
-679.6
-878.7
-1,142.3
-661.1
-1,060.8
DOJ Subtotal
Science Agencies
National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
National Science Foundation
Science Agencies Subtotal
Related Agencies
Commission on Civil Rights
Legal Services Corporation
Marine Mammal Commission
U.S. Trade Representative
Related Agencies Subtotal
Sources: FY2010 enacted amounts were taken from S.Rept. 111-229, P.L. 111-212, P.L. 111-224, and P.L. 111-230; FY2011 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept.
112-169; FY2012 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 112-463; FY2013 post-sequestration amounts were provided by the Department of Commerce, the
Department of Justice, the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, and each of the
respective related agencies, and P.L. 113-2
Bureau or Agency
|
FY2010
|
FY2011
|
FY2012
|
FY2013a
FY2014
|
FY2015
|
FY2016
|
FY2017
|
FY2018
|
FY2019
|
Department of Commerce
|
International Trade Administration
|
Bureau of Industry and Security
|
Economic Development Administration
|
Minority Business Development Agency
|
Economic and Statistical Analysis
|
Census Bureau
|
National Telecommunications and Information Administration
|
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)
|
Offsetting Fee Receipts (USPTO)
|
National Institute of Standards and Technology
|
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|
Departmental Management
|
Commerce Subtotal
|
Department of Justice
|
General Administration
|
General Administration
|
Administrative Review & Appeals
|
Executive Office for Immigration Review
|
Detention Trusteeb
Office of the Inspector General
|
U.S. Parole Commission
|
Legal Activities
|
General legal activities
|
United States Attorneys
|
Otherc
U.S. Marshals Service
|
1,700 | .1d
National Security Division
|
Interagency Law Enforcement
|
Federal Bureau of Investigation
|
Drug Enforcement Administration
|
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives
|
Federal Prison System
|
Office of Violence Against Women (OVW)
|
101 | .0e
155 | .5f
—g
—h
Office of Justice Programs (OJP)
|
Research, Evaluation, and Statistics
|
State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance
|
Weed and Seed
|
Juvenile Justice Programs
|
Public Safety Officers Benefits
|
Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS)
|
OVW, OJP, and COPS Salaries and Expenses
|
DOJ Subtotal
|
Science Agencies
|
Office of Science and Technology Policy
|
National Space Council
|
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
|
National Science Foundation
|
Science Agencies Subtotal
|
Related Agencies
|
Commission on Civil Rights
|
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
|
International Trade Commission
|
Legal Services Corporation
|
Marine Mammal Commission
|
U.S. Trade Representative
|
Trade Enforcement Fund
|
State Justice Institute
|
Related Agencies Subtotal
|
Total Appropriation
|
Rescission of Unobligated Balances
|
Sources: FY2010 enacted amounts were taken from S.Rept. 111-229, P.L. 111-212, P.L. 111-224, and P.L. 111-230; FY2011 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 112-169; FY2012 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 112-463; FY2013 post-sequestration amounts were provided by the Department of Commerce, the Department of Justice, the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, and each of the respective related agencies, and P.L. 113-2; FY2014 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 113-76, printed in the January
CRS-23
15, 2014, Congressional Record (pp. H507-H532); FY2015 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 113-235, printed in the
December 11, 2014, Congressional Record (pp. H9342-H9363); FY2016 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 114-113
,
, printed in the December 17, 2015, Congressional Record (pp. H9732-H9759); FY2017 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany
P.L. 115-31, printed in the May 3, 2017, Congressional Record (pp. H3365-H3390); FY2018 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to
accompany P.L. 115-141, printed in the March 22, 2018, Congressional Record (pp. H2084-H2115) and P.L. 115-123; FY2019 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept.
116-9
.
.
Notes: Amounts may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts include all supplemental appropriations. Amounts also include all rescission of current-year budget
authority, but they do not include rescissions of a prior year
’'s unobligated balances. Amounts in parenthesis are subaccounts and not offsets.
a.
a. FY2013 appropriations include sequestration.
b.
b. Under the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act (P.L. 113-6), Congress eliminated funding for the Office of the Federal Detention Trustee
account and instead provided funding for a Federal Prisoner Detention account under the U.S. Marshals Service. Funding under this account covers the costs
associated with the care of federal detainees.
c. “Other”
c. "Other" includes subaccounts for the Antitrust Division, Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund, U.S. Trustee System Fund, Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission, Fees and Expenses of Witnesses, Community Relations Service, and the Asset Forfeiture Fund.
d.
d. This amount does not include a required transfer of $1.1 billion in unobligated balances from the Assets Forfeiture Fund to the U.S. Marshals Federal Prisoner
Detention account.
e.
e. This amount does not include a $379.0 million transfer from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women per P.L. 114-113
.
f.
.
f. This amount does not include a $326.0 million transfer from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women per P.L. 115-31
.
g. .
g. Per P.L. 115-141, $492.0 million was transferred from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women.
h.
h. Per P.L. 116-6, $497.5 million was transferred from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women.
i.
i. This amount includes $531.2 million in rescissions of unobligated balances included in P.L. 111-117, $111.5 million in rescissions of unobligated balances included in
P.L. 111-212, $129.0 million in rescissions of unobligated balances included in P.L. 111-224, and $1.788 billion in rescissions of unobligated balance included in P.L.
112-6.
CRS-24
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
Author Information
Nathan James
Analyst in Crime Policy
Key Policy Staff
Area of Expertise
Name
OJP, COPS, BOP, U.S. Marshals
Nathan James
ATF
William J. Krouse
Juvenile Justice, U.S. Attorneys
Kristin M. Finklea
DEA, OVW, FBI
Lisa N. Sacco
Trade-related agencies: ITA, ITC, and
USTR
M. Angeles Villarreal
BIS
Ian F. Fergusson
EDA, MBDA
Eugene Boyd
Telecommunications, NTIA
Laurie Harris
Census Bureau, ESA
Jennifer D. Williams
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Marcy Gallo
NIST
John F. Sargent
Office of Science and Technology
Policy
John F. Sargent
NOAA
Eva Lipiec
NASA, National Space Council
Daniel Morgan
NSF
Laurie Harris
Legal Services Corporation
Libby Perl
Congressional Research Service
25
Overview of FY2020 Appropriations for CJS
Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and
under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other
than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in
connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not
subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in
its entirety without permission from CRS. However, as a CRS Report may include copyrighted images or
material from a third party, you may need to obtain the permission of the copyright holder if you wish to
copy or otherwise use copyrighted material.
Congressional Research Service
R45702 · VERSION 22 · UPDATED
26
112-6.
Author Contact Information
Nathan James, Analyst in Crime Policy
([email address scrubbed], [phone number scrubbed])
Key Policy Staff
|
Area of Expertise
|
Name
|
|
OJP, COPS, BOP, U.S. Marshals
|
Nathan James
|
|
ATF
|
William J. Krouse
|
|
Juvenile Justice, U.S. Attorneys
|
Kristin M. Finklea
|
|
DEA, OVW, FBI
|
Lisa N. Sacco
|
|
Trade-related agencies: ITA, ITC, and USTR
|
M. Angeles Villarreal
|
|
BIS
|
Ian F. Fergusson
|
|
EDA, MBDA
|
Eugene Boyd
|
|
Telecommunications, NTIA
|
Laurie Harris
|
|
Census Bureau, ESA
|
Jennifer D. Williams
|
|
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
|
Marcy Gallo
|
|
NIST
|
John F. Sargent
|
|
Office of Science and Technology Policy
|
John F. Sargent
|
|
NOAA
|
Eva Lipiec
|
|
NASA, National Space Council
|
Daniel Morgan
|
|
NSF
|
Laurie Harris
|
|
Legal Services Corporation
|
Libby Perl
|
Footnotes
| 1.
|
For an overview of the general contents of continuing resolutions, see CRS Report R42647, Continuing Resolutions: Overview of Components and Practices.
|
| 2.
|
For more information on the International Trade Commission's responsibilities under P.L. 114-159, see CRS In Focus IF10478, Miscellaneous Tariff Bills (MTBs).
|
| 3.
|
Note that the science agencies funded in the CJS bill are not the only federal science agencies.
|
| 4.
|
U.S. Department of Commerce, "About Commerce: Mission," https://www.commerce.gov/page/about-commerce#mission.
|
| 5.
|
Ibid.
|
| 6.
|
U.S. Department of Justice, "About DOJ," http://www.justice.gov/about/about.html.
|
| 7.
|
National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-282).
|
| 8.
|
Executive Order 12881 established the National Science and Technology Council.
|
| 9.
|
Executive Order 13539 established the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology.
|
| 10.
|
The National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (P.L. 81-507).
|
| 11.
|
National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-568).
|
| 12.
|
For more information on the Administration's FY2019 budget request for NASA, see CRS Report R45237, Overview of FY2019 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS).
|
| 13.
|
For more information on how the CVF is funded, see CRS Report R42672, The Crime Victims Fund: Federal Support for Victims of Crime.
|
| 14.
|
In the report to accompany H.R. 3055 (H.Rept. 116-101), the committee compares amounts in the bill for NASA to the Administration's initial request, not the amount after the Administration submitted its supplemental request. For the sake of consistency, this report will compare amounts in H.R. 3055 to the Administration's initial request when discussing differences between the Administration's request and totals for the bill, the science agencies, NASA, or the Science, Space Technology, or Exploration accounts.
|
| 15.
|
For more information on the BCA, see CRS Report R44874, The Budget Control Act: Frequently Asked Questions.
|
| 16.
|
Ibid.
|
| 17.
|
For more information on emergency supplemental funding for CJS for FY2018, see CRS Report R45237, Overview of FY2019 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS).
|