The President makes appointments to positions within the federal government, either using the authorities granted by law to the President alone or with the advice and consent of the Senate. This report identifies all nominations that were submitted to the Senate for full-time positions in 40 organizations in the executive branch (27 independent agencies, 6 agencies in the Executive Office of the President [EOP], and 7 multilateral organizations) and 4 agencies in the legislative branch. It excludes appointments to executive departments and to regulatory and other boards and commissions, which are covered in other reports.
Information for each agency is presented in tables. The tables include full-time positions confirmed by the Senate, pay levels for these positions, and appointment action within each agency. Additional summary information across all agencies covered in the report appears in the appendix.
During the 113th Congress, the President submitted 69 nominations to the Senate for full-time positions in independent agencies, agencies in the EOP, multilateral agencies, and legislative branch agencies. Of these 69 nominations, 34 were confirmed, 1 was withdrawn, and 34 were returned to him in accordance with Senate rules. For those nominations that were confirmed, a mean (average) of 123.9 days elapsed between nomination and confirmation. The median number of days elapsed was 104.0.
Information for this report was compiled using the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System (LIS) at http://www.lis.gov/nomis/, the Congressional Record (daily edition), the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, telephone discussions with agency officials, agency websites, the United States Code, and the 2012 Plum Book (United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions).
This report will not be updated.
The President makes appointments to positions within the federal government, either using the authorities granted by law to the President alone or with the advice and consent of the Senate. This report identifies all nominations that were submitted to the Senate for full-time positions in 40 organizations in the executive branch (27 independent agencies, 6 agencies in the Executive Office of the President [EOP], and 7 multilateral organizations) and 4 agencies in the legislative branch. It excludes appointments to executive departments and to regulatory and other boards and commissions, which are covered in other reports.
Information for each agency is presented in tables. The tables include full-time positions confirmed by the Senate, pay levels for these positions, and appointment action within each agency. Additional summary information across all agencies covered in the report appears in the appendix.
During the 113th Congress, the President submitted 69 nominations to the Senate for full-time positions in independent agencies, agencies in the EOP, multilateral agencies, and legislative branch agencies. Of these 69 nominations, 34 were confirmed, 1 was withdrawn, and 34 were returned to him in accordance with Senate rules. For those nominations that were confirmed, a mean (average) of 123.9 days elapsed between nomination and confirmation. The median number of days elapsed was 104.0.
Information for this report was compiled using the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System (LIS) at http://www.lis.gov/nomis/, the Congressional Record (daily edition), the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, telephone discussions with agency officials, agency websites, the United States Code, and the 2012 Plum Book (United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions).
This report will not be updated.
The President is responsible for appointing individuals to positions throughout the federal government. In some instances, the President makes these appointments using authorities granted by law to the President alone. Other appointments are made with the advice and consent of the Senate via the nomination and confirmation of appointees. Presidential appointments with Senate confirmation are often referred to with the abbreviation PAS. This report identifies, for the 113th Congress, all nominations to full-time positions requiring Senate confirmation in 40 organizations in the executive branch (27 independent agencies, 6 agencies in the Executive Office of the President [EOP], and 7 multilateral organizations) and 4 agencies in the legislative branch. It excludes appointments to executive departments and to regulatory and other boards and commissions, which are covered in other CRS reports.
Information for this report was compiled using the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System (LIS) at http://www.lis.gov/nomis/, the Congressional Record (daily edition), the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, telephone discussions with agency officials, agency websites, the United States Code, and the 2012 Plum Book (United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions).
Related Congressional Research Service (CRS) reports regarding the presidential appointments process, nomination activity for other executive branch positions, recess appointments, and other appointments-related matters may be found at http://www.crs.gov.1
During the 113th Congress, President Barack Obama submitted 69 nominations to the Senate for full-time positions in independent agencies, agencies in the EOP, multilateral agencies, and legislative branch agencies. Of these nominations, 34 were confirmed, 34 were returned to the President, and 1 was withdrawn. Table 1 summarizes the appointment activity.
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Number of Positions at Independent and Other Agencies (total) |
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Number of Nominations Submitted to the Senate (total) |
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Confirmed by the Senate |
|
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Withdrawn |
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Returned |
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Source: Table developed by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) using data presented in the appendices of this report.
a. The figures shown here reveal a distinction between the number of positions to which nominations were made (55), the number of individual nominees (57), and the total number of nominations submitted (69). This difference can occur for a few reasons. First, the President sometimes nominates more than one individual successively to an open position, usually following the return or withdrawal of the original nomination. Second, less frequently, the President nominates a single individual to more than one position over the course of the Congress. Again, this occurrence usually followed the return or withdrawal of the first nomination. In the 113th Congress, the President had nearly as many nominations returned as confirmed to positions covered in this report. This is largely a result of nearly all nominations being returned to the President under Senate rules at the end of the first session of the 113th Congress. In most cases, the President resubmitted a nomination for the same individual to the same position a second time. This led to a larger number of nominations submitted to the Senate being represented by a smaller number of individual nominees who were nominated multiple times.
The length of time a given nomination may be pending in the Senate varies widely.2 Some nominations are confirmed within a few days, others are not confirmed for several months, and some are never confirmed. For each nomination covered by this report and confirmed in the 113th Congress, the report provides the number of days between nomination and confirmation ("days to confirm"). The mean (average) number of days elapsed between nomination and confirmation was 123.9.3 The median number of days elapsed was 104.0.4
Under Senate Rules, nominations not acted on by the Senate at the end of a session of Congress (or before a recess of 30 days) are returned to the President.5 The Senate, by unanimous consent, often waives this rule—although not always.6 This report measures the "days to confirm" from the date of receipt of the resubmitted nomination, not the original.
Agency profiles in this report are organized in two parts: (1) a table listing the organization's full-time PAS positions as of the end of the 113th Congress and (2) a table listing appointment action for vacant positions during the 113th Congress. As mentioned earlier, data for these tables were collected from several authoritative sources.7 As noted, some agencies had no nomination activity during this time.
In each agency profile, the first of the two tables identifies, as of the end of the 113th Congress, each full-time PAS position in the organization and its pay level.8 For most presidentially appointed positions requiring Senate confirmation, pay levels fall under the Executive Schedule, which, as of January 2014, ranged from level I ($201,700) for Cabinet-level offices to level V ($147,200) for lower-ranked positions.9
The second table, the appointment action table, provides, in chronological order, information concerning each nomination. It shows the name of the nominee, position involved, date of nomination, date of confirmation, and number of days between receipt of a nomination and confirmation, if confirmed. It also notes actions other than confirmation (i.e., nominations returned to or withdrawn by the President).
The appointment action tables with more than one nominee to a position also list statistics on the length of time between nomination and confirmation. Each nomination action table provides the average days to confirm in two ways: mean and median. Although the mean is a more familiar measure, it may be influenced by outliers, or extreme values, in the data. The median, by contrast, does not tend to be influenced by outliers. In other words, a nomination that took an extraordinarily long time might cause a significant change in the mean, but the median would be unaffected. Examining both numbers offers more information with which to assess the central tendency of the data.
Appendix A provides two tables. Table A-1 relists all appointment action identified in this report and is organized alphabetically by the appointee's last name. Table entries identify the agency to which each individual was appointed, position title, nomination date, date confirmed or other final action, and duration count for confirmed nominations. In the final two rows, the table includes the mean and median values for the "days to confirm" column.
Table A-2 provides summary data on the appointments identified in this report and is organized by agency type, including independent executive agencies, agencies in the EOP, multilateral organizations, and agencies in the legislative branch. The table summarizes the number of positions, nominations submitted, individual nominees, confirmations, nominations returned, and nominations withdrawn for each agency grouping. It also includes mean and median values for the number of days taken to confirm nominations in each category.
Appendix B provides a list of department abbreviations.
Table 2. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Appalachian Regional Commission
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Federal Cochair |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 4. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Broadcasting Board of Governors
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director, International Broadcasting Bureau |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 6. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Central Intelligence Agency
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
II |
|
Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
|
General Counsel |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of the Central Intelligence Agency's IG, however, the law provides that "The President shall communicate in writing to the intelligence committees the reasons for any such removal not later than 30 days prior to the effective date of such removal" (50 U.S.C. §3517(b)(6)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
||
|
John O. Brennan |
Director |
01/22/13 |
03/07/13 |
|
||
|
Caroline D. Krass |
General Counsel |
11/12/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
|||
|
Caroline D. Krass |
General Counsel |
01/06/14 |
03/13/14 |
|
||
|
Mean number of days to confirm nomination |
|
|||||
|
Median number of days to confirm nomination |
|
|||||
Table 8. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Directora |
II |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The position of Director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau was created by P.L. 111-203, §1011 (12 U.S.C. §5491). It was filled by a confirmed nominee for the first time in the 113th Congress.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Richard Cordray |
Director |
02/13/13 |
07/16/13 |
153 |
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 10. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Corporation for National and Community Service
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
President and Chief Executive Officer |
III |
|
Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
Table 11. Corporation for National and Community Service Appointment Action During the 113th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 12. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency to the District of Columbia
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Directora |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The position shown has a six-year term; an incumbent may be removed from office prior to the expiration of the term only for neglect of duty, malfeasance in office, or other good cause shown (District of Columbia Code 24-133(b)(I)). There is no provision regarding removal or continuation in office after a term expires.
Table 13. Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency to the District of Columbia Appointment Action During the 113th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 14. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Delta Regional Authority
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Federal Cochair |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 16. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Environmental Protection Agency
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Administrator |
II |
|
Deputy Administrator |
III |
|
Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
|
Assistant Administrator—Administration and Resource Management |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Air and Radiation |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Enforcement and Compliance Assurance |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Environmental Information |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—International and Tribal Affairs |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Research and Development |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Solid Waste and Emergency Response |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Water |
IV |
|
Chief Financial Officerc |
IV |
|
General Counsel |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
c. The chief financial officer may be appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate or designated by the President from among agency officials confirmed by the Senate for another position (31 U.S.C. §901(a)(1)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
||
|
Regina McCarthy |
Administrator |
03/07/13 |
07/18/13 |
|
||
|
James J. Jones |
Assist. Admin.—Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention |
03/13/13 |
08/01/13 |
|
||
|
Kenneth J. Kopocis |
Assist. Admin.—Water |
03/13/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
|||
|
Avi Garbow |
General Counsel |
06/07/13 |
08/01/13 |
|
||
|
Victoria M. B. Wassmer |
Chief Financial Officer |
09/11/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
|||
|
Thomas A. Burke |
Assist. Admin.—Research and Development |
11/12/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
|||
|
Victoria M. B. Wassmer |
Chief Financial Officer |
01/06/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|||
|
Thomas A. Burke |
Assist. Admin.—Research and Development |
01/06/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|||
|
Kenneth J. Kopocis |
Assist. Admin.—Water |
01/06/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|||
|
Janet G. McCabe |
Assist. Admin.—Air and Radiation |
01/07/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|||
|
Ann E. Dunkin |
Assist. Admin.—Environmental Information |
01/30/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|||
|
Jane T. Nishida |
Assist. Admin.—International and Tribal Affairs |
04/07/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|||
|
Mean number of days to confirm nomination |
|
|||||
|
Median number of days to confirm nomination |
|
|||||
Table 18. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Federal Housing Finance Agency
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
II |
|
Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Melvin L. Watt |
Director |
05/07/13 |
12/10/13 |
217 |
|
Laura S. Wertheimer |
Inspector General |
05/22/14 |
09/17/14 |
118 |
|
Mean number of days to confirm nomination |
167.5 |
|||
|
Median number of days to confirm nomination |
167.5 |
|||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 20. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Allison Beck |
Director |
09/18/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|
Table 22. Full-Time PAS Positions in the General Services Administration
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Administrator |
III |
|
Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Daniel M. Tangherlini |
Administrator |
05/23/13 |
06/27/13 |
|
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 24. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Millennium Challenge Corporation
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Chief Executive Officer |
II |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Dana J. Hyde |
Chief Executive Officer |
09/30/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
||
|
Dana J. Hyde |
Chief Executive Officer |
01/06/14 |
05/20/14 |
|
|
Table 26. Full-Time PAS Positions in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Administrator |
II |
|
Deputy Administrator |
III |
|
Inspector Generala |
III+ 3%b |
|
Chief Financial Officerc |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
c. The chief financial officer may be appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate or designated by the President from among agency officials confirmed by the Senate for another position (31 U.S.C. §901(a)(1)).
Table 27. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Appointment Action During the 113th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
David Radzanowski |
Chief Financial Officer |
11/21/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
||
|
David Radzanowski |
Chief Financial Officer |
01/06/14 |
09/11/14 |
|
|
|
Dava J. Newman |
Deputy Administrator |
11/12/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
||
Table 28. Full-Time PAS Positions in the National Archives and Records Administration
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Archivista |
III |
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 30. Full-Time PAS Positions in the National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Chair—National Endowment for the Artsa |
III |
|
Chair—National Endowment for the Humanitiesb |
III |
|
Director—Institute of Museum and Library Servicesc |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is four years; when term expires, incumbent may remain in office until a successor is appointed (20 U.S.C. §954(b)(2)).
b. Term of office is four years; when term expires, incumbent may remain in office until a successor is appointed (20 U.S.C. §956(b)(2)).
Table 31. National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities Appointment Action During the 113th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
||
|
R. Jane Chu |
Chair—Nat'l. Endowment for the Arts |
02/12/14 |
06/12/14 |
|
||
|
William D. Adams |
Chair—Nat'l. Endowment for the Humanities |
04/10/14 |
07/09/14 |
|
||
|
Mean number of days to confirm nomination |
|
|||||
|
Median number of days to confirm nomination |
|
|||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 32. Full-Time PAS Positions in the National Science Foundation
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Directora |
II |
|
Deputy Director |
III |
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
France A. Cordova |
Director |
07/31/13 |
|
||
|
France A. Cordova |
Director |
01/06/14 |
03/12/14 |
|
|
Table 34. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Northern Border Regional Commission
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Federal Cochair |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Mark Scarano |
Federal Cochair |
11/12/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|
Table 36. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of the Director of National Intelligence
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
I |
|
Principal Deputy Director |
II |
|
Director—National Counterterrorism Center |
II |
|
Inspector Generala |
III+3%b |
|
General Counsel |
IV |
|
Chief Information Officerc |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The position of Inspector General (IG) for the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) was created by P.L. 111-259, §405 (50 U.S.C. §3033). The President may remove an IG from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
c. In the ODNI, the Chief Information Officer is also an Associate Director of National Intelligence.
Table 37. Office of the Director of National Intelligence Appointment Action During the 113th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Nicholas J. Rasmussen |
Dir. —National Counterterrorism Center |
11/12/14 |
12/16/14 |
|
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 38. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of Government Ethics
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Directora |
III |
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
|
|||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 40. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of Personnel Management
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Directora |
II |
|
Deputy Director |
III |
|
Inspector Generalb |
III + 3%c |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is four years, but the President may remove the incumbent at any time. The incumbent must leave office when the term expires (5 U.S.C. §1102(a)).
b. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
c. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Katherine Archuleta |
Director |
05/23/13 |
10/30/13 |
160 |
|
Earl L. Gay |
Deputy Director |
09/18/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|
Table 42. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of Special Counsel
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Special Counsela |
V |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is five years; incumbent may continue to serve for one year after his or her term expires. The President may remove incumbent from office only for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office (5 U.S.C. §1211(b)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
|
|||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 44. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Overseas Private Investment Corporation
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
President |
III |
|
Executive Vice President |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
III |
|
Deputy Director |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Carolyn H. Radelet |
Director |
07/18/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
||
|
Carolyn H. Radelet |
Director |
01/06/14 |
06/05/14 |
|
|
|
Carlos J.Torres |
Deputy Director |
09/08/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
||
Table 48. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Small Business Administration
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Administrator |
III |
|
Inspector Generala |
III+ 3%b |
|
Deputy Administrator |
IV |
|
Chief Counsel for Advocacy |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Maria Contreras-Sweet |
Administrator |
01/16/14 |
03/27/14 |
70 |
|
Gilberto de Jesus |
Chief Counsel for Advocacy |
09/08/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|
Table 50. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Social Security Administration
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Commissioner |
I |
|
Deputy Commissioner |
II |
|
Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Carolyn W. Colvin |
Commissioner |
06/23/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|
|
Andrew L. Eanes |
Deputy Commissioner |
07/31/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|
Table 52. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Trade and Development Agency
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 54. Full-Time PAS Positions in the U.S. Agency for International Development
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Administrator |
II |
|
Deputy Administrator |
III |
|
Inspector Generala |
III+ 3%b |
|
Assistant Administrator—Africa |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Asia |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Latin America and Caribbean |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Europe and Eurasia |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Global Health |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Economic Growth, Education, and Environment |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Legislative and Public Affairs |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator—Middle East |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate. The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent establishment as defined by 5 U.S.C. §104, with certain limitations (22 U.S.C. §6563(a)). The USAID administrator "shall report to and be under the direct authority and foreign policy guidance of the Secretary of State" (22 U.S.C. §6592).
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|||
|
Michael G. Carroll |
Inspector General |
06/11/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
||||
|
Michael G. Carroll |
Inspector General |
01/06/14 |
Withdrawn 11/12/14 |
||||
|
Paige E. Alexander |
Asst. Admin.—Middle East |
01/07/14 |
12/16/14 |
|
|||
|
Alfonso E. Lenhardt |
Deputy Administrator |
03/31/14 |
09/18/14 |
|
|||
|
Jonathan N. Stivers |
Asst Admin—Asia |
04/10/14 |
12/16/14 |
|
|||
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
Table 56. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Council of Economic Advisers
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Chair |
II |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Jason Furman |
Chairman |
06/11/13 |
08/01/13 |
|
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 58. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Council on Environmental Quality
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Chaira |
II |
|
Deputy Director—Office of Environmental Qualityb |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The Council on Environmental Quality consists of one member who serves as chair. The chair also serves as director of the Office of Environmental Quality (42 U.S.C. §4372(a)).
b. According to the United States Government Manual 2012, "[t]he Council and [Office of Environmental Quality (OEQ)] are collectively referred to as the Council on Environmental Quality."
c. "The compensation of the Deputy Director shall be fixed by the President at a rate not in excess of the annual rate of compensation payable to the Deputy Director of the Bureau of the Budget [Deputy Director of the Office of Management and Budget]" (42 U.S.C. §4372(b)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 60. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of Management and Budget
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
I |
|
Deputy Director |
II |
|
Deputy Director—Management |
II |
|
Controller—Office of Federal Financial Management |
III |
|
Administrator—Office of Federal Procurement Policy |
III |
|
Administrator—Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs |
III |
|
Coordinator—U.S. Intellectual Property Enforcement |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. According to the 2012 edition of the Plum Book, the coordinator for U.S. Intellectual Property Enforcement was a senior-level position (p. 5). With regard to pay for such positions, the Plum Book states, "The minimum pay for SL [Senior Level] positions is 120 percent of the rate of basic pay for GS-15, step 1. For agencies without a certified performance appraisal system, SL members' pay may not exceed the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule. For agencies with a certified performance appraisal system, SL members' pay may not exceed the rate payable for level II of the Executive Schedule. SL members are not entitled to locality-based comparability payments" (p. 204).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
||
|
Sylvia M. Burwell |
Director |
03/07/13 |
04/24/13 |
|
||
|
Brian C. Deese |
Deputy Director |
04/08/13 |
06/27/13 |
|
||
|
Howard A. Shelanski |
Admin.—Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs |
04/25/13 |
06/27/13 |
|
||
|
Beth F. Cobert |
Deputy Dir.—Management |
09/11/13 |
10/16/13 |
|
||
|
David A. Mader |
Controller—Office of Federal Financial Management |
05/05/14 |
07/17/14 |
|
||
|
Shaun L. S. Donovan |
Director |
06/02/14 |
07/10/14 |
|
||
|
Mean number of days to confirm nomination |
|
|||||
|
Median number of days to confirm nomination |
|
|||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 62. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of National Drug Control Policy
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
II |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Michael P. Botticelli |
Director |
09/08/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|
Table 64. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of Science and Technology Policy
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
I |
|
Associate Director—Energy and Environment |
III |
|
Associate Director—National Security and International Affairs |
III |
|
Associate Director—Science |
III |
|
Associate Director—Technology |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
||
|
Robert M. Simon |
Assoc. Dir.—Energy and Environment |
07/25/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
|||
|
Jo E. Handelsman |
Assoc. Dir.—Science |
07/31/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
|||
|
Robert M. Simon |
Assoc. Dir.—Energy and Environment |
01/06/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|||
|
Jo E. Handelsman |
Assoc. Dir.—Science |
01/06/14 |
06/26/14 |
|
||
Table 66. Incumbents in Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Trade Representative |
I |
|
Deputy U.S. Trade Representative |
III |
|
Deputy U.S. Trade Representative |
III |
|
Deputy U.S. Trade Representative |
III |
|
Chief Agricultural Negotiator |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|||
|
Michael Froman |
U.S. Trade Rep. |
05/07/13 |
06/19/13 |
|
|||
|
Darci L. Vetter |
Chief Agricultural Negotiator |
01/07/14 |
07/09/14 |
|
|||
|
Robert W. Holleyman, II |
Dep. U.S. Trade Rep. |
02/27/14 |
09/18/14 |
|
|||
|
Marisa Lago |
Dep. U.S. Trade Rep. |
11/12/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
||||
|
Mean number of days to confirm nomination |
|
||||||
|
Median number of days to confirm nomination |
|
||||||
Table 68. Full-Time PAS Positions in the African Development Bank
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Executive Director |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. "The Director … representing the United States, if [a citizen] of the United States, may, in the discretion of the President, receive such compensation, allowances, and other benefits as, together with those received from the Bank and from the African Development Fund, may not exceed those authorized for a chief of mission under the Foreign Service Act of 1980" (22 U.S.C. §290i-2).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Marcia D. Occomy |
U.S. Executive Director |
05/05/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|
Table 70. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Asian Development Bank
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Executive Director |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. "The Director may, in the discretion of the President, receive such compensation, allowances, and other benefits as, together with those received by him from the Bank, will equal those authorized for a chief of mission under the Foreign Service Act of 1980" (22 U.S.C. §285a(b)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 72. Full-Time PAS Positions in the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Director |
Table 73. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development Appointment Action During the 113th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No nomination action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 74. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Inter-American Development Bank
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Executive Directora |
|
|
U.S Alternate Executive Directora |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is three years; incumbent remains in office when a term expires until a successor is appointed (22 U.S.C. §283a(b)).
b. "No person shall be entitled to receive any salary or other compensation from the United States for services as … executive director" (22 U.S.C. §283a(c)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Mark E. Lopes |
Executive Director |
09/30/13 |
Returned 01/03/14a |
||
|
Mark E. Lopes |
Executive Director |
01/06/14 |
12/16/14 |
|
|
|
Mileydi Guilarte |
Alt. Executive Director |
01/30/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
||
Table 76. Full-Time PAS Positions in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Executive Directora |
|
|
U.S Alternate Executive Directorc |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is two years; the incumbent may remain in office when a term expires until a successor is appointed (22 U.S.C. §286a(a)).
b. "No person shall be entitled to receive any salary or other compensation from the United States for services as … executive director … [or] alternate." (22 U.S.C. §286a(d)(1)).
c. Term of office is two years; the incumbent may remain in office when a term expires until a successor is appointed (22 U.S.C. §286a(b)).
Table 77. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Appointment Action During the 113th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Matthew T. McGuire |
Executive Director |
02/10/14 |
|
||
Table 78. Full-Time PAS Positions in the International Joint Commission, United States and Canada
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Chair—U.S. Section |
IV |
|
Commissioner—U.S. Section |
V |
|
Commissioner—U.S. Section |
V |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
Table 79. International Joint Commission, United States and Canada Appointment Action During the 113th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No nomination action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 80. Full-Time PAS Positions in the International Monetary Fund
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Executive Directora |
|
|
U.S Alternate Executive Directora |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is two years; the incumbent may remain in office when a term expires until a successor is appointed (22 U.S.C. §286a(a)).
b. "No person shall be entitled to receive any salary or other compensation from the United States for services as … executive director … [or] alternate." (22 U.S.C. §286a(d)(1)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Mark Sobel |
Executive Director |
02/12/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|
|
Sunil Sabharwal |
Alt. Executive Director |
04/07/14 |
Returned 12/17/14a |
|
Table 82. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Architect of the Capitol
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Architect of the Capitola |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The architect is appointed to a 10-year term (2 U.S.C. §1801(a)(1)).
b. As provided in 2 U.S.C. §1802, the "compensation of the Architect of the Capitol shall be at an annual rate which is equal to the lesser of the annual salary for the Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives or the annual salary for the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 84. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Government Accountability Office
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Comptroller Generala |
|
|
Deputy Comptroller Generalc |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The Comptroller General is appointed to a 15-year term, with no holdover provision when the term expires. He or she may be removed before the term expires by impeachment or by a joint resolution of Congress for permanent disability, inefficiency, neglect of duty, malfeasance, or a felony or conduct involving moral turpitude (31 U.S.C. §703(e)(1)).
b. Under 31 U.S.C. §703(f), the "annual rate of basic pay of the – (1) Comptroller General is equal to the rate for level II of the Executive Schedule; and (2) Deputy Comptroller General is equal to the rate for level III of the Executive Schedule."
c. The term of the Deputy Comptroller General expires upon the appointment of a new Comptroller General or when a successor is appointed. No one has been nominated to this office for at least 30 years.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 86. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Government Publishing Office
(as of the end of the 113th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Public Printer |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Under 44 U.S.C. §303, the "annual rate of pay for the Public Printer shall be a rate which is equal to the rate for level II of the Executive Schedule under subchapter II of chapter 53 of title 5."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Davita Vance-Cooks |
Public Printer |
05/09/13 |
08/01/13 |
84 |
Source: Created by CRS.
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Librarian of Congress |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Under 2 U.S.C. §136a-2(1), "the Librarian of Congress shall be compensated at an annual rate of pay which is equal to the annual rate of basic pay payable for positions at level II of the Executive Schedule under section 5313 of title 5."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 113th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Appendix A. Summary of All Nominations and Appointments to Independent and Other Agencies
Table A-1. Nominations and Appointments to Full-Time Positions to Independent and Other Agencies, 113th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Agencya |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to |
||
|
William D. Adams |
Chair—Nat'l. Endowment for the Humanities |
NFAH |
04/10/14 |
07/09/14 |
|
||
|
Paige E. Alexander |
Asst. Admin.—Middle East |
USAID |
01/7/14 |
12/16/14 |
|
||
|
Katherine Archuleta |
Director |
OPM |
05/23/13 |
10/30/13 |
|
||
|
Allison Beck |
Director |
FMCS |
09/18/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
John O. Brennan |
Director |
CIA |
01/22/13 |
03/07/13 |
|
||
|
Michael P. Botticelli |
Director |
ONDCP |
09/08/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Thomas A. Burke |
Assist. Admin.—Research and Development |
EPA |
01/06/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Thomas A. Burke |
Assist. Admin.—Research and Development |
EPA |
11/12/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
Sylvia M. Burwell |
Director |
OMB |
03/07/13 |
04/24/13 |
|
||
|
Michael G. Carroll |
Inspector General |
USAID |
01/06/14 |
Withdrawn 11/12/14 |
|||
|
Michael G. Carroll |
Inspector General |
USAID |
06/11/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
R. Jane Chu |
Chair—Nat'l. Endowment for the Arts |
NFAH |
02/12/14 |
06/12/14 |
|
||
|
Beth F. Cobert |
Deputy Director—Management |
OMB |
09/11/13 |
10/16/13 |
|
||
|
Carolyn W. Colvin |
Commissioner |
SSA |
06/23/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Maria Contreras-Sweet |
Administrator |
SBA |
01/16/14 |
03/27/14 |
|
||
|
France A. Cordova |
Director |
NSF |
01/06/14 |
03/12/14 |
|
||
|
France A. Cordova |
Director |
NSF |
07/31/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
Richard Cordray |
Director |
CFPB |
02/13/13 |
7/16/2013 |
|
||
|
Gilberto de Jesus |
Chief Counsel for Advocacy |
SBA |
09/08/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Brian Deese |
Deputy Director |
OMB |
04/08/13 |
06/27/13 |
|
||
|
Shaun L. S. Donovan |
Director |
OMB |
06/02/14 |
07/10/14 |
|
||
|
Ann E. Dunkin |
Assist. Admin.—Environmental Information |
EPA |
01/30/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Andrew L. Eanes |
Deputy Commissioner |
SSA |
07/31/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Michael Froman |
U.S. Trade Rep. |
OUSTR |
05/07/13 |
06/19/13 |
|
||
|
Jason Furman |
Chairman |
CEA |
06/11/13 |
08/01/13 |
|
||
|
Avi Garbow |
General Counsel |
EPA |
06/07/13 |
08/01/13 |
|
||
|
Earl L. Gay |
Deputy Director |
OPM |
09/18/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Mileydi Guilarte |
Alt. Executive Director |
IADB |
01/30/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Jo E. Handelsman |
Assoc. Dir.—Science |
OSTP |
01/06/14 |
06/26/14 |
|
||
|
Jo E. Handelsman |
Assoc. Dir.—Science |
OSTP |
07/31/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
Robert W. Holleyman, II |
Dep. U.S. Trade Rep. |
OUSTR |
02/27/14 |
09/18/14 |
|
||
|
Dana J. Hyde |
Chief Executive Officer |
MCC |
01/06/14 |
05/20/14 |
|
||
|
Dana J. Hyde |
Chief Executive Officer |
MCC |
09/30/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
James J. Jones |
Assist. Admin.—Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention |
EPA |
03/13/13 |
08/01/13 |
|
||
|
Kenneth J. Kopocis |
Assist. Admin.—Water |
EPA |
01/06/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Kenneth J. Kopocis |
Assist. Admin.—Water |
EPA |
03/13/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
Caroline D. Krass |
General Counsel |
CIA |
11/12/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
Caroline D. Krass |
General Counsel |
CIA |
01/06/14 |
03/13/14 |
|
||
|
Marisa Lago |
Dep. U.S. Trade Rep. |
OUSTR |
11/12/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Alfonso E. Lenhardt |
Deputy Administrator |
USAID |
03/31/14 |
09/18/14 |
|
||
|
Mark E. Lopes |
Executive Director |
IADB |
01/06/14 |
12/16/14 |
|
||
|
Mark E. Lopes |
Executive Director |
IADB |
09/30/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
David A. Mader |
Controller—Office of Federal Financial Management |
OMB |
05/05/14 |
07/17/14 |
|
||
|
Janet G. McCabe |
Assist. Admin.—Air and Radiation |
EPA |
01/07/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Regina McCarthy |
Administrator |
EPA |
03/07/13 |
07/18/13 |
|
||
|
Matthew T. McGuire |
Executive Director |
IBRD |
02/10/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Dava J. Newman |
Deputy Administrator |
NASA |
11/12/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Jane T. Nishida |
Assist. Admin.—International and Tribal Affairs |
EPA |
04/07/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Marcia D. Occomy |
U.S. Executive Director |
AfDB |
05/05/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Carolyn H. Radelet |
Director |
PC |
01/06/14 |
06/05/14 |
|
||
|
Carolyn H. Radelet |
Director |
PC |
07/18/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
David Radzanowski |
Chief Financial Officer |
NASA |
01/06/14 |
09/11/14 |
|
||
|
David Radzanowski |
Chief Financial Officer |
NASA |
11/21/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
Nicholas J. Rasmussen |
Director—National Counterterrorism Center |
DNI |
11/12/14 |
12/16/14 |
|
||
|
Sunil Sabharwal |
Alt. Executive Director |
IMF |
04/07/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Mark Scarano |
Federal Cochair |
NBRC |
11/12/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Howard A. Shelanski |
Administrator—Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs |
OMB |
04/25/13 |
06/27/13 |
|
||
|
Robert M. Simon |
Assoc. Dir.—Energy and Environment |
OSTP |
01/06/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Robert M. Simon |
Assoc. Dir.—Energy and Environment |
OSTP |
07/25/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
Mark Sobel |
Executive Director |
IMF |
02/12/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Jonathan N. Stivers |
Asst Admin—Asia |
USAID |
04/10/14 |
12/16/14 |
|
||
|
Daniel M. Tangherlini |
Administrator |
GSA |
05/23/13 |
06/27/13 |
|
||
|
Carlos J. Torres |
Deputy Director |
PC |
09/08/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Davita Vance-Cooks |
Public Printer |
GPO |
05/09/13 |
08/01/13 |
|
||
|
Darci L. Vetter |
Chief Agricultural Negotiator |
OUSTR |
01/07/14 |
07/09/14 |
|
||
|
Victoria M. B. Wassmer |
Chief Financial Officer |
EPA |
01/06/14 |
Returned 12/17/14 |
|||
|
Victoria M. B. Wassmer |
Chief Financial Officer |
EPA |
09/11/13 |
Returned 01/03/14 |
|||
|
Melvin L. Watt |
Director |
FHA |
05/07/13 |
12/10/13 |
|
||
|
Laura S. Wertheimer |
Inspector General |
FHA |
05/22/14 |
09/17/14 |
|
||
|
Mean number of days to confirm nomination |
|
||||||
|
Median number of days to confirm nomination |
|
||||||
Source: Table created by CRS using data found in the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System at http://www.lis.gov/nomis.
a. The key to the agency acronyms may be found in Appendix B.
b. As discussed earlier in this report, under Senate Rules, nominations not acted on by the Senate at the end of a session of Congress (or before a recess of 30 days) are returned to the President. This was the case at the end of the first session of the 113th Congress. The President re-nominated most individuals whose nominations had been returned to him. This report measures the "days to confirm" from the date of receipt of the resubmitted nomination, not the original. As a result, this calculation may be shorter on average than previous Congresses where the Senate, by unanimous consent, agreed to waive the rule (which, in effect, prevented nominations not acted upon from being returned to the President, and therefore negated the need for returned nominees to be re-nominated).
|
Agency Type |
Positions |
Nominations |
Individual Nominees |
Confirmations |
Nominations Returned |
Nominations Withdrawn |
Recess Appointments |
Mean/Median Days to Confirm |
|||||||
|
Independent Agencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
133.2/133.0 |
|||||||
|
Executive Office of the President |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
93.7/68.0 |
|||||||
|
Multilateral Organizations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NA |
|||||||
|
Legislative Agencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
67.5/67.5 |
|||||||
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
123.9/104.0 |
Source: Table created by CRS using the data compiled for this report.
Appendix B. Agency Abbreviations
|
Independent Agencies |
|
|
ARC |
Appalachian Regional Commission |
|
BBG |
Broadcasting Board of Governors |
|
CIA |
Central Intelligence Agency |
|
CFPB |
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau |
|
CNCS |
Corporation for National and Community Service |
|
CSOSA |
Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency for the District of Columbia |
|
DRA |
Delta Regional Authority |
|
EPA |
Environmental Protection Agency |
|
FHFA |
Federal Housing Finance Agency |
|
FMCS |
Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service |
|
GSA |
General Services Administration |
|
MCC |
Millennium Challenge Corporation |
|
NARA |
National Archives and Records Administration |
|
NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
|
NFAH |
National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities |
|
NSF |
National Science Foundation |
|
NBRC |
Northern Border Regional Commission |
|
ODNI |
Office of the Director of National Intelligence |
|
OGE |
Office of Government Ethics |
|
ONHIR |
Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation |
|
OPIC |
Overseas Private Investment Corporation |
|
OPM |
Office of Personnel Management |
|
OSC |
Office of Special Counsel |
|
PC |
Peace Corps |
|
SBA |
Small Business Administration |
|
SSA |
Social Security Administration |
|
SSS |
Selective Service System |
|
TDA |
Trade Development Agency |
|
USAID |
United States Agency for International Development |
|
Executive Office of the President (EOP) |
|
|
CEA |
Council of Economic Advisers |
|
CEQ |
Council on Environmental Quality |
|
OMB |
Office of Management and Budget |
|
ONDCP |
Office of National Drug Control Policy |
|
OSTP |
Office of Science and Technology Policy |
|
OUSTR |
Office of U.S. Trade Representative |
|
Multilateral Banking Organizations |
|
|
AfDB |
African Development Bank |
|
AsDB |
Asian Development Bank |
|
EBRD |
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development |
|
IADB |
Inter-American Development Bank |
|
IBRD |
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development |
|
IJC |
International Joint Commission, U.S. and Canada |
|
IMF |
International Monetary Fund |
|
Legislative Branch Agencies |
|
|
AOC |
Architect of the Capitol |
|
GAO |
Government Accountability Office |
|
GPO |
Government Publishing Office |
|
LOC |
Library of Congress |
Source: Created by CRS.
| 1. |
A collection of such reports may be found at http://www.crs.gov/Pages/subissue.aspx?cliid=2153&parentid=12&Preview=False. |
| 2. |
The methodology used in this report to count the length of time between nomination and confirmation differs from that used in some earlier Congressional Research Service (CRS) reports prior to the 110th Congress. The statistics presented here include the days during which the Senate was adjourned for its summer recesses and between sessions of Congress. The change was instituted in the reports covering the 110th Congress, and it reduces the direct comparability of statistics in this report with those of the earlier research. A detailed explanation of this methodological change appears in Appendix E of CRS Report R41776, Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in Independent and Other Agencies During the 110th Congress, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]. |
| 3. |
See Appendix A for more detailed summary information. |
| 4. |
The median is the midpoint of the range of all the numbers when arranged numerically. The median is less sensitive to outliers, or extreme values, than the mean. |
| 5. |
For more information on floor procedure related to Senate consideration of nominations, see CRS Report RL31980, Senate Consideration of Presidential Nominations: Committee and Floor Procedure, by [author name scrubbed] |
| 6. |
Notably, on January 3, 2014, nearly all nominations were returned to the President under Senate rules, between the first and second session of the 113th Congress. No unanimous consent agreement was reached that nominations received in the first session remain as status quo notwithstanding Senate Rule XXXI (which requires nominations not acted upon to be returned to the President at the end of the session). In most cases, the President re-nominated those individuals whose nominations had been returned to him. |
| 7. |
Sources include the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System (LIS) at http://www.lis.gov/nomis/; the Congressional Record (daily edition); the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents; telephone discussions with agency officials; agency websites; the United States Code; and the 2012 Plum Book (U.S. Congress, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions, 113th Cong., 2nd sess., committee print, December 1, 2012 [Washington: GPO, 2012]). |
| 8. |
The data collected on presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate (PAS positions) at the end of the 113th Congress were collected as of the Senate's last day of business on January 3, 2013. Beginning on January 4, 2013, agency officials were contacted and the lists of positions were finalized. |
| 9. |
U.S. Office of Personnel Management, "Salary Table No. 2014-EX," available at http://www.opm.gov/policy-data-oversight/pay-leave/salaries-wages/salary-tables/14Tables/exec/html/EX.aspx. |