Table 1. Principal Wars of Table 1. Principal Wars or Conflicts in Which the United States Participated: U.S. Military Personnel Serving and Casualties

(1775-1991)

Source: Defense Casualty Analysis System (DCAS), https://www.dmdc.osd.mil/dcas/pages/report_principal_wars.xhtml.

Notes: Data prior to World War I are based on incomplete records in many cases. Casualty data are confined to dead and wounded and, therefore, exclude personnel captured or missing in action who were subsequently returned to military control.

a. Marine Corps data for World War II, the Spanish-American War, and prior wars represent the number of individuals wounded, whereas all other data in this column represent the total number (incidence) of wounds.

b. Number serving not known, but estimates range from 184,000 to 250,000.

c. As reported by the Commissioner of Pensions in the annual report for FY1903.

d. The Civil War (1861-1865) produced the most American casualties, when both Union statistics and Confederate estimates are taken into account. e. Authoritative statistics for the Confederate forces are not available. Estimates of the number who served range from 600,000 to 1,500,000. The final report of the Provost Marshal General, 1863-1866, indicated 133,821 Confederate deaths (74,524 battle and 59,297 other) based upon incomplete returns. In addition, an estimated 26,000 to 31,000 Confederate personnel died in Union prisons.

e. f. The Marine Corps number serving is included in the Navy total.

f. g. Number serving covers the period April 21, 1898, to August 13, 1898, whereas dead and wounded data are for the period May 1, 1898, to August 31, 1898. Active hostilities ceased on August 13, 1898, but ratifications of the Treaty of Peace were not exchanged between the United States and Spain until April 11, 1899.

g. h. Includes air service. Battle deaths and wounds not mortal include casualties suffered by American forces in northern Russia to August 25, 1919, and in Siberia to April 1, 1920. Other deaths cover the period from April 1, 1917, to December 31, 1918.

h. i. World War II was the first war in which there were more American battle casualties than deaths from other causes, such as accidents, disease, and infections. j. Data are for the period December 1, 1941, through December 31, 1946, when hostilities were officially terminated by presidential proclamation, but a few battle deaths or wounds not mortal were incurred after the Japanese acceptance of the Allied peace terms on August 14, 1945. Numbers serving from December 1, 1941, through August 31, 1945, were as follows: Total 14,903,213; Army 10,420,000; Navy 3,883,520; and Marine Corps 599,693.

i. k. Includes Army air forces, also known as the Army Air Corps.

j. l. Battle deaths and wounds not mortal include casualties incurred in October 1941 due to hostile action.

k. m. Worldwide military deaths during the Korean War totaled 54,246. In-theater casualty records are updated annually.

l. n. Number serving covers the period August 5, 1964 ("Vietnam era" begins), through January 27, 1973 (date of cease-fire). Deaths include the period November 1, 1955 (commencement date for the Military Assistance Advisory Group),; through May 15, 1975 (date last American servicemembers left Southeast Asia). Casualty records are updated annually, including current deaths that are directly attributed to combat in the Vietnam Conflict. Additional detail shows the number of wounded-in-action servicemembers not requiring hospital care.

m. o. For this conflict, Coast Guard numbers are included with Navy. Report does not include one servicemember missing in action (Captain Michael "Scott" Speicher, whose remains were recovered in Iraq in 2009).

Table 2. Worldwide U.S. Active Duty Military Deaths in Selected Military Operations

(1980-1996)

Source: DCAS, https://www.dmdc.osd.mil/dcas/pages/report_operations.xhtml.

a. According to the Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms, as amended through August 31, 2005, a nonhostile casualty is a casualty that is not directly attributable to hostile action or terrorist activity, such as casualties due to the elements, self-inflicted wounds, or combat fatigue. The current version of the Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms, as amended through July 16, 2014, uses the term nonbattle casualty for nonhostile casualty. See http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/new_pubs/jp1_02.pdf.

b. The dictionary named above defines a hostile casualty as a person who is the victim of a terrorist activity or who becomes a casualty in action. In action characterizes the casualty as having been the direct result of hostile action, sustained in combat or relating thereto, or sustained going to or returning from a combat mission provided the occurrence was directly related to hostile action. Included are persons killed or wounded mistakenly or accidentally by friendly fire directed at a hostile force or what is thought to be a hostile force. However, not to be considered as sustained in action and not to be interpreted as hostile casualties are injuries or death due to the elements, self-inflicted wounds, combat fatigue, and, except in unusual cases, wounds or death inflicted by a friendly force while the individual is in an absent-without-leave, deserter, or dropped-from-rolls status or is voluntarily absent from a place of duty.

c. United Nations Operation in Somalia (April 1992-March 1993).

Table 3. Active Duty Military Deaths: Race/Ethnicity Summary

(as of July 25, 2009)

Source: Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC), https://www.dmdc.osd.mil/dcas/pages/Documents/RACE-OMB-WC.pdf

Note: Prior to the Korean War, race often went untracked. In the few cases in which race was tracked or recorded, soldiers were given a choice between some variation of "white" or "black"; categories such as "Hispanic or Latino," "Asian," or "Native American" were not used. "F" indicates female, and "M" indicates male.

a. Percentages of total female or male deaths, divided by ethnicity. For instance, in the Persian Gulf War, 20% of female deaths were black or African American and 80% of female deaths were white.

b. Totals may not equal 100% due to rounding. Figures include worldwide and Global War on Terror deaths.

0

104

0

226

0

3

Asian

0

241

0

139

0

1

Black or African American

0

3,075

0

7,243

3

63

Hispanic or Latino

0

306

0

0

0

1

Hispanic or Latino—One or More Races

0

576

0

350

0

14

More Than One Race or Unknown

0

2,853

0

204

0

3

Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

0

148

0

229

0

2

White

2

29,269

8

49,826

12

280

Total

2

36,572

8

58,217

15

367

Percentage^a

F

M

F

M

F

M

American Indian or Alaska Native

0

0.3

0

0.4

0

0.8

Asian

0

0.7

0

0.2

0

0.3

Black or African American

0

8.4

0

12.4

20.0

17.2

Hispanic or Latino

0

0.8

0

0

0

0.3

Hispanic or Latino—One or More Races

0

1.6

0

0.6

0

3.8

More Than One Race or Unknown

0

7.8

0

0.4

0

0.8

Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

0

0.4

0

0.4

0

0.5

White

0

80.0

0

85.6

80.0

76.3

Source: Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC), https://www.dmdc.osd.mil/dcas/pages/Documents/RACE-OMB-WC.pdf. Note: Prior to the Korean War, race often went untracked. In the few cases in which race was tracked or recorded, soldiers were given a choice between some variation of "white" or "black"; categories such as "Hispanic or Latino," "Asian," or "Native American" were not used. "F" indicates female, and "M" indicates male. In 2010, Census changed Hispanic as a race to an ethnicity. The definition of Hispanic of Latino origin used in the 2010 Census was as follows: "Hispanic or Ltino" refers to a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race. See Census document. See Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2010 Census Brief, at http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-02.pdf. a. Percentages of total female or male deaths, divided by ethnicity. For instance, in the Persian Gulf War, 20% of female deaths were black or African American and 80% of female deaths were white.

Table 4. U.S. Active Duty Military Deaths, 1980-2010, Part I: Total Military Personnel

(as of November 2011)

Source: DCAS, https://www.dmdc.osd.mil/dcas/pages/report_by_year_manner.xhtml.

Note: Official Department of Defense (DOD) end-strengths as of December 31 for military pay accounts. Excludes full-time Guard and Reserve.

a. Full-time equivalent (FTE) is based on official DOD fiscal year end selected reserve strength (10% of the figure is used to estimate days on active duty). Table 5. U.S. Active Duty Military Deaths, 1980- 2010, Part II: Cause of Death

(as of November 2011)

Calendar Year Total Deaths

Accident

Hostile Action

Homicide

Illness

Pending

Self-Inflicted Terrorist Attack

Undetermined

1980

2,392

1,556

0

174

419

0

231

1

11

1981

2,380

1,524

0

145

457

0

241

0

13

1982

2,319

1,493

0

108

446

0

254

2

16

1983

2,465

1,413

18

115

419

0

218

263

19

1984

1,999

1,293

1

84

374

0

225

6

16

1985

2,252

1,476

0

111

363

0

275

5

22

1986

1,984

1,199

2

103

384

0

269

0

27

1987

1,983

1,172

37

104

383

0

260

2

25

1988

1,819

1,080

0

90

321

0

285

17

26

1989

1,636

1,000

23

58

294

0

224

0

37

1990

1,507

880

0

74

277

0

232

1

43

1991

1,787

931

147

112

308

0

256

0

33

1992

1,293

676

0

109

252

0

238

1

17

1993

1,213

632

0

86

221

0

236

29

9

1994

1,075

544

0

83

206

0

232

0

10

1995

1,040

538

0

67

174

0

250

7

4

1996

974

527

1

52

173

0

188

19

14

1997

817

433

0

42

170

0

159

0

13

1998

827

445

0

26

174

0

165

3

14

1999

796

439

0

38

154

0

150

0

15

2000

832

429

0

37

180

0

153

17

16

2001

943

461

12

49

197

0

153

46

25

2002

1,051

565

17

54

213

0

174

0

28

2003

1,399

597

312

46

231

1

190

0

22

2004

1,847

605

735

46

256

0

197

0

8

2005

1,929

646

739

54

280

1

182

0

27

2006

1,882

561

769

47

257

8

213

0

27

2007

1,953

561

847

52

237

22

211

0

23

2008

1,440

506

352

47

244

6

259

1

25

2009

1,515

467

346

77

277

19

302

0

27

2010

1,485

424

456

39

238

22

289

0

17

Source: DCAS, https://www.dmdc.osd.mil/dcas/pages/report_by_year_manner.xhtml. Table 6. Korean War: Casualty Summary

(as of June 6, 2016)

Casualty Type

Total

Army

Air Force

Marine Corps

Navy

Killed in Action

23,613

19,715

209

3,320

369

Died of Wounds

2,460

1,887

14

532

27

Missing in Action—Declared Dead

4,817

3,337

991

386

103

Captured—Declared Dead

2,849

2,792

24

29

4

Total Hostile Deaths

33,739

27,731

1,238

4,267

503

Missing—Presumed Dead

8

4

4

0

0

Other Deaths

2,827

2,121

310

242

154

Total Nonhostile Deaths

2,835

2,125

314

242

154

Total In-Theater Deaths^a

36,574

29,856

1,552

4,509

657

Total Non-Theater Deaths

17,672

7,277

5,532

1,019

3,844

Total Deaths

54,246

37,133

7,084

5,528

4,501

Killed in Action (No Remains)

1,521

1,072

49

252

148

Died of Wounds (No Remains)

22

22

0

0

0

Missing in Action—Declared Dead (No Remains)

4,549

3,276

807

372

94

Captured—Declared Dead (No Remains)

1,891

1,850

13

25

3

Nonhostile Missing—Presumed Dead (No Remains)

8

4

4

0

0

Nonhostile Other Deaths (No Remains)

84

5

37

6

36

Total—No Remains

8,075

6,229

910

655

281

Wounded—Not Mortal

103,284

77,596

368

23,744

1,576

Number Serving Worldwide^b

5,720,000

2,834,000

1,285,000

424,000

1,177,000

Number Serving In-Theater^b

1,789,000

1,153,000

241,000

130,000

265,000

Source: DCAS, https://www.dmdc.osd.mil/dcas/pages/report_korea_sum.xhtml. a. Inclusive dates are June 25, 1950, to July 27, 1953. Casualty dates after the end date represent servicemembers who were wounded during the period and subsequently died as a result of those wounds and servicemembers who were involved in an incident during the period and were later declared dead. b. Estimated figures. Table 7. Vietnam Conflict: Casualty Summary

(as of June 6, 2016)

Casualty Type

Total

Army

Air Force

Marine Corps

Navy^a

Killed in Action

40,934

27,047

1,080

11,501

1,306

Died of Wounds

5,299

3,610

51

1,486

152

Missing in Action—Declared Dead

1,085

261

589

98

137

Captured—Declared Dead

116

45

25

10

36

Total Hostile Deaths

47,434

30,963

1,745

13,095

1,631

Missing—Presumed Dead

123

118

0

3

2

Other Deaths

10,663

7,143

841

1,746

933

Total Nonhostile Deaths

10,786

7,261

841

1,749

935

Total In-Theater Deaths

58,220

38,224

2,586

14,844

2,566

Killed in Action (No Remains)

575

173

206

102

94

Missing in Action—Declared Dead (No Remains)

691

201

339

74

77

Captured—Declared Dead (No Remains)

52

32

7

3

10

Nonhostile Missing—Presumed Dead(No Remains)

91

86

0

3

2

Nonhostile Other Deaths (No Remains)

332

69

30

37

196

Total—No Remains

1,741

561

582

219

379

Wounded—Not Mortal

153,303

96,802

931

51,392

4,178

Number Serving Worldwide^b

8,744,000

4,368,000

1,740,000

794,000

1,842,000

Number Serving Southeast Asia

3,403,000

2,276,000

385,000

513,000

229,000

Number Serving South Vietnam

2,594,000

1,736,000

293,000

391,000

174,000

Source: DCAS, https://www.dmdc.osd.mil/dcas/pages/report_vietnam_sum.xhtml.

Notes: Inclusive dates are November 1, 1955, to May 15, 1975. Casualty dates after the end date represent servicemembers who were wounded during the period and subsequently died as a result of those wounds and those servicemembers who were involved in an incident during the period and were later declared dead.

a. Includes Coast Guard. b. Estimated figures. Table 8. Persian Gulf War: Casualty Summary

(Desert Shield and Desert Storm; as of June 6, 2016)

Casualty Type

Total

Army

Air Force

Marine Corps

Navy^a

Killed in Action

143

96

20

22

5

Died of Wounds

4

2

0

2

0

Missing in Action—Declared Dead

0

0

0

0

0

Captured—Declared Dead

0

0

0

0

0

Total Hostile Deaths

147

98

20

24

5

Missing—Presumed Dead

12

0

2

8

2

Other Deaths

223

126

13

36

48

Total Nonhostile Deaths

235

126

15

44

50

Total In-Theater Deaths

382

224

35

68

55

Total Non-Theater Deaths

1,565

608

299

171

487

Total Deaths

1,947

832

334

239

542

Killed in Action (No Remains)

2

0

0

0

2

Missing in Action (No Remains)

0

0

0

0

0

Captured—Declared Dead (No Remains)

0

0

0

0

0

Nonhostile Missing—Presumed Dead (No Remains)

12

0

2

8

2

Total—No Remains

14

0

2

8

4

Wounded—Not Mortal

467

354

9

92

12

Serving Worldwide^b

2,225,000

782,000

561,000

213,000

669,000

Serving In-Theater—Active Duty

584,342

271,654

70,741

90,866

151,081

Full-time equivalent (FTE) is based on official DOD fiscal year end selected reserve strength (10% of the figure is used to estimate days on active duty).