Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: Overview of FY2022 Appropriations

September 13, 2021 – June 13, 2022 R46908

Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies:
June 13, 2022
Overview of FY2022 Appropriations
Carol Hardy Vincent
The Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill—often called the
Specialist in Natural
Interior bill—contains funding for about three dozen agencies and entities. They include
Resources Policy
most of the Department of the Interior (DOI) and agencies within other departments,

such as the Forest Service (Department of Agriculture) and the Indian Health Service
(Department of Health and Human Services). The bill also provides funding for the

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), arts and cultural agencies, and other organizations and entities. Issues
for Congress include determining the amount, terms, and conditions of funding for agencies and programs.
P.L. 117-103, Division G, enacted on March 15, 2022, contained FY2022 appropriations of $40.52 billion for the
Interior bill. The total included $38.07 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression
activities under an adjustment to the discretionary spending limit for FY2022. The $2.45 billion—the maximum
amount available under law for FY2022—had been requested by the President, passed by the House, and
contained in a Senate (Appropriations) Committee Majority Draft (SCMD) for FY2022. From the start of FY2022
on October 1, 2021, until March 15, 2022, Congress had provided continuing appropriations for Interior,
Environment, and Related Agencies, generally at the FY2021 level.
The $40.52 billion total was broken out unevenly across the three major funding titles in the Interior bill, as is
typically the case. DOI agencies in Title I received $14.52 billion, or 35.8% of the total. EPA, funded in Title II of
the bill, received $9.56 billion, or 23.6% of the total. For about two dozen agencies and other entities funded in
Title III, the law contained $16.44 billion, or 40.6% of the total. Nearly three-quarters of total funding ($29.54
billion, or 72.9% of the total) was for five agencies: EPA, Forest Service, Indian Health Service, National Park
Service, and Bureau of Indian Affairs. The total did not include advance appropriations (which become available
for obligation in future fiscal years) for the Indian Health Service, as had been requested by the President and
included in the SCMD. However, advance appropriations were included for the Indian Health Service (among
other agencies) in a separate law (P.L. 117-58, Division J).
The FY2022 enacted appropriation of $40.52 billion was $5.65 billion less than the President requested ($46.17
billion), $5.40 billion less than passed by the House ($45.91 billion), and $4.19 billion less than included in the
SCMD ($44.70 billion). It also contained less funding for each of the three major titles of the bill than had been
requested by the President, approved by the House, and contained in the SCMD. However, the FY2022 enacted
appropriation was $2.00 billion more than the FY2021 enacted amount ($38.52 billion), with higher funding than
FY2021 for each of the three bill titles.
In earlier action, President Biden had requested $46.17 billion for FY2022 for the Interior bill, including $43.72
billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the discretionary cap adjustment.
The President’s FY2022 request also contained $7.68 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health
Service, with the funding becoming available for obligation in FY2023. Including these advance appropriations,
the President’s total request was $53.85 billion. For DOI agencies in Title I of the bill, the request was $16.28
billion, or 35.3% of the request. For EPA (Title II), the request was $11.23 billion, or 24.3% of the total. For the
agencies and other entities in Title III of the bill, the request was $18.66 billion, or 40.4% of the total.
On July 29, 2021, the House passed H.R. 4502, containing FY2022 appropriations of $45.91 billion in Division E
for the Interior bill. This total included $43.46 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for wildfire
suppression under the cap adjustment. Of the $45.91 billion, DOI agencies in Title I would have received $16.02
billion, or 34.9% of the total; EPA would have received $11.35 billion, or 24.7% of the total; and agencies and
entities in Title III would have received $18.55 billion, or 40.4% of the total. The House-passed bill did not
include advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service.
Congressional Research Service

Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: Overview of FY2022 Appropriations

On October 18, 2021, the chair of the Senate Committee on Appropriations released the SCMD bill and draft
explanatory text with $44.70 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies for FY2022. This total
included $42.25 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the cap
adjustment. The SCMD contained an additional $6.59 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health
Service beginning in FY2023. On October 20, 2021, S. 3034 was introduced reflecting the SCMD text; no further
action was taken on this measure. Of the $44.70 billion, DOI agencies would have received $15.72 billion, or
35.2% of the total; EPA would have received $10.54 billion, or 23.6%; and agencies and other entities (in Title III)
would have received $17.99 billion, or 40.2% of the total. The draft also contained $0.45 billion (1.0% of the
total) in a new Title IV, for infrastructure projects.
Appropriations for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies, by Major Title, FY2021-FY2022

Source: Prepared by CRS with data from the House and Senate Appropriations Committees.
Notes: SCMD = Senate Committee Majority Draft. The FY2021 enacted appropriation was contained in P.L. 116-260, Division G.
The total FY2022 request shown excludes $7.68 bil ion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service, which would
become available for obligation in FY2023. House-passed appropriations for FY2022 were contained in H.R. 4502, Division E. SCMD
appropriations for FY2022 were released by the chair of the Senate Committee on Appropriations on October 18, 2021, and
introduced in the Senate on October 20, 2021, as S. 3034. The SCMD total excludes $6.59 bil ion in advance appropriations for the
Indian Health Service, which would become available for obligation in FY2023. The FY2022 enacted appropriation was contained in
P.L. 117-103, Division G. The FY2022 total shown excludes $1.78 bil ion in FY2022 emergency supplemental appropriations for
multiple agencies for disaster relief, contained in Division B, Disaster Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022, of P.L. 117-43,
the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act. It also excludes a total of $95.71 bil ion for multiple
agencies contained in Division J, Appropriations, of P.L. 117-58, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, composed of the
fol owing amounts: $33.56 bil ion in FY2022 emergency appropriations for multiple agencies, $6.11 bil ion in advance appropriations
for EPA, and $56.04 bil ion in emergency advance appropriations for multiple agencies (the advance appropriations become available
for obligation in future fiscal years).

Congressional Research Service

Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: Overview of FY2022 Appropriations

Introduction
This report focuses on FY2022 discretionary appropriations for Interior, Environment, and
Related Agencies.1 Issues for Congress include determining the amount of funding for agencies
and programs in the bill and the terms and conditions of such funding.
The focus of this report is the regular, annual appropriations for the Interior bill. This report first
presents a short overview of FY2022 legislative action. It next provides an overview of the
agencies and other entities funded in the Interior bill. It then describes the FY2022 appropriations
for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies requested by President Biden, passed by the
House, contained in a draft released by the chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, and
enacted into law. (Hereinafter, the Senate Committee Majority Draft generally is referred to as the
SCMD.) Subsequently, the report briefly compares FY2021 and FY2022 regular appropriations.2
Finally, it provides a table showing each agency’s regular appropriations enacted for FY2021,
requested by the President for FY2022, passed by the House for FY2022, contained in the SCMD
for FY2022, and enacted into law for FY2022. Agency and bill totals in this report generally
reflect rescissions.
Supplemental Appropriations for FY2022 and Advance Appropriations
This report does not detail supplemental appropriations for FY2022 or advance appropriations (for future fiscal
years) for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. More specifically, the FY2022 total in this report excludes
emergency supplemental appropriations for FY2022 of $1.78 bil ion contained in Division B of the Disaster Relief
Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022, of P.L. 117-43, the Extending Government Funding and Delivering
Emergency Assistance Act. In addition, the FY2022 total in this report excludes appropriations contained in
Division J, Appropriations, of P.L. 117-58, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. This law contained a total of
$95.71 bil ion for multiple agencies in the Interior bil , composed of the fol owing amounts: $33.56 bil ion in
FY2022 emergency appropriations for multiple agencies, $6.11 bil ion in advance appropriations for the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and $56.04 bil ion in emergency advance appropriations for multiple
agencies. Advance appropriations would become available for obligation in future fiscal years, rather than in
FY2022. The totals shown in this report for both laws (P.L. 117-43 and P.L. 117-58) were taken from the
Congressional Record, vol. 168, no. 42, Book IV (March 9, 2022), pp. H2657-H2667. See this source for detail on
agencies and accounts that received funding under these laws.
Appropriations are complex. Budget justifications for some agencies are large (often a few
hundred pages long) and contain numerous funding, programmatic, and legislative changes for
congressional consideration. Further, appropriations laws provide funds for numerous accounts,
activities, and sub-activities, and their accompanying explanatory statements provide additional
directives and other important information. This report does not provide in-depth information at
the agency, account, and subaccount levels, nor does it generally detail budgetary reorganizations
or legislative changes proposed or enacted for FY2022. For information on a particular agency or
on individual accounts, programs, or activities administered by a particular agency, see the

1 Hereinafter, the annual Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill is sometimes referred to as
the Interior bill. Many of the agencies that receive discretionary appropriations through the Interior bill also receive
mandatory appropriations under various authorizing statutes. This report does not address mandatory appropriations.
For information on mandatory appropriations of the four main federal land management agencies—Bureau of Land
Management, Fish and Wildlife Service, Forest Service, and National Park Service—see CRS Report R45994, Federal
Land Management Agencies’ Mandatory Appropriations Accounts, coordinated by Carol Hardy Vincent.
2 Regular appropriations for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies for FY2021 were included in Division G, the
Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2021, of P.L. 116-260, the
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021.
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Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: Overview of FY2022 Appropriations

Congressional Research Service (CRS) products footnoted throughout this report or contact the
key policy staff listed at the end of this report. In addition, selected reports related to
appropriations for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies, such as individual agencies (e.g.,
National Park Service) or cross-cutting programs (e.g., Wildland Fire Management), are listed
under “Interior & Environment Appropriations” on the “Appropriations” Issue Area page on the
CRS website.3
Overview of FY2022 Legislative Action
For FY2022, President Biden requested $46.17 billion for 35 agencies and entities funded in the
Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill. This total included $43.72
billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for certain wildfire suppression activities under
an adjustment to discretionary spending limits for FY2022. Under law, an adjustment can be
made to discretionary spending limits to accommodate enacted funding for wildfire suppression.4
The President’s FY2022 request also included $7.68 billion in advance appropriations for the
Indian Health Service, with the funding becoming available for obligation in FY2023.5 Including
these advance appropriations, the President’s total request was $53.85 billion. This report
generally focuses on the $46.17 billion total in requested funding that would become available in
FY2022.
On July 6, 2021, the House Appropriations Committee reported H.R. 4372 (accompanied by
H.Rept. 117-83). H.R. 4372 contained $45.92 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related
Agencies, composed of $43.47 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for wildfire
suppression under the discretionary cap adjustment as requested by the President. The House
committee-reported bill did not include advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service as
had been requested by the President.
Subsequently, on July 29, 2021, the House passed H.R. 4502, containing FY2022 appropriations
of $45.91 billion in Division E for agencies in the Interior bill. This total included $43.46 billion
in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion as requested by President Biden for wildfire
suppression under the cap adjustment. The House-passed bill did not include advance
appropriations for the Indian Health Service.
On October 18, 2021, the Senate Appropriations Committee chair released the Senate Committee
Majority Draft (SCMD) bill and draft explanatory statement, with $44.70 billion for Interior,
Environment, and Related Agencies. This total included $42.25 billion in regular appropriations
and $2.45 billion as requested by the President for wildfire suppression under the cap adjustment.

3 The “Interior & Environment Appropriations” subissue page is on the CRS website at https://www.crs.gov/iap/
appropriations (under “All Subissues”).
4 This authority is contained in Division O, the Wildfire Suppression Funding and Forest Management Activities Act,
of P.L. 115-141, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018. The adjustment may not exceed specified amounts for
each of FY2020-FY2027. For information on discretionary spending limits, see CRS In Focus IF10647, The Budget
Resolution and the Budget Control Act’s Discretionary Spending Limits, by Megan S. Lynch; CRS Report R44874, The
Budget Control Act: Frequently Asked Questions, by Grant A. Driessen and Megan S. Lynch; and CRS Report R45778,
Exceptions to the Budget Control Act’s Discretionary Spending Limits, by Megan S. Lynch, especially the “Wildfire
Suppression” section. For a discussion of the cap adjustment for wildfire suppression, see CRS In Focus IF11978,
Funding for Wildfire Management: FY2022 Appropriations for the Forest Service and the Department of the Interior,
by Katie Hoover, and CRS Report R46583, Federal Wildfire Management: Ten-Year Funding Trends and Issues
(FY2011-FY2020), by Katie Hoover.
5 For an overview of issues related to potential advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service, see CRS Report
R46265, Advance Appropriations for the Indian Health Service: Issues and Options for Congress, by Elayne J. Heisler
and Kate P. McClanahan.
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Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: Overview of FY2022 Appropriations

The SCMD contained an additional $6.59 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health
Service beginning in FY2023. On October 20, 2021, S. 3034 was introduced reflecting the SCMD
text; no further action was taken on S. 3034.6
On March 15, 2022, the President signed into law a measure containing $40.52 billion for
Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies for FY2022. These appropriations were contained in
Division G, the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations
Act, 2022, of P.L. 117-103, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022.7 The total included
$38.07 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the
discretionary cap adjustment. This law did not include advance appropriations for the Indian
Health Service.8
Because FY2022 appropriations had not been enacted at the start of the fiscal year on October 1,
2021, Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies had received appropriations under a
continuing resolution (CR), extended by a series of measures providing continuing
appropriations.9 The CR generally extended appropriations at the FY2021 levels until enactment
of full-year appropriations. However, there were specific provisions for particular agencies and
activities, including several in the Interior bill. These provisions related to National Park Service
funding for heritage partnership programs, Land and Water Conservation Fund allocations,
additional funding for the Indian Health Service, and funding for the Department of the Interior
(DOI) Working Capital Fund related to implementation of cybersecurity safeguards.10
Overview of Interior, Environment, and
Related Agencies
The annual Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill includes funding and
other provisions for agencies and programs in three federal departments and for numerous related
agencies. The Interior bill typically contains three primary appropriations titles and a fourth title
with general provisions. Title I provides funding for most DOI agencies,11 many of which manage
land and other natural resource or regulatory programs. Title I also typically includes general
provisions related to DOI agencies. Title II contains appropriations and administrative provisions
for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Title III, Related Agencies, generally funds

6 Because the draft explanatory statement is based on the draft bill text, this report generally refers to the Senate
Committee Majority Draft (SCMD) rather than S. 3034.
7 Hereinafter this section of the law is referred to as P.L. 117-103, Division G.
8 However, advance appropriations were included for the Indian Health Service (among other agencies) in a separate
law (P.L. 117-58, Division J).
9 Division A of P.L. 117-43 provided continuing appropriations through December 3, 2021. Divisions A of P.L. 117-70
extended continuing appropriations through February 18, 2022. Division A of P.L. 117-86 extended continuing
appropriations through March 11. 2022. P.L. 117-95 extended continuing appropriations through March 15. 2022.
10 For information on some of these provisions, as well as the terms and conditions of the FY2022 continuing
appropriations generally, see CRS Report R46953, Overview of Continuing Appropriations for FY2022 (P.L. 117-43),
coordinated by Kevin P. McNellis. Note that the discussion in that CRS report does not reflect the later version of the
Indian Health Service provision (in P.L. 117-70) or the provision on the Working Capital Fund (in P.L. 117-86),
because these provisions were enacted after the publication date of the CRS Report R46953.
11 The exceptions are the Bureau of Reclamation and the Central Utah Project, which receive appropriations through
Energy and Water Development appropriations laws. For information on FY2022 appropriations for these entities, see
CRS Report R46857, Energy and Water Development: FY2022 Appropriations, by Mark Holt and Corrie E. Clark and
CRS In Focus IF11855, Bureau of Reclamation: FY2022 Appropriations, by Charles V. Stern.
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about two dozen other entities, including the Forest Service in the Department of Agriculture; the
Indian Health Service in the Department of Health and Human Services; arts and cultural
agencies, including the Smithsonian Institution; and various other organizations and entities. Title
III also contains administrative provisions for some agencies funded therein. Title IV, General
Provisions, typically contains additional guidance and direction for agencies in the bill. Selected
major agencies in the Interior bill are briefly described below.
Title I. Department of the Interior12
DOI’s mission is to conserve and manage the nation’s natural resources and cultural heritage;
provide scientific and other information about those resources and natural hazards; and exercise
trust responsibilities and other commitments to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affiliated
island communities.13 There are nine major DOI agencies and two other broad accounts funded in
the Interior bill that carry out this mission. Hereinafter, these 11 entities are referred to
collectively as the DOI agencies. The DOI agencies and their functions funded in the Interior bill
include the following:
 The Bureau of Land Management administers about 244 million acres of federal
public land, mostly in the West, for diverse uses such as energy and mineral
development, livestock grazing, recreation, and preservation. The agency also
administers approximately 710 million acres of federal onshore subsurface
mineral estate throughout the nation and supervises the mineral operations on
about 60 million acres of Indian trust lands.14
 The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service administers 89 million acres of federal land
within the National Wildlife Refuge System and other areas,15 including 77
million acres in Alaska. It also manages several large marine refuges and marine
national monuments, sometimes jointly with other federal agencies. In addition,
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, together with the National Marine Fisheries
Service (Department of Commerce), is responsible for implementing the
Endangered Species Act (16 U.S.C. §§1531 et seq.); promoting wildlife habitat;
enforcing federal wildlife laws; supporting wildlife and ecosystem science;
conserving migratory birds; administering grants to aid state fish and wildlife
programs; and coordinating with state, international, and other federal agencies
on fish and wildlife issues.16
 The National Park Service administers 81 million acres of federal land within the
National Park System, including 423 separate units in the 50 states, District of
Columbia, and U.S. territories. Roughly two-thirds of the system’s lands are in
Alaska. The National Park Service has a dual mission—to preserve unique

12 For additional background on the Department of the Interior (DOI) and its agencies, see CRS Report R45480, U.S.
Department of the Interior: An Overview, by Mark K. DeSantis.
13 This statement is taken from the DOI website at https://www.doi.gov/about.
14 For an overview of FY2022 appropriations for the Bureau of Land Management, see CRS In Focus IF11890, Bureau
of Land Management: FY2022 Appropriations, by Carol Hardy Vincent.
15 This is the acreage over which the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has primary jurisdiction in the United States and
the territories. The figure excludes acreage in marine national monuments over which the agency also has jurisdiction.
16 For additional information on the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, see CRS Report R45265, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service: An Overview, by R. Eliot Crafton. For an overview of FY2022 appropriations for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, see CRS In Focus IF11925, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: FY2022 Appropriations, by R. Eliot Crafton.
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Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: Overview of FY2022 Appropriations

resources and to provide for their enjoyment by the public. The agency also
supports and promotes some resource conservation activities outside the National
Park System through grant and technical assistance programs and cooperation
with partners.17
 The U.S. Geological Survey is a science agency that provides physical and
biological information related to geological resources; natural hazards; climate
and land use change; and energy, mineral, water, and biological sciences and
resources. In addition, it is the federal government’s principal civilian mapping
agency (e.g., topographical and geological mapping) and a primary source of data
on the quantity and quality of the nation’s water resources (e.g., streamgaging).18
 The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management manages development of the nation’s
offshore conventional and renewable energy resources in the Atlantic, the Pacific,
the Gulf of Mexico, and the Alaska region. These resources are located in areas
covering approximately 2.5 billion acres located beyond state waters, much in the
Alaska region (more than 1 billion acres) but also off all coastal states.19
 The Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement provides regulatory and
safety oversight for resource development in the outer continental shelf. Among
its responsibilities are oil and gas permitting, facility inspections, environmental
compliance, and oil spill response planning.20
 The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement works with states
and tribes to reclaim abandoned coal mining sites. The agency also regulates
active coal mining sites to minimize environmental impacts during mining and to
reclaim affected lands and waters after mining.21
 Indian Affairs agencies provide and fund a variety of services to American
Indians and Alaska Natives.22 Two agencies take the lead in federal dealings with
tribes. The Bureau of Indian Education funds an elementary and secondary

17 For a discussion of the different types of national park units and an overview of their management, see CRS Report
R41816, National Park System: What Do the Different Park Titles Signify?, by Laura B. Comay. For an overview of
FY2022 appropriations for the National Park Service, see CRS In Focus IF11928, National Park Service: FY2022
Appropriations, by Laura B. Comay. For an overview of National Park Service appropriations in recent years, see CRS
Report R42757, National Park Service Appropriations: Ten-Year Trends, by Laura B. Comay.
18 For an overview of FY2022 appropriations for the U.S. Geological Survey, see CRS In Focus IF11850, The U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS): FY2022 Appropriations and Background, by Anna E. Normand.
19 For a discussion of state and federal waters, see CRS Report RL33404, Offshore Oil and Gas Development: Legal
Framework, by Adam Vann. For an overview of FY2022 appropriations for the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management,
see CRS In Focus IF11933, Offshore Energy Agency Appropriations, FY2022, by Laura B. Comay.
20 For an overview of FY2022 appropriations for the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, see CRS In
Focus IF11933, Offshore Energy Agency Appropriations, FY2022, by Laura B. Comay.
21 For additional information on the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, see CRS In Focus
IF11352, The Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund: Issues and Legislation in the 117th Congress, by Lance N. Larson;
and CRS Report R46610, Reclamation of Coal Mining Operations: Select Issues and Legislation, by Lance N. Larson.
22 This description reflects appropriations enacted for “Indian Affairs” for FY2022. Under this heading, The FY2022
appropriations law also contained appropriations for the Office of the Special Trustee for American Indians, as had
been appropriated for FY2021, passed by the House for FY2022, and contained in the SCMD. For FY2022, the
President’s request instead sought funding for the Bureau of Trust Funds Administration in anticipation of the
termination of the Office of the Special Trustee for American Indians. For additional information, see DOI, Budget
Justifications and Performance Information, Fiscal Year 2022, Bureau of Trust Funds Administration, at
https://www.doi.gov/budget/appropriations/2022.
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school system, institutions of higher education, and other educational programs.23
The Bureau of Indian Affairs is responsible for programs that include government
operations, courts, law enforcement, fire protection, social programs, roads,
economic development, employment assistance, housing repair, irrigation, dams,
Indian rights protection, implementation of land and water settlements, and
management of trust assets (real estate and natural resources).24
 Departmental Offices covers diverse offices and programs. In the FY2022
appropriations law, they included the Office of the Secretary of the Interior,
Insular Affairs, Office of the Solicitor, and Office of Inspector General.25
 Department-Wide Programs covers varied programs and entities. In the FY2022
appropriations law, they included DOI Wildland Fire Management,26 Central
Hazardous Materials Fund, Energy Community Revitalization Program, Natural
Resource Damage Assessment Fund, Working Capital Fund, and Office of
Natural Resources Revenue.27
Title II. Environmental Protection Agency
EPA has no organic statute establishing an overall mission; rather, the agency administers various
environmental statutes that have an express or general objective to protect human health and the
environment. Primary responsibilities include the implementation of federal statutes regulating air
quality, water quality, drinking water safety, pesticides, toxic substances, management and
disposal of solid and hazardous wastes, and cleanup of environmental contamination. EPA awards
grants to assist states and local governments in implementing federal law and complying with
federal requirements to control pollution. The agency also administers programs that provide
financial assistance for public wastewater and drinking water infrastructure projects.28

23 For a discussion of Indian education programs, see CRS Report RL34205, Indian Elementary-Secondary Education:
Programs, Background, and Issues, by Cassandria Dortch; and CRS In Focus IF10554, Postsecondary Education of
Native Americans, by Cassandria Dortch.
24 For an overview of FY2022 appropriations for the Bureau of Indian Affairs, see CRS In Focus IF11899, The Bureau
of Indian Affairs: FY2022 Appropriations, by Tana Fitzpatrick.
25 An overview of the responsibilities of these entities is on the DOI website at https://www.doi.gov/bureaus/offices.
26 For an overview of FY2022 appropriations for wildland fire management, see CRS In Focus IF11978, Funding for
Wildfire Management: FY2022 Appropriations for the Forest Service and the Department of the Interior, by Katie
Hoover. For an overview of wildland fire management appropriations in recent years, see CRS Report R46583, Federal
Wildfire Management: Ten-Year Funding Trends and Issues (FY2011-FY2020), by Katie Hoover.
27 Descriptions of these programs are contained on the DOI website as follows. For DOI wildland fire management, see
https://www.doi.gov/wildlandfire. For the Central Hazardous Materials Fund, see https://www.doi.gov/oepc/central-
hazardous-materials-fund-chf. For the Energy Community Revitalization Program, and the Working Capital Fund, see
DOI, Budget Justifications and Performance Information, Fiscal Year 2022, Office of the Secretary, Department-Wide
Programs, at https://www.doi.gov/budget/appropriations/2022. For the Natural Resource Damage Assessment Fund,
see DOI Budget Justifications and Performance Information, Fiscal Year 2022, Natural Resource Damage Assessment
and Restoration Program, at https://www.doi.gov/budget/appropriations/2022. For the Office of Natural Resources
Revenue, see https://www.onrr.gov/. For FY2022, the President’s request also sought funding through this account for
the Payments in Lieu of Taxes Program (PILT), though the FY2022 appropriations law included PILT funding under a
general provision. For information on this program, see DOI, Budget Justifications and Performance Information,
Fiscal Year 2022, Office of the Secretary, Department-Wide Programs¸ at https://www.doi.gov/budget/appropriations/
2022.
28 For an overview of FY2022 appropriations for the Environmental Protection Agency, see CRS In Focus IF12130,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) FY2022 Appropriations, by Angela C. Jones.
For a detailed compendium of environmental laws administered by EPA, see CRS Report RL30798, Environmental
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Title III. Related Agencies
In FY2022, Title III of the Interior bill funded about two dozen agencies, organizations, and other
entities, which are collectively referred to as the “Related Agencies.” Among the Related
Agencies funded in the Interior bill, roughly 95% of the funding is typically provided to the
following:
 The Forest Service in the Department of Agriculture manages 193 million acres
of federal land within the National Forest System—consisting of national forests,
national grasslands, and other areas—in 43 states, the Commonwealth of Puerto
Rico, and the Virgin Islands. It also provides technical and financial assistance to
states, tribes, and private forest landowners and conducts research on sustaining
forest resources for future generations.29
 The Indian Health Service in the Department of Health and Human Services
provides medical and environmental health services for approximately 2.6
million American Indians and Alaska Natives. Health care is provided through a
system of more than 600 hospitals, clinics, and health stations on or near Indian
reservations. These facilities and programs are operated by the agency, tribes and
tribal organizations, and urban Indian organizations.30
 The Smithsonian Institution is a museum and research complex consisting of 19
museums and galleries, the National Zoological Park (“National Zoo”), and
several research facilities throughout the United States and around the world.31
Established by federal legislation in 1846 with the acceptance of a trust donation
by the institution’s namesake benefactor, the Smithsonian is funded by both
federal appropriations and a private trust.32
 The National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the
Humanities make up the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities.
The National Endowment for the Arts is a major federal source of support for all
arts disciplines. Since 1965, it has awarded more than 145,000 grants, which
have been distributed to all states. The National Endowment for the Humanities
generally supports grants for humanities education, research, preservation, and
public humanities programs; creation of regional humanities centers; and
development of humanities programs under the jurisdiction of state humanities
councils. Since 1965, it has awarded more than 64,000 grants. It also supports a

Laws: Summaries of Major Statutes Administered by the Environmental Protection Agency, coordinated by David M.
Bearden.
29 For an overview of Forest Service land management, see CRS Report R43872, National Forest System Management:
Overview, Appropriations, and Issues for Congress, by Katie Hoover and Anne A. Riddle. For an overview of FY2022
appropriations for the Forest Service, see CRS In Focus IF11974, Forest Service: FY2022 Appropriations, by Katie
Hoover. For an overview of Forest Service appropriations in recent years, see CRS Report R46557, Forest Service
Appropriations: Ten-Year Data and Trends (FY2011-FY2020), by Katie Hoover.
30 Department of Health and Human Services, Indian Health Service, Justification of Estimates for Appropriations
Committees, Fiscal Year 2022, p. CJ-1, at https://www.ihs.gov/BudgetFormulation/congressionaljustifications/. For
additional information on the agency, see CRS Report R43330, The Indian Health Service (IHS): An Overview, by
Elayne J. Heisler.
31 These statistics are from the Smithsonian Institution’s website at http://www.si.edu/About.
32 For an overview of the Smithsonian Institution, including potential costs of new museums and other issues for
Congress, see CRS Report R44370, Smithsonian Institution: Background, Issues for Congress, and Selected
Legislation, by R. Eric Petersen.
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Challenge Grant program to stimulate and match private donations in support of
humanities institutions.33
FY2022 Appropriations
Components of President Biden’s Request
For FY2022, President Biden requested $46.17 billion for 35 agencies and entities funded in the
Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill. This total included $43.72
billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for certain wildfire suppression activities under
an adjustment to discretionary spending limits for FY2022. Budget authority designated for those
activities would cause the spending limits to be adjusted, making it effectively not subject to the
limits, as noted.34
The President’s FY2022 request also included $7.68 billion in advance appropriations for the
Indian Health Service, with the funding becoming available for obligation in FY2023. According
to the Administration, “advance appropriations will ensure a predictable funding source for the
Indian health system, avoiding the negative consequences of funding delays under continuing
resolutions, and lapses in funding during government shutdowns.”35 Further, the Administration
asserted that planning stability resulting from advance appropriations “would reduce unnecessary
contract and administrative costs” and “alleviate concerns from potential recruits, especially
health care providers, about the stability of their employment.”36 Including the $7.68 billion in
advance appropriations, the President’s total request for the Indian Health Service was $15.89
billion and the request for all Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies was $53.85 billion.
The $46.17 billion request (excluding advance appropriations) was broken out unevenly across
the three major funding titles in the Interior bill and among agencies and entities within each title,
as is typically the case. For the 11 DOI agencies in Title I of the bill, the request was $16.28
billion, or 35.3% of the request. For EPA, funded in Title II of the bill, the request was $11.23
billion, or 24.3% of the total. For about two dozen agencies and other entities for which the
President sought funding in Title III of the bill, the request was $18.66 billion, or 40.4% of the
total.
Appropriations for agencies vary widely for reasons relating to the number, breadth, and
complexity of agency responsibilities; alternative sources of funding (e.g., mandatory
appropriations); and Administration and congressional priorities, among other factors. Thus,
although the FY2022 request covered 35 agencies, funding for a small subset of these agencies
accounted for most of the total. For example, the requested appropriations for three agencies—
Forest Service, EPA, and Indian Health Service—were more than half (60.3%) of the total
request. Further, nearly three-quarters (73.6%) of the request was for these three agencies and two
others, National Park Service and Bureau of Indian Affairs.

33 An overview of the National Endowment for the Arts is at https://www.arts.gov/about/facts-and-figures. An
overview of the National Endowment for the Humanities is at https://www.neh.gov/about.
34 President Biden’s request for a $2.45 billion discretionary cap adjustment for wildfire suppression included $2.12
billion for the Forest Service and $330.0 million for DOI.
35 Department of Health and Human Services, Indian Health Service, Justification of Estimates for Appropriations
Committees, Fiscal Year 2022, p. CJ-288.
36 Ibid, p. CJ-288.
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For DOI agencies, President Biden’s requests for FY2022 ranged from $184.8 million for the
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management to $3.50 billion for the National Park Service. The requests
for 7 of the 11 agencies exceeded $1 billion. More than a third (37.6%) of the $16.28 billion
requested for DOI agencies was for two agencies: the National Park Service ($3.50 billion) and
the Bureau of Indian Affairs ($2.62 billion).
For Related Agencies in Title III for which the President sought funding, the requested levels
exhibited more variation. They ranged from $1.0 million for the World War I Centennial
Commission to $8.41 billion for the Forest Service.37 The Indian Health Service, with a request of
$8.21 billion, and the Smithsonian Institution, with a request of $1.10 billion, were the only other
agencies in Title III for which the request was more than $1 billion. The next-largest request was
$201.0 million for the National Endowment for the Arts, followed by $183.5 million for the
National Gallery of Art and $177.6 million for the National Endowment for the Humanities. By
contrast, nine Title III entities for which the President requested funding would have received less
than $10 million each. Figure 1 identifies the share of President Biden’s FY2022 request for
particular agencies in the Interior bill.
Figure 1. Components of President Biden’s FY2022 Request for
Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies
(in billions of dollars)

Source: Prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) with data from the House and Senate
Appropriations Committees.
Notes: The FY2022 “Indian Affairs” request reflects funds for the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Bureau of Indian
Education, and the Bureau of Trust Funds Administration. The amount shown for Indian Health Service excludes
$7.68 bil ion in advance appropriations requested by the President that would become available in FY2023.
Agencies shown in shades of blue are in the Department of the Interior, Title I of the bil . The Environmental

37As noted, the Forest Service request included $2.12 billion under a discretionary cap adjustment for wildfire
suppression.
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Protection Agency, shown in teal, is in Title II of the bil . Agencies shown in shades of olive-brown are the
Related Agencies in Title III of the bil . Figures may not add to total shown due to rounding.
Components of House-Passed Bill
The Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2022
(H.R. 4502, Division E), as passed by the House on July 29, 2021, contained $45.91 billion for
Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. This total included $2.45 billion for wildfire
suppression under the cap adjustment.38
The House-passed bill did not include $7.68 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian
Health Service beginning in FY2023. In its earlier report on H.R. 4372, the House Committee on
Appropriations set out reasons for opposing the request for advance appropriations. These reasons
included that the Indian Health Service is not on “the list of accounts for which advance
appropriations can be made” and has not “commenced dialogue with the authorizing committees
about this proposal.”39 Further, the House Committee on Appropriations expressed a need for
more information on the proposal, including on “policies and procedures that may need to be
changed in the event of advance appropriations.”40 The committee directed the Indian Health
Service to submit related information to the committee.
Of the $45.91 billion in the House-passed bill, DOI agencies in Title I would have received
$16.02 billion, or 34.9% of the total. EPA, funded in Title II of the bill, would have received
$11.35 billion, or 24.7% of the total. The House-passed bill would have funded about two dozen
agencies and other entities through Title III, with $18.55 billion, or 40.4% of the bill total.
The FY2022 House-passed appropriations for five agencies constituted nearly three-quarters of
the $45.91 billion total. The appropriations for EPA, Forest Service, Indian Health Service,
National Park Service, and Bureau of Indian Affairs totaled $33.84 billion, or 73.7% of the total.
For DOI agencies, the amounts in the FY2022 House-passed bill ranged from $170.4 million for
the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement to $3.47 billion for the National Park
Service. The House-passed amounts for 7 of the 11 DOI agencies exceeded $1 billion. For the
roughly two dozen Related Agencies in Title III, the amounts ranged from $1.0 million (for the
World War I Centennial Commission) to $8.35 billion (for the Forest Service).41 As under
President Biden’s request, the House would have provided three Title III agencies with more than
$1 billion; in addition to the Forest Service, these agencies included the Indian Health Service
($8.11 billion) and the Smithsonian Institution ($1.10 billion). The next-largest amounts in Title
III were $201.0 million for each of the National Endowment for the Arts and the National
Endowment for the Humanities and $183.5 million for the National Gallery of Art. Other Title III

38 The $2.45 billion passed by the House for FY2022 included $2.12 billion for the Forest Service and $330.0 million
for DOI.
39 The budget resolution includes a limit on advance appropriations by amount and by specifying “Accounts Identified
for Advance Appropriations.” This list is printed in the Congressional Record, June 24, 2021, p. H3130. U.S. Congress,
House Committee on Appropriations, Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations
Bill, 2022, report to accompany H.R. 4372, 117th Cong., 1st sess., H.Rept. 117-83, p. 123.
40 Ibid, p. 123.
41 The Forest Service appropriation included $2.12 billion under a discretionary cap adjustment for wildfire
suppression. The House-passed bill contained $0 for two entities funded in FY2021: the Dwight D. Eisenhower
Memorial Commission and the Alyce Spotted Bear and Walter Soboleff Commission on Native Children. The House-
passed bill also included $0 in new funding for the Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation but $3.2 million for
the entity derived from unobligated balances of funding.
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agencies would have received lower funding amounts, including less than $10 million for each of
eight agencies.
Components of SCMD
The SCMD, released by the chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee on October 18, 2021,42
contained a total of $44.70 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. This total
included $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the cap adjustment.43
The draft contained an additional $6.59 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health
Service beginning in FY2023. In its draft explanatory statement, the Senate Committee majority
expressed that “this budgetary change will enable IHS to continue to provide health services
without interruption or uncertainty, improving the quality of care and providing peace of mind for
patients and medical providers.”44
Of the $44.70 billion in the SCMD, DOI agencies in Title I would have received $15.72 billion,
or 35.2% of the total. EPA, funded in Title II of the bill, would have received $10.54 billion, or
23.6% of the total. The SCMD would have funded about two dozen agencies and other entities
through Title III, with $17.99 billion, or 40.2% of the total. The draft also contained $0.45 billion
(1% of the total) in a new Title IV, for infrastructure projects.
The SCMD would have provided five agencies with nearly three-quarters of the total funding.
The appropriations for EPA, Forest Service, Indian Health Service, National Park Service, and
Bureau of Indian Affairs totaled $32.47 billion, or 72.6% of the total.
For the 11 DOI agencies, the amounts in the FY2022 SCMD ranged from $184.8 million for the
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management to $3.46 billion for the National Park Service. The SCMD
amounts for seven of these agencies exceeded $1 billion. For the roughly two dozen Related
Agencies in Title III, the amounts ranged from $0.2 million (for the Alyce Spotted Bear and
Walter Soboleff Commission on Native Children) to $8.35 billion (for the Forest Service).45 As
under President Biden’s request and the House-passed bill, the SCMD would have provided three
Title III agencies with more than $1 billion; in addition to the Forest Service, these agencies
included the Indian Health Service ($7.62 billion) and the Smithsonian Institution ($1.10 billion).
The next-largest amounts in Title III were $183.5 million for the National Gallery of Art and
$182.5 million for each of the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for
the Humanities. Other Title III agencies would have received lower funding amounts, including
less than $10 million for each of nine agencies.
Components of FY2022 Enacted Appropriations
The FY2022 appropriations law (P.L. 117-103, Division G), enacted on March 15, 2022,
contained a total of $40.52 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. This total

42 As noted, the SCMD subsequently was introduced in the Senate as S. 3034.
43 The $2.45 billion in the SCMD for FY2022 included $2.12 billion for the Forest Service and $330.0 million for DOI.
44 Senate Committee on Appropriations Majority Draft Explanatory Statement for the Department of the Interior,
Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill, 2022, released October 18, 2021, p. 6, on the website of the
Senate Committee on Appropriations at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/INTRept_FINAL.PDF.
45 The Forest Service appropriation included $2.12 billion under a discretionary cap adjustment for wildfire
suppression. The SCMD contained $0 for an entity funded in FY2021: the Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial
Commission. It also included $0 in new funding for the Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation but contained
$3.2 million for the entity derived from unobligated balances of funding.
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included $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the cap adjustment.46 The law did not
include advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service beginning in FY2023. However,
advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service were enacted in an earlier law (P.L. 117-58,
Division J).
Of the $40.52 billion total, DOI agencies in Title I received $14.52 billion, or 35.8% of the total.
EPA, funded in Title II of the bill, received $9.56 billion, or 23.6% of the total. For about two
dozen agencies and other entities funded in Title III, the law contained $16.44 billion, or 40.6% of
the total.
The FY2022 law contained nearly three-quarters of total funding for five agencies, similar to the
President’s request, the House passed bill, and the SCMD. Specifically, the appropriations in the
FY2022 law for EPA, Forest Service, Indian Health Service, National Park Service, and Bureau
of Indian Affairs totaled $29.54 billion, or 72.9% of the total.
For the 11 DOI agencies, the FY2022 law provided funding ranging from $155.9 million for the
Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement to $3.26 billion for the National Park Service.
The appropriations for seven of the 11 agencies exceeded $1 billion. For the Related Agencies in
Title III, the amounts ranged from $0.2 million (for the Alyce Spotted Bear and Walter Soboleff
Commission on Native Children) to $7.82 billion (for the Forest Service).47 As under President
Biden’s request, the House-passed bill, and the SCMD, the FY2022 appropriations law contained
more than $1 billion for two entities in addition to the Forest Service. They are the Indian Health
Service, with $6.63 billion, and the Smithsonian Institution, with $1.06 billion. The next-largest
funding levels in Title III were $180.5 million for the National Gallery of Art and $180.0 million
for each of the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the
Humanities. Other Title III agencies received lower funding amounts, including less than $10
million for each of nine agencies.
Comparison of FY2022 and FY2021 Appropriations48
The FY2022 enacted appropriation of $40.52 billion was $5.65 billion less than the President
requested ($46.17 billion), $5.40 billion less than passed by the House ($45.91 billion), and $4.19
billion less than included in the SCMD ($44.70 billion). The FY2022 enacted appropriation also
contained less funding for each of the three major titles of the bill than had been requested by the
President, approved the House, and contained in the SCMD. It is unclear whether and to what
extent the FY2022 enacted appropriation was lower because of the earlier enactment of FY2022
appropriations in P.L. 117-43 or P.L. 117-58.
However, the FY2022 enacted appropriation was $2.00 billion more than the FY2021 enacted
amount of $38.52 billion, and it contained higher funding than was enacted for FY2021 for each

46 The $2.45 billion in the FY2022 law included $2.12 billion for the Forest Service and $330.0 million for DOI.
47 The Forest Service appropriation included $2.12 billion under a discretionary cap adjustment for wildfire
suppression. The FY2022 appropriations law contained $0 for an entity funded in FY2021: the Dwight D. Eisenhower
Memorial Commission. It also included $0 in new funding for the Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation, but
contained $3.2 million for the entity derived from unobligated balances of funding.
48 This comparison is based on the regular appropriations enacted for FY2021 and FY2022. No supplemental
appropriations were enacted for FY2021. In contrast, Division B, Disaster Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act,
2022, of P.L. 117-43, the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act, contained $1.78
billion in emergency appropriations for FY2022, and Division J, Appropriations, of P.L. 117-58, the Infrastructure
Investment and Jobs Act, contained $33.56 billion in emergency appropriations for FY2022. (The law also contained
$6.11 billion in advance appropriations for EPA and $56.04 billion in emergency advance appropriations for multiple
agencies).
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of the three major titles of the bill. Specifically, the FY2022 enacted appropriation included
$795.7 million more for DOI agencies in Title I, $322.3 million more for EPA in Title II, and
$877.0 million more for Related Agencies in Title III, relative to the FY2021 levels.
Further, the FY2022 appropriation was higher than the FY2021 appropriation for each of the 11
individual DOI agencies, four of which received increases over FY2021 of more than $100
million. They are the Bureau of Land Management ($101.3 million increase), Bureau of Indian
Affairs ($104.1 million increase), Department-Wide Programs ($110.5 million increase), and
National Park Service ($142.3 million increase). The FY2022 appropriation also was higher than
the FY2021 appropriation for each EPA account, except that for both years the Hazardous Waste
Electronic Manifest System Fund received the same appropriation matched by offsetting
collections.49
Most, but not all, Title III agencies received higher appropriations for FY2022 than for FY2021.
The two agencies with the highest appropriations received the largest dollar increases over
FY2021. Specifically, the Forest Service’s $7.82 billion appropriation was an increase of $396.4
million over FY2021, and the Indian Health Service’s $6.63 billion appropriation was an increase
of $394.7 million over FY2021.
The FY2022 enacted appropriation contained $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the
discretionary cap adjustment. That was the maximum amount available under law for FY2022,
and the same as the amount requested by the President, passed by the House, and contained in the
SCMD for FY2022. The FY2021 enacted appropriation was $2.35 billion, the maximum under
law for that year.50
The FY2022 appropriations law (P.L. 117-103, Division G) did not contain advance
appropriations for the Indian Health Service, though legislation enacted earlier (P.L. 117-58,
Division J) contained advance appropriations for the agency, as noted. Neither the FY2021
enacted appropriations nor the House-passed bill for FY2022 contained advance appropriations
for the Indian Health Service, unlike the President’s request and the SCMD.
Figure 2 depicts FY2021 enacted appropriations; FY2022 appropriations in President Biden’s
request, the House-passed bill, and the SCMD; and the FY2022 enacted appropriations. It shows
the appropriations contained in each of the three main appropriations titles of the Interior bill—
Title I (DOI), Title II (EPA), and Title III (Related Agencies). Further, it shows the appropriations
included in a new Title IV, General Provisions, in the SCMD. For FY2021 enacted
appropriations, it depicts the regular annual appropriations in P.L. 116-260, Division G. For the
President’s FY2022 request, it depicts amounts shown in tables prepared by the Appropriations
Committees. For FY2022 House-passed appropriations, it depicts the amounts contained in H.R.
4502, Division E. For FY2022 SCMD appropriations, it depicts the amounts contained in the
draft released by the chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee on October 18, 2021. For
FY2022 enacted appropriations, it depicts the regular annual appropriations in P.L. 117-103,
Division G. Similarly, Table 1, at the end of this report, lists the appropriations for each agency
that were enacted for FY2021 in P.L. 116-260, Division G, requested by President Biden for
FY2022, passed by the House in H.R. 4502, Division E for FY2022, contained in the SCMD for
FY2022, and enacted for FY2022 in P.L. 117-103, Division G.

49 However, this comparison does not reflect an FY2021 rescission for EPA of $28.0 million, because this rescission is
not reflected by account in the appropriations tables consulted.
50 2 U.S.C. §901(b)(2)(F).
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Figure 2. Appropriations for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies, by Major
Title, FY2021-FY2022

Source: Prepared by CRS with data from the House and Senate Appropriations Committees.
Notes: SCMD = Senate Committee Majority Draft. The FY2021 enacted appropriation was contained in P.L.
116-260, Division G. The total FY2022 request shown excludes $7.68 bil ion in advance appropriations for the
Indian Health Service, which would become available for obligation in FY2023. House-passed appropriations for
FY2022 were contained in H.R. 4502, Division E. SCMD appropriations for FY2022 were released by the chair of
the Senate Committee on Appropriations on October 18, 2021, and introduced in the Senate on October 20,
2021, as S. 3034. The SCMD total excludes $6.59 bil ion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service,
which would become available for obligation in FY2023. The FY2022 enacted appropriation was contained in P.L.
117-103, Division G. The FY2022 total shown excludes $1.78 bil ion in FY2022 emergency supplemental
appropriations for multiple agencies for disaster relief, contained in Division B, Disaster Relief Supplemental
Appropriations Act, 2022, of P.L. 117-43, the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency
Assistance Act. It also excludes a total of $95.71 bil ion for multiple agencies contained in Division J,
Appropriations, of P.L. 117-58, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, composed of the fol owing amounts:
$33.56 bil ion in FY2022 emergency appropriations for multiple agencies, $6.11 bil ion in advance appropriations
for EPA, and $56.04 bil ion in emergency advance appropriations for multiple agencies (the advance
appropriations become available for obligation in future fiscal years).
Table 1. Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies:
FY2021-FY2022 Appropriations
(in thousands of dollars)
FY2022 Senate
FY2022
FY2022
Committee
FY2021
Admin.
House
Majority Draft
FY2022
Bureau or Agency
Enacted
Request
Passed
(SCMD)
Enacted
Bureau of Land Management
$1,309,634
$1,620,501
$1,594,581
$1,541,043
$1,410,919
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
$1,583,861
$1,916,207
$1,886,569
$1,848,319
$1,645,611
National Park Service
$3,122,651
$3,497,206
$3,469,579
$3,463,410
$3,264,994
U.S. Geological Survey
$1,315,527
$1,642,437
$1,646,437
$1,493,839
$1,394,360
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
$127,760
$184,781
$180,932
$184,781
$163,748
Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement
$125,064
$195,372
$170,372
$194,672
$155,947
Office of Surface Mining Reclamation
$222,599
$312,022
$312,022
$262,022
$268,097
and Enforcement
Indian Affairsa
$3,505,152
$4,076,964
$4,012,916
$3,938,365
$3,655,032
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FY2022 Senate
FY2022
FY2022
Committee
FY2021
Admin.
House
Majority Draft
FY2022
Bureau or Agency
Enacted
Request
Passed
(SCMD)
Enacted
Bureau of Indian Affairs
$2,159,384
$2,618,328
$2,552,551
$2,492,828
$2,263,529
Bureau of Indian Education
$1,237,369
$1,347,964
$1,350,793
$1,334,865
$1,281,931
Bureau of Trust Funds Administration
$0
$110,672
$0
$0
$0
Office of the Special Trustee for American Indians
$108,399
$0
$109,572
$110,672
$109,572
Departmental Offices
$363,731
$415,207
$406,507
$475,407
$402,437
Office of the Secretary
$103,210
$130,887
$116,687
$190,087
$123,367
Insular Affairs
$115,156
$122,440
$127,940
$122,440
$121,940
Office of the Solicitor
$86,813
$95,498
$95,498
$96,498
$94,998
Office of Inspector General
$58,552
$66,382
$66,382
$66,382
$62,132
Department-Wide Programs
$1,529,609
$1,888,686b
$1,823,940
$1,799,486
$1,640,142
Wildland Fire Management
$1,302,623
$1,440,441
$1,443,061
$1,455,441
$1,356,097
Central Hazardous Materials Fund
$10,010
$10,036
$10,036
$10,036
$10,036
Energy Community Revitalization Program
$0
$169,200
$120,000
$65,000
$5,000
Natural Resource Damage Assessment Fund
$7,767
$7,933
$7,933
$7,933
$7,933
Working Capital Fund
$60,735
$91,436
$89,436
$91,436
$91,436
Office of Natural Resources Revenue
$148,474
$169,640
$153,474
$169,640
$169,640
General Provisions: Payments in Lieu of Taxesb
$515,000
$525,000
$515,000
$515,000
$515,000
Subtotal, Title I: Department of the Interiorc
$13,720,588 $16,275,383 $16,019,855
$15,717,344 $14,516,287
Subtotal, Title II: Environmental Protection
$9,237,153 $11,233,279 $11,347,071
$10,541,049
$9,559,485
Agency
Dept. of Agriculture Under Secretary for Natural
$875
$1,396
$1,396
$1,000
$1,000
Resources & Environment
Forest Service
$7,423,834
$8,405,136
$8,354,704
$8,354,482
$7,820,277
Indian Health Service
$6,236,279
$8,209,279d
$8,114,166
$7,616,250e
$6,630,986
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
$81,500
$83,540
$83,540
$84,540
$82,540
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
$78,000
$81,750
$84,000
$81,750
$80,500
Council on Environmental Quality and Office of
$3,500
$4,200
$4,200
$4,200
$4,200
Environmental Quality
Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board
$12,000
$13,400
$13,400
$13,400
$13,400
Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation
$4,000
$4,000
$0f
$0f
$0f
Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native
$10,772
$11,000
$11,772
$11,000
$11,741
Culture and Arts Development
Smithsonian Institution
$1,032,722
$1,102,000
$1,102,000
$1,102,000
$1,062,215
National Gallery of Art
$176,445
$183,500
$183,500
$183,500
$180,500
John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
$40,400
$40,440
$40,440
$40,440
$40,440
Woodrow Wilson International Center for
$14,000
$14,095
$14,095
$14,000
$15,000
Scholars
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link to page 20 link to page 21 link to page 20 link to page 21 link to page 21 Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: Overview of FY2022 Appropriations

FY2022 Senate
FY2022
FY2022
Committee
FY2021
Admin.
House
Majority Draft
FY2022
Bureau or Agency
Enacted
Request
Passed
(SCMD)
Enacted
National Endowment for the Arts
$167,500
$201,000
$201,000
$182,500
$180,000
National Endowment for the Humanities
$167,500
$177,550
$201,000
$182,500
$180,000
Commission of Fine Arts
$3,240
$3,328
$3,328
$3,328
$3,328
National Capital Arts and Cultural Affairs
$5,000
$5,000
$5,000
$5,000
$5,000
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
$7,400
$8,255
$8,255
$8,255
$8,255
National Capital Planning Commission
$8,124
$8,382
$8,382
$8,382
$8,750
U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum
$61,388
$62,616
$64,616
$62,616
$62,616
Presidio Trust
$20,000
$31,000
$40,000
$20,000
$40,000
Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission
$1,000
$0
$0
$0
$0
World War I Centennial Commission
$7,000
$1,000
$1,000
$1,000
$1,000
U.S. Semiquincentennial Commission
$0
$8,000
$8,000
$8,000
$8,000
Alyce Spotted Bear and Walter Soboleff
$500
$0
$0
$200
$200
Commission on Native Children

Subtotal, Title III: Related Agencies
$15,562,979 $18,659,867d $18,547,794
$17,988,343e $16,439,948
Subtotal, Title IV: General Provisions
$0
$0
$0
$453,984
$0
Total Interior, Environment, and Related
$38,520,720 $46,168,529d $45,914,720
$44,700,720e $40,515,720g
Agencies
Source: Prepared by CRS with data from the House and Senate Appropriations Committees. Agency and bil
totals generally reflect rescissions.
Notes: Enacted appropriations for FY2021 were contained in P.L. 116-260, Division G. The FY2022 request
excludes $7.68 bil ion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service, which would become available for
obligation in FY2023. House-passed appropriations for FY2022 were contained in H.R. 4502, Division E. Senate
Committee Majority Draft (SCMD) appropriations for FY2022 were released by the chair of the Senate
Committee on Appropriations on October 18, 2021, and later introduced in the Senate as S. 3034. The SCMD
total excludes $6.59 bil ion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service, which would become
available for obligation in FY2023. Enacted appropriations for FY2022, shown in the last column, were contained
in P.L. 117-103, Division G. Additional FY2022 and advance appropriations were provided in Division B, Disaster
Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022, of P.L. 117-43, the Extending Government Funding and Delivering
Emergency Assistance Act, and Division J, Appropriations, of P.L. 117-58, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs
Act, as detailed below in note g.
a. This row shows total funding for the listed entities. For FY2022, President Biden sought to fund the
functions of the Office of the Special Trustee for American Indians through a new Bureau of Trust Funds
Administration.
b. The FY2022 requested appropriations for the Payments in Lieu of Taxes Program ($525.0 mil ion) were
included under Department-Wide Programs. For easier comparison, these appropriations are shown in this
table under General Provisions.
c. Amounts in this row for FY2022 requested, House-passed, and SCMD appropriations reflect $1.0 mil ion
not shown in the column figures above. The funding was included in the General Provisions of the Interior
title of the bil , for decommissioning off-shore facilities and related activities.
d. This figure excludes $7.68 bil ion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service that would
become available for obligation in FY2023. Including these appropriations, the President’s request was
$15.89 bil ion for the Indian Health Service; $26.34 bil ion for Title III Related Agencies; and $53.85 bil ion
for total Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies.
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16

Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: Overview of FY2022 Appropriations

e. This figure excludes $6.59 bil ion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service that would
become available for obligation in FY2023. Including these appropriations, the SCMD contained $14.20
bil ion for the Indian Health Service; $24.57 bil ion for Title III Related Agencies; and $51.29 bil ion for total
Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. Also, a table on page 3 of the draft explanatory statement for
the SCMD identifies the total (in thousands) as $44,698,720. The detailed funding table in the draft appears
to sum to the total reflected in this CRS table.
f.
The House-passed bil , SCMD, and FY2022 enacted appropriation included $0 in new funding but approved
$3.2 mil ion derived from unobligated balances of funding.
g. This figure excludes $1.78 bil ion in FY2022 emergency supplemental appropriations for multiple agencies
for disaster relief, contained in Division B, Disaster Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022, of P.L.
117-43, the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act. It also excludes a
total of $95.71 bil ion for multiple agencies contained in Division J, Appropriations, of P.L. 117-58, the
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, composed of the fol owing amounts: $33.56 bil ion in FY2022
emergency appropriations for multiple agencies, $6.11 bil ion in advance appropriations for EPA, and $56.04
bil ion in emergency advance appropriations for multiple agencies.

Author Information

Carol Hardy Vincent

Specialist in Natural Resources Policy

Key Policy Staff
Area of Expertise
Name
Interior Appropriations, coordinator
Carol Hardy Vincent
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
David M. Bearden
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Carol Hardy Vincent
Bureau of Indian Education
Cassandria Dortch
Bureau of Land Management
Carol Hardy Vincent
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
Laura B. Comay
Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement
Laura B. Comay
Environmental Protection Agency
Angela C. Jones
Forest Service
Katie Hoover
Indian Health Service
Elayne J. Heisler
Land and Water Conservation Fund
Carol Hardy Vincent
Office of Insular Affairs
R. Sam Garrett
Office of Natural Resources Revenue
Laura B. Comay
Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement
Lance N. Larson
National Endowment for the Arts and National
Shannon S. Loane
Endowment for the Humanities
Congressional Research Service

17

Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: Overview of FY2022 Appropriations

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
David M. Bearden
(Superfund authorities)
National Park Service
Laura B. Comay
Payments in Lieu of Taxes
Katie Hoover
Reorganization of DOI
Mark DeSantis
Smithsonian Institution
Shannon S. Loane
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Pervaze A. Sheikh
U.S. Geological Survey
Anna E. Normand
Wildland Fire Management
Katie Hoover

Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and
under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other
than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in
connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not
subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in
its entirety without permission from CRS. However, as a CRS Report may include copyrighted images or
material from a third party, you may need to obtain the permission of the copyright holder if you wish to
copy or otherwise use copyrighted material.

Congressional Research Service
R46908 · VERSION 6 · UPDATED
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