Overview of FY2023 Appropriations for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS)

June 10, 2022 – March 9, 2023 R47157

Overview of FY2023 Appropriations for
March 9, 2023
Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related
Nathan James
Agencies (CJS)
Acting Section Research
Manager
This report describes actions taken to provide FY2023 appropriations for Commerce, Justice,

Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. The annual CJS appropriations act provides
funding for the Department of Commerce, which includes bureaus and offices such as the Census

Bureau, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology; the Department of Justice (DOJ), which
includes agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Bureau of Prisons, the U.S. Marshals, the Drug
Enforcement Administration, and the U.S. Attorneys; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); the
National Science Foundation (NSF); and several related agencies such as the Legal Services Corporation (LSC) and the
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
The Administration requested $88.786 billion for CJS for FY2023, which is $9.672 billion (+12.2%) more than the FY2022
regular appropriation of $79.114 billion. There was also $51.264 billion in supplemental appropriations for CJS for FY2022.
The Administration’s budget request for CJS included $11.693 billion for the Department of Commerce, $39.268 billion for
DOJ, $36.476 billion for the science agencies, and $1.374 billion for the related agencies. The Administration’s FY2023
budget proposed consolidating funding for the Census Bureau into one account. Currently, the Census Bureau is funded
through two accounts: Current Surveys and Programs and Periodic Censuses and Programs. The Administration argued that
the proposed budget restructuring will facilitate the Census Bureau’s transformation from a “20th century survey-centric
model to a 21st century data-centric model.”
The FY2023 CJS appropriations bill reported by the House Committee on Appropriations (H.R. 8256, 117th Congress)
included $86.504 billion for CJS, which is $7.390 billion (+9.3%) more than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $2.306
billion (-2.6%) less than the Administration’s request. The committee-reported CJS bill included the following: $11.551
billion for the Department of Commerce, $38.503 billion for DOJ, $35.087 billion for the science agencies, and $1.364
billion for the related agencies.
The FY2023 CJS appropriations bill introduced in the Senate (S. 4664, 117th Congress) would have provided $87.511 billion
for CJS, which is $8.397 billion (+10.6%) more than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $1.299 billion (-1.5%) less than
the Administration’s request. The bill included $11.414 billion for the Department of Commerce, $38.552 billion for DOJ,
$36.321 billion for the science agencies, and $1.224 billion for the related agencies. The bill did not include the
Administration’s proposal to change the Census Bureau’s account structure.
The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-328) provides $84.698 billion for CJS, which is $5.584 billion (+7.1%)
more than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $4.112 billion (-4.6%) less than the Administration’s FY2023 request. There
is also $5.224 billion in supplemental appropriations for CJS for FY2023. FY2023 regular funding for CJS includes the
following: $11.057 billion for the Department of Commerce, $38.536 billion for DOJ, $33.865 billion for the science
agencies, and $1.240 billion for the related agencies. The act does not adopt the Administration’s proposed restructuring of
the Census Bureau’s accounts.

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his report describes actions taken to provide FY2023 appropriations for Commerce,
Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) accounts. This report also provides
T information on FY2022 supplemental appropriations and advanced appropriations for CJS.
(Enacted funding for CJS for the past 10 fiscal years can be found in Table A-1.)
The dollar amounts in this report reflect only new appropriations made available for the fiscal
year. Therefore, the amounts do not include any rescissions of unobligated or deobligated
balances that may be counted as offsets to newly enacted appropriations, nor do they include any
scorekeeping adjustments (e.g., the budgetary effects of provisions limiting the availability of the
balance in the Crime Victims Fund). In this report, percentage changes are calculated using
whole, not rounded, numbers, meaning that in some instances there may be small differences
between the actual percentage change and the percentage change that would be calculated by
using the rounded amounts discussed in the report.
Overview of CJS
The annual CJS appropriations act provides funding for the Department of Commerce, the
Department of Justice (DOJ), select science agencies, and several related agencies.
Appropriations for the Department of Commerce include funding for bureaus and offices such as
the Census Bureau, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Appropriations for DOJ
provide funding for agencies such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation; the Bureau of Prisons;
the U.S. Marshals; the Drug Enforcement Administration; and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco,
Firearms, and Explosives, along with funding for a variety of public safety-related grant programs
for state, local, and tribal governments. The vast majority of funding for the science agencies goes
to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation.1 The
annual appropriation for the related agencies includes funding for agencies such as the Legal
Services Corporation and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
Department of Commerce
The mission of the Department of Commerce is to “create the conditions for economic growth
and opportunity.”2 The department promotes “job creation and economic growth by ensuring fair
and reciprocal trade, providing the data necessary to support commerce and constitutional
democracy, and fostering innovation by setting standards and conducting foundational research
and development.”3 It has wide-ranging responsibilities including trade, economic development,
technology, entrepreneurship and business development, monitoring the environment, forecasting
weather, managing marine resources, and statistical research and analysis. The department
pursues and implements policies that affect trade and economic development by working to open
new markets for U.S. goods and services and promoting pro-growth business policies. It also
invests in research and development to foster innovation.

1 Note that the science agencies funded in the CJS bill are not the only federal science agencies.
2 U.S. Department of Commerce, “About Commerce: Mission,” https://www.commerce.gov/page/about-
commerce#mission, (hereinafter, Department of Commerce, “About Commerce: Mission”).
3 Department of Commerce, “About Commerce: Mission.”
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The agencies within the Department of Commerce, and their responsibilities, include the
following:
 International Trade Administration (ITA) seeks to strengthen the international
competitiveness of U.S. industry, promote trade and investment, and ensure fair
trade and compliance with trade laws and agreements;
 Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) works to ensure an effective export control
and treaty compliance system and promote continued U.S. leadership in strategic
technologies by maintaining and strengthening adaptable, efficient, and effective
export controls and treaty compliance systems, along with active leadership and
involvement in international export control regimes;
 Economic Development Administration (EDA) promotes innovation and
competitiveness, preparing American regions for growth and success in the
worldwide economy;
 Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) promotes the growth and
competitiveness of minority owned businesses through the mobilization and
advancement of public and private sector programs, policy, and research;
 Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) is a federal statistical agency that promotes a
better understanding of the U.S. economy by providing timely, relevant, and
accurate economic accounts data in an objective and cost-effective manner;
 Census Bureau is a federal statistical agency that collects data and disseminates
information about the U.S. economy, society, and institutions, which fosters
economic growth, advances scientific understanding, and facilitates informed
decisions;
 National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) advises the
President on communications and information policy;
 United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) fosters innovation,
competitiveness, and economic growth domestically and abroad by providing
high-quality and timely examination of patent and trademark applications,
guiding domestic and international intellectual property (IP) policy, and
delivering IP information and education worldwide;
 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) promotes U.S. innovation
and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards,
and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve quality of
life; and
 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) provides daily
weather forecasts, severe storm warnings, climate monitoring, fisheries
management, coastal restoration, and support of marine commerce.
Department of Justice
DOJ’s mission is to “enforce the law and defend the interests of the United States according to
the law; to ensure public safety against threats foreign and domestic; to provide federal leadership
in preventing and controlling crime; to seek just punishment for those guilty of unlawful
behavior; and to ensure fair and impartial administration of justice for all Americans.”4 DOJ also

4 U.S. Department of Justice, “About DOJ,” https://www.justice.gov/about.
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provides legal advice and opinions, upon request, to the President and executive branch
department heads.
The major DOJ offices and agencies and their functions are described below:
 Office of the United States Attorneys (USAO) prosecutes violations of federal
criminal laws, represents the federal government in civil actions, and initiates
proceedings for the collection of fines, penalties, and forfeitures owed to the
United States;
 United States Marshals Service (USMS) provides security for the federal
judiciary, protects witnesses, executes warrants and court orders, manages seized
assets, detains and transports alleged and convicted offenders, and apprehends
fugitives;
 Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) investigates violations of federal criminal
law; helps protect the United States against terrorism and hostile intelligence
efforts; provides assistance to other federal, state, and local law enforcement
agencies; and shares jurisdiction with the Drug Enforcement Administration for
the investigation of federal drug violations;
 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) investigates federal drug law
violations; coordinates its efforts with other federal, state, and local law
enforcement agencies; develops and maintains drug intelligence systems;
regulates the manufacture, distribution, and dispensing of legitimate controlled
substances; and conducts joint intelligence-gathering activities with foreign
governments;
 Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) enforces federal
law related to the manufacture, importation, and distribution of alcohol, tobacco,
firearms, and explosives;
 Federal Prison System (Bureau of Prisons; BOP) houses offenders sentenced to a
term of incarceration for a federal crime and provides for the operation and
maintenance of the federal prison system;
 Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) provides federal leadership in
developing the nation’s capacity to reduce violence against women and
administer justice for and strengthen services to victims of domestic violence,
dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking;
 Office of Justice Programs (OJP) manages and coordinates the activities of the
Bureau of Justice Assistance; Bureau of Justice Statistics; National Institute of
Justice; Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention; Office of Sex
Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking; and
Office of Victims of Crime; and
 Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) advances the practice of
community policing by the nation’s state, local, and tribal law enforcement
agencies through information and grant resources.
Science Offices and Agencies
The science offices and agencies support research and development and related activities across a
wide variety of federal missions, including national competitiveness, space exploration, and
fundamental discovery.
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Office of Science and Technology Policy
The primary function of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) is to provide the
President and others within the Executive Office of the President with advice on the scientific,
engineering, and technological aspects of issues that require the attention of the federal
government.5 The OSTP director also manages the National Science and Technology Council,6
which coordinates science and technology policy across the executive branch of the federal
government, and co-chairs the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology,7 a
council of external advisors that provides advice to the President on matters related to science and
technology policy.
The National Space Council
The National Space Council, in the Executive Office of the President, is a coordinating body for
U.S. space policy. Chaired by the Vice President, it consists of the Secretaries of State, Defense,
Commerce, Transportation, and Homeland Security; the Administrator of NASA; and other senior
officials. The council was first established in 1988 through P.L. 100-685.8 The council ceased
operations in 1993, and was reestablished by the Trump Administration in June 2017.9
National Science Foundation
The National Science Foundation (NSF) supports basic research and education in the nonmedical
sciences and engineering. The foundation was established as an independent federal agency “to
promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure
the national defense; and for other purposes.”10 The NSF is a primary source of federal support
for U.S. university research in the nonmedical sciences and engineering. It is also responsible for
significant shares of the federal science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
education program portfolio and federal STEM student aid and support.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was created to conduct civilian
space and aeronautics activities.11 It has five mission directorates. The Space Operations Mission
Directorate and the Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate are responsible for
human spaceflight activities, including the International Space Station and development efforts
for future crewed spacecraft. The Science Mission Directorate manages robotic science missions,
such as the Hubble Space Telescope, the Mars rover Curiosity, and satellites for Earth science
research. The Space Technology Mission Directorate develops new technologies for use in future
space missions, such as advanced propulsion and laser communications. The Aeronautics

5 National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-282).
6 Executive Order 12881, issued November 23, 1993, established the National Science and Technology Council.
7 Executive Order 13539, issued October 22, 2019, established the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and
Technology.
8 Title V of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989 (P.L. 100-685),
which was signed into law by President George H.W. Bush on November 17, 1988, established the National Space
Council in the Executive Office of the President, effective February 1, 1989. President Bush established the council, its
members, and its functions through Executive Order 12675, issued on April 20, 1989.
9 Executive Order 13803, issued June 30, 2017.
10 The National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (P.L. 81-507).
11 National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-568).
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Research Mission Directorate conducts research and development on aircraft and aviation
systems. In addition, NASA’s Office of STEM Engagement (formerly the Office of Education)
manages education programs for schoolchildren, college and university students, and the general
public.
Related Agencies
The annual CJS appropriations act includes funding for several related agencies:
 U.S. Commission on Civil Rights informs the development of national civil rights
policy and enhances enforcement of federal civil rights laws;
 Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is responsible for enforcing federal
laws that make it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant or an employee
because of the person’s race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy, gender
identity, and sexual orientation), national origin, age (40 or older), disability, or
genetic information;
 International Trade Commission investigates the effects of dumped and
subsidized imports on domestic industries and conducts global safeguard
investigations, adjudicates cases involving imports that allegedly infringe
intellectual property rights, and serves as a resource for trade data and other trade
policy-related information;
 Legal Services Corporation (LSC) is a federally funded nonprofit corporation
that provides financial support for civil legal aid to low-income Americans;
 Marine Mammal Commission works for the conservation of marine mammals by
providing science-based oversight of domestic and international policies and
actions of federal agencies with a mandate to address human effects on marine
mammals and their ecosystems;
 Office of the U.S. Trade Representative is responsible for developing and
coordinating U.S. international trade, commodity, and direct investment policy,
and overseeing negotiations with other countries; and
 State Justice Institute is a federally funded nonprofit corporation that awards
grants to improve the quality of justice in state courts and foster innovative,
efficient solutions to common issues faced by all courts.
FY2023 Budget Request
The Administration requested $88.810 billion for CJS for FY2023, which is $9.696 billion
(+12.3%) more than the FY2022 regular appropriation of $79.114 billion (see Table 1). There
was also $51.264 billion in supplemental appropriations for CJS for FY2022 (see Table 2). The
Administration’s budget request for CJS included the following:
 $11.693 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $1.790 billion
(+18.1%) more than the FY2022 regular appropriation;
 $39.268 billion for DOJ, which is $4.061 billion (+11.5%) more than the FY2022
regular appropriation;
 $36.476 billion for the science agencies, which is $3.588 billion (+10.9%) more
than the FY2022 regular appropriation; and
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 $1.374 billion for the related agencies, which is $258 million (+23.1%) more
than the FY2022 regular appropriation.
The Administration’s FY2023 budget proposed increasing funding for nearly every CJS account
relative to the FY2022 regular appropriation. Some notable proposed increases included the
following:
 a $1.933 billion (+8.0%) increase for NASA, which included a $687 million
(+10.1%) increase for NASA’s Exploration account, a $338 million (+30.7%)
increase for the Space Technology account, and a $188 million (+6.2%) increase
for the Safety, Security, and Mission Services account;
 a $1.654 billion (+18.7%) increase for NSF, which included a $1.267 billion
(+17.7%) increase for NSF’s Research and Related Activities account and a $371
million (+36.9%) increase for the Education and Human Resources account;
 a $986 million (+16.8%) increase for NOAA, which included a $660 million
(+39.5%) increase for NOAA’s Procurement, Acquisitions, and Construction
account and a $327 million (+7.9%) increase for the Operations, Research, and
Facilities account;
 a $595 million (+78.7%) increase for DOJ’s Executive Office for Immigration
Review;
 a $400 million (+111.1%) increase for DOJ’s Juvenile Justice Programs account;
 a $352 million (+14.6%) increase for the U.S. Attorneys;
 a $305 million (+13.8%) increase for DOJ’s State and Local Law Enforcement
Assistance account;
 a $238 million (+6.4%) increase for USMS, which included a $227 million
(+14.4%) increase for USMS’s Salaries and Expenses account;
 a $237 million (+19.3%) increase for NIST, which included a $198 million
(+113.4%) increase for NIST’s Industrial Technology Services account;
 a $211 million (+43.1%) increase for LSC;
 a $201 million (+13.2%) increase for ATF;
 a $139 million (+27.2%) increase for DOJ’s COPS account; and
 a $55 million (+100.0%) increase for MBDA.
There were a few instances where the Administration proposed reductions for some CJS accounts,
and the proposed reductions were largely for accounts that fund capital investment. For example,
the Administration’s request for NIST’s was $85 million (-41.5%) less than FY2022 enacted
funding. In the Administration’s request for DOJ, proposed funding for the FBI’s Construction
account was $570 million (-90.2%) less than the FY2022 appropriation, and requested funding
for BOP’s Buildings and Facilities account was $56 million (-23.7%) less than the FY2022
appropriation.
The Administration’s FY2023 budget request proposed consolidating funding for the Census
Bureau into one account. Currently, the Census Bureau is funded through two accounts: Current
Surveys and Programs and Periodic Censuses and Programs. According to the Administration, the
new account structure would have supported the bureau’s “multi-year process of transforming its
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organization and operations from a 20th century survey-centric model to a 21st century data-
centric model that blends survey data with administrative and alternative digital data sources.”12
The Administration’s budget request did not include a proposal to offset some of the
appropriation for OVW with a transfer from the Crime Victims Fund (CVF), something that has
been done over the past several fiscal years (see Table A-1). The Administration proposed to
increase funding for OVW from $575 million in FY2022 (which was all offset by a CVF transfer)
to $1.000 billion for FY2023.
The House Committee-Reported Bill
The House Committee on Appropriations reported its FY2023 CJS appropriations bill (H.R.
8256, 117th Congress) on June 28, 2022. The bill included $86.504 billion, which was $7.390
billion (+9.3%) more than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $2.306 billion (-2.6%) less than
the Administration’s request. The committee-reported CJS bill included the following:
 $11.551 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $1.648 billion
(+16.6%) more than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $142 million (-1.2%)
less than the Administration’s request;
 $38.503 billion for DOJ, which is $3.296 billion (+9.4%) more than the FY2022
regular appropriation and $765 million (-1.9%) less than the Administration’s
request;
 $35.087 billion for the science agencies, which is $2.199 billion (+6.7%) more
than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $1.388 billion (-3.8%) less than the
Administration’s request; and
 $1.364 billion for the related agencies, which is $247 million (+22.1%) more
than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $10 million (-0.8%) less than the
Administration’s request.
The committee-reported bill would have funded nearly every CJS account at a level equal to or
greater than the FY2022 regular appropriation. In the two cases where the committee
recommended FY2023 funding below the FY2022 regular appropriation (the FBI’s Construction
account and NSF’s Major Research Equipment and Facilities Construction account), the
committee adopted the Administration’s proposed funding level for FY2023. The committee-
reported bill would have also lowered the obligation cap on the Crime Victims Fund by $550
million (-21.2%) relative to the FY2022 enacted level.
The committee generally recommended funding for CJS accounts that was equal to or less than
the Administration’s request for FY2023. Some notable exceptions included the following:
 a $232 million (+9.2%) increase for DOJ’s State and Local Law Enforcement
Assistance account;
 a $171 million (+142.1%) increase for NIST’s Construction of Research
Facilities account;
 a $124 million (+2.8%) increase for NOAA’s Operations, Research, and
Facilities account;
 a $121 million (+67.3%) increase for BOP’s Buildings and Facilities account;

12 U.S. Department of Commerce, FY2023 Budget in Brief, p. 37.
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 a $120 million (+2.9%) increase for EDA’s Economic Development Assistance
Programs account; and
 a $16 million (+14.6%) increase for the International Trade Commission.
The committee declined to adopt the Administration’s proposal to change the account structure
for the Census Bureau. The committee also declined to offset a portion of the appropriation for
the Office on Violence Against Women with a transfer from the CVF.
The Senate Introduced Bill
On July 28, 2022, former Chairman Leahy released a chairman’s mark for the FY2023 CJS
appropriations bill. The chairman’s mark was introduced in the Senate as S. 4664 (117th
Congress) on the same day. The bill would have provided $87.511 billion for CJS agencies, an
amount that is $8.397 billion (+10.6%) more than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $1.299
billion (-1.5%) less than the Administration’s request. As introduced, S. 4664 included
 $11.414 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $1.511 billion
(+15.3%) more than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $279 million (-2.4%)
less than the Administration’s request;
 $38.552 billion for DOJ, which is $3.345 billion (+9.5%) more than the FY2022
regular appropriation and $715 million (-1.8%) less than the Administration’s
request;
 $36.321 billion for the science agencies, which is $3.434 billion (+10.4%) more
than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $154 million (-0.4%) less than the
Administration’s request; and
 $1.224 billion for the related agencies, which is $108 million (+9.6%) more than
the FY2022 regular appropriation and $150 million (-10.9%) less than the
Administration’s request.
The bill would have funded nearly every account in CJS at a level equal to or greater than the
FY2022 regular appropriation. Two exceptions were a proposed decrease in funding for BOP’s
Buildings and Facilities account (-$56 million, -23.7%) and NSF’s Major Research Equipment
and Facilities Construction account (-$62 million, -24.8%). The Senate bill would have also
lowered the obligation cap on the CVF relative to the FY2022 enacted cap (-$850
million, -32.7%).
The bill would have funded most CJS accounts at a level equal to or less than the
Administration’s request. Some exceptions included the following:
 a $600 million (a nearly tenfold increase) for the FBI’s Construction account;
 a $331 million (+275.3%) increase for NIST’s Construction of Research
Facilities account;
 a $106 million (+2.4%) increase for NOAA’s Operations, Research, and
Facilities account;
 a $122 million (+79.7%) increase for DOJ’s Justice Information Sharing
Technology account;
 a $94 million (+1.2%) increase for BOP’s Salaries and Expenses account;
 a $69 million (+0.9%) increase for NASA’s Exploration account;
 a $57 million (+0.7%) increase for NASA’s Science account;
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 a $42 million (+1.7%) increase for DEA;
 a $27 million (+0.6%) increase for NASA’s Space Operations account;
 a $20 million (+0.9%) increase for USMS’s Federal Prisoner Detention account;
 a $20 million (+0.6%) increase for NASA’s Safety, Security, and Mission
Services account;
 a $16 million (+14.6%) increase for the U.S. International Trade Commission;
and
 a $4 million (+2.9%) increase for DOJ’s Office of the Inspector General.
The bill did not include the Administration’s proposal to change the account structure for the
Census Bureau. The bill also did not offset a portion of the appropriation for the Office on
Violence Against Women with a transfer from the CVF.
FY2023 Enacted Funding
The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-328) provides $84.698 billion for CJS for
FY2023, which is $5.584 billion (+7.1%) more than the FY2022 regular appropriation of $79.114
billion and $4.112 billion (-4.6%) less than the Administration’s FY2023 request (see Table 1).
There is also $5.224 billion in supplemental appropriations for CJS for FY2023 (see Table 3).
FY2023 regular funding for CJS includes the following:
 $11.057 billion for the Department of Commerce, which is $1.154 billion
(+11.7%) more than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $636 million (-5.4%)
less than the Administration’s request;
 $38.536 billion for DOJ, which is $3.329 billion (+9.5%) more than the FY2022
regular appropriation and $732 million (-1.9%) less than the Administration’s
request;
 $33.865 billion for the science agencies, which is $978 million (+3.0%) more
than the FY2022 regular appropriation and $2.610 billion (-7.2%) less than the
Administration’s request; and
 $1.240 billion for the related agencies, which is $123 million (+11.1%) more than
the FY2022 regular appropriation and $134 million (-9.8%) less than the
Administration’s request.
The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 funds nearly all of CJS’s accounts at a level equal to
or greater than the FY2022 regular appropriation. The exceptions include the following:
 a $363 million (-88.5%) decrease for NASA’s Construction and Environmental
Compliance and Restoration account;
 a $138 million (-1.9%) decrease for NSF’s Research and Related Activities
account;
 a $127 million (-54.0%) decrease for BOP’s Buildings and Facilities account;
 a $62 million (-24.8%) decrease for NSF’s Major Research Equipment and
Facilities Construction account; and
 a $19 million (-1.1%) decrease for NOAA’s Procurement, Acquisition, and
Construction account.
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In addition to these reductions, the act does not provide any funding for the Commission on the
State of the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committee (funded at $2 million for FY2022), and it
sets a lower obligation cap on the CVF for FY2023 ($1.900 billion for FY2023 compared to
$2.600 billion for FY2022).
In many instances, FY2023 regular funding for CJS accounts is below the level requested by the
Administration. However, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 does provide higher levels
of funding for some CJS accounts relative to the Administration’s request:
 $590 million more for the FBI’s Construction account, which is nearly 10 times
higher than the Administration’s request;
 $387 million (+4.8%) more than the Administration’s request for BOP’s Salaries
and Expenses account;
 $342 million (+284.3%) more than the Administration’s request for NIST’s
Construction of Research Facilities account;
 $17 million (+0.4%) more than the Administration’s request for NOAA’s
Operations, Research, and Facilities account;
 $16 million (+14.6%) more than the Administration’s request for the
International Trade Commission;
 $11 million (+1.8%) more than the Administration’s request for DOJ’s COPS
account;
 $3 million (+2.3%) more than the Administration’s request for DOJ’s Office of
the Inspector General account; and
 $1 million (+3.6%) more than the Administration’s request for the Commission
on Civil Rights.
The act does not include the Administration’s proposal to change the account structure for the
Census Bureau. The act does not offset a portion of the appropriation for the Office on Violence
Against Women with a transfer from the CVF. In addition, the act sets the obligation cap on the
CVF ($1.900 billion) lower than the FY2022 enacted level ($2.600 billion), but higher than the
Administration’s request ($1.750 billion).
Table 1. Funding for Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS):
FY2022 Enacted Funding, the Administration’s FY2023 Request, the House
Committee-Reported and Senate Introduced Bill Amounts, and
FY2023 Enacted Funding
(appropriations in millions of dollars)
FY2023
FY2023
FY2023
House
Senate
Departments and
FY2022
Administration’s
Committee-
Introduced
FY2023
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported
Bill
Enactedb
Department of Commerce
International Trade
$570.0
$642.8
$629.9
$625.0
$625.0
Administration
Offsetting Fee Col ections
-11.0
-12.0
-12.0
-12.0
-12.0
(International Trade
Administration)
Bureau of Industry and Security
141.0
199.5
191.4
199.6
191.0
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FY2023
FY2023
FY2023
House
Senate
Departments and
FY2022
Administration’s
Committee-
Introduced
FY2023
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported
Bill
Enactedb
Economic Development
373.5
502.5
510.0
450.0
498.0
Administration
Economic Development
(330.0)
(70.0)
(65.0)
(70.0)
(68.0)
Assistance Programs
Salaries and Expenses
(43.5)
(432.5)
(445.0)
(380.0)
(430.0)
Minority Business Development
55.0
110.0
70.0
70.0
70.0
Agency
Economic and Statistical Analysis
116.0
140.9
132.3
128.0
130.0
Census Bureau
1,354.0
1,505.5
1,505.4
1,485.0
1,485.0
Current Surveys and
(300.0)
—
(336.2)
(330.0)
(330.0)
Programs
Periodic Censuses and
(1,054.0)
—
(1,169.3)
(1,155.0)
(1,155.0)
Programs
Censuses and Survey
—
(1,505.5)
—
—
—
Programs
National Telecommunications
50.0
67.6c
62.0
65.0
62.0
and Information Administration
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
4,058.4
4,253.4
4,253.4
4,253.4
4,253.4
(USPTO)d
Offsetting Fee Receipts (USPTO)
-4,058.4
-4,253.4
-4,253.4
-4,253.4
-4,253.4
National Institute of Standards
1,230.1
1,467.5
1,474.2
1,696.3
1,627.3
and Technology
Scientific and Technical
(850.0)
(974.9)
(953.0)
(974.9)
(953.0)
Research and Services
Industrial Technology
(174.5)
(372.3)
(230.0)
(270.0)
(212.0)
Services
Manufacturing Extension
(158.0)
(275.3)
(212.0)
(200.0)
(175.0)
Partnership
Manufacturing USA
(16.5)
(97.1)
(18.0)
(70.0)
(37.0)
Programe
Construction of Research
(205.6)
(120.3)
(291.2)
(451.4)
462.3
Facilities, new appropriation
National Oceanic and
5,877.3
6,863.5
6,785.9
6,510.8
6,201.3
Atmospheric Administration
Operations, Research, and
(4,157.3)
(4,484.2)c
(4,608.2)
(4,589.9)
(4,501.0)
Facilitiesf
Procurement, Acquisition,
(1,672.7)
(2,332.7)
(2,131.0)
(1,874.3)
(1,653.6)
and Construction
Pacific Coastal Salmon
(65.0)
(65.0)c
(65.0)
(65.0)
(65.0)
Recovery Fund
Fishermen’s Contingency
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
Fund
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FY2023
FY2023
FY2023
House
Senate
Departments and
FY2022
Administration’s
Committee-
Introduced
FY2023
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported
Bill
Enactedb
Fisheries Finance Program
(-18.0)
(-19.0)
(-19.0)
(-19.0)
(-19.0)
Account
Fisheries Disaster Assistance
—
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
(0.3)
Fund
Departmental Management
146.9
204.9
201.4
195.9
179.1
Subtotal: Department of
9,902.8
11,692.8
11,550.5
11,413.7
11,056.7
Commerce
Department of Justice
General Administration
1,039.8
1,836.3
1,388.2
1,505.9
1,278.0
General Administration
(127.8)
(196.5)
(148.0)
(145.0)
(145.0)
Salaries and Expenses
Justice Information Sharing
(38.0)
(153.1)
(143.9)
(275.0)
(138.0)
Technology
Executive Office of
(756.0)
(1,350.9)
(960.4)
(946.0)
(856.0)
Immigration Review
Office of the Inspector
(118.0)
(135.9)
(135.9)
(139.9)
(139.0)
General
U.S. Parole Commission
14.2
14.6
14.6
14.6
14.6
Legal Activities
3,633.6
4,344.7
4,239.8
4,041.1
4,140.8
General Legal Activities
(1,000.0)
(1,164.3)
(1,164.0)
(1,100.0)
(1,138.0)
U.S. Attorneys
(2,419.9)
(2,772.4)
(2,700.0)
(2,565.0)
(2,632.0)
Antitrust Division
(192.8)
(273.0)
(230.0)
(225.0)
(225.0)
Offsetting Fee Col ections
(-138.0)
(-190.0)
(-190.0)
(-190.0)
(190.0)
(Antitrust Division)
U.S. Trustee Program
(239.0)
(260.3)
(255.0)
(260.3)
(255.0)
Offsetting Fee Col ections
(-413.0)
(-285.0)
(-269.0)
(-269.0)
(-269.0)
(U.S. Trustee Program)
Foreign Claims Settlement
(2.4)
(2.5)
(2.5)
(2.5)
(2.5)
Commission
Fees and Expenses of
(270.0)
(270.0)
(270.0)
(270.0)
(270.0)
Witnesses
Community Relations
(21.0)
(25.0)
(25.0)
(25.0)
(25.0)
Service
Assets Forfeiture Fundg
(20.5)
(20.5)
(20.5)
(20.5)
(20.5)
Vaccine Injury
(19.0)
(31.7)
(31.7)
(31.7)
(31.7)
Compensation Trust Fund
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FY2023
FY2023
FY2023
House
Senate
Departments and
FY2022
Administration’s
Committee-
Introduced
FY2023
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported
Bill
Enactedb
United States Marshals Service
3,718.0
3,956.2
3,874.0
3,899.3
3,852.8
Salaries and Expenses
(1,580.0)
(1,807.1)
(1,725.0)
(1,730.0)
(1,705.0)
Construction
(15.0)
(19.3)
(19.3)
(19.3)
(18.0)
Federal Prisoner Detention
(2,123.0)
(2,129.8)
(2,129.8)
(2,150.0)
(2,129.8)
National Security Division
120.7
133.5
133.5
128.0
133.5
Interagency Law Enforcement
550.5
550.5
550.5
550.5
550.5
Federal Bureau of Investigation
10,768.3
10,803.6
10,737.9
11,403.9
11,327.9
Salaries and Expenses
(10,136.3)
(10,741.7)
(10,676.0)
(10,741.9)
(10,676.0)
Construction
(632.0)
(61.9)
(61.9)
(662.0)
(651.9)
Drug Enforcement
2,421.5
2,523.1
2,523.1
2,565.1
2,563.1
Administration
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco,
1,531.1
1,732.5
1,732.5
1,725.0
1,747.0
Firearms and Explosives
Salaries and Expenses
(1,531.1)
(1,732.5)
(1,732.5)
(1,650.0)
(1,672.0)
Construction
—
—
—
(75.0)
(75.0)
Federal Prison System
8,102.7
8,188.0
8,718.3
8,282.0
8,503.3
Salaries and Expenses
(7,865.0)
(8,006.0)
(8,415.6)
(8,100.0)
(8,392.6)
Building and Facilities
(235.0)
(179.3)
(300.0)
(179.3)
(108.0)
Limitation on Administrative
(2.7)
(2.7)
(2.7)
(2.7)
(2.7)
Expenses, Federal Prison
Industries
Office on Violence Against
575.0
1,000.0
642.0
732.0
700.0
Women
Transfer from the Crime Victims
-575.0
—
—
—
—
Fund to the Office on Violence
Against Women
Office of Justice Programs
2,795.0
3,533.8
3,407.5
3,121.3
3,061.6
Research, Evaluation, and
(70.0)
(88.0)
(80.0)
(88.0)
(77.0)
Statistics
State and Local Law
(2,213.0)
(2,518.0)
(2,749.7)
(2,394.5)
(2,416.8)
Enforcement Assistance
Juvenile Justice Programs
(360.0)
(760.0)
(410.0)
(471.0)
(400.0)
Public Safety Officers
(152.0)
(167.8)
(167.8)
(167.8)
(167.8)
Benefits
Community Oriented Policing
511.7
651.0
540.9
583.7
662.9
Services
Obligation Cap on the Crime
2,600.0
1,750.0
2,050.0
1,750.0
1,900.0
Victims Fund
Offsetting Receipts
-2,600.0
-1,750.0
-2,050.0
-1,750.0
-1,900.0
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FY2023
FY2023
FY2023
House
Senate
Departments and
FY2022
Administration’s
Committee-
Introduced
FY2023
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported
Bill
Enactedb
Subtotal: Department of
35,207.1
39,267.7
38,502.8
38,552.2
38,535.9
Justice
Science Agencies
Office of Science and Technology
6.7
8.0
8.0
7.7
8.0
Policy
National Space Council
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
National Aeronautics and Space
24,041.3
25,973.8
25,446.2
25,973.8
25,016.7
Administration
Science
(7,614.4)
(7,988.3)
(7,905.0)
(8,045.7)
(7,795.0)
Aeronautics
(880.7)
(971.5)
(950.0)
(971.5)
(935.0)
Space Technology
(1,100.0)
(1,437.9)
(1,250.0)
(1,263.9)
(1,200.0)
Exploration
(6,791.7)
(7,478.3)
(7,323.7)
(7,547.8)
(7,468.9)
Space Operations
(4,041.3)
(4,266.3)
(4,256.0)
(4,293.5)
(4,250.0)
Science, Technology,
(137.0)
(150.1)
(150.1)
(150.1)
(143.5)
Engineering, and
Mathematics (STEM)
Engagement
Safety, Security, and Mission
(3,020.6)
(3,208.7)
(3,138.7)
(3,228.7)
(3,129.5)
Services
Construction and
(410.3)
(424.3)
(424.3)
(424.3)
(47.3)
Environmental Compliance
and Restoration
Inspector General
(45.3)
(48.4)
(48.4)
(48.4)
(47.6)
National Science Foundation
8,838.0
10,492.1
9,631.2
10,338.0
8,838.8
Research and Related
(7,159.4)
(8,426.0)
(7,750.5)
(8,321.9)
(7,021.1)
Activities
Education and Human
(1,006.0)
(1,377.2)
(1,250.0)
(1,327.2)
(1,154.0)
Resources
Major Research Equipment
(249.0)
(187.2)
(187.2)
(187.2)
(187.2)
and Facilities Construction
Agency Operations and
(400.0)
(473.2)
(460.0)
(473.2)
(448.0)
Award Management
National Science Board
(4.6)
(5.1)
(5.1)
(5.1)
(5.1)
Office of the Inspector
(19.0)
(23.4)
(23.4)
(23.4)
(23.4)
General
Subtotal: Science Agencies
32,887.9
36,475.8
35,087.4
36,321.5
33,865.5
Related Agencies
U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
13.0
13.9
14.4
13.9
14.4
Equal Employment Opportunity
420.0
464.7
464.7
460.0
455.0
Commission
International Trade Commission
110.0
106.8
122.4
122.4
122.4
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FY2023
FY2023
FY2023
House
Senate
Departments and
FY2022
Administration’s
Committee-
Introduced
FY2023
Related Agencies
Enacteda
Request
Reported
Bill
Enactedb
Legal Services Corporation
489.0
700.0
675.0
539.0
560.0
Marine Mammal Commission
4.2
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
Office of the U.S. Trade
56.0
61.5
60.0
61.5
61.0
Representative, Salaries and
Expenses
Trade Enforcement Trust Fund
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
State Justice Institute
7.2
7.6
7.6
7.6
7.6
Commission on the State of the
2.0
—
—
—
—
U.S. Olympic and Paralympic
Committeeh
Subtotal: Related Agencies
1,116.4
1,374.0
1,363.5
1,223.9
1,239.9
CJS Total
79,114.2
88,810.4
86,504.2
87,511.4
84,698.0
Rescission of Unobligated
-516.8
-1,201.5
-305.0
-725.0
-1,370.8
Balances
Sources: The FY2022 enacted amounts were taken from the text of P.L. 117-103 and the text of the joint
explanatory statement, printed in the March 9, 2022 Congressional Record (pp. H1772-H1865). The
Administration’s requested and House Committee-reported amounts were taken from the report (H.Rept. 117-
395) to accompany the FY2023 committee-reported CJS bil (H.R. 8256, 117th Congress). Amounts for the
Senate introduced bil were taken from the explanatory statement released by former Chairman Leahy
(https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/CJSFY23RPT.PDF). The FY2023 enacted amounts were
taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 117-328, printed in the December 20, 2022,
Congressional Record (pp. S7898-S8029).
Notes: The accounts presented in Table 1 are consistent with those used by the Congressional Budget Office
(CBO) to score the CJS appropriations bil . Amounts in parentheses are subaccounts and not offsets.
a. FY2022 enacted amounts do not include emergency supplemental funding. For information on FY2022
supplemental funding for CJS, see Table 2.
b. FY2023 enacted amounts do not include emergency supplemental funding. For information on FY2023
supplemental funding for CJS, see Table 3.
c. This amount does not include funding provided through the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (P.L.
117-58) that became available in FY2023.
d. Funding for the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is ful y derived from user fees.
e. The Manufacturing USA Program was formerly known as the National Network for Manufacturing
Innovation.
f.
The amount for the Operations, Research, and Facilities account includes a transfer from the Promote and
Develop Fishery Products and Research Pertaining to American Fisheries Fund.
g. As a part of the annual CJS appropriations act, Congress traditionally sets a limit on the amount of expenses
that can be paid for the purposes authorized under subparagraphs (B), (F), and (G) of Section 524(c)(1) of
Title 28 of the United States Code.
h. The Commission on the State of the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committee is a congressional
commission established by the Empowering Olympic, Paralympic, and Amateur Athletes Act of 2020 (P.L.
116-189) that is required to conduct a study reviewing recent U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committee
reforms and must submit its findings and recommendations to Congress.
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FY2022 Supplemental Funding for CJS
As shown in Table 2, there were several supplemental appropriations acts that provided
additional funding for CJS agencies for FY2022.
 The Disaster Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022 (Division B, P.L.
117-43) provided $753 million in disaster related supplemental appropriations
funding for CJS agencies to help them cover costs related to hurricanes,
wildfires, or other natural disasters. Supplemental funding for NIST was for
“expenses to carry out investigations of building failures pursuant to the National
Construction Safety Team Act of 2002 [P.L. 107-231].”
 The Afghanistan Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022 (Division C, P.L. 117-
43) provided $50 million to the FBI for “investigative activities associated with
Afghan resettlement operations.”
 CJS agencies also received $159 million for efforts to respond to the war in
Ukraine ($82 million in Division N of P.L. 117-103 and $67 million in P.L. 117-
128).
 Division J of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA, P.L. 117-58)
provided $46.772 billion in infrastructure-related funding for NTIA and NOAA
for FY2022.
 Division B of the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (BSCA, P.L. 117-159)
provided $400 million for DOJ, of which $100 million was to help the FBI
increase the capacity of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System
(NICS)13 to handle additional background checks for firearms transfers and $300
million was for DOJ grant programs related to gun violence prevention and
school safety.
 The Supreme Court Security Funding Act, 2022 (Division C of P.L. 117-167)
provided $10 million to the U.S. Marshals Service to address threats to the
Supreme Court.
 P.L. 117-169, commonly referred to as the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022,
provided $3.310 billion for NOAA for conservation, restoration, and protection;
construction; reviews; research and forecasting; computing capacity; aircraft
acquisition; and other purposes.

13 For more information on NICS, see CRS Report R45970, Gun Control: National Instant Criminal Background
Check System (NICS) Operations and Related Legislation.
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Table 2. FY2022 CJS Supplemental Funding
(appropriations in millions of dollars)
Division B,
Division C,
Division J,
Division N,
Division B,
Division C,

P.L. 117-43
P.L. 117-43
P.L. 117-58
P.L. 117-103
P.L. 117-128
P.L. 117-159
P.L. 117-167
P.L. 117-169
Department of Commerce
Bureau of Industry and Security
—
—
—
$22.1
—
—
—
—
National Institute of Standards and Technology
$22.0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Scientific and Technical Research and Services
($22.0)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
National Telecommunications and Information
—
—
$46,000,0
—
—
—
—
—
Administration
Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment
—
—
(42,450.0)
—
—
—
—
—
Program
Broadband Connectivity Fund
—
—
(2,000.0)
—
—
—
—
—
Digital Equity
—
—
(550.0)
—
—
—
—
—
Middle Mile Deployment
—
—
(1,000.0)
—
—
—
—
—
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
345.0
—
771.7
—
—
—
—
$3,310.0
Operations, Research, and Facilities
(92.8)
—
(557.3)
—
—
—
—
—
Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction
(52.2)
—
(180.0)
—
—
—
—
—
Fisheries Disaster Assistance
(200.0)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Pacific Coastal Salmon Recovery
—
—
(34.4)
—
—
—
—
—
Othera
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(3,310.0)
Department of Justice
General Administration
—
—
—
—
$67.0
—
—
—
Salaries and Expenses
—
—
—
—
(67.0)
—
—
—
Legal Activities
—
—
—
14.7
—
—
—
—
General Legal Activities
—
—
—
(9.7)
—
—
—
—
CRS-17

link to page 20
Division B,
Division C,
Division J,
Division N,
Division B,
Division C,

P.L. 117-43
P.L. 117-43
P.L. 117-58
P.L. 117-103
P.L. 117-128
P.L. 117-159
P.L. 117-167
P.L. 117-169
U.S. Attorneys
—
—
—
(5.0)
—
—
—
—
U.S. Marshals Service
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.3
—
Salaries and Expenses
—
—
—
—
—
—
(10.3)
—
National Security Division
—
—
—
1.1
—
—
—
—
Federal Bureau of Investigation
—
$50.0
—
43.6
—
$100.0
—
—
Salaries and Expenses
—
(50.0)
—
(43.6)
—
(100.0)
—
—
State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance
—
—
—
—
—
280.0
—
—
Community Oriented Policing Services
—
—
—
—
—
20.0
—
—
Science Agencies
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
321.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Construction and Environmental Compliance and
(321.4)
—
—
—
—
—
—
Restoration
—
National Science Foundation
25.0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Major Research Equipment and Facilities
(25.0)
—
—
—
—
—
—
Construction
—
Related Agencies
Legal Services Corporation
40.0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Total
753.4
50.0
46,771.7
81.5
67.0
400.0
10.3
3,130.0
Source: Text of P.L. 117-43, P.L. 117-58, P.L. 117-103, P.L. 117-128, P.L. 117-159, P.L. 117-167, and P.L. 117-169.
Notes: The accounts presented in Table 2 are consistent with those used by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to score the CJS appropriations bil . Amounts in
parentheses are subaccounts and not offsets.
a. P.L. 117-169, commonly referred to as the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, provided funding for conservation, restoration, and protection; construction; reviews;
research and forecasting; computing capacity; aircraft acquisition; and other purposes at NOAA. The act did not specify the NOAA accounts for the supplemental
funding.

CRS-18

Overview of FY2023 CJS Appropriations

FY2023 Supplemental Funding for CJS
Both the IIJA ($1.100 billion) and the BSCA ($300 million) provided supplemental
appropriations for the Department of Commerce and the Department of Justice for FY2023. The
Disaster Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 (Division N of P.L. 117-328) provided a
total of $3.809 billion in supplemental funding for CJS agencies. In addition, Section 121 of the
Continuing Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-180) provided supplemental funding for the FBI
for investigative activities associated with Afghan resettlement operations.
Table 3. FY2023 CJS Supplemental Funding
(appropriations in millions of dollars)
Division J,
Division B,
Division A,
Division N,

P.L. 117-58
P.L. 117-159
P.L. 117-180
P.L. 117-328
Department of Commerce
Economic Development Administration
—
—
—
$1,118.0
Economic Development Assistance Programs
—
—
—
(1,118.0)
National Telecommunications and Information Administration
$550.0
—
—
—
Digital Equity
(550.0)
—
—
—
National Institute of Standards and Technology
—
—
—
67.0
Scientific and Technical Research and Services
—
—
—
(40.0)
Industrial Technology Services
—
—
—
(27.0)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
550.0
—
—
827.5
Operations, Research, and Facilities
(515.6)
—
—
(91.0)
Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction
—
—
—
(436.5)
Pacific Coastal Salmon Recovery
(34.4)
—
—
—
Fisheries Disaster Assistance Fund
—
—
—
(300.0)
Department of Justice
Federal Bureau of Investigation
—
—
15.3
—
Salaries and Expenses
—
—
(15.3)
—
Federal Prison System
—
—
—
182.0
Buildings and Facilities
—
—
—
(182.0)
State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance
—
280.0
—
—
Community Oriented Policing Services
—
20.0
—
—
Science Agencies
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
—
—
—
556.4
Construction and Environmental Compliance and
—
—
—
(556.4)
Restoration
National Science Foundation
—
—
—
1,037.6
Research and Related Activities
—
—
—
(820.7)
STEM Education
—
—
—
(217.0)
Congressional Research Service

19

link to page 22 link to page 23 link to page 23 Overview of FY2023 CJS Appropriations

Division J,
Division B,
Division A,
Division N,

P.L. 117-58
P.L. 117-159
P.L. 117-180
P.L. 117-328
Related Agencies
Legal Services Corporation
—
—
—
20.0
Total
1,100.0
300.0
15.3
3,808.6
Source: Text of P.L. 117-58, P.L. 117-159, P.L. 117-180, and P.L. 117-328.
Notes: The accounts presented in Table 3 are consistent with those used by the Congressional Budget Office
(CBO) to score the CJS appropriations bil . Amounts in parentheses are subaccounts and not offsets.
Advanced Appropriations
As shown in Table 4, IIJA provided advanced appropriations for FY2024 to FY2026 for one
NTIA program and two NOAA accounts.14 The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act also provided
advanced appropriations for FY2023 to FY2026 for DOJ grant programs under the State and
Local Law Enforcement Assistance and Community Oriented Policing Services accounts.
Table 4. Advanced Appropriations for CJS
(appropriations in millions of dollars)

FY2024
FY2025
FY2026
Commerce
National Telecommunications and Information
Administration
$550.0
$550.0
$550.0
Digital Equity
(550.0)
(550.0)
(550.0)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
550.0
550.0
541.4
Operations, Research, and Facilities
(515.6)
(515.6)
(507.0)
Pacific Coastal Salmon Recovery
(34.4)
(34.4)
(34.4)
Justice
State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance
280.0
280.0
280.0
Community Oriented Policing Services
20.0
20.0
20.0
Total
1,400.0
1,400.0
1,391.4
Source: Text of P.L. 117-58 and P.L. 117-159.
Notes: The accounts presented in Table 4 are consistent with those used by the Congressional Budget Office
(CBO) to score the CJS appropriations bil . Amounts in parentheses are subaccounts and not offsets.

14 For more information on advanced appropriations, see CRS Report R43482, Advance Appropriations, Forward
Funding, and Advance Funding: Concepts, Practice, and Budget Process Considerations.
Congressional Research Service

20

link to page 27
Appendix. Historical Funding for CJS
Table A-1. Nominal Funding for CJS Agencies, by Account: FY2013-FY2022
(appropriations in millions of dollars)
Bureau or Agency
FY2013a
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
FY2021
FY2022
Department of Commerce
International Trade
$438.5
$460.6
$462.0
$483.0
$483.0
$482.0
$484.0
$510.3
$530.0
$559.0
Administration
Bureau of Industry and
93.6
101.5
102.5
112.5
112.5
113.5
118.1
127.7
133.0
163.1
Security
Economic Development
218.3
246.5
250.0
261.0
276.0
901.5
904.0
1,833.0
3,346.0
373.5
Administration
Minority Business
27.5
28.0
30.0
32.0
34.0
39.0
40.0
52.0
73.0
55.0
Development Agency
Economic and Statistical
93.3
99.0
100.0
109.0
107.3
99.0
101.0
108.0
111.9
116.0
Analysis
Census Bureau
840.6
945.0
1,088.0
1,370.0
1,470.0
2,814.0
3,821.4
7,558.3
1,106.6
1,354.0
National
42.7
46.0
38.2
39.5
32.0
39.5
39.5
40.4
45.5
46,050.0
Telecommunications and
Information Administration
U.S. Patent and Trademark
2,783.7
3,024.0
3,458.0
3,272.0
3,230.0
3,500.0
3,370.0
3,450.7
3,695.3
4,058.4
Office (USPTO)
Offsetting Fee Receipts
-2,933.2
-3,024.0
-3,458.0
-3,272.0
-3,230.0
-3,500.0
-3,370.0
-3.450.7
-3,695.3
-4,058.4
(USPTO)
National Institute of
769.3
850.0
863.9
964.0
952.0
1,198.5
985.5
1,100.0
1,034.5
1,252.1
Standards and Technology
National Oceanic and
5,050.7
5,314.6
5,441.0
5,765.6
5,675.4
6,309.5
5,720.3
5,688.2
5,730.6
10,304.0
Atmospheric Administration
Departmental Management
84.6
89.5
91.1
109.1
94.7
140.9
95.7
115.0
128.1
146.9
Commerce Subtotal
7,509.6
8,180.6
8,466.7
9,245.6
9,237.0
12,137.4
12,309.5
17,132.8
12,239.2
60,373.6
CRS-21

link to page 27 link to page 27 link to page 28 link to page 28 link to page 28 link to page 28 link to page 28 link to page 28 link to page 28 link to page 28 link to page 28
Bureau or Agency
FY2013a
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
FY2021
FY2022
Department of Justice
General Administration
503.5
533.2
435.6
659.0
676.7
746.8
870.4
926.6
998.6
1,106.8
General Administration
(135.7)
(135.8)
(137.3)
(142.5)
(145.1)
(149.0)
(145.0)
(152.6)
(158.0)b
(232.8)
Administrative Review
(287.9)
(311.0)
(347.1)
(422.8)
—
—
—
—
—
—
& Appeals
Executive Office for
—
—
—
—
(436.0)
(500.5)
(624.4)
(669.0)
(730.0)
(756.0)
Immigration Review
Office of the Inspector
(80.0)
(86.4)
(88.6)
(93.7)
(95.6)
(97.3)
(101.0)
(105.0)
(110.6)
(118.0)
General
U.S. Parole Commission
11.9
12.6
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.3
13.0
13.3
13.5
14.2
Legal Activities
2,989.5
3,180.8
3,220.2
3,314.6
3,353.8
3,386.6
3,329.4
3,443.4
3,578.9
3,648.3
General legal activities
(819.3)
(867.0)
(885.0)
(893.0)
(897.5)
(897.5)
(904.0)
(920.0)
(960.0)
(1,009.7)
U.S. Attorneys
(1,830.3)
(1,944.0)
(1,960.0)
(2,000.0)
(2,035.0)
(2,136.8)
(2,212.0)
(2,257.5)
(2,342.2)
(2,424.9)
Otherc
(340.0)
(369.8)
(375.2)
(421.6)
(421.3)
(352.3)
(213.4)
(265.8)
(276.8)
(213.7)
U.S. Marshals Service
2,655.6
2,727.8
1,700.1d
2,700.0
2,713.5
2,903.4
3,081.7
3,327.5
3,682.6
3,728.3
National Security Division
83.8
91.8
93.0
95.0
96.0
101.0
101.4
110.0
117.5
121.8
Interagency Law
484.4
514.0
507.2
512.0
517.0
542.9
560.0
550.5
550.5
550.5
Enforcement
Federal Bureau of
7,558.8
8,343.3
8,436.6
8,798.8
9,006.4
9,421.4
9,577.1
9,972.9
10,493.8
10,961.9
Investigation
Drug Enforcement
1,907.3
2,018.0
2,033.3
2,080.0
2,103.0
2,201.8
2,267.0
2,294.2
2,386.3
2,421.5
Administration
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco,
1,071.6
1,179.0
1,201.0
1,240.0
1,258.6
1,293.8
1,316.7
1,400.0
1,483.9
1,531.1
Firearms & Explosives
Federal Prison System
6,447.2
6,861.7
6,923.7
7,481.2
7,141.5
7,328.3
7,545.1
7,880.7
8,138.1
8,102.7
Office of Violence Against
387.9
417.0
430.0
101.0e
155.5f
—g
—h
67.5i
78.5i
—j
Women (OVW)
CRS-22

link to page 27
Bureau or Agency
FY2013a
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
FY2021
FY2022
Office of Justice Programs
1,518.5
1,643.3
1,690.8
1,883.0
1,705.8
2,169.3
2,218.8
3,282.8
2,485.8
3,075.0
(OJP)
Research, Evaluation,
(119.1)
(120.0)
(111.0)
(116.0)
(89.0)
(90.0)
(80.0)
(79.0)
(82.0)
(70.0)
and Statistics
State and Local Law
(1,060.5)
(1,171.5)
(1,241.0)
(1,408.5)
(1,280.5)
(1,680.0)
(1,723.0)
(2,742.0)
(1,914.0)
(2,493.0)
Enforcement Assistance
Juvenile Justice
(261.0)
(254.5)
(251.5)
(270.2)
(247.0)
(282.5)
(287.0)
(320.0)
(346.0)
(360.0)
Programs
Public Safety Officers
(77.9)
(97.3)
(87.3)
(88.3)
(89.3)
(116.8)
(128.8)
(141.8)
(143.8)
(152.0)
Benefits
Community Oriented
209.7
214.0
208.0
212.0
221.5
275.5
303.5
343.0
386.0
531.7
Policing Services (COPS)
DOJ Subtotal
25,829.7
27,736.6
27,030.2
29,089.8
28,962.5
30,384.0
31,184.1
33,612.2
34,393.9
35,793.8
Science Agencies
Office of Science and
5.5
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.6
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
6.6
Technology Policy
National Space Council
—
—
—
—
—
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
National Aeronautics and
16,879.5
17,646.5
18,010.2
19,285.0
19,762.3
20,817.4
21,500.0
22,689.0
23,271.3
24,362.7
Space Administration
National Science Foundation
6,884.1
7,171.9
7,344.2
7,463.5
7,472.2
7,783.7
8,075.0
8,354.3
8,486.8
8,863.0
Science Agencies
23,769.2
24,824.0
25,360.0
26,754.0
27,240.1
28,608.6
29,582.5
31,050.8
31,765.5
33,234.3
Subtotal
Related Agencies
U.S. Commission on Civil
8.7
9.0
9.2
9.2
9.2
9.7
10.1
10.5
12.5
13.0
Rights
Equal Employment
344.2
364.0
364.5
364.5
364.5
379.5
379.5
389.5
404.5
420.0
Opportunity Commission
International Trade
78.9
83.0
84.5
88.5
91.5
93.7
95.0
99.4
103.0
110.0
Commission
CRS-23

link to page 27
Bureau or Agency
FY2013a
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
FY2021
FY2022
Legal Services Corporation
340.9
365.0
375.0
385.0
385.0
425.0
430.0
490.0
465.0
529.0
Marine Mammal
2.9
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.8
4.2
Commission
U.S. Trade Representative
47.6
52.6
54.3
54.5
47.0
57.6
53.0
104.0
55.0
56.0
Trade Enforcement Trust
—
—
—
—
15.0
15.0
15.0
55.0
15.0
15.0
Fund
State Justice Institute
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.1
5.1
5.1
6.0
6.6
7.0
7.2
Commission on the State of
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
2.0
the U.S. Olympics and
Paralympics
Related Agencies
827.9
881.8
895.9
910.3
920.8
989.1
992.1
1,158.6
1,065.8
1,156.4
Subtotal
Total Appropriation
57,936.4
61,622.9
61,752.7
65,999.7
66,360.3
72,119.0
74,068.1
82,954.5
79,464.4
130,558.1
Rescission of
-881.6
-219.3
-679.6
-878.7
-1,142.3
-661.1
-1,060.8
-364.0
-425.0
-516.8
Unobligated Balances
Sources: FY2013 post-sequestration amounts were provided by the Department of Commerce, the Department of Justice, the Office of Science and Technology Policy,
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, and each of the respective related agencies, and P.L. 113-2; FY2014 enacted
amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 113-76, printed in the January 15, 2014, Congressional Record (pp. H507-H532); FY2015
enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 113-235, printed in the December 11, 2014, Congressional Record (pp. H9342-
H9363); FY2016 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 114-113, printed in the December 17, 2015, Congressional Record
(pp. H9732-H9759); FY2017 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 115-31, printed in the May 3, 2017, Congressional
Record (pp. H3365-H3390); FY2018 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 115-141, printed in the March 22, 2018,
Congressional Record (pp. H2084-H2115), and P.L. 115-123; FY2019 enacted amounts were taken from H.Rept. 116-9; FY2020 enacted amounts were taken from the
explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 116-93, published in the December 17, 2019 Congressional Record (pp. H10961-H10989) and the text of P.L. 116-113 and P.L.
116-136; FY2021 enacted amounts were taken from the joint explanatory statement to accompany P.L. 116-260, printed in the December 21, 2020, Congressional Record
(pp. H7951-H7966) and the text of P.L. 116-260 and P.L. 117-2; FY2022 enacted amounts were taken from the text of P.L. 117-103, the text of the joint explanatory
statement, printed in the March 9, 2022, Congressional Record (pp. H1772-H1865), and the text of P.L. 117-169.
Notes: Amounts may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts include all supplemental appropriations. Amounts also include all rescission of current-year budget
authority, but they do not include rescissions of a prior year’s unobligated balances. Amounts in parentheses are subaccounts and not offsets.
a. FY2013 appropriations include sequestration.
b. Includes $5 mil ion in funding provided through a general provision for a use of force database as required by Executive Order 13929.
CRS-24

c. “Other” includes subaccounts for the Antitrust Division, Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund, U.S. Trustee System Fund, Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission, Fees and Expenses of Witnesses, Community Relations Service, and the Asset Forfeiture Fund.
d. This amount does not include a required transfer of $1.1 bil ion in unobligated balances from the Assets Forfeiture Fund to the U.S. Marshals Federal Prisoner
Detention account.
e. This amount does not include a $379 mil ion transfer from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women per P.L. 114-113.
f.
This amount does not include a $326 mil ion transfer from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women per P.L. 115-31.
g. Per P.L. 115-141, $492 mil ion was transferred from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women.
h. Per P.L. 116-6, $498 mil ion was transferred from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women.
i.
This amount does not include a $435 mil ion transfer from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women per P.L. 116-93.
j.
Per P.L. 117-103, $575 mil ion was transferred from the Crime Victims Fund to the Office on Violence Against Women.

CRS-25

Overview of FY2023 CJS Appropriations

Author Information

Nathan James

Acting Section Research Manager

Key Policy Staff
Area of Expertise
Name
OJP, COPS, BOP, FBI, U.S. Marshals,
Nathan James
U.S. Attorneys
ATF
Wil iam J. Krouse
Juvenile Justice, OWV
Emily J. Hanson
DEA, Crime Victims Fund
Lisa N. Sacco
Trade-related agencies: ITA, ITC, and
M. Angeles Vil arreal
USTR
BIS
Christopher Casey
EDA, MBDA
Julie Lawhorn
Census Bureau, ESA
Karen Shanton
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Marcy Gallo
NIST, Office of Science and
John F. Sargent
Technology Policy
NOAA
Eva Lipiec
NASA, National Space Council
Daniel Morgan
NSF
Laurie Harris
NTIA
Ling Zhu
Legal Services Corporation
Libby Perl

Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and
under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other
than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in
connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not
subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in
its entirety without permission from CRS. However, as a CRS Report may include copyrighted images or
material from a third party, you may need to obtain the permission of the copyright holder if you wish to
copy or otherwise use copyrighted material.

Congressional Research Service
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