Members of Congress may assess the economic well-being of households in the geographic areas they represent: states and congressional districts. This report describes two widely used statistical measures: median household income (a single number that represents the middle of the income distribution) and the poverty rate (the percentage of the population that lives in poverty, with income below a dollar threshold that represents needs for a low level of material well-being). It also provides current estimates for states and U.S. House districts based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS), a large-scale survey of U.S. households.
Members of Congress may assess the economic well-being of households in the geographic areas they represent: states and congressional districts. This report describes two widely used statistical measures: median household income and the poverty rate. It also provides current estimates for states and U.S. House districts based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS), a large-scale survey of U.S. households.
"Income" is the money that "households"1 receive from wages and salary, investments, government benefit programs such as Social Security, and other sources.2 "Median household income" provides a single number that represents the middle of the household income distribution.
People living in "poverty" lack the financial resources to meet a basic level of material well-being.3 This is often measured by comparing the income of a family or individual to a "poverty threshold," or dollar amount that represents needs for a low level of material well-being. Poverty thresholds vary by family size and composition, to reflect that families of different sizes and compositions have different levels of basic needs. The poverty thresholds are updated annually for inflation, but they do not vary from region to region. If an individual's or family's income is below the threshold appropriate for its size and composition, then they are in poverty.
The "poverty rate" is the percentage of the population (using an adjusted population total) that lives in poverty.4
|
Median Income: Less Sensitive to Outliers Than the Mean The median is generally a useful measure for analyzing income because it is not very sensitive to outliers, unlike other measures such as the mean (arithmetic average). Consider the income distribution in a town that has just four households:
In this example, the median and the mean happen to be the same number. The median is the dollar amount that divides the group of households into two halves (the middle number)—in this case, $35,000. The mean is the sum of all the incomes ($140,000) divided by the number of households (4) = $35,000. If a new household with high income moves into town, these two measures behave very differently:
The median income—the middle of the income distribution—becomes $40,000 (Household 3's income). The mean income (the sum of incomes divided by the number of households: $1,000,000 / 5) becomes $200,000. Because income distributions tend to have outliers, medians are generally better than means at summarizing the economic well-being of the households in an area. |
The tables in this report use ACS data from the Census Bureau because they provide consistent, comparable, and regularly updated income and poverty statistics for states and congressional districts.
The ACS is a large-scale survey of U.S. households, conducted on a rolling basis.5 Data are tabulated at multiple geographic levels, from the nation as a whole down to census tracts and block groups. These include tabulations for geographic areas not typically included in other income statistics, such as American Indian reservations and U.S. House districts. In addition, breakdowns are available for racial and ethnic groups.
One-year ACS estimates are available for any geographic area with more than 65,000 residents. These estimates are based on 12 consecutive months of responses. For smaller areas, five-year ACS estimates combine 60 consecutive months of responses to produce a sample size large enough to produce estimates that meet the Census Bureau's standards for statistical precision. The ACS covers the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, but not other U.S. territories.6
These figures, like all estimates from household surveys, are affected by both sampling error and nonsampling error. Sampling error is uncertainty that results from using a sample instead of the entire population; the margins of error in the tables below are measures of sampling error. Nonsampling error consists of errors such as respondents misreporting information, or other errors in data collection and processing. Income tends to be underreported in household surveys, particularly for participation in government benefit programs and retirement income.7
The Census Bureau recommends using one-year ACS estimates for income and poverty data at the state level.8 Other surveys also collect information used to compute income and poverty estimates, but those estimates are designed for other purposes: either for greater detail at the national level on detailed economic and social characteristics (by asking a more detailed set of questions of a smaller sample of households), or by using a model to get greater statistical precision for a limited number of characteristics. Discussion of alternative data sources is available in CRS Report R44780, An Introduction to Poverty Measurement, by Joseph Dalaker.
This section contains current one-year ACS estimates for each of the 50 states plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico: median household income in 2024 U.S. dollars (Table 1), and the poverty rate (Table 2). These estimates come with margins of error as indicated. (An Excel workbook containing the same information can be downloaded from the HTML versions of this report.)
Table 1. Median Household Income by State in 2024
American Community Survey (ACS) one-year estimates for the 50 states plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico
|
State |
Estimate ($) |
Margin of Error (±) |
|
Alabama |
$66,659 |
$780 |
|
Alaska |
$95,665 |
$3,278 |
|
Arizona |
$81,486 |
$684 |
|
Arkansas |
$62,106 |
$831 |
|
California |
$100,149 |
$381 |
|
Colorado |
$97,113 |
$1,081 |
|
Connecticut |
$96,049 |
$1,824 |
|
Delaware |
$87,534 |
$2,747 |
|
District of Columbia |
$109,707 |
$4,149 |
|
Florida |
$77,735 |
$564 |
|
Georgia |
$79,991 |
$633 |
|
Hawaii |
$100,745 |
$1,760 |
|
Idaho |
$81,166 |
$1,340 |
|
Illinois |
$83,211 |
$898 |
|
Indiana |
$71,959 |
$630 |
|
Iowa |
$75,501 |
$1,016 |
|
Kansas |
$75,514 |
$996 |
|
Kentucky |
$64,526 |
$1,165 |
|
Louisiana |
$60,986 |
$803 |
|
Maine |
$76,442 |
$1,354 |
|
Maryland |
$102,905 |
$1,404 |
|
Massachusetts |
$104,828 |
$1,650 |
|
Michigan |
$72,389 |
$567 |
|
Minnesota |
$87,117 |
$961 |
|
Mississippi |
$59,127 |
$1,560 |
|
Missouri |
$71,589 |
$703 |
|
Montana |
$75,340 |
$1,635 |
|
Nebraska |
$76,376 |
$1,384 |
|
Nevada |
$81,134 |
$1,112 |
|
New Hampshire |
$99,782 |
$2,489 |
|
New Jersey |
$104,294 |
$997 |
|
New Mexico |
$67,816 |
$1,867 |
|
New York |
$85,820 |
$653 |
|
North Carolina |
$73,958 |
$863 |
|
North Dakota |
$77,871 |
$2,755 |
|
Ohio |
$72,212 |
$538 |
|
Oklahoma |
$66,148 |
$663 |
|
Oregon |
$85,220 |
$1,399 |
|
Pennsylvania |
$77,545 |
$816 |
|
Puerto Rico |
$27,213 |
$751 |
|
Rhode Island |
$83,504 |
$3,548 |
|
South Carolina |
$72,350 |
$959 |
|
South Dakota |
$76,881 |
$1,990 |
|
Tennessee |
$71,997 |
$638 |
|
Texas |
$79,721 |
$564 |
|
Utah |
$96,658 |
$1,179 |
|
Vermont |
$82,730 |
$1,846 |
|
Virginia |
$92,090 |
$831 |
|
Washington |
$99,389 |
$1,322 |
|
West Virginia |
$60,798 |
$1,120 |
|
Wisconsin |
$77,488 |
$902 |
|
Wyoming |
$75,532 |
$2,468 |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey (ACS), Table B19013, "Median Household Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars)."
Notes: The margin of error is a measure of the estimate's uncertainty: the greater the margin of error, the less certain the estimate. It is based on the 90% confidence interval (the span from the estimate minus the margin of error to the estimate plus the margin of error). If the survey could be readministered to every possible sample of households, most of the samples would produce slightly different estimates. However, the confidence intervals around 90% of those estimates would contain the true value (barring any systematic bias in the survey).
Table 2. Poverty Rates by State in 2024
American Community Survey (ACS) one-year estimates for the 50 states plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico
|
State |
Estimate (%) |
Margin of Error (±) |
|
Alabama |
15.2% |
0.5 |
|
Alaska |
10.2% |
0.9 |
|
Arizona |
11.7% |
0.4 |
|
Arkansas |
15.5% |
0.6 |
|
California |
11.8% |
0.2 |
|
Colorado |
9.6% |
0.4 |
|
Connecticut |
10.2% |
0.6 |
|
Delaware |
9.6% |
1.1 |
|
District of Columbia |
17.3% |
1.7 |
|
Florida |
12.0% |
0.3 |
|
Georgia |
12.6% |
0.3 |
|
Hawaii |
10.0% |
0.7 |
|
Idaho |
10.5% |
0.7 |
|
Illinois |
11.6% |
0.3 |
|
Indiana |
12.2% |
0.4 |
|
Iowa |
11.3% |
0.4 |
|
Kansas |
10.9% |
0.5 |
|
Kentucky |
15.6% |
0.5 |
|
Louisiana |
18.7% |
0.6 |
|
Maine |
10.6% |
0.6 |
|
Maryland |
9.1% |
0.4 |
|
Massachusetts |
9.7% |
0.3 |
|
Michigan |
13.4% |
0.3 |
|
Minnesota |
9.3% |
0.4 |
|
Mississippi |
17.8% |
0.8 |
|
Missouri |
12.3% |
0.4 |
|
Montana |
10.2% |
0.7 |
|
Nebraska |
10.9% |
0.6 |
|
Nevada |
11.6% |
0.7 |
|
New Hampshire |
7.2% |
0.6 |
|
New Jersey |
9.2% |
0.3 |
|
New Mexico |
16.4% |
0.9 |
|
New York |
14.0% |
0.3 |
|
North Carolina |
12.5% |
0.3 |
|
North Dakota |
11.1% |
0.9 |
|
Ohio |
12.7% |
0.3 |
|
Oklahoma |
14.9% |
0.4 |
|
Oregon |
11.8% |
0.5 |
|
Pennsylvania |
11.6% |
0.3 |
|
Puerto Rico |
37.3% |
1.0 |
|
Rhode Island |
12.2% |
1.0 |
|
South Carolina |
13.3% |
0.5 |
|
South Dakota |
10.4% |
0.8 |
|
Tennessee |
13.5% |
0.4 |
|
Texas |
13.4% |
0.2 |
|
Utah |
8.3% |
0.4 |
|
Vermont |
9.0% |
0.8 |
|
Virginia |
9.7% |
0.3 |
|
Washington |
9.9% |
0.3 |
|
West Virginia |
16.7% |
0.7 |
|
Wisconsin |
10.3% |
0.3 |
|
Wyoming |
10.1% |
1.2 |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey (ACS), Table DP03, "Selected Economic Characteristics."
Notes: The poverty rate is the percentage of people whose income in the past 12 months was below the poverty level. The margin of error is a measure of the estimate's uncertainty: the greater the margin of error, the less certain the estimate. It is based on the 90% confidence interval (the span from the estimate minus the margin of error to the estimate plus the margin of error). If the survey could be readministered to every possible sample of households, most of the samples would produce slightly different estimates. However, the confidence intervals around 90% of those estimates would contain the true value (barring any systematic bias in the survey).
The ACS is the only Census Bureau program that publishes income and poverty data at the congressional district level. One-year ACS estimates are available for all 435 House districts.
Table 3 shows the latest one-year ACS estimates for median household income in each of the 435 U.S. House districts as configured for the 119th Congress (2025-2026)9 in 2024 U.S. dollars. Table 4 does likewise for poverty rates. These estimates come with margins of error as indicated. (An Excel workbook containing the same information can be downloaded from the HTML versions of this report.)
Table 3. Median Household Income by Congressional District in 2024
American Community Survey (ACS) one-year estimates for U.S. House Districts in the 119th Congress
|
District |
Estimate ($) |
Margin of Error (±) |
|
|
Alabama, District 1 |
$71,253 |
$2,214 |
|
|
Alabama, District 2 |
$54,977 |
$2,808 |
|
|
Alabama, District 3 |
$62,191 |
$1,717 |
|
|
Alabama, District 4 |
$63,203 |
$2,303 |
|
|
Alabama, District 5 |
$80,140 |
$2,907 |
|
|
Alabama, District 6 |
$86,712 |
$2,830 |
|
|
Alabama, District 7 |
$54,635 |
$2,161 |
|
|
Alaska, At-Large District |
$95,665 |
$3,278 |
|
|
Arizona, District 1 |
$102,195 |
$1,930 |
|
|
Arizona, District 2 |
$70,376 |
$2,161 |
|
|
Arizona, District 3 |
$70,539 |
$2,090 |
|
|
Arizona, District 4 |
$82,539 |
$2,851 |
|
|
Arizona, District 5 |
$112,116 |
$4,235 |
|
|
Arizona, District 6 |
$80,251 |
$2,262 |
|
|
Arizona, District 7 |
$60,932 |
$2,988 |
|
|
Arizona, District 8 |
$85,593 |
$2,949 |
|
|
Arizona, District 9 |
$80,463 |
$2,437 |
|
|
Arkansas, District 1 |
$52,325 |
$1,751 |
|
|
Arkansas, District 2 |
$67,021 |
$2,144 |
|
|
Arkansas, District 3 |
$75,345 |
$2,682 |
|
|
Arkansas, District 4 |
$54,533 |
$1,939 |
|
|
California, District 1 |
$69,829 |
$2,502 |
|
|
California, District 2 |
$97,004 |
$4,559 |
|
|
California, District 3 |
$107,122 |
$2,989 |
|
|
California, District 4 |
$98,067 |
$3,980 |
|
|
California, District 5 |
$94,859 |
$3,955 |
|
|
California, District 6 |
$87,640 |
$3,126 |
|
|
California, District 7 |
$96,869 |
$4,883 |
|
|
California, District 8 |
$95,876 |
$4,391 |
|
|
California, District 9 |
$92,036 |
$2,796 |
|
|
California, District 10 |
$151,546 |
$5,846 |
|
|
California, District 11 |
$142,524 |
$6,089 |
|
|
California, District 12 |
$111,408 |
$4,318 |
|
|
California, District 13 |
$68,434 |
$2,901 |
|
|
California, District 14 |
$137,402 |
$5,359 |
|
|
California, District 15 |
$151,494 |
$6,688 |
|
|
California, District 16 |
$181,659 |
$8,262 |
|
|
California, District 17 |
$181,913 |
$7,064 |
|
|
California, District 18 |
$103,010 |
$3,657 |
|
|
California, District 19 |
$124,559 |
$3,913 |
|
|
California, District 20 |
$90,892 |
$2,897 |
|
|
California, District 21 |
$66,399 |
$2,989 |
|
|
California, District 22 |
$60,072 |
$2,463 |
|
|
California, District 23 |
$77,137 |
$3,204 |
|
|
California, District 24 |
$98,127 |
$3,901 |
|
|
California, District 25 |
$69,516 |
$3,119 |
|
|
California, District 26 |
$120,711 |
$4,123 |
|
|
California, District 27 |
$103,643 |
$3,100 |
|
|
California, District 28 |
$111,299 |
$5,234 |
|
|
California, District 29 |
$76,888 |
$2,937 |
|
|
California, District 30 |
$89,846 |
$3,668 |
|
|
California, District 31 |
$90,291 |
$3,126 |
|
|
California, District 32 |
$108,176 |
$4,006 |
|
|
California, District 33 |
$90,288 |
$5,089 |
|
|
California, District 34 |
$63,879 |
$2,360 |
|
|
California, District 35 |
$94,230 |
$3,119 |
|
|
California, District 36 |
$131,181 |
$3,646 |
|
|
California, District 37 |
$69,595 |
$2,830 |
|
|
California, District 38 |
$101,415 |
$3,653 |
|
|
California, District 39 |
$91,174 |
$1,878 |
|
|
California, District 40 |
$134,956 |
$3,975 |
|
|
California, District 41 |
$101,842 |
$2,819 |
|
|
California, District 42 |
$81,927 |
$3,369 |
|
|
California, District 43 |
$75,336 |
$3,222 |
|
|
California, District 44 |
$90,834 |
$2,839 |
|
|
California, District 45 |
$105,531 |
$3,350 |
|
|
California, District 46 |
$90,685 |
$3,834 |
|
|
California, District 47 |
$127,773 |
$7,435 |
|
|
California, District 48 |
$114,972 |
$3,526 |
|
|
California, District 49 |
$121,511 |
$3,691 |
|
|
California, District 50 |
$121,243 |
$3,727 |
|
|
California, District 51 |
$113,978 |
$3,793 |
|
|
California, District 52 |
$85,163 |
$3,077 |
|
|
Colorado, District 1 |
$93,102 |
$3,992 |
|
|
Colorado, District 2 |
$100,659 |
$3,656 |
|
|
Colorado, District 3 |
$71,165 |
$2,482 |
|
|
Colorado, District 4 |
$120,070 |
$3,279 |
|
|
Colorado, District 5 |
$91,125 |
$2,774 |
|
|
Colorado, District 6 |
$103,252 |
$3,138 |
|
|
Colorado, District 7 |
$104,378 |
$3,378 |
|
|
Colorado, District 8 |
$100,033 |
$3,700 |
|
|
Connecticut, District 1 |
$85,466 |
$4,286 |
|
|
Connecticut, District 2 |
$98,155 |
$2,681 |
|
|
Connecticut, District 3 |
$91,435 |
$3,194 |
|
|
Connecticut, District 4 |
$122,642 |
$4,100 |
|
|
Connecticut, District 5 |
$92,097 |
$2,974 |
|
|
Delaware, At-Large District |
$87,534 |
$2,747 |
|
|
Florida, District 1 |
$77,014 |
$2,381 |
|
|
Florida, District 2 |
$66,684 |
$2,594 |
|
|
Florida, District 3 |
$63,348 |
$2,608 |
|
|
Florida, District 4 |
$76,209 |
$3,254 |
|
|
Florida, District 5 |
$90,333 |
$3,269 |
|
|
Florida, District 6 |
$65,999 |
$2,440 |
|
|
Florida, District 7 |
$82,897 |
$2,823 |
|
|
Florida, District 8 |
$78,386 |
$1,989 |
|
|
Florida, District 9 |
$81,134 |
$3,106 |
|
|
Florida, District 10 |
$72,256 |
$3,141 |
|
|
Florida, District 11 |
$87,147 |
$2,513 |
|
|
Florida, District 12 |
$68,503 |
$2,337 |
|
|
Florida, District 13 |
$75,904 |
$1,985 |
|
|
Florida, District 14 |
$81,076 |
$3,075 |
|
|
Florida, District 15 |
$72,384 |
$2,953 |
|
|
Florida, District 16 |
$88,995 |
$3,554 |
|
|
Florida, District 17 |
$79,214 |
$3,356 |
|
|
Florida, District 18 |
$64,757 |
$2,323 |
|
|
Florida, District 19 |
$88,378 |
$3,615 |
|
|
Florida, District 20 |
$70,263 |
$3,446 |
|
|
Florida, District 21 |
$86,626 |
$4,540 |
|
|
Florida, District 22 |
$83,106 |
$3,044 |
|
|
Florida, District 23 |
$90,649 |
$4,955 |
|
|
Florida, District 24 |
$72,293 |
$4,178 |
|
|
Florida, District 25 |
$87,097 |
$3,658 |
|
|
Florida, District 26 |
$75,619 |
$2,915 |
|
|
Florida, District 27 |
$82,215 |
$2,675 |
|
|
Florida, District 28 |
$83,629 |
$4,119 |
|
|
Georgia, District 1 |
$72,484 |
$3,491 |
|
|
Georgia, District 2 |
$51,802 |
$1,556 |
|
|
Georgia, District 3 |
$83,442 |
$3,930 |
|
|
Georgia, District 4 |
$71,524 |
$2,140 |
|
|
Georgia, District 5 |
$80,567 |
$2,694 |
|
|
Georgia, District 6 |
$90,929 |
$3,174 |
|
|
Georgia, District 7 |
$135,546 |
$5,771 |
|
|
Georgia, District 8 |
$61,302 |
$2,196 |
|
|
Georgia, District 9 |
$84,963 |
$2,714 |
|
|
Georgia, District 10 |
$79,167 |
$3,284 |
|
|
Georgia, District 11 |
$98,527 |
$3,556 |
|
|
Georgia, District 12 |
$62,739 |
$2,674 |
|
|
Georgia, District 13 |
$84,937 |
$3,307 |
|
|
Georgia, District 14 |
$78,969 |
$2,284 |
|
|
Hawaii, District 1 |
$102,713 |
$2,831 |
|
|
Hawaii, District 2 |
$97,135 |
$4,232 |
|
|
Idaho, District 1 |
$82,979 |
$2,083 |
|
|
Idaho, District 2 |
$79,009 |
$2,389 |
|
|
Illinois, District 1 |
$69,490 |
$4,076 |
|
|
Illinois, District 2 |
$63,599 |
$2,967 |
|
|
Illinois, District 3 |
$87,098 |
$3,516 |
|
|
Illinois, District 4 |
$80,103 |
$4,258 |
|
|
Illinois, District 5 |
$111,545 |
$3,305 |
|
|
Illinois, District 6 |
$96,658 |
$3,039 |
|
|
Illinois, District 7 |
$90,223 |
$4,341 |
|
|
Illinois, District 8 |
$96,230 |
$4,468 |
|
|
Illinois, District 9 |
$90,111 |
$4,272 |
|
|
Illinois, District 10 |
$103,955 |
$2,745 |
|
|
Illinois, District 11 |
$108,620 |
$2,865 |
|
|
Illinois, District 12 |
$70,903 |
$1,318 |
|
|
Illinois, District 13 |
$64,968 |
$2,373 |
|
|
Illinois, District 14 |
$98,492 |
$4,624 |
|
|
Illinois, District 15 |
$74,855 |
$2,258 |
|
|
Illinois, District 16 |
$85,435 |
$2,511 |
|
|
Illinois, District 17 |
$60,530 |
$1,808 |
|
|
Indiana, District 1 |
$75,199 |
$1,932 |
|
|
Indiana, District 2 |
$66,934 |
$1,675 |
|
|
Indiana, District 3 |
$71,542 |
$1,253 |
|
|
Indiana, District 4 |
$78,399 |
$2,442 |
|
|
Indiana, District 5 |
$80,542 |
$2,375 |
|
|
Indiana, District 6 |
$77,374 |
$2,076 |
|
|
Indiana, District 7 |
$64,843 |
$2,292 |
|
|
Indiana, District 8 |
$65,297 |
$1,789 |
|
|
Indiana, District 9 |
$70,510 |
$2,792 |
|
|
Iowa, District 1 |
$72,200 |
$2,747 |
|
|
Iowa, District 2 |
$75,299 |
$1,789 |
|
|
Iowa, District 3 |
$80,284 |
$2,498 |
|
|
Iowa, District 4 |
$73,295 |
$1,649 |
|
|
Kansas, District 1 |
$67,677 |
$2,211 |
|
|
Kansas, District 2 |
$68,050 |
$2,895 |
|
|
Kansas, District 3 |
$101,317 |
$2,451 |
|
|
Kansas, District 4 |
$70,671 |
$1,491 |
|
|
Kentucky, District 1 |
$57,974 |
$2,473 |
|
|
Kentucky, District 2 |
$68,629 |
$1,896 |
|
|
Kentucky, District 3 |
$68,989 |
$3,234 |
|
|
Kentucky, District 4 |
$81,874 |
$2,515 |
|
|
Kentucky, District 5 |
$46,664 |
$1,658 |
|
|
Kentucky, District 6 |
$68,419 |
$2,958 |
|
|
Louisiana, District 1 |
$79,823 |
$3,886 |
|
|
Louisiana, District 2 |
$58,115 |
$1,973 |
|
|
Louisiana, District 3 |
$59,769 |
$2,956 |
|
|
Louisiana, District 4 |
$60,858 |
$2,340 |
|
|
Louisiana, District 5 |
$59,583 |
$2,483 |
|
|
Louisiana, District 6 |
$50,642 |
$2,030 |
|
|
Maine, District 1 |
$90,131 |
$2,885 |
|
|
Maine, District 2 |
$67,291 |
$1,768 |
|
|
Maryland, District 1 |
$95,306 |
$3,237 |
|
|
Maryland, District 2 |
$94,537 |
$4,200 |
|
|
Maryland, District 3 |
$136,641 |
$5,496 |
|
|
Maryland, District 4 |
$87,647 |
$4,171 |
|
|
Maryland, District 5 |
$128,699 |
$3,531 |
|
|
Maryland, District 6 |
$105,125 |
$4,140 |
|
|
Maryland, District 7 |
$66,738 |
$2,456 |
|
|
Maryland, District 8 |
$146,362 |
$6,229 |
|
|
Massachusetts, District 1 |
$75,462 |
$3,625 |
|
|
Massachusetts, District 2 |
$97,024 |
$3,550 |
|
|
Massachusetts, District 3 |
$98,501 |
$4,658 |
|
|
Massachusetts, District 4 |
$115,485 |
$3,781 |
|
|
Massachusetts, District 5 |
$136,612 |
$5,790 |
|
|
Massachusetts, District 6 |
$121,409 |
$6,316 |
|
|
Massachusetts, District 7 |
$98,603 |
$5,400 |
|
|
Massachusetts, District 8 |
$118,563 |
$4,811 |
|
|
Massachusetts, District 9 |
$101,312 |
$3,184 |
|
|
Michigan, District 1 |
$64,299 |
$1,653 |
|
|
Michigan, District 2 |
$66,726 |
$1,424 |
|
|
Michigan, District 3 |
$77,215 |
$2,065 |
|
|
Michigan, District 4 |
$73,702 |
$3,100 |
|
|
Michigan, District 5 |
$70,684 |
$1,316 |
|
|
Michigan, District 6 |
$96,954 |
$3,145 |
|
|
Michigan, District 7 |
$80,268 |
$2,056 |
|
|
Michigan, District 8 |
$64,576 |
$2,206 |
|
|
Michigan, District 9 |
$87,017 |
$2,103 |
|
|
Michigan, District 10 |
$74,512 |
$2,792 |
|
|
Michigan, District 11 |
$92,977 |
$2,356 |
|
|
Michigan, District 12 |
$57,324 |
$2,055 |
|
|
Michigan, District 13 |
$50,937 |
$1,367 |
|
|
Minnesota, District 1 |
$78,573 |
$2,825 |
|
|
Minnesota, District 2 |
$108,162 |
$2,848 |
|
|
Minnesota, District 3 |
$106,557 |
$3,383 |
|
|
Minnesota, District 4 |
$84,731 |
$3,327 |
|
|
Minnesota, District 5 |
$80,274 |
$2,667 |
|
|
Minnesota, District 6 |
$105,084 |
$2,944 |
|
|
Minnesota, District 7 |
$74,454 |
$1,899 |
|
|
Minnesota, District 8 |
$74,635 |
$2,494 |
|
|
Mississippi, District 1 |
$60,524 |
$2,346 |
|
|
Mississippi, District 2 |
$47,495 |
$2,042 |
|
|
Mississippi, District 3 |
$66,380 |
$3,290 |
|
|
Mississippi, District 4 |
$62,159 |
$1,996 |
|
|
Missouri, District 1 |
$60,692 |
$2,189 |
|
|
Missouri, District 2 |
$101,494 |
$2,606 |
|
|
Missouri, District 3 |
$84,323 |
$2,970 |
|
|
Missouri, District 4 |
$68,144 |
$2,218 |
|
|
Missouri, District 5 |
$67,960 |
$2,647 |
|
|
Missouri, District 6 |
$75,637 |
$1,836 |
|
|
Missouri, District 7 |
$66,064 |
$1,622 |
|
|
Missouri, District 8 |
$59,897 |
$2,387 |
|
|
Montana, District 1 |
$77,017 |
$2,933 |
|
|
Montana, District 2 |
$73,599 |
$2,562 |
|
|
Nebraska, District 1 |
$77,659 |
$3,262 |
|
|
Nebraska, District 2 |
$84,478 |
$3,287 |
|
|
Nebraska, District 3 |
$69,788 |
$1,881 |
|
|
Nevada, District 1 |
$72,138 |
$2,508 |
|
|
Nevada, District 2 |
$86,806 |
$2,527 |
|
|
Nevada, District 3 |
$90,358 |
$2,791 |
|
|
Nevada, District 4 |
$75,889 |
$2,720 |
|
|
New Hampshire, District 1 |
$102,258 |
$3,126 |
|
|
New Hampshire, District 2 |
$97,020 |
$3,966 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 1 |
$94,772 |
$3,273 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 2 |
$84,183 |
$2,816 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 3 |
$116,950 |
$3,687 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 4 |
$103,769 |
$4,295 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 5 |
$130,387 |
$4,422 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 6 |
$104,316 |
$4,464 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 7 |
$132,702 |
$4,289 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 8 |
$88,096 |
$3,242 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 9 |
$87,122 |
$3,679 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 10 |
$76,594 |
$4,273 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 11 |
$141,429 |
$4,611 |
|
|
New Jersey, District 12 |
$117,099 |
$4,211 |
|
|
New Mexico, District 1 |
$77,246 |
$3,624 |
|
|
New Mexico, District 2 |
$60,933 |
$2,047 |
|
|
New Mexico, District 3 |
$66,346 |
$2,007 |
|
|
New York, District 1 |
$130,141 |
$4,447 |
|
|
New York, District 2 |
$125,071 |
$4,964 |
|
|
New York, District 3 |
$138,234 |
$6,080 |
|
|
New York, District 4 |
$137,724 |
$4,792 |
|
|
New York, District 5 |
$82,463 |
$2,570 |
|
|
New York, District 6 |
$82,145 |
$3,151 |
|
|
New York, District 7 |
$92,194 |
$6,017 |
|
|
New York, District 8 |
$63,052 |
$3,401 |
|
|
New York, District 9 |
$76,531 |
$3,254 |
|
|
New York, District 10 |
$119,517 |
$6,357 |
|
|
New York, District 11 |
$90,759 |
$2,660 |
|
|
New York, District 12 |
$153,117 |
$6,556 |
|
|
New York, District 13 |
$52,401 |
$4,061 |
|
|
New York, District 14 |
$64,547 |
$4,942 |
|
|
New York, District 15 |
$44,554 |
$2,807 |
|
|
New York, District 16 |
$102,025 |
$3,242 |
|
|
New York, District 17 |
$123,436 |
$3,288 |
|
|
New York, District 18 |
$91,635 |
$3,044 |
|
|
New York, District 19 |
$73,323 |
$2,622 |
|
|
New York, District 20 |
$85,230 |
$2,729 |
|
|
New York, District 21 |
$70,323 |
$2,087 |
|
|
New York, District 22 |
$75,553 |
$2,282 |
|
|
New York, District 23 |
$74,552 |
$2,337 |
|
|
New York, District 24 |
$72,396 |
$2,361 |
|
|
New York, District 25 |
$76,980 |
$2,308 |
|
|
New York, District 26 |
$64,666 |
$2,388 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 1 |
$58,749 |
$2,324 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 2 |
$93,949 |
$4,507 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 3 |
$65,164 |
$2,070 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 4 |
$102,410 |
$2,194 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 5 |
$59,041 |
$2,522 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 6 |
$68,414 |
$2,505 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 7 |
$71,121 |
$1,446 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 8 |
$81,435 |
$2,110 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 9 |
$68,360 |
$2,242 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 10 |
$71,999 |
$2,677 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 11 |
$67,690 |
$2,645 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 12 |
$80,180 |
$3,248 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 13 |
$85,183 |
$3,696 |
|
|
North Carolina, District 14 |
$78,324 |
$2,931 |
|
|
North Dakota, At-Large District |
$77,871 |
$2,755 |
|
|
Ohio, District 1 |
$82,099 |
$3,797 |
|
|
Ohio, District 2 |
$67,801 |
$2,206 |
|
|
Ohio, District 3 |
$72,896 |
$2,861 |
|
|
Ohio, District 4 |
$81,278 |
$1,643 |
|
|
Ohio, District 5 |
$73,004 |
$2,465 |
|
|
Ohio, District 6 |
$60,716 |
$1,197 |
|
|
Ohio, District 7 |
$84,749 |
$2,824 |
|
|
Ohio, District 8 |
$78,375 |
$2,413 |
|
|
Ohio, District 9 |
$66,802 |
$1,799 |
|
|
Ohio, District 10 |
$69,377 |
$2,265 |
|
|
Ohio, District 11 |
$56,120 |
$2,004 |
|
|
Ohio, District 12 |
$78,547 |
$2,197 |
|
|
Ohio, District 13 |
$70,528 |
$2,161 |
|
|
Ohio, District 14 |
$73,552 |
$1,893 |
|
|
Ohio, District 15 |
$80,864 |
$2,304 |
|
|
Oklahoma, District 1 |
$71,143 |
$1,188 |
|
|
Oklahoma, District 2 |
$56,060 |
$1,462 |
|
|
Oklahoma, District 3 |
$59,917 |
$1,875 |
|
|
Oklahoma, District 4 |
$67,377 |
$1,499 |
|
|
Oklahoma, District 5 |
$76,260 |
$2,348 |
|
|
Oregon, District 1 |
$97,201 |
$3,092 |
|
|
Oregon, District 2 |
$68,267 |
$2,385 |
|
|
Oregon, District 3 |
$94,110 |
$3,678 |
|
|
Oregon, District 4 |
$69,445 |
$2,859 |
|
|
Oregon, District 5 |
$96,200 |
$3,107 |
|
|
Oregon, District 6 |
$90,927 |
$2,078 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 1 |
$112,090 |
$3,911 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 2 |
$57,907 |
$3,623 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 3 |
$65,154 |
$3,651 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 4 |
$108,414 |
$3,663 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 5 |
$85,873 |
$3,378 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 6 |
$109,810 |
$3,325 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 7 |
$82,166 |
$2,726 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 8 |
$69,715 |
$1,889 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 9 |
$68,016 |
$1,835 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 10 |
$81,071 |
$2,109 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 11 |
$85,402 |
$2,697 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 12 |
$74,565 |
$2,650 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 13 |
$70,192 |
$1,776 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 14 |
$67,410 |
$2,198 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 15 |
$65,193 |
$1,547 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 16 |
$67,473 |
$2,044 |
|
|
Pennsylvania, District 17 |
$88,580 |
$3,326 |
|
|
Rhode Island, District 1 |
$77,683 |
$3,597 |
|
|
Rhode Island, District 2 |
$92,127 |
$4,195 |
|
|
South Carolina, District 1 |
$95,136 |
$2,463 |
|
|
South Carolina, District 2 |
$77,683 |
$2,897 |
|
|
South Carolina, District 3 |
$65,919 |
$1,981 |
|
|
South Carolina, District 4 |
$78,299 |
$2,478 |
|
|
South Carolina, District 5 |
$75,344 |
$1,846 |
|
|
South Carolina, District 6 |
$58,458 |
$2,495 |
|
|
South Carolina, District 7 |
$61,149 |
$1,849 |
|
|
South Dakota, At-Large District |
$76,881 |
$1,990 |
|
|
Tennessee, District 1 |
$60,591 |
$1,700 |
|
|
Tennessee, District 2 |
$72,659 |
$2,232 |
|
|
Tennessee, District 3 |
$74,530 |
$2,151 |
|
|
Tennessee, District 4 |
$73,896 |
$3,199 |
|
|
Tennessee, District 5 |
$96,192 |
$4,534 |
|
|
Tennessee, District 6 |
$72,083 |
$2,971 |
|
|
Tennessee, District 7 |
$79,222 |
$2,637 |
|
|
Tennessee, District 8 |
$70,081 |
$2,098 |
|
|
Tennessee, District 9 |
$55,603 |
$2,219 |
|
|
Texas, District 1 |
$66,563 |
$1,947 |
|
|
Texas, District 2 |
$101,405 |
$4,209 |
|
|
Texas, District 3 |
$124,853 |
$4,251 |
|
|
Texas, District 4 |
$99,301 |
$2,684 |
|
|
Texas, District 5 |
$75,301 |
$3,542 |
|
|
Texas, District 6 |
$81,604 |
$2,684 |
|
|
Texas, District 7 |
$75,245 |
$3,347 |
|
|
Texas, District 8 |
$91,806 |
$3,070 |
|
|
Texas, District 9 |
$62,248 |
$2,298 |
|
|
Texas, District 10 |
$89,284 |
$3,335 |
|
|
Texas, District 11 |
$71,363 |
$1,865 |
|
|
Texas, District 12 |
$90,319 |
$3,877 |
|
|
Texas, District 13 |
$69,873 |
$2,417 |
|
|
Texas, District 14 |
$77,652 |
$2,799 |
|
|
Texas, District 15 |
$62,554 |
$2,493 |
|
|
Texas, District 16 |
$60,456 |
$2,724 |
|
|
Texas, District 17 |
$69,771 |
$2,697 |
|
|
Texas, District 18 |
$66,803 |
$3,749 |
|
|
Texas, District 19 |
$64,889 |
$2,041 |
|
|
Texas, District 20 |
$62,044 |
$2,342 |
|
|
Texas, District 21 |
$100,260 |
$3,081 |
|
|
Texas, District 22 |
$115,961 |
$6,241 |
|
|
Texas, District 23 |
$81,908 |
$2,578 |
|
|
Texas, District 24 |
$119,295 |
$4,794 |
|
|
Texas, District 25 |
$80,242 |
$2,876 |
|
|
Texas, District 26 |
$122,953 |
$3,398 |
|
|
Texas, District 27 |
$69,138 |
$2,512 |
|
|
Texas, District 28 |
$64,511 |
$3,358 |
|
|
Texas, District 29 |
$54,102 |
$3,316 |
|
|
Texas, District 30 |
$77,231 |
$3,724 |
|
|
Texas, District 31 |
$96,045 |
$3,046 |
|
|
Texas, District 32 |
$72,478 |
$2,332 |
|
|
Texas, District 33 |
$66,107 |
$2,702 |
|
|
Texas, District 34 |
$54,486 |
$2,760 |
|
|
Texas, District 35 |
$73,298 |
$3,664 |
|
|
Texas, District 36 |
$76,372 |
$2,825 |
|
|
Texas, District 37 |
$93,776 |
$4,082 |
|
|
Texas, District 38 |
$98,753 |
$4,291 |
|
|
Utah, District 1 |
$92,358 |
$2,508 |
|
|
Utah, District 2 |
$90,523 |
$2,641 |
|
|
Utah, District 3 |
$96,440 |
$3,384 |
|
|
Utah, District 4 |
$109,469 |
$3,532 |
|
|
Vermont, At-Large District |
$82,730 |
$1,846 |
|
|
Virginia, District 1 |
$100,817 |
$3,342 |
|
|
Virginia, District 2 |
$93,827 |
$3,084 |
|
|
Virginia, District 3 |
$67,625 |
$2,317 |
|
|
Virginia, District 4 |
$69,839 |
$2,649 |
|
|
Virginia, District 5 |
$73,090 |
$2,342 |
|
|
Virginia, District 6 |
$74,264 |
$2,881 |
|
|
Virginia, District 7 |
$113,690 |
$3,029 |
|
|
Virginia, District 8 |
$133,323 |
$3,451 |
|
|
Virginia, District 9 |
$59,156 |
$2,316 |
|
|
Virginia, District 10 |
$157,863 |
$5,914 |
|
|
Virginia, District 11 |
$158,109 |
$5,097 |
|
|
Washington, District 1 |
$131,159 |
$3,834 |
|
|
Washington, District 2 |
$90,998 |
$2,449 |
|
|
Washington, District 3 |
$92,354 |
$2,802 |
|
|
Washington, District 4 |
$78,605 |
$2,773 |
|
|
Washington, District 5 |
$80,002 |
$2,402 |
|
|
Washington, District 6 |
$94,385 |
$2,541 |
|
|
Washington, District 7 |
$119,340 |
$4,523 |
|
|
Washington, District 8 |
$130,695 |
$3,871 |
|
|
Washington, District 9 |
$100,731 |
$3,844 |
|
|
Washington, District 10 |
$95,458 |
$3,413 |
|
|
West Virginia, District 1 |
$56,624 |
$2,138 |
|
|
West Virginia, District 2 |
$64,861 |
$2,593 |
|
|
Wisconsin, District 1 |
$79,452 |
$3,078 |
|
|
Wisconsin, District 2 |
$88,518 |
$2,088 |
|
|
Wisconsin, District 3 |
$73,367 |
$2,103 |
|
|
Wisconsin, District 4 |
$62,083 |
$2,393 |
|
|
Wisconsin, District 5 |
$91,909 |
$2,316 |
|
|
Wisconsin, District 6 |
$76,182 |
$1,751 |
|
|
Wisconsin, District 7 |
$73,003 |
$1,683 |
|
|
Wisconsin, District 8 |
$78,966 |
$2,504 |
|
|
Wyoming, At-Large District |
$75,532 |
$2,468 |
|
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey (ACS), Table B19013, "Median Household Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars)."
Notes: Districts as configured for the 119th Congress (2025-2026). This table does not include at-large districts in the District of Columbia or U.S. territories. The District of Columbia and Puerto Rico are included in Table 1; ACS statistics are not available for American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, or the U.S. Virgin Islands. The margin of error is a measure of the estimate's uncertainty: the greater the margin of error, the less certain the estimate. It is based on the 90% confidence interval (the span from the estimate minus the margin of error to the estimate plus the margin of error). If the survey could be readministered to every possible sample of households, most of the samples would produce slightly different estimates. However, the confidence intervals around 90% of those estimates would contain the true value (barring any systematic bias in the survey).
Table 4. Poverty Rate by Congressional District in 2024
American Community Survey (ACS) one-year estimates for U.S. House districts in the 119th Congress
|
District |
Estimate (%) |
Margin of Error (±) |
|
Alabama, District 1 |
13.9% |
1.4 |
|
Alabama, District 2 |
20.2% |
1.6 |
|
Alabama, District 3 |
16.7% |
1.2 |
|
Alabama, District 4 |
15.6% |
1.3 |
|
Alabama, District 5 |
11.9% |
1.2 |
|
Alabama, District 6 |
9.3% |
1.0 |
|
Alabama, District 7 |
19.3% |
1.5 |
|
Alaska, At-Large District |
10.2% |
0.9 |
|
Arizona, District 1 |
7.8% |
0.9 |
|
Arizona, District 2 |
14.9% |
1.3 |
|
Arizona, District 3 |
17.4% |
1.8 |
|
Arizona, District 4 |
12.1% |
1.1 |
|
Arizona, District 5 |
6.7% |
1.0 |
|
Arizona, District 6 |
10.4% |
1.1 |
|
Arizona, District 7 |
17.2% |
1.7 |
|
Arizona, District 8 |
9.1% |
0.9 |
|
Arizona, District 9 |
10.4% |
1.2 |
|
Arkansas, District 1 |
18.5% |
1.3 |
|
Arkansas, District 2 |
14.5% |
1.4 |
|
Arkansas, District 3 |
11.5% |
1.1 |
|
Arkansas, District 4 |
18.1% |
1.6 |
|
California, District 1 |
16.0% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 2 |
11.7% |
1.1 |
|
California, District 3 |
7.8% |
0.9 |
|
California, District 4 |
12.7% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 5 |
9.6% |
1.1 |
|
California, District 6 |
12.9% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 7 |
11.9% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 8 |
11.0% |
1.3 |
|
California, District 9 |
13.1% |
1.4 |
|
California, District 10 |
6.3% |
0.9 |
|
California, District 11 |
11.7% |
0.9 |
|
California, District 12 |
11.5% |
1.1 |
|
California, District 13 |
19.2% |
1.8 |
|
California, District 14 |
6.6% |
0.8 |
|
California, District 15 |
7.4% |
0.9 |
|
California, District 16 |
6.6% |
0.7 |
|
California, District 17 |
6.1% |
0.9 |
|
California, District 18 |
12.3% |
1.6 |
|
California, District 19 |
8.7% |
0.9 |
|
California, District 20 |
11.6% |
1 |
|
California, District 21 |
21.5% |
1.5 |
|
California, District 22 |
23.4% |
1.7 |
|
California, District 23 |
13.4% |
1.4 |
|
California, District 24 |
14.4% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 25 |
14.6% |
1.6 |
|
California, District 26 |
9.3% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 27 |
11.5% |
1.6 |
|
California, District 28 |
8.5% |
0.9 |
|
California, District 29 |
14.9% |
1.3 |
|
California, District 30 |
11.9% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 31 |
11.7% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 32 |
9.5% |
1.0 |
|
California, District 33 |
14.6% |
1.5 |
|
California, District 34 |
19.0% |
1.3 |
|
California, District 35 |
11.3% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 36 |
9.9% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 37 |
20.1% |
1.5 |
|
California, District 38 |
10.2% |
1.1 |
|
California, District 39 |
9.9% |
1.0 |
|
California, District 40 |
7.4% |
1.1 |
|
California, District 41 |
7.9% |
1.0 |
|
California, District 42 |
15.1% |
1.5 |
|
California, District 43 |
17.2% |
1.7 |
|
California, District 44 |
13.3% |
1.2 |
|
California, District 45 |
9.4% |
1.3 |
|
California, District 46 |
13.0% |
1.4 |
|
California, District 47 |
8.8% |
1.0 |
|
California, District 48 |
7.2% |
0.9 |
|
California, District 49 |
7.0% |
0.9 |
|
California, District 50 |
9.6% |
1.0 |
|
California, District 51 |
10.6% |
1.4 |
|
California, District 52 |
12.8% |
1.5 |
|
Colorado, District 1 |
12.0% |
1.4 |
|
Colorado, District 2 |
11.0% |
1.1 |
|
Colorado, District 3 |
12.7% |
1.2 |
|
Colorado, District 4 |
7.3% |
0.7 |
|
Colorado, District 5 |
8.5% |
1.0 |
|
Colorado, District 6 |
8.3% |
1.2 |
|
Colorado, District 7 |
7.7% |
0.9 |
|
Colorado, District 8 |
9.5% |
1.2 |
|
Connecticut, District 1 |
11.7% |
1.3 |
|
Connecticut, District 2 |
7.9% |
0.9 |
|
Connecticut, District 3 |
10.9% |
1.3 |
|
Connecticut, District 4 |
10.0% |
1.4 |
|
Connecticut, District 5 |
10.4% |
1.3 |
|
Delaware, At-Large District |
9.6% |
1.1 |
|
Florida, District 1 |
12.4% |
1.2 |
|
Florida, District 2 |
17.2% |
1.5 |
|
Florida, District 3 |
19.1% |
1.5 |
|
Florida, District 4 |
13.4% |
1.4 |
|
Florida, District 5 |
7.4% |
1.0 |
|
Florida, District 6 |
12.6% |
1.3 |
|
Florida, District 7 |
8.7% |
1.0 |
|
Florida, District 8 |
9.6% |
1.0 |
|
Florida, District 9 |
12.9% |
1.8 |
|
Florida, District 10 |
14.9% |
1.9 |
|
Florida, District 11 |
8.2% |
1.3 |
|
Florida, District 12 |
11.5% |
1.1 |
|
Florida, District 13 |
9.0% |
1.1 |
|
Florida, District 14 |
13.4% |
1.5 |
|
Florida, District 15 |
11.9% |
1.3 |
|
Florida, District 16 |
9.4% |
1.2 |
|
Florida, District 17 |
9.6% |
1.1 |
|
Florida, District 18 |
14.8% |
1.6 |
|
Florida, District 19 |
10.6% |
1.2 |
|
Florida, District 20 |
14.7% |
1.5 |
|
Florida, District 21 |
10.8% |
1.1 |
|
Florida, District 22 |
11.4% |
1.4 |
|
Florida, District 23 |
10.2% |
1.3 |
|
Florida, District 24 |
15.4% |
1.5 |
|
Florida, District 25 |
10.0% |
1.2 |
|
Florida, District 26 |
13.9% |
1.2 |
|
Florida, District 27 |
13.0% |
1.3 |
|
Florida, District 28 |
12.4% |
1.4 |
|
Georgia, District 1 |
14.0% |
1.2 |
|
Georgia, District 2 |
21.3% |
1.4 |
|
Georgia, District 3 |
10.1% |
1.2 |
|
Georgia, District 4 |
13.2% |
1.2 |
|
Georgia, District 5 |
15.6% |
1.6 |
|
Georgia, District 6 |
10.9% |
1.5 |
|
Georgia, District 7 |
5.2% |
0.8 |
|
Georgia, District 8 |
17.6% |
1.3 |
|
Georgia, District 9 |
10.9% |
1.2 |
|
Georgia, District 10 |
11.1% |
1.1 |
|
Georgia, District 11 |
9.1% |
1.0 |
|
Georgia, District 12 |
17.9% |
1.5 |
|
Georgia, District 13 |
10.7% |
1.4 |
|
Georgia, District 14 |
10.5% |
1.1 |
|
Hawaii, District 1 |
8.3% |
1.0 |
|
Hawaii, District 2 |
11.6% |
1.0 |
|
Idaho, District 1 |
9.6% |
0.8 |
|
Idaho, District 2 |
11.4% |
1.0 |
|
Illinois, District 1 |
17.1% |
1.8 |
|
Illinois, District 2 |
17.5% |
1.7 |
|
Illinois, District 3 |
11.9% |
1.5 |
|
Illinois, District 4 |
14.2% |
1.6 |
|
Illinois, District 5 |
6.7% |
0.8 |
|
Illinois, District 6 |
8.6% |
1.1 |
|
Illinois, District 7 |
17.1% |
1.7 |
|
Illinois, District 8 |
6.8% |
0.9 |
|
Illinois, District 9 |
10.9% |
1.4 |
|
Illinois, District 10 |
8.6% |
1.0 |
|
Illinois, District 11 |
7.3% |
1.0 |
|
Illinois, District 12 |
12.3% |
0.9 |
|
Illinois, District 13 |
16.0% |
1.3 |
|
Illinois, District 14 |
8.4% |
0.8 |
|
Illinois, District 15 |
9.9% |
0.8 |
|
Illinois, District 16 |
7.7% |
0.8 |
|
Illinois, District 17 |
17.1% |
1.4 |
|
Indiana, District 1 |
12.0% |
1.4 |
|
Indiana, District 2 |
12.8% |
1.1 |
|
Indiana, District 3 |
10.8% |
1.0 |
|
Indiana, District 4 |
10.8% |
1.0 |
|
Indiana, District 5 |
10.8% |
1.0 |
|
Indiana, District 6 |
10.7% |
1.1 |
|
Indiana, District 7 |
17.1% |
1.8 |
|
Indiana, District 8 |
12.3% |
1.0 |
|
Indiana, District 9 |
12.8% |
1.2 |
|
Iowa, District 1 |
12.9% |
0.9 |
|
Iowa, District 2 |
10.3% |
0.8 |
|
Iowa, District 3 |
9.9% |
0.8 |
|
Iowa, District 4 |
12.3% |
0.8 |
|
Kansas, District 1 |
12.4% |
1.0 |
|
Kansas, District 2 |
12.7% |
1.2 |
|
Kansas, District 3 |
6.8% |
1.0 |
|
Kansas, District 4 |
11.7% |
1.1 |
|
Kentucky, District 1 |
15.8% |
1.3 |
|
Kentucky, District 2 |
14.2% |
1.4 |
|
Kentucky, District 3 |
14.7% |
1.5 |
|
Kentucky, District 4 |
11.7% |
1.1 |
|
Kentucky, District 5 |
24.3% |
1.5 |
|
Kentucky, District 6 |
13.4% |
1.1 |
|
Louisiana, District 1 |
13.0% |
1.4 |
|
Louisiana, District 2 |
19.1% |
1.6 |
|
Louisiana, District 3 |
17.8% |
1.3 |
|
Louisiana, District 4 |
18.2% |
1.3 |
|
Louisiana, District 5 |
18.9% |
1.3 |
|
Louisiana, District 6 |
25.6% |
2.2 |
|
Maine, District 1 |
8.3% |
0.9 |
|
Maine, District 2 |
13.0% |
0.9 |
|
Maryland, District 1 |
9.4% |
1.1 |
|
Maryland, District 2 |
8.4% |
1.1 |
|
Maryland, District 3 |
6.4% |
1.0 |
|
Maryland, District 4 |
12.0% |
1.3 |
|
Maryland, District 5 |
5.5% |
0.8 |
|
Maryland, District 6 |
8.1% |
0.8 |
|
Maryland, District 7 |
16.2% |
1.4 |
|
Maryland, District 8 |
7.2% |
1.1 |
|
Massachusetts, District 1 |
13.8% |
1.2 |
|
Massachusetts, District 2 |
9.2% |
1.0 |
|
Massachusetts, District 3 |
10.7% |
1.1 |
|
Massachusetts, District 4 |
6.5% |
0.8 |
|
Massachusetts, District 5 |
7.5% |
0.8 |
|
Massachusetts, District 6 |
7.2% |
1.0 |
|
Massachusetts, District 7 |
16.3% |
1.3 |
|
Massachusetts, District 8 |
8.1% |
0.9 |
|
Massachusetts, District 9 |
8.5% |
1.0 |
|
Michigan, District 1 |
12.5% |
0.8 |
|
Michigan, District 2 |
13.3% |
0.9 |
|
Michigan, District 3 |
11.4% |
1.2 |
|
Michigan, District 4 |
11.4% |
1.1 |
|
Michigan, District 5 |
10.8% |
0.9 |
|
Michigan, District 6 |
10.7% |
1.1 |
|
Michigan, District 7 |
11.4% |
1.0 |
|
Michigan, District 8 |
16.0% |
1.2 |
|
Michigan, District 9 |
8.5% |
0.8 |
|
Michigan, District 10 |
11.6% |
1.2 |
|
Michigan, District 11 |
8.7% |
1.0 |
|
Michigan, District 12 |
21.5% |
1.5 |
|
Michigan, District 13 |
27.2% |
1.9 |
|
Minnesota, District 1 |
9.4% |
0.7 |
|
Minnesota, District 2 |
6.6% |
0.8 |
|
Minnesota, District 3 |
5.9% |
0.9 |
|
Minnesota, District 4 |
11.2% |
1.2 |
|
Minnesota, District 5 |
13.3% |
1.5 |
|
Minnesota, District 6 |
6.6% |
0.8 |
|
Minnesota, District 7 |
10.9% |
0.6 |
|
Minnesota, District 8 |
11.3% |
0.8 |
|
Mississippi, District 1 |
16.8% |
1.5 |
|
Mississippi, District 2 |
23.6% |
1.6 |
|
Mississippi, District 3 |
15.2% |
1.6 |
|
Mississippi, District 4 |
16.1% |
1.4 |
|
Missouri, District 1 |
17.3% |
1.5 |
|
Missouri, District 2 |
6.2% |
0.7 |
|
Missouri, District 3 |
10.4% |
0.9 |
|
Missouri, District 4 |
12.0% |
1.0 |
|
Missouri, District 5 |
15.1% |
1.6 |
|
Missouri, District 6 |
10.1% |
0.8 |
|
Missouri, District 7 |
11.9% |
1.0 |
|
Missouri, District 8 |
15.5% |
1.0 |
|
Montana, District 1 |
10.2% |
0.9 |
|
Montana, District 2 |
10.3% |
1.0 |
|
Nebraska, District 1 |
11.3% |
1.1 |
|
Nebraska, District 2 |
11.0% |
1.2 |
|
Nebraska, District 3 |
10.3% |
0.8 |
|
Nevada, District 1 |
14.3% |
1.6 |
|
Nevada, District 2 |
9.8% |
1.0 |
|
Nevada, District 3 |
9.0% |
1.1 |
|
Nevada, District 4 |
13.3% |
1.3 |
|
New Hampshire, District 1 |
7.1% |
0.7 |
|
New Hampshire, District 2 |
7.3% |
0.9 |
|
New Jersey, District 1 |
10.1% |
1.0 |
|
New Jersey, District 2 |
10.1% |
1.0 |
|
New Jersey, District 3 |
5.1% |
0.7 |
|
New Jersey, District 4 |
8.7% |
1.1 |
|
New Jersey, District 5 |
5.6% |
0.8 |
|
New Jersey, District 6 |
9.5% |
1.0 |
|
New Jersey, District 7 |
5.2% |
0.6 |
|
New Jersey, District 8 |
16.5% |
1.6 |
|
New Jersey, District 9 |
11.7% |
1.3 |
|
New Jersey, District 10 |
14.5% |
1.5 |
|
New Jersey, District 11 |
4.5% |
0.7 |
|
New Jersey, District 12 |
9.1% |
1.2 |
|
New Mexico, District 1 |
12.5% |
1.2 |
|
New Mexico, District 2 |
18.6% |
1.9 |
|
New Mexico, District 3 |
18.2% |
1.3 |
|
New York, District 1 |
6.5% |
0.8 |
|
New York, District 2 |
6.2% |
0.8 |
|
New York, District 3 |
6.0% |
0.6 |
|
New York, District 4 |
6.2% |
1.0 |
|
New York, District 5 |
14.1% |
1.2 |
|
New York, District 6 |
13.7% |
1.4 |
|
New York, District 7 |
19.0% |
2.0 |
|
New York, District 8 |
20.3% |
1.8 |
|
New York, District 9 |
18.4% |
1.8 |
|
New York, District 10 |
16.5% |
1.5 |
|
New York, District 11 |
12.9% |
1.4 |
|
New York, District 12 |
8.2% |
1.1 |
|
New York, District 13 |
25.7% |
1.7 |
|
New York, District 14 |
20.7% |
1.8 |
|
New York, District 15 |
30.7% |
2.2 |
|
New York, District 16 |
9.9% |
1.3 |
|
New York, District 17 |
11.0% |
1.1 |
|
New York, District 18 |
10.9% |
1.2 |
|
New York, District 19 |
14.1% |
0.8 |
|
New York, District 20 |
11.6% |
1.0 |
|
New York, District 21 |
14.6% |
1.1 |
|
New York, District 22 |
13.7% |
1.3 |
|
New York, District 23 |
12.2% |
0.9 |
|
New York, District 24 |
12.2% |
0.9 |
|
New York, District 25 |
14.0% |
1.1 |
|
New York, District 26 |
16.2% |
1.4 |
|
North Carolina, District 1 |
16.0% |
1.2 |
|
North Carolina, District 2 |
10.5% |
1.3 |
|
North Carolina, District 3 |
14.8% |
1.2 |
|
North Carolina, District 4 |
8.5% |
1.0 |
|
North Carolina, District 5 |
15.9% |
1.3 |
|
North Carolina, District 6 |
12.0% |
1.5 |
|
North Carolina, District 7 |
13.0% |
1.3 |
|
North Carolina, District 8 |
10.8% |
1.0 |
|
North Carolina, District 9 |
13.7% |
1.3 |
|
North Carolina, District 10 |
13.4% |
1.4 |
|
North Carolina, District 11 |
12.5% |
1.3 |
|
North Carolina, District 12 |
13.2% |
1.3 |
|
North Carolina, District 13 |
11.3% |
1.2 |
|
North Carolina, District 14 |
10.8% |
1.0 |
|
North Dakota, At-Large District |
11.1% |
0.9 |
|
Ohio, District 1 |
14.1% |
1.4 |
|
Ohio, District 2 |
13.4% |
1.0 |
|
Ohio, District 3 |
15.5% |
1.4 |
|
Ohio, District 4 |
9.9% |
1.1 |
|
Ohio, District 5 |
10.7% |
0.8 |
|
Ohio, District 6 |
15.4% |
1.0 |
|
Ohio, District 7 |
7.5% |
0.9 |
|
Ohio, District 8 |
11.1% |
1.2 |
|
Ohio, District 9 |
14.3% |
1.2 |
|
Ohio, District 10 |
13.8% |
1.3 |
|
Ohio, District 11 |
19.9% |
1.5 |
|
Ohio, District 12 |
10.3% |
0.9 |
|
Ohio, District 13 |
13.5% |
1.3 |
|
Ohio, District 14 |
10.3% |
0.9 |
|
Ohio, District 15 |
10.9% |
1.3 |
|
Oklahoma, District 1 |
12.4% |
0.8 |
|
Oklahoma, District 2 |
17.6% |
0.8 |
|
Oklahoma, District 3 |
17.7% |
1.2 |
|
Oklahoma, District 4 |
14.7% |
0.8 |
|
Oklahoma, District 5 |
12.4% |
1.1 |
|
Oregon, District 1 |
10.6% |
1.1 |
|
Oregon, District 2 |
12.9% |
1.2 |
|
Oregon, District 3 |
11.9% |
1.2 |
|
Oregon, District 4 |
15.7% |
1.3 |
|
Oregon, District 5 |
9.3% |
1.0 |
|
Oregon, District 6 |
10.4% |
1.2 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 1 |
5.7% |
0.7 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 2 |
21.0% |
2.2 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 3 |
18.5% |
1.8 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 4 |
6.6% |
0.9 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 5 |
11.3% |
1.1 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 6 |
9.7% |
1.0 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 7 |
10.1% |
1.2 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 8 |
13.8% |
1.2 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 9 |
11.5% |
1.0 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 10 |
10.5% |
1.2 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 11 |
7.6% |
0.8 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 12 |
13.6% |
1.1 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 13 |
10.6% |
0.8 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 14 |
12.7% |
1.0 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 15 |
12.5% |
0.9 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 16 |
13.0% |
1.0 |
|
Pennsylvania, District 17 |
9.1% |
1.1 |
|
Rhode Island, District 1 |
12.5% |
1.6 |
|
Rhode Island, District 2 |
11.9% |
1.5 |
|
South Carolina, District 1 |
7.3% |
1.0 |
|
South Carolina, District 2 |
11.4% |
1.2 |
|
South Carolina, District 3 |
15.2% |
1.2 |
|
South Carolina, District 4 |
10.7% |
1.1 |
|
South Carolina, District 5 |
11.6% |
1.3 |
|
South Carolina, District 6 |
18.0% |
1.4 |
|
South Carolina, District 7 |
19.0% |
1.7 |
|
South Dakota, At-Large District |
10.4% |
0.8 |
|
Tennessee, District 1 |
15.9% |
1.5 |
|
Tennessee, District 2 |
12.4% |
1.1 |
|
Tennessee, District 3 |
13.3% |
1.0 |
|
Tennessee, District 4 |
12.4% |
1.2 |
|
Tennessee, District 5 |
8.5% |
1.4 |
|
Tennessee, District 6 |
12.7% |
1.4 |
|
Tennessee, District 7 |
11.0% |
1.1 |
|
Tennessee, District 8 |
13.2% |
1.1 |
|
Tennessee, District 9 |
22.7% |
1.9 |
|
Texas, District 1 |
13.9% |
1.3 |
|
Texas, District 2 |
8.9% |
1.6 |
|
Texas, District 3 |
6.0% |
0.9 |
|
Texas, District 4 |
7.7% |
1.1 |
|
Texas, District 5 |
11.4% |
1.4 |
|
Texas, District 6 |
9.9% |
1.2 |
|
Texas, District 7 |
14.2% |
2.0 |
|
Texas, District 8 |
10.2% |
1.5 |
|
Texas, District 9 |
21.3% |
1.8 |
|
Texas, District 10 |
12.5% |
1.3 |
|
Texas, District 11 |
14.5% |
1.3 |
|
Texas, District 12 |
11.4% |
1.4 |
|
Texas, District 13 |
15.2% |
1.3 |
|
Texas, District 14 |
14.6% |
1.4 |
|
Texas, District 15 |
21.3% |
1.7 |
|
Texas, District 16 |
18.1% |
1.9 |
|
Texas, District 17 |
13.5% |
1.2 |
|
Texas, District 18 |
21.0% |
2.2 |
|
Texas, District 19 |
15.5% |
1.1 |
|
Texas, District 20 |
17.3% |
1.7 |
|
Texas, District 21 |
7.6% |
0.9 |
|
Texas, District 22 |
6.9% |
1.1 |
|
Texas, District 23 |
13.2% |
1.5 |
|
Texas, District 24 |
6.0% |
0.9 |
|
Texas, District 25 |
10.3% |
1.2 |
|
Texas, District 26 |
4.9% |
0.8 |
|
Texas, District 27 |
13.9% |
1.2 |
|
Texas, District 28 |
18.9% |
1.8 |
|
Texas, District 29 |
24.2% |
2.0 |
|
Texas, District 30 |
14.0% |
1.9 |
|
Texas, District 31 |
8.6% |
1.2 |
|
Texas, District 32 |
14.0% |
1.7 |
|
Texas, District 33 |
16.4% |
1.8 |
|
Texas, District 34 |
24.4% |
2.1 |
|
Texas, District 35 |
17.4% |
1.7 |
|
Texas, District 36 |
14.5% |
1.9 |
|
Texas, District 37 |
10.5% |
1.2 |
|
Texas, District 38 |
11.5% |
1.7 |
|
Utah, District 1 |
8.3% |
1.0 |
|
Utah, District 2 |
9.7% |
1.2 |
|
Utah, District 3 |
10.2% |
0.8 |
|
Utah, District 4 |
5.4% |
0.7 |
|
Vermont, At-Large District |
9.0% |
0.8 |
|
Virginia, District 1 |
6.7% |
0.8 |
|
Virginia, District 2 |
7.6% |
0.9 |
|
Virginia, District 3 |
13.7% |
1.2 |
|
Virginia, District 4 |
14.5% |
1.4 |
|
Virginia, District 5 |
12.6% |
1.0 |
|
Virginia, District 6 |
10.9% |
0.9 |
|
Virginia, District 7 |
7.7% |
1.0 |
|
Virginia, District 8 |
6.9% |
0.9 |
|
Virginia, District 9 |
16.2% |
1.0 |
|
Virginia, District 10 |
5.6% |
1.0 |
|
Virginia, District 11 |
5.7% |
0.9 |
|
Washington, District 1 |
6.7% |
0.9 |
|
Washington, District 2 |
10.5% |
1.0 |
|
Washington, District 3 |
8.0% |
0.8 |
|
Washington, District 4 |
15.8% |
1.1 |
|
Washington, District 5 |
12.1% |
1.0 |
|
Washington, District 6 |
10.2% |
1.0 |
|
Washington, District 7 |
9.6% |
0.9 |
|
Washington, District 8 |
7.0% |
0.9 |
|
Washington, District 9 |
10.6% |
1.3 |
|
Washington, District 10 |
9.0% |
1.0 |
|
West Virginia, District 1 |
17.7% |
1.3 |
|
West Virginia, District 2 |
15.8% |
1.0 |
|
Wisconsin, District 1 |
9.8% |
1.0 |
|
Wisconsin, District 2 |
9.8% |
0.8 |
|
Wisconsin, District 3 |
11.2% |
0.6 |
|
Wisconsin, District 4 |
18.7% |
1.7 |
|
Wisconsin, District 5 |
6.8% |
0.8 |
|
Wisconsin, District 6 |
9.1% |
0.9 |
|
Wisconsin, District 7 |
9.8% |
0.6 |
|
Wisconsin, District 8 |
7.9% |
0.7 |
|
Wyoming, At-Large District |
10.1% |
1.2 |
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey (ACS), Table DP03, "Selected Economic Characteristics."
Notes: The poverty rate is the percentage of people whose income in the past 12 months was below the poverty level. Districts as configured for the 119th Congress (2025-2026). This table does not include at-large districts in the District of Columbia or U.S. territories. The District of Columbia and Puerto Rico are included in Table 2; ACS statistics are not available for American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, or the U.S. Virgin Islands. The margin of error is a measure of the estimate's uncertainty: the greater the margin of error, the less certain the estimate. It is based on the 90% confidence interval (the span from the estimate minus the margin of error to the estimate plus the margin of error). If the survey could be readministered to every possible sample of households, most of the samples would produce slightly different estimates. However, the confidence intervals around 90% of those estimates would contain the true value (barring any systematic bias in the survey).
CRS In Focus IF10501, Introduction to U.S. Economy: Personal Income, by Lida R. Weinstock
CRS Insight IN12607, Poverty in 2024, by Joseph Dalaker
CRS Insight IN12371, Integrating Federal Estimates of Income, Consumption, and Wealth: Policy Issues, by D. Andrew Austin
CRS Insight IN11457, COVID-19 Pandemic's Impact on Household Employment and Income, by Gene Falk
CRS Report R48854, Poverty in the United States in 2024, by Joseph Dalaker
CRS Report R48059, Identifying Areas of Economic Distress: Examples and Considerations, by Joseph Dalaker, Julie M. Lawhorn, and Lisa S. Benson
CRS Report R46939, Underemployment, Recessions, and Poverty, by Joseph Dalaker
CRS Report R45854, Trends in the U.S. Poverty Rate after Recessions, by Joseph Dalaker
CRS Report R45100, The 10-20-30 Provision: Defining Persistent Poverty Counties, by Joseph Dalaker
CRS Report R45031, The Supplemental Poverty Measure: Its Core Concepts, Development, and Use, by Joseph Dalaker
CRS Report R44780, An Introduction to Poverty Measurement, by Joseph Dalaker
CRS Report R44705, The U.S. Income Distribution: Trends and Issues, by Sarah A. Donovan et al.
CRS Report R43897, A Guide to Describing the Income Distribution, by Sarah A. Donovan
| 1. |
A "household" is defined in Census Bureau surveys as all persons residing in the same housing unit, whether or not they are related. Most U.S. residents live in households. Not included are residents of group quarters, such as military barracks, shelters for unhoused persons, nursing homes, prisons, or college dormitories. For more details on these and other terms, see the Census Bureau's Glossary at https://www.census.gov/glossary/ and/or the American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey: 2024 Subject Definitions at https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2024_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf. |
| 2. |
"Income" is defined in the American Community Survey (ACS) as cash income, such as from earnings, interest, pensions, government benefits in the form of cash, royalties, rental income, etc. Income in Census Bureau surveys does not include noncash benefits, such as housing subsidies, food assistance, the value of Medicaid or Medicare, or noncash amenities from employment such as the use of a company car. Amounts borrowed as loans, lump-sum payments, and capital gains are also excluded. Assets, such as money people already had in savings, and the value of real estate that has not been sold, also do not count as income. |
| 3. |
For further discussion, see CRS Report R44780, An Introduction to Poverty Measurement, by Joseph Dalaker. |
| 4. |
The adjusted population total, or "poverty universe" (persons for whom poverty status is determined), omits those for whom poverty status is not computed. Poverty rates for small areas can be affected if a large portion of their population is not part of the poverty universe. This could include areas that have large numbers of persons living in military barracks, large correctional facilities, or colleges and universities. |
| 5. |
For more information on the ACS, see CRS Insight IN12303, The American Community Survey, by Taylor R. Knoedl. |
| 6. |
For more information, see CRS Report R48522, Federal Statistical Data for U.S. Territories: Issues and Resources, by Taylor R. Knoedl and Ben Leubsdorf. |
| 7. |
Underreporting of government transfers and social safety net programs such as Social Security across multiple surveys, including the ACS, is discussed in Bruce D. Meyer et al., The Under-Reporting of Transfers in Household Surveys: Its Nature and Consequences, National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2009, http://www.nber.org/papers/w15181. Acknowledging years of previous research on income underreporting, as well as the challenges involved in using administrative data, Census Bureau staff members articulated a research agenda to improve income estimates using administrative data in Adam Bee and Jonathan Rothbaum, The Administrative Income Statistics (AIS) Project: Research on the Use of Administrative Records to Improve Income and Resource Statistics, U.S. Census Bureau, October 2019, https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/2019/demo/SEHSD-WP2019-36.html. |
| 8. |
Census Bureau, Which Data Source to Use for Income, June 2023, https://www.census.gov/topics/income-poverty/income/guidance/data-sources.html. |
| 9. |
There is sometimes a lag between changes in congressional-district boundaries and the publication of retabulated ACS statistics for those new areas. For more information about how the Census Bureau handles redistricting, see https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/about/rdo/congressional-districts.html. |