NASA Appropriations and Authorizations: Fact Sheet

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NASA Appropriations and Authorizations: A Fact Sheet

~~May 18, 2017 (R43419)~~

I~~n the current fiscal environment, congressional~~ A Fact Sheet name redacted Specialist in Science and Technology Policy July 31, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43419 NASA Appropriations and Authorizations: A Fact Sheet C ongressional deliberations about the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) often focus on the availability of funding. This fact sheet provides data on past, current, and proposed ~~FY2018 NASA appropriations, as well as the enacted authorization of NASA appropriations for FY2017~~NASA appropriations. No bills have yet been introduced in the 115th Congress proposing future-year authorizations of NASA appropriations.

For more information on FY2017 funding for NASA, see CRS Report R44397, NASA: FY2017 Budget and Appropriations. Additional information on appropriations legislation affecting NASA is provided in CRS Report R44877, Overview of FY2018 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) and similar reports for prior years.1 NASA issues of congressional interest are discussed further in CRS Report R43144, NASA: Issues for Authorization, Appropriations, and Oversight in the 114th Congress. Table 1~~Oversight in the 114th Congress~~. Additional information on appropriations legislation affecting NASA is provided in CRS Report R44409, Overview of FY2017 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS), and similar reports for other years.¹

~~Table 1~~ shows appropriations for NASA from FY2012 through FY2017. The data for FY2012 through ~~FY2015~~FY2016 include supplemental appropriations, rescissions, transfers, reprogramming, and, in the case of FY2013, sequestration. They are taken from NASA'’s congressional budget justifications for FY2014 through ~~FY2017.~~FY2018.2 Congressional budget justifications are available on the NASA budget website (http://www.nasa.gov/news/budget/) for the current year and for past years back to FY2002. The table data for ~~FY2016~~FY2017 are as enacted by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, ~~2016 (P.L. 114-113~~2017 (P.L. 115-31). For amounts not specified in that act, see pp. ~~H9741-H9743~~H3374H3375 of the explanatory statement, published in the Congressional Record on December 17, 2015. The table data for FY2017 are as enacted by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017 (P.L. 115-31). For amounts not specified in that act, see pp. H3374-H3375 of the explanatory statement, published in the Congressional Record on May 3, 2017.

~~Table 2~~ shows enacted appropriations for FY2016 (as above); the Obama Administration's request for FY2017 (including requested one-time mandatory funding); the House Committee on Appropriations recommendations for FY2017, as contained in H.R. 5393 (114^th Congress) and its accompanying report H.Rept. 114-605; the Senate Committee on Appropriations recommendations for FY2017, as contained in S. 2837 (114^th Congress) and its accompanying report S.Rept. 114-239; enacted appropriations for FY2017 (as above); the Trump Administration's budget blueprint for FY2018 (https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/omb/budget/fy2018/2018_blueprint.pdf); and enacted authorizations of appropriations for FY2017 in the NASA Transition Authorization Act of 2017 (P.L. 115-10).

~~Figure 1~~ ~~shows NASA's total annual budget authority from the agency's establishment in FY1958 to FY2017, in both current dollars and inflation-adjusted FY2017 dollars.~~

on May 3, 2017. Table 2 shows enacted appropriations for FY2017 (as above); the Administration’s request for FY2018; the House Committee on Appropriations recommendations for FY2018, as contained in H.R. 3267 as reported and H.Rept. 115-231; and the Senate Committee on Appropriations recommendations for FY2018, as contained in S. 1662 as reported and S.Rept. 115-139. Figure 1 shows NASA’s total annual budget authority from the agency’s establishment in FY1958 to FY2017, in both current dollars and inflation-adjusted FY2017 dollars. 1 See, for example, CRS Report R44409, Overview of FY2017 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS); CRS Report R43918, Overview of FY2016 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS); CRS Report R43509, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2015 Appropriations, CRS Report R43080, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2014 Appropriations; CRS Report R42440, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2013 Appropriations; and CRS Report R41721, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2012 Appropriations. 2 FY2016 Education amounts are not shown in the FY2018 congressional budget justification and are instead taken from the explanatory statement for the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113), Congressional Record, December 17, 2015, pp. H9741-H9743. Congressional Research Service 1 NASA Appropriations and Authorizations: A Fact Sheet Table 1. NASA Appropriations, FY2012-FY2017 ~~Table 1. NASA Appropriations, FY2012-FY2017~~

~~(budget authority in $ millions)~~

	FY2012	FY2013	FY2014	FY2015	FY2016	FY2017
Science	$5,074	$4,782	$5,148	$5,243	$5,589	$5,765
Earth Science	1,761	1,659	1,825	1,784	1,921	1,921
Planetary Science	1,501	1,275	1,346	1,447	1,631	1,846
Astrophysics	648	617	678	731	731	750
James Webb Space Telescope	519	628	658	645	620	569
Heliophysics	645	603	641	636	650	679
Education	—^a	—^a	—^a	—^a	37	—^a
Aeronautics	569	530	566	642	640	660
Space Technology	574	615	576	600	687	687
Exploration	3,707	3,706	4,113	3,543	4,030	4,324
Exploration Systems Development	3,002	2,884	3,115	3,212	3,680	3,929
- Orion MPCV	1,200	1,114	1,197	1,190	1,270	1,350
- Space Launch System	1,497	1,415	1,600	1,679	2,000	2,150
- Exploration Ground Systems	305	355	318	343	410	429
Commercial Spaceflight	406	525	696	—^b	—^b	—^b
Exploration R&D	300	297	302	331	350	395
Space Operations	4,184	3,725	3,774	4,626	5,029	4,951
Space Shuttle	596	39	0	8	—^c	0
International Space Station	2,790	2,776	2,964	1,525	—^c	—^c
Space Transportation	—^d	—^d	—^d	2,254	—^c	—^c
Space and Flight Support	798	910	810	839	—^c	—^c
Education	136	116	117	119	115	100
Space Grant	39	37	40	40	40	40
EPSCoR	17	17	18	18	18	18
MUREP	30	28	30	32	32	32
Other	50	34	29	29	25	10
Safety, Security, and Mission Services	2,994	2,711	2,793	2,755	2,769	2,769
Construction and EC&R	495	~~661~~^e	522	446	389	~~361~~^f
Inspector General	38	35	38	37	37	38
Total	~~17,770~~^g	16,879^e	17,647	18,010	19,285	~~19,653~~^f

Sources: FY2012-FY2015 from NASA FY2014-FY2017 congressional budget justifications. FY2016 from P.L. 114-113 and its explanatory statement. FY2017 from P.L. 115-31 and its explanatory statement. See text for further details.

~~Notes:~~ Some totals may not add because of rounding. MPCV = Multipurpose Crew Vehicle. R&D = Research and Development. EPSCoR = Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research. MUREP = Minority University Research (budget authority in $ millions) Science Earth Science Planetary Science FY2012 $5,074 1,761 FY2013 $4,782 1,659 FY2014 $5,148 1,825 FY2015 $5,243 1,784 FY2016 $5,584 1,927 FY2017 $5,765 1,921 1,501 1,275 1,346 1,447 1,628 1,846 Astrophysics 648 617 678 731 762 750 James Webb Space Telescope 519 628 658 645 620 569 Heliophysics 645 603 641 636 647 679 Aeronautics 569 530 566 642 634 660 Space Technology Exploration Exploration Systems Development 574 615 576 600 686 687 3,707 3,706 4,113 3,543 3,996 4,324 3,002 2,884 3,115 3,212 3,641 3,929 - Orion MPCV 1,200 1,114 1,197 1,190 1,270 1,350 - Space Launch System 1,497 1,415 1,600 1,679 1,972 2,150 305 355 318 343 399 429 406 525 696 —a —a —a - Exploration Ground Systems Commercial Spaceflight Exploration R&D Space Operations Space Shuttle International Space Station Space Transportation Space and Flight Support 300 297 302 331 355 395 4,184 3,725 3,774 4,626 5,032 4,951 596 39 0 8 5 0 2,790 2,776 2,964 1,525 1,436 n/s —b —b —b 2,254 2,668 n/sc 798 910 810 839 923 n/s 136 116 117 119 115 100 Space Grant 39 37 40 40 40 40 EPSCoR 17 17 18 18 18 18 MUREP 30 28 30 32 32 32 Other 50 34 29 29 25 10 2,994 2,711 2,769 Education Safety, Security, and Mission Services Construction and EC&R Inspector General Total 2,793 2,755 2,772 495 661d 522 446 427 470e 38 35 38 37 37 38 17,647 18,010 19,285 17,770f 16,879d 19,762e Sources: FY2012-FY2016 from NASA FY2014-FY2018 congressional budget justifications. FY2017 from P.L. 115-31 and explanatory statement, Congressional Record, May 3, 2017, pp. H3374-H3375. See text for details. Notes: Some totals may not add because of rounding. MPCV = Multipurpose Crew Vehicle. R&D = Research and Development. EPSCoR = Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research. MUREP = Minority University Research and Education Program. EC&R = Environmental Compliance and Remediation. n/s = not specified. a. Included in Space Transportation under Space Operations. b. Commercial Crew funded under Exploration. Remainder of Space Transportation included in International Space Station. c. Includes up to $1,185 million for Commercial Crew. d. ~~Education Program. EC&R = Environmental Compliance and Remediation.~~

a. ~~Included in Astrophysics and, in some years, Planetary Science.~~

b. ~~Included in Space Transportation under Space Operations.~~

c. ~~Not specified. Space Transportation includes up to $1,244 million (in FY2016) and up to $1,185 million (in FY2017) for Commercial Crew.~~

d. ~~Commercial Crew funded under Exploration. Remainder included in International Space Station.~~

e. Includes $14 million (after sequestration) of supplemental funding from the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2013 (P.L. 113-2) that is not shown in the NASA FY2015 congressional budget justification.

f. ~~Excludes~~ e. Includes $109 million in emergency funding (from Sec. 540 of P.L. 115-31) for repairs at NASA facilities damaged by natural disasters.

g. f. Includes rescission of $1 million from prior-year accounts not shown in the table.

Congressional Research Service 2 NASA Appropriations and Authorizations: A Fact Sheet Table 2. NASA Appropriations, ~~FY2016-FY2018, and Authorization, FY2017~~

~~(budget authority in $ millions)~~

	Appropriations								Authorization
	FY2016	FY2017						FY2018	FY2017
		Request
	Enacted	Total	Mand.	Discr.	H. Cte.	S. Cte.	Enacted	Request
Science	$5,589	$5,601	$298	$5,303	$5,597	$5,395	$5,765	$—^a	$5,500
Earth Science	1,921	2,032	60	1,972	1,690	1,984	1,921	1,800	—^a
Planetary Science	1,631	1,519	128	1,391	1,846	1,356	1,846	1,900	—^a
Astrophysics	731	782	85	697	793	807	750	—^a	—^a
James Webb Space Telescope	620	569	—	569	569	569	569	—^a	—^a
Heliophysics	650	699	25	674	699	679	679	—^a	—^a
Education	37	—^b	—	—^b	—^b	—^b	—^b	—^a	—^a
Aeronautics	640	790	156	635	712	601	660	624	640
Space Technology	687	827	136	691	739	687	687	—^a	686
Exploration	4,030	3,337	173	3,164	4,183	4,330	4,324	—^a	4,330
Exploration Systems Development	3,680	2,860	173	2,687	3,779	3,934	3,929	3,700	—^a
- Orion MPCV	1,270	1,120	66	1,053	1,350	1,300	1,350	—^a	—^a
- Space Launch System	2,000	1,310	80	1,230	2,000	2,150	2,150	—^a	—^a
FY2017-FY2018 (budget authority in $ millions) FY2018 Science FY2017 Total H. Cte. $5,765 $5,712 $5,859 S. Cte. Enacted $5,572 Earth Science 1,921 1,754 1,704 1,921 Planetary Science 1,846 1,930 2,121 1,612 Astrophysics 750 817 822 817 James Webb Space Telescope 569 534 534 534 Heliophysics 679 678 678 689 Aeronautics 660 624 660 650 Space Technology 687 679 687 700 4,324 3,934 4,550 4,395 Exploration Exploration Systems Development 3,929 3,584 4,100 4,045 - Orion MPCV 1,350 1,186 1,350 1,350 - Space Launch System 2,150 1,938 2,150 2,150 429 460 600 545 395 350 450 350 - Exploration ~~Ground Systems~~	410	429	26	403	429	484	429	—^a	—^a
Commercial Spaceflight	—^c	—^c	—	—^c	—^c	—^c	—^c	—^a	—^a
Exploration R&D	350	477	—	477	404	396	395	—^a	—^a
Space Operations	5,029	5,076	—	5,076	4,890	4,951	4,951	—^a	5,023
Space Shuttle	—^a	0	—	0	—^a	8	0	—^a	—^a
International Space Station	—^a	1,431	—	1,431	—^a	—^a	—^a	—^a	—^a
Space Transportation	—^a	2,758	—	2,758	—^a	—^a	—^a	—^a	—^a
Space and Flight Support	—^a	887	—	887	—^a	—^a	—^a	—^a	—^a
Education	115	100	—	100	115	108	100	0	115
Space Grant	40	24	—	24	40	40	40	0	—^a
EPSCoR	18	9	—	9	18	18	18	0	—^a
MUREP	32	30	—	30	32	32	32	0	—^a
Other	25	37	—	37	25	18	10	0	—^a
Safety, Security, and Mission Services	2,769	2,837	—	2,837	2,835	2,797	2,769	—^a	2,789
Construction and EC&R	389	420	—	420	398	400	~~361~~^d	—^a	388
Inspector General	37	38	—	38	38	38	38	—^a	37
Total	19,285	19,025	763	18,262	19,508	19,306	~~19,653~~^d	19,100	19,508

Sources: FY2016 enacted from P.L. 114-113 and its explanatory statement. FY2017 request from NASA FY2017 congressional budget justification (discretionary calculated by CRS by subtracting mandatory from total). FY2017 House committee from H.R. 5393 (114^th Congress) and H.Rept. 114-605~~. FY2017~~ Ground Systems Exploration R&D Space Operations 4,951 4,741 4,677 4,752 International Space Station n/s 1,491 n/s n/s Space Transportation n/sa 2,415 n/s 2,415 Space and Flight Support n/s 835 n/s n/s 100 37 90 100 Space Grant 40 n/s 40 40 EPSCoR 18 n/s 18 18 MUREP 32 n/s 32 32 Other 10 n/s 0 10 2,769 Education Safety, Security, and Mission Services Construction and EC&R Inspector General Total 2,830 2,826 2,827 470b 496 486 496 38 39 38 38 19,092 19,872 19,529 19,762b Sources: FY2017 from P.L. 115-31 and explanatory statement, Congressional Record, May 3, 2017, pp. H3374H3375. FY2018 request from FY2018 NASA congressional budget justification. FY2018 House committee from H.R. 3267 as reported and H.Rept. 115-231. FY2018 Senate committee from ~~S. 2837 (114^th~~ ~~Congress)~~S. 1662 as reported and ~~S.Rept. 114-239. FY2017 enacted from P.L. 115-31 and its explanatory statement. FY2018 request from budget blueprint released March 16, 2017. FY2017 authorization from P.L. 115-10~~S.Rept. 115-139. See text for ~~further~~ details.

Notes: Some totals may not add because of rounding. MPCV = Multipurpose Crew Vehicle. R&D = Research and Development. EPSCoR = ~~Experimental~~Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research. MUREP = Minority University Research and Education Program. EC&R = Environmental Compliance and Remediation.

a. Not specified. FY2016 enacted, FY2017 Senate committee, and FY2017 enacted amounts for Space Transportation include up to $1,244 million, up to $1,185 million, and up to $1,185 million respectively, for Commercial Crew.

b. Included in Astrophysics in request and Senate bill. House bill includes $37 million within Science total. Enacted Science total includes $37 million equally divided between Astrophysics and Planetary Science.

c. ~~Included in Space Transportation under Space Operations.~~

d. ~~Excludes $109 million in emergency funding~~ n/s = not specified. a. Includes up to $1,185 million for Commercial Crew. b. Includes $109 million in emergency funding (from Sec. 540 of P.L. 115-31) for repairs at NASA facilities damaged by natural disasters. Congressional Research Service 3 NASA Appropriations and Authorizations: A Fact Sheet Figure 1. NASA Funding, FY1958-FY2017 ~~damaged by natural disasters.~~

~~Figure 1. NASA Funding, FY1958-FY2017~~

Source: FY1958-FY2008 from National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Aeronautics and Space Report of the President: Fiscal Year 2008 Activities, , http://history.nasa.gov/presrep2008.pdf, Table D-1A. FY2009-~~FY2014~~FY2011 from NASA congressional budget justifications, FY2011-~~FY2016. FY2015 from P.L. 113-235. FY2016 from P.L. 114-113. FY2017 from P.L. 115-31~~FY2013. FY2012-FY2017 as in Table 1. Current dollars deflated to FY2017 dollars using GDP (chained) price index from President'’s budget for ~~FY2017~~FY2018, Historical Table 10.1, https://www.~~gpo~~whitehouse.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/omb/budget/fy2018/hist10z1.xls. Note:~~.gov/fdsys/pkg/BUDGET-2017-TAB/xls/BUDGET-2017-TAB-11-1.xls~~.

Note: Transition quarter between FY1976 and FY1977 not shown.

~~Author Contact Information~~

~~[author name scrubbed], Specialist in Science and Technology Policy ([email address scrubbed], [phone number scrubbed])~~

Footnotes

1.
See, for example, CRS Report R43918, Overview of FY2016 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS); CRS Report R43509, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2015 Appropriations, CRS Report R43080, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2014 Appropriations; CRS Report R42440, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2013 Appropriations; and CRS Report R41721, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2012 Appropriations.

Transition quarter between FY1976 and FY1977 not shown. Author Contact Information (name redacted) Specialist in Science and Technology Policy /redacted/@crs.loc.gov , 7-.... Congressional Research Service 4 EveryCRSReport.com The Congressional Research Service (CRS) is a federal legislative branch agency, housed inside the Library of Congress, charged with providing the United States Congress non-partisan advice on issues that may come before Congress. EveryCRSReport.com republishes CRS reports that are available to all Congressional staff. The reports are not classified, and Members of Congress routinely make individual reports available to the public. Prior to our republication, we redacted names, phone numbers and email addresses of analysts who produced the reports. We also added this page to the report. We have not intentionally made any other changes to any report published on EveryCRSReport.com. CRS reports, as a work of the United States government, are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS report may be reproduced and distributed in its entirety without permission from CRS. However, as a CRS report may include copyrighted images or material from a third party, you may need to obtain permission of the copyright holder if you wish to copy or otherwise use copyrighted material. Information in a CRS report should not be relied upon for purposes other than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to members of Congress in connection with CRS' institutional role. EveryCRSReport.com is not a government website and is not affiliated with CRS. We do not claim copyright on any CRS report we have republished.