Overview of FY2024 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS)

May 18, 2023 – April 2, 2024 R47566

Overview of FY2024 Appropriations for
April 2, 2024
Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related
Nathan James
Agencies (CJS)
Analyst in Crime Policy

This report describes actions to provide FY2024 appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science,
and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. The annual CJS appropriations act provides funding for

the Department of Commerce, which includes bureaus and offices such as the Census Bureau, the
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the National
Institute of Standards and Technology; the Department of Justice (DOJ), which includes agencies such as the Federal Bureau
of Investigation, the Bureau of Prisons, the U.S. Marshals Service, the Drug Enforcement Administration, and the Offices of
the U.S. Attorneys; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); the National Science Foundation (NSF);
and several related agencies such as the Legal Services Corporation (LSC) and the Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission.
The Administration requested a total of $93.759 billion for CJS for FY2024. This amount is $9.061 billion (+10.7%) more
than regular FY2023 enacted funding for CJS ($84.698 billion). The Administration’s request included $12.361 billion for
the Department of Commerce, which is $1.304 billion (+11.8%) more than the FY2023 regular appropriation; $41.374 billion
for the DOJ, which is $2.838 billion (+7.4%) more than the FY2023 regular appropriation; $38.510 billion for the science
agencies, which is $4.644 billion (+13.7%) more than the FY2023 regular appropriation; and $1.515 billion for the related
agencies, which is $275 million (+22.2%) more than the FY2023 regular appropriation.
On July 13, 2023, the Senate Committee on Appropriations marked up and reported its FY2024 CJS appropriations bill (S.
2321). The bill would have provided a total of $84.850 billion for CJS, which is $152 million (+0.2%) more than the FY2023
regular appropriation and $8.979 billion (-9.6%) less than the Administration’s request. The bill included $11.143 billion for
the Department of Commerce, which is $87 million (+0.8%) more than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $1.217 billion
(-9.8%) less than the Administration’s request; $37.957 billion for DOJ, which is $579 million (-1.5%) less than the FY2023
regular appropriation and $3.447 billion (-8.3%) less than the Administration’s request; $34.510 billion for the science
agencies, which is $645 million (+1.9%) more than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $4.040 billion (-10.5%) less than
the Administration’s request; and $1.240 billion for the related agencies, which is equal to the FY2023 regular appropriation
and $275 million (-18.1%) less than the Administration’s request. Of the $84.850 billion in the Senate committee-reported
bill, $2.250 billion (2.7%) was designated as emergency funding.
On July 14, 2023, the House CJS Appropriations Subcommittee marked up and reported its FY2024 CJS appropriations bill.
A committee print considered by the House Rules Committee contained modifications of the text of H.R. 5893. The
committee print would have provided a total of $82.278 billion for CJS, which is $2.420 billion (-2.9%) less than the FY2023
regular appropriation and $11.551 billion (-12.3%) less than the Administration’s request. The committee print included
$9.620 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $1.437 billion (-13.0%) less than the FY2023 regular appropriation
and $2.741 billion (-22.2%) less than the Administration’s request; $36.528 billion for DOJ, which is $2.023 billion (-5.2%)
less than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $4.875 billion (-11.8%) less than the Administration’s request; $35.004
billion for the science agencies, which is $1.138 billion (+3.4%) more than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $3.546
billion (-9.2%) less than the Administration’s request; and $1.126 billion for the related agencies, which is $114 million (-
9.2%) less than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $389 million (-25.7%) less than the Administration’s request.
On March 9, 2024, President Biden signed into law the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024 (P.L. 118-42), which included
the FY2024 CJS Appropriations Act (Division C). The act provides a total of $83.530 billion for CJS, which is $1.168 billion
(-1.4%) less than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $10.299 billion (-11.0%) less than the Administration’s request. The
act includes the following: $10.827 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $229 million (-2.1%) less than the
FY2023 regular appropriation and $1.533 billion (-12.4%) less than the Administration’s request; $37.520 billion for DOJ,
which is $1.016 billion (-2.6%) less than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $3.884 billion (-9.4%) less than the
Administration’s request; $33.945 billion for the science agencies, which is $79 million (+0.2%) more than the FY2023
regular appropriation and $4.605 billion (-11.9%) less than the Administration’s request; and $1.237 billion for the related
agencies, which is $2 million (-0.2%) less than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $277 million (-18.3%) less than the
Administration’s request.
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his report describes actions to provide FY2024 appropriations for Commerce, Justice,
Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. This report also provides information on
T FY2023 supplemental appropriations and advanced appropriations for CJS. (Enacted
funding for CJS for the past 10 fiscal years can be found in Table A-1.) The dollar amounts in this
report reflect only new appropriations made available for a fiscal year. Therefore, the amounts do
not include any rescissions of unobligated or deobligated balances that may be counted as offsets
to newly enacted appropriations, nor do they include any scorekeeping adjustments (e.g., the
budgetary effects of provisions limiting the availability of the balance in the Crime Victims
Fund). In this report, percentage changes are calculated using whole, not rounded, numbers,
meaning that in some instances there may be small differences between the actual percentage
change and the percentage change that would be calculated by using the rounded amounts
discussed in the report. In some instances, amounts in this report differ from amounts for the
same account in previous editions of this report because past reports did not reflect supplemental
budget requests or because there were differences in how legislative proposals are scored by the
Office of Management and Budget and the Congressional Budget Office.
Overview of CJS
The annual CJS appropriations act provides funding for the Department of Commerce, the
Department of Justice (DOJ), select science agencies, and several related agencies.
Appropriations for the Department of Commerce include funding for bureaus and offices such as
the Census Bureau, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Appropriations for DOJ
provide funding for agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation; the Bureau of Prisons;
the U.S. Marshals; the Drug Enforcement Administration; and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco,
Firearms, and Explosives, along with funding for a variety of public safety-related grant programs
for state, local, and tribal governments. The vast majority of funding for the science agencies goes
to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation.1 The
annual appropriation for the related agencies includes funding for agencies such as the Legal
Services Corporation and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
Department of Commerce
The mission of the Department of Commerce is to “create the conditions for economic growth
and opportunity.”2 The department “works to drive U.S. economic competitiveness, strengthen
domestic industry, and spur the growth of quality jobs in all communities across the country.”3 It
has wide-ranging responsibilities including trade, economic development, technology,
entrepreneurship and business development, monitoring the environment, forecasting weather,
managing marine resources, and statistical research and analysis. The department pursues and
implements policies that affect trade and economic development by working to open new markets
for U.S. goods and services and promoting pro-growth business policies. It also invests in
research and development to foster innovation.

1 The science agencies funded in the CJS bill are not the only federal science agencies.
2 U.S. Department of Commerce, “About Commerce: Mission,” https://www.commerce.gov/page/about-
commerce#mission, (hereinafter, Department of Commerce, “About Commerce: Mission”).
3 Department of Commerce, “About Commerce: Mission.”
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The agencies within the Department of Commerce, and their responsibilities, include the
following:
• Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) is a federal statistical agency that promotes a
better understanding of the U.S. economy by providing timely, relevant, and
accurate economic accounts data in an objective and cost-effective manner;
• Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) works to ensure an effective export control
and treaty compliance system and promote continued U.S. leadership in strategic
technologies by maintaining and strengthening adaptable, efficient, and effective
export controls and treaty compliance systems, along with active leadership and
involvement in international export control regimes;
• Census Bureau is a federal statistical agency that collects data and disseminates
information about the U.S. economy, society, and institutions, which fosters
economic growth, advances scientific understanding, and facilitates informed
decisions;
• Economic Development Administration (EDA) promotes innovation and
competitiveness, preparing American regions for growth and success in the
worldwide economy;
• International Trade Administration (ITA) seeks to strengthen the international
competitiveness of U.S. industry, promote trade and investment, and ensure fair
trade and compliance with trade laws and agreements;
• Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) promotes the growth and
competitiveness of minority owned businesses through the mobilization and
advancement of public and private sector programs, policy, and research;
• National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) promotes U.S. innovation
and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards,
and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve quality of
life;
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) provides daily
weather forecasts, severe storm warnings, climate monitoring, fisheries
management, coastal restoration, and support of marine commerce;
• National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) advises the
President on communications and information policy; and
• United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) fosters innovation,
competitiveness, and economic growth domestically and abroad by providing
high-quality and timely examination of patent and trademark applications,
guiding domestic and international intellectual property (IP) policy, and
delivering IP information and education worldwide.
Department of Justice
DOJ’s mission is to “uphold the rule of law, to keep our country safe, and to protect civil rights.”4
DOJ also provides legal advice and opinions, upon request, to the President and executive branch
department heads.

4 U.S. Department of Justice, “About DOJ,” https://www.justice.gov/about.
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The major DOJ offices and agencies and their functions are as follows:
• Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) enforces federal
law related to the manufacture, importation, and distribution of alcohol, tobacco,
firearms, and explosives;
• Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) aims to advance the practice of
community policing by the nation’s state, local, and tribal law enforcement
agencies through information and grant resources;
• Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) investigates federal drug law
violations; coordinates its efforts with other federal, state, and local law
enforcement agencies; develops and maintains drug intelligence systems;
regulates the manufacture, distribution, and dispensing of legitimate controlled
substances; and conducts joint intelligence-gathering activities with foreign
governments;
• Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) investigates violations of federal criminal
law; helps protect the United States against terrorism and hostile intelligence
efforts; provides assistance to other federal, state, and local law enforcement
agencies; and shares jurisdiction with the Drug Enforcement Administration for
the investigation of federal drug violations;
• Federal Prison System (Bureau of Prisons; BOP) houses offenders sentenced to a
term of incarceration for a federal crime and provides for the operation and
maintenance of the federal prison system;
• Office of the United States Attorneys (USAO) prosecutes violations of federal
criminal laws, represents the federal government in civil actions, and initiates
proceedings for the collection of fines, penalties, and forfeitures owed to the
United States;
• Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) provides federal leadership in
developing the nation’s capacity to reduce violence against women and
administer justice for and strengthen services to victims of domestic violence,
dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking;
• Office of Justice Programs (OJP) manages and coordinates the activities of the
Bureau of Justice Assistance; Bureau of Justice Statistics; National Institute of
Justice; Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention; Office of Sex
Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking; and
Office for Victims of Crime; and
• United States Marshals Service (USMS) provides security for the federal
judiciary, protects witnesses, executes warrants and court orders, manages seized
assets, detains and transports alleged and convicted offenders, and apprehends
fugitives.
Science Offices and Agencies
The science offices and agencies support research and development and related activities across a
wide variety of federal missions, including national competitiveness, space exploration, and
fundamental discovery.
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Office of Science and Technology Policy
The primary function of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) is to provide the
President and others within the Executive Office of the President with advice on the scientific,
engineering, and technological aspects of issues that require the attention of the federal
government.5 The OSTP director also manages the National Science and Technology Council,6
which coordinates science and technology policy across the executive branch of the federal
government, and co-chairs the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology,7 a
council of external advisors that provides advice to the President on matters related to science and
technology policy.
The National Space Council
The National Space Council, in the Executive Office of the President, is a coordinating body for
U.S. space policy. Chaired by the Vice President, it consists of the Secretaries of State, Defense,
Commerce, Transportation, and Homeland Security; the Administrator of NASA; and other senior
officials. The council was first established in 1988 through P.L. 100-685.8 The council ceased
operations in 1993, and was reestablished by the Trump Administration in June 2017.9
National Science Foundation
The National Science Foundation (NSF) supports basic research and education in the nonmedical
sciences and engineering. The foundation was established as an independent federal agency “to
promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure
the national defense; and for other purposes.”10 The NSF is a primary source of federal support
for U.S. university-based research in the nonmedical sciences and engineering. It is also
responsible for significant shares of the federal science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics (STEM) education program portfolio and federal STEM student aid and support.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was created to conduct civilian
space and aeronautics activities.11 It has five mission directorates. The Space Operations Mission
Directorate and the Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate are responsible for
human spaceflight activities, including the International Space Station and development efforts
for future crewed spacecraft. The Science Mission Directorate manages robotic science missions,
such as the Hubble Space Telescope, the Mars rover Curiosity, and satellites for Earth science
research. The Space Technology Mission Directorate develops new technologies for use in future
space missions, such as advanced propulsion and laser communications. The Aeronautics

5 National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-282).
6 Executive Order 12881, issued November 23, 1993, established the National Science and Technology Council.
7 Executive Order 13539, issued October 22, 2019, established the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and
Technology.
8 Title V of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989 (P.L. 100-685),
which was signed into law by President George H.W. Bush on November 17, 1988, established the National Space
Council in the Executive Office of the President, effective February 1, 1989. President Bush established the council, its
members, and its functions through Executive Order 12675, issued on April 20, 1989.
9 Executive Order 13803, issued June 30, 2017.
10 The National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (P.L. 81-507).
11 National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-568).
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Research Mission Directorate conducts research and development on aircraft and aviation
systems. In addition, NASA’s Office of STEM Engagement (formerly the Office of Education)
manages education programs for schoolchildren, college and university students, and the general
public.
Related Agencies
The annual CJS appropriations act includes funding for several related agencies:
• Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is responsible for enforcing federal
laws that make it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant or an employee
because of the person’s race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy, gender
identity, and sexual orientation), national origin, age (40 or older), disability, or
genetic information;
• International Trade Commission investigates the effects of dumped and
subsidized imports on domestic industries and conducts global safeguard
investigations, adjudicates cases involving imports that allegedly infringe
intellectual property rights, and serves as a resource for trade data and other trade
policy-related information;
• Legal Services Corporation (LSC) is a federally funded nonprofit corporation
that provides financial support for civil legal aid to low-income Americans;
• Marine Mammal Commission works for the conservation of marine mammals by
providing science-based oversight of domestic and international policies and
actions of federal agencies with a mandate to address human effects on marine
mammals and their ecosystems;
• Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) is responsible for developing and
coordinating U.S. international trade, commodity, and direct investment policy,
and overseeing negotiations with other countries;
• State Justice Institute is a federally funded nonprofit corporation that awards
grants to improve the quality of justice in state courts and foster innovative,
efficient solutions to common issues faced by all courts; and
• U.S. Commission on Civil Rights informs the development of national civil rights
policy and enhances enforcement of federal civil rights laws.
FY2024 Budget Request
For FY2024, the Administration requested a total of $93.829 billion for the departments and
agencies funded through CJS. This amount is $9.131 billion (+10.8%) more than regular FY2023
enacted funding for CJS ($84.698 billion). The Administration’s request included the following:
• $12.361 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $1.304 billion
(+11.8%) more than the FY2023 regular appropriation;
• $41.404 billion for DOJ, which is $2.868 billion (+7.4%) more than the FY2023
regular appropriation;
• $38.550 billion for the science agencies, which is $4.684 billion (+13.8%) more
than the FY2023 regular appropriation; and
• $1.515 billion for the related agencies, which is $275 million (+22.2%) more
than the FY2023 regular appropriation.
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The Administration requested funding for many CJS accounts at a level above the FY2023
regular appropriation (see Table 1). Some proposed increases included the following:
• NSF’s Research and Related Activities account (+$1.997 billion, +28.4%);
• DOJ’s Executive Office of Immigration Review (+$595 million, +69.5%);
• NOAA’s Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction account (+$486 million,
+29.4%);
• NASA’s Construction and Environmental Compliance and Restoration account
(+$406 million, a more than eight-fold increase);
• DOJ’s Juvenile Justice Programs account (+$360 million, +90.0%);
• Economic Development Assistance Programs (+$275 million, +63.8%);
• LSC (+$240 million, +42.9%);
• ATF’s Salaries and Expenses account (+$203 million, +12.2%);
• NASA’s Space Technology account (+$192 million, +16.0%);
• NIST’s Industrial Technology Services account (+$163 million, +76.8%);
• DOJ’s Research, Evaluation, and Statistics account (+$64 million, +83.1%); and
• NTIA (+$55 million, +89.2%).
There were also a few instances where the Administration proposed reducing funding for CJS
accounts, including the following:
• FBI’s Construction account (-$590 million, -90.5%);
• NIST’s Construction of Research Facilities account (-$200 million, -43.3%);
• COPS account (-$12 million, -1.8%); and
• USMS’s Federal Prisoner Detention account (-$4 million, -0.2%).
In addition, the Administration did not request any funding for the ATF’s Construction account
(-$75 million) and proposed reducing the obligation cap for the Crime Victims Fund (CVF) to
$1.200 billion (-$700 million, -36.8%).
The Administration also proposed changing the name of DOJ’s General Administration Salaries
and Expenses account to the Justice Operations, Management, and Accountability account.
Senate Committee-Reported Bill
On July 13, 2023, the Senate Committee on Appropriations marked up and reported its FY2024
CJS appropriations bill (S. 2321). The bill would have provided a total of $84.850 billion for CJS,
which is $152 million (+0.2%) more than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $8.979 billion
(-9.6%) less than the Administration’s request. The bill included the following:
• $11.143 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $87 million (+0.8%)
more than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $1.217 billion (-9.8%) less than
the Administration’s request;
• $37.957 billion for DOJ, which is $579 million (-1.5%) less than the FY2023
regular appropriation and $3.447 billion (-8.3%) less than the Administration’s
request;
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• $34.510 billion for the science agencies, which is $645 million (+1.9%) more
than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $4.040 billion (-10.5%) less than the
Administration’s request; and
• $1.240 billion for the related agencies, which is equal to the FY2023 regular
appropriation and $275 million (-18.1%) less than the Administration’s request.
Of the $84.850 billion in the Senate committee-reported bill, $2.250 billion (2.7%) was
designated as emergency funding. Accounts with emergency funding, and the amount of such
funding in those accounts, was as follows:
• NSF, Research and Related Activities, $420 million;
• DEA, Salaries and Expenses, $320 million;
• NASA, Construction and Environmental Compliance and Restoration, $296
million;
• NASA, Deep Space Exploration Systems, $280 million;
• NOAA, Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction, $180 million;
• BOP, Buildings and Facilities, $179 million;
• USMS, Federal Prisoner Detention, $150 million;
• FBI, Salaries and Expenses, $100 million;
• DOJ, State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance, $100 million;
• ATF, Salaries and Expenses, $71 million;
• USMS, Salaries and Expenses, $64 million;
• NIST, Construction of Research Facilities, $50 million;
• EDA, Economic Development Assistance Programs, $25 million; and
• NOAA, Operations, Research, and Facilities, $15 million.
The Senate Committee on Appropriations proposed an increase in funding for the Commerce
Department for FY2024 relative to FY2023 regular funding. The committee-reported bill would
have increased funding for NOAA (+$305 million, +4.9%), ITA (+$12 million, +2.0%), and the
Census Bureau (+$16 million, +1.1%). The committee recommended reduced funding for NIST
(-$179 million, -11.0%), which was the result of a proposed 53.6% reduction (-$248 million) in
the Construction of Research Facilities account, and EDA (-$32 million, -6.4%), which was the
result of a proposed 7.9% reduction (-$34 million) in the Economic Development Assistance
Programs account. The committee-reported bill would have funded most accounts in the
Commerce Department at a level equal to or below the Administration’s request. The one
exception was NIST’s Scientific and Technical Research and Services account, which would have
been funded at $26 million (+2.6%) more than the Administration’s request.
The Senate committee-reported bill would have provided less funding for DOJ relative to
FY2023 regular appropriations. The bill would have decreased funding for the FBI (-$443
million, -3.9%), which was the result of a proposed $592 million (-90.8%) reduction in the FBI’s
Construction account; for the ATF (-$58 million, -3.3%), which was the result of proposing no
funding for the ATF’s Construction account; and USMS (-$11 million, -0.3%). The legislation
would have increased funding for the BOP (+$185 million, +2.2%), the U.S. Attorneys (+$38
million, +1.4%), and DEA (+$26 million, +1.0%). The committee-reported bill would have also
increased funding for OVW (+$32 million, +4.6%) and Juvenile Justice Programs (+$15 million,
+3.8%) and decreased funding for State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance (-$216 million, -
8.9%) and COPS (-$128 million, -18.9%). Like the Department of Commerce, the committee-
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reported bill would have funded nearly all DOJ accounts at or below the Administration’s request,
with the exception of BOP’s Buildings and Facilities account (+$29 million, +16.3%). The
committee-reported bill would have set the obligation cap on the CVF at the Administration’s
requested level.
The Senate committee-reported bill would have decreased funding for NASA relative to FY2023
regular appropriations. The committee recommended reductions for the Science (-$454 million, -
5.8%); Space Technology (-$82 million, -6.8%); Space Operations (-$50 million, -1.2%); and
Safety, Security, and Mission Services (-$29 million, -0.9%) accounts. The legislation would have
provided a seven-fold increase in funding for the Construction and Environmental Compliance
and Restoration (+$332 million) account and a 3.6% increase (+$267 million) for the Exploration
account. Proposed funding for all NASA accounts in the committee-reported bill was below the
Administration’s request.
The Senate Committee on Appropriations recommended increased funding for NSF for FY2024,
which was the result of proposed increased funding for the Research and Related Activities
(+$587 million, +8.4%) and STEM Education (+$74 million, +6.4%). The committee
recommended funding all other NSF accounts at the FY2023 level. The committee’s proposed
funding for all of NSF’s accounts was below the Administration’s request.
The Senate committee-reported bill proposed funding for all of the related agencies equal to
FY2023 enacted appropriations. With the exception of the State Justice Institute, proposed
funding for the related agencies was below the Administration’s request.
House Committee Print
On July 14, 2023, the House CJS Appropriations Subcommittee marked up and reported its
FY2024 CJS appropriations bill. The House Appropriations Committee did not hold a mark-up
for the bill reported by the CJS Appropriations Subcommittee. Chairman Rogers introduced the
subcommittee’s bill as H.R. 5893. A committee print considered by the House Rules Committee
contained modifications of the text of H.R. 5893. The figures contained in this report reflect the
amounts included in the committee print.12
The committee print would have provided a total of $82.278 billion for CJS, which is $2.420
billion (-2.9%) less than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $11.551 billion (-12.3%) less than
the Administration’s request. The committee print included the following:
• $9.620 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $1.437 billion
(-13.0%) less than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $2.741 billion (-22.2%)
less than the Administration’s request;
• $36.528 billion for DOJ, which is $2.023 billion (-5.2%) less than the FY2023
regular appropriation and $4.875 billion (-11.8%) less than the Administration’s
request;
• $35.004 billion for the science agencies, which is $1.138 billion (+3.4%) more
than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $3.546 billion (-9.2%) less than the
Administration’s request; and

12 The text of the committee print is available at https://rules.house.gov/sites/republicans.rules118.house.gov/files/
CJS%20RCP%20FINAL_xml.pdf.
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• $1.126 billion for the related agencies, which is $114 million (-9.2%) less than
the FY2023 regular appropriation and $389 million (-25.7%) less than the
Administration’s request.
The committee print would have funded many Commerce accounts below the FY2023 regular
appropriation. However, the committee print included increased funding for NIST’s Scientific and
Technical Research and Services (+$67 million, +7.0%) and Industrial Technology Services
(+$25 million, +11.8%) accounts. The committee print would have also funded BIS and NOAA’s
Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction account at a level equal to the FY2023 regular
appropriation. Proposed funding in the committee print for most Commerce accounts was below
the Administration’s request, with the exception of NIST’s Scientific and Technical Research and
Services (+$25 million, +2.5%) account.
The committee print would have funded most DOJ accounts below the FY2023 regular
appropriation, though the committee print would have increased funding for DEA (+$198 million,
+7.7%), BOP’s Building and Facilities (+$165 million, +152.8%), BOP’s Salaries and Expenses
(+$100 million, +1.2%), State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance (+$71 million, +2.9%),
USMS’s Salaries and Expenses (+$11 million, +0.6%), COPS (+$8 million, +1.2%), and
Interagency Law Enforcement (+$5 million, +0.9%) accounts. The committee print would have
funded most DOJ accounts at a level below the Administration’s request. However, the committee
print included funding for the DEA (+$100 million, +3.8%), BOP’s Building and Facilities (+$93
million, +16.3%), State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance (+$50 million, +2.0%), COPS
(+$20 million, +3.0%), and Interagency Law Enforcement (+$5 million, +0.9%) accounts that
was above the requested level. The committee print would not have funded the Community
Relations Service and it would have eliminated the Research, Evaluation, and Statistics and
Juvenile Justice Programs accounts. The committee print would have funded programs that have
traditionally been funded in the Research, Evaluation, and Statistics and Juvenile Justice
Programs accounts through the State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance account, which
partially explained the proposed increase in funding for this account relative to the FY2023
regular appropriation and the Administration’s request. The committee print would have set the
obligation cap on the CVF at the Administration’s requested level.
The committee print included an increase in funding for NASA (+$350 million, +1.4%) relative
to the FY2023 regular appropriation. The committee print would have increased funding for all of
NASA’s accounts relative to the FY2023 regular appropriation, with the exception Science (-$415
million, -5.3%), STEM Engagement (-$55 million, -38.0%), and Office of the Inspector General
(no change) accounts. However, the committee print would have funded all of NASA’s accounts,
with the exception of the Deep Space Exploration Systems account, below the Administration’s
request.
The committee print would have provided $9.630 billion for NSF, which is $791 million (+9.0%)
more than the FY2023 regular appropriation. The committee print would have increased funding
for all of NSF’s accounts other than STEM Education (-$148 million, -12.8%) and the National
Science Board (-$0.5 million, -9.6%). The committee print would have funded all of NSF’s
accounts below the Administration’s request, with the exception of the Office of the Inspector
General, which would have been funded at a level equal to the Administration’s request.
The committee print would have funded all of the related agencies at a level below the FY2023
regular appropriation, with the exception of the International Trade Commission and the Trade
Enforcement Trust Fund, which would have been funded at the FY2023 level. The amounts for
the related agencies in the committee print were below the Administration’s request, with the
exception of the Trade Enforcement Trust Fund, which would have been funded at the
Administration’s requested level.
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9

Overview of FY2024 Appropriations for CJS

In addition to proposed rescissions of unobligated balances made available in past fiscal years to
CJS agencies, the committee print included a proposed $22.025 billion rescission of funds made
available to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) for enforcement actions and taxpayer support
services under Section 10301 of P.L. 117-169, commonly known as the Inflation Reduction Act of
2022.
FY2024 Enacted Appropriations
On March 9, 2024, President Biden signed into law the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024
(P.L. 118-42), which included the FY2024 CJS Appropriations Act (Division C). The act provides
a total of $83.530 billion for CJS, which is $1.168 billion (-1.4%) less than the FY2023 regular
appropriation and $10.299 billion (-11.0%) less than the Administration’s request. The act
includes the following:
• $10.827 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $229 million (-2.1%)
less than the FY2023 regular appropriation and $1.533 billion (-12.4%) less than
the Administration’s request;
• $37.520 billion for DOJ, which is $1.016 billion (-2.6%) less than the FY2023
regular appropriation and $3.884 billion (-9.4%) less than the Administration’s
request;
• $33.945 billion for the science agencies, which is $79 million (+0.2%) more than
the FY2023 regular appropriation and $4.605 billion (-11.9%) less than the
Administration’s request; and
• $1.237 billion for the related agencies, which is $2 million (-0.2%) less than the
FY2023 regular appropriation and $277 million (-18.3%) less than the
Administration’s request.
Of the $83.530 billion provided for CJS for FY2024, $2.000 billion (2.4%) was designated as
emergency funding. Accounts with emergency funding, and the amount of such funding in those
accounts, was as follows:
• NASA, Exploration, $450 million;
• DEA, $328 million;
• NASA, Construction and Environmental Compliance and Restoration, $250
million;
• USMS, Federal Prisoner Detention, $250 million;
• NSF, Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction, $234 million;
• USMS, Salaries and Expenses, $163 million;
• DOJ, State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance, $125 million;
• NOAA, Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction, $100 million;
• ITA, $50 million;
• BIS, Operations and Administration, $20 million; and
• EDA, Economic Development Assistance Programs, $30 million.
The FY2024 CJS Appropriations Act generally funds most of Commerce’s accounts at a level
equal to or below the FY2023 regular appropriation. There were a few instances where funding
for FY2024 increased relative to FY2023 funding: NIST’s Scientific and Technical Research and
Services account (+$127 million, +13.3%); NOAA’s Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction
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account (+$66 million, +4.0%); and NOAA’s Operations, Research, and Facilities account (+$47
million, +1.1%). Nearly all of Commerce’s accounts were funded at or below the
Administration’s request, with the sole exception being NIST’s Scientific and Technical Research
and Services account (+85 million, +8.5%).
Like Commerce, FY2024 funding for most of DOJ’s accounts was equal to or below the FY2023
regular appropriation. The FY2024 CJS Appropriations Act did increase funding for BOP’s
Buildings and Facilities account (+$72 million, +66.4%), the State and Local Law Enforcement
Assistance account (+$58 million, +2.4%), the DEA (+$4 million, +0.2%), and the COPS account
(+$2 million, +0.2%). Most of DOJ’s accounts were funded below the Administration’s request.
There were two instances where funding was greater than the Administration’s request, both grant
program accounts: State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance (+$37 million, +1.5%) and
COPS (+$14 million, +2.1%).
Many of the science accounts were funded at or below the FY2023 regular level. There were a
few exceptions, most notably a more than five-fold increase for NASA’s Construction and
Environmental Compliance and Restoration account (+$253 million). Other increases in FY2024
funding for science accounts include NASA’s Exploration account (+$197 million, +2.6%),
NSF’s Research and Related Activities account (+$155 million, +2.2%), NSF’s Major Research
Equipment and Facilities Construction account (+$47 million, +25.0%), and NSF’s STEM
Education account (+$18 million, +1.6%). All of the science accounts were funded below the
Administration’s request.
The FY2024 CJS Appropriations Act provides funding for most related agencies at a level equal
to the FY2023 regular appropriation, with the exception of the ITA (-0.3%) and the Salaries and
Expenses for the USTR (-3.3%), which were funded below the FY2023 regular level. All of the
related agencies were funded below the Administration’s request, with the exception of the State
Justice Institute and the Trade Enforcement Fund, which were funded at the requested level.
Table 1. Funding for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS):
FY2023 Enacted Funding, the Administration’s FY2024 Request, the Senate
Committee-Reported and House Committee Print Amounts, and FY2024 Enacted
Funding
(appropriations in millions of dollars)
FY2024
FY2024
FY2024
Senate
House
Departments and
FY2023
Administration’s
Committee-
Committee
FY2024
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported Bill
Print
Enactedi
Department of Commerce
International Trade
$625.0
$724.9
$637.0
$570.0
$623.0
Administration
Offsetting Fee Col ections
-12.0
-12.0
-12.0
-12.0
-12.0
(International Trade
Administration)
Bureau of Industry and Security
191.0
222.4
191.0
191.0
191.0
Economic Development
498.0
804.0
466.0
254.5
468.0
Administration
Economic Development
(68.0)
(99.5)
(70.0)
(43.5)
(68.0)
Assistance Programs
Salaries and Expenses
(430.0)
(704.5)
(396.0)
(211.0)
(400.0)
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FY2024
FY2024
FY2024
Senate
House
Departments and
FY2023
Administration’s
Committee-
Committee
FY2024
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported Bill
Print
Enactedi
Minority Business Development
70.0
110.0
70.0
55.0
68.3
Agency
Economic and Statistical Analysis
130.0
154.0
130.0
116.0
125.0
Census Bureau
1,485.0
1,606.0
1,501.0
1,354.0
1,382.5
Current Surveys and
(330.0)
(375.7)
(346.0)
(300.0)
(328.5)
Programs
Periodic Censuses and
(1,155.0)
(1,230.3)
(1,054.0)
(1,155.0)
(1,054.0)
Programs
National Telecommunications
62.0
117.3
62.0
54.0
59.0
and Information Administration
Salaries and Expenses
(62.0)
(109.7)
(60.0)
(54.0)
(57.0)
Facilities Management and
—
(7.6)
(2.0)
—
(2.0)
Construction
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
4,253.4
4,195.8
4,195.8
4,195.8
4,195.8
(USPTO)b
Offsetting Fee Receipts (USPTO)
-4,253.4
-4,195.8
-4,195.8
-4,195.8
-4,159.8
National Institute of Standards
1,627.3
1,632.0
1,447.8
1,476.9
1,460.0
and Technology
Scientific and Technical
(953.0)
(994.9)
(1,021.3)
(1,019.9)
(1,080.0)
Research and Services
Industrial Technology
(212.0)
(374.9)
(212.0)
(237.0)
(212.0)
Services
Manufacturing Extension
(175.0)
(277.2)
(175.0)
(200.0)
(175.0)
Partnership
Manufacturing USA
(37.0)
(97.7)
(37.0)
(37.0)
(37.0)
Programc
Construction of Research
(462.3)
(262.1)
(214.5)
(220.0)
(168.0)
Facilities, new appropriation
National Oceanic and
6,201.3
6,807.0
6,506.4
5,430.6
6,319.0
Atmospheric Administration
Operations, Research, and
(4,501.0)
(4,616.5)
(4,528.4)
(3,726.6)
(4,548.5)
Facilitiesd
Procurement, Acquisition,
(1,653.6)
(2,139.8)
(1,927.3)
(1,653.6)
(1,719.9)
and Construction
Pacific Coastal Salmon
(65.0)
(65.0)
(65.0)
(65.0)
(65.0)
Recovery Fund
Fishermen’s Contingency
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
Fund
Fisheries Finance Program
(-19.0)
(-15.0)
(-15.0)
(-15.0)
(-15.0)
Account
Fisheries Disaster Assistance
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
—
(0.3)
Fund
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FY2024
FY2024
FY2024
Senate
House
Departments and
FY2023
Administration’s
Committee-
Committee
FY2024
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported Bill
Print
Enactedi
Departmental Management
179.1
195.2
144.1
129.6
143.6
Subtotal: Department of
11,056.7
12,360.7
11,143.3
9,619.7
10,827.4
Commerce
Department of Justice
General Administration
1,278.0
2,009.1
1,197.0
1,049.0
1,151.0
Justice Operations,
(145.0)
(212.5)
(140.0)
(113.0)
(142.0)
Management, and
Accountabilitye
Justice Information Sharing
(138.0)
(193.6)
(50.0)
(38.0)
(30.0)
Technology
Executive Office of
(856.0)
(1,451.3)
(865.0)
(756.0)
(840.0)
Immigration Review
Office of the Inspector
(139.0)
(151.6)
(142.0)
(142.0)
(139.0)
General
U.S. Parole Commission
14.6
15.1
15.0
14.2
14.0
Legal Activities
4,140.8
4,661.7
4,195.6
3,499.0
4,010.7
General Legal Activities
(1,138.0)
(1,331.0)
(1,157.3)
(938.5)
(1,090.0)
U.S. Attorneys
(2,632.0)
(2,870.4)
(2,670.0)
(2,312.0)
(2,611.0)
Antitrust Division
(225.0)
(324.8)
(278.0)
(192.8)
(233.0)
Offsetting Fee Col ections
(-190.0)
(-278.0)
(-278.0)
(-278.0)
(-278.0)
(Antitrust Division)
U.S. Trustee Program
(255.0)
(276.8)
(257.0)
(239.0)
(245.0)
Offsetting Fee Col ections
(-269.0)
(-230.0)
(-230.0)
(-230.0)
(-230.0)
(U.S. Trustee Program)
Foreign Claims Settlement
(2.5)
(2.6)
(2.6)
(2.5)
(2.5)
Commission
Fees and Expenses of
(270.0)
(270.0)
(270.0)
(270.0)
(270.0)
Witnesses
Community Relations
(25.0)
(28.1)
(25.5)
—
(24.0)
Service
Assets Forfeiture Fundf
(20.5)
(20.5)
(20.5)
(20.5)
(20.5)
Vaccine Injury
(31.7)
(31.7)
(22.7)
(31.7)
(22.7)
Compensation Trust Fund
Office for Access to Justice
—
(13.7)
—
—
—
United States Marshals Service
3,852.8
4,074.5
3,842.0
3,856.4
3,807.0
Salaries and Expenses
(1,705.0)
(1,924.5)
(1,724.0)
(1,715.7)
(1,692.0)
Construction
(18.0)
(24.3)
(18.0)
(15.0)
(15.0)
Federal Prisoner Detention
(2,129.8)
(2,125.7)
(2,100.0)
(2,125.7)
(2,100.0)
National Security Division
133.5
144.8
135.0
120.7
128.0
Interagency Law Enforcement
550.5
550.5
550.5
555.5
547.0
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FY2024
FY2024
FY2024
Senate
House
Departments and
FY2023
Administration’s
Committee-
Committee
FY2024
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported Bill
Print
Enactedi
Federal Bureau of Investigation
11,327.9
11,386.0
10,885.0
10,306.0
10,673.7
Salaries and Expenses
(10,676.0)
(11,324.1)
(10,825.0)
(10,276.0)
(10,643.7)
Construction
(651.9)
(61.9)
(60.0)
(30.0)
(30.0)
Drug Enforcement
2,563.1
2,660.9
2,589.0
2,760.9
2,567.0
Administration
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco,
1,747.0
1,875.5
1,689.0
1,531.1
1,625.0
Firearms and Explosives
Salaries and Expenses
(1,672.0)
(1,875.5)
(1,689.0)
(1,531.1)
(1,625.0)
Construction
(75.0)
—
—
—
—
Federal Prison System
8,503.3
8,826.8
8,688.7
8,768.3
8,575.1
Salaries and Expenses
(8,392.6)
(8,644.3)
(8,477.0)
(8,492.6)
(8,392.6)
Building and Facilities
(108.0)
(179.8)
(209.0)
(273.0)
(179.8)
Limitation on Administrative
(2.7)
(2.7)
(2.7)
(2.7)
(2.7)
Expenses, Federal Prison
Industries
Office on Violence Against
700.0
1,000.0
732.0
700.0
713.0g
Women
Office of Justice Programs
3,061.6
3,547.9
2,902.9
2,696.7
3,123.9
Research, Evaluation, and
(77.0)
(141.0)
(78.0)
—
(65.0)
Statistics
State and Local Law
(2,416.8)
(2,438.1)
(2,201.1)
(2,487.9)
(2,475.1)
Enforcement Assistance
Juvenile Justice Programs
(400.0)
(760.0)
(415.0)
—
(375.0)
Public Safety Officers
(167.8)
(208.8)
(208.8)
(208.8)
(208.8)
Benefits
Community Oriented Policing
662.9
651.0
534.9
670.6
664.5
Services
Obligation Cap on the Crime
1,900.0
1,200.0
1,200.0
1,200.0
1,353.0
Victims Fund
Offsetting Receipts
-1,900.0
-1,200.0
-1,200.0
-1,200.0
-1,353.0
Subtotal: Department of
38,535.9
41,403.7
37,956.6
36,528.4
37,519.9
Justice
Science Agencies
Office of Science and Technology
8.0
8.2
8.0
5.5
8.0
Policy
National Space Council
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.9
2.0
National Aeronautics and Space
25,016.7
27,185.0
25,000.3
25,366.5
24,875.0
Administration
Science
(7,795.0)
(8,260.8)
(7,340.9)
(7,380.0)
(7.334.2)
Aeronautics
(935.0)
(995.8)
(935.0)
(945.8)
(935.0)
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FY2024
FY2024
FY2024
Senate
House
Departments and
FY2023
Administration’s
Committee-
Committee
FY2024
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported Bill
Print
Enactedi
Space Technology
(1,200.0)
(1,391.6)
(1,118.0)
(1,205.0)
(1,100.0)
Exploration
(7,468.9)
(7,971.1)
(7,736.3)
(7,971.1)
(7,666.2)
Space Operations
(4,250.0)
(4,534.6)
(4,200.0)
(4,344.6)
(4,220.0)
Science, Technology,
(143.5)
(157.8)
(143.5)
(89.0)
(143.0)
Engineering, and
Mathematics (STEM)
Engagement
Safety, Security, and Mission
(3,129.5)
(3,369.4)
(3,100.0)
(3,135.5)
(3,129.0)
Services
Construction and
(47.3)
(453.7)
(379.0)
(247.9)
(300.0)
Environmental Compliance
and Restoration
Inspector General
(47.6)
(50.2)
(47.6)
(47.6)
(47.6)
National Science Foundation
8,838.8
11,354.7
9,500.0
9,630.1
9,060.0
Research and Related
(7,021.1)
(9,017.9)
(7,608.3)
(7,866.6)
(7,176.5)
Activities
STEM Education
(1,154.0)
(1,496.2)
(1,228.0)
(1,006.0)
(1,172.0)
Major Research Equipment
(187.2)
(304.7)
(187.2)
(254.0)
(234.0)
and Facilities Construction
Agency Operations and
(448.0)
(503.9)
(448.0)
(472.0)
(448.0)
Award Management
National Science Board
(5.1)
(5.3)
(5.1)
(4.6)
(5.1)
Office of the Inspector
(23.4)
(26.8)
(23.4)
(26.8)
(24.4)
General
Subtotal: Science Agencies
33,865.5
38,549.9
34,510.3
35,003.9
33,944.9
Related Agencies
U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
14.4
15.6
14.4
13.0
14.4
Equal Employment Opportunity
455.0
481.1
455.0
420.0
455.0
Commission
International Trade Commission
122.4
127.4
122.4
122.4
122.0
Legal Services Corporation
560.0
800.0
560.0
489.0
560.0
Marine Mammal Commission
4.5
5.0
4.5
4.2
4.5
Office of the U.S. Trade
61.0
62.9
61.0
56.0
59.0
Representative, Salaries and
Expenses
Trade Enforcement Trust Fund
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
State Justice Institute
7.6
7.6
7.6
6.0
7.6
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FY2024
FY2024
FY2024
Senate
House
Departments and
FY2023
Administration’s
Committee-
Committee
FY2024
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported Bill
Print
Enactedi
Subtotal: Related Agencies
1,239.9
1,514.6
1,239.9
1,125.6
1,237.5
CJS Total
84,698.0
93,828.8
84,850.1
82,277.6
83,529.7
Rescission of Unobligated
-1,370.8
-1,181.5
-11,786.6
-247.6
-13,663.3
Balances
Inflation Reduction Act (P.L.
—
—
—
-22,025.0h
—
117-169) Rescission
Sources: The FY2023 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L.
117-328, printed in the December 20, 2022, Congressional Record (pp. S7898-S8029). The FY2024 requested and
the Senate committee-reported amounts were taken from the report (S.Rept. 118-63) to accompany S. 2321.
The House committee print numbers were taken from the text of Committee Print 118-12 posted on the
House Rules Committee’s website and the accompanying explanatory statement published by the House
Committee on Appropriations. FY2024 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to
accompany P.L. 118-42, printed in the March 5, 2024 Congressional Record (pp. S1398-S1416).
Notes: The accounts presented in Table 1 are consistent with those used by the Congressional Budget Office
(CBO) to score the CJS appropriations bil . Amounts in parentheses are subaccounts and not offsets.
a. FY2023 enacted amounts do not include emergency supplemental funding or any appropriations from the
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA, P.L. 117-58) and the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (BSCA,
P.L. 117-159); see Table 2 and Table 3.
b. Funding for the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is ful y derived from user fees.
c. The Manufacturing USA Program was formerly known as the National Network for Manufacturing
Innovation.
d. The amount for the Operations, Research, and Facilities account includes a transfer from the Promote and
Develop Fishery Products and Research Pertaining to American Fisheries Fund.
e. This account was formerly called the General Administration, Salaries and Expenses account. The account
name was changed in P.L. 118-42.
f.
As a part of the annual CJS appropriations act, Congress traditionally sets a limit on the amount of expenses
that can be paid for the purposes authorized under subparagraphs (B), (F), and (G) of Section 524(c)(1) of
Title 28 of the United States Code.
g. This amount includes a $80.0 mil ion transfer from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence
Against Women.
h. The House committee print would have rescinded $12.900 bil ion made available under Section
10301(1)(A)(i ) of P.L. 117-169 for the IRS to conduct enforcement actions and $9.125 bil ion made available
under Section 10301(1)(A)(i i) for the IRS for expenses to support taxpayer services and enforcement
programs.
i.
FY2024 enacted amounts do not include any appropriations from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs
Act (IIJA, P.L. 117-58) and the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (BSCA, P.L. 117-159); see Table 3.

FY2023 Supplemental Funding for CJS
Both the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA, P.L. 117-58) ($1.100 billion) and the
Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (BSCA, P.L. 117-159) ($300 million) provided supplemental
appropriations for the Departments of Commerce and Justice for FY2023. Section 121 of the
Continuing Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-180) provided supplemental funding ($15 million)
for the FBI for investigative activities associated with Afghan resettlement operations. In
addition, the Disaster Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 (Division N of P.L. 117-328)
provided a total of $3.809 billion in supplemental funding for CJS agencies.
Congressional Research Service

16

Overview of FY2024 Appropriations for CJS

Table 2. FY2023 CJS Supplemental Funding
(appropriations in millions of dollars)
Division J,
Division B,
Division A,
Division N,

P.L. 117-58
P.L. 117-159
P.L. 117-180
P.L. 117-328
Department of Commerce
Economic Development Administration
—
—
—
$1,118.0
Economic Development Assistance
—
—
—
(1,118.0)
Programs
National Telecommunications and Information
$550.0
—
—
—
Administration
Digital Equity
(550.0)
—
—
—
National Institute of Standards and Technology
—
—
—
67.0
Scientific and Technical Research and
—
—
—
(40.0)
Services
Industrial Technology Services
—
—
—
(27.0)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
550.0
—
—
827.5
Administration
Operations, Research, and Facilities
(515.6)
—
—
(91.0)
Procurement, Acquisition, and
—
—
—
(436.5)
Construction
Pacific Coastal Salmon Recovery
(34.4)
—
—
—
Fisheries Disaster Assistance Fund
—
—
—
(300.0)
Department of Justice
Federal Bureau of Investigation
—
—
15.3
—
Salaries and Expenses
—
—
(15.3)
—
Federal Prison System
—
—
—
182.0
Buildings and Facilities
—
—
—
(182.0)
Office of Justice Programs
—
280.0
—
—
State and Local Law Enforcement
—
(280.0)
—
—
Assistance
Community Oriented Policing Services
—
20.0
—
—
Science Agencies
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
—
—
—
556.4
Construction and Environmental
—
—
—
(556.4)
Compliance and Restoration
National Science Foundation
—
—
—
1,037.6
Research and Related Activities
—
—
—
(820.7)
STEM Education
—
—
—
(217.0)
Related Agencies
Legal Services Corporation
—
—
—
20.0
Total
1,100.0
300.0
15.3
3,808.6
Congressional Research Service

17

link to page 20 link to page 21 link to page 21 Overview of FY2024 Appropriations for CJS

Source: Text of P.L. 117-58, P.L. 117-159, P.L. 117-180, and P.L. 117-328.
Notes: The accounts presented in Table 2 are consistent with those used by CBO to score the CJS
appropriations bil . Amounts in parentheses are subaccounts and not offsets.
Advanced Appropriations
As shown in Table 3, the IIJA provided advanced appropriations for FY2023 to FY2026 for one
NTIA program and two NOAA accounts.13 The BSCA also provided advanced appropriations for
FY2023 to FY2026 for DOJ grant programs under the State and Local Law Enforcement
Assistance and Community Oriented Policing Services accounts.
Table 3. Advanced Appropriations for CJS
(appropriations in millions of dollars)

FY2023
FY2024
FY2025
FY2026
Department of Commerce
National Telecommunications and Information
Administration
$550.0
$550.0
$550.0
$550.0
Digital Equity
(550.0)
(550.0)
(550.0)
(550.0)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
550.0
550.0
550.0
541.4
Operations, Research, and Facilities
(515.6)
(515.6)
(515.6)
(507.0)
Pacific Coastal Salmon Recovery
(34.4)
(34.4)
(34.4)
(34.4)
Department of Justice
State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance
280.0
280.0
280.0
280.0
Community Oriented Policing Services
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
Total
1,400.0
1,400.0
1,400.0
1,391.4
Source: Text of P.L. 117-58 and P.L. 117-159.
Notes: The accounts presented in Table 3 are consistent with those used by CBO to score the CJS
appropriations bil . Amounts in parentheses are subaccounts and not offsets.

13 For more information on advanced appropriations, see CRS Report R43482, Advance Appropriations, Forward
Funding, and Advance Funding: Concepts, Practice, and Budget Process Considerations.
Congressional Research Service

18

Appendix. Historical Funding for CJS
Table A-1. Nominal Funding for CJS Agencies, by Account: FY2014-FY2023
(appropriations in millions of dollars)
Bureau or Agency
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
FY2021
FY2022
FY2023
Department of Commerce
International Trade
$460.6
$462.0
$483.0
$483.0
$482.0
$484.0
$510.3
$530.0
$559.0
$613.0
Administration
Bureau of Industry and
101.5
102.5
112.5
112.5
113.5
118.1
127.7
133.0
163.1
191.0
Security
Economic Development
246.5
250.0
261.0
276.0
901.5
904.0
1,833.0
3,346.0
373.5
1,616.0
Administration
Minority Business
28.0
30.0
32.0
34.0
39.0
40.0
52.0
73.0
55.0
70.0
Development Agency
Economic and Statistical
99.0
100.0
109.0
107.3
99.0
101.0
108.0
111.9
116.0
130.0
Analysis
Census Bureau
945.0
1,088.0
1,370.0
1,470.0
2,814.0
3,821.4
7,558.3
1,106.6
1,354.0
1,485.0
National
46.0
38.2
39.5
32.0
39.5
39.5
40.4
45.5
46,050.0
612.0
Telecommunications and
Information Administration
U.S. Patent and Trademark
3,024.0
3,458.0
3,272.0
3,230.0
3,500.0
3,370.0
3,450.7
3,695.3
4,058.4
4,253.4
Office (USPTO)
Offsetting Fee Receipts
-3,024.0
-3,458.0
-3,272.0
-3,230.0
-3,500.0
-3,370.0
-3.450.7
-3,695.3
-4,058.4
-4,253.4
(USPTO)
National Institute of
850.0
863.9
964.0
952.0
1,198.5
985.5
1,100.0
1,034.5
1,252.1
1,694.3
Standards and Technology
National Oceanic and
5,314.6
5,441.0
5,765.6
5,675.4
6,309.5
5,720.3
5,688.2
5,730.6
10,304.0
7,578.8
Atmospheric Administration
Departmental Management
89.5
91.1
109.1
94.7
140.9
95.7
115.0
128.1
146.9
179.1
Commerce Subtotal
8,180.6
8,466.7
9,245.6
9,237.0
12,137.4
12,309.5
17,132.8
12,239.2
60,373.6
14,169.2
CRS-19

link to page 25 link to page 25 link to page 26 link to page 26 link to page 26 link to page 26 link to page 26 link to page 26 link to page 26 link to page 26
Bureau or Agency
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
FY2021
FY2022
FY2023
Department of Justice
General Administration
533.2
435.6
659.0
676.7
746.8
870.4
926.6
998.6
1,106.8
1,278.0
General Administration
(135.8)
(137.3)
(142.5)
(145.1)
(149.0)
(145.0)
(152.6)
(158.0)a
(232.8)
(283.0)
Administrative Review
(311.0)
(347.1)
(422.8)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
& Appeals
Executive Office for
—
—
—
(436.0)
(500.5)
(624.4)
(669.0)
(730.0)
(756.0)
(856.0)
Immigration Review
Office of the Inspector
(86.4)
(88.6)
(93.7)
(95.6)
(97.3)
(101.0)
(105.0)
(110.6)
(118.0)
(139.0)
General
U.S. Parole Commission
12.6
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.0
13.3
13.5
14.2
14.6
Legal Activities
3,180.8
3,220.2
3,314.6
3,353.8
3,386.6
3,329.4
3,443.4
3,578.9
3,648.3
4,140.8
General legal activities
(867.0)
(885.0)
(893.0)
(897.5)
(897.5)
(904.0)
(920.0)
(960.0)
(1,009.7)
(1,138.0)
U.S. Attorneys
(1,944.0)
(1,960.0)
(2,000.0)
(2,035.0)
(2,136.8)
(2,212.0)
(2,257.5)
(2,342.2)
(2,424.9)
(2,632.0)
Otherb
(369.8)
(375.2)
(421.6)
(421.3)
(352.3)
(213.4)
(265.8)
(276.8)
(213.7)
(370.8)
U.S. Marshals Service
2,727.8
1,700.1c
2,700.0
2,713.5
2,903.4
3,081.7
3,327.5
3,682.6
3,728.3
3,852.8
National Security Division
91.8
93.0
95.0
96.0
101.0
101.4
110.0
117.5
121.8
133.5
Interagency Law
514.0
507.2
512.0
517.0
542.9
560.0
550.5
550.5
550.5
550.5
Enforcement
Federal Bureau of
8,343.3
8,436.6
8,798.8
9,006.4
9,421.4
9,577.1
9,972.9
10,493.8
10,961.9
11,343.2
Investigation
Drug Enforcement
2,018.0
2,033.3
2,080.0
2,103.0
2,201.8
2,267.0
2,294.2
2,386.3
2,421.5
2,563.1
Administration
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco,
1,179.0
1,201.0
1,240.0
1,258.6
1,293.8
1,316.7
1,400.0
1,483.9
1,531.1
1,747.0
Firearms & Explosives
Federal Prison System
6,861.7
6,923.7
7,481.2
7,141.5
7,328.3
7,545.1
7,880.7
8,138.1
8,102.7
8,685.3
Office of Violence Against
417.0
430.0
101.0d
155.5e
—f
—g
67.5h
78.5h
—i
700.0
Women (OVW)
CRS-20

Bureau or Agency
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
FY2021
FY2022
FY2023
Office of Justice Programs
1,643.3
1,690.8
1,883.0
1,705.8
2,169.3
2,218.8
3,282.8
2,485.8
3,075.0
3,341.6
(OJP)
Research, Evaluation,
(120.0)
(111.0)
(116.0)
(89.0)
(90.0)
(80.0)
(79.0)
(82.0)
(70.0)
(77.0)
and Statistics
State and Local Law
(1,171.5)
(1,241.0)
(1,408.5)
(1,280.5)
(1,680.0)
(1,723.0)
(2,742.0)
(1,914.0)
(2,493.0)
(2,696.8)
Enforcement Assistance
Juvenile Justice
(254.5)
(251.5)
(270.2)
(247.0)
(282.5)
(287.0)
(320.0)
(346.0)
(360.0)
(400.0)
Programs
Public Safety Officers
(97.3)
(87.3)
(88.3)
(89.3)
(116.8)
(128.8)
(141.8)
(143.8)
(152.0)
(167.8)
Benefits
Community Oriented
214.0
208.0
212.0
221.5
275.5
303.5
343.0
386.0
531.7
682.9
Policing Services (COPS)
DOJ Subtotal
27,736.6
27,030.2
29,089.8
28,962.5
30,384.0
31,184.1
33,612.2
34,393.9
35,793.8
39,033.2
Science Agencies
Office of Science and
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
6.6
8.0
Technology Policy
National Space Council
—
—
—
—
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
National Aeronautics and
17,646.5
18,010.2
19,285.0
19,762.3
20,817.4
21,500.0
22,689.0
23,271.3
24,362.7
25,573.1
Space Administration
National Science Foundation
7,171.9
7,344.2
7,463.5
7,472.2
7,783.7
8,075.0
8,354.3
8,486.8
8,863.0
9,876.4
Science Agencies
24,824.0
25,360.0
26,754.0
27,240.1
28,608.6
29,582.5
31,050.8
31,765.5
33,234.3
35,459.5
Subtotal
Related Agencies
U.S. Commission on Civil
9.0
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.7
10.1
10.5
12.5
13.0
14.4
Rights
Equal Employment
364.0
364.5
364.5
364.5
379.5
379.5
389.5
404.5
420.0
455.0
Opportunity Commission
International Trade
83.0
84.5
88.5
91.5
93.7
95.0
99.4
103.0
110.0
122.4
Commission
CRS-21

Bureau or Agency
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
FY2021
FY2022
FY2023
Legal Services Corporation
365.0
375.0
385.0
385.0
425.0
430.0
490.0
465.0
529.0
580.0
Marine Mammal
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.8
4.2
4.5
Commission
U.S. Trade Representative
52.6
54.3
54.5
47.0
57.6
53.0
104.0
55.0
56.0
61.0
Trade Enforcement Trust
—
—
—
15.0
15.0
15.0
55.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
Fund
State Justice Institute
4.9
5.1
5.1
5.1
5.1
6.0
6.6
7.0
7.2
7.6
Commission on the State of
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
2.0
—
the U.S. Olympics and
Paralympics
Related Agencies
881.8
895.9
910.3
920.8
989.1
992.1
1,158.6
1,065.8
1,156.4
1,259.9
Subtotal
Total Appropriation
61,622.9
61,752.7
65,999.7
66,360.3
72,119.0
74,068.1
82,954.5
79,464.4
130,558.1
89,921.8
Rescission of
-219.3
-679.6
-878.7
-1,142.3
-661.1
-1,060.8
-364.0
-425.0
-516.8
-1,370.8
Unobligated Balances
Sources: FY2014 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 113-76, printed in the January 15, 2014, Congressional Record (pp.
H507-H532); FY2015 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 113-235, printed in the December 11, 2014, Congressional
Record (pp. H9342-H9363); FY2016 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 114-113, printed in the December 17, 2015,
Congressional Record (pp. H9732-H9759); FY2017 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 115-31, printed in the May 3,
2017, Congressional Record (pp. H3365-H3390); FY2018 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 115-141, printed in the
March 22, 2018, Congressional Record (pp. H2084-H2115), and P.L. 115-123; FY2019 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 116-9; FY2020 enacted amounts were
taken from the explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 116-93, published in the December 17, 2019 Congressional Record (pp. H10961-H10989) and the text of P.L.
116-113 and P.L. 116-136; FY2021 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 116-260, printed in the December 21, 2020,
Congressional Record (pp. H7951-H7966) and the text of P.L. 116-260 and P.L. 117-2; FY2022 enacted amounts were taken from the text of P.L. 117-103, the text of the
joint explanatory statement, printed in the March 9, 2022, Congressional Record (pp. H1772-H1865), and the text of P.L. 117-169; the FY2023 enacted amounts were
taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 117-328, printed in the December 20, 2022, Congressional Record (pp. S7898-S8029) and the text of P.L.
117-58, P.L. 117-159, P.L. 117-180, and P.L. 117-328.
Notes: Amounts may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts include all supplemental appropriations. Amounts also include all rescission of current-year budget
authority, but they do not include rescissions of a prior year’s unobligated balances. Amounts in parentheses are subaccounts and not offsets.
a. Includes $5 mil ion in funding provided through a general provision for a use of force database as required by Executive Order 13929.
b. “Other” includes subaccounts for the Antitrust Division, Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund, U.S. Trustee System Fund, Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission, Fees and Expenses of Witnesses, Community Relations Service, and the Asset Forfeiture Fund.
CRS-22

c. This amount does not include a required transfer of $1.1 bil ion in unobligated balances from the Assets Forfeiture Fund to the U.S. Marshals Federal Prisoner
Detention account.
d. This amount does not include a $379 mil ion transfer from the Crime Victims Fund to OVW per P.L. 114-113.
e. This amount does not include a $326 mil ion transfer from the Crime Victims Fund to OVW per P.L. 115-31.
f.
Per P.L. 115-141, $492 mil ion was transferred from the Crime Victims Fund OVW.
g. Per P.L. 116-6, $498 mil ion was transferred from the Crime Victims Fund to OVW.
h. This amount does not include a $435 mil ion transfer from the Crime Victims Fund to OVW per P.L. 116-93.
i.
Per P.L. 117-103, $575 mil ion was transferred from the Crime Victims Fund to OVW.

CRS-23

Overview of FY2024 Appropriations for CJS

Author Information

Nathan James

Analyst in Crime Policy

Key Policy Staff
Area of Expertise
Name
OJP, COPS, BOP, FBI, U.S. Marshals,
Nathan James
U.S. Attorneys, ATF
Juvenile Justice
Kristin Finklea
DEA, OVW, Crime Victims Fund
Lisa N. Sacco
Trade-related agencies: ITA, ITC,
M. Angeles Vil arreal
USTR
BIS
Christopher Casey
EDA, MBDA
Julie Lawhorn
Census Bureau, ESA
Taylor R. Knoedl
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Marcy Gallo
NIST
Emily G. Blevins
NOAA
Eva Lipiec
NASA, National Space Council
Daniel Morgan
NSF
Laurie Harris
NTIA
Ling Zhu
Legal Services Corporation
Libby Perl

Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and
under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other
than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in
connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not
subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in
its entirety without permission from CRS. However, as a CRS Report may include copyrighted images or
material from a third party, you may need to obtain the permission of the copyright holder if you wish to
copy or otherwise use copyrighted material.

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