Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

August 20, 2020 R46492

Labor, Health and Human Services, and
August 20, 2020
Education: FY2020 Appropriations
Jessica Tollestrup,
This report offers an overview of actions taken by Congress and the President to provide Coordinator
FY2020 appropriations for accounts funded by the Departments of Labor, Health and
Specialist in Social Policy
Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies (LHHS) appropriations bil . This

bil includes al accounts funded through the annual appropriations process at the
Karen E. Lynch,
Department of Labor (DOL) and Department of Education (ED). It also provides annual
Coordinator
appropriations for most agencies within the Department of Health and Human Services
Specialist in Social Policy
(HHS), with certain exceptions (e.g., the Food and Drug Administration is funded via

the Agriculture bil ). The LHHS bil also provides funds for more than a dozen related
David H. Bradley
agencies, including the Social Security Administration (SSA).
Specialist in Labor
Economics
This report primarily focuses on regular FY2020 LHHS discretionary funding enacted

during the annual appropriations process. The emergency supplemental funding that was Ada S. Cornell
subsequently enacted for FY2020 is general y not included in the budgetary figures
Senior Research Librarian
discussed in the main body of the report. (These appropriations are addressed in the

context of the FY2020 annual cycle in Appendix C.)
William R. Morton
Regular Appropriations
Analyst in Income Security

FY2020 LHHS Omnibus: On December 19, 2019, the President signed into law the
Angela Napili
Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 1865; P.L. 116-94). This law
Senior Research Librarian
contained full-year LHHS appropriations in Division A. Discretionary LHHS

appropriations totaled $195.4 bil ion. This amount is 3.2% more than FY2019 enacted
Kyle D. Shohfi
and 17.4% more than the FY2020 President’s budget request. The omnibus also
Analyst in Education Policy
provided $902.3 bil ion in mandatory funding, for a combined LHHS total of $1.098

tril ion. The distribution of discretionary funding was as follows:

 DOL: $12.4 bil ion, 2.4% more than FY2019.
 HHS: $94.9 bil ion, 4.9% more than FY2019.
 ED: $72.8 bil ion, 1.8% more than FY2019.
 Related Agencies: $15.4 bil ion, 0.3% more than FY2019.
FY2020 LHHS Senate Action: The FY2020 LHHS bil did not receive subcommittee, full committee, or initial
floor action in the Senate prior to its enactment. With regard to committee consideration, the Senate
Appropriations Committee scheduled a markup for September 10, 2019, but that markup was indefinitely
postponed. (The initial LHHS subcommittee al ocation (S.Rept. 116-104) that was adopted by the Senate
Appropriations Committee on September 12, 2019 is discussed in Appendix A.) Senator Blunt, Chair of the
Senate LHHS Subcommittee subsequently released the text of a draft LHHS bil and accompanying committee
report on September 18.
FY2020 LHHS House Action: The House Appropriations Committee’s LHHS subcommittee approved its draft
bil on April 30, 2019, by a voice vote. The full committee markup was held on May 8, 2019, and the bil was
ordered to be reported that same day (30-23). The bil was subsequently reported to the House on May 15 (H.R.
2740, H.Rept. 116-62).
As reported by the full committee, the bil would have provided $204.3 bil ion in discretionary LHHS funds, a
7.9% increase from FY2019 enacted levels. This amount would have been 22.7% more than the FY2020
President’s request. In addition, the House committee bil would have provided an estimated $902.3 bil ion in
mandatory funding, for a combined total of $1.107 tril ion for LHHS as a whole. The distribution of discretionary
funding was as follows:
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 DOL: $13.3 bil ion, 9.9% more than FY2019.
 HHS: $99.4 bil ion, 9.8% more than FY2019.
 ED: $75.9 bil ion, 6.3% more than FY2019.
 Related Agencies: $15.7 bil ion, 2.7% more than FY2019.
The House began consideration of the FY2020 LHHS bil the week of June 10. Of the 73 LHHS amendments
offered, 64 were adopted and the remaining 9 were withdrawn or defeated. The House passed the LHHS omnibus
by a vote of 226-203 on June 19. Because there is no publicly-available source that estimates the account-level
budgetary effects of the amendments adopted to Division A, this report provides analysis of the House Committee-
reported version of the LHHS bill. For information on the LHHS amendments offered during floor consideration,
see Appendix B.
FY2020 President’s Budget Request: On March 11, 2019, the Trump Administration released the FY2020
President’s budget. The President requested $166.5 bil ion in discretionary funding for acc ounts funded by the
LHHS bil , which would have been a decrease of 12.1% from FY2019 levels. In addition, the President requested
$900.4 bil ion in annual y appropriated mandatory funding, for a total of $1.067 tril ion for LHHS as a whole. The
distribution of discretionary funding was as follows:
 DOL: $10.9 bil ion, 10.0% less than FY2019.
 HHS: $78.1 bil ion, 13.7% less than FY2019.
 ED: $64.0 bil ion, 10.4% less than FY2019.
 Related Agencies: $13.5 bil ion, 11.8% less than FY2019.
Supplemental Appropriations
The legislative response to the global pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has included the
enactment of laws to provide authorities and FY2020 supplemental funding to prevent, prepare for, and respond to
the pandemic. As of the date of this report, discretionary LHHS supplemental appropriations for COVID-19
response have been enacted in four supplemental appropriations measures:
 Title I, Division B, of the Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act
(PPPHCEA, P.L. 116-139), enacted on April 24, 2020, provided $100 bil ion in supplemental
LHHS funds.
 Title VIII, Division B, of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act,
P.L. 116-136), enacted on March 27, 2020, provided $172.1 bil ion in supplemental LHHS funds.
 Title V, Division A, of the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA, P.L. 116-127),
enacted on March 18, 2020, provided $1.25 bil ion in supplemental LHHS funds.
 Title III, Division A, of the Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations
Act, 2020 (P.L. 116-123), enacted on March 6, 2020, provided approximately $6.4 bil ion in
supplemental LHHS funds.
In addition, Title IX of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act (USMCA, P.L. 116-
113), enacted on January 29, 2020, provided $210 mil ion in discretionary LHHS supplemental appropriations to
implement the agreement.
See Appendix C of this report for an analysis of the supplemental discretionary LHHS appropriations provided in
these acts. For a detailed discussion of the LHHS COVID-19 response funding, see CRS Report R46353, COVID-
19: Overview of FY2020 LHHS Supplemental Appropriations.

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Introduction
This report provides an overview of FY2020
FY2020 Supplemental
appropriations actions for accounts traditional y funded
Appropriations
in the appropriations bil for the Departments of Labor,
This report primarily focuses on regular
Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related
FY2020 LHHS discretionary funding
Agencies (LHHS). This bil provides discretionary and
enacted during the annual appropriations
mandatory appropriations to three federal departments:
process. The emergency supplemental
funding that was subsequently enacted for
the Department of Labor (DOL), the Department of
FY2020 is general y not included in the
Health and Human Services (HHS), and the Department
budgetary figures discussed in the main
of Education (ED). In addition, the bil provides annual
body of the report. (These appropriations
appropriations for more than a dozen related agencies,
are addressed in the context of the
including the Social Security Administration (SSA).
FY2020 annual cycle in Appendix C.)

Discretionary funds represent less than one-fifth of the total funds appropriated in the annual
LHHS bil . Nevertheless, the LHHS bil is typical y the largest single source of discretionary
funds for domestic nondefense federal programs among the various appropriations bil s. (The
Department of Defense bil is the largest source of discretionary funds among al federal
programs.) Because the appropriations process both provides and controls discretionary funding
(concepts discussed further in “Mandatory vs. Discretionary Budget Authority”), the bulk of this
report is focused on these funds.
The LHHS bil typical y is one of the more controversial of the regular appropriations bil s
because of the size of its funding and the scope of its programs, as wel as various related social
policy issues addressed in the bil , such as restrictions on the use of federal funds for abortion and
for research on human embryos, stem cel s, and gun violence.
Congressional clients may consult the LHHS experts list in CRS Report R42638, Appropriations:
CRS Experts, for information on which analysts to contact at the Congressional Research Service
(CRS) with questions on specific agencies and programs funded in the LHHS bil .
Report Roadmap and Useful Terminology
This report is divided into several sections. The opening section provides an explanation of the
scope of the LHHS bil (and hence, the scope of this report) and an introduction to important
terminology and concepts that carry throughout the report. Next is a series of sections describing
major congressional actions on FY2020 appropriations and (for context) a review of the
conclusion of the FY2019 appropriations process. This is followed by a high-level summary and
analysis of enacted and proposed appropriations for FY2020, compared to FY2019 funding
levels. The body of the report concludes with overview sections for each of the major titles of the
bil : DOL, HHS, ED, and Related Agencies (RA). These sections provide selected highlights
from FY2020 enacted and proposed funding levels compared to FY2019. (Note that the
distribution of funds is sometimes il ustrated by figures, which in al cases are based on the
FY2020 enacted version of the LHHS bil .1)
Appendix A provides a summary of budget enforcement activities for FY2020. This includes
information on the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA; P.L. 112-25) and sequestration, budget

1 T he dollars and percentages in each figure also are generally illustrative, except as noted, of the parallel distribution
of funds enacted in FY2019 and proposed by the FY2020 President’s budget, and the House committee -reported and
the Senate-passed bills.
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enforcement in the absence of an FY2020 budget resolution, subcommittee spending al ocations,
and current-year spending levels. This is followed by Appendix B, which provides an overview
of the LHHS-related floor amendments that were offered in the House during its consideration of
H.R. 2740. Appendix C provides an analysis of the supplemental discretionary LHHS
appropriations enacted for FY2020. For a detailed discussion of the FY2020 supplemental LHHS
COVID-19 response funding, see CRS Report R46353, COVID-19: Overview of FY2020 LHHS
Supplemental Appropriations.
Scope of the Report
This report focuses on appropriations to agencies and accounts that are subject to the jurisdiction
of the Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies subcommittees of the
House and Senate appropriations committees (i.e., accounts traditional y funded via the LHHS
bil ). Department “totals” provided in this report do not include funding for accounts or agencies
that are traditional y funded by appropriations bil s under the jurisdiction of other subcommittees.
The LHHS bil provides appropriations for the following federal departments and agencies:
 the Department of Labor;
 most agencies at the Department of Health and Human Services, except for the
Food and Drug Administration (funded through the Agriculture appropriations
bil ), the Indian Health Service (funded through the Interior-Environment
appropriations bil ), and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(also funded through the Interior-Environment appropriations bil );
 the Department of Education; and
 more than a dozen related agencies, including the Social Security Administration,
the Corporation for National and Community Service, the Corporation for Public
Broadcasting, the Institute of Museum and Library Services, the National Labor
Relations Board, and the Railroad Retirement Board.
Note also that funding totals displayed in this report do not reflect amounts provided outside of
the annual appropriations process. Certain direct spending programs, such as Social Security and
parts of Medicare, receive funding directly from their authorizing statutes; such funds are not
reflected in the totals provided in this report because they are not provided through the annual
appropriations process (see related discussion in the “Important Budget Concepts” section).
Important Budget Concepts
Mandatory vs. Discretionary Budget Authority2
The LHHS bil includes both discretionary and mandatory budget authority. While al
discretionary spending is subject to the annual appropriations process, only a portion of
mandatory spending is provided in appropriations measures.

2 For definitions of these and other budget terms, see U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO), A Glossary of
Term s Used in the Federal Budget Process, GAO-05-734SP, September 1, 2005, http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-
05-734SP. (T erms of interest may include appropriated entitlement, direct spending, discretionary, entitlement
authority, and mandatory.)
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Mandatory programs funded through the annual appropriations process are commonly referred to
as appropriated entitlements. In general, appropriators have little control over the amounts
provided for appropriated entitlements; rather, the authorizing statute controls the program
parameters (e.g., eligibility rules, benefit levels) that entitle certain recipients to payments. If
Congress does not appropriate the money necessary to meet these commitments, entitled
recipients (e.g., individuals, states, or other entities) may have legal recourse.3
Most mandatory spending is not provided through the annual appropriations process, but rather
through budget authority provided by the program’s authorizing statute (e.g., Social Security
benefits payments). The funding amounts in this report do not include budget authority provided
outside of the appropriations process. Instead, the amounts reflect only those funds, discretionary
and mandatory, that are provided through appropriations acts.
As displayed in this report, mandatory amounts for the FY2020 President’s budget submission
reflect current-law (or current services) estimates; they general y do not include the President’s
proposed changes to a mandatory spending program’s authorizing statute that might affect total
spending. (In general, such proposals are excluded from this report, as they typical y would be
enacted in authorizing legislation.)
The report focuses most closely on discretionary funding. This is because discretionary funding
receives the bulk of attention during the appropriations process. (As noted earlier, although the
LHHS bil includes more mandatory funding than discretionary funding, the appropriators
general y have less flexibility in adjusting mandatory funding levels than discretionary funding
levels.)
Mandatory and discretionary spending is subject to budget enforcement processes that include
sequestration. In general, sequestration involves largely across-the-board reductions that are made
to certain categories of discretionary or mandatory spending. However, the conditions that trigger
sequestration, and how it is carried out, differ for each type of spending. This is discussed further
in Appendix A.
Total Budget Authority Provided in the Bill vs. Total Budget Authority
Available in the Fiscal Year
Budget authority is the amount of money a federal agency is legal y authorized to commit or
spend. Appropriations bil s may include budget authority that becomes available in the current
fiscal year, in future fiscal years, or some combination. Amounts that become available in future
fiscal years are typical y referred to as advance appropriations.
Unless otherwise specified, appropriations levels displayed in this report refer to the total amount
of budget authority provided in an appropriations bill (i.e., “total in the bil ”), regardless of the
year in which the funding becomes available.4 In some cases, the report breaks out current-year
appropriations (i.e., the amount of budget authority available for obligation in a given fiscal year,
regardless of the year in which it was first appropriated).5

3 Sometimes appropriations measures include amendments to laws authorizing mandatory spending programs and
thereby change the amount of mandatory appropriations needed. Because such amendments are legislative in nature,
they may violate parliamentary rules separating authorizations and appropriations. For more information, see CRS
Report R42388, The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction .
4 Such figures include advance appropriations provided in the bill for future fiscal years, but do not include advance
appropriations provided in prior years’ appropriations bills that become available in the current year.
5 Such figures exclude advance appropriations for future years, but include advance appropriations from prior years that
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As the annual appropriations process unfolds, the amount of current-year budget authority is
measured against 302(b) al ocation ceilings (budget enforcement caps for appropriations
subcommittees that traditional y emerge following the budget resolution process). The process of
measuring appropriations against these spending ceilings takes into account scorekeeping
adjustments, which are made by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to reflect conventions
and special instructions of Congress.6 Unless otherwise specified, appropriations levels displayed
in this report do not reflect additional scorekeeping adjustments.
Status of FY2020 LHHS Appropriations
FY2020 Supplemental Appropriations
The legislative response to the global pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has
included the enactment of laws to provide authorities and supplemental funding to prevent,
prepare for, and respond to the pandemic. As of the date of this report, LHHS supplemental
appropriations for COVID-19 response have been enacted in four separate supplemental
appropriations measures, discussed below. These are discussed in detail in CRS Report R46353,
COVID-19: Overview of FY2020 LHHS Supplemental Appropriations.
In addition, supplemental discretionary LHHS appropriations to implement the United States-
Mexico-Canada Agreement were enacted prior to the COVID-19 outbreak.
See Appendix C for an analysis of the discretionary LHHS appropriations provided in these acts.
Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act (PPPHCEA,
Title I, Division B, H.R. 266; P.L. 116-139)
In April 2020, Congress and the President came to an agreement on a fourth COVID-19
supplemental appropriations act. Among other provisions, this act provided additional
supplemental appropriations to HHS for the Provider Relief Fund and to support COVID-19
testing.7 The legislative vehicle that was used for the agreement was H.R. 266, an unrelated
appropriations bil that had been passed previously by the House. On April 21, 2020, the measure
was laid before the Senate by unanimous consent and passed with a substitute amendment by
voice vote. The House adopted the Senate version of the proposal on April 23 by a vote of 388-5.8
The President signed the bil into law (P.L. 116-139) the following day.9 The bil provided $100
bil ion in supplemental LHHS funds for programs and activities at HHS.

become available in the given fiscal year.
6 For more information on scorekeeping, see CRS Report 98-560, Baselines and Scorekeeping in the Federal Budget
Process. See also a discussion of key scorekeeping guidelines included in the joint explanatory statement
accompanying the conference report to the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 ( H.Rept. 105-217, pp. 1007-1014).
7 T he CARES and PPPHCEA supplemental measures each provided funding for a “Provider Relief Fund” to assist
health care providers and facilities affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. For more information on the new fund, see
HHS, “CARES Act Provider Relief Fund” (the name given to t his fund by HHS), April 22, 2020, https://www.hhs.gov/
provider-relief/index.html.
8 House Committee on Appropriations, H.R. 622, Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act
Division B – Additional Emergency Appropriations for Coronavirus Response, April 21, 2020,
https://appropriations.house.gov/sites/democrats.appropriations.house.gov/files/
Interim%20Emergency%20Package%20Funds%20Hospitals%2C%20Health%20Workers%20and%20Testing.pdf.
9 See CRS Report R46325, Fourth COVID-19 Relief Package (P.L. 116-139): In Brief.
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act, Title VIII,
Division B, H.R. 748; P.L. 116-136)
On March 17, 2020, the Administration released a second request for FY2020 supplemental
appropriations of $45.8 bil ion for COVID-19 response, of which $11.1 bil ion was for LHHS
accounts and activities.10 Over the next several days, Congress and the Administration negotiated
the scope and scale of this legislative response, leading to enactment of a third COVID-19
response measure.
The legislative vehicle that was ultimately chosen for this package was H.R. 748, an unrelated
measure that had been passed previously by the House.11 Prior to when a deal was reached
between Congress and the Administration, the Senate voted on March 22 (47-47) and March 23
(49-46) not to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to H.R. 748.12 The measure was ultimately
laid before the Senate by unanimous consent and passed with a substitute amendment by a vote of
96-0 on March 25. The House subsequently took up the Senate amendment on March 27, and
agreed to it by a voice vote. The bil was signed into law (P.L. 116-136) by the President that
same day.13 Among other provisions, the bil provided $172.1 bil ion in supplemental LHHS
funds for various programs and activities at DOL, HHS, ED, and four LHHS related agencies (the
Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the Institute of Museum and Library Services, the Railroad
Retirement Board, and the Social Security Administration).
Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA, Title V, Division A, H.R.
6201; P.L. 116-127)
A second COVID-19 response measure was developed by Congress and the Administration soon
after the first (P.L. 116-123) was enacted. Initial y, H.R. 6201 was introduced by the Chair of the
House Appropriations Committee on March 11, 2020.14 The House amended and passed the
measure by a vote of 363-40 on March 14, but further alterations to the final legislative package
were negotiated over the next two days.15 On March 16, the House (by unanimous consent)

10 With regard to LHHS, the letter also explained that the Administration was seeking to amend its FY2 021 budget
request for CDC and NIH to provide them additional budgetary resources and authorities. Letter from Russell T .
Vought, Acting Director, Office of Management and Budget (OMB), to Vice President Michael Pence, March 17,
2020, https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Letter-regarding-additional-funding-to-support-the-
United-States-response-to-COVID-19-3.17.2020.pdf.
11 Prior to when H.R. 748 was determined to be the vehicle for the third COVID-19 response measure, the Senate
Majority Leader, Senator McConnell, introduced a proposal on March 19, 2020, that did not include supplemental
emergency-designated discretionary appropriations (S. 3548). Four days later, on March 23, 2020, the House
Appropriations Committee Chair introduced a proposal (H.R. 6379) that did include supplemental appropriations
(including for LHHS).
12 T he Senate Appropriations Committee released a summary of the supplemental appropriations in the measure
(Senate Appropriations Committee, $340 Billion Surge in Em ergency Funding to Com bat Coronavirus Outbreak ,
March 25, 2020, https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/
Coronavirus%20Supplemental%20Appropriations%20Summary_FINAL.pdf .)
13 CRS reports on the CARES Act are available on Congress.gov at https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/
house-bill/748 and https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/3548.
14 For a summary of the measure, see House Appropriations Comm ittee, H.R. 6201, FAMILIES FIRST
CORONAVIRUS RESPONSE ACT, Title-By-Title Sum m ary, March 11, 2020, https://appropriations.house.gov/sites/
democrats.appropriations.house.gov/files/Families%20First%20Summary%20FINAL.pdf.
15 For background, see John Bresnahan and Marianne Levine, “ Senate to take up coronavirus package after House
passes revised bill,” Politico, March 16, 2020, https://www.politico.com/news/2020/03/16/senate-coronavirus-
emergency-package-131465. See also “ DIRECT ING T HE CLERK OF T HE HOUSE OF REPRESENT AT IVES T O
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

considered and agreed to a resolution (H.Res. 904) that directed the Clerk to make changes to the
legislation when preparing the final, official version of the House-passed bil (engrossment). The
engrossed version was sent to the Senate and ultimately passed without amendment by a vote of
90-8 on March 18. The President signed the bil into law (P.L. 116-127) the same day.16 The bil
provided $1.25 bil ion in supplemental LHHS funds for programs and activities at HHS.
Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act,
2020 (Title III, Division A, H.R. 6074; P.L. 116-123)
On February 24, 2020, the Trump Administration sent Congress a request for supplemental
appropriations of $1.25 bil ion for the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund
(PHSSEF) at HHS.17 The request letter included a number of other proposals, largely but not
exclusively related to re-purposing existing funds toward response efforts. Al told, the
Administration estimated needing to al ocate approximately $2.5 bil ion toward COVID-19
response efforts. (For the most part, amounts for other LHHS aspects of the request general y
were unspecified in the publicly released request letter.)18
Several days after the Administration’s request, the Chair of the House Appropriations Committee
introduced H.R. 6074 on March 4, 2020. The measure passed the House that same day by a vote
of 415-2, passed the Senate on March 5 by a vote of 96-1, and was signed into law (P.L. 116-123)
on March 6.19 The bil provided approximately $6.4 bil ion in supplemental LHHS funds for
accounts and activities at HHS.
United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Supplemental Appropriations Act,
2019 (USMCA, Title IX, H.R. 5430; P.L. 116-113)
The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) was a trade agreement that was
introduced by the House Majority Leader, Representative Hoyer, on December 13, 2019 (H.R.
5430). The measure was passed by the House on December 19, 2019, by a vote of 385-41, and
the Senate on January 16, 2020, by a vote of 89-10. The bil was signed into law on January 29,
2020 (P.L. 116-113).
Supplemental discretionary appropriations carried in Title IX provided $210 mil ion to the
Department of Labor to implement the agreement.20

MAKE CORRECT IONS IN T HE ENGROSSMENT OF H.R. 6201,” Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 166,
no. 50 (March 16, 2020), pp. H1698-H1707.
16 CRS Reports on FFCRA are available on Congress.gov at https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/
6201.
17 T he PHSSEF is an account used by the HHS Secretary for one-time or short-term funding such as emergency
supplemental appropriations, and for some ongoing public health preparedness activities.
18 Letter from Russell T . Vought, Acting Director, Office of Management and Budget (OMB), to Vice President
Michael Pence, February 24, 2020, https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Coronavirus-
Supplemental-Request -Letter-Final.pdf.
19 A summary of provisions is provided in CRS Report R46285, Coronavirus Preparedness and Response
Supplem ental Appropriations Act, 2020 (P.L. 116 -123): First Coronavirus Supplem ental.
20 See CBO, “Estimate for H.R. 5430, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act, as introduced
on December 13, 2019, December 16, 2020, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2019-12/hr5430.pdf.
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FY2020 Annual LHHS Appropriations
Table 1 provides a timeline of major legislative actions for full-year LHHS proposals, which are
discussed in greater detail below
Table 1. Status of Full-Year LHHS Appropriations Legislation, FY2020
Subcommittee
Full Committee
Resolution of House and
Approval
Approval

Senate Differences

House
Senate
House
Senate
Initial
Initial
Conf.
Final
Final
Public
House
Senate
House
Senate Passage
Passage
Report
Passage
Passage
Law

4/30/19
H.R. 2740
H.R. 2740,

H.R. 1865, H.R. 1865,
P.L. 116-94
voice
H.Rept.
Division A
Division A Division A
12/20/19
vote
116-62
6/19/19
12/17/19
12/19/19
5/15/19
226-203
297-120
71-23
30-23
Source: CRS Appropriations Status Table.
FY2020 LHHS Omnibus (Division A, Further Consolidated Appropriations
Act, 2020, H.R. 1865; P.L. 116-94)
About one week prior to when the second FY2020 continuing resolution (CR) was scheduled to
expire, the House, Senate, and Trump Administration announced that it had reached a deal that
would fund al 12 appropriations bil s in two legislative packages (H.R. 1158 and H.R. 1865);
LHHS was funded in Division A of H.R. 1865. The Further Consolidated Appropriations Act,
2020 was agreed to by the House (297-120) on December 17, 2019, and by the Senate (71-23) on
December 19. The bil was signed into law on December 20 (P.L. 116-94).
LHHS discretionary appropriations in the FY2020 LHHS omnibus totaled $195.4 bil ion. This
amount is 3.2% more than FY2019 enacted and 17.4% more than the FY2020 President’s budget
request. The omnibus also provided $902.3 bil ion in mandatory funding, for a combined LHHS
total of $1.098 tril ion. (Note that these totals are based only on amounts provided by the FY2020
LHHS omnibus and do not include the supplemental funds, which were provided in addition to
the annual appropriations.)
See Figure 1 for a breakdown of FY2020 discretionary and mandatory LHHS appropriations.21

21 While the percentages in this figure were calculated based on amounts in the FY2020 LHHS omnibus, they are
generally also illustrative—within a few percentage points—of the share of mandatory and discretionary funds in
FY2019 and under the various FY2020 proposals (e.g., President’s budget and the House-committee bill).
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

Figure 1. FY2020 Enacted LHHS Appropriations

Source: Amounts in this figure are general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the
explanatory statement accompanying the FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional
Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019, pp. H11061-H11161. Enacted totals for FY2020 do not include
emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123, P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L.
116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this figure general y do not reflect mandatory
spending sequestration. CRS calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the
21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255).
Notes: Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this figure (1) reflect al budget authority
appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided for agencies
and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate appropriations
committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
FY2020 Continuing Resolutions (Division A, P.L. 116-59; Division A, P.L. 116-
69)
FY2020 LHHS appropriations were provided by two continuing resolutions (CRs) until the
enactment of the LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94) on December 20, 2019.22
The first CR (Division A of H.R. 4378; P.L. 116-59) was enacted on September 27, 2019. The CR
provided continuing appropriations for al 12 annual appropriations acts (including LHHS)
through November 21, 2019. In general, the CR funded discretionary programs at the same rate
and under the same conditions as in FY2019 (§ 101) and annual y appropriated entitlements at
their current law levels (§111). It also included several anomalies that were specific to LHHS
accounts or activities (§§137-139).23
The second CR (Division A of H.R. 3055; P.L. 116-69) was enacted on November 21, 2019. This
law extended the prior FY2020 CR through December 20, 2019. (None of the few additional
anomalies added by Division A were LHHS-specific.)

22 For an overview of CRs, see CRS Report R42647, Continuing Resolutions: Overview of Components and Practices.
23 For further information on the continuing appropriations provided by P.L. 116-59, see CRS Report R45982,
Overview of Continuing Appropriations for FY2020 (P.L. 116 -59).
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Earlier Congressional Action on an LHHS Bill
FY2020 LHHS Action in the Senate (Division A, H.R. 2740)
The FY2020 LHHS bil did not receive subcommittee, full committee, or initial floor
consideration in the Senate prior to its enactment.
With regard to committee consideration, the Senate Appropriations Committee scheduled a
markup for September 10, 2019, but that markup was indefinitely postponed prior to when it was
to occur.24 (The initial LHHS subcommittee al ocation (S.Rept. 116-104) that was adopted by the
Senate Appropriations Committee on September 12, 2019 is discussed in Appendix A.) Senator
Blunt, Chair of the Senate LHHS Subcommittee subsequently released the text of a draft LHHS
bil and accompanying committee report on September 18.25
The Senate Majority Leader, Senator McConnel , presented cloture on the motion to proceed to
H.R. 2740, the House-passed version of the LHHS bil , on September 16. The Senate voted not to
invoke cloture (51-44) on September 18. Cloture was not invoked a second time (51-41) on
October 31.
FY2020 LHHS Action in the House (Division A, H.R. 2740)
The House Appropriations Committee’s LHHS subcommittee approved its draft bil on April 30,
2019, by a voice vote. The full committee markup was held on May 8 and the bil was ordered to
be reported that same day (30-23). The bil was subsequently reported to the House on May 15
(H.R. 2740, H.Rept. 116-62). This is the earliest the LHHS bil (including its predecessor under
prior jurisdictional arrangements) has been reported to the House since the current budget process
was first implemented in FY1976. The FY2020 LHHS bil and FY2020 Military Construction,
Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations bil (H.R. 2745) were the first to be
reported to the House during the FY2020 cycle. The last time LHHS was the first bil reported by
the House Appropriations Committee was FY1980, though in that year the bil was one of three
reported on the same day.
As reported by the full committee, the bil would have provided $204.3 bil ion in discretionary
LHHS funds, a 7.9% increase from FY2019 enacted levels. This amount would have been 22.7%
more than the FY2020 President’s request. In addition, the House committee bil would have
provided an estimated $902.3 bil ion in mandatory funding, for a combined total of $1.107 tril ion
for LHHS as a whole.
The House began consideration of the FY2020 LHHS bil the week of June 10. To do this, the
House took up the FY2020 LHHS bil reported from committee (H.R. 2740) and amended it into
a four-bil omnibus, with LHHS appropriations in Division A.26 Of the 73 LHHS amendments

24 Senate Appropriations Committee, “Appropriations Schedule for the Week of September 9, 2019,” September 6,
2019, https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/newsroom/press-releases/appropriations-schedule-for-the-week-of-
september-9-2019.
25 See Senate Appropriations Committee, “Blunt Releases FY2020 Labor, HHS, & Education Appropriations Bill,”
September 18, 2019, https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/news/fy2020-labor-hhs-and-education-appropriations-bill-
released.
26 T he four appropriations acts that received floor consideration via H.R. 2740 were LHHS (Division A); Department
of Defense (Division B); Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies (Division C); and Department of State,
Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (Division D). T wo special rules were adopted that affected the consideration
of LHHS appropriations in Division A: H.Res. 431 and H.Res. 436.
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offered to Division A, 64 were adopted and the remaining 9 were withdrawn or defeated. The
House passed the LHHS omnibus by a vote of 226-203 on June 19. Because there is no publicly-
available source that estimates the account-level budgetary effects of the amendments adopted to
Division A, this report provides analysis of the House Committee-reported version of the LHHS
bill. For information on the LHHS amendments offered during floor consideration, see Appendix
B.
FY2020 President’s Budget Request
On March 11, 2019, the Trump Administration released the initial FY2020 President’s budget.27
The President requested $166.5 bil ion in discretionary funding for accounts funded by the LHHS
bil , which would have been a decrease of 12.1% from FY2019 levels. In addition, the President
requested $900.4 bil ion in annual y appropriated mandatory funding, for a total of $1.067 tril ion
for LHHS as a whole.
Conclusion of the FY2019 Appropriations Process
During the 115th Congress, on September 28, 2018, the President signed into law the Department
of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 and
Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019 (H.R. 6157, P.L. 115-245). This was the first occasion since
the FY1997 appropriations cycle that full-year LHHS appropriations were enacted on or before
the start of the fiscal year (October 1). The conference report (H.Rept. 115-952) was adopted by
the Senate on September 18, and the House on September 26. The bil provided regular, full-year
appropriations for the Department of Defense (Division A) and LHHS (Division B)
appropriations acts.
LHHS discretionary appropriations in the FY2019 omnibus totaled $189.4 bil ion. This amount
was 1.5% more than FY2018 enacted and 8.9% more than the FY2019 President’s budget
request. The omnibus also provided $869.8 bil ion in mandatory funding, for a combined LHHS
total of $1.059 tril ion. (Note that these totals are based only on amounts provided by the FY2019
LHHS omnibus and do not include the supplemental funds, which were provided in addition to
the annual appropriations.)28

27 T he initial set of budget materials was released on March 11, 2019, and additional agency materials were released in
the following weeks, including many on March 18, 2019. In addition, on May 13, the President submitted two budget
amendments that would affect portions of the initial request , though these amendments did not affect the net budget
authority totals proposed in the initial FY2020 request. T he LHHS budget amendments proposed authorizing (1) the
HHS National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities to implement a reorganization plan and (2) certain
funds in the HHS General Departmental Management account to be available for specified activities carried out by the
Departmental Appeals Board.
28 For further information, see CRS Report R45869, Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2019
Appropriations.
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Summary of FY2020 LHHS Appropriations
Dollars and Percentages in this Report
Amounts displayed in this report are typical y rounded to the nearest mil ion or bil ion (as labeled). Dol ar and
percentage changes discussed in the text are based on unrounded amounts.
Unless otherwise specified, appropriations levels displayed in this report refer to the total amount of budget
authority provided in an appropriations bil (i.e., “total in the bil ”), regardless of the year in which the funding
becomes available.
Amounts for FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted are general y drawn from or calculated based
on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2020 LHHS omnibus ( P.L. 116-94), available
in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019, pp. H11061-H11161.
Amounts for the FY2020 House Committee-reported bil are general y drawn from or calculated based on data
contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Throughout this report, the
FY2020 House Appropriations Committee-reported LHHS bil is commonly referred to as the House “committee
bil .” (This report does not contain estimates of the House-passed version of H.R. 2740, as there is no publicly-
available source that estimates the account-level budgetary effects of the adopted amendments. However,
information on the LHHS amendments offered during floor consideration can be found in Appendix B.)
Enacted totals for FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L.
116-26. Enacted totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113,
P.L. 116-123, P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For informational purposes, FY2019 and FY2020 enacted
supplemental amounts are displayed separately at the bottom of tables throughout the report and not summed.
One exception to this rule is made in Table A-1, which includes FY2019 and FY2020 enacted supplemental funds
in the “Adjusted Appropriations” totals, as scored by the Congressional Budget Office. In addition, further details
on the FY2020 supplemental appropriations can be found in Appendix C.
For consistency with source materials, the FY2019 and FY2020 numbers in this report general y do not reflect
actual or anticipated postenactment budgetary adjustments, except as noted.29 CRS calculations do, however,
include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255).
Table 2 displays FY2020 discretionary and mandatory LHHS budget authority provided or
proposed, by bil title, along with FY2019 enacted levels. The amounts shown in this table reflect
total budget authority provided in the annual LHHS bil (i.e., al funds appropriated in the bil ,
regardless of the fiscal year in which the funds become available), not total budget authority
available for the current fiscal year. (For a comparable table showing current-year budget
authority, see Table A-2. Note that the totals in this table do not include emergency supplemental
appropriations; amounts provided in supplementals are displayed separately at the bottom of the
table and are in addition to regular appropriations. For a discussion of the FY2020 supplemental
appropriations displayed below the bil totals in Table 2, see Appendix C.)

29 T he general practice for CRS reports on the LHHS bill has been to reflect conventions used in source materials.
T hese conventions have varied over the years. For instance, CRS reports on LHHS appropriations for FY2012-FY2015
generally relied on source materials that adjusted appropriations amounts in the prior -year column to reflect
sequestration, reestimates of mandatory spending, transfers, reprogramming, and other adjustments for compar ability.
However, the FY2016 version of this report broke from that practice due to differing display conventions in source
documents, and did not reflect any such adjustments (except sequestration for the Prevention and Public Health Fund
(PPHF)). T he FY2017 version of this report differed from both of these prior practices, in that it reflected a smaller
subset of transfers (generally concentrated at the National Institutes of Health) and other adjustments for comparability
(e.g., program moves from one account to another), but not reprogramming of funds or mandatory sequestration
(except sequestration of the PPHF). T he FY2108 and FY2019 versions of this report, however, relied on source
materials that generally did not reflect any transfers or other budgetary adjustments pursuant to administrative
authorities except PPHF sequestration. T he source materials used for the FY2020 report version, and thus the numbers
in this report, continue this most recent approach.
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Table 2. LHHS Appropriations Overview by Bill Title, FY2019-FY2020
(Total budget authority provided in the bil , in bil ions of dol ars)
FY2020
House
FY2020
FY2019
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
Bill Title
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 2740)
(P.L. 116-94)
Title I: Labor
13.6
12.3
14.7
13.8
Discretionary
12.1
10.9
13.3
12.4
Mandatory
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
Title II: HHS
899.2
916.1
939.3
934.8
Discretionary
90.5
78.1
99.4
94.9
Mandatory
808.7
838.0
840.0
839.9
Title III: Education
75.0
67.6
79.5
76.4
Discretionary
71.4
64.0
75.9
72.8
Mandatory
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.6
Title IV: Related Agencies
71.5
70.9
73.1
72.7
Discretionary
15.3
13.5
15.7
15.4
Mandatory
56.2
57.3
57.3
57.3
Total BA in the Bill
1,059.2
1,066.9
1,106.6
1,097.7
Discretionary
189.4
166.5
204.3
195.4
Mandatory
869.8
900.4
902.3
902.3
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
0.5
—
—
—
P.L. 116-26 (emergency)
2.9
—
—
—
P.L. 116-113 (emergency)
—
—
—
0.2
P.L. 116-123 (emergency)
—
—
—
6.4
P.L. 116-127 (emergency)
—
—
—
1.3
P.L. 116-136 (emergency)
—
—
—
172.1
P.L. 116-139 (emergency)
—
—
—
100.0
Memoranda (non-emergency funds only):

Advances for Future Years
186.7
188.3
189.1
189.1
(provided in current bil )a
Advances from Prior Years
183.3
186.2
186.7
186.7
(for use in current year)a
Additional Scorekeeping Adjustmentsb
-9.4
-24.8
-12.6
-10.5
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
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do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or
reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities. CRS calculations do, however, include LHHS funding
provided to HHS pursuant to the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s. No
amounts are shown for Title V, because this title consists solely of general provisions.
a. Totals in this table are based on budget authority provided in the bil (i.e., they exclude advance
appropriations from prior bil s and include advance appropriations from this bil made available in future
years). The calculation for total budget authority available in the current year is as fol ows: Total BA in the
Bil , minus Advances for Future Years, plus Advances from Prior Years.
b. Totals in this table have general y not been adjusted for further scorekeeping. (To adjust for scorekeeping,
add this line to the total budget authority.)
Figure 2 displays the FY2020 enacted discretionary and mandatory LHHS funding levels, by bil
title. (While the dollars and percentages discussed in this section were calculated based on the
FY2020 enacted amounts, they are general y also il ustrative—within several percentage points—
of the share of funds directed to each bil title in FY2019 and under the other FY2020 proposals.)
As this figure demonstrates, HHS accounts for the largest share of total FY2020 LHHS
appropriations: $934.8 bil ion, or 85.2%. This is due to the large amount of mandatory funding
included in the HHS appropriation, the majority of which is for Medicaid grants to states and
payments to health care trust funds. After HHS, ED and the Related Agencies represent the next-
largest shares of total LHHS funding, accounting for 7.0% and 6.6%, respectively. (The majority
of the ED appropriations each year are discretionary, while the bulk of funding for the Related
Agencies goes toward mandatory payments and administrative costs of the Supplemental Security
Income program at the Social Security Administration.) DOL accounts for the smal est share of
total LHHS funds, 1.3%.
The overal composition of LHHS funding is noticeably different when comparing only
discretionary appropriations. HHS accounts for a comparatively smal er share of total
discretionary appropriations (48.6%), while ED accounts for a relatively larger share (37.2%).
Together, these two departments represent the majority (85.8%) of discretionary LHHS
appropriations. DOL and the Related Agencies account for a roughly even split of the remaining
14.2% of discretionary LHHS funds.
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Figure 2. FY2020 Enacted LHHS Appropriations by Title

Source: Amounts in this figure are general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the
explanatory statement accompanying the FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional
Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019, pp. H11061-H11161. Enacted totals for FY2020 do not include
emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123, P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L.
116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this figure general y do not reflect mandatory
spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant
to executive authorities. CRS calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to th e
21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255).
Notes: Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this figure (1) reflect al BA appropriated in
the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include advances from prior-
year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2) have general y not
been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided for agencies and accounts subject
to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate appropriations committees; and (4) do
not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
Department of Labor (DOL)
Note that al amounts in this section are based on regular LHHS appropriations only. Amounts in
this section do not include mandatory funds provided outside of the annual appropriations process
(e.g., direct appropriations for Unemployment Insurance benefits payments). Al amounts in this
section are rounded to the nearest mil ion or bil ion (as labeled). The dollar changes and
percentage changes discussed in the text are based on unrounded amounts. For consistency with
source materials, amounts do not reflect sequestration or reestimates of mandatory spending
programs, where applicable.
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About DOL
DOL is a federal department comprised of multiple entities that provide services related to
employment and training, worker protection, income security, and contract enforcement. Annual
LHHS appropriations laws direct funding to al DOL entities (see the text box).31 The DOL
entities fal primarily into two main functional areas—workforce development and worker
protection. First, there are several DOL
entities that administer workforce employment
DOL Entities Funded via the
and training programs—such as the Workforce
LHHS Appropriations Process
Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) state
Employment and Training Administration (ETA)
formula grant programs, Job Corps, and the
Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA)
Employment Service—that provide direct
Wage and Hour Division (WHD)
funding for employment activities or
Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs
administration of income security programs
(OFCCP)
(e.g., for the Unemployment Insurance
Office of Labor-Management Standards (OLMS)
benefits program). Also included in this area is
Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP)
the Veterans’ Employment and Training
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Service (VETS), which provides employment
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
services specifical y for the veteran
population. Second, there are several agencies
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
that provide various worker protection
Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP)
services. For example, the Occupational
Departmental Management (DM)30
Safety and Health Administration (OSHA),
the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), and the Wage and Hour Division (WHD)
provide different types of regulation and oversight of working conditions. DOL entities focused
on worker protection provide services to ensure worker safety, adherence to wage and overtime
laws, and contract compliance, among other duties. In addition to these two main functional
areas, DOL’s Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects data and provides analysis on the labor
market and related labor issues.
FY2020 DOL Appropriations Overview
Table 3 general y displays FY2020 discretionary and mandatory DOL budget authority provided
or proposed, along with FY2019 enacted levels. The totals in this table do not include emergency
supplemental appropriations; amounts provided in supplementals are displayed separately at the
bottom of the table and are in addition to regular appropriations. For a discussion of the FY2020
supplemental appropriations displayed below the bil totals in Table 3, see Appendix C.
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus increased discretionary appropriations for DOL by $291 mil ion
(+2.4%) compared to the FY2019 enacted levels. Discretionary DOL appropriations would have
increased by $1.2 bil ion (+9.9%) under the FY2020 House committee bil , compared to FY2019,
but would have decreased under the FY2020 President’s budget request by $1.2 bil ion (-10.0%).
Of the total funding provided in the bil for DOL, roughly 90% is discretionary.

30 Departmental Management includes the DOL salaries and expenses, Veterans Employment and T raining Service
(VET S), IT Modernization, and the Office of the Inspector General.
31 T he Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) is funded primarily through insurance premiums and related fees
from companies covered by the PBGC.
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Table 3. DOL Appropriations Overview
(Dol ars in bil ions)
FY2020
FY2020
House
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
Cmte.
(P.L.
Funding
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 2740)
116-94)
Discretionary
12.1
10.9
13.3
12.4
Mandatory
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
Total BA in the Bill
13.6
12.3
14.7
13.8
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
0.1
—
—
—
P.L. 116-26 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-113 (emergency)
—
—
—
0.2
P.L. 116-123 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-127 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-136 (emergency)
—
—
—
0.4
P.L. 116-139 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or
reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senat e
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
Selected DOL Highlights
The following sections present highlights from FY2020 enacted and proposed appropriations
compared to FY2019 enacted appropriations for selected DOL accounts and programs.32
Table 4 displays funding for DOL programs and activities discussed in this section.
Employment and Training Administration (ETA)
ETA administers the primary federal workforce development law, the Workforce Innovation and
Opportunity Act (WIOA, P.L. 113-128). The WIOA, which replaced the Workforce Investment
Act, was signed into law in July 2014 and authorized appropriations for its programs through
FY2020. WIOA’s provisions went into effect in FY2015 and FY2016.

32 DOL budget materials can be found at https://www.dol.gov/general/aboutdol#budget.
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Title I of WIOA, which authorizes more than half of al funding for the programs authorized by
the four titles of WIOA, includes three state formula grant programs serving Adults, Youth, and
Dislocated Workers. While the FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided a $30 mil ion increase (+1.1%)
for the three WIOA state formula grant programs compared to FY2019, the President’s budget
would have provided level funding and the House committee bil would have increased funding
by $178 mil ion (+6.4%), compared to FY2019 enacted levels.
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $271 mil ion for the Dislocated Workers Activities
National Reserve (DWA National Reserve), which was an increase of $50 mil ion (+22.6%)
compared to the FY2019 enacted level. The FY2020 President’s budget would have reduced
funding for the DWA National Reserve by $86 mil ion (-39.0%) but the House committee bil
would have increased DWA National Reserve funding by $150 mil ion (+67.9%), compared to
the FY2019 enacted level. In addition, the FY2020 LHHS omnibus maintained a provision in that
account (which originated in the FY2018 omnibus and was included in the FY2019 omnibus)
directing $30 mil ion from the DWA National Reserve toward training and employment
assistance for workers dislocated in both the Appalachian and lower Mississippi regions. Final y,
the FY2020 LHHS omnibus included a new provision directing $40 mil ion from the DWA
National Reserve to be used in developing, offering, or improving career training programs at
community colleges.
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $175 mil ion for the Apprenticeship Grant program, which
is $15 mil ion (+9.4%) more than the level enacted in FY2019. The FY2020 President’s budget
would have maintained the same level of funding for the Apprenticeship Grant program as the
FY2019 enacted level and the House committee bil would have increased funding by $90 mil ion
(+56.3%) compared to the FY2019 enacted level.
Four ETA programs for which the FY2020 President’s budget proposed no funding—the Native
Americans program, the Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers program, the Community Service
Employment for Older Americans (CSEOA) program, and the Workforce Data Quality
Initiative—received FY2020 appropriations at roughly the same level as FY2019.
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $655 mil ion for BLS, which was an increase of $40
mil ion (+6.5%) from the FY2019 enacted level and the same amount requested in the FY2020
President’s budget but $21 mil ion (-3.1%) less than the amount proposed in the House
committee bil . The FY2020 President’s budget indicates that the additional $40 mil ion was
requested, and should remain available until September 30, 2024, for necessary costs associated
with the physical relocation of BLS headquarters to the Suitland Federal Complex. Similarly, the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus directed BLS to use $27 mil ion for costs associated with this move. As
noted in the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2020 LHHS omnibus, the remainder of
the increase ($13 mil ion) is to be used to support an annual supplement to the Current Population
Survey (CPS) to collect data on contingent workers every two years and other topics in the
alternate years, to restore the production of labor market data in the Local Area Unemployment
Statistics (LAUS) program for New England Minor Civil Divisions with populations less than
1,000, and to plan and develop a new National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) c ohort.33

33 Explanatory statement accompanying the FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional
Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019, pp. H11063.
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Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB)
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $96 mil ion for ILAB, which was an increase of $10
mil ion (+11.6%) from the FY2019 enacted level. The House committee bil would have provided
$122 mil ion for ILAB, an increase of $36 mil ion (+41.8%) over the FY2019 enacted level. The
FY2020 President’s budget would have decreased funding by $68 mil ion (-78.5%) for ILAB,
which provides research, advocacy, technical assistance, and grants to promote workers’ rights in
different parts of the world. Language in the FY2020 President’s budget indicated that the
proposed reduction reflected a $59.8 mil ion decrease to eliminate new grants and a $7.8 mil ion
decrease to reduce staff levels, with the remaining $19 mil ion to be used on “efforts to make U.S.
trade agreements fair for U.S. workers by monitoring and enforcing the labor provisions of free
trade agreements (FTAs) and trade preference programs to ensure a fair global playing field for
U.S. workers and businesses.”34
Labor-Related General Provisions
Annual LHHS appropriations acts regularly contain general provisions related to certain labor
issues. This section highlights selected DOL general provisions in the FY2020 LHHS omnibus.
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus continued several provisions that have been included in at least one
previous LHHS appropriations act, including provisions that
 exempt certain insurance claims adjusters from overtime protection for two years
following a “major disaster” (included since FY2016);35
 direct the Secretary of Labor to accept private wage surveys as part of the process
of determining prevailing wages in the H-2B program, even in instances in which
relevant wage data are available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (included
since FY2016);36
 authorize the Secretary of Labor to provide up to $2 mil ion in “excess personal
property” to apprenticeship programs to assist training apprentices (included
since FY2018);37
 authorize the Secretary of Labor to employ law enforcement officers or special
agents to provide protection to the Secretary of Labor and certain other
employees and family members at public events and in situations in which there
is a “unique and articulable” threat of physical harm (included since FY2018);38
and
 authorize the Secretary of Labor to dispose of or divest “by any means the
Secretary determines appropriate” al or part of the real property on which the
Treasure Island Job Corps Center is located (included since FY2018).39

34 See https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/general/budget/2020/CBJ-2020-V3-02.pdf, DM-38.
35 See Division A, T itle I, §108 of P.L. 116-94.
36 See Division A, T itle I, §110 of P.L. 116-94. T he H-2B program allows for the temporary employment of foreign
workers in nonagricultural sectors and requires these workers to be paid the “prevailing wage” (i.e., the average wage
paid to similar workers in the local area). Under DOL regulations, private employer surveys may be considered only if
the employer meets certain conditions.
37 See Division A, T itle I, §112 of P.L. 116-94.
38 See Division A, T itle I, §113 of P.L. 116-94.
39 See Division A, T itle I, §114 of P.L. 116-94.
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Table 4. Detailed DOL Appropriations
(Dol ars in mil ions)
FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L. 116-
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
2740)
94)
ETA—Mandatorya
790
680
680
680
ETA—Discretionary
9,116
7,893
9,934
9,293
Discretionary ETA Programs:

Training and Employment Services:
3,503
3,247
3,978
3,611
State Formula Grants:
2,790
2,790
2,967
2,820
Adult Activities Grants to States
846
846
900
855
Youth Activities Grants to States
903
903
964
913
Dislocated Worker Activities (DWA)
Grants to States
1,041
1,041
1,103
1,052
National Activities:
713
458
1,010
791
DWA National Reserve
221
135
371
271
Native Americans
55
0
55
55
Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers
89
0
99
92
YouthBuild
90
85
128
95
Reintegration of Ex-Offenders
93
78
100
98
Workforce Data Quality Initiative
6
0
8
6
Apprenticeship Grants
160
160
250
175
Job Corps
1,719
1,016
1,869
1,744
Community Service Employment for Older Americans
400
0
464
405
State Unemployment Insurance and Employment
Service Operations (SUI/ESO):
3,336
3,476
3,466
3,375
Unemployment Compensation
2,528
2,663
2,630
2,553
Employment Service
683
683
702
690
Foreign Labor Certification
62
71
71
69
One-Stop Career Centers
63
59
63
63
ETA Program Administration
159
154
159
159
Employee Benefits Security Administration
181
194
183
181
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp, (PBGC) program
level (non-add)b
(445)
(453)
(453)
(453)
Wage and Hour Division
229
233
298
242
Office of Labor-Management Standards
41
49
40
43
Office of Federal Contract Compliance
Programs
103
104
120
106
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FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L. 116-
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
2740)
94)
Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs—
Mandatoryc
642
695
695
695
Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs—
Discretionary
118
118
121
118
Occupational Safety & Health Administration
558
558
661
582
Mine Safety & Health Administration
374
376
417
380
Bureau of Labor Statistics
615
655
676
655
Office of Disability Employment Policy
38
27
39
39
Departmental Management
751
700
832
776
Salaries and Expenses
338
267
383
348
International Labor Affairs (non-addd)
86
19
122
96
Veterans Employment and Training
300
306
316
311
IT Modernization
23
37
37
25
Office of the Inspector General
89
90
96
91
Total, DOL BA in the Bill
13,555
12,280
14,696
13,789
Subtotal, Mandatory
1,432
1,375
1,375
1,375
Subtotal, Discretionary
12,123
10,905
13,322
12,414
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
50
—
—
—
P.L. 116-26 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-113 (emergency)
—
—
—
210
P.L. 116-123 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-127 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-136 (emergency)
—
—
—
360
P.L. 116-139 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
Memoranda (non-emergency funds only)

Total, BA Available in Fiscal Year (current year from
any bil )
13,556
12,366
14,696
13,789
Total, BA Advances for Future Years (provided in
current bil )
1,786
1,700
1,786
1,786
Total, BA Advances from Prior Years (for use in
current year)
1,787
1,786
1,786
1,786
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
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P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or
reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
a. Mandatory funding within ETA goes to Federal Unemployment Benefits and Al owances (FUBA) and
Advances to the Unemployment Trust Fund (UTF), if any. FUBA funds Trade Adjustment Assistance for
Workers (TAA).
b. PBGC funding is provided outside the LHHS Appropriations Act.

c. Mandatory programs in the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs include Special Benefits
(comprising the Federal Employees’ Compensation Benefits and the Longshore and Harbor Workers’
Benefits), Special Benefits for Disabled Coal Miners, Energy Employees Occupational Il ness Compensation
(Administrative Expenses), and the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund.
d. The funding for International Labor Affairs is included in the Salaries and E xpenses total.
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Note that al amounts in this section are based on regular LHHS appropriations only; they do not
include funds for HHS agencies provided through other appropriations bil s (e.g., funding for the
Food and Drug Administration) or outside of the annual appropriations process (e.g., direct
appropriations for Medicare or mandatory funds provided by authorizing laws, such as the Patient
Protection and Affordable Care Act [ACA, P.L. 111-148]).40 Al amounts in this section are
rounded to the nearest mil ion or bil ion (as labeled). The dollar changes and percentage changes
discussed in the text are based on unrounded amounts. For consistency with source materials,
amounts do not reflect sequestration or re-estimates of mandatory spending programs, where
applicable.
HHS Agencies Funded via the
About HHS
LHHS Appropriations Process
Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
HHS is a large federal department composed
of multiple agencies working to enhance the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
health and wel -being of Americans. Annual
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
LHHS appropriations laws direct funding to
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration (SAMHSA)
most (but not al ) HHS agencies (see text box
for HHS agencies supported by the LHHS
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
bil ).
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
41 For instance, the LHHS bil directs
funding to five Public Health Service (PHS)
Administration for Children and Families (ACF)
agencies: the Health Resources and Services
Administration for Community Living (ACL)
Administration (HRSA), Centers for Disease
Office of the Secretary (OS)

40 T he ACA was subsequently amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act ( P.L. 111-152). These
two laws are collectively referred to as the ACA in this report. (Previous CRS reports on the Patient Protection and
Affordable Care Act used the acronym PPACA to refer to the statute, but newer reports will use “ACA,” in
conformance with the more widely used acronym for the law.) For information on funding directly appropriated by the
ACA, see the tables in CRS Report R41301, Appropriations and Fund Transfers in the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
41 T hree HHS public health agencies receive annual funding from appropriations bills other than the LHHS bill: the
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Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Substance Abuse and Mental
Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
(AHRQ).42 These public health agencies support diverse missions, ranging from the provision of
health care services and supports (e.g., HRSA, SAMHSA), to the advancement of health care
quality and medical research (e.g., AHRQ, NIH), to the prevention and control of infectious and
chronic diseases (e.g., CDC). In addition, the LHHS bill provides funding for annual y
appropriated components of CMS,43 which is the HHS agency responsible for the administration
of Medicare, Medicaid, the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), and consumer
protections and private health insurance provisions of the ACA.
The LHHS bil also provides funding for two HHS agencies focused primarily on the provision of
social services: the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) and the Administration for
Community Living (ACL). ACF’s mission is to promote the economic and social wel -being of
vulnerable children, youth, families, and communities. ACL was formed with a goal of increasing
access to community supports for older Americans and people with disabilities.44 The LHHS bil
also provides funding for the HHS Office of the Secretary (OS), which encompasses a broad
array of management, research, oversight, and emergency preparedness functions in support of
the entire department.
FY2020 HHS Appropriations Overview
Table 5 displays enacted and proposed FY2020 funding levels for HHS, along with FY2019
levels. Note that the totals in this table do not include emergency supplemental appropriations;
amounts provided in supplementals are displayed separately at the bottom of the table and are in
addition to regular appropriations. For a discussion of the FY2020 supplemental appropriations
displayed below the bil totals in Table 5, see Appendix C.
In general, discretionary funds account for about 10% of HHS appropriations in the LHHS bil .
Compared to the FY2019 funding levels, the FY2020 LHHS omnibus increased HHS
discretionary appropriations by 4.9%. The House committee bil would have increased HHS
discretionary appropriations to a greater degree, by 9.8%, while the President requested a 13.7%
decrease in discretionary HHS funding.

Food and Drug Administration (funded through the Agriculture appropriations bill), the Indian Health Service (funded
through the Interior-Environment appropriations bill), and the Agency for T oxic Substances and Disease Registry
(funded through the Interior-Environment appropriations bill). In addition, while the National Institutes of Health
(NIH) receive the majority of their appropriations fro m the LHHS bill, one NIH institute (the National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences) receives appropriations from two bills: LHHS and the Interior -Environment bill.
42 For more information on HHS PHS agencies, see CRS Report R44916, Public Health Service Agencies: Overview
and Funding (FY2016-FY2018).
43 Much of the funding for CMS activities is provided through mandatory appropriations in authorizing legislation, and
thus is not subject to the annual appropriations process.
44 ACL was established in 2012 by consolidating the Administration on Aging, the Office of Disability, and the
Administration on Developmental Disabilities (renamed the Administration on Intellectual and Developmental
Disabilities) into one agency. See the HHS Secretary’s press release from April 16, 2012: http://www.hhs.gov/news/
press/2012pres/04/20120416a.html. For more information on the ACL, see http://www.hhs.gov/acl/.
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Table 5. HHS Appropriations Overview
(Dol ars in bil ions)
FY2020
FY2020
FY2019
FY2020
House Cmte.
Enacted (P.L.
Funding
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 2740)
116-94)
Discretionary
90.5
78.1
99.4
94.9
Mandatory
808.7
838.0
840.0
839.9
Total BA in the Bill
899.2
916.1
939.3
934.8
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
0.3
—
—
—
P.L. 116-26 (emergency)
2.9
—
—
—
P.L. 116-113 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-123 (emergency)
—
—
—
6.4
P.L. 116-127 (emergency)
—
—
—
1.3
P.L. 116-136 (emergency)
—
—
—
140.4
P.L. 116-139 (emergency)
—
—
—
100
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they general y reflect transfers or
reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities. CRS calculations do, however, include LHHS funding
provided to HHS pursuant to the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
Figure 3 provides an HHS agency-level breakdown of FY2020 enacted appropriations. As this
figure demonstrates, annual HHS appropriations are dominated by mandatory funding, the
majority of which goes to CMS to provide Medicaid benefits and payments to health care trust
funds. When taking into account both mandatory and discretionary funding, CMS accounts for
$828.3 bil ion, which is 88.6% of al enacted appropriations for HHS. NIH and ACF account for
the next-largest shares of total HHS appropriations, receiving about 4.3% and 4.2% apiece.
By contrast, when looking exclusively at discretionary appropriations, funding for CMS
constitutes about 4.7% of FY2020 enacted HHS appropriations. Instead, the bulk of discretionary
appropriations went to the PHS agencies, which account for 63.4% of discretionary
appropriations provided for HHS.45 NIH typical y receives the largest share of al discretionary

45 For further information about PHS agency funding, see CRS Report R44916, Public Health Service Agencies:
Overview and Funding (FY2016-FY2018).
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funding among HHS agencies (42.2% in FY2020), with ACF accounting for the second-largest
share (25.8% in FY2020).
Figure 3. FY2020 Enacted HHS Appropriations by Agency

Source: Amounts in this figure are general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the
explanatory statement accompanying the FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional
Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019, pp. H11061-H11161. Enacted totals for FY2020 do not include
emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123, P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L.
116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this figure general y do not reflect mandatory
spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they general y reflect transfers or reprogramming of funds
pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: Details may not add to totals due to rounding. The bar representing the combined mandatory and
discretionary total for CMS has been abbreviated due to space constraints. When taking into account both
mandatory and discretionary funding, CMS receives over 20 times the funding appropriated to either ACF or
NIH in the FY2019 LHHS omnibus. Amounts in this table (1) reflect al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of
the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include advances from prior-year appropriations, but
do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2) have general y not been adjusted to reflect
scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested) for agencies and accounts subject to the
jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate appropriations committees; and (4) do not
include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
Special Public Health Funding Mechanisms
Annual appropriations for HHS public health service agencies are best understood in the context
of certain HHS-specific funding mechanisms: the Public Health Service Evaluation Set-Aside,
and the Prevention and Public Health Fund (PPHF). In recent years, LHHS appropriations have
used these funding mechanisms to direct additional support to certain programs and activities.
Public Health Service Evaluation Tap
The PHS Evaluation Set-Aside, also known as the PHS Evaluation Tap, is a unique feature of
HHS appropriations. It is authorized by Section 241 of the Public Health Service Act (PHSA),
and al ows the Secretary of HHS, with the approval of appropriators, to redistribute a portion of
eligible PHS agency appropriations across HHS for program evaluation purposes.
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The PHSA limits the set-aside to not less than 0.2% and not more than 1% of eligible program
appropriations. However, LHHS appropriations acts have commonly established a higher
maximum percentage for the set-aside and have distributed specific amounts of “tap” funding to
selected HHS programs. Since FY2010, and including in FY2020, this higher maximum set-aside
level has been 2.5% of eligible appropriations.46 (While the House committee bil would also
have maintained the set-aside at 2.5%, the President’s budget proposed to increase the set-aside to
2.9%.)
Before FY2015, the PHS tap traditional y
Display of Evaluation Tap Transfers
provided more than a dozen HHS programs
By convention, tables in this report show only the
with funding beyond their annual
amount of PHS Evaluation Tap funds received by an
appropriations and, in some cases, was the
agency (i.e., tables do not subtract the amount of the
sole source of funding for a program or
evaluation tap from donor agencies’ appropriations).
That is to say, tap amounts shown in the fol owing
activity. However, since FY2015 and
tables are in addition to amounts shown for budget
including in FY2020, LHHS appropriations
authority, but the amounts shown for budget authority
laws have directed tap funds to a smal er
have not been adjusted to reflect potential “transfer-
number of programs or activities within three
out” of funds to the tap.
HHS agencies (NIH, SAMHSA, and OS) and
have not provided any tap transfers to AHRQ, CDC, and HRSA. This has been particularly
notable for AHRQ, which had been funded primarily through tap transfers from FY2003 to
FY2014, but has received discretionary appropriations since then.47 The House committee bil
general y would have maintained the current distributional practice for FY2020, except that it
would have also provided tap funding to AHRQ. The President’s budget proposed to expand the
activities and agencies funded by the PHS tap to include the Public Health Scientific Services at
the CDC, while simultaneously proposing to reduce or eliminate tap transfers to some other
activities.
Since FY2015, LHHS appropriations laws have directed the largest share of tap transfers to
NIH.48 The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $1.2 bil ion in tap transfers to NIH, an $84 mil ion
(+7.3%) increase over the FY2019 level. The FY2020 House committee bil proposed that the
NIH transfers be continued at FY2019 levels ($1.1 bil ion), whereas the President’s request
proposed that the transfer be reduced by $406 mil ion (-35.4%).

46 See Section 204, Division B, P.L. 116-94 for the FY2020 maximum set -aside level. T he last time that an
appropriations act set the PHS tap percentage at a level other than 2.5% was in FY2009, when it was 2.4% (see P.L.
111-8). T he FY2020 omnibus also retained a change to this provision, first included in the FY2014 omnibus, allowing
tap transfers to be used for the “evaluation and the implementation” of programs funded in the HHS title of the LHHS
appropriations act. Prior to FY2014, such provisions had restricted tap funds to the “evaluation of the implementation”
of programs authorized under the Public Health Service Act.
47 Until FY2015, AHRQ had not received a discretionary appropriation in an annual appropriations act in more than a
decade. FY2009 was the exception to this general pattern, as AHRQ received a supplemental appropriat ion from the
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act that year. In recent years, AHRQ has also received some transfers from the
Prevention and Public Health Fund and the Patient -Centered Outcomes Research T rust Fund, though these transfers
were generally much smaller than the transfers AHRQ received from the tap. For more information, see CRS Report
R44136, The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Budget: Fact Sheet.
48 Prior to FY2015, NIH had traditionally been by far the largest net donor of tap funds, rather than a net recipient. T he
joint explanatory statement accompanying the FY2015 omnibus explained this shift as being intended to ensure that tap
transfers are a “net benefit to NIH rather than a liability” and noted that this change was in response to a growing
concern at the loss of NIH funds to the tap. Joint Explanatory Statement, Proceedings and Debates of the 113 th
Congress, Second Session, Congressional Record, vol. 160, no. 151, Book II, December 11, 2014, p. H9832.
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Prevention and Public Health Fund
Display of PPHF Transfers
The ACA both authorized and appropriated
PPHF transfer amounts displayed in the HHS tables in
mandatory funding to three funds to support
this report are in addition to amounts shown for
budget authority provided in the bil . For consistency
programs and activities within the PHS
with source materials, the amounts shown for PPHF
agencies.49 One of these, the Prevention and
transfers in these tables reflect the estimated effects of
Public Health Fund (PPHF, ACA §4002, as
mandatory spending sequestration; this is not the case
amended), was given a permanent, annual
for other mandatory spending shown in this report
appropriation that was intended to provide
(also for consistency with source materials).
support each year to prevention, wel ness, and
related public health programs funded through HHS accounts.
The ACA had appropriated $2 bil ion in mandatory funds to the PPHF for FY2020, but this
amount was reduced by subsequent laws that decreased PPHF funding for FY2020 and other
fiscal years. Under current law, the FY2020 appropriation was $950 mil ion.50 In addition, this
appropriation was subject to a 5.9% reduction due to sequestration of nonexempt mandatory
spending. (For more information on sequestration, see the budget enforcement discussion in
Appendix A.) After sequestration, the total PPHF appropriation available for FY2020 was $894
mil ion, an increase of $50 mil ion relative to FY2019. Of this amount, the LHHS omnibus
al ocated $854 mil ion to CDC, $12 mil ion to SAMHSA, and $28 mil ion to ACL.51
PPHF funds are intended to supplement (sometimes quite substantial y) the funding that selected
programs receive through regular appropriations. Although the PPHF authority instructs the HHS
Secretary to transfer amounts from the fund to HHS agencies, since FY2014 provisions in annual
appropriations acts and accompanying reports have explicitly directed the distribution of PPHF
funds and prohibited the Secretary from making further transfers for those years.52
CDC commonly receives the largest share of annual PPHF funds. The amount provided to CDC
for FY2020 and proposed by the House committee bil , $854 mil ion, was a $50 mil ion (+6.2%)
increase relative to FY2019. The President’s request proposed increasing the PPHF funding
transferred to CDC to $894 mil ion (+11.1%).
Selected HHS Highlights by Agency
This section begins with a limited selection of FY2020 discretionary funding highlights by HHS
agency. The discussion is largely based on the enacted and proposed appropriations levels for
FY2020, compared to FY2019 enacted levels.53 These summaries are followed by a brief
overview of significant provisions from annual HHS appropriations laws that restrict spending in
certain controversial areas, such as abortion and stem cel research. The section concludes with
two tables (Table 6 and Table 7) presenting more detailed information on FY2019 enacted and
FY2020 proposed and enacted funding levels for HHS.

49 For more information, see CRS Report R41301, Appropriations and Fund Transfers in the Affordable Care Act
(ACA).
50 42 U.S.C. 300u-11.
51 See explanatory statement accompanying the FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional
Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019 , p. H11080, for allocations to specific agency programs and activities.
52 See Division A, §222, P.L. 116-94.
53 HHS budget materials can be found at http://www.hhs.gov/budget/.
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HRSA
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $7.0 bil ion in discretionary budget authority for HRSA.
This was $195 mil ion (+2.8%) more than HRSA’s FY2019 discretionary funding level and $1.2
bil ion (+20.4%) more than the FY2020 President’s budget request.
The explanatory statement accompanying the FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $50 mil ion for
the first year of an initiative to reduce HIV transmission under the Primary Health Care account.
These funds are to be used to increase the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among high
risk groups.54 Under the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program appropriation, there is an additional $70
mil ion set aside for the HIV initiative, to be used in high-need jurisdictions to increasing viral
suppression among people with HIV. The explanatory statement also al ocates within the Rural
Health account $6 mil ion to be used to develop best practices for HIV treatment through
telehealth.55
From amounts appropriated to the Health Workforce account, the explanatory statement directed
$102 mil ion (+36%) toward Behavioral Health Workforce Education and Training (BHWET).
Within this amount, the explanatory statement al ocated no less than $26.7 mil ion to establish the
Mental and Substance Use Disorder Workforce Training Demonstration,56 no less than $10
mil ion for experiential training for peer support specialists,57 and no less than $12 mil ion to
establish the Loan Repayment Program for Substance Use Disorder Treatment Workforce.58
CDC
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $6.8 bil ion in discretionary budget authority for CDC,
which was $362 mil ion (+5.6%) more than CDC’s FY2019 funding level. The FY2020 LHHS
omnibus did not direct any PHS tap funds to the CDC, continuing the practice started in FY2015.
However, the FY2020 LHHS omnibus did supplement discretionary CDC appropriations with
transfers from two additional sources. First, the FY2020 LHHS omnibus directed $854 mil ion in
PPHF transfers to the CDC, which was $50 mil ion (+6.2%) more than FY2019.59 Second, the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus directed $225 mil ion from the HHS Nonrecurring Expenses Fund
(NEF)60 to the CDC Buildings and Facilities account to support infrastructure improvements for
the CDC’s Chamblee Campus.61 Funds transferred into the NEF are general y available to the

54 Congressional Record, December 17, 2019, Vol. 165, No. 204, Book III, p. H11063.
55 Ibid., p. H11064.
56 Authorized under Section 9022 of the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255) and described in Congressional Record,
vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019, p. H11064. See also H.Rept. 116-62, p. 45.
57 As described in Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019, p. H11064. See also H.Rept. 116-62,
p. 45.
58 Authorized under Section 7071 of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act ( P.L. 115-271) and described in
Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019, p. H11064. See also H.Rept. 116-62, p. 45.
59 Congressional Record, December 17, 2019, Vol. 165, No. 204, Book III, p. H11065.
60 T he NEF was established by the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008 to enable the HHS Secretary to repurpose
certain unobligated balances of expired discretionary funds appropriated to HHS from the General Fund ( P.L. 110-161,
Division G, T itle II, §223). Most accounts in annual appropriations measures receive appropriations from the General
Fund at the U.S. T reasury. T his term refers to all federal money not allocated by law to any other fund account, such as
federal trust funds for Medicare.
61 See Division A, T itle II, §238 of P.L. 116-94. T he $225 million NEF transfer to the CDC Buildings and Facilities
account was for one-time projects for the CDC’s Chamblee Campus, such as real property, equipment, construction,
demolition, installation, renovation of facilities, and related infrastructure improvements. T he FY2020 LHHS omnibus
separately appropriated $25 million to the CDC Buildings and Facilities account, but did not explicitly direct any of
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Secretary for capital acquisitions across HHS, including facilities infrastructure and information
technology. Until recently, it has not been common for LHHS appropriations acts to specify that
particular projects are to be funded by the NEF, but there have been a few such cases since
FY2017.62 Al told, this combination of funding represented an increase of $637 mil ion (+8.7%)
from FY2019.
The President’s budget request would have decreased discretionary budget authority by $1.6
bil ion (-31.2%) relative to FY2019, while requesting that $423 mil ion in tap funds be directed to
the CDC. The President’s budget also requested $894 mil ion in PPHF transfers, which would
have been an $89 mil ion (+11.1%) increase. However, the President’s budget did not request that
any transfers from the NEF be directed to the CDC. Al told, this combination of funding would
have represented a decrease of $751 mil ion (-10.2%) from FY2019.
Most programmatic accounts, except Immunization and Respiratory Diseases and Public Health
Preparedness and Response, received increases relative to FY2019. Notable increases were
provided for (1) the HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, Sexual y Transmitted Diseases (STDs), and
Tuberculosis Prevention account, which was funded at an increased level of $1.274 bil ion
(+13.2% above FY2019), including funding for a new initiative to prevent new HIV infections
($140 mil ion),63 and (2) the Public Health and Scientific Services account, funded at $555
mil ion (+10.1%), which contained a new initiative on public health data modernization ($50
mil ion).64 The explanatory statement contained a number of new activities under the Injury
Prevention and Control account, which was funded at $677 mil ion (+4.4%), including funding
for child sexual abuse prevention ($1 mil ion), suicide prevention ($10 mil ion), and adverse
childhood experiences ($4 mil ion). It also included specific funding for a new Firearm Injury and
Mortality Prevention Research program ($12.5 mil ion).65
NIH
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $40.2 bil ion in discretionary budget authority for NIH.
This was $2.3 bil ion (+6.0%) more than FY2019 and $6.8 bil ion (+20.4%) more than the
President’s FY2020 budget request. The FY2020 LHHS omnibus also directed $225 mil ion from
the HHS Nonrecurring Expenses Fund (NEF)66 to the NIH Buildings and Facilities account to
implement the recommendations in the 2019 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and

these appropriations to the Chamblee project. T he $25 million appropriation to this account represents a $5 million
decrease from FY2019 (-17%), when excluding the NEF funds reserved for the Chamblee project.
62 For instance, a continuing resolution for FY2017 (P.L. 114-254) authorized HHS to transfer up to $300 million (if
certain conditions were met) from the NEF to the HHS Refugee and Entrant Assistance program dedicated to
unaccompanied alien children. For more information, see CRS Report R44723, Overview of Further Continuing
Appropriations for FY2017 (H.R. 2028). In addition, the FY2018 omnibus provision directing $240 million in NEF
funds to the construction of a new CDC laboratory . T he explanatory statement identifies several other priorities for
NEF projects (Congressional Record, March 22, 2018, Vol. 164, No. 50, Book III, p. H2705. )
63 Congressional Record, December 17, 2019, Vol. 165, No. 204, Book III, p. H11065.
64 Ibid, p. H11066. T he explanatory statement notes that these funds are intended to support the initiative as outlined in
an early committee report. For those details, see pp. 71 -72 in H.Rept. 116-62.
65 Ibid, p. H11067. When taking account of the $12.5 million in NIH funding that was reserved for the same purpose,
the total provided for Firearm Injury and Mortality Prevention Research was $25 million.
66 T he NEF was established by the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008 to enable the HHS Secretary to repurpose
certain unobligated balances of expired discretionary funds appropriated to HHS from the General Fund ( P.L. 110-161,
Division G, T itle II, §223). Most accounts in annual appropriations measures receive appropriations from the General
Fund at the U.S. T reasury. T his term refers to all federal money not allocated by law to any other fund account, such as
federal trust funds for Medicare.
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Medicine report Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus’ Capital Assets in a Highly Competitive
Global Biomedical Research Environment.67 In addition, the FY2020 LHHS omnibus directed
$1.2 bil ion in PHS tap transfers to NIH, an increase of $84 million (+7.3%) from FY2019. The
entirety of the PHS tap transfer was provided to the National Institute of General Medical
Sciences (NIGMS), and was paired with a discretionary appropriation of $1.7 bil ion. The
NIGMS discretionary appropriation was $20 mil ion (-1.1%) less than FY2019, but when
combined with the tap transfer, total funding for NIGMS increased by $64 mil ion (+2.2%) from
FY2019.
In line with recent practice, the explanatory statement on the FY2020 LHHS omnibus directed
NIH to reserve a specific dollar amount for a number of purposes, for example, $2.82 bil ion for
Alzheimer’s disease research, referring to it as an increase of $350 mil ion from FY2019.68 It also
included a new reservation of funds for Firearm Injury and Mortality Prevention Research ($12.5
mil ion).69 Reserving a specific dollar amount for a particular disease or area of research at NIH is
a relatively new practice and constitutes a significant departure from past precedent.70
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus appropriated $492 mil ion to the NIH Innovation Account pursuant
to the 21st Century Cures Act (Cures Act; P.L. 114-255), which was equal to the amount
authorized to be appropriated in that act. The explanatory statement also reiterated the purposes
authorized in the Cures Act, directing that NIH transfer $195 mil ion to the National Cancer
Institute to support cancer research, and $70 mil ion each to the National Institute of Neurological
Disorders and Stroke and the National Institute of Mental Health to support the Brain Research
through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative. The remaining $157
mil ion was divided between the Precision Medicine Initiative ($149 mil ion) and regenerative
medicine research ($8 mil ion).71
SAMHSA
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $5.7 bil ion in discretionary budget authority for
SAMHSA. This amount was $140 mil ion (+2.5%) more than SAMHSA’s FY2019 funding level
and $202 mil ion (+3.6%) more than the President’s FY2020 budget request. The FY2020 LHHS
omnibus also directed $134 mil ion in PHS evaluation tap funding and $12 mil ion in PPHF
funding to SAMHSA, which was the same amount as FY2019.

67 See Division A, T itle II, §237 of P.L. 116-94. For further details, see Congressional Record, December 17, 2019,
Vol. 165, No. 204, Book III, p. H11074.
68 Ibid., p. H11070. For a list of specified funding levels in the explanatory statement accompanying the LHHS
omnibus, see T able A-2 in CRS Report R43341, National Institutes of Health (NIH) Funding: FY1995-FY2021.
69 Ibid., p. H11072. When taking account of the $12.5 million in CDC funding that was reserved for the same purpose,
the total provided for Firearm Injury and Mortality Prevention Research was $25 million.
70 As recently as December 2014, the explanatory statement on the FY2015 omnibus stipulated, “In keeping with
longstanding practice, the agreement does not recommend a specific amount of NIH funding for this purpose
[Alzheimer’s disease] or for any other individual disease. Doing so would establish a dangerous precedent that could
politicize the NIH peer review system. Nevertheless, in recognition that Alzheimer’s disease poses a serious threat to
the Nation’s long-term health and economic stability, the agreement expects that a significant portion of the
recommended increase for NIA should be directed to research on Alzheimer’s. T he exact amount should be determined
by scientific opportunity of additional research on this disease and the quality of grant applications that are submitted
for Alzheimer’s relative to those submitted for other diseases.” See Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 160, no.
151, Book II (December 11, 2014), p. H9832.
71 Congressional Record, December 17, 2019, Vol. 165, No. 204, Book III, p. H11068.
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The FY2020 LHHS omnibus included an increase of $50 mil ion (+33.3%) from FY2019 for
Certified Community Behavioral Health Centers. Under the explanatory statement accompanying
the FY2020 LHHS omnibus, funding for Mental Health Programs of Regional and National
Significance (PRNS) received an increase of $65 mil ion (+16.9%) and Substance Abuse
Treatment PRNS received an increase of $19 mil ion (+4.1%) from FY2019.72 Some of the
increases in PRNS funding are for programs created by the SUPPORT Act (P.L. 115-271), such as
Comprehensive Opioid Recovery Centers ($2 mil ion), Emergency Department Alternatives to
Opioids ($5 mil ion), Peer Support Technical Assistance Center ($1 mil ion), and Treatment,
Recovery, and Workforce Support ($4 mil ion).73 The State Opioid Response Program continued
to be funded at $1.5 bil ion, the same amount as FY2019.
AHRQ
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $338 mil ion in discretionary budget authority to AHRQ.
This was the same as the FY2019 level. The FY2020 LHHS omnibus did not direct any PHS tap
transfers to AHRQ, which is in keeping with practices since FY2015 but contrasts with earlier
years (FY2003-FY2014) in which AHRQ had been funded primarily with tap transfers.74 (The
House committee bil proposed $18 mil ion in tap transfers for AHRQ, but this proposal was not
enacted.) The FY2020 LHHS omnibus continued to fund AHRQ as its own operating division,
declining the President’s proposal to consolidate AHRQ into NIH. The FY2020 President’s
budget had requested zero funding for AHRQ, proposing instead to continue funding many of
AHRQ’s activities through a new National Institute for Research on Safety and Quality (NIRSQ)
in the NIH.75
CMS
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $4.5 bil ion in discretionary budget authority for CMS.
This was $21 mil ion (+0.5%) more than FY2019 and $84 mil ion (+1.9%) more than the FY2019
President’s budget request. The LHHS omnibus appropriated $786 mil ion for the CMS Health
Care Fraud and Abuse Control (HCFAC) account, 2.7% more than FY2019, and slightly less (-
0.8%) than the FY2020 President’s request. Of the total amount appropriated for HCFAC, $475
mil ion was effectively exempt from the discretionary budget caps. (See Appendix A for an
explanation of the LHHS budget cap exemptions.)

72 As described in the explanatory statement accompanying the LHHS omnibus ( Congressional Record, vol. 165, no.
204, December 17, 2019, pp. H11074-H11075, and pp. H11116-H11117).
73 Ibid., p. H11075.
74 In addition to funds provided through the annual appropriations process, AHRQ is also scheduled in FY2020 to
receive a transfer of certain mandatory funds that were authorized and appropriated to the Patient -Centered Outcomes
Research T rust Fund (PCORT F) by ACA Section 6301(e), as amended (26 U.S.C. §9511). T ransfers to AHRQ from
the PCORT F are to be used to disseminate the results of patient -centered outcomes research. (PCORT F funds are
generally not displayed in this report, as they are not provided by or modified through annual LHHS appropr iations
bills.) For more information on the PCORT F, see CRS Insight IN11010, Funding for ACA-Established Patient-
Centered Outcom es Research Trust Fund (PCORTF) Extended Through FY2029 .
75 HHS, NIH, National Institute for Research on Safety and Quality, FY2020 Congressional Justification,
https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/cpi/abo ut/mission/budget/2020/FY_2020_CJ_-NIRSQ.pdf. T he
President ’s request would have funded NIRSQ at $256 million for FY2020 (not counting transfers from the PCORT F).
A similar proposal was made in the President’s FY2019 and FY2018 requests; see HHS, NIH, National Institute for
Research on Safety and Quality, FY2019 Congressional Justification, https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/
wysiwyg/cpi/about/mission/budget/2019/NIRSQ.pdf; HHS, NIH, National Institute for Research on Safety and Quality,
FY 2018 Congressional Justification—Budget Estimates for Appropriations Committees, May 23, 2017,
https://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/wysiwyg/cpi/abo ut/mission/budget/2018/NIRSQ.pdf.
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The LHHS omnibus provided the CMS Program Management account with a flat funding level of
$3.7 bil ion. This account supports CMS program operations (e.g., claims processing, information
technology investments, provider and beneficiary outreach and education, and program
implementation), in addition to federal administration and other activities related to the
administration of Medicare, Medicaid, the State Children’s Health Insurance Program, and
private health insurance provisions established by the ACA. The FY2020 appropriation was more
than the amount proposed by the President’s budget (+2.5%), but less than the amount proposed
by the House committee bil (-7.9%). The LHHS omnibus maintained a general provision (§227),
included in LHHS appropriations acts since FY2014, authorizing HHS to transfer additional
funds into this account from Medicare trust funds. The terms of the provision required that such
funds be used to support activities specific to the Medicare program, limited the amount of the
transfers to $305 mil ion, and explicitly prohibited such transfers from being used to support or
supplant funding for ACA implementation. The House committee bil would have eliminated this
provision.
ACF
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $24.4 bil ion in discretionary budget authority for ACF.
This was $1.2 bil ion (+5.3%) more than FY2019 and $6.1 bil ion (+33.4%) more than the
FY2020 President’s budget request. The President’s budget would have decreased ACF
discretionary funding by roughly one-fifth relative to the prior year (-21.0%). The President’s
budget would have achieved much of its proposed reduction by eliminating certain programs
within ACF, such as the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), Preschool
Development Grants (PDG), and the Community Services Block Grant (CSBG). Funding for al
three of these programs was increased in the FY2020 LHHS omnibus relative to FY2019:
LIHEAP received $3.7 bil ion (+1.4%), PDG $275 mil ion (+10.0%), and CSBG $740 mil ion
(+2.1%).
The LHHS omnibus provided $1.9 bil ion for the Refugee and Entrant Assistance programs
account, an increase of $3 mil ion (+0.2%) relative to FY2019. The LHHS omnibus retained a
provision, included in LHHS appropriations since FY2015, authorizing HHS to augment
appropriations for the Refugee and Entrant Assistance account via transfers from other
discretionary HHS funds. However, it increased the limit on those transfers to 15%, instead of
10% as in previous fiscal years.
The conference report on the omnibus directed the majority of the appropriation for Refugee and
Entrant Assistance programs toward the Unaccompanied Alien Children (UAC) program ($1.3
bil ion, the same as FY2019). The UAC program provides for the shelter, care, and placement of
unaccompanied alien children who have been apprehended in the United States. The LHHS
omnibus also included several general provisions some of which were similar to those enacted in
FY2019, related to the UAC program. For instance, the law authorized HHS to accept donations
for the care of UACs (§230), limited the use of funds for changes to policy directives related to
the UAC program (§231), limited the use of funds for unlicensed facilities for unaccompanied
alien children (§232), and imposed additional congressional notification requirements prior to the
use of unlicensed facilities (§233), It also prohibited HHS appropriations from being used to
prevent a Member of Congress from visiting a UAC facility for oversight purposes provided that
the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) was notified not less than two business days in
advance to ensure that such visit would not interfere with the operations (including child welfare
and child safety operations) of such facility (§234). A number of reporting requirements related to
the UAC program were also included in the explanatory statement, including public reporting
with respect to children who have been separated from a parent or legal guardian, a report to the
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appropriations committees related to provider facility violations related to standards of child care
or the wel being of children, and a briefing to the committees on plans for children who have
been in ORR custody for extended periods of time.76
ACL
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $2.2 bil ion in discretionary budget authority for ACL.
This was $54 mil ion (+2.5%) more than FY2019. In addition, the FY2020 LHHS omnibus
directed $28 mil ion in PPHF transfers to ACL, the same as FY2019. The explanatory statement
accompanying the FY2020 LHHS omnibus specified that the PPHF transfers were for the
Alzheimer’s Disease Program, Chronic Disease Self-Management, and Elder Falls Prevention.
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus did not adopt several ACL proposals made in the President’s budget
submission. These included proposals to consolidate Chronic Disease Self-Management and
Elder Fal s Prevention into the Preventive Health Services Program, and to eliminate funding for
the Paralysis Resource Center and the Limb Loss Resource Center. It also did not adopt the
proposal to al ow states and tribal organizations to transfer 100% of funds among the home and
community-based supportive services, nutrition, disease prevention and health promotion, and
family caregiver support programs.77
Restrictions Related to Certain Controversial Issues
Annual LHHS appropriations measures regularly contain broad restrictions related to certain
controversial issues. For instance, annual LHHS appropriations acts commonly include provisions
limiting the use of federal funds for abortions, the use of human embryos for research, needle
exchange programs, and gun control advocacy.
Abortions: Since FY1977, annual LHHS appropriations acts have included provisions limiting
the circumstances under which LHHS funds (including Medicaid funds) may be used to pay for
abortions. Early versions of these provisions applied only to HHS, but since FY1994 most
provisions have applied to the entire LHHS bil . Under current provisions, (1) abortions may be
funded only when the life of the mother is endangered or in cases of rape or incest; (2) funds may
not be used to buy a managed care package that includes abortion coverage, except in cases of
rape, incest, or endangerment; and (3) federal programs and state and local governments that
receive LHHS funding are prohibited from discriminating against health care entities that do not
provide or pay for abortions or abortion services. The FY2020 LHHS omnibus retained these
existing restrictions (§§506 and 507).78
Human Embryo Research: Since FY1996, annual LHHS appropriations have included a
provision prohibiting any LHHS funds (including NIH funds) from being used to create human

76 Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019, pp. H1107 7-H11078.
77 Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2020, Appendix, p. 488, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/
BUDGET -2020-APP/pdf/BUDGET -2020-APP-1-11.pdf#page=72. A similar proposal was in Budget of the United
States Governm ent, Fiscal Year 2019, Appendix, p. 484, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BUDGET -2019-APP/
pdf/BUDGET -2019-APP-1-11.pdf#page=70. During the COVID-19 public health emergency, state and local agencies
on aging have increased flexibility to transfer funds among certain programs; see the discussion of Section 3222 in
CRS Report R46334, Selected Health Provisions in Title III of the CARES Act (P.L. 116 -136).
78 T he current provisions are commonly referred to as the Hyde and Weldon Amendments. For additional information,
see CRS Report RL33467, Abortion: Judicial History and Legislative Response.
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embryos for research purposes or for research in which human embryos are destroyed. The
FY2020 LHHS omnibus retained these existing restrictions (§508).79
Needle Exchange Programs: Since FY1990, annual LHHS appropriations have general y
included a provision prohibiting any LHHS funds from being used for needle exchange programs
(i.e., programs in which sterile needles or syringes are made available to injection drug users in
exchange for used needles or syringes to mitigate the spread of related infections, such as
Hepatitis and HIV/AIDS).80 Starting in FY2016, the provision was modified to al ow funds to be
used for needle exchange programs under the following conditions: (1) federal funds may not be
used to purchase the needles, but may be used for other aspects of such programs; (2) the state or
local jurisdiction must demonstrate, in consultation with CDC, that they are experiencing, or at
risk for, a significant increase in hepatitis infections or an HIV outbreak due to injection drug use;
and (3) the program must be operating in accordance with state and local law. The FY2020 House
committee bil would have omitted this provision entirely, but the FY2020 LHHS omnibus
retained these existing restrictions and conditions (§527).
Gun Control: Since FY1997, annual LHHS appropriations have included provisions prohibiting
the use of certain funds for activities that advocate or promote gun control. Early versions of
these provisions applied only to CDC; since FY2012, annual appropriations acts also have
included HHS-specific restrictions, in addition to restrictions that apply to al LHHS funds
(including funds transferred from the PPHF). FY2020 omnibus retained these existing restrictions
(§210 [HHS] and §503(c) [al LHHS, plus PPHF transfers]).81
Table 6. HHS Appropriations Totals by Agency
(Dol ars in mil ions)
FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L. 116-
HHS Agency
Enacted
Request
2740)
94)
HRSA
7,161
6,138
7,645
7,333
Mandatory BA
308
286
308
286
Discretionary BA
6,853
5,853
7,337
7,047
CDCa
6,533
5,270
7,196
6,895
Mandatory BA
55
55
55
55
Discretionary BA
6,478
5,215
7,141
6,840
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
423
0
0
PPHFc
805
894
854
854

79 T he current provision is commonly referred to as the Dickey Amendment. For additional information, see CRS
Report RL33540, Stem Cell Research: Science, Federal Research Funding, and Regulatory Oversight.
80 T he one exception is the FY1992 LHHS appropriations act (P.L. 102-170), which appears to have included no such
provision. Since the provision’s inception in FY1990, there has been variation in its scope and application during
certain fiscal years. For example, the LHHS appropriations act for FY1998 ( P.L. 105-78) made the ban subject to
action by the HHS Secretary. T he LHHS appropriations acts for FY2010 ( P.L. 111-117, Division D) and FY2011 (P.L.
112-10, Division B) applied the ban only in locations that local authorities determined to be inappropriate.
81 As previously noted, the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2020 LHHS omnibus directed that $12.5
million apiece ($25 million total) be allocated by the CDC and NIH for Firearm Injury and Mortality Prevention
Research (Congressional Record, December 17, 2019, Vol. 165, No. 204, Book III, p. H11067 and H11072).
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FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L. 116-
HHS Agency
Enacted
Request
2740)
94)
Nonrecurring Expenses Fund Transferd
0
0
225
225
NIHa
37,937
33,410
39,937
40,228
Mandatory BA
0
0
0
0
Discretionary BA
37,937
33,410
39,937
40,228
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
1,147
741
1,147
1,231
Nonrecurring Expenses Fund Transferd
0
0

225
SAMHSA
5,597
5,535
5,725
5,737
Mandatory BA
0
0
0
0
Discretionary BA
5,597
5,535
5,725
5,737
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
134
143
134
134
PPHFc
12
0
12
12
AHRQe
338
0
340
338
Mandatory BA
0
0
0
0
Discretionary BA
338
0
340
338
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
0
18
0
CMS
796,947
828,259
828,658
828,343
Mandatory BA
792,512
823,888
823,888
823,888
Discretionary BA
4,435
4,371
4,771
4,456
ACF
38,413
31,506
43,054
39,523
Mandatory BA
15,202
13,179
15,079
15,079
Discretionary BA
23,210
18,327
27,975
24,444
ACL
2,169
2,033
2,349
2,223
Mandatory BA
0
0
0
0
Discretionary BA
2,169
2,033
2,349
2,223
PPHFc
28
0
28
28
Office of the Secretary (OS)
4,103
3,966
4,423
4,212
Mandatory BA
629
624
624
624
Discretionary BA
3,474
3,342
3,800
3,588
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
65
69
125
65
Total, HHS BA in the Bill
899,197
916,117
939,329
934,832
Mandatory
808,707
838,031
839,954
839,931
Discretionary
90,491
78,086
99,376
94,901
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
321
—
—
—
P.L. 116-26 (emergency)
2,882
—
—
—
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FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L. 116-
HHS Agency
Enacted
Request
2740)
94)
P.L. 116-113 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-123 (emergency)
—
—
—
6,436
P.L. 116-127 (emergency)
—
—
—
1,250
P.L. 116-136 (emergency)
—
—
—
140,389
P.L. 116-139 (emergency)
—
—
—
100,000
Memoranda (non-emergency funds only)

Total, BA Available in Fiscal Year (current year
896,013
914,146
937,158
932,661
from any bil )
Total, BA Advances for Future Years (provided in
current bil )
142,132
144,103
144,103
144,303
Total, BA Advances from Prior Years (for use in
current year)
138,948
142,132
142,132
142,132
Total, Additional Scorekeeping Adjustments
-8,491
-20,607
-12,477
-9,770
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration (except for the estimated tran sfers from the Prevention and
Public Health Fund), nor do they general y reflect transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive
authorities. CRS calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the 21 st Century
Cures Act (P.L. 114-255).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees (e.g., department totals do not include funding for the Food and Drug Administration,
the Indian Health Service, or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, al of which are fund ed by
other bil s); and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
a. Each year, CDC and NIH also receive funding in the Interior-Environment appropriations bil as part of their
overal budget authority.
b. By convention, this table shows only the amount of PHS Evaluation Tap funds received by an agency, not the
amount of tap funds donated by an agency. That is to say, tap amounts shown in this table are in addition to
amounts shown for budget authority, but the amounts shown for budget authority have not been adjusted
to reflect potential “transfer-out” of funds to the tap.
c. PPHF funds are not appropriated in the LHHS bil , but are shown here for il ustrative purposes as they may
be used to supplement the funding selected agencies and programs receive through the appropriations
process. Amounts shown for PPHF in this table are in addition to amounts shown for budget authority.
d. The Nonrecurring Expenses Fund (NEF) was established by the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008,
to enable the HHS Secretary to repurpose certain unobligated balances of expired discretionary funds
appropriated to HHS from the General Fund. The FY2020 omnibus specified that HHS must transfer $255
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mil ion apiece from the NEF to the buildings and facilities accounts at CDC and NIH. Amounts shown for
the NEF transfer are in addition to amounts shown for budget authority.
e. The President’s budget for FY2019 proposed that AHRQ be eliminated, and that certain functions be
transferred to NIH. This proposal was not adopted by the House or the Senate version of the LHHS bil , or
included in FY2020 enacted appropriations.
Table 7. HHS Discretionary Appropriations for Selected
Programs or Activities, by Agency
(Dol ars in mil ions)
FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L. 116-
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
2740)
94)
HRSA

Community Health Centers
1,626
1,626
1,676
1,626
National Health Service Corps
105
105
120
120
Children’s Hospitals Graduate Medical Education
325
0
350
340
Maternal & Child Health Block Grant
678
661
705
688
Autism and Other Developmental Disorders
51
0
53
52
Healthy Start
123
123
131
126
Ryan White AIDS Programs
2,319
2,389
2,435
2,389
Organ Transplantation
26
28
32
28
Rural Communities Opioid Response
120
120
100
110
Family Planning (Title X)
286
286
400
286
CDC

Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
478
577
500
433
PPHFa
321
153
348
370
HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STDs, TB Prevention
1,125
1,318
1,335
1,274
Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
560
372
593
570
PPHFa
52
137
52
52
Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
933
347
1,080
985
PPHFa
255
604
277
255
Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities
156
112
162
161
Public Health Scientific Services
504
45
604
555
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
423
0
0
Environmental Health
192
157
226
197
PPHFa
17
0
17
17
Injury Prevention and Control
649
629
698
677
National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health
336
190
346
343
Global Health
496
457
524
571
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FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L. 116-
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
2740)
94)
Buildings and Facilities
30
30
30
25
Nonrecurring Expenses Fund Transferc
0
0
225
225
NIH

National Institute of Al ergy and Infectious Diseases
5,523
4,754
5,808
5,885
National Institute of General Medical Sciences
1,726
1,732
1,886
1,706
Evaluation Tap Funding
1,147
741
1,147
1,231
National Institute on Aging
3,083
2,654
3,286
3,544
National Institute on Drug Abuse
1,420
1,296
1,489
1,462
NIH Innovation Accountd
711
492
492
492
SAMHSA

Mental Health Programs of Regional & National
Significance (PRNS)
384
366
433
449
PPHF
12
0
12
12
Mental Health Block Grant
702
702
737
702
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
21
21
21
21
Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinics
150
150
150
200
Children’s Mental Health
125
125
130
125
Substance Abuse Treatment PRNS
459
430
482
478
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
2
0
2
2
Substance Abuse Block Grant
1,779
1,779
1,779
1,779
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
79
79
79
79
State Opioid Response Grants
1,500
1,500
1,500
1,500
Substance Abuse Prevention PRNS
205
244
212
206
Health Surveil ance and Support
129
97
129
129
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
31
42
31
31
AHRQe

Research on Health Costs, Quality, and Outcomes
197
0
197
197
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
0
18
0
Medical Expenditure Surveys
70
0
72
70
Program Support
71
0
72
71
CMS

CMS Program Management
3,670
3,579
3,985
3,670
Health Care Fraud and Abuse Control
765
792
786
786
ACF

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FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L. 116-
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
2740)
94)
Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
Formula Grants
3,690
0
3,840
3,740
Refugee and Entrant Assistance Programs
1,905
1,804
2,412
1,908
Child Care and Development Block Grant
5,276
5,276
7,676
5,826
Head Start
10,063
10,063
11,563
10,613
Preschool Development Grants
250
0
350
275
Child Welfare Services
269
269
269
269
Adoption Opportunities
39
39
42
42
Community Services Block Grant
725
0
760
740
ACL

Home & Community-Based Supportive Services
385
385
422
390
Family Caregiver Support Services
181
151
200
186
Nutrition Services Programs
907
907
1,000
937
Alzheimer’s Disease Demonstrations
9
19
13
12
PPHFa
15
0
15
15
State Health Insurance Program (SHIP)
49
36
55
52
Paralysis Resource Center
9
0
9
10
Limb Loss Resource Center
4
0
4
4
Developmental Disabilities Programs
176
133
187
180
WIOA Activities (transferred from ED)
261
231
262
265
Office of the Secretary

Office of Nat'l Coord. for Health Information
Technology
60
43
0
60
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
0
60
0
Office of the Inspector General
80
80
85
80
Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund
2,631
2,667
3,008
2,737
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration (except for the estimated transfers from the Prevention and
Public Health Fund), nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive
authorities. CRS calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the 21 st Century
Cures Act (P.L. 114-255).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees (e.g., department totals do not include funding for the Food and Drug Administration,
the Indian Health Service, or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, al of which are funded by
other bil s); and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
a. PPHF funds are not appropriated in the LHHS bil , but are shown here for il ustrative purposes as they may
be used to supplement the funding selected agencies and programs receive through the appropriations
process. Amounts shown for PPHF in this table are in addition to amounts shown for budget authority.
b. By convention, this table shows the amount of PHS Evaluation Tap funds received by an agency for a
particular program or activity separately from the budget authority appropriated for that program or
activity. Tap amounts are in addition to amounts shown for budget authority, though the amounts shown for
budget authority have not been adjusted to reflect potential “transfer-out” of funds to the tap.
c. The NEF was established by the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008, to enable the HHS Secretary to
repurpose certain unobligated balances of expired discretionary funds appropriated to HHS from the
General Fund. The FY2020 omnibus specified that HHS must transfer $255 mil ion apiece from the NEF to
the buildings and facilities accounts at CDC and NIH. Amounts shown for the NEF transfer are in addition
to amounts shown for budget authority.
d. The Cures Act created the NIH Innovation Account and specified that funds in the account must be
appropriated in order to be available for expenditure. In keeping with the purposes and amounts authorized
in the Cures Act, for FY2020, the FY2020 LHHS explanatory statement directed that NIH transfer $195
mil ion to the National Cancer Institute to support cancer research, and $70 mil ion each to the National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the National Institute of Mental Health to support the
Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative. The remaining $157
mil ion was divided between the Precision Medicine Initiative ($149 mil ion) and regenerative medicine
research ($8 mil ion).
e. The President’s budget for FY2020 proposed that AHRQ be eliminated, and that certain functions be
transferred to NIH. This proposal was not adopted by the House or the Senate version of the LHHS bil , or
included in FY2020 enacted appropriations.
Department of Education (ED)
Note that amounts in this section are based on regular LHHS appropriations only. They do not
include mandatory funds provided outside of the annual appropriations process (e.g., direct
appropriations for the Federal Direct Student Loan program and the mandatory portion of the
Federal Pel Grant program). Amounts are rounded to the nearest mil ion or bil ion (as labeled).
The dollar and percentage changes discussed are based on unrounded amounts. For consistency
with source materials, amounts do not reflect sequestration or reestimates of mandatory spending
programs, where applicable.
About ED
Federal policymakers established the U.S. Department of Education in 1980.82 Its mission is to
“promote student achievement and preparation for global competitiveness by fostering
educational excel ence and ensuring equal access.”83 Typical y, about three-quarters of ED’s
discretionary appropriations go either to local educational agencies—which primarily use the
funds to provide educational and related services for economical y disadvantaged students and

82 ED in its current incarnation became a department in 1980 pursuant to the Department of Education Organization
Act (enacted on October 17, 1979). However, the department dates its origins to 1867 . See U.S. Department of
Education, “About ED: T he Federal Role in Education,” http://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/fed/role.html.
83 U.S. Department of Education, “About ED,” http://www2.ed.gov/about/landing.jhtml, accessed on November 29,
2018.
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students with disabilities—or to low-income postsecondary students in the form of Pel Grants,
which help pay for college. The remainder of ED’s discretionary budget provides for a wide
range of activities, including (but not limited to) support for minority-serving institutions;
educational research; and career, technical, and adult education.
The federal government provides roughly 7% of overal funding for elementary and secondary
education in the United States.84 The majority of school funding—about 84%—comes from states
and local districts, which have primary responsibility for the provision of elementary and
secondary education. With regard to higher education, the federal government provided roughly
62% of undergraduate and graduate student aid in academic year (AY) 2018-2019.85
FY2020 ED Appropriations Overview
Table 8 displays FY2020 discretionary and mandatory ED budget authority provided and
proposed, along with FY2019 enacted levels. The totals in this table do not include emergency
supplemental appropriations; amounts provided in supplementals are displayed separately at the
bottom of the table and are in addition to regular appropriations. For a discussion of the FY2020
supplemental appropriations displayed below the bil totals in Table 8, see Appendix C.
Discretionary funds represent the majority of ED’s annual appropriations, accounting for roughly
95% of the FY2019 and FY2020 enacted levels.86 The FY2020 enacted discretionary ED
appropriations were 1.8% higher than FY2019 levels. Proposed discretionary ED appropriations
for FY2020 compared to FY2019 would have decreased under the President’s budget (-10.4%)
and increased under the House committee bil (+6.3%).
Table 8. ED Appropriations Overview
(Dol ars in bil ions)
FY2020
FY2019
FY2020
House Cmte.
FY2020 Enacted
Funding
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 2740)
(P.L. 116-94)
Discretionary
71.4
64.0
75.9
72.8
Mandatory
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.6
Total BA in the Bill
75.0
67.6
79.5
76.4
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
0.2
—
—
—
P.L. 116-26 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-113 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-123 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-127 (emergency)
—
—
—
—

84 U.S. Department of Education, “ The FY 2021 Education Budget Summary,” ”Appendix: T otal Expenditures for
Elementary and Secondary Education in the U.S.,” at https://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/budget21/summary/
21summary.pdf.
85 For the purposes of this calculation, the federal contribution included $152 billion (grants, loans, work-study, and tax
benefits) out of a total of $246 billion (federal aid, state aid, institutional grants, nonfederal loans, and private and
employer-provided grants). See the College Board’s T rends in Student Aid 2019, p. 9,
https://research.collegeboard.org/pdf/trends-student-aid-2019-full-report.pdf.
86 T he only mandatory ED funding provided in the LHHS Appropriations Act in each of these years is for Vocational
Rehabilitation State Grants.
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FY2020
FY2019
FY2020
House Cmte.
FY2020 Enacted
Funding
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 2740)
(P.L. 116-94)
P.L. 116-136 (emergency)
—
—
—
30.9
P.L. 116-139 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or
reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provid ed (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
Selected ED Highlights
The fol owing sections highlight FY2020 appropriations for selected ED accounts and
programs.87 Table 9 tracks funding levels for major ED budget and appropriations accounts, and
selected items within those accounts.
School Improvement Programs
The Student Support and Academic Enrichment (SSAE) State Grants, commonly referred to as
the “block grant program,” are funded within the School Improvement Programs account. The
SSAE grants are authorized under Title IV-A of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act
(ESEA), as amended by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA; P.L. 114-95). The program
provides formula grants to state educational agencies (SEAs) and local educational agencies
(LEAs) to provide students with access to a wel -rounded education, improve school conditions
for student learning, and improve the use of technology in order to improve the academic
achievement and digital learning of students. LEAs must use al ocated funds for three broad
categories, or “buckets,” of activities: (1) supporting wel -rounded educational opportunities, (2)
supporting safe and healthy students, and (3) supporting the effective use of technology.
The enacted FY2020 appropriation for the Title IV-A block grant was $1.21 bil ion, compared to
an FY2019 appropriation level of $1.17 bil ion (+3.4%). The House committee bil had
recommended a funding level of $1.32 bil ion for the program, while the President did not request
funds for the program for FY2020. The program is authorized at $1.6 bil ion for FY2020.

87 ED budget materials can be found at https://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/focus/performance.html.
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Student Financial Assistance
The Pel Grant program within the Student Financial Assistance account provides need-based
financial aid primarily to low-income undergraduate students to help them cover the cost of
higher education.88 Pel Grants are the largest single source of federal grant aid for undergraduate
students; they are projected to provide approximately $30.1 bil ion in aid to roughly 7.3 mil ion
undergraduate students in the 2020-2021 award year.89 The explanatory statement accompanying
the FY2020 LHHS omnibus directs $22.5 bil ion in discretionary funding to the Pel Grants
program, which is level funding compared to FY2019. (Additional mandatory funding for the
program is appropriated outside the LHHS bil .) The President’s budget and the House committee
bil both proposed level discretionary funding, as wel .
The total maximum Pel Grant award is the sum of the discretionary maximum award level and the
mandatory add-on award level. The discretionary award program costs may be funded through (1)
annual discretionary appropriations; (2) a permanent, definite mandatory appropriation; and (3) the
Pel Grant program surplus.90 The mandatory add-on award program costs are funded by a permanent,
indefinite mandatory appropriation. Both mandatory appropriation sources are provided outside the
annual appropriations process, are authorized by and funded in the Higher Education Act of 1965
(HEA), as amended, and do not appear in Table 9.
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus increased the discretionary maximum Pel Grant award level to
$5,285, which is $150 mil ion (+2.9%) more than the FY2019 level. The House committee bil
recommended the same amount. The President’s budget requested the same discretionary
maximum Pel Grant award level as in FY2019.
As a result of Pel Grant award rules established in the HEA, the increase in the discretionary
maximum Pel Grant award level increases FY2020 program costs, assuming no other changes. In
order to pay for the estimated increase in FY2020 mandatory add-on award program costs, the
LHHS omnibus rescinded $50 mil ion of the FY2020 definite mandatory appropriation.91 The
House committee bil would have reduced the FY2020 definite mandatory appropriation by the
same amount.
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus implemented another provision related to the Pel Grant program
surplus: it rescinded $500 mil ion of the surplus, which offset the cost of appropriations in the
act.92

88 For more information about the program, see CRS Report R42446, Federal Pell Grant Program of the Higher
Education Act: How the Program Works and Recent Legislative Changes.
89 U.S. Department of Education, “Student Aid Overview,” Justification of Appropriation Estimates to the Congress:
Fiscal Year 2020, pp. N-8–N-9.
90 Because discretionary funds and the base award are appropriated in advance of the award year, they are based on cost
estimates. T his can result in surpluses (or shortfalls) in discretionary appropriations. When annual discretionary
appropriations exceed annual discretionary program costs, the Pell Grant program is able to accumulate a surplus that
remains available to fund discretionary award program costs in subsequent years. T he Congressional Budget Office
(CBO) has estimated a surplus of $10.2 billion at the start of FY2020. See Congressional Budget Office, Pell Grant
Program —CBO’s Baseline as of March 6, 2020, March 2020.
91 FY2020 LHHS omnibus, §309.
92 FY2020 LHHS omnibus, §308.
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Table 9. Detailed ED Appropriations
(Dol ars in mil ions)
FY2020
FY2020
House
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
Cmte.
(P.L. 116-
Account and Selected Program
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 2740)
94)
Education for the Disadvantaged
16,544
16,377
17,564
16,997
Grants to Local Educational Agencies
15,860
15,860
16,860
16,310
Comprehensive Literacy Development Grants
190
0
195
192
Impact Aid
1,446
1,372
1,498
1,486
School Improvement Programs
5,247
676
6,016
5,405
Supporting Effective Instruction State Grants
2,056
0
2,556
2,132
21st Century Community Learning Centers
1,222
0
1,322
1,250
Student Support and Academic Enrichment Grants
1,170
0
1,320
1,210
Indian Education
180
176
186
181
Innovation and Improvement
1,036
1,107
1,224
1,104
Safe Schools and Citizenship Education
191
200
240
210
English Language Acquisition
737
737
980
787
Special Education
13,469
13,469
14,524
13,885
Part B—Assistance for Education of al Children with
Disabilities
12,756
12,756
13,768
13,159
Part C—Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities
470
470
491
477
Rehabilitation Services
3,657
3,720
3,752
3,748
Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants (mandatory)
3,522
3,610
3,610
3,610
Special Institutions for Persons with Disabilities
242
217
257
249
Career, Technical, and Adult Education
1,926
1,842
2,003
1,961
Career and Technical Education
1,270
1,283
1,317
1,290
Student Financial Assistance
24,445
22,975
24,937
24,520
Pel maximum grant (non-add)
5,135
5,135
5,285
5,285
Federal Pel Grant Program
22,475
22,475
22,475
22,475
Federal Direct Student Loan Program Account
350
0
350
50
Student Aid Administration
1,679
1,812
1,679
1,769
Higher Education
2,312
1,534
2,749
2,476
Federal TRIO Programs
1,060
950
1,160
1,090
Howard University
237
222
250
240
College Housing & Academic Facilities Loansa
0
0
0
0
HBCU Capital Financing Program Account
40
40
50
46
Institute of Education Sciences
615
522
650
623
Departmental Management
616
635
623
623
Total, ED BA in the Bill
74,970
67,634
79,534
76,361
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

FY2020
FY2020
House
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
Cmte.
(P.L. 116-
Account and Selected Program
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 2740)
94)
Subtotal, Mandatory
3,522
3,610
3,610
3,610
Subtotal, Discretionary
71,448
64,023
75,924
72,751
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
0.2
—
—
—
P.L. 116-26 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-113 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-123 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-127 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-136 (emergency)
—
—
—
30,925
P.L. 116-139 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
Memoranda (non-emergency funds only)

Total, BA Available in Fiscal Year (current year from
any bil )
74,970
67,634
79,534
76,361
Total, BA Advances for Future Years (provided in
current bil )
22,597
22,597
22,597
22,597
Total, BA Advances from Prior Years (for use in
current year)
22,597
22,597
22,597
22,597
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying on the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or
reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1 ) reflect
al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
Non-add amounts are displayed in italics and parentheses; these amounts are not part of the appropriations
totals.
a. Actual amount for Col ege Housing & Academic Facilities Loans is roughly $450,000 in each column, which
rounds to $0 in mil ions (the unit of measure used in this table).
Related Agencies
Note that al amounts in this section are based on regular LHHS appropriations only; they do not
include funds provided outside of the annual appropriations process (e.g., mandatory
appropriations for Social Security benefit payments). Al amounts in this section are rounded to
the nearest mil ion or bil ion (as labeled). The dollar changes and percentage changes in the text
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are based on unrounded amounts. For consistency with source materials, amounts do not reflect
sequestration or reestimates of mandatory spending programs, where applicable.
FY2020 Related Agencies Appropriations Overview
Table 10 displays FY2020 proposed and enacted funding levels for LHHS related agencies, along
with FY2019 enacted levels. Totals in this table do not include emergency supplemental
appropriations; amounts provided in supplementals are displayed separately at the bottom of the
table and are in addition to regular appropriations. For a discussion of the FY2020 supplemental
appropriations displayed below the bil totals in Table 10, see Appendix C.
In general, discretionary funding constitutes about 20% of total appropriations for LHHS related
agencies each year. The FY2020 LHHS omnibus increased discretionary appropriations for
related agencies by about 0.3% compared to FY2019. The President’s budget would have
decreased discretionary appropriations for related agencies by about 11.8%, while the House
committee bil would have increased such appropriations by 2.7%.
Table 10. Related Agencies Appropriations Overview
(Dol ars in bil ions)
FY2020
House
FY2020
FY2019
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
Funding
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 2740)
(P.L. 116-94)
Discretionary
15.3
13.5
15.7
15.4
Mandatory
56.2
57.3
57.3
57.3
Total BA in the Bill
71.5
70.9
73.1
72.7
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-26 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-113 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-123 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-127 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-136 (emergency)
—
—
—
0.4
P.L. 116-139 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or
reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
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The largest share of funding appropriated to related agencies in the LHHS bil consistently goes
to the Social Security Administration (SSA). When taking into account both mandatory and
discretionary funding, SSA usual y represents roughly 97% of total appropriations to related
agencies in the LHHS bil . The bulk of mandatory funding provided to SSA from the LHHS bil
supports the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program, which provides means-tested cash
assistance to disabled adults and children and to seniors aged 65 or older.
When looking exclusively at discretionary funding, SSA received 84.4% of discretionary
appropriations for LHHS related agencies in the FY2020 LHHS omnibus. After SSA, the next-
largest related agency in terms of appropriations is usual y the Corporation for National and
Community Service (CNCS), which accounted for about 1.5% of total appropriations and 7.2% of
discretionary appropriations to LHHS related agencies in FY2020. Typical y, each of the
remaining related agencies receives less than $1 bil ion from the annual LHHS appropriations
bil . For more information, see Table 11.
Selected Related Agencies Highlights
The following sections highlight FY2020 appropriations issues for selected related agencies.
Table 11 tracks funding levels for these related agencies.
SSA Limitation on Administrative Expenses (LAE)
The SSA LAE account consists mainly of funds that are used by SSA to administer the Social
Security and SSI programs and to support CMS in administering portions of Medicare. The
account also contains funds that are specifical y set aside for certain program integrity activities,
such as continuing disability reviews (CDRs) and SSI nonmedical redeterminations. The FY2020
LHHS omnibus provided $12.9 bil ion to the LAE account, which was a slight decrease (-$1
mil ion) relative to the FY2019 enacted level. The President’s request would have provided about
$99 mil ion (-0.8%) less for the LAE account relative to FY2019, while the House committee bil
would have increased LAE funding by $200 mil ion (+1.6%).
Of the $12.9 bil ion provided to the LAE account for FY2020, nearly $1.6 bil ion (12.3%) was
dedicated to program integrity activities. The program integrity portion of the LAE ac count
included $273 mil ion in base funding subject to the discretionary spending caps established by
the Budget Control Act of 2011, as wel as additional funding that was effectively exempt from
those caps and subject to an annual limit (cap adjustment funding; see Appendix A for further
information). The FY2020 LHHS omnibus provided $1.3 bil ion in cap adjustment funding,
which was the maximum amount permitted for FY2020.93 However, federal law al owed more
cap adjustment funding for FY2019 than for FY2020, and additional FY2020 funds to sustain the
prior year level of funding were subject to the cap. The combined amount of program integrity
funding enacted for FY2020 was $101 mil ion (-6.0%) less than the combined amount enacted for
FY2019. Both the FY2020 President’s budget and the House committee bil would have also
provided the maximum amount of cap adjustment funding permitted for FY2020.
Corporation for National and Community Service
The CNCS is an independent federal agency that administers a variety of national and community
service programs, such as AmeriCorps and the National Senior Volunteer Corps.94 The FY2020

93 See 2 U.S.C. §901(b)(2)(B).
94 See CRS Report RL33931, The Corporation for National and Community Service: Overview of Programs and
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LHHS omnibus provided $1.1 bil ion in total CNCS funding, a $21 mil ion (+2.0%) increase
from the FY2019 enacted level. The FY2020 President’s budget had requested $104 mil ion (-
90.4%) for CNCS,95 noting that these funds would be used to execute an orderly shutdown of
CNCS operations, with the agency’s closure slated to be complete by the end of FY2020.96 The
House committee bil declined the President’s proposal, proposing instead to increase CNCS
funding by $55 mil ion (+5.1%) compared to the FY2019 enacted level.
National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
The NLRB is an independent board that enforces provisions in the National Labor Relations Act
(NLRA). The FY2020 LHHS omnibus maintained the FY2019 funding levels for the NLRB of
$274 mil ion. The FY2020 President’s budget would have decreased funding for the NLRB by
$33 mil ion (-11.9%) compared to the FY2019 enacted level, while the House committee bil
would have increased funding for the NLRB by $67 mil ion (+24.5%).
The FY2020 LHHS omnibus retained a provision that has been included in the LHHS bil since
FY2012 that prohibits any funds appropriated to the NLRB in the bil , or any prior appropriations
act, from being used to issue a directive or regulation to provide employees a means of voting
through any electronic method in an election determining representation for collective bargaining
(§407).
Table 11. Detailed Related Agencies Appropriations
(Dol ars in mil ions)
FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L.
Agency, Program, Project, or Activity
Enacted
Request
2740)
116-94)
Committee for Purchase from People Who Are Blind or
Severely Disabled (U.S. AbilityOne Commission)
8
9
9
10
Corporation for National and Community Service
(CNCS)
1,083
104a
1,138
1,104
Selected CNCS Programs/Initiatives:

Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA)
92
5
95
93
National Senior Volunteer Corps
208
0b
222
221
AmeriCorps State and National Grants
425
2
450
429
National Civilian Community Corps
32
23
33
33
National Service Trust
207
10c
219
208

Funding.
95 T his report uses the figure that was published in the FY2020 LHHS omnibus explanatory statement, which is the
source document used by this report for the FY2020 request. (See the Source notes for Table 11 for further
information.) According to the Corporation for National and Community Service (CNCS) FY2020 budget justification,
the total amount requested for CNCS was $94 million (see CNCS, FY2 020 Congressional Budget Justification, March
18, 2019, p. 2, https://www.nationalservice.gov/sites/default/files/documents/CNCSFY2020CBJ-
FinalwupdatedOIG508compliant.pdf).
96 T he budget request indicated that the elimination of CNCS would return the “ responsibility to fund national service
and volunteerism to the private and nonprofit sectors.” See ibid. Previous President’s budgets for FY2018 and FY2019
had also proposed an elimination of CNCS.
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FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L.
Agency, Program, Project, or Activity
Enacted
Request
2740)
116-94)
Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB)
465
0d
515
485
Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service
47
47
48
47
Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission
17
17
17
17
Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS)
242
23
267
252
Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC)
13
13
13
13
Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission
(MACPAC)
8
9
8
9
National Council on Disability
3
3
3
3
National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
274
242
342
274
National Mediation Board
14
14
16
14
Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission
13
13
13
13
Railroad Retirement Board (RRB)
153
142
162
150
Dual Benefits (minus tax receipts)
18
15
15
15
Federal Payment to RR Retirement Account (mandatory)e
0
0
0
0
Limitation on Administration
124
116
136
124
Inspector General
11
11
12
11
Social Security Administration (SSA)
69,130
70,217
70,515
70,314
Payments to Social Security Trust Funds (mandatory)
11
11
11
11
Supplemental Security Income (SSI) (mandatory)
56,143
57,328
57,328
57,328
Limitation on Administrative Expenses (LAE)
12,871
12,772
13,071
12,870
Regular LAE (incl. user fees, non-add)
11,188
11,190
11,489
11,288
Program Integrity (non-add)
1,683
1,582
1,582
1,582
Office of Inspector General
106
106
106
106
Total, Related Agencies BA in the Bill
71,471
70,853
73,067
72,706
Subtotal, Mandatory
56,154
57,339
57,339
57,339
Subtotal, Discretionary
15,317
13,514
15,728
15,367
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-26 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-113 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-123 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-127 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-136 (emergency)
—
—
—
430
P.L. 116-139 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
—
—
—
—
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

FY2020
House
FY2020
Cmte.
Enacted
FY2019
FY2020
(H.R.
(P.L.
Agency, Program, Project, or Activity
Enacted
Request
2740)
116-94)
Memoranda (non-emergency funds only)

Total, BA Available in Fiscal Year (current year from any bil )
71,271
70,683
72,817
72,486
Total, BA Advances for Future Years (provided in current bil )
20,145
19,900
20,395
20,365
Total, BA Advances from Prior Years (for use in current year)
19,945
19,730
20,145
20,145
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or
reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
al BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
a. This report uses the figure that was published in the FY2020 LHHS omnibus explanatory statement, which
is the source document used by this report for the FY2020 request. (See the Source notes for further
information.) According to the Corporation for National and Community Service (CNCS) FY2020 budget
justification, the total amount requested for CNCS was $94 mil ion (see CNCS, FY2020 Congressional
Budget Justification, March 18, 2019, p. 2, https://www.nationalservice.gov/sites/default/files/documents/
CNCSFY2020CBJ-FinalwupdatedOIG508compliant.pdf).
b. The actual amount requested is roughly $333,000, which rounds to $0 in mil ions (the unit of measure used
in this table).
c. This report uses the figure that was published in the FY2020 LHHS omnibus explanatory statement, which
is the source document used by this report for the FY2020 request. (See the “Source” notes for further
information.) According to the CNCS FY2020 budget justification, the total amount requested for the
National Service Trust was $0 (see CNCS, FY2020 Congressional Budget Justification, March 18, 2019, p. 2,
https://www.nationalservice.gov/sites/default/files/documents/CNCSFY2020CBJ-
FinalwupdatedOIG508compliant.pdf).
d. This report uses the figure that was published in the FY2020 LHHS omnibus explanatory statement, which
is the source document used by this report for the FY2020 request. (See the Source notes for further
information.) According to FY2020 Budget Appendix, the Corporation for Pu blic Broadcasting (CPB) was
proposed for elimination, and an amount of $30 mil ion each for FY2020 and FY2021 was requested “to
conduct an orderly closeout of Federal funding for the Corporation.” For FY2020, this $30 mil ion amount
is what would have remained after a proposed rescission of $415 mil ion to the CBP’s already-enacted
FY2020 advance appropriation (see Budget for Fiscal Year 2020, Appendix, p. 1162,
https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/BUDGET-2020-APP/pdf/BUDGET-2020-APP-1-31.pdf).
e. The actual amount of mandatory federal payments to the Railroad Retirement account is roughly $150,000
in each column, which rounds to $0 in mil ions (the unit of measure used in this table).
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Appendix A. Budget Enforcement Activities
The framework for budget enforcement under the congressional budget process has both statutory
and procedural elements. The statutory elements include the discretionary spending limits and
mandatory spending sequester derived from the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA; P.L. 112-25)
and the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (BBEDCA; P.L. 99-177),
as amended. The procedural elements are primarily associated with the budget resolution and
limit both total discretionary spending and spending under the jurisdiction of each appropriations
subcommittee.
Statutory budget enforcement requirements that apply to FY2020 discretionary spending were
altered prior to the start of the fiscal year by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019 (BBA 2019; P.L.
116-37) which was enacted on August 2, 2019. This law increased the defense and nondefense
discretionary spending limits for FY2020 and FY2021, and extended mandatory spending
sequestration through FY2029.97 Subsequently, mandatory spending sequestration was further
extended through FY2030 by the CARES Act (P.L. 116-136), enacted on March 27, 2020.
Budget Control Act and Sequestration
The BCA provides budget process mechanisms to reduce mandatory spending and further reduce
discretionary spending over an extended period.98 For mandatory spending, reductions are to
occur through sequestration in each of fiscal years between FY2013-FY2030.99 For discretionary
spending, reductions occurred through sequestration in FY2013, but are to be achieved through
lower discretionary spending limits for each of the fiscal years between FY2014-FY2021. The
BCA does not require a sequester of discretionary spending in FY2014-FY2021 unless one or
both of the statutory discretionary spending limits (on “defense” and “nondefense” spending) is
breached. Only discretionary spending subject to a given spending limit is affected by a breach of
that limit, and the LHHS bil only includes funding in the nondefense category.
FY2020 Mandatory Spending Sequestration
On March 18, 2019, concurrent with the release of the full set of President’s budget materials,
President Trump issued the required FY2020 sequestration order, cal ing for nonexempt
mandatory spending to be reduced on October 1, 2019.100 The Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) estimated that the FY2019 sequestration percentages would equal 2% of nonexempt
Medicare spending and 5.9% of other nonexempt nondefense mandatory spending, for a total

97 For a discussion of how these discretionary spending requirements for FY2014-FY2019 were modified by the
Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, and the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018, see CRS
Report R43236, Labor, Health and Hum an Services, and Education: FY2014 Appropriations; and CRS Report
R44287, Labor, Health and Hum an Services, and Education: FY2016 Appropriations, and CRS Report R45083, Labor,
Health and Hum an Services, and Education: FY2018 Appropriations.
98 T he BCA initially imposed limits on discretionary spending for each of FY2012 -FY2021. Further reductions to
discretionary spending were triggered when the Joint Committee on Deficit Reduction did not report legislation to
achieve a specified amount of budgetary savings.
99 As originally enacted, mandatory sequestration was scheduled to run through FY2021, but this period has
subsequently been incrementally extended to FY2027 by P.L. 113-67, P.L. 113-82, P.L. 114-74, P.L. 115-123, P.L.
116-37, and P.L. 116-136.
100 Sequestration Order for Fiscal Year 2020 Pursuant to Section 251A of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
Control Act, As Am ended, Federal Register Volume 84, Issue 55 (March 18, 2019), https://www.govinfo.gov/content/
pkg/FR-2019-03-21/pdf/2019-05547.pdf.
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reduction of $20 bil ion in FY2020.101 (OMB also estimated an 8.6% reduction, totaling $842
mil ion, in nonexempt defense mandatory spending, which does not affect LHHS funds.)
FY2020 Statutory Discretionary Spending Limits
With regard to discretionary spending, the FY2020 statutory spending limits that were in effect at
the time the OMB estimates were released with the full President’s budget materials on March 18,
2019, were $576 bil ion for defense spending and $543 bil ion for nondefense spending. Relative
to FY2019, the nondefense limit would have required a reduction in spending subject to that limit
of $54 bil ion (-9.0%). (A more significant reduction relative to the prior-year limit of 10.9%
would have been required of FY2020 spending subject to the defense limit.)
To ease these defense and nondefense spending reductions, among other purposes, BBA 2019
was enacted on August 2, 2019.102 BBA 2019 increased the FY2020 nondefense limit to $622
bil ion, which was 4.1% more than the limit that was in effect in FY2019 ($597 bil ion). Once al
regular annual appropriations acts were enacted for FY2020 and al owable adjustments to the
spending limits (discussed below) were made, OMB determined that those appropriations did not
violate either of the spending limits, and thus no sequestration of discretionary spending would be
required.103
Cap Adjustments, Exemptions, and Special Rules
The BCA al ows for certain adjustments to the discretionary spending limits for FY2012-
FY2021.104 An adjustment effectively raises the applicable spending limits when funding subject
to that adjustment is enacted. In addition to the LHHS-specific adjustments that are discussed in
the paragraph below, the BCA includes an adjustment for funding designated as an “emergency
requirement.” The BCA includes no dollar limit to the amount of appropriations each fiscal year
that can be designated in this manner, and no criteria that would restrict the use of this adjustment
to certain accounts or activities. Thus far, al FY2020 LHHS supplemental appropriations
(totaling $280 bil ion) have been designated as emergency requirements.
The BCA also provides adjustments that are specifical y for LHHS accounts and activities, al of
which are subject to dollar limits each fiscal year. As original y enacted, the BCA al owed
increases to the nondefense limit (up to a point) to accommodate new budget authority for
specified program integrity initiatives at HHS and the Social Security Administration (SSA). 105

101 OMB Report to the Congress on the Joint Committee Reductions for Fiscal Year 2020 , March 18, 2019, available at
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/2020_JC_Sequestration_Report_3-18-19.pdf. See the
report’s appendix for an itemized list of budget accounts that include mandatory spending subject to sequestration in
FY2020, the dollar amounts subject to sequestration (based on OMB’s current law baseline), the percentage by which
they would be reduced, and the dollar amount of the reduction. While the report displays reductions at the account
level, the sequester itself is implemented at the program , project, or activity level.
102 For a discussion of the various budget enforcement elements of BBA 2019, see CRS Insight IN11148, The
Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019: Changes to the BCA and Debt Lim it.
103 OMB, Budget Enforcement Act Report (Seven-Day-After), Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020, January 15, 2020, https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/
7_Day_After_Report_Consolidated_1-14-20_Speaker.pdf.
104 For further information, see CRS Report R45778, Exceptions to the Budget Control Act’s Discretionary Spending
Lim its.
105 For further information about the allowable FY2018 adjustments, see OMB Sequestration Preview Report to the
President and Congress for Fiscal Year 2018 , May 23, 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/
omb/sequestration_reports/2018_preview_report_may2017_potus.pdf.
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The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 (P.L. 114-74) amended the list of SSA activities that may be
covered by this “cap adjustment” to include costs associated with work-related continuing
disability reviews, Cooperative Disability Investigations, and fraud prosecutions by Special
Assistant U.S. Attorneys, and revised the amount of the al owable SSA adjustment amounts to be
more generous in FY2017-FY2019 compared to what was previously al owed, but less generous
in FY2021.106 The BBA 2018 then added a new cap to accommodate new budget authority for the
DOL to help fund the reemployment services and eligibility assessments conducted by the states
related to unemployment compensation.107
Separate from these cap adjustments, the 21st Century Cures Act (Cures Act, P.L. 114-255), which
was enacted on December 13, 2016, includes additional budget enforcement procedures related to
the discretionary spending limits.108 For the purposes of FY2020 LHHS appropriations, these
procedures apply only to the NIH Innovation Account that was created by the act.109 The Cures
Act provides that discretionary appropriations from this account (up to the amount authorized) are
to be subtracted from any cost estimates provided for purposes of budget controls. Thus, the
Cures Act ensures that appropriations from this account wil not count against any spending
limits, such as the statutory discretionary spending limits imposed by the BCA.
An additional set of statutory exemptions and special rules that apply to sequestration are relevant
for the LHHS bil . The LHHS bil contains several programs that are exempt from sequestration,
including Medicaid, payments to health care trust funds, Supplemental Security Income, Special
Benefits for Disabled Coal Miners, retirement pay and medical benefits for commissioned Public
Health Service officers, foster care and adoption assistance, and certain family support payments.
The LHHS bil also contains several programs that are subject to special rules under
sequestration, such as unemployment compensation, certain student loans, health centers, and
portions of Medicare.110
Budget Resolution and 302(b) Suballocations
The procedural elements of budget enforcement general y stem from requirements under the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-44) that are associated with the adoption of an annual
budget resolution. Through this process, the Appropriations Committee in each chamber receives
a procedural limit on the total amount of discretionary budget authority for the upcoming fiscal
year, referred to as a 302(a) al ocation. The Appropriations Committee subsequently divides this
al ocation among its 12 subcommittees. These subcommittee-level spending limits are referred to
as 302(b) subal ocations. The 302(b) subal ocations restrict the amount of budget authority
available to each subcommittee for the agencies, projects, and activities under its jurisdiction,

106 For further information, see CRS Report R44250, Social Security and Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)
Provisions in the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015.
107 For information on the programmatic changes associated with this cap adjustment that were also included in the
BBA 2018, see CRS Report R44836, Unem ployment Insurance: Legislative Issues in the 115th Congress.
108 T hese procedures originally applied to two accounts within the scope of the LHHS bill that were created by the
Cures Act : the NIH Innovation Account (FY2017-FY2026) and the Account for the State Response to the Opioid
Abuse Crisis (FY2017-FY2018). T hese procedures have lapsed for the State Response to the Opioid Abuse Crisis
account as of the end of FY2018, but are still in effect for the NIH Innovation Account through FY2026.
109 T he 21st Century Cures Act also created a non-LHHS account—the FDA Innovation Account —and made it subject
to similar budget enforcement -related provisions. For more information, see CRS Report R44720, The 21st Century
Cures Act (Division A of P.L. 114-255).
110 For more information, see CRS Report R42050, Budget “Sequestration” and Selected Program Exemptions and
Special Rules.
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effectively acting as a cap on each of the 12 regular appropriations bil s. Enforcement of the
302(a) al ocation and 302(b) subal ocations occurs through points of order.
For the FY2020 appropriations cycle, the House and the Senate did not agree to a budget
resolution.111 Early in the cycle, on March 28, 2019, the Senate Budget Committee approved a
budget resolution (S.Con.Res. 12) by a vote of 11-9. An accompanying committee print was
issued on April 1, reiterating the Senate Budget Committee’s intention to adhere to the “current
law” BCA spending limits in FY2020.112 S.Con.Res. 12 did not receive Senate floor
consideration. The House voted to adopt a deeming resolution (H.Res. 293) on April 9, 2019,
which gave the House Appropriations Committee a spending al ocation of approximately $1.295
tril ion for FY2020.113 This is about $176 bil ion (+16%) more than the combined FY2020
statutory discretionary spending limits in place at that time. (Prior to the BBA 2019, these limits
came to $1.119 tril ion.) On the basis of this authority and concurrent with its first FY2020
markup, the House Appropriations Committee reported its initial subal ocations on May 14, 2019;
it reported subsequent revisions several times during the summer months.114 (Revisions to
subal ocations throughout the appropriations process are a common practice to reflect actual
action on appropriations bil s and changes in congressional priorities.)
As of August 2, 2019, provisions in the BBA 2019 provided alternative procedures for the House
and Senate to adopt enforceable spending al ocations, including al ocations for the appropriations
subcommittees that would take account of the revisions to the discretionary spending limits.115 On
September 12, concurrent with its first full committee FY2020 markup, the Senate Appropriations
Committee ordered reported their initial 302(b) al ocations; it subsequently reported revisions on
several occasions.116
For current-year LHHS discretionary funding, Table A-1 displays FY2019 enacted levels, the
House and the Senate FY2020 initial subal ocations, and enacted FY2020 LHHS appropriations.
The table shows that the House would have increased regular LHHS discretionary appropriations
by about $11.8 bil ion (+6.6%) compared to the prior fiscal year, whereas the Senate would have
increased those appropriations by $223 mil ion (+0.1%). Ultimately, final enacted appropriations
were about $5 bil ion (+2.8%) higher than the prior fiscal year.
The table also displays funding for which adjustments may be made to the discretionary spending
limits under the BCA, including funding for certain LHHS program integrity activities and
emergency requirements, where applicable. The “Adjusted Appropriations” total includes this
funding.

111 For a discussion of budget enforcement mechanisms that may be adopted in the absence of a budget resolution, see
CRS Report R44296, Deem ing Resolutions: Budget Enforcem ent in the Absence of a Budget Resolution ; and CRS
Report R43535, Provisions in the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013 as an Alternative to a Traditional Budget Resolution .
112 S. Prt. 116-13, p. 13, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CPRT -116SPRT 35701/pdf/CPRT -116SPRT 35701.pdf.
113 For background on deeming resolutions, see CRS Report RL31443, The “Deeming Resolution”: A Budget
Enforcem ent Tool
114 T hese House Appropriations Committee suballocations were initially reported as H.Rept. 116-59. Subsequent
revisions were reported as H.Rept. 116-80, H.Rept. 116-103, and H.Rept. 116-124. (The House Appropriations
Committee has thus far not opted to report new suballocations on the basis of the BBA 2019 authorities.)
115 For an explanation of these authorities, see CRS Insight IN11148, The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019: Changes to
the BCA and Debt Lim it.
116 These Senate Appropriations Committee suballocations were initially reported as S.Rept. 116-104. Subsequent
revisions were reported as S.Rept. 116-106, S.Rept. 116-121, S.Rept. 116-122, S.Rept. 116-139, S.Rept. 116-181,
S.Rept. 116-207, S.Rept. 116-223, and S.Rept. 116-224.
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Compliance with discretionary spending al ocations is evaluated based on budget authority
available in the current fiscal year, adjusted for scorekeeping by CBO. As such, totals shown in
this table may not be comparable to other totals shown in this report. Current-year budget
authority totals exclude advance appropriations for future years, but include advance
appropriations from prior years that become available in the current year. (Advance
appropriations are provided to selected LHHS accounts, general y in order to manage specific
planning concerns and ensure continuity of operations at the start of a new fiscal year.)
Table A-1. FY2020 LHHS Discretionary House and Senate Initial 302(b)
Suballocations, FY2020 Enacted Levels, and FY2019 Enacted Levels
(Budget authority in bil ions)
FY2019
FY2020 Initial
FY2020 Initial
FY2020

Enacted
House 302(b)
Senate 302(b)
Enacted
Regular Appropriations
178.076
189.876
178.299
183.042
Adjustments:

Program Integrity
1.897
—
—
1.842
Emergency
3.493
—
—
280.000
Requirements
Adjusted Appropriationsa
183.466
—
—
464.884
Source: Table prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). Amounts shown for FY201 9 Enacted are
as scored by CBO (see Fiscal Year 2019 House Current Status of Discretionary Appropriations As of July 1, 2019,
https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2019-07/FY2019-House-2019-07-08.pdf). Amounts shown for FY2020
Enacted are as scored by CBO (see Fiscal Year 2020 House Current Status of Discretionary Appropriations as of April
24, 2020, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2020-05/FY2020-House-2020-4-24.pdf). The House Initial 302(b)
is as reported in H.Rept. 116-59 on May 14, 2019. The Senate Initial 302(b) is as reported in S.Rept. 116-104 on
September 12, 2019.
Notes: It is common for subal ocations to be revised over the course of the year to reflect actual action on
appropriations bil s and changes in congressional priorities. Regular appropriations reflect current-year
discretionary budget authority subject to the spending limits. Adjusted appropriations include, where applicable,
discretionary funds for which special rules apply with regard to the spending limits, including certain funds for
program integrity activities. Enacted appropriations include advance appropriations enacted in prior fiscal years
that first become available in those fiscal years. They also include the LHHS supplemental appropriations that
were designated as emergency requirements in FY2019 (P.L. 116-20 and P.L. 116-26) and FY2020 (P.L. 116-113,
P.L. 116-123, P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, and P.L. 116-139). Enacted amounts do not include, where applicable,
funds provided under certain authorities in the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255) that are effectively exempt
from discretionary spending limits. (For FY2019, these funds totaled $711 mil ion in budget authority for LHHS;
for FY2020, these funds totaled $492 mil ion.)
a. Neither the initial House nor the initial Senate 302(b) subal ocations for LHHS included amounts for
program integrity or emergency requirements adjustments.
Current-Year Budget Authority
Table A-2 displays the total LHHS current-year budget authority, by title. The amounts shown in
this table reflect total budget authority available for obligation in the fiscal year, regardless of the
year in which it was first appropriated. (In other words, these amounts exclude advance
appropriations for future years, but include advance appropriations from prior years that became
available in the applicable current year.) Amounts in the FY2019 enacted column include FY2019
budget authority provided by the FY2017 omnibus (P.L. 115-31) and FY2018 omnibus (P.L. 115-
141). Similarly, the FY2020 President’s budget, House committee, and enacted columns include
FY2020 budget authority provided by the FY2018 and FY2019 omnibuses. (For a comparable
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table showing total budget authority in the bil , rather than current-year budget authority, see
Table 2 in this report.) As mentioned above, it is current-year budget authority (adjusted for
scorekeeping by CBO) that is used to determine compliance with discretionary spending
al ocations.
Table A-2. LHHS Appropriations Overview, by Bill Title: FY2019-FY2020
(Current-year budget authority in bil ions of dol ars)
FY2020
FY2020
FY2019
FY2020
House Cmte.
Enacted
Bill Title
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 2740)
(P.L. 116-94)
Title I: Labor
13.6
12.4
14.7
13.8
Discretionary
12.1
11.0
13.3
12.4
Mandatory
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
Title II: HHS
896.0
914.1
937.2
932.7
Discretionary
90.5
78.1
99.4
94.9
Mandatory
805.5
836.1
837.8
837.8
Title III: Education
75.0
67.6
79.5
76.4
Discretionary
71.4
64.0
75.9
72.8
Mandatory
3.5
3.6
3.6
3.6
Title IV: Related Agencies
71.3
70.7
72.8
72.5
Discretionary
15.3
13.5
15.7
15.3
Mandatory
56.0
57.1
57.1
57.1
Total Current Year BAa
1,055.8
1,064.8
1,104.2
1,095.3
Discretionary
189.4
166.6
204.3
195.4
Mandatory
866.4
898.2
899.9
899.9
P.L. 116-20 (emergency)
0.5
—
—
—
P.L. 116-26 (emergency)
2.9
—
—
—
P.L. 116-113 (emergency)
—
—
—
0.2
P.L. 116-123 (emergency)
—
—
—
6.4
P.L. 116-127 (emergency)
—
—
—
1.3
P.L. 116-136 (emergency)
—
—
—
172.1
P.L. 116-139 (emergency)
—
—
—
100.0
Memoranda:

Advances for Future Years (provided in current
bil )b
186.7
188.3
189.1
189.1
Advances from Prior Years (for use in current
year)b
183.3
186.2
186.7
186.7
Additional Scorekeeping Adjustmentsc
-9.4
-24.8
-12.6
-10.5
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2019 Enacted, FY2020 Request, and FY2020 Enacted columns are
general y drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the explanatory statement accompanying the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94), available in the Congressional Record, vol. 165, no. 204, December 17, 2019,
pp. H11061-H11161. Amounts in the FY2020 House Committee column are general y drawn from or calculated
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based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 116-62) accompanying H.R. 2740. Enacted totals for
FY2019 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-20 or P.L. 116-26. Enacted
totals for FY2020 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided by P.L. 116-113, P.L. 116-123,
P.L. 116-127, P.L. 116-136, or P.L. 116-139. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table general y
do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect an y transfers or
reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
current-year budget authority; (2) have general y not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only
those funds provided (or requested) for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS
Subcommittees of the House and the Senate Committees on Appropriations; and (4) do not include
appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s. No amounts are shown for Title V, because this title
consists solely of general provisions.
a. Totals in this table are based on current-year budget authority, meaning budget authority that is available
for obligation in a given fiscal year, regardless of the year in which it was first appropriated (i.e., totals
exclude advance appropriations for future years, but include advance appropriations from prior years that
became available in the applicable current year).
b. The calculation for total budget authority in the bil (rather than total budget authority available for
obligation in the current fiscal year) is as fol ows: Total Current Year BA minus Advances from Prior Years
plus Advances for Future Years. The amount for both Advances from Prior Years and Advances for Future
Years is the combined total of mandatory and discretionary spending.
c. Totals in this table have general y not been adjusted for further scorekeeping. (To adjust for scorekeeping,
add this line to the total budget authority.)

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Appendix B. House Floor Amendments Offered to
H.R. 2740
The House began its initial floor consideration of the FY2020 LHHS bil (H.R. 2740) the week of
June 10, 2019. In setting up the terms of this consideration, the House adopted a series of special
rules that combined the text of the LHHS bil with those of three other appropriations measures,
and specified the amendments that would be in order.117 For the purposes of the portion of H.R.
2740 containing LHHS appropriations—Division A—the relevant special rules were H.Res. 431
and H.Res. 436. The Rules Committee reports accompanying those special rules contain the texts
of the 79 LHHS amendments made in order.118
House consideration of LHHS amendments occurred on June 12 and 13. Of the amendments
made in order, 64 were offered on the floor and adopted. Six additional amendments were
defeated and three were withdrawn. (Six that were made in order were not offered.) Al of the
amendments that were offered and their dispositions are listed in Table B-1 below.
H.R. 2740 was passed by the House, as amended, by a vote of 226-203, on June 19, 2019.
Table B-1. House Floor Amendments Offered to H.R. 2740
House
Amdt.
No.
Amdt. Summary from the Rules Committee
Disposition
267
Strikes rider in underlying bil that blocks conscience protections at the Department
Rejected, 192 -
of Health and Human Services.
230
268
Ensures medical y-tailored nutrition interventions are included in evidence-based
Adopted, 338 -
practices for enhancing senior nutrition under the Older Americans Act.
83
269
Increases funding for NIH’s Building and Facilities account by $5 mil ion to help to
Withdrawn
address an estimated $2 bil ion backlog in maintenance and repairs.
270
Increases funding for refugee and entrant assistance by $10 mil ion.
Adopted, 243 -
179
271
Increases and decreases funding for the Bureau of Labor Statistics by $1 mil ion to
Adopted, 290 -
al ow the Bureau of Labor Statistics to col ect data on job loss due to automation;
134
job loss due to shifting employees to contractors; and mass layoffs and the causes of
them.
272
Increases and decreases funding for the National Cancer Institute by $1 mil ion to
Adopted, 381 -
support a National Cancer Institute study on how to improve communication
42
between cancer care providers, cancer patients, and survivors.
273
Increases and decreases funding for Innovation and Improvement at the Department
Adopted, 347 -
of Education by $1 mil ion to encourage the Department to ensure that Statewide
76
Family Engagement Center grantees receive ful and adequate funding
274
Increases and decreases funding for Children’s Mental Health Services Grants by $5
Adopted, 369 -
mil ion to support school-based, early childhood mental health interventions.
55

117 LHHS appropriations were provided in Division A of H.R. 2740. T he other appropriations were: T he Department of
Defense Appropriations Act, 2020 (Division C); the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs
Appropriat ions Act, 2020 (Division D); and the Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations
Act, 2020 (Division E). T he House-passed version of H.R. 2740 did contain a Division B.
118 For H.Res. 431, see H.Rept. 116-109; for H.Res. 436, see H.Rept. 116-111.
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House
Amdt.
No.
Amdt. Summary from the Rules Committee
Disposition
275
Strikes the language that prevents the implementation of the Administration’s rule
Rejected, 191 -
requiring al Title X grant recipients to be `physical y and financial y separate from
231
abortion-providing facilities.' In the underlying bil , there is language that prevents any
funds from implementing said rule.
276
Removes and adds $1,000,000 from this account for the purpose of instructing the
Withdrawn
Administration for Children and Families to conduct an audit of the Head Start
Program to ensure that the grant funding selection and evaluation processes do not
result in a disparate impact on minority communities.
277
Redirects $2 mil ion from Program Administration under Departmental Management
Adopted, 413 -
at the Department of Education to Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases at the
11
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for Lyme Disease.
278
Prohibits the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) from using
Adopted, 241 -
funds appropriated in this Act to finalize or implement a proposed rule to weaken
181
health protections in OSHA's existing beryl ium standards that cover construction
and maritime workers.
279
Prohibits any funds appropriated to the Job Corps program from being used to either Adopted, 313 -
alter or terminate the Interagency Agreement between the U.S. Departments of
109
Labor and Agriculture that governs the Job Corps Civilian Conservation Center
(CCC) program. It would also prohibit any funds appropriated to the Job Corps
program from being used to close any of the 25 CCCs that are currently operating.
280
Increases and decreases by $10,000,000 funding to support greater diversity in the
Adopted, 317 -
pool of diabetes research professionals and patients participating in clinical trials.
105
281
Increases and decreases by $10,000,000 to support programs providing outreach and
Adopted, 312 -
support services targeting program participants at greatest risk of not completing a
109
col ege degree.
282
Increases FY20 funding for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Adopted, 413 -
(NIOSH) by $900,000, with the intent to obligate that $900,000 to the Firefighter
10
Cancer Registry within NIOSH. It offsets this increase by reducing General
Departmental Management funding for the Department of Health and Human
Services (HHS) by $900,000.
283
Increases funding to the account of Birth Defects, Development Disabilities,
Adopted, 410 -
Disabilities and Health by $2,000,000, and decrease the administration account in the
12
Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services by $2,000,000. Currently
under this account, there are zero dol ars al ocated for the Public Health Approach
to Blood Disorders Program for Sickle Cel Disease that wil support the CDC's
sickle cel disease surveil ance program to better identify affected individuals, to
understand their health outcomes, and to evaluate strategies to prevent
complications and risk factors that affect individuals living with this disease.
284
Increases and decreases by $6,250,000 the funding for the National Institute of
Adopted, 401 -
Environmental Health Sciences under the National Institute of Health in order to
23
support research into the impact of red tide and other Harmful Algal Blooms on
human health.
285
Increases funding for the Lifespan Respite Care Program.
Adopted, 356 -
67
286
Strikes Section 510 of the Labor-HHS Appropriations bil which currently prohibits
Adopted, 246 -
HHS from spending any federal dol ars to promulgate or adopt a national patient
178
identifier.
287
Adds and removes $1 from the Substance Abuse Treatment fund to instruct HHS to
Adopted, 336 -
prioritize funding for Medication Assisted Treatment.
87
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House
Amdt.
No.
Amdt. Summary from the Rules Committee
Disposition
288
Adds and removes $1 from the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the purpose of
Adopted, 260 -
instructing BLS to accept a wider and more forward-looking range of inputs into its
164
range of projections for its workforce of the future and should conduct the
Contingent Worker and Alternative Work Arrangement Supplement (CWS) to the
Current Population Survey. BLS should submit to Congress an estimate of the
resources it would need to make a range of forward-looking estimates, including
consultation with those industries that are driving rapid technological change and
those that wil be affected by that change to account for the increasing rate of
technological job displacement.
289
Increases the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority account by
Adopted, 358 -
$1,000,000 to support increased R&D for biosecurity.
66
290
Decreases the Health and Human Services General Departmental Management fund
Adopted, 341 -
by $5 mil ion and then increases the same fund by $5 mil ion for the purposes of
83
highlighting the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health's work in coordinating a
national public health campaign to fight vaccine misinformation, funding vaccine
communication research to strengthen the evidence base for what works in fighting
vaccine hesitance, and encouraging vaccine counseling.
291
Ful y funds Sec. 7081 of the SUPPORT Act, preventing overdoses while in emergency
Adopted, 415 -
rooms. The program would create a coordinated care model for overdose patients
9
who present in the emergency room.
292
Provides funding to expand the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Wel -Being
Adopted, 356 -
to include a study of children impacted by a parent's substance addiction to better
68
understand the opioid epidemic's impact on maltreated children.
293
Funds Section 7101 of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act at the
Adopted, 408 -
authorized level to establish Regional Centers of Excel ence in Substance Use
15
Disorder Education.
294
Provides additional resources to the CDC to address and better understand the
Adopted, 405 -
causes of the thousands of sudden unexpected deaths of children and infants that
19
occur annual y in our nation.
295
Increases funding for the CDC's Domestic Violence Community Projects.
Adopted, 348 -
75
296
Provides $1,000,000 for the distribution of Fentanyl Sticks.
Withdrawn
297
Increases by $2 mil ion the administration for community living aging and disability
Adopted, 376 -
services programs to support innovative programs that assist young people with
48
developmental disabilities in obtaining and sustaining long term employment, and that
prepare employers to support the success of those employees and decreases general
department management by $2 mil ion.
298
Increases the Substance Abuse Treatment program by $1,000,000 with the intention
Adopted, 420 -
of this increase in funding being al ocated to the Building Communities of Recovery
4
program. This increase wil strengthen our communities' response to the opioid
epidemic by promoting prevention, treatment, and recovery initiatives for individuals
struggling with substance abuse.
299
Increases funding for the substance abuse and mental health services administration
Adopted, 386 -
by $6.5 mil ion in order to support youth suicide prevention strategies This funding
38
would supplement the Garrett Lee Smith State/Tribal Youth Suicide Prevention and
Early Intervention Grant Program.
300
None of the funds made available by this Act may be used to implement, administer
Adopted, 236 -
or enforce the Trump administration's short-term, limited duration insurance rule.
188
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

House
Amdt.
No.
Amdt. Summary from the Rules Committee
Disposition
301
Transfers $90 mil ion from the ACA navigator program to the National Institute of
Rejected, 86 -
Mental Health.
237, 1 Present
302
Al ows grant funds for apprenticeships to be used for apprenticeship programs
Rejected, 158 -
registered with the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) as wel as industry-recognized
266
apprenticeship programs.
303
Increases CDC's Rape Prevention and Education program.
Adopted, 401 -
23
304
Increases funding for the National Institute of Al ergy and Infectious Disease by $3
Adopted, 356 -
mil ion with the intent to support the Consortium of Food Al ergy Research.
68
Reduces funding for the Office of the Secretary of Education's administrative
account.
305
Increases funding for Maternal and Child Health accounts by $7,000,000.
Adopted, 365 -
59
306
Reduces spending for each amount in Division A by 14 percent.
Rejected, 150 -
273
307
Increases and decreases by $1,000,000 to propose a study to examine how HHS can
Adopted, 283 -
facilitate ways to include programs for social determinants of health under the same
141
roof as traditional health services, and estimate what amount of additional funding
might be required.
308
Increases funding for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome research by $2 mil ion, offset
Adopted, 421 -
by spending in the office of the Secretary.
3
309
Increases funding for American History and Civics National Activities under the
Adopted, 327 -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act by $500,000.
97
310
Subtracts and then adds $1 from SAMHSA Mental Health account to specify that
Adopted, 396 -
SAMHSA should explore using its funds to explore peer to peer mental health
27
programs for first responders. The LHHS report includes language encouraging
SAMHSA to examine PTSD among first responders.
311
Ensures that the Office of Refugee Resettlement reports al children's deaths that
Adopted, 355 -
occur while children are in their custody.
68
312
Prohibits funds from being used to limit the functions of the Department of
Adopted, 275 -
Education Office for Civil Rights.
148
313
Increases and decreases by $5,000,000 for fund to be used specifical y study the
Adopted, 266 -
impact of firearm violence in elementary and secondary schools and higher education
150
institutions.
314
Increases the Higher Education account by $500,000. Funding intended to be used to
Adopted, 358 -
keep open the National Center for Col ege Students with Disabilities.
65
315
Increase funding for the Children and Families Services Programs account by $3
Adopted, 307 -
mil ion. Decreases the Departmental Management account by $3 mil ion.
115
316
Increases and decreases funds by $500,000 to support the Secretary of Health and
Adopted, 359 -
Human Services to conduct a feasibility study on al owing geolocation services with
64
respect to the location of cal ers to the suicide prevention lifeline referred to in
section 520E-3 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 6 290bb-3c).
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

House
Amdt.
No.
Amdt. Summary from the Rules Committee
Disposition
317
Requires the Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the Office of
Adopted, 285 -
Refugee Resettlement, to disclose to committees of jurisdiction and legal orientation
138
providers a monthly census per facility, broken down by gender and age group, of
unaccompanied alien children in the custody of the Department of Health and
Human Services, including locations operated through a contract with any other
entity (including a Federal, State, or local agency).
318
Increases and decreases $1 from the Health Resources and Services Administration
Adopted, 376 -
with respect to the health workforce and health professional staffing shortages.
47
319
Increases Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Mental Health
Adopted, 366 -
by $2,000,000, with the additional funding intended for the Garrett Lee Smith -Youth
55
Suicide Prevention State and Campus grants budget activities within the Mental
Health Programs of Regional and National Significance. Reduces Substance Abuse and
Mental Health Services Administration, Health Surveil ance and Program Support by
$2,000,000.
320
Increases and decreases the HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, Sexual y Transmitted
Adopted, 264 -
Diseases, and Tuberculosis Prevention account by $15 mil ion in order to support
158
Opioid Related Infectious Disease under the Center for Disease Control.
321
Strikes a rider that prevents the use of any funds for `any activity that promotes the
Rejected, 91 -
legalization of any drug or other substance in Schedule I' of the CSA. Academics and
331
scientists report that provisions like this create stigma and insurmountable logistical
hurdles to researching schedule I drugs like psilocybin and MDMA which have shown
promise in end of life therapy and treating PTSD.
322
Increases CDC Injury Prevention and Control suicide program funding to enhance
Adopted, 388 -
youth suicide awareness, research, and prevention efforts, with a corresponding
30
reduction in HHS General Departmental Management account.
323
Clarifies that early childhood developmental screenings can be considered an
Adopted: 371 -
al owable medical service for donation to children in the care of the Office of
49
Refugee Resettlement.
324
Increases funding for Graduate Medical Education slots and cuts funding from the
Adopted, 365 -
Office of the Secretary of Education's departmental fund.
54
325
Increases by $1 mil ion the Health Resources and Services Administration's (HRSA)
Adopted, 383 -
Rural Health Programs to prioritize ongoing coordination with the U.S. Department
36
of Agriculture's establishment of a Rural Health Liaison as directed by P.L. 115-334
(Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018).
326
Increases and decreases by $14,523,544,000 the Department of Education's grants to
Adopted, 376 -
states under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) to support funding
41
for special education.
327
Increases and decreases funding for Career, Technical, and Adult Education in order
Adopted, 390 -
to support the Department of Education in carrying out the Carl D. Perkins Career
29
and Technical Education Act of 2006 (Perkins Act) and the Adult Education and
Family Literacy Act (AEFLA).
328
Increases funding for the Senior Medicare Patrols within the Health Care Fraud and
Adopted, 316 -
Abuse Control Account by $2,000,000.
103
329
Provides funding to support the Intimate Partner Violence Strategy at the Health
Adopted, 311 -
Resources and Services Administration across the relevant bureaus at the agency.
110
330
Ensures that ACA open enrol ment data is disaggregated by race, ethnicity, preferred
Adopted, 235 -
language, age and sex to support better understanding of enrol ment information.
183
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

House
Amdt.
No.
Amdt. Summary from the Rules Committee
Disposition
331
Al ocates an additional $5 mil ion to the Secretary's Minority AIDS Initiative Fund
Adopted, 281 -
(SMAIF), which would improve prevention, care, and treatment for racial and ethnic
138
minorities impacted by HIV/AIDS.
332
Increases funding for the Office of Inspector General at the Department of Education Adopted, 233 -
by $4 mil ion.
187
333
Provides an additional $5,000,000 to fund School-Based Health Centers to support
Adopted, 342 -
preventative and mental health services for children and adolescents in school.
77, 1 Present
334
Increases funding for the chronic disease prevention and health promotion program
Adopted, 364 -
by $3 mil ion to be directed towards colorectal cancer and reduces funding by $3
54
mil ion for the HHS General Departmental Management account.
335
Provides additional funding for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of Lyme
Adopted, 374 -
Disease due to the increased threat of vector borne pathogens.
44
336
Increases and decreases funding by $5,000,000 to support the Project SERV program
Adopted, 345 -
which provides funding for grants to LEAs for the purposes of mental health,
73
counseling, and technical assistance in the wake of traumatic events at schools that
are disruptive to learning.
337
Increases and decreases funding for the Department of Education's Education for the
Adopted, 333 -
Disadvantaged account by $1 mil ion with the intent to support Comprehensive
86
Literacy Development Grants with an appropriate offset.
338
Prohibits the implementation of a new HHS policy announced on June 5, 2019, that
Adopted, 225 -
would restrict fetal tissue research.
193
339
Provides $10 mil ion to the Alternatives to Opioids in the Emergency Department
Adopted, 382 -
which is authorized in Section 7091 of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities
32
Act, P.L. 115–271.
Source: The amendment numbers and dispositions are from Congress.gov. The amendment summaries are
from the Rules Committee reports accompanying H.Res. 431 (H.Rept. 116-109) and H.Res. 436 (H.Rept. 116-
111).
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link to page 71 link to page 71 Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

Appendix C. Enacted FY2020 LHHS Supplemental
Appropriations
Several acts have been signed into law providing FY2020 supplemental discretionary
appropriations for LHHS programs and activities. The first of these acts (P.L. 116-113) provided
additional funding to the Department of Labor to carry out the United States-Mexico-Canada
Agreement. The remaining four, which together contain more than 99% of the LHHS
supplemental appropriations provided for FY2020, were part of the legislative response to the
global pandemic of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). For further information on the
LHHS appropriations provided by these COVID-19 supplementals, see CRS Report R46353,
COVID-19: Overview of FY2020 LHHS Supplemental Appropriations.
The acts containing FY2020 LHHS supplemental appropriations are listed below.
 Title IX of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Supplemental
Appropriations Act, 2019, (USMCA; P.L. 116-113), enacted on January 29, 2020.
Title IX.119
 Title III, Division A, of the Coronavirus Preparedness and Response
Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (P.L. 116-123), enacted on March 6,
2020.
 Title V, Division A, of the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA;
P.L. 116-127), enacted on March 18, 2020.
 Title VIII, Division B, of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security
Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136), enacted on March 27, 2020.
 Title I, Division B, of the Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care
Enhancement Act (PPPHCEA; P.L. 116-139), enacted on April 24, 2020.
The supplemental funds provided by these acts are in addition to the regular FY2020 LHHS
discretionary appropriations provided in Division A of P.L. 116-94, which was enacted on
December 20, 2019. Unlike the annual discretionary appropriations, however, these additional
funds were designated as an “emergency requirement” and thus were effectively exempted from
otherwise applicable budget enforcement requirements (such as the statutory discretionary
spending limits).
The FY2020 discretionary LHHS appropriations provided by these supplemental appropriations
acts, along with the level of the regular FY2020 annual appropriations, are summarized in Table
C-1. In total, FY2020 supplemental appropriations increased regular FY2020 LHHS enacted
funding by about 143%. The bulk of the supplemental funding (89%) was directed at HHS. The
$248 bil ion in supplemental funds that HHS was appropriated was a 261% increase over its
FY2020 enacted funding level. ED received the next largest increase via supplemental funds
(43%), whereas DOL and RA received the smal est increases (5% and 3%, respectively).
The majority of HHS funds (93%) in the supplemental appropriations measures were
appropriated to the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (PHSSEF) within the
Office of the Secretary. On their own, the supplemental PHSSEF appropriations more than
doubled the overal LHHS discretionary funding level for FY2020. The PHSSEF account is used
by the HHS Secretary for one-time or short-term funding, such as emergency supplemental

119 T he purpose of these funds was for DOL activities related to implementing the agreement.
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

appropriations, and for some ongoing public health preparedness activities in the Office of the
HHS Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response.
Accounts at the CDC received approximately 3% of the supplemental HHS appropriations
provided in the COVID-19 response measures. These funds nearly doubled CDC’s discretionary
funding level for FY2020. Amounts appropriated to accounts at ACL and ACF increased total
FY2020 funding for these agencies by 54% and 26%, respectively. Remaining HHS supplemental
appropriations to NIH, SAMHSA, and CMS augmented total agency funding levels to a lesser
extent. No supplemental funds were appropriated to HRSA or AHRQ.

Congressional Research Service
64

link to page 71
Table C-1. Summary of Enacted FY2020 Discretionary Regular and Supplemental Appropriations
(Budget authority in mil ions of dol ars)

FY2020 Supplemental

FY2020
P.L. 116-113
P.L. 116-127
P.L. 116-136
P.L. 116-139
Total

Regular
(USMCA)
P.L. 116-123
(FFCRA)
(CARES)
(PPPHCEA)
Supplemental
Grand Total
DOL
12,414
210
—
—
360
—
570
12,984
HHS
94,901
—
6,436
1,250
140,389
100,000
248,075
342,976
HRSA
7,047
—
—
—
—
—
-
7,047
CDC
6,840
—
2,200
—
4,300
—
6,500
13,340
NIH
40,228
—
836
—
945
—
1,781
42,010
SAMHSA
5,737
—
—
—
425
—
425
6,162
AHRQ
338
—
—
—
—
—
-
338
CMS
4,456
—
—
—
200
—
200
4,656
ACF
24,444
—
—
—
6,274
—
6,274
30,718
ACL
2,223
—
—
250
955
—
1,205
3,428
OS
3,588
—
3,400a
1,000
127,290
100,000
231,690
235,278
ED
72,751
—
—
—
30,925
—
30,925
103,676
RA
15,367
—
—
—
430
—
430
15,797
LHHS Total:
195,433
210
6,436
1,250
172,104
100,000
280,000
475,433
Source: Compiled by CRS from amounts specified in P.L. 116-94 (Division A), P.L. 116-113 (Title IX), P.L. 116-123 (Title III, Division A), P.L. 116-127 (Title V, Division
A), P.L. 116-136 (Title VIII, Division B), and P.L. 116-139 (Title I, Division B). Funds provided in other titles and divisions of these laws are beyond the scope of this
report and are excluded from the table. (For instance, the table does not include the $1.320 bil ion in mandatory funds for t he HRSA health centers program provided in
Division A, Title III, Section 3211 of P.L. 116-136.) FY2020 enacted amounts include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the 21 st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-
255).
Notes: Al supplemental funds are designated as an emergency requirement. The display of funds in this table is based on the accounts in which they were appropriated.
When the supplemental bil text cal s for transfers, funds are tabulated based on the account to which they were appropriated, not on the account to which they are to
be transferred.
a. $300 mil ion of these funds (appropriated to the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund at HHS) are contingent upon future HHS actions.
CRS-65

Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2020 Appropriations

Author Information

Jessica Tollestrup, Coordinator
William R. Morton
Specialist in Social Policy
Analyst in Income Security

Karen E. Lynch, Coordinator
Angela Napili
Specialist in Social Policy
Senior Research Librarian

David H. Bradley
Kyle D. Shohfi
Specialist in Labor Economics
Analyst in Education Policy

Ada S. Cornell

Senior Research Librarian

Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and
under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should n ot be relied upon for purposes other
than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in
connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not
subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in
its entirety without permission from CRS. However, as a CRS Report may include copyrighted images or
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