Service-Contingent Federal Student Loan
November 17, 2023January 29, 2024
Forgiveness and Loan Repayment Programs
Alexandra Hegji
Student loan forgiveness and loan repayment programs enable borrowers to have all or
Student loan forgiveness and loan repayment programs enable borrowers to have all or
part of
Analyst in Social Policy
Analyst in Social Policy
part of their student loan debt forgiven or repaid on their behalf if they meet specified their student loan debt forgiven or repaid on their behalf if they meet specified
eligibility criteria. eligibility criteria.
A primary type of such programs provides benefits to borrowers who A primary type of such programs provides benefits to borrowers who
complete work or service in
Elayne J. Heisler
complete work or service in specific fields or professions. These service-contingent specific fields or professions. These service-contingent
Specialist in Health
student loan forgiveness and loan student loan forgiveness and loan
Specialist in Health
repayment programs are typically intended to provide repayment programs are typically intended to provide
Services
a financial incentive to encourage a financial incentive to encourage
Services
individuals to enter public service or a particular individuals to enter public service or a particular
profession, occupation, or occupational profession, occupation, or occupational
specialty, or to remain employed in a high-need specialty, or to remain employed in a high-need
Sylvia L. Bryan
profession or occupation (often in certain locations). profession or occupation (often in certain locations).
Sylvia L. Bryan Research Assistant Research Assistant
The number and availability of service-contingent loan forgiveness and loan repayment
The number and availability of service-contingent loan forgiveness and loan repayment
programs programs
have expanded considerably since the establishment of the first major federal have expanded considerably since the establishment of the first major federal
loan forgiveness loan forgiveness
program under the National Defense Education Act of 1958. Currently, program under the National Defense Education Act of 1958. Currently,
federal law authorizes at least federal law authorizes at least
4647 such programs, approximately 30 of which were such programs, approximately 30 of which were
became operational on operational on
or after October October
1, 2021, or became operational sometime thereafter. This report provides information on the characteristics and 1, 2021, or became operational sometime thereafter. This report provides information on the characteristics and
funding of these various programs. For more detailed information on each of these programs, along with a funding of these various programs. For more detailed information on each of these programs, along with a
discussion of overarching program design features and policy issues associated with them, see CRS Report discussion of overarching program design features and policy issues associated with them, see CRS Report
R43571, R43571,
Federal Student Loan Forgiveness and Loan Repayment Programs (archived). (archived).
Loan forgiveness benefits may also be available to certain federal student loan borrowers following a prolonged
Loan forgiveness benefits may also be available to certain federal student loan borrowers following a prolonged
period during which their student loan debt burden is high relative to their income. These benefits are provided by period during which their student loan debt burden is high relative to their income. These benefits are provided by
various student loan various student loan
income-driven repayment plans. Certain other federal student loan borrowers may be relieved . Certain other federal student loan borrowers may be relieved
of the responsibility to repay all or part of their loan debt via a loan of the responsibility to repay all or part of their loan debt via a loan
discharge, which is typically available to , which is typically available to
borrowers based on a borrower’s hardship (e.g., total and permanent disability, bankruptcy). These types of borrowers based on a borrower’s hardship (e.g., total and permanent disability, bankruptcy). These types of
benefits are not discussed in this report. For additional information on student loan income-driven repayment benefits are not discussed in this report. For additional information on student loan income-driven repayment
plans and loan discharge options, see CRS Report R45931, plans and loan discharge options, see CRS Report R45931,
Federal Student Loans Made Through the William D.
Ford Federal Direct Loan Program: Terms and Conditions for Borrowers. .
Congressional Research Service
Congressional Research Service
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Service-Contingent Federal Student Loan Forgiveness and Repayment Programs
Contents
Tables
Table 1. Operational Service-Contingent Federal Student Loan Forgiveness and Loan
Repayment Programs ................................................................................................................... 3
Table 2. Service-Contingent Federal Student Loan Repayment Programs That Were
Previously Active, Never Active, or for Which Program Information Is Unavailable .............. 15
Contacts
Author Information ........................................................................................................................ 19
Congressional Research Service
Congressional Research Service
Service-Contingent Federal Student Loan Forgiveness and Repayment Programs
urrently, federal law authorizes at least
urrently, federal law authorizes at least
4647 programs to enable borrowers to have all or part programs to enable borrowers to have all or part
of their student loan debt forgiven or repaid on their behalf in exchange for the borrower’s of their student loan debt forgiven or repaid on their behalf in exchange for the borrower’s
C completion of specified work or service; approximately 30 of these authorized programs
C completion of specified work or service; approximately 30 of these authorized programs
were operational on or after October 1, 2021, or became operational sometime thereafter.1 These
were operational on or after October 1, 2021, or became operational sometime thereafter.1 These
service-contingent student loan forgiveness and loan repayment programs are typically intended service-contingent student loan forgiveness and loan repayment programs are typically intended
to provide a financial incentive to encourage individuals to enter public service or a particular to provide a financial incentive to encourage individuals to enter public service or a particular
profession, occupation, or occupational specialty, or to remain employed in a high-need profession, occupation, or occupational specialty, or to remain employed in a high-need
profession or occupation (often in certain locations). Each of the programs has unique profession or occupation (often in certain locations). Each of the programs has unique
characteristics in terms of their service requirements, benefit amounts, administrative structures, characteristics in terms of their service requirements, benefit amounts, administrative structures,
and program funding. and program funding.
While all of these service-contingent student loan forgiveness or student loan repayment
While all of these service-contingent student loan forgiveness or student loan repayment
programs provide student loan debt relief benefits based on a borrower’s completion of specified programs provide student loan debt relief benefits based on a borrower’s completion of specified
service, a primary distinction among these programs is whether they are considered a service, a primary distinction among these programs is whether they are considered a
loan
forgiveness or a or a
loan repayment program. In general, loan forgiveness benefits are broadly program. In general, loan forgiveness benefits are broadly
available to borrowers of qualified loans, and the availability of the benefits is expressed to available to borrowers of qualified loans, and the availability of the benefits is expressed to
borrowers in their loan documents (e.g., in a master promissory note).2 A borrower who satisfies borrowers in their loan documents (e.g., in a master promissory note).2 A borrower who satisfies
the loan forgiveness program’s eligibility criteria, as set forth in the loan terms and conditions, is the loan forgiveness program’s eligibility criteria, as set forth in the loan terms and conditions, is
entitled to the loan forgiveness benefits. Benefits that are entitlements to qualified borrowers are entitled to the loan forgiveness benefits. Benefits that are entitlements to qualified borrowers are
generally funded through mandatory appropriations and accounted for as part of federal student generally funded through mandatory appropriations and accounted for as part of federal student
loan subsidy costs. loan subsidy costs.
In contrast, under a loan repayment program, the entity that administers the program typically
In contrast, under a loan repayment program, the entity that administers the program typically
either directly repays some or all of the qualified borrower’s student loan debt on the borrower’s either directly repays some or all of the qualified borrower’s student loan debt on the borrower’s
behalf or provides funding to a separate entity for purposes of implementing a loan repayment behalf or provides funding to a separate entity for purposes of implementing a loan repayment
program and making such payments. Loan repayment benefits are generally offered through program and making such payments. Loan repayment benefits are generally offered through
programs that are separate or distinct from the program through which a federal student loan is programs that are separate or distinct from the program through which a federal student loan is
made and are generally available to a limited number of qualified borrowers. Typically, the made and are generally available to a limited number of qualified borrowers. Typically, the
availability of loan repayment benefits is subject to the discretionary appropriation of funds. availability of loan repayment benefits is subject to the discretionary appropriation of funds.
The number and availability of service-contingent loan forgiveness and loan repayment programs
The number and availability of service-contingent loan forgiveness and loan repayment programs
have have
expendedexpanded considerably since the establishment of the first major federal loan forgiveness considerably since the establishment of the first major federal loan forgiveness
program under the National Defense Education Act of 1958. As noted above, currently, program under the National Defense Education Act of 1958. As noted above, currently,
4647 such such
programs are authorized at the federal level, and approximately 30 of these authorized programs programs are authorized at the federal level, and approximately 30 of these authorized programs
were operational on October 1, 2021, or became operational sometime thereafter. The tables in were operational on October 1, 2021, or became operational sometime thereafter. The tables in
this report provide information on the characteristics this report provide information on the characteristics
of and funding and funding
offor these various programs. For these various programs. For
more detailed information on each of these programs, along with a discussion of overarching more detailed information on each of these programs, along with a discussion of overarching
program design features and program design features and
associated policy issuespolicy issues
associated with them, see CRS Report R43571, , see CRS Report R43571,
Federal Student Loan Forgiveness and Loan Repayment Programs (archived). (archived).
Loan forgiveness benefits may also be available to certain federal student loan borrowers
Loan forgiveness benefits may also be available to certain federal student loan borrowers
following a prolonged period during which their student loan debt burden is high relative to their following a prolonged period during which their student loan debt burden is high relative to their
income. These benefits are provided income. These benefits are provided
bythrough repayment under various student loan various student loan
income-driven repayment plans. .
Certain other federal student loan borrowers may be relieved of the responsibility to repay all or Certain other federal student loan borrowers may be relieved of the responsibility to repay all or
part of their loan debt via a loan part of their loan debt via a loan
discharge, which is typically available to borrowers based on a , which is typically available to borrowers based on a
borrower’s hardship (e.g., total and permanent disability, borrower’s hardship (e.g., total and permanent disability,
bankruptcy). These types of benefits are
1 CRS chose October 1, 2021, as the cut-off date due to variability in the availability of information and the timing of
1 CRS chose October 1, 2021, as the cut-off date due to variability in the availability of information and the timing of
agency reports on programs. agency reports on programs.
2 Some loan forgiveness programs have been established and made available to individuals who have already borrowed
2 Some loan forgiveness programs have been established and made available to individuals who have already borrowed
their loans. The resulting change to the terms and conditions of an existing loan program is referred to as a their loans. The resulting change to the terms and conditions of an existing loan program is referred to as a
loan
modification. .
Congressional Research Service
Congressional Research Service
1
1
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Service-Contingent Federal Student Loan Forgiveness and Repayment Programs
bankruptcy). These types of benefits are not discussed in this report. For additional information on student loan income-driven repayment not discussed in this report. For additional information on student loan income-driven repayment
plans and loan discharge options, see CRS Report R45931, plans and loan discharge options, see CRS Report R45931,
Federal Student Loans Made Through
the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program: Terms and Conditions for Borrowers. .
This report provides information on federally authorized service-contingent student loan
This report provides information on federally authorized service-contingent student loan
forgiveness and repayment programs in two tables.forgiveness and repayment programs in two tables.
Table 1 lists programs that were operational lists programs that were operational
on or after October 1, 2021on or after October 1, 2021
. Table 2 lists such programs that were previously operational prior to lists such programs that were previously operational prior to
October 1, 2021; that were never active; or for which program information is unavailable. Both October 1, 2021; that were never active; or for which program information is unavailable. Both
tables contain the following information: tables contain the following information:
• program name,
• program name,
• statutory citation, • statutory citation,
• administering agency, • administering agency,
• qualifying service required of program participants, • qualifying service required of program participants,
• maximum amount of benefits program participants can receive, • maximum amount of benefits program participants can receive,
• most recently available data regarding the amount of funds appropriated for the • most recently available data regarding the amount of funds appropriated for the
program or the amount of benefits awarded under the program, and
program or the amount of benefits awarded under the program, and
• resources for additional information.
• resources for additional information.
In general, both tables are organized by sequential U.S. Code citation. In Table 1, information on student loan forgiveness programs is presented first, followed by information on student loan repayment programs.A relevant feature of these programs not depicted in the tables is the type(s) of loans that are eligible for benefits under each program. In general, there are three broad categories of loans that may be eligible benefits under these programs. They are (1) student loans made under Title IV of the Higher Education Act (HEA), which include the primary federal student loan program—the Direct Loan program3—and two other programs under which no new loans are being made but for which borrowers remain responsible for repaying outstanding loan amounts—the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program and the Federal Perkins Loan program; (2) student loans made under one of the various loan programs authorized by Title VII and Title VIII of the Public Health Service Act and that are generally available to individuals pursuing health education programs;4 and (3) private (nonfederal) education loans. The three existing federal student loan forgiveness programs are available only to specific types of HEA Title IV program loans, while many of the federal student loan repayment programs are available to not only HEA Title IV program loans but also to loans made under the PHSA and, in some circumstances, private education loans. For information on which types of loans qualify under each of the programs, see the statutory citations and additional resources provided in Table 1 and Table 2.
In general, both tables are organized by sequential U.S. Code citation. In Table 1, information on student loan forgiveness programs is presented first, followed by information on student loan repayment programs.
3 For additional information, see CRS Report R45931, Federal Student Loans Made Through the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program: Terms and Conditions for Borrowers.
4 For additional information, see CRS Report R46720, Student Loan Programs Authorized by the Public Health Service Act: An Overview.
Congressional Research Service
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2
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Table 1. Operational Service-Contingent Federal Student Loan Forgiveness and Loan Repayment Programs
Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
Student Loan Forgiveness Programs
Teacher Loan
Teacher Loan
Department of
Department of
Five consecutive
Five consecutive
20 U.S.C. §§1078-10
20 U.S.C. §§1078-10
$5,000 in general;
$5,000 in general;
$223.2 mil ion forgiven in
$223.2 mil ion forgiven in
https://studentaid.gov/
https://studentaid.gov/
ForgivenessForgivenessa
Education (ED)
Education (ED)
years of ful -time
years of ful -time
and 1087j
and 1087j
$17,500 for special
$17,500 for special
award year 2017-2018aFY2022
manage-loans/
manage-loans/
employment as a
employment as a
education, science
education, science
forgiveness-
forgiveness-
teacher in public or
teacher in public or
or mathematics
or mathematics
cancellation/teacher
cancellation/teacher
private nonprofit
private nonprofit
teachers
teachers
schools or education
schools or education
service agencies service agencies
Public Service LoanDirect Loan Public
ED
ED
10 years of ful -time
10 years of ful -time
20 U.S.C. §1087e(m) Remaining loan
20 U.S.C. §1087e(m) Remaining loan
$
$
13.537.4 bil ion forgiven in bil ion forgiven in
https://studentaid.gov/
https://studentaid.gov/
ForgivenessService Loan
employment in
employment in
balance after 10
balance after 10
FY2022bFY2023b
manage-loans/
manage-loans/
Forgiveness
public service jobs public service jobs
years of qualifying
years of qualifying
forgiveness-
forgiveness-
payments
payments
cancellation/
cancellation/
public-service public-service
Federal Perkins LoanPerkins Loan
ED ED
One to five years of
One to five years of
20 U.S.C. §1087ee
20 U.S.C. §1087ee
Specified percentage
Specified percentage
$
$
31.212.7 mil ion forgiven in mil ion forgiven in
https://studentaid.gov/
https://studentaid.gov/
Cancellation
Cancellation
ful -time
ful -time
of loan balance
of loan balance
award year
award year
2017-2018 2020-
manage-loans/
manage-loans/
employment in
employment in
forgiven for each
forgiven for each
2021Error! Reference s
forgiveness- forgiveness-
specific public
specific public
year of service; up to
year of service; up to
ource not found.
cancellation/perkins
cancellation/perkins
service professions
service professions
100% of loan balance
100% of loan balance
forgiven for five forgiven for five
years of service years of service
Student Loan Repayment Programs
Student Loan
Secretary of the
At least one year of
2 U.S.C. §4579
$500 per month;
$9.8 mil ion appropriated
None
Repayment Program
Senate
employment in the
$40,000 in total
in FY2023
for Senate
U.S. Senate or the
Employees
Office of Congressional Accessibility Services
Student Loan
House Office of the
At least one year of
2 U.S.C. §4536
$833 per month;
Currently unavailable to
None
Repayment for
Chief Administrative
employment in the
$80,000 in total
CRS
House Employees
Officer
U. S. House of Representatives Congressional
CBO
Service as a CBO
2 U.S.C. §610
$6,000 per year;
$18,000 repaid in FY2023
https://www.cbo.gov/s
Budget Office
employee
$40,000 in total
ystem/files/2023-
(CBO) Student Loan
02/58881-Budget-
Repayment Program
Request.pdf
Student Loan
Secretary of the
At least one year of
2 U.S.C. §4579
$833 per month;
$9.8 mil ion appropriated
None
Repayment Program
Senate
employment in the
$80,000 in total
in FY2023
for Senate
U.S. Senate or the
Employees
Office of Congressional Accessibility Services
CRS-3
CRS-3
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Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
Student Loan
House Office of the
At least one year of
2 U.S.C. §4536
$833 per month;
Currently unavailable to
None
Repayment for
Chief Administrative
employment in the
$80,000 in total
CRS
House Employees
Officer
U. S. House of Representatives
Government Government
Various
Various
At least three years
At least three years
5 U.S.C. §5379
5 U.S.C. §5379
$10,000 per year;
$10,000 per year;
$75.4 mil ion student loan
$75.4 mil ion student loan
https://www.opm.gov/
https://www.opm.gov/
Employee Loan
Employee Loan
of service with
of service with
$60,000 total
$60,000 total
repayment benefits
repayment benefits
policy-data-oversight/
policy-data-oversight/
Repayment
Repayment
participating federal
participating federal
provided in Calendar Year pay-leave/student-
provided in Calendar Year pay-leave/student-
Progr
Progr
amcamd
executive branch
executive branch
2021 across 29 agencies
2021 across 29 agencies
loan-repayment/#url=
loan-repayment/#url=
agencies or certain
agencies or certain
Overview
Overview
legislative branch
legislative branch
offices offices
Veterinary Medicine
Veterinary Medicine
Department of
Department of
Three years of
Three years of
7 U.S.C. §3151a
7 U.S.C. §3151a
$25,000 per year of
$25,000 per year of
$10 mil ion appropriated
$10 mil ion appropriated
https://www.nifa.usda.
https://www.nifa.usda.
Loan Repayment
Loan Repayment
Agriculture, National service as a
Agriculture, National service as a
service
service
in FY2023
in FY2023
gov/
gov/
Program
Program
Institute of Food and veterinarian in a
Institute of Food and veterinarian in a
grants/programs/
grants/programs/
Agriculture
Agriculture
designated
designated
veterinary-medicine-
veterinary-medicine-
veterinary shortage
veterinary shortage
loan-repayment-
loan-repayment-
situation
situation
program
program
Defense Acquisition
Defense Acquisition
See below
See below
Three years of
Three years of
10 U.S.C. §1745
10 U.S.C. §1745
$10,000 per year;
$10,000 per year;
See below
See below
None
None
Workforce Student
Workforce Student
employment as
employment as
$60,000 in total
$60,000 in total
Loan Program
Loan Program
DOD acquisition
DOD acquisition
personnel personnel
Department of
Department of
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
$6.3 mil ion awarded in
$6.3 mil ion awarded in
https://www.hci.mil/
https://www.hci.mil/
Defense (DOD),
Defense (DOD),
FY2021
FY2021
docs/Policy/FY21
docs/Policy/FY21
Department of the
Department of the
DAWDAAnnual
DAWDAAnnual
Army
Army
Report.pdf
Report.pdf
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Currently unavailable to
Currently unavailable to
None
None
of the Navy
of the Navy
CRS
CRS
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Currently unavailable to
Currently unavailable to
None
None
of the Air Force
of the Air Force
CRS
CRS
Armed Forces
Armed Forces
See below
See below
At least one year of
At least one year of
10 U.S.C. §2171
10 U.S.C. §2171
In general, the
In general, the
See below
See below
See below
See below
EducationalEducation Loan Loan
active-duty service
active-duty service
greater of 33⅓% of
greater of 33⅓% of
Repayment Program:
Repayment Program:
in an officer program
in an officer program
the outstanding loan
the outstanding loan
Enlisted Members on
Enlisted Members on
or military specialty
or military specialty
or $1,500 per year.
or $1,500 per year.
Active Duty in
specified by the
Maximum aggregate
Specified Military
Secretary of
benefits may vary by
Specialties
Defense. Specific
military department.
requirements may
CRS-4 CRS-4
Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
Active Duty in
specified by the
Maximum aggregate
Specified Military
Secretary of
benefits may vary by
Specialties
Defense. Specific
military department.
requirements may vary by military vary by military
department department
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
At least three years
At least three years
See above
See above
$65,000
$65,000
$8.6 mil ion repaid in
$8.6 mil ion repaid in
https://myarmybenefit
https://myarmybenefit
of the Army
of the Army
of service
of service
FY2023 (estimated)
FY2023 (estimated)
s.us.army.mil/
s.us.army.mil/
benefit-library/ federal-benefits/ col ege-loan- repayment-program- (lrp)#:~:text=The%20 Loan%20Repayment %20Program%20 (LRP,MOSs) %20 qualify%20for%20the %20LRP Benefit-Library/Federal-Benefits/Col ege-Loan-Repayment-Program-(LRP)?serv=122
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
At least three years
At least three years
See above
See above
$65,000
$65,000
$5 mil ion repaid in
$5 mil ion repaid in
—
—
of the Navy
of the Navy
of service
of service
FY2023
FY2023
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
At least four years
At least four years
See above
See above
$65,000
$65,000
Air Force: $15 mil ion
Air Force: $15 mil ion
https://www.af.mil/
https://www.af.mil/
of the Air Force
of the Air Force
of service
of service
repaid in FY2023
repaid in FY2023
News/Article-Display/
News/Article-Display/
Article/3325584/air-
Article/3325584/air-
force-secures-force-secures-
Air Force Judge Advocate
Air Force Judge Advocate
additional-funding-for-
additional-funding-for-
General Corps: $5.2
General Corps: $5.2
recruitment-
recruitment-
mil ion repaid in FY2023
mil ion repaid in FY2023
incentive-programs/
incentive-programs/
Active Duty Health
Active Duty Health
See below
See below
At least one year of
At least one year of
10 U.S.C. §2173
10 U.S.C. §2173
In general, $60,000
In general, $60,000
See below
See below
https://www.esd.whs.
https://www.esd.whs.
Professionals Loan
Professionals Loan
active-duty service
active-duty service
per year. Maximum
per year. Maximum
mil/
mil/
Repayment Program
Repayment Program
(or ability to serve
(or ability to serve
aggregate benefits
aggregate benefits
Portals/54/
Portals/54/
on active duty) as an
on active duty) as an
may vary by military
may vary by military
Documents/DD/
Documents/DD/
officer in a specified
officer in a specified
department
department
issuances/dodi/
issuances/dodi/
health care
health care
600013p.pdf
600013p.pdf
profession. Specific
profession. Specific
requirements may requirements may
vary by military vary by military
department. department.
DOD, Department
See above
See above
$40,000 per year
Currently unavailable to
Chapter 4 of
of the Army
CRS
https://armypubs.army
CRS-5
CRS-5
Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
DOD, Department
See above
See above
$40,000 per year
Currently unavailable to
Chapter 4 of
of the Army
CRS
https://armypubs.army
.mil/ .mil/
epubs/DR_pubs/ epubs/DR_pubs/
DR_a/pdf/web/r601_ DR_a/pdf/web/r601_
141.pdf 141.pdf
https://recruiting.armyhttps://recruiting.army
.mil/ .mil/
MRB_Medical MRB_Medical
Services/ Services/
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
$40,000 per year
$40,000 per year
$468,000 repaid in
$468,000 repaid in
https://www.med.navy
https://www.med.navy
of the Navy
of the Navy
FY2023
FY2023
.mil/
.mil/
Accessions/ Accessions/
Health-Professions- Health-Professions-
Loan-Repayment- Loan-Repayment-
Program/ Program/
DOD Memorandum, DOD Memorandum,
“Health Professions “Health Professions
Officer Special and Officer Special and
Incentive Pay Plan,” Incentive Pay Plan,”
September 6, 2022, September 6, 2022,
on file with CRS on file with CRS
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
$40,000 per year
$40,000 per year
Currently unavailable to
Currently unavailable to
https://static.e-
https://static.e-
of the Air Force
of the Air Force
CRS
CRS
publishing.af.mil/
publishing.af.mil/
production/1/af_sg/ production/1/af_sg/
publication/ publication/
dodi6000.13_dafi41- dodi6000.13_dafi41-
110/dodi6000.13_ 110/dodi6000.13_
dafi41-110.pdf dafi41-110.pdf
Education Loan
Education Loan
See below
See below
At least one year of
At least one year of
10 U.S.C. §16301
10 U.S.C. §16301
In general, the
In general, the
See below
See below
See below
See below
Repayment Program:
Repayment Program:
service in the
service in the
greater of 15% of
greater of 15% of
Members of the
Selected Reserve in Selected Reserve in
the outstanding loan
the outstanding loan
Selected Reserve
certain officer
or $500 per year,
programs or enlisted
plus accrued
CRS-6 CRS-6
Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
Members of the
certain officer
or $500 per year,
Selected Reserve
programs or enlisted
plus accrued
military specialties. military specialties.
interest. Maximum
interest. Maximum
Specific
Specific
aggregate benefits
aggregate benefits
requirements may
requirements may
may vary by military
may vary by military
vary by military
vary by military
department.
department.
department.
department.
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
At least six years of
At least six years of
See above
See above
$20,000
$20,000
Army Reserve: $14.6
Army Reserve: $14.6
https://myarmybenefit
https://myarmybenefit
of the Army
of the Army
service
service
mil ion repaid in FY2023
mil ion repaid in FY2023
s.us.army.mil/Benefit-
s.us.army.mil/Benefit-
Library/Federal-Library/Federal-
Benefits/Col ege-Benefits/Col ege-
Loan-Repayment-Loan-Repayment-
Program-(LRP) Program-(LRP)
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
—
—
See above
See above
—
—
Currently unavailable to
Currently unavailable to
None
None
of the Navy
of the Navy
CRS
CRS
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
At least six years of
At least six years of
See above
See above
$20,000
$20,000
Air Force Reserve: $1.1
Air Force Reserve: $1.1
https://www.arpc.afrc.
https://www.arpc.afrc.
of the Air Force
of the Air Force
service
service
mil ion repaid in FY2023
mil ion repaid in FY2023
af.mil/
af.mil/
Services/ Services/
Education/Student- Education/Student-
Loan-Repayment- Loan-Repayment-
Program/ Program/
Selected Reserve
Selected Reserve
See below
See below
At least one year of
At least one year of
10 U.S.C. §16302
10 U.S.C. §16302
Varies by medical
Varies by medical
See below
See below
DOD Memorandum,
DOD Memorandum,
Health Professionals
Health Professionals
service in the
service in the
specialty ($20,000-
specialty ($20,000-
“Health Professions
“Health Professions
Loan Repayment
Loan Repayment
Selected Reserve
Selected Reserve
$40,000 per year
$40,000 per year
Officer Special and
Officer Special and
Program
Program
while being qualified
while being qualified
and $60,000-
and $60,000-
Incentive Pay Plan,”
Incentive Pay Plan,”
(or enrol ed in an
(or enrol ed in an
$250,000 in total)
$250,000 in total)
September 6, 2022,
September 6, 2022,
educational program
educational program
on file with CRS
on file with CRS
leading to such
leading to such
qualifications) in a qualifications) in a
health profession health profession
determined by the determined by the
Secretary of Defense Secretary of Defense
to be critically to be critically
needed to meet needed to meet
identified wartime identified wartime
CRS-7
CRS-7
link to page 16
link to page 16
Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
combat medical
combat medical
skil s shorskil s shor
tagesdtagese
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Army Reserve:
Army Reserve:
https://recruiting.army
https://recruiting.army
of the Army
of the Army
$19,742,000 repaid in
$19,742,000 repaid in
.mil/
.mil/
FY2023
FY2023
MRB_Medical
MRB_Medical
Services/
Services/
National Guard:
National Guard:
$18,451,000 repaid in
$18,451,000 repaid in
Department of the
Department of the
FY2023 (estimated)
FY2023 (estimated)
Army Memorandum,
Army Memorandum,
“U.S. Army Reserve “U.S. Army Reserve
(USAR) Health (USAR) Health
Professions Special Professions Special
and Incentive (HPS&I) and Incentive (HPS&I)
Pay Plan Policy for Pay Plan Policy for
Fiscal Year (2023),” Fiscal Year (2023),”
September 29, 2022, September 29, 2022,
on file with CRS on file with CRS
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
$680,000 repaid in
$680,000 repaid in
https://www.med.navy
https://www.med.navy
of the Navy
of the Navy
FY2023 (estimated)
FY2023 (estimated)
.mil/
.mil/
Accessions/ Accessions/
Health-Professions- Health-Professions-
Loan-Repayment- Loan-Repayment-
Program Program
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Air Force Reserve:
Air Force Reserve:
https://static.e-
https://static.e-
of the Air Force
of the Air Force
$2,460,000 repaid in
$2,460,000 repaid in
publishing.af.mil/
publishing.af.mil/
FY2023 (estimated)
FY2023 (estimated)
production/1/af_sg/
production/1/af_sg/
publication/
publication/
dodi6000.13_dafi41-dodi6000.13_dafi41-
Air National Guard:
Air National Guard:
110/
110/
currently unavailable to
currently unavailable to
dodi6000.13_dafi41-
dodi6000.13_dafi41-
CRS
CRS
110.pdf
110.pdf
https://www.recruitinhttps://www.recruitin
g.af.mil/ g.af.mil/
CRS-8
CRS-8
link to page 16 link to page 16 link to page 16 link to page 16
link to page 16 link to page 16 link to page 16 link to page 16
link to page 16
Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
Portals/78/
Portals/78/
AFR%2022-004%20 AFR%2022-004%20
HP%20Loan%20 HP%20Loan%20
Repayment%20 Repayment%20
Program.pdf Program.pdf
Indian Health
Indian Health
Department of
Department of
At least two years of 25 U.S.C. §1616a
At least two years of 25 U.S.C. §1616a
Up to $50,000 for
Up to $50,000 for
$80.6 mil io
$80.6 mil io
nenf
https://www.ihs.gov/
https://www.ihs.gov/
Service (IHS) Loan
Service (IHS) Loan
Health and Human
Health and Human
service as a health
service as a health
two-year term, plus
two-year term, plus
appropriated in FY2023
appropriated in FY2023
loanrepayment/
loanrepayment/
Repayment Program
Repayment Program
Services (HHS), IHS
Services (HHS), IHS
provider at an IHS
provider at an IHS
an additional 24% of
an additional 24% of
or at a tribally
or at a tribally
the
the
repayment borrower’s
operated facility
operated facility
amount provided forfederal income tax
funded by the IHS
funded by the IHS
federal income taxesliability associated with the repayment benefit
John R. Justice (JRJ)
John R. Justice (JRJ)
Department of
Department of
At least three years
At least three years
34 U.S.C. §10671
34 U.S.C. §10671
$10,000 per year;
$10,000 per year;
$5 mil ion appropriated in
$5 mil ion appropriated in
https://bja.ojp.gov/
https://bja.ojp.gov/
Loan Repayment for
Loan Repayment for
Justice (DOJ),
Justice (DOJ),
of service as ful -
of service as ful -
$60,000 total
$60,000 total
FY2023
FY2023
program/john-r-
program/john-r-
Prosecutors and
Prosecutors and
Bureau of Justice
Bureau of Justice
time prosecutor,
time prosecutor,
justice/overview
justice/overview
Public Defenders
Public Defenders
Assistance (BJ
Assistance (BJ
A)fg
public defender, or
public defender, or
Program
Program
federal defender
federal defender
Veterans Affairs
Veterans Affairs
Department of
Department of
At least two years of 38 U.S.C. §§7681-
At least two years of 38 U.S.C. §§7681-
$40,000 per year;
$40,000 per year;
$160 mil ion appropriated
$160 mil ion appropriated
https://vacareers.va.go
https://vacareers.va.go
Education Debt
Education Debt
Veterans Affairs
Veterans Affairs
service as a VHA
service as a VHA
7683
7683
$200,000 total over
$200,000 total over
in FY2023
in FY2023
v/
v/
Reduction Program
Reduction Program
(VA), Veterans
(VA), Veterans
health professional
health professional
a five-year period
a five-year period
wp-content/
wp-content/
Health
Health
who provides direct
who provides direct
uploads/sites/5/
uploads/sites/5/
Administration
Administration
patient care or
patient care or
EDRP.pdf
EDRP.pdf
(VHA)
(VHA)
services incident to
services incident to
direct patient care, direct patient care,
in difficult-to-fil in difficult-to-fil
health professionhealth profession
sgsh
Program for the
Program for the
VA, VHA
VA, VHA
At least two years of 38 U.S.C. §7681,
At least two years of 38 U.S.C. §7681,
Up to $30,000 per
Up to $30,000 per
Currently unavailable to
Currently unavailable to
None
None
Repayment of
Repayment of
service as a VHA
service as a VHA
note
note
year
year
CRS
CRS
Educational
Educational
Loansi
health professional
health professional
LoansError! R
who serves as a
eference source
qualified psychiatrist
not found.who serves as a qualified psychiatrist
Veterans Affairs
Veterans Affairs
VA, VHA
VA, VHA
At least two years of 38 U.S.C. §§7691 et
At least two years of 38 U.S.C. §§7691 et
Up to $40,000 per
Up to $40,000 per
$2.6 mil ion appropriated
$2.6 mil ion appropriated
https://va-ams-
https://va-ams-
Specialty Education
Specialty Education
service as a VHA
service as a VHA
seq.
seq.
year; $160,000 total
year; $160,000 total
in FY202
in FY202
2i2j
info.intelliworxit.com/
info.intelliworxit.com/
health professional
selrp/about-selrp/
CRS-9 CRS-9
link to page
link to page
1617 link to page 17 link to page 17 link to page 17 link to page 17 link to page 17
Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
Debt Reduction
Debt Reduction
health professional
selrp/about-selrp/
Program
employed in difficult-employed in difficult-
#:~:text=The%20
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Program
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Specialty%20
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specialties
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Education%20Loan
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%20Repayment, U.S. %20Repayment, U.S.
%20Department%20 %20Department%20
of%20Veterans%20 of%20Veterans%20
Affairs%20( Affairs%20(
Centers for Disease
Centers for Disease
HHS, CDC &
HHS, CDC &
At least three years
At least three years
42 U.S.C. §247b-7
42 U.S.C. §247b-7
$50,000 per year
$50,000 per year
Currently unavailable to
Currently unavailable to
noneNone
Control
Control
and
ATSDR
ATSDR
of service as a CDC
of service as a CDC
CRS
CRS
(CDC)/Agency forPrevention
or ATSDR employee
or ATSDR employee
Toxic Substances(CDC)/Agency for
in hard-to-fil
in hard-to-fil
and Disease RegistryToxic Substances
position
position
sj
sk
and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Loan (ATSDR) Loan
Repayment Program Repayment Program
National Health
National Health
HHS, Health
HHS, Health
Health provider at aService as a health
42 U.S.C. §§ 254d-
42 U.S.C. §§ 254d-
For ful -time service,
For ful -time service,
$260 mil ion repaid in
$260 mil ion repaid in
https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/
https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/
Service Corps Loan
Service Corps Loan
Resources &
Resources &
health facility located provider at a health
254f, 254l-1, 254m, 254f, 254l-1, 254m,
$50,000 per two-
$50,000 per two-
FY202
FY202
3k3l
loan-repayment/nhsc-
loan-repayment/nhsc-
Repayment Program
Repayment Program
Services
Services
facility located in a in a health
254n, and 254o
254n, and 254o
year term; Substance
year term; Substance
loan-repayment-
loan-repayment-
Administration
Administration
health professional professional
Use Disorder (SUD)
Use Disorder (SUD)
program
program
(HRSA)
(HRSA)
shortage area that
shortage area that
providers may
providers may
provides care
provides care
receive up to
receive up to
regardless of
regardless of
$75,000 for three-
$75,000 for three-
patient’s ability to
patient’s ability to
year service term,
year service term,
pay
pay
and SUD providers
and SUD providers
in rural areas may in rural areas may
receive up to receive up to
$100,000 for three-$100,000 for three-
year service term year service term
National Health
National Health
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
During last yearThree years of of
42 U.S.C. §§254d-
42 U.S.C. §§254d-
Up to $120,000
Up to $120,000
$20 mil ion repaid in
$20 mil ion repaid in
https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/
https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/
Service Corps
Service Corps
medical, nursing orservice in ful -time
254f, 254l-1, 254m,
254f, 254l-1, 254m,
FY202
FY202
3k3l
loan-repayment/nhsc-
loan-repayment/nhsc-
Students to Service
Students to Service
dental school,clinical practice in a
254n, and 254o
254n, and 254o
students-to-service-
students-to-service-
Loan Repayment
Loan Repayment
individual musthealth professional
loan-repayment-
loan-repayment-
Program
Program
commit to threeshortage area
program
(HPSA),m to which
program
years of ful -time clinical practice in a health professional
CRS-10
CRS-10
link to page 17 link to page 17
link to page 17 link to page 17
link to page 17
Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
shortage area (HPSA)l individuals must commit during their last year of medical, nursing, or dental school
National Health
National Health
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
Health provider in aService as a health
42 U.S.C. §254q-1
42 U.S.C. §254q-1
$25,000 annually for
$25,000 annually for
$100 mil ion in current
$100 mil ion in current
https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/
https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/
Service Corps State
Service Corps State
provider in a HPSA HPSA
ful -time providers
ful -time providers
project period (2022-
project period (2022-
loan-repayment/state-
loan-repayment/state-
Loan Repayment
Loan Repayment
2025
2025
)kl
loan-repayment-
loan-repayment-
Program
Program
program
program
National Institutes of HHS, NIH
National Institutes of HHS, NIH
At least two years of 42 U.S.C. §288–1
At least two years of 42 U.S.C. §288–1
Up to $50,000
Up to $50,000
$4.6 mil ion repaid in
$4.6 mil ion repaid in
https://www.lrp.nih.go
https://www.lrp.nih.go
Health (NIH)
Health (NIH)
service as an NIH
service as an NIH
annually plus an
annually plus an
FY2022
FY2022
v/
v/
Intramural Loan
Intramural Loan
employee who
employee who
additional 39% of the
additional 39% of the
Repayment Program
Repayment Program
conducts research in
conducts research in
repayment amount
repayment amount
specified fields
specified fields
provided for federal
provided for federal
income taxes income taxes
National
National
Institute of
Institutes of HHS, NIH HHS, NIH
At least two years of 42 U.S.C
At least two years of 42 U.S.C
. §288-2 §288-2
Up to $50,000
Up to $50,000
$85.4 mil ion repaid in
$85.4 mil ion repaid in
https://www.lrp.nih.go
https://www.lrp.nih.go
Health Extramural
Health Extramural
service as a health
service as a health
annually plus an
annually plus an
FY2022
FY2022
v/
v/
Loan Repayment
Loan Repayment
professional who
professional who
additional 39% of the
additional 39% of the
Program
Program
conducts research in
conducts research in
repayment amount
repayment amount
specified fields and
specified fields and
provided for federal
provided for federal
who is employed by
who is employed by
income taxes
income taxes
a domestic,
a domestic,
nonprofit entity nonprofit entity
Loan Repayments
Loan Repayments
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
At least two years of 42 U.S.C. §293b
At least two years of 42 U.S.C. §293b
Up to $40,000 plus
Up to $40,000 plus
$2.3 mil ion appropriated
$2.3 mil ion appropriated
https://bhw.hrsa.gov/
https://bhw.hrsa.gov/
for Health
for Health
service as a health
service as a health
additional funds for
additional funds for
in FY2023
in FY2023
funding/apply-loan-
funding/apply-loan-
Professional School
Professional School
professional faculty
professional faculty
tax liability
tax liability
repayment/faculty-lrp
repayment/faculty-lrp
Faculty
Faculty
memb
memb
ermern
General, Pediatric,
General, Pediatric,
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
At least one year ofBetween one and
42 U.S.C. §293k-2
42 U.S.C. §293k-2
Awards made by aSpecified percentage
Currently unavailable to
Currently unavailable to
https://www.hrsa.gov/
https://www.hrsa.gov/
and Public Health
and Public Health
service and a
dental or dentalfive years of service
of loan balance
CRS
CRS
grants/find-funding/
grants/find-funding/
Dentistry Faculty
Dentistry Faculty
maximum of five
hygiene school
HRSA-23-091
Loan Repayment
years as a dental
must be in
school faculty
increments of up to
member
30% of the dental faculty member’s initial loan balanceas a dental school
repaid for each year
HRSA-23-091
Loan Repayment
faculty member
of service; up to 100% of loan balance repaid for five years of service
CRS-11
CRS-11
link to page 17 link to page 17
link to page 17 link to page 17
Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
Pediatric
Pediatric
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
Three years of
Three years of
42 U.S.C. §295f
42 U.S.C. §295f
Up to $100,000
Up to $100,000
$10 mil ion appropriated
$10 mil ion appropriated
https://bhw.hrsa.gov/
https://bhw.hrsa.gov/
Subspecialty Loan
Subspecialty Loan
service in a HPSA as
service in a HPSA as
in FY2023
in FY2023
sites/default/files/
sites/default/files/
Repayment Program
Repayment Program
a pediatric
a pediatric
bureau-health-
bureau-health-
subspeciality health
subspeciality health
workforce/funding/
workforce/funding/
provider or as a
provider or as a
pediatric-specialty-
pediatric-specialty-
pediatric
pediatric
lrp-application-
lrp-application-
subspecialist fellow
subspecialist fellow
guidance.pdf
guidance.pdf
in training
in training
Substance Use
Substance Use
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
Six years of service
Six years of service
42 U.S.C. §§295h
42 U.S.C. §§295h
Up to $250,000
Up to $250,000
$40 mil ion appropriated
$40 mil ion appropriated
https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/
https://nhsc.hrsa.gov/
Disorder Treatment
Disorder Treatment
as a SUD provider in
as a SUD provider in
in FY2023
in FY2023
loan-repayment/nhsc-
loan-repayment/nhsc-
and Recovery Loan
and Recovery Loan
a mental health
a mental health
sud-workforce-loan-
sud-workforce-loan-
Repayment Program
Repayment Program
HPSA
HPSA
repayment-program
repayment-program
Nursing Education
Nursing Education
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
At least two years of 42 U.S.C. §§297n
At least two years of 42 U.S.C. §§297n
Up to 85% of total
Up to 85% of total
$92.6 mil ion appropriated https://bhw.hrsa.gov/
$92.6 mil ion appropriated https://bhw.hrsa.gov/
Loan Repayment
Loan Repayment
service as a nurse at
service as a nurse at
and 297n-1
and 297n-1
nursing educational
nursing educational
in FY202
in FY202
3n3o
sites/default/files/
sites/default/files/
Program (Nurse
Program (Nurse
a critical shortage
a critical shortage
loan balance for
loan balance for
bureau-health-
bureau-health-
Corps)
Corps)
facility
facility
individuals with a
individuals with a
workforce/funding/
workforce/funding/
three-year service
three-year service
nursecorps-lrp-
nursecorps-lrp-
commitment and
commitment and
up
guidance.pdf
guidance.pdf
to 60% for individuals 60% for individuals
with a two-year with a two-year
service commitment service commitment
Nursing Faculty
Nursing Faculty
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
Service as a nurse
Service as a nurse
42 U.S.C. §§297n-1
42 U.S.C. §§297n-1
Specified percentage
Specified percentage
$28.5 mil ion appropriated https://www.hrsa.gov/
$28.5 mil ion appropriated https://www.hrsa.gov/
Loan Repayment
Loan Repayment
faculty member
faculty member
of loan balance
of loan balance
in FY2023
in FY2023
grants/find-funding/
grants/find-funding/
Program
Program
forgiven for each
forgiven for each
HRSA-23-006
HRSA-23-006
year of service; up to
year of service; up to
85% of loan balance 85% of loan balance
forgiven for four forgiven for four
years of service years of service
National and
National and
Corporation for
Corporation for
Completion ofService completion
42 U.S.C. §12604
42 U.S.C. §12604
Maximum
Maximum
amount ofPell Grant
$230 mil ion appropriated
$230 mil ion appropriated
https://americorps.go
https://americorps.go
Community Service
Community Service
National and
National and
service in
the Pell Grant for
in FY2023oin AmeriCorps State
amount for the year
in FY2023q
v/
v/
Grant Program,
Grant Program,
Community Service,
Community Service,
AmeriCorps State
the year theand National,
the recipient’s
members-
members-
Educational Award
Educational Award
the National Service
the National Service
and National,
recipient’s positionAmeriCorps
position was
volunteers/segal-
volunteers/segal-
(Segal Award)
(Segal Award)
Trust
Trust
AmeriCorps
was National Civilian
approved (e.g.,
CRS-12
link to page 17 link to page 17 approved (e.g.,
americorps-
National Civilian
education-award
CRS-12
Maximum
Administering
Service
Statutory
Amount Repaid
Most Recent Funding
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Requirement
Citation
or Forgiven
or Amount Awarded
Information
Community Corps,
Community Corps,
$7,395 for
$7,395 for
positions
or AmeriCorps
approved in FY2024)
VISTAful -time
americorps-
or AmeriCorps
positions approved
education-award
VISTA
in FY2024)p
Temporary
Temporary
ED
ED
10 years of ful -time
10 years of ful -time
P.L. 115-141; P.L.
P.L. 115-141; P.L.
Remaining loan
Remaining loan
$
$
10.31.6 mil ion forgiven in mil ion forgiven in
https://studentaid.gov/
https://studentaid.gov/
Expanded Public
Expanded Public
employment in
employment in
115-245; P.L. 116-
115-245; P.L. 116-
balance after 10
balance after 10
FY2022award year 2022-2023r
manage-loans/
manage-loans/
Service Loan
Service Loan
public service jobs
public service jobs
94; P.L. 116-260;
94; P.L. 116-260;
years of qualifying
years of qualifying
forgiveness-
forgiveness-
Forgiveness
Forgiveness
P.L. 117-103
P.L. 117-103
payments
payments
cancellation/public-
cancellation/public-
service/temporary- service/temporary-
expanded-public- expanded-public-
service-loan- service-loan-
forgiveness forgiveness
Source: CRS analysis of relevant statutes, regulations, and program materials. CRS analysis of relevant statutes, regulations, and program materials.
a. a.
Award year 2017-2018 ran from July 1, 2017, to June 30, 2018. b. Figure includes $13,387,606,000 in loans forgiven between October 2021 and October 2022Program benefits are available only for qualifying Direct Loan program and FFEL program Subsidized Loans and Unsubsidized Loans, as well as the portion of
Consolidation Loans used to repay such Subsidized Loans and Unsubsidized Loans.
b. Figure includes loan amounts forgiven under ED’s Limited PSLF Waiver. In October 2021, ED announced the under ED’s Limited PSLF Waiver. In October 2021, ED announced the
waiver, which was a series of limited-time waivers of waiver, which was a series of limited-time waivers of
numerous PSLF program rules numerous PSLF program rules
available to borrowersfor which borrowers could apply through October 31, 2022, and implemented in response through October 31, 2022, and implemented in response
to the COVID-19 pandemic. The waivers were intended to enable borrowers to receive credit for past periods of repayment that would not otherwise qualify for to the COVID-19 pandemic. The waivers were intended to enable borrowers to receive credit for past periods of repayment that would not otherwise qualify for
PSLF.PSLF.
c.
c. Award year 2020-2021 ran from July 1, 2020, through June 30, 2021. d. The Government Employee Loan Repayment Program is operated by individual agencies with differing service requirements and maximum awards. OPM publishes a The Government Employee Loan Repayment Program is operated by individual agencies with differing service requirements and maximum awards. OPM publishes a
report (most recently covering CY2020) that provides a general overview of participating agencies and amounts repaid for a given calendar year.
report (most recently covering CY2020) that provides a general overview of participating agencies and amounts repaid for a given calendar year.
de. Eligible borrowers must be commissioned officers on or before December 31, 2023. . Eligible borrowers must be commissioned officers on or before December 31, 2023.
e. f.
Includes amounts appropriated for the Indian Health Service Scholarship Program. Includes amounts appropriated for the Indian Health Service Scholarship Program.
f.
g. Program is administered as a partnership between BJA and state governors. Funds are awarded to states to operate loan repayment programs. Program is administered as a partnership between BJA and state governors. Funds are awarded to states to operate loan repayment programs.
gh. The STRONG Veterans Act of 2022 (Division V of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-328)) requires that beginning in FY2022, the Secretary of . The STRONG Veterans Act of 2022 (Division V of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-328)) requires that beginning in FY2022, the Secretary of
Veterans Affairs provide at least 200 program awards for the purposes of recruiting “mental health professionals to the Department of Veterans Affairs in disciplines
Veterans Affairs provide at least 200 program awards for the purposes of recruiting “mental health professionals to the Department of Veterans Affairs in disciplines
that include psychiatry, psychology, advanced practice nursing (with a focus on mental health or substance abuse disorder), and social work. that include psychiatry, psychology, advanced practice nursing (with a focus on mental health or substance abuse disorder), and social work.
h. i.
The Program for the Repayment of Educational Loans was established as a pilot program, and its authorization expired in FY2019. However, there are currently two The Program for the Repayment of Educational Loans was established as a pilot program, and its authorization expired in FY2019. However, there are currently two
program awardees who applied prior to the expiration of the program’s authorization and who are currently completing their service obligations. They wil continue program awardees who applied prior to the expiration of the program’s authorization and who are currently completing their service obligations. They wil continue
to receive program benefits for the remainder of their service obligation. to receive program benefits for the remainder of their service obligation.
ij. .
The Specialty Education Debt Reduction Program was first implemented in April 2021. The VA anticipates an increase in participation and costs as the program
The Specialty Education Debt Reduction Program was first implemented in April 2021. The VA anticipates an increase in participation and costs as the program
matures. For FY2024, the VA requested an appropriation of $12 mil ion for the program. matures. For FY2024, the VA requested an appropriation of $12 mil ion for the program.
j.
CRS-13
k. Recipients must also have educational loans that are more than 20% of their annual federal salary and must be accepted into one of the five CDC fellowship Recipients must also have educational loans that are more than 20% of their annual federal salary and must be accepted into one of the five CDC fellowship
programs: the Epidemic Intelligence Service, Laboratory Leadership Service, Prevention Effectiveness Fellowship, Public Health Informatics Fellowship, and the Future programs: the Epidemic Intelligence Service, Laboratory Leadership Service, Prevention Effectiveness Fellowship, Public Health Informatics Fellowship, and the Future
Leaders in Infections and Global Health Threats Fellowship. Leaders in Infections and Global Health Threats Fellowship.
CRS-13
k. These repayment benefitsl.
These repayment benefits made in FY2023 were made using funds appropriated from the American Rescue Plan (P.L. 117-2). For more information, see CRS Report R46834, were made using funds appropriated from the American Rescue Plan (P.L. 117-2). For more information, see CRS Report R46834,
American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (P.L. 117-2): Public Health, Medical Supply Chain, Health Services, and Related Provisions. .
l.
m. For more information on health professional shortage areas, see CRS Infographic IG10015, For more information on health professional shortage areas, see CRS Infographic IG10015,
Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSAs). .
mn. Qualifying borrowers must also be from an economically or environmentally disadvantaged background. . Qualifying borrowers must also be from an economically or environmentally disadvantaged background.
no. Includes amounts appropriated for the Nurse Corp Scholarship program and the Nurse Corps Loan Repayment program. . Includes amounts appropriated for the Nurse Corp Scholarship program and the Nurse Corps Loan Repayment program.
op. Individuals may earn up to the equivalent of two ful -time education awards after completing multiple terms of AmeriCorps service. q. Segal Education award funds may be used for student loan repayment or for qualified higher educational expenses at the discretion of the recipient. CNCS is . Segal Education award funds may be used for student loan repayment or for qualified higher educational expenses at the discretion of the recipient. CNCS is
authorized to transfer additional amounts from AmeriCorps State and National Grants programs funds to support activities of national service participants, including
authorized to transfer additional amounts from AmeriCorps State and National Grants programs funds to support activities of national service participants, including
education awards. Additionally, FEMA makes a contribution to support FEMA Corps (a component of AmeriCorps National Civilian Community Corps) education awards. Additionally, FEMA makes a contribution to support FEMA Corps (a component of AmeriCorps National Civilian Community Corps)
participants’ education awards. participants’ education awards.
r. Award year 2022-2023 ran from July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023.
CRS-14 CRS-14
link to page 21 link to page 21 link to page 21
link to page 21 link to page 21 link to page 21
Table 2. Service-Contingent Federal Student Loan Repayment Programs That Were Previously Active,
Never Active, or for Which Program Information Is Unavailable
Maximum
Most Recent
Administering
Statutory
Amount Repaid or
Funding or
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Service Requirement
Citation
Forgiven
Amount Awarded
Information
Previously Activea
Capitol Police
Capitol Police
Capitol Police
Capitol Police
Capitol Police employeeService as a Capitol
2 U.S.C. §1926
2 U.S.C. §1926
Up to $80,000 in
Up to $80,000 in
$637,000 repaid in
$637,000 repaid in
None
None
Student Loan
Student Loan
Police employee
total total
FY2010
FY2010
Repayment
Repayment
Education Loan
Education Loan
See below
See below
At least three years
At least three years
10 U.S.C. §16303
10 U.S.C. §16303
$20,000 per three
$20,000 per three
See below
See below
None
None
Repayment Program:
Repayment Program:
serving (or able to serve)
serving (or able to serve)
years
years
Chaplains Serving in
Chaplains Serving in
as a chaplain in the
as a chaplain in the
the Selected Reserve
the Selected Reserve
Selected Reserve
Selected Reserve
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
of the Army
of the Army
to CRS
to CRS
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
of the Navy
of the Navy
to CRS
to CRS
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Air National Guard:
Air National Guard:
None
None
of the Air Force
of the Air Force
$30,000 repaid in
$30,000 repaid in
FY201FY201
7b
Civil Legal Assistance
Civil Legal Assistance
ED
ED
At least three years of
At least three years of
20 U.S.C. §1078-
20 U.S.C. §1078-
$6,000 per year;
$6,000 per year;
$5 mil ion
$5 mil ion
None
None
Attorney Student
Attorney Student
service as a ful -time legal
service as a ful -time legal
12
12
$40,000 in total
$40,000 in total
appropriated in
appropriated in
Loan Repayment
Loan Repayment
assistance attorney
assistance attorney
FY2010
FY2010
Program
Program
Federal Food, Drug,
Federal Food, Drug,
HHS, Food and Drug
HHS, Food and Drug
At least three years of
At least three years of
21 U.S.C. §395
21 U.S.C. §395
$20,000 per year
$20,000 per year
$2.2 mil ion repaid in
$2.2 mil ion repaid in
None
None
and Cosmetic Act
and Cosmetic Act
Administration (FDA) service as a qualified
Administration (FDA) service as a qualified
FY2013
FY2013
Loan Repayment
Loan Repayment
health professional
health professional
Program
Program
conducting research
conducting research
while employed with the while employed with the
FDAc
CRS-15
CRS-15
link to page 21 link to page 21 link to page 21 link to page 21
link to page 21 link to page 21 link to page 21 link to page 21
Maximum
Most Recent
Administering
Statutory
Amount Repaid or
Funding or
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Service Requirement
Citation
Forgiven
Amount Awarded
Information
Never Active Programsd
Loan Forgiveness for
Loan Forgiveness for
ED
ED
At least one year of ful -
At least one year of ful -
20 U.S.C. §1078-
20 U.S.C. §1078-
$2,000 per year;
$2,000 per year;
n/a
n/a
None
None
Service in Areas of
Service in Areas of
time employment in a
time employment in a
11
11
$10,000 in total
$10,000 in total
National N
National N
eede
statutorily specified area
statutorily specified area
of national nof national n
eedf
Indian Health Service: HHS, IHS
Indian Health Service: HHS, IHS
Employment as an IHE
Employment as an IHE
25 U.S.C. §1621h
25 U.S.C. §1621h
Undetermined
Undetermined
n/a
n/a
None
None
Mental Health
Mental Health
employee who provides
employee who provides
Prevention and
Prevention and
mental health services
mental health services
Treatment Loan
Treatment Loan
Repayment Program Repayment Program
Loan Repayment
Loan Repayment
VA, VHA
VA, VHA
VHA employee from aService as a VHA
38 U.S.C. §7681,
38 U.S.C. §7681,
Up to $35,000 per
Up to $35,000 per
n/a
n/a
none
none
Program for Clinical
Program for Clinical
disadvantagedemployee from a
note
note
year
year
Researchers from
Researchers from
disadvantaged
Disadvantaged
background who background who
DisadvantagedBackgrounds
conducts clinical research
conducts clinical research
Backgrounds
Nursing Workforce Nursing Workforce
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
At least one year of
At least one year of
42 U.S.C.
42 U.S.C.
Specified percentage
Specified percentage
n/a
n/a
None
None
Development
Development
service as a ful -time
service as a ful -time
§297b(b)(3)
§297b(b)(3)
of loan balance
of loan balance
Student Loans: Loan
Student Loans: Loan
nurse in a public or
nurse in a public or
forgiven for each
forgiven for each
Cancellation
Cancellation
nonprofit agency,
nonprofit agency,
year of service; up to
year of service; up to
institution, or
institution, or
85% of loan balance
85% of loan balance
organization
organization
forgiven for five years
forgiven for five years
of service of service
Eligible Individual
Eligible Individual
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
At least four years of
At least four years of
42 U.S.C. §297o
42 U.S.C. §297o
$20,000 per year;
$20,000 per year;
n/a
n/a
None
None
Student Loan
Student Loan
service (during a six-year
service (during a six-year
$80,000 in total
$80,000 in total
Repayment
Repayment
period) as ful -time
period) as ful -time
nursing faculty nursing faculty
Program Information Unavailableg
Armed Forces
Armed Forces
See below
See below
At least 15 months of
At least 15 months of
10 U.S.C. §510
10 U.S.C. §510
Up to $18,000
Up to $18,000
See below
See below
None
None
National Call to
National Call to
active duty service (plus
active duty service (plus
Service Payment of
Service Payment of
additional active duty or
additional active duty or
Student Loans
Student Loans
reserve service) for
reserve service) for
members of the Armed members of the Armed
CRS-16
CRS-16
Maximum
Most Recent
Administering
Statutory
Amount Repaid or
Funding or
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Service Requirement
Citation
Forgiven
Amount Awarded
Information
Forces who enlist and
Forces who enlist and
serve in a designated serve in a designated
military occupational military occupational
specialty specialty
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
of the Army
of the Army
to CRS
to CRS
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
of the Navy
of the Navy
to CRS
to CRS
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
of the Air Force
of the Air Force
to CRS
to CRS
Armed Forces
Armed Forces
See below
See below
Member of the ArmedService as a member of
10 U.S.C. §2174
10 U.S.C. §2174
Interest and special
Interest and special
See below
See below
None
None
Student Loan Interest
Student Loan Interest
the Armed Forces who is Forces who is
on active
allowances that
allowances that
Payment Program:
Payment Program:
on active duty in their duty in their
first term of
accrue on qualifying
accrue on qualifying
Members on Active
Members on Active
first term of service. service.
federal student loans
federal student loans
Duty
Duty
for up to 36
for up to 36
consecutive months consecutive months
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
of the Army
of the Army
to CRS
to CRS
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
of the Navy
of the Navy
to CRS
to CRS
DOD, Department
DOD, Department
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
See above
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
of the Air Force
of the Air Force
to CRS
to CRS
Coast Guard
Coast Guard
Department of
Department of
At least one year as an
At least one year as an
14 U.S.C. §2772
14 U.S.C. §2772
The greater of 33⅓%
The greater of 33⅓%
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
Education Loan
Education Loan
Homeland Security
Homeland Security
enlisted member of the
enlisted member of the
of the borrower’s
of the borrower’s
to CRS
to CRS
Repayment Program
Repayment Program
Coast Guard on active
Coast Guard on active
outstanding loan or
outstanding loan or
duty in specified
duty in specified
$1,500 per year
$1,500 per year
occupations.
occupations.
National Indian
National Indian
Department of the
Department of the
Indians or Alaska NativesAt least one year of
25 U.S.C. §3114
25 U.S.C. §3114
$5,000 per year
$5,000 per year
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
Forest Resources
Forest Resources
Interior (DOI),
Interior (DOI),
who serve at least oneservice by Indians or
to CRS
to CRS
Management
Management
Bureau of Indian
Bureau of Indian
year as professional Alaska Natives as
Postgraduation
Postgraduation
Affairs (BIA)
Affairs (BIA)
professional foresters or foresters or
forester
Recruitment
Recruitment
forester technicians fortechnicians for
the BIA
CRS-17
CRS-17
Maximum
Most Recent
Administering
Statutory
Amount Repaid or
Funding or
Additional
Program Name
Agency
Service Requirement
Citation
Forgiven
Amount Awarded
Information
Assumption of
Assumption of
the BIA or a tribalor a tribal
forestry
Student Loans
Student Loans
forestry program. program.
American Indian
American Indian
DOI, BIA
DOI, BIA
Indians or Alaska Natives
At least one of service by 25 U.S.C. §3732 25 U.S.C. §3732
$5,000 per year
$5,000 per year
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
Agricultural Resource
Agricultural Resource
who serve at least oneIndians or Alaska Natives
to CRS
to CRS
Management
Management
year as professional as professional
natural
Postgraduation
Postgraduation
natural resources and resources and
agriculture
Recruitment
Recruitment
agriculture technicianstechnicians for the BIA
Assumption of
Assumption of
for the BIA or tribalor tribal agricultural
Student Loans
Student Loans
agricultural program program
Public Health
Public Health
HHS, HRSA
HHS, HRSA
At
At
least three years of three years of
42 U.S.C. §295f-1
42 U.S.C. §295f-1
$35,000 per year
$35,000 per year
Currently unavailable
Currently unavailable
None
None
Workforce Loan
Workforce Loan
employment as a ful -time
employment as a ful -time
to CRS
to CRS
Repayment Program
Repayment Program
public health professional
public health professional
Source: CRS analysis of relevant statutes, regulations, and program materials. CRS analysis of relevant statutes, regulations, and program materials.
a. Previously active programs are those that CRS can confirm operated at some point in time prior to October 1, 2020, and for which CRS can either verify that they a. Previously active programs are those that CRS can confirm operated at some point in time prior to October 1, 2020, and for which CRS can either verify that they
are no longer operational or for which CRS cannot verify that they are currently operational.
are no longer operational or for which CRS cannot verify that they are currently operational.
b. Amount repaid to individuals serving in the Air National Guard. As of FY2020, the benefit is no longer being offered.
b. Amount repaid to individuals serving in the Air National Guard. As of FY2020, the benefit is no longer being offered.
c. Recipients must also have educational loans that are more than 20% of their annual federal salary. c. Recipients must also have educational loans that are more than 20% of their annual federal salary.
d. A program is considered never to have been active if it has been authorized but has not yet received appropriations. d. A program is considered never to have been active if it has been authorized but has not yet received appropriations.
e. Despite the program’s name (Loan Forgiveness in Service in Areas of National Need), this is classified as a loan repayment program (and not a loan forgiveness e. Despite the program’s name (Loan Forgiveness in Service in Areas of National Need), this is classified as a loan repayment program (and not a loan forgiveness
program) because its benefits are contingent on discretionary appropriations.
program) because its benefits are contingent on discretionary appropriations.
f.
f.
Specified areas of national need include early childhood educator; nurse; foreign language specialist; librarian; highly qualified teacher; child welfare worker; speech-
Specified areas of national need include early childhood educator; nurse; foreign language specialist; librarian; highly qualified teacher; child welfare worker; speech-
language pathologist or audiologist; school counselor; public sector employee in public safety, emergency management, public health, or public interest legal services; language pathologist or audiologist; school counselor; public sector employee in public safety, emergency management, public health, or public interest legal services;
nutrition professional; medical specialist; mental health professional; dentist; employee in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields; nutrition professional; medical specialist; mental health professional; dentist; employee in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields;
physical therapist; superintendent, principal, or other (school) administrator; occupational therapist; and allied health professional. physical therapist; superintendent, principal, or other (school) administrator; occupational therapist; and allied health professional.
g. Programs for which information is unavailable are those that CRS cannot confirm their operational status because there is no available information on which to
g. Programs for which information is unavailable are those that CRS cannot confirm their operational status because there is no available information on which to
make such a determination.
make such a determination.
CRS-18
CRS-18
Service-Contingent Federal Student Loan Forgiveness and Repayment Programs
Author Information
Alexandra Hegji Alexandra Hegji
Sylvia L. Bryan
Sylvia L. Bryan
Analyst in Social Policy
Analyst in Social Policy
Research Assistant
Research Assistant
Elayne J. Heisler
Elayne J. Heisler
Specialist in Health Services
Specialist in Health Services
Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and
under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other
than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in
connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not
subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in
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Congressional Research Service
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R47837
R47837
· VERSION 1 · NEW4 · UPDATED
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