The President makes appointments to positions within the federal government, either using the authorities granted to the President alone or with the advice and consent of the Senate. This report identifies all nominations that were submitted to the Senate for full-time positions in 40 organizations in the executive branch (27 independent agencies, 6 agencies in the Executive Office of the President [EOP], and 7 multilateral organizations) and 4 agencies in the legislative branch. It excludes appointments to executive departments and to regulatory and other boards and commissions, which are covered in other reports.
Information for each agency is presented in tables. The tables include full-time positions confirmed by the Senate, pay levels for these positions, and appointment action within each independent agency. Additional summary information across all agencies covered in the report appears in the appendix.
During the 112th Congress, the President submitted 34 nominations to the Senate for full-time positions in independent agencies, agencies in the EOP, multilateral agencies, and legislative branch agencies. Of these 34 nominations, 27 were confirmed, 1 was withdrawn, and 6 were returned to him in accordance with Senate rules. For those nominations that were confirmed, a mean (average) of 142.7 days elapsed between nomination and confirmation. The median number of days elapsed was 112.0.
The President made one recess appointment to a full-time position in an independent agency during the 112th Congress.
Information for this report was compiled using the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System (LIS) at http://www.lis.gov/nomis/, the Congressional Record (daily edition), the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, telephone discussions with agency officials, agency websites, the United States Code, and the 2012 Plum Book (United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions).
This report will not be updated.
The President makes appointments to positions within the federal government, either using the authorities granted to the President alone or with the advice and consent of the Senate. This report identifies all nominations that were submitted to the Senate for full-time positions in 40 organizations in the executive branch (27 independent agencies, 6 agencies in the Executive Office of the President [EOP], and 7 multilateral organizations) and 4 agencies in the legislative branch. It excludes appointments to executive departments and to regulatory and other boards and commissions, which are covered in other reports.
Information for each agency is presented in tables. The tables include full-time positions confirmed by the Senate, pay levels for these positions, and appointment action within each independent agency. Additional summary information across all agencies covered in the report appears in the appendix.
During the 112th Congress, the President submitted 34 nominations to the Senate for full-time positions in independent agencies, agencies in the EOP, multilateral agencies, and legislative branch agencies. Of these 34 nominations, 27 were confirmed, 1 was withdrawn, and 6 were returned to him in accordance with Senate rules. For those nominations that were confirmed, a mean (average) of 142.7 days elapsed between nomination and confirmation. The median number of days elapsed was 112.0.
The President made one recess appointment to a full-time position in an independent agency during the 112th Congress.
Information for this report was compiled using the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System (LIS) at http://www.lis.gov/nomis/, the Congressional Record (daily edition), the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, telephone discussions with agency officials, agency websites, the United States Code, and the 2012 Plum Book (United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions).
This report will not be updated.
The President is responsible for appointing individuals to positions throughout the federal government. In some instances, the President makes these appointments using authorities granted to the President alone. Other appointments are made with the advice and consent of the Senate via the nomination and confirmation of appointees. Presidential appointments with Senate confirmation are often referred to with the abbreviation PAS. This report identifies, for the 112th Congress, all nominations to full-time positions requiring Senate confirmation in 40 organizations in the executive branch (27 independent agencies, 6 agencies in the Executive Office of the President [EOP], and 7 multilateral organizations) and 4 agencies in the legislative branch. It excludes appointments to executive departments and to regulatory and other boards and commissions.
A pair of tables presents information for each agency in this report. The first table in each pair provides information on full-time positions requiring Senate confirmation as of the end of the 112th Congress and the pay levels of those positions. The second table for each agency tracks appointment activity within the 112th Congress by the Senate (confirmations, rejections, returns to the President, and elapsed time between nomination and confirmation) as well as further related presidential activity (including withdrawals and recess appointments). In some instances, no appointment action occurred within an agency during the 112th Congress.
Information for this report was compiled using the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System (LIS) at http://www.lis.gov/nomis/, the Congressional Record (daily edition), the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, telephone discussions with agency officials, agency websites, the United States Code, and the 2012 Plum Book (United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions).
Related Congressional Research Service (CRS) reports regarding the presidential appointments process, nomination activity for other executive branch positions, recess appointments, and other appointments-related matters may be found at http://www.crs.gov.1
During the 112th Congress, President Barack Obama submitted 34 nominations to the Senate for full-time positions in independent agencies, agencies in the EOP, multilateral agencies, and legislative branch agencies. Of these nominations, 27 were confirmed, 6 were returned to the President, and 1 was withdrawn. The President made one recess appointment during this period to a position in organizations covered in this report. Table 1 summarizes the appointment activity.
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Number of Positions at Independent and Other Agencies (total) |
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||||
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||||
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Number of Nominations Submitted to the Senate (total) |
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||||
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Confirmed by the Senate |
|
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|
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Withdrawn |
|
|||
|
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Returned at the end of the 2nd session of the 112th Congress |
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Source: Table developed by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) using data presented in the appendices of this report.
a. The figures shown here reveal a distinction between the number of positions to which nominations were made (32), the number of individual nominees (34), and the total number of nominations submitted (34). This difference can occur for a few reasons. First, the President sometimes nominates more than one individual successively to an open position, usually following the return or withdrawal of the original nomination. Second, less frequently, the President nominates a single individual to more than one position over the course of the Congress. Again, this occurrence usually followed the return or withdrawal of the first nomination. For example, the President nominated Philip E. Coyle III to be the Associate Director of National Security and International Affairs at the Office of Science and Technology Policy, and the nomination was returned to the President under the provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the standing rules of the Senate. The President then nominated Patricia K. Falcone for the same position. This was counted as one position to which a nomination was made, two individual nominees, and two nominations submitted. This case and other similar cases caused these three numbers to differ slightly.
b. President Obama recess appointed Richard Cordray to be Director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau on January 4, 2012, and Cordray was later renominated and confirmed in the 113th Congress. President Obama also made three recess appointments to the National Labor Relations Board on the same date (January 4, 2012) that were later found to be constitutionally invalid by the Supreme Court. For more information, see CRS Report R43032, Practical Implications of Noel Canning on the National Labor Relations Board: In Brief, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed] and CRS Report RL33009, Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview, by [author name scrubbed].
The length of time a given nomination may be pending in the Senate varies widely.2 Some nominations are confirmed within a few days, others are not confirmed for several months, and some are never confirmed. For each nomination covered by this report and confirmed in the 112th Congress, the report provides the number of days between nomination and confirmation ("days to confirm"). The mean (average) number of days elapsed between nomination and confirmation was 142.7.3 The median number of days elapsed was 112.0.4
Agency profiles in this report are organized in two parts: a table listing the organization's full-time PAS positions as of the end of the 112th Congress and a table listing appointment action for vacant positions during the 112th Congress. Data for these tables were collected from several authoritative sources.5 As noted, some agencies had no nomination activity during this time.
In each agency profile, the first of the two tables identifies, as of the end of the 112th Congress, each full-time PAS position in the organization and its pay level.6 For most presidentially appointed positions requiring Senate confirmation, the pay levels fall under the Executive Schedule, which, as of January 2013, ranged from level I ($199,700) for Cabinet-level offices to level V ($145,700) for lower-ranked positions.
The second table, the appointment action table, provides, in chronological order, information concerning each nomination. It shows the name of the nominee, position involved, date of nomination, date of confirmation, and number of days between receipt of a nomination and confirmation. It also notes actions other than confirmation (i.e., nominations returned to or withdrawn by the President).
The appointment action tables with more than one nominee to a position also list statistics on the length of time between nomination and confirmation. Each nomination action table provides the average "days to confirm" in two ways: mean and median. Although the mean is a more familiar measure, it may be influenced by outliers in the data. The median, by contrast, does not tend to be influenced by outliers. In other words, a nomination that took an extraordinarily long time might cause a significant change in the mean, but the median would be unaffected. Examining both numbers offers more information with which to assess the central tendency of the data.
Appendix A provides two tables. Table A-1 relists all appointment action identified in this report and is organized alphabetically by the appointee's last name. Table entries identify the agency to which each individual was appointed, position title, nomination date, date confirmed or other final action, and duration count for confirmed nominations. In the final two rows, the table also includes the mean and median values for the days to confirm column.
Table A-2 provides summary data on the appointments identified in this report and is organized by agency type, including independent executive agencies, agencies in the EOP, multilateral organizations, and agencies in the legislative branch. The table summarizes the number of positions, nominations submitted, individual nominees, confirmations, nominations returned, and nominations withdrawn for each agency grouping. It also includes mean and median values for the number of days taken to confirm nominations in each category.
During the 112th Congress, the Presidential Appointments Streamlining and Efficiency Act (P.L. 112-166) was enacted, which eliminated the requirement for the Senate's advice and consent for 163 positions in federal agencies.7 A number of those positions, listed in Appendix B, have been included in previous versions of this tracking report. This report notes each agency and position affected.
Appendix C provides a list of department abbreviations.
Table 2. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Appalachian Regional Commission
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Positiona |
Pay Level |
|
Federal Cochair |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Pursuant to P.L. 112-166, which was enacted on August 10, 2012, after October 9, 2012, the position of alternate federal cochair of the Appalachian Regional Commission is no longer subject to Senate advice and consent and is appointed by the President alone. See Appendix B for a complete list of positions in independent agencies included in that legislation.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 4. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Broadcasting Board of Governors
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director, International Broadcasting Bureau |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 6. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Central Intelligence Agency
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
II |
|
Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
|
General Counsel |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of the Central Intelligence Agency's IG, however, the law provides that "The President shall communicate in writing to the intelligence committees the reasons for any such removal not later than 30 days prior to the effective date of such removal" (50 U.S.C. §3517(b)(6)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
David H. Petraeus |
Director |
05/26/11 |
06/30/11 |
35 |
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 8. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Directora |
II |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The position of Director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau was created by P.L. 111-203, §1011 (12 U.S.C. §5491).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Richard Cordray |
Director |
07/18/11 |
Returned 01/03/12a |
|
|
Richard Cordray |
Director |
Recess Appointment 01/04/12b |
||
Source: Created by CRS.
a. Returned to the President at the end of the first session of the 112th Congress under the provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the Standing Rules of the Senate.
b. President Obama recess appointed Richard Cordray to be Director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau on January 4, 2012. Cordray was later renominated and confirmed in the 113th Congress. President Obama also made three recess appointments to the National Labor Relations Board on the same date (January 4, 2012) that were later found to be constitutionally invalid by the Supreme Court. For more information, see CRS Report R43032, Practical Implications of Noel Canning on the National Labor Relations Board: In Brief, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed] and CRS Report RL33009, Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview, by [author name scrubbed].
Table 10. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Corporation for National and Community Service
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Positiona |
Pay Level |
|
President and Chief Executive Officer |
III |
|
Inspector Generalb |
III + 3%c |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Pursuant to P.L. 112-166, which was enacted on August 10, 2012, after October 9, 2012, the two Managing Director positions in the Corporation for National and Community Service are no longer subject to Senate advice and consent and are appointed by the President alone. See Appendix B for a complete list of positions in independent agencies included in that legislation.
b. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
c. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
Table 11. Corporation for National and Community Service Appointment Action During the 112th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
||||
|
Wendy M. Spencer |
President and Chief Executive Officer |
10/18/11 |
03/29/12 |
163 |
||||
|
Jonathan A. Hatfield |
Inspector General |
01/26/11 |
Withdrawn 04/08/11 |
|||||
|
Deborah J. Jeffrey |
Inspector General |
11/15/11 |
06/29/12 |
227 |
||||
|
Mean number of days to confirm |
|
|||||||
|
Median number of days to confirm |
|
|||||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 12. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency to the District of Columbia
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Directora |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The position shown has a six-year term; an incumbent may be removed from office prior to the expiration of the term only for neglect of duty, malfeasance in office, or other good cause shown. (District of Columbia Code 24-133(b)(I)). There is no provision regarding removal or continuation in office after a term expires.
Table 13. Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency to the District of Columbia Appointment Action During the 112th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Nancy M. Ware |
Director |
08/02/11 |
11/18/11 |
108 |
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 14. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Delta Regional Authority
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Federal Cochair |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 16. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Environmental Protection Agency
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Administrator |
II |
|
Deputy Administrator |
III |
|
Assistant Administrator – Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
|
Assistant Administrator – Administration and Resource Management |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Air and Radiation |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Enforcement and Compliance Assurance |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Environmental Information |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – International and Tribal Affairs |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Research and Development |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Solid Waste and Emergency Response |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Water |
IV |
|
Chief Financial Officerc |
IV |
|
General Counsel |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
c. The chief financial officer may be appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate or designated by the President from among agency officials confirmed by the Senate for another position (31 U.S.C. §901(a)(1)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Kenneth J. Kopocis |
Asst. Admin. – Water |
06/13/11 |
Returned 01/03/13a |
|
|
James J. Jones |
Asst. Admin. – Chemical Safety and Pollution Preventionb |
01/24/12 |
Returned 01/03/13a |
|
Source: Created by CRS.
a. Returned to the President at the end of the 112th Congress under the provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the Standing Rules of the Senate.
b. This position is called Assistant Administrator – Toxic Substances in the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System. Within the Environmental Protection Agency, it is referred to as Assistant Administrator – Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention.
Table 18. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Federal Housing Finance Agency
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
II |
|
Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 20. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 22. Full-Time PAS Positions in the General Services Administration
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Administrator |
III |
|
Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 24. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Millennium Challenge Corporation
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Chief Executive Officer |
II |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 26. Full-Time PAS Positions in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Administrator |
II |
|
Deputy Administrator |
III |
|
Inspector Generala |
III+ 3%b |
|
Chief Financial Officerc |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
c. The chief financial officer may be appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate or designated by the President from among agency officials confirmed by the Senate for another position (31 U.S.C. §901(a)(1)).
Table 27. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Appointment Action During the 112th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 28. Full-Time PAS Positions in the National Archives and Records Administration
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Archivista |
III |
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 30. Full-Time PAS Positions in the National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Chair – National Endowment for the Artsa |
III |
|
Chair – National Endowment for the Humanitiesb |
III |
|
Director – Institute of Museum and Library Servicesc |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is four years; when term expires, incumbent may remain in office until a successor is appointed (20 U.S.C. §954(b)(2)).
b. Term of office is four years; when term expires, incumbent may remain in office until a successor is appointed (20 U.S.C. §956(b)(2)).
Table 31. National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities Appointment Action During the 112th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 32. Full-Time PAS Positions in the National Science Foundation
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Directora |
II |
|
Deputy Director |
III |
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Cora B. Marrett |
Deputy Director |
01/05/11 |
05/26/11 |
|
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 34. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Northern Border Regional Commission
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Federal Cochair |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 36. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of the Director of National Intelligence
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
I |
|
Principal Deputy Director |
II |
|
Director – National Counterterrorism Center |
II |
|
Inspector Generala |
III+3%b |
|
General Counsel |
IV |
|
Chief Information Officerc |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The position of Inspector General for the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) was created by P.L. 111-259, §405 (50 U.S.C. §3033). The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
c. In the ODNI, the Chief Information Officer is also an Associate Director of National Intelligence.
Table 37. Office of the Director of National Intelligence Appointment Action During the 112th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
||
|
Stephanie O'Sullivan |
Principal Deputy Director |
01/05/11 |
02/17/11 |
|
||
|
Matthew G. Olsen |
Director – National Counterterrorism Center |
07/05/11 |
08/02/11 |
|
||
|
Irvin C. McCullough III |
Inspector General |
08/02/11 |
11/07/11 |
|
||
|
Mean number of days to confirm |
|
|||||
|
Median number of days to confirm |
|
|||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 38. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of Government Ethics
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Directora |
III |
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Walter M. Shaub Jr. |
Director |
05/24/12 |
01/01/13 |
|
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 40. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of Personnel Management
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Directora |
II |
|
Deputy Director |
III |
|
Inspector Generalb |
III + 3%c |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is four years, but the President may remove the incumbent at any time. The incumbent must leave office when the term expires (5 U.S.C. §1102(a)).
b. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
c. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 42. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of Special Counsel
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Special Counsela |
V |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is five years; incumbent may continue to serve for one year after his or her term expires. The President may remove incumbent from office only for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office (5 U.S.C. §1211(b)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Carolyn N. Lerner |
Special Counsel |
01/05/11 |
04/14/11 |
|
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 44. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Overseas Private Investment Corporation
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
President |
III |
|
Executive Vice President |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
III |
|
Deputy Director |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 48. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Small Business Administration
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Administrator |
III |
|
Inspector Generala |
III+ 3%b |
|
Deputy Administrator |
IV |
|
Chief Counsel for Advocacy |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Winslow L. Sargeant |
Chief Counsel for Advocacy |
01/26/11 |
11/18/11 |
|
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 50. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Social Security Administration
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Commissioner |
I |
|
Deputy Commissioner |
II |
|
Inspector Generala |
III + 3%b |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
b. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 52. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Trade and Development Agency
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 54. Full-Time PAS Positions in the U.S. Agency for International Development
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Positiona |
Pay Level |
|
Administrator |
II |
|
Deputy Administrator |
III |
|
Inspector Generalb |
III+ 3%c |
|
Assistant Administrator – Africa |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Asia |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Latin America and Caribbean |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Europe and Eurasia |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Global Health |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Economic Growth, Education, and Environment |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Legislative and Public Affairs |
IV |
|
Assistant Administrator – Middle East |
IV |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate. The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent establishment as defined by 5 U.S.C. §104, with certain limitations (22 U.S.C. §6563(a)). The USAID administrator "shall report to and be under the direct authority and foreign policy guidance of the Secretary of State" (22 U.S.C. §6592).
a. Pursuant to P.L. 112-166, which was enacted on August 10, 2012, after October 9, 2012, the position of Assistant Administrator for Management in USAID is no longer subject to Senate advice and consent and is appointed by the President alone. See Appendix B for a complete list of positions, in independent agencies, included in that legislation.
b. The President may remove an inspector general (IG) from office, as he may remove most other appointed officials in the departments. In the case of an IG, however, the law provides that "[i]f an Inspector General is removed from office or is transferred to another position or location within an establishment, the President shall communicate in writing the reasons for any such removal or transfer to both Houses of Congress, not later than 30 days before the removal or transfer" (5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(b)).
c. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. Appx. §3(e), "The annual rate of basic pay for an inspector general (as defined under section 12(3)) shall be the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, plus 3 percent."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
||
|
Eric G. Postel |
Asst. Admin. – Economic Growth, Education, and Environment |
01/05/11 |
03/03/11 |
|
||
|
Mara E. Rudman |
Asst. Admin. – Middle East |
02/17/11 |
09/13/11 |
|
||
|
Ariel Pablos-Mendez |
Asst. Admin. – Global Health |
03/14/11 |
06/30/11 |
|
||
|
Earl W. Gast |
Asst. Admin. – Africa |
10/03/11 |
03/29/12 |
|
||
|
T. Charles Cooper |
Asst. Admin. – Legislative and Public Affairs |
09/11/12 |
01/01/13 |
|
||
|
Mean number of days to confirm |
|
|||||
|
Median number of days to confirm |
|
|||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 56. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Council of Economic Advisers
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Positiona |
Pay Level |
|
Chair |
II |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Pursuant to P.L. 112-166, which was enacted on August 10, 2012, after October 9, 2012, the positions of Member of the Council of Economic Advisers are no longer subject to Senate advice and consent and are appointed by the President alone. See Appendix B for a complete list of positions in independent agencies included in that legislation.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
||
|
Katharine G. Abraham |
Membera |
01/26/11 |
04/14/11 |
|
||
|
Carl Shapiro |
Membera |
02/28/11 |
04/14/11 |
|
||
|
Alan B. Kreuger |
Membera |
09/06/11 |
11/03/11 |
|
||
|
Mean number of days to confirm |
|
|||||
|
Median number of days to confirm |
|
|||||
Source: Created by CRS.
a. Pursuant to P.L. 112-166, which was enacted on August 10, 2012, after October 9, 2012, the position of Member of the Council of Economic Advisers is no longer subject to Senate advice and consent and is appointed by the President alone. In this instance, a nomination was made prior to the enactment of P.L. 112-166.
Table 58. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Council on Environmental Quality
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Chaira |
II |
|
Deputy Director – Office of Environmental Qualityb |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The Council on Environmental Quality consists of one member who serves as chair. The chair also serves as director of the Office of Environmental Quality (42 U.S.C. §4372(a)).
b. According to the United States Government Manual 2012, "[t]he Council and [Office of Environmental Quality (OEQ)] are collectively referred to as the Council on Environmental Quality."
c. "The compensation of the Deputy Director shall be fixed by the President at a rate not in excess of the annual rate of compensation payable to the Deputy Director of the Bureau of the Budget [Deputy Director of the Office of Management and Budget]" (42 U.S.C. §4372(b)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 60. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of Management and Budget
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
I |
|
Deputy Director |
II |
|
Deputy Director – Management |
II |
|
Controller – Office of Federal Financial Management |
III |
|
Administrator – Office of Federal Procurement Policy |
III |
|
Administrator – Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs |
III |
|
Coordinator – U.S. Intellectual Property Enforcement |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. According to the 2012 edition of the Plum Book, the Coordinator for U.S. Intellectual Property Enforcement was a senior-level position (p. 5). With regard to pay for such positions, the Plum Book states, "The minimum pay for SL [Senior Level] positions is 120 percent of the rate of basic pay for GS-15, step 1. For agencies without a certified performance appraisal system, SL members' pay may not exceed the rate payable for level III of the Executive Schedule. For agencies with a certified performance appraisal system, SL members' pay may not exceed the rate payable for level II of the Executive Schedule. SL members are not entitled to locality-based comparability payments" (p. 204).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Heather A. Higginbottom |
Deputy Director |
01/26/11 |
10/20/11 |
|
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 62. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of National Drug Control Policy
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Positiona |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
II |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Pursuant to P.L. 112-166, which was enacted on August 10, 2012, after October 9, 2012, all four Deputy Director positions in the Office of National Drug Control Policy are no longer subject to Senate advice and consent and are appointed by the President alone. See Appendix B for a complete list of positions in independent agencies included in that legislation.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Marilyn A. Quagliotti |
Dep. Dir. – Demand Reductiona |
02/14/11 |
06/30/11 |
|
|
|
Michael A. Botticelli |
Deputy Director |
02/01/12 |
|
||
Source: Created by CRS.
a. Pursuant to P.L. 112-166, which was enacted on August 10, 2012, after October 9, 2012, the Deputy Director position in the Office of National Drug Control Policy is no longer subject to Senate advice and consent and is appointed by the President alone. In this instance, a nomination was made prior to the enactment of P.L. 112-166.
b. Returned to the President at the end of the 112th Congress under the provisions of Senate Rule XXXI, paragraph 6 of the Standing Rules of the Senate.
Table 64. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of Science and Technology Policy
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Director |
I |
|
Associate Director – Energy and Environment |
III |
|
Associate Director – National Security and International Affairs |
III |
|
Associate Director – Science |
III |
|
Associate Director – Technology |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Philip E. Coyle III |
Assoc. Dir. – National Security and Int'l Affairs |
01/26/11 |
Returned 01/03/12a |
||
|
Patricia K. Falcone |
Assoc. Dir. – National Security and Int'l Affairs |
03/29/12 |
08/02/12 |
|
|
Table 66. Incumbents in Full-Time PAS Positions in the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Trade Representative |
I |
|
Deputy U.S. Trade Representative |
III |
|
Deputy U.S. Trade Representative |
III |
|
Deputy U.S. Trade Representative |
III |
|
Chief Agricultural Negotiator |
III |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Michael W. Punke |
Deputy U.S. Trade Rep. |
01/26/11 |
10/21/11 |
268 |
|
Islam A. Siddiqui |
Chief Agricultural Negotiator |
01/26/11 |
10/21/11 |
268 |
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 68. Full-Time PAS Positions in the African Development Bank
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Executive Director |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. "The Director … representing the United States, if [a citizen] of the United States, may, in the discretion of the President, receive such compensation, allowances, and other benefits as, together with those received from the Bank and from the African Development Fund, may not exceed those authorized for a chief of mission under the Foreign Service Act of 1980" (22 U.S.C. §290i-2).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 70. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Asian Development Bank
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Executive Director |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. "The Director may, in the discretion of the President, receive such compensation, allowances, and other benefits as, together with those received by him from the Bank, will equal those authorized for a chief of mission under the Foreign Service Act of 1980" (22 U.S.C. §285a(b)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 72. Full-Time PAS Positions in the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Director |
Table 73. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development Appointment Action During the 112th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No nomination action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 74. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Inter-American Development Bank
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Executive Directora |
|
|
U.S Alternate Executive Directora |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is three years; incumbent remains in office when a term expires until a successor is appointed (22 U.S.C. §283a(b)).
b. "No person shall be entitled to receive any salary or other compensation from the United States for services as … executive director" (22 U.S.C. §283a(c)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 76. Full-Time PAS Positions in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Executive Directora |
|
|
U.S Alternate Executive Directorc |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is two years; the incumbent may remain in office when a term expires until a successor is appointed (22 U.S.C. §286a(a)).
b. "No person shall be entitled to receive any salary or other compensation from the United States for services as … executive director … [or] alternate." (22 U.S.C. §286a(d)(1)).
c. Term of office is two years; the incumbent may remain in office when a term expires until a successor is appointed (22 U.S.C. §286a(b)).
Table 77. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Appointment Action During the 112th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
|
Sara M. Aviel |
U.S. Alternate Executive Director |
09/06/11 |
05/24/12 |
|
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 78. Full-Time PAS Positions in the International Joint Commission, United States and Canada
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Chair – U.S. Section |
IV |
|
Commissioner – U.S. Section |
V |
|
Commissioner – U.S. Section |
V |
Source: Created by CRS.
Note: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
Table 79. International Joint Commission, United States and Canada Appointment Action During the 112th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
Dereth B. Glance |
Commissioner – U.S. Section |
03/10/11 |
06/30/11 |
112 |
|
Richard M. Moy |
Commissioner – U.S. Section |
03/10/11 |
06/30/11 |
112 |
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 80. Full-Time PAS Positions in the International Monetary Fund
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
U.S. Executive Directora |
|
|
U.S Alternate Executive Directora |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Term of office is two years; the incumbent may remain in office when a term expires until a successor is appointed (22 U.S.C. §286a(a)).
b. "No person shall be entitled to receive any salary or other compensation from the United States for services as … executive director … [or] alternate." (22 U.S.C. §286a(d)(1)).
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 82. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Architect of the Capitol
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Architect of the Capitola |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The architect is appointed to a 10-year term (2 U.S.C. §1801(a)(1)).
b. As provided in 2 U.S.C. §1802, the "compensation of the Architect of the Capitol shall be at an annual rate which is equal to the lesser of the annual salary for the Sergeant at Arms of the House of Representatives or the annual salary for the Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 84. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Government Accountability Office
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Comptroller Generala |
|
|
Deputy Comptroller Generalc |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. The Comptroller General is appointed to a 15-year term, with no holdover provision when the term expires. He or she may be removed before the term expires by impeachment or by a joint resolution of Congress for permanent disability, inefficiency, neglect of duty, malfeasance, or a felony or conduct involving moral turpitude (31 U.S.C. §703(e)(1)).
b. Under 31 U.S.C. §703(f), the "annual rate of basic pay of the – (1) Comptroller General is equal to the rate for level II of the Executive Schedule; and (2) Deputy Comptroller General is equal to the rate for level III of the Executive Schedule."
c. The term of the Deputy Comptroller General expires upon the appointment of a new Comptroller General or when a successor is appointed. No one has been nominated to this office for at least 30 years.
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Table 86. Full-Time PAS Positions in the Government Printing Office
(as of the end of the 112th Congress)
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Public Printer |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Under 44 U.S.C. §303, the "annual rate of pay for the Public Printer shall be a rate which is equal to the rate for level II of the Executive Schedule under subchapter II of chapter 53 of title 5."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
William J. Boarman |
Public Printer |
01/26/11 |
Returned 01/03/12a |
|
|
Position |
Pay Level |
|
Librarian of Congress |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: PAS refers to presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate.
a. Under 2 U.S.C. §136a-2(1), "the Librarian of Congress shall be compensated at an annual rate of pay which is equal to the annual rate of basic pay payable for positions at level II of the Executive Schedule under section 5313 of title 5."
|
Nominee |
Position |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to Confirm |
|
No appointment action during the 112th Congress |
||||
Source: Created by CRS.
Appendix A. Summary of All Nominations and Appointments to Independent and Other Agencies
Table A-1. Nominations and Appointments to Full-Time Positions to Independent and Other Agencies, 112th Congress
|
Nominee |
Position |
Agencya |
Date Nominated |
Date Confirmed |
Days to |
||
|
Katharine G. Abraham |
Member |
CEA |
01/26/11 |
04/14/11 |
|
||
|
Sara M. Aviel |
U.S. Alternate Executive Director |
IBRD |
09/06/11 |
05/24/12 |
|
||
|
William J. Boarman |
Public Printer |
GPO |
01/26/11 |
|
|||
|
Michael A. Botticelli |
Deputy Director |
ONDCP |
02/01/12 |
|
|||
|
T. Charles Cooper |
Asst. Admin. – Legislative and Public Affairs |
USAID |
09/11/12 |
01/01/13 |
|
||
|
Richard Cordray |
Director |
CFPB |
07/18/11 |
Returned 01/03/12 |
|||
|
Richard Cordray |
Director |
CFPB |
Recess Appointment 01/04/12b |
||||
|
Philip E. Coyle III |
Assoc. Dir. – National Security and Int'l Affairs |
OSTP |
01/26/11 |
|
|||
|
Patricia K. Falcone |
Assoc. Dir. – National Security and Int'l Affairs |
OSTP |
03/29/12 |
08/02/12 |
|
||
|
Earl W. Gast |
Asst. Admin. – Africa |
USAID |
10/03/11 |
03/29/12 |
|
||
|
Dereth B. Glance |
Commissioner– U.S. Section |
IJC |
03/10/11 |
06/30/11 |
|
||
|
Jonathan A. Hatfield |
Inspector General |
CNCS |
01/26/11 |
|
|||
|
Heather A. Higginbottom |
Deputy Director |
OMB |
01/26/11 |
10/20/11 |
|
||
|
Deborah J. Jeffrey |
Inspector General |
CNCS |
11/15/11 |
06/29/12 |
|
||
|
James J. Jones |
Asst. Admin. – Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention |
EPA |
01/24/12 |
|
|||
|
Kenneth J. Kopocis |
Asst. Admin. – Water |
EPA |
06/13/11 |
|
|||
|
Alan B. Kreuger |
Member |
CEA |
09/06/11 |
11/03/11 |
|
||
|
Carolyn N. Lerner |
Special Counsel |
OSC |
01/05/11 |
04/14/11 |
|
||
|
Cora B. Marrett |
Deputy Director |
NSF |
01/05/11 |
05/26/11 |
|
||
|
Irvin C. McCullough III |
Inspector General |
ODNI |
08/02/11 |
11/07/11 |
|
||
|
Richard M. Moy |
Commissioner – U.S. Section |
IJC |
03/10/11 |
06/30/11 |
|
||
|
Stephanie O'Sullivan |
Principal Deputy Director |
ODNI |
01/05/11 |
02/17/11 |
|
||
|
Matthew G. Olsen |
Director – National Counterterrorism Center |
ODNI |
07/05/11 |
08/02/11 |
|
||
|
Ariel Pablos-Mendez |
Asst. Admin. – Global Health |
USAID |
03/14/11 |
06/30/11 |
|
||
|
David H. Petraeus |
Director |
CIA |
05/26/11 |
06/30/11 |
|
||
|
Eric G. Postel |
Asst. Admin. – Economic Growth, Education, and Environment |
USAID |
010/5/11 |
03/03/11 |
|
||
|
Michael W. Punke |
Deputy U.S. Trade Rep. |
OUSTR |
01/26/11 |
10/21/11 |
|
||
|
Marilyn A. Quagliotti |
Dep. Dir. – Demand Reduction |
ONDCP |
02/14/11 |
06/30/11 |
|
||
|
Mara E. Rudman |
Asst. Admin. – Middle East |
USAID |
02/17/11 |
9/13/11 |
|
||
|
Winslow L. Sargeant |
Chief Counsel for Advocacy |
SBA |
01/26/11 |
11/18/11 |
|
||
|
Carl Shapiro |
Member |
CEA |
02/28/11 |
04/14/11 |
|
||
|
Walter M. Shaub Jr. |
Director |
OGE |
05/24/12 |
01/01/13 |
|
||
|
Islam A. Siddiqui |
Chief Agricultural Negotiator |
OUSTR |
01/26/11 |
10/21/11 |
|
||
|
Wendy M. Spencer |
Chief Executive Officer |
CNCS |
10/18/11 |
03/29/12 |
|
||
|
Nancy M. Ware |
Director |
CSOSA |
08/02/11 |
11/18/11 |
|
||
|
Mean number of days to confirm nomination |
|
||||||
|
Median number of days to confirm nomination |
|
||||||
Source: Table created by CRS using data found in the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System at http://www.lis.gov/nomis.
a. The key to the agency acronyms may be found in Appendix C.
b. President Obama recess appointed Richard Cordray to be Director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau on January 4, 2012. Cordray was later renominated and confirmed in the 113th Congress. President Obama also made three recess appointments to the National Labor Relations Board on the same date (January 4, 2012) that were later found to be constitutionally invalid by the Supreme Court. For more information, see CRS Report R43032, Practical Implications of Noel Canning on the National Labor Relations Board: In Brief, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed] and CRS Report RL33009, Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview, by [author name scrubbed].
|
Agency Type |
Positions |
Nominations |
Individual Nominees |
Confirmations |
Nominations Returned |
Nominations Withdrawn |
Recess Appointmentsa |
Mean/Median Days to Confirm |
|||||||
|
Independent Agencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
132.6/110.0 |
|||||||
|
Executive Office of the President |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
155.8/131.0 |
|||||||
|
Multilateral Organizations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
na |
|||||||
|
Legislative Agencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
na |
|||||||
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
142.7/112.0 |
Source: Table created by CRS using the data compiled for this report.
a. President Obama recess appointed Richard Cordray to be Director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau on January 4, 2012. Cordray was later renominated and confirmed in the 113th Congress. President Obama also made three recess appointments to the National Labor Relations Board on the same date (January 4, 2012) that were later found to be constitutionally invalid by the Supreme Court. For more information, see CRS Report R43032, Practical Implications of Noel Canning on the National Labor Relations Board: In Brief, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed] and CRS Report RL33009, Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview, by [author name scrubbed].
Appendix B. Positions Affected by P.L. 112-166
Table B-1. Positions in Independent and Other Agencies That No Longer Require Senate Confirmation Under P.L. 112-166
|
Agencya |
Position |
|
ARC |
Alternate Federal Cochair |
|
CEA |
Member (2) |
|
CNCS |
Managing Directors (2) |
|
ONDCP |
Deputy Directors (4)b |
|
ONHIRc |
Commissioner |
|
SSSc |
Director |
|
USAID |
Assistant Administrator – Management |
Source: Created by CRS.
Notes: For more explanation on changes to the appointments process as a result of P.L. 112-166, the Presidential Appointments Streamlining and Efficiency Act, and a complete list of positions that no longer require Senate confirmation, see CRS Report R41872, Presidential Appointments, the Senate's Confirmation Process, and Changes Made in the 112th Congress, by [author name scrubbed].
a. The key to the agency acronyms may be found in Appendix C
b. Includes Deputy Directors for Demand Reduction; Supply Reduction; and State, Local, and Tribal Affairs. The fourth position was simply entitled Deputy Director.
c. This agency no longer appears in the main body of the report because, after P.L. 112-166, it no longer had any full-time positions that were presidentially appointed with the advice and consent of the Senate.
Appendix C. Agency Abbreviations
|
Independent Agencies |
|
|
ARC |
Appalachian Regional Commission |
|
BBG |
Broadcasting Board of Governors |
|
CIA |
Central Intelligence Agency |
|
CFPB |
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau |
|
CNCS |
Corporation for National and Community Service |
|
CSOSA |
Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency for the District of Columbia |
|
DRA |
Delta Regional Authority |
|
EPA |
Environmental Protection Agency |
|
FHFA |
Federal Housing Finance Agency |
|
FMCS |
Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service |
|
GSA |
General Services Administration |
|
MCC |
Millennium Challenge Corporation |
|
NARA |
National Archives and Records Administration |
|
NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
|
NFAH |
National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities |
|
NSF |
National Science Foundation |
|
NBRC |
Northern Border Regional Commission |
|
ODNI |
Office of the Director of National Intelligence |
|
OGE |
Office of Government Ethics |
|
ONHIR |
Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation |
|
OPIC |
Overseas Private Investment Corporation |
|
OPM |
Office of Personnel Management |
|
OSC |
Office of Special Counsel |
|
PC |
Peace Corps |
|
SBA |
Small Business Administration |
|
SSA |
Social Security Administration |
|
SSS |
Selective Service System |
|
TDA |
Trade Development Agency |
|
USAID |
United States Agency for International Development |
|
Executive Office of the President (EOP) |
|
|
CEA |
Council of Economic Advisers |
|
CEQ |
Council on Environmental Quality |
|
OMB |
Office of Management and Budget |
|
ONDCP |
Office of National Drug Control Policy |
|
OSTP |
Office of Science and Technology Policy |
|
OUSTR |
Office of U.S. Trade Representative |
|
Multilateral Banking Organizations |
|
|
AfDB |
African Development Bank |
|
AsDB |
Asian Development Bank |
|
EBRD |
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development |
|
IADB |
Inter-American Development Bank |
|
IBRD |
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development |
|
IJC |
International Joint Commission, U.S. and Canada |
|
IMF |
International Monetary Fund |
|
Legislative Branch Agencies |
|
|
AOC |
Architect of the Capitol |
|
GAO |
Government Accountability Office |
|
GPO |
Government Printing Office |
|
LOC |
Library of Congress |
Source: Created by CRS.
| 1. |
A collection of such reports may be found at http://www.crs.gov/Pages/subissue.aspx?cliid=2153&parentid=12&Preview=False. |
| 2. |
The methodology used in this report to count the length of time between nomination and confirmation differs from that used in some earlier Congressional Research Service (CRS) reports prior to the 110th Congress. The statistics presented here include the days during which the Senate was adjourned for its summer recesses and between sessions of Congress. The change was instituted in the reports covering the 110th Congress, and it reduces the direct comparability of statistics in this report with those of the earlier research. A detailed explanation of this methodological change appears in Appendix E of CRS Report R41776, Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in Independent and Other Agencies During the 110th Congress, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]. |
| 3. |
See Appendix A for more detailed summary information. |
| 4. |
The median is the midpoint of the range of all the numbers when arranged numerically. The median is less sensitive to outliers than the mean. |
| 5. |
Sources include the Senate nominations database of the Legislative Information System (LIS) at http://www.lis.gov/nomis/; the Congressional Record (daily edition); the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents; telephone discussions with agency officials; agency websites; the United States Code; and the 2012 Plum Book (U.S. Congress, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, United States Government Policy and Supporting Positions, 112th Cong., 2nd sess., committee print, December 1, 2012 [Washington: GPO, 2012]). |
| 6. |
The data collected on presidential appointments with the advice and consent of the Senate (PAS positions) at the end of the 112th Congress were collected as of the Senate's last day of business on January 3, 2013. Beginning on January 4, 2013, agency officials were contacted and the lists of positions were finalized. |
| 7. |
For more information on P.L. 112-166, see CRS Report R41872, Presidential Appointments, the Senate's Confirmation Process, and Changes Made in the 112th Congress, by [author name scrubbed]. |