Smithsonian Institution: Selected Legislation, 118th Congress
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Updated December 17, 2024
Smithsonian Institution: Selected Legislation, 118th Congress
The Smithsonian Institution is a complex of museum, education, research, and revenue-generating entities primarily located in the Washington, DC, region, with additional facilities and activities across the United States and world.
This In Focus discusses proposed legislation to authorize new facilities, relationships, or programming within the Smithsonian in the 118th Congress (2023-2024) to date. It excludes discussion of measures that consider Smithsonian appropriations; joint resolutions to appoint citizen Regents (e.g., H.J.Res. 64 or S.J.Res. 28); assignment of a congressional gold medal to the Smithsonian for display and research (e.g., H.R. 1572 or S. 815); general government initiatives that include the Smithsonian in addition to government entities (e.g., H.R. 2701 and S. 3293); and other proposals.
Commission to Study the Potential Transfer of the Weitzman National Museum of American Jewish History to the Smithsonian Institution Act On March 20, 2024, Senator Robert P. Casey, Jr. introduced S. 4001. The same day, Representative Debbie Wasserman Schultz introduced H.R. 7764. Both measures, entitled the Commission to Study the Potential Transfer of the Weitzman National Museum of American Jewish History to the Smithsonian Institution Act, are identical in language that would establish a commission to consider whether to transfer the Weitzman National Museum of American Jewish History (Weitzman), a private museum in Philadelphia, PA, to the Smithsonian Institution.
The commission, composed of members appointed by bipartisan congressional leadership in each chamber, would be required within two years of first meeting to submit a report to the President and Congress considering the feasibility of transferring the Weitzman to the Smithsonian. The report would be required to contain a plan of action regarding collections held by the Weitzman and the extent to which they might overlap with collections held by the Smithsonian and federal memorials; costs of potential future acquisitions; governance, financial, human resources, and donor matters, as well as related legal considerations; and costs for the Smithsonian to operate and maintain a museum outside of Washington, DC.
S. 4001 and H.R. 7764 would require the commission to develop a fundraising plan addressing the ability to support the museum, including potential charges for admission, without reliance on appropriated funds. The bills would require recommendations regarding a legislative plan for transferring the Weitzman to the Smithsonian, and include proposals regarding the timeframe, potential one-time, and continuing appropriations levels, and recommendations for the name of the Weitzman if it is transferred to the Smithsonian. The bills would authorize the commission to
convene a national conference relating to the Weitzman Museum, to be comprised of individuals committed to the advancement of the life, art, history, and culture of Jewish Americans.
S. 4001 was referred to the Senate Committee on Rules and Administration.
H.R. 7764 was referred to the House Committee on House Administration. On September 11, 2024, the committee held a markup of H.R. 7764, and adopted by voice vote an amended version of the bill, and a motion to favorably report the measure to the House by voice vote. H.R. 7764 was considered on September 23, 2024, by the House, which passed the bill, as amended, under suspension of the rules, by voice vote. On December 3, 2024, H.R. 7764 was passed by the Senate without amendment by voice vote. The act was signed into law by the President on December 11, 2024, P.L. 118-144.
National Jazz Preservation, Education, and Promulgation Act of 2023 On January 10, 2023, Representative Sheila Jackson Lee introduced H.R. 240, the National Jazz Preservation, Education, and Promulgation Act of 2023. The bill would establish national jazz preservation and appreciation programs, to be carried out by the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History (NMAH), to preserve knowledge and promote education about jazz, and to further the appreciation of jazz music.
H.R. 240 was referred to the Committee on House Administration, and in addition, to the Committee on Education and the Workforce.
African American History Act On February 2, 2023, Representative Jamaal Bowman introduced H.R. 765. The same day, Senator Cory A. Booker introduced S. 233. Both measures, entitled the African American History Act, are identical in language that would authorize the Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture to develop and make available resources to promote the understanding of African American history, and develop and maintain on its website content designated for educators, students, and families to improve their awareness and understanding of African American history.
H.R. 765 was referred to the Committee on House Administration. S. 233 was referred to the Committee on Rules and Administration.
African Burial Ground International Memorial Museum and Educational Center Act On March 3, 2023, Representative Daniel S. Goldman introduced H.R. 1349, the African Burial Ground
Smithsonian Institution: Selected Legislation, 118th Congress
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International Memorial Museum and Educational Center Act. The bill would establish the African Burial Ground International Memorial Museum and Educational Center at the African Burial Ground National Monument in New York, NY. H.R. 1349 would require the National Park Service to acquire property for the construction of a museum located adjacent to the National Monument or within areas of the National Landmark. The bill would require the museum to “become associated with the National Museum of African American History and Culture [NMAAHC].” The extent of association between the new museum and NMAAHC is not further specified in the bill.
H.R. 1349 was referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, which subsequently referred it to the Subcommittee on Federal Lands.
National Museum of American LGBTQI+ History and Culture Act On October 26, 2024, Representative Mark Pocan introduced H.R. 6101, the National Museum of American LGBTQI+ History and Culture Act. The bill would establish within the Smithsonian the National Museum of American LGBTQI+ History and Culture; create a council to make recommendations to the Smithsonian Board of Regents on museum planning, administration, and budgets; and authorize the appointment of a director and staff for the museum. H.R. 6101 would authorize the museum to carry out educational and liaison programs in support of its goals, and establish specified grant and scholarship programs.
H.R. 6101 was referred to the Committees on House Administration and Transportation and Infrastructure.
LGBTQI+ and Women’s History Education Act of 2023 On June 22, 2023, Representative Becca Balint introduced H.R. 4273, the LGBTQI+ and Women’s History Education Act of 2023. The bill would direct the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History (NMAH) to carry out activities to support LGBTQI+ history and women’s history education programs. In addition, NMAH would be required to develop and maintain on its website content designated for educators, students, and families to improve their awareness and understanding of LGBTQI+ and women’s history education.
H.R. 4273 was referred to the Committee on House Administration.
Commission to Study the Potential Creation of a National Museum of American LGBTQI+ History and Culture Act On October 26, 2023, Representative Mark Pocan introduced H.R. 6102, the Commission to Study the Potential Creation of a National Museum of American LGBTQI+ History and Culture Act. The bill would establish a commission of eight members, appointed by bipartisan leadership of each chamber.
The commission would be required within 18 months of first meeting to submit a report to the President and Congress containing a plan of action regarding the feasibility of establishing and maintaining a national
museum of American LGBTQI+ history and culture, including consideration of the potential museum becoming part of the Smithsonian Institution, and the costs of constructing, operating, and maintaining the proposed museum, including a fundraising plan addressing the ability to support the museum through contributions from the public without reliance on appropriated funds.
H.R. 6102 was referred to the Committees on Natural Resources, House Administration, and the Budget.
Smithsonian History of American Women and Latino Act, the SHAWL Act On August 2, 2024, Representative Nicole Malliotakis introduced H.R. 9274, the SHAWL Act. The measure would authorize sites within the Reserve of the National Mall for the construction of the Smithsonian American Women’s History Museum (SAWHM) and the National Museum of the American Latino (NMAL). Discussion of Smithsonian Museum siting is available in CRS Report R44370, Smithsonian Institution Museums: Selected Issues for Congress. H.R. 9274 would also require both museums to ensure that the exhibits and programs of the museum accurately and comprehensively represent the varied cultures, histories, events, and values held by women (for SAWHM) and by Latinos (for NMAL) in the United States. The bill would require the secretary of the Smithsonian to submit reports 120 days after passage and every two years thereafter to various congressional committees on actions taken by each museum to comply with political viewpoint diversity requirements, including revisions of current exhibits and programs, and the planning of future exhibits and programs.
H.R. 9274 was referred to the Committees on House Administration and Natural Resources.
Juneteenth Museum Act of 2024 On November 20, 2024, Representative Randy K. Weber, Sr. introduced H.R. 10190, the Juneteenth Museum Act of 2024. The bill would direct the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution to study the feasibility of establishing a Juneteenth Museum on Galveston Island, Texas, including examination of the costs of construction and operation of the museum; whether the museum should be established as part of NMAAHC; and potential sites on Galveston Island for construction of the museum. The Secretary would be required to submit a report on the feasibility study to the House Committees on Natural Resources and House Administration and the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.
H.R. 10190 was referred to the Committee on House Administration.
Status of Legislation No further action has been taken on any of the measures described here as of the date of this report.
R. Eric Petersen, Specialist in American National Government
IF12719
Smithsonian Institution: Selected Legislation, 118th Congress
https://crsreports.congress.gov | IF12719 · VERSION 6 · UPDATED
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