Since the 1980s, the United States Supreme Court has
issued a series of decisions narrowing the applicability of the exclusionary rule. As such, the
exclusionary rule is inapplicable in civil cases, grand jury proceedings, and parole revocation
hearings. Other exceptions to the exclusionary rule include inevitable or independent discovery,
attenuation, and the good-faith exception. In Hudson v. Michigan, 126 S.Ct. 2159 (2006), the Court
further narrowed the applicability of the exclusionary rule by finding that the rule was not an
appropriate remedy when police officers fail to wait a few seconds after they knock and announce
their presence while executing a valid search warrant. This report summarizes the Court's decision
in Hudson and will not be updated.