Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (THUD) Appropriations for FY2022

Changes from July 26, 2021 to February 28, 2022

This page shows textual changes in the document between the two versions indicated in the dates above. Textual matter removed in the later version is indicated with ~~red strikethrough~~ and textual matter added in the later version is indicated with blue.

Transportation, Housing and Urban
~~July 26, 2021~~February 28, 2022
Development, and Related Agencies
Maggie McCarty
(THUD) Appropriations for FY2022
Specialist in Housing Policy Specialist in Housing Policy

The respective House and Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related The respective House and Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related
David Randall Peterman
Agencies (THUD) Appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing annual Agencies (THUD) Appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing annual
Analyst in Transportation Analyst in Transportation
appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), the Department of Housing and appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), the Department of Housing and
Policy Policy
Urban Development (HUD), and certain related agencies. This report describes action on Urban Development (HUD), and certain related agencies. This report describes action on

FY2022 annual appropriations for THUD, including detailed tables for each major agency and a FY2022 annual appropriations for THUD, including detailed tables for each major agency and a
brief overview of selected issues. brief overview of selected issues.

The annual appropriations process typically begins with the release of the President’s budget request to Congress in early The annual appropriations process typically begins with the release of the President’s budget request to Congress in early
February. The timing of the THUD budget request for FY2022 was affected by a presidential transition, from the February. The timing of the THUD budget request for FY2022 was affected by a presidential transition, from the
Administration of President Donald J. Trump to the Administration of President Joseph R. Biden, occurring in late January Administration of President Donald J. Trump to the Administration of President Joseph R. Biden, occurring in late January
2021. As a result of this transition, the full FY2022 budget submission was delayed until May 28, 2021. (A summary of the 2021. As a result of this transition, the full FY2022 budget submission was delayed until May 28, 2021. (A summary of the
request for discretionary funding was submitted to Congress on April 9, 2021). The budget proposed increasing discretionary request for discretionary funding was submitted to Congress on April 9, 2021). The budget proposed increasing discretionary
funding for THUD agencies by 10% (+$7.5 billion) from FY2021 levels. The bulk of that increase in funding is directed to funding for THUD agencies by 10% (+$7.5 billion) from FY2021 levels. The bulk of that increase in funding is directed to
HUD (+$7.1 billion), primarily for increased funding for HUD rental assistance programs (+$6.1 billion). HUD (+$7.1 billion), primarily for increased funding for HUD rental assistance programs (+$6.1 billion).
InOn July July 20, 2021, the House Appropriations Committee reported 2021, the House Appropriations Committee reported ~~out~~ its version of a THUD appropriations bill (H.R. 4550; its version of a THUD appropriations bill (H.R. 4550;
H.Rept. 117-99). It included a larger increase in funding for THUD agencies (+11.5%; +$8.7 billion over FY2021) than the H.Rept. 117-99). It included a larger increase in funding for THUD agencies (+11.5%; +$8.7 billion over FY2021) than the
President’s budget. President’s budget. ~~The House Appropriations Committee bill~~It proposed a larger increase for DOT (+7.3% over FY2021) than proposed a larger increase for DOT (+7.3% over FY2021) than
the President had requested (+1.6%). the President had requested (+1.6%). ~~Rules Committee Print 117-12 combines THUD appropriations with several other~~
~~appropriations acts planned for House floor consideration in the legislative vehicle H.R. 4502.~~
~~Congressional Research Service~~

THUD Appropriations for FY2022

he respective House and Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and he respective House and Senate Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and
Related Agencies (THUD) Appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing Related Agencies (THUD) Appropriations subcommittees are charged with providing
T annual appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), the Department of T annual appropriations for the Department of Transportation (DOT), the Department of
Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and certain related agencies. This report describes Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and certain related agencies. This report describes
action on FY2022 annual appropriations for THUD, including detailed tables for each major action on FY2022 annual appropriations for THUD, including detailed tables for each major
agency and a brief overview of selected issues.agency and a brief overview of selected issues.
Current Status: Continuing Resolution Because final FY2022 appropriations were not enacted before the start of the fiscal year on October 1, government spending, including for those agencies typically funded under the THUD appropriations bil , has continued under a series of continuing resolutions (CRs). The first CR was signed into law on September 30, 2021 (Division A of H.R. 5305; P.L. 117-43). It provided continuing appropriations for all 12 annual appropriations acts (including THUD) through December 3, 2021. Division B of the act provided supplemental disaster funding, including $2.7 bil ion for DOT and $5 bil ion for HUD Community Development Block Grant-Disaster Recovery grants. A second CR was enacted on December 3, 2021, extending the provisions of the first CR through February 18, 2022 (Division A of H.R. 6119; P.L. 117-70). A third CR, which modifies and extends the previous CR through March 11, 2022, was signed into law on February 18, 2022 (P.L. 117-86). FY2022 Budget Process
Appropriations for DOT, HUD, and the related agencies typically funded in the THUD bill Appropriations for DOT, HUD, and the related agencies typically funded in the THUD bill
happen in the context of the broader annual congressional appropriations process. That process happen in the context of the broader annual congressional appropriations process. That process
generally begins with the submission of the President’s budget request, followed by adoption of generally begins with the submission of the President’s budget request, followed by adoption of
congressional spending limits (generally, in a budget resolution) that set the overall level of congressional spending limits (generally, in a budget resolution) that set the overall level of
spending for that fiscal year’s appropriations bills. spending for that fiscal year’s appropriations bills.
The President’s budget request for the upcoming fiscal year is due to be submitted to Congress by The President’s budget request for the upcoming fiscal year is due to be submitted to Congress by
the first Monday in February. However, the FY2022 budget submission occurred during a the first Monday in February. However, the FY2022 budget submission occurred during a
presidential transition year—from the presidency of Donald J. Trump to Joseph R. Biden on presidential transition year—from the presidency of Donald J. Trump to Joseph R. Biden on
January 20, 2021. Recent Presidents have not submitted detailed budget proposals until April or January 20, 2021. Recent Presidents have not submitted detailed budget proposals until April or
May of their first year in office, although each has advised Congress regarding the general May of their first year in office, although each has advised Congress regarding the general
contours of their economic and budgetary policies in special messages submitted to Congress contours of their economic and budgetary policies in special messages submitted to Congress
prior to that submission.1 This delay allows time to prepare a proposal that reflects the priorities prior to that submission.1 This delay allows time to prepare a proposal that reflects the priorities
of the new administration. On April 9, President Biden submitted to Congress an outline of his of the new administration. On April 9, President Biden submitted to Congress an outline of his
discretionary funding priorities for FY2022.2 This preliminary document provided early discretionary funding priorities for FY2022.2 This preliminary document provided early
highlights for numerous policy areas. The full budget request was submitted on May 28, almost highlights for numerous policy areas. The full budget request was submitted on May 28, almost
four months after its due date.3 As a result, the start of annual appropriations decision-making for four months after its due date.3 As a result, the start of annual appropriations decision-making for
FY2022 also was delayed to allow time for Congress to consider this request. FY2022 also was delayed to allow time for Congress to consider this request.
The framework for budget enforcement under the congressional budget process for the past The framework for budget enforcement under the congressional budget process for the past
decade has had both statutory and procedural elements. The statutory elements have included decade has had both statutory and procedural elements. The statutory elements have included
limits on discretionary spending established by the Budget Control Act of 2011, as amended limits on discretionary spending established by the Budget Control Act of 2011, as amended
(BCA; P.L. 112-25). However, those discretionary spending limits extended only through (BCA; P.L. 112-25). However, those discretionary spending limits extended only through
FY2021, meaning no statutory limits on discretionary spending are currently in place for FY2022. FY2021, meaning no statutory limits on discretionary spending are currently in place for FY2022.
1 CRS Insight IN11655, Budget Submission After a Presidential Transition: Contextualizing the Biden Administration’s FY2022 Request. 2 Office of Management and Budget (OMB), The President’s FY2022 Discretionary Request, April 9, 2021, at https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fy-2022-discretionary-request/. 3 See https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/. Congressional Research Service 1 link to page 5 link to page 6 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 The procedural elements of budget enforcement are primarily associated with the budget The procedural elements of budget enforcement are primarily associated with the budget
resolution. They limit both total discretionary spending available to the Appropriations resolution. They limit both total discretionary spending available to the Appropriations
committees (commonly referred to as “302(a) allocations”) and spending under the jurisdiction of committees (commonly referred to as “302(a) allocations”) and spending under the jurisdiction of
each appropriations subcommittee (“302(b) suballocations”). each appropriations subcommittee (“302(b) suballocations”).
~~While there has not been House or Senate action on an FY2022 budget resolution, on June 14, the~~
~~House adopted H.Res. 467 to provide a 302(a) allocation to the House Appropriations~~
~~Committee.4 On June 24, pursuant to this resolution, the House Budget Committee published in~~
~~the Congressional Record the House Appropriations Committee allocations. Subsequently, the~~
~~House Appropriations Committee reported its initial 302(b) suballocations for all 12 bills,~~

~~1 CRS Insight IN11655,~~ ~~Budget Submission After a Presidential Transition: Contextualizing the Biden Administration’s~~
~~FY2022 Request~~.
~~2 Office of Management and Budget (OMB), The President’s FY2022 Discretionary Request, April 9, 2021,~~
~~https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fy-2022-discretionary-request/.~~
~~3 See https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/.~~
~~4 For a discussion of budget enforcement through methods such as H.Res. 467, see CRS Report R44296,~~ ~~Deeming~~
~~Resolutions: Budget Enforcement in the Absence of a Budget Resolution~~.
~~Congressional Research Service~~

1

~~link to page 5 link to page 5~~ ~~THUD Appropriations for FY2022~~

~~including THUD, on July 1 (H.Rept. 117-78), followed by a revision on July 16 (H.Rept. 117-91).~~
~~(Revisions to suballocations throughout the appropriations process are a common practice to~~
~~reflect actual action on appropriations bills and changes in congressional priorities.)~~An FY2022 budget resolution has been agreed to by the House and the Senate. S.Con.Res. 14 was adopted by the Senate on August 11, 2021, and by the House (without amendment) on August 24. To provide for 302(a) allocations associated with S.Con.Res. 14, Section 4006 of the budget resolution provided the Chair of the Senate Budget Committee the authority to enter into the Congressional Record allocations consistent with the levels in the budget resolution. Those levels were filed in the Senate on September 23, 2021.4 Section 4006 provided similar authority to the Chair of the House Budget Committee, and those allocations were filed on October 27, 2021.5 In addition, S.Con.Res. 14 allowed adjustments to those allocations for emergency requirements, and other purposes. Earlier in 2021, the House provided for budget enforcement in the absence of a budget resolution prior to initial floor consideration of the FY2022 appropriations measures by adopting a deeming resolution, H.Res. 467, on June 14, 2021.6 This resolution provided for 302(a) allocations to the House Appropriations Committee at a specified level, provided limits on advance appropriations,7 and allowed adjustments to those allocations for emergency requirements and other purposes. Pursuant to this resolution, the Chair of the House Budget Committee, Representative Yarmuth, published in the Congressional Record the House Appropriations Committee allocations on June 24.8 The House Appropriations Committee reported initial 302(b) suballocations for all 12 subcommittees on July 1 (H.Rept. 117-78).9 Table 1
shows the suballocation to the THUD Subcommittee, compared to the comparable FY2021 shows the suballocation to the THUD Subcommittee, compared to the comparable FY2021
enacted and President’s enacted and President’s ~~Budget~~budget figures. figures.
Table 1. FY2022 THUD 302(b) Suballocations in Context
(dollars in billions) (dollars in billions)
FY2021
President’s FY2022
House ~~FY2022~~
Senate ~~FY2022~~
FY2022

Enacted
Request
FY2022 302(b)
FY2022 302(b)
Enacted
THUD
74.65 74.658a
82.913 82.913
84.062 84.062

Totals
Source: FY2021 enacted from CBO Status of Discretionary Appropriations, FY2021, February 1, 2021 FY2021 enacted from CBO Status of Discretionary Appropriations, FY2021, February 1, 2021
(https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2021-02/FY2021-House-2021-02-01.pdf); President’s FY2022 request (https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2021-02/FY2021-House-2021-02-01.pdf); President’s FY2022 request
taken from Comparative Statement of Budget Authority, p. 306 of H.Rept. 117-99; House FY2022 302(b) from taken from Comparative Statement of Budget Authority, p. 306 of H.Rept. 117-99; House FY2022 302(b) from
H.Rept. 117-91. H.Rept. 117-91.
4 “Publication of Budgetary Material,” Congressional Record, daily edition, Vol. 167, No. 165 (September 23, 2021), pp. S6667-S6668. 5 Publication of Budgetary Material,” Congressional Record, daily edition, Vol. 167, No. 189 (October 27, 2021), pp. H5956-H5957. 6 For a discussion of budget enforcement through methods such as H.Res. 467, see CRS Report R44296, Deeming Resolutions: Budget Enforcement in the Absence of a Budget Resolution. 7 Advance appropriations become available for obligation one or more fiscal years after the budget year covered by the appropriations act. The FY2022 LHHS appropriations bill generally would contain advance appropriations for FY2023 and FY2024 for certain programs and activities. For further information, see CRS Report R43482, Advance Appropriations, Forward Funding, and Advance Funding: Concepts, Practice, and Budget Process Considerations. 8 “Publication of Budgetary Material,” Congressional Record, daily edition, Vol. 167, No. 110 (June 24, 2021), p. H3130. 9 Suballocations are commonly adjusted through the appropriations cycle to account for changing priorities. For FY2022, the House Appropriations Committee reported revised suballocations on July 16 (H.Rept. 117-91). Congressional Research Service 2 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 a. An additional $718 mil ion provided for THUD by P.L. 116-260 was deemed an emergency requirement, a. An additional $718 mil ion provided for THUD by P.L. 116-260 was deemed an emergency requirement,
and is thus excluded for purposes of calculating the total subject to discretionary spending limits under the and is thus excluded for purposes of calculating the total subject to discretionary spending limits under the
BCA, as amended, and is not shown in this table. BCA, as amended, and is not shown in this table.
FY2022 THUD Appropriations Process
Two factors make the FY2022 THUD appropriations process different than Two factors make the FY2022 THUD appropriations process different than in most years. One is the most years. One is the
ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The FY2021 Consolidated ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The FY2021 Consolidated
Appropriations Act provided supplemental coronavirus relief funding, including $27 billion for Appropriations Act provided supplemental coronavirus relief funding, including $27 billion for
DOT in FY2021. Additionally, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117-2) DOT in FY2021. Additionally, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA; P.L. 117-2)
appropriated $54 billion in mandatory COVID-19 relief and response via programs and activities appropriated $54 billion in mandatory COVID-19 relief and response via programs and activities
typically funded in the THUD appropriations bill. These funds typically funded in the THUD appropriations bill. These funds ~~did affect~~affected total spending on total spending on
activities normally funded by the THUD appropriations bill, but were provided outside of the activities normally funded by the THUD appropriations bill, but were provided outside of the
annual appropriations process, and thus are outside the scope of this report. (For more annual appropriations process, and thus are outside the scope of this report. (For more
information on ARPA funding, see Appendix A-1 of CRS Report R46465, information on ARPA funding, see Appendix A-1 of CRS Report R46465, Transportation,
Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (THUD) Appropriations for FY2021.) .)
Second, the Biden Administration Second, the Biden Administration ~~has~~ announced a proposed infrastructure investment package—announced a proposed infrastructure investment package—
referred to as the American Jobs Plan—that would provide significant additional funding for referred to as the American Jobs Plan—that would provide significant additional funding for
housing and transportation programs and activities. housing and transportation programs and activities. ~~Legislation to implement this plan is being~~
~~negotiated, and it is possible that the housing funding might be provided outside of the annual~~
~~appropriations process. For this reason, the plan is~~Portions of that package, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58), was enacted on November 15, 2021; Division J of the act provided supplemental emergency appropriations for FY2022 for a number of agencies, including (in Title VIII) $36.8 billion for DOT. Other provisions from the American Jobs Plan were included in the Build Back Better Act, which proposes nearly $150 billion in additional mandatory funding for various HUD-administered housing programs and activities. The Build Back Better Act passed the House (H.R. 5376), but has not been considered by the Senate. These additional mandatory funds are outside of the regular annual appropriations process, and are thus not discussed in this report. (For more not discussed in this report. (For more
information about the American Jobs Plan, see https://www.whitehouse.gov/american-jobs-plan/.) information about the American Jobs Plan, see https://www.whitehouse.gov/american-jobs-plan/.)
President’s Budget
The President’s FY2022 budget proposed an increase of 10% (+$7.5 billion) in discretionary The President’s FY2022 budget proposed an increase of 10% (+$7.5 billion) in discretionary
funding for THUD agencies relative to FY2021, with HUD proposed to receive the vast majority funding for THUD agencies relative to FY2021, with HUD proposed to receive the vast majority
of that increased funding (+$7.1 billion). (For more information about the President’s budget of that increased funding (+$7.1 billion). (For more information about the President’s budget
request for HUD, see CRS Report R46849, request for HUD, see CRS Report R46849, Department of Housing and Urban Development
(HUD): FY2022 Budget Request Fact Sheet.) .)
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~~link to page 6 link to page 7 link to page 7 link to page 7~~ ~~THUD Appropriations for FY2022~~

House Action
The House Committee on Appropriations ordered reported its FY2022 THUD appropriations bill The House Committee on Appropriations ordered reported its FY2022 THUD appropriations bill
on July 16, following subcommittee markup on July 12. The bill was reported as H.R. 4550, on July 16, following subcommittee markup on July 12. The bill was reported as H.R. 4550,
accompanied by H.Rept. 117-99, on July 20. It included a larger increase in funding for THUD accompanied by H.Rept. 117-99, on July 20. It included a larger increase in funding for THUD
agencies than requested by the President (+$8.6 billion, +11.5% relative to FY2021). agencies than requested by the President (+$8.6 billion, +11.5% relative to FY2021).
~~THUD appropriations are planned to be considered~~The text of H.R. 4550, as reported, was included in an amended version of H.R. 4502 that in an amended version of H.R. 4502 that
~~combines~~combined several other appropriations acts for House floor consideration (THUD is Division several other appropriations acts for House floor consideration (THUD is Division ~~G).5~~

Congressional Research Service 3 link to page 8 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 G).10 A number of THUD-related amendments were approved before the bill was passed by the House on July 29. Senate Action The FY2022 THUD bill has not received subcommittee, full committee, or initial floor action in the Senate. Senator Leahy, Chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, released a majority draft of each of the outstanding appropriations bills, including the THUD bill, and accompanying draft report language on October 18, 2021. According to the Chair, the purpose of this release was to further negotiations toward final enactment of FY2022 full-year appropriations.11 On October 21, Senator Schatz, Chair of the Senate Appropriations THUD Subcommittee, introduced an FY2022 THUD bill (S. 3045).This bill, which appears identical to the Chair’s draft, was referred to the Senate Appropriations Committee. Because these draft figures released by the Chair may be used for purposes of negotiations on FY2022 full-year appropriations, they are provided in this report, although they are labeled “draft.” Return of Earmarks
In the 112th Congress (2011-2012), the House and Senate began observing what has been referred to as an In the 112th Congress (2011-2012), the House and Senate began observing what has been referred to as an
“earmark moratorium" or "earmark ban,” which was articulated in party rules and committee protocols. This ban “earmark moratorium" or "earmark ban,” which was articulated in party rules and committee protocols. This ban
limited the ability of directing spending, tax, or tariff benefits to specific entities outside of statutory or limited the ability of directing spending, tax, or tariff benefits to specific entities outside of statutory or
administrative formulas or competitive award processes. Prior to the instatement of the earmark ban, accounts in administrative formulas or competitive award processes. Prior to the instatement of the earmark ban, accounts in
both DOT’s and HUD’s budget were frequent sources of congressionally directed spending, or earmarks. The both DOT’s and HUD’s budget were frequent sources of congressionally directed spending, or earmarks. The
earmark ban was effectively lifted in the 117th Congress, although earmark disclosure requirements adopted by earmark ban was effectively lifted in the 117th Congress, although earmark disclosure requirements adopted by
both the House and the Senate during the 110th Congress remain in effect. both the House and the Senate during the 110th Congress remain in effect.
For a list of disclosed earmarks contained in the FY2022 House Appropriations Committee-reported THUD bil —For a list of disclosed earmarks contained in the FY2022 House Appropriations Committee-reported THUD bil —
referred to as congressionally-requested projects—see “Incorporation of Community Project Funding” table, referred to as congressionally-requested projects—see “Incorporation of Community Project Funding” table,
beginning on p. 167 of H.Rept. 117-99.beginning on p. 167 of H.Rept. 117-99.
A similar list is also available in the Senate Appropriations Committee Chair’s draft report on p. 196 (available at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/THUDREPT_FINAL4.pdf). For more information about earmark disclosure rules, see CRS Report RS22866, For more information about earmark disclosure rules, see CRS Report RS22866, Earmark Disclosure Rules in the
House: Member and Committee Requirements. .

Table 2 tracks FY2022 THUD funding at the bill title level. tracks FY2022 THUD funding at the bill title level.
10 House Committee On Rules, “Amendment Process Announcement for LHHS, Agriculture, Energy and Water, FSGG, Interior, Environment, MilCon/VA, and THUD Appropriations Act, 2022,” press release, July 17, 2021, at https://rules.house.gov/news/announcement/amendment-process-announcement-lhhs-agriculture-energy-and-water-fsgg-interior. 11 The text of the Senate majority draft THUD bill and accompanying committee report is linked to the press release, “Chairman Leahy Releases Remaining Nine Senate Appropriations Bills,” October 18, 2021, at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/news/majority/chairman-leahy-releases-remaining-nine-senate-appropriations-bills. See also “Shelby: Democrats’ Partisan Bills Threaten FY22 Appropriations Process,” October 18, 2021, https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/news/shelby-democrats-partisan-bills-threaten-fy22-appropriations-process. Congressional Research Service 4 link to page 8 link to page 8 link to page 8 link to page 8 link to page 8 link to page 8 link to page 9 link to page 9 link to page 9 link to page 9 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 Table 2. THUD Appropriations by Bill Title, FY2021-FY2022 (dollars in millions) FY2022 Senate Cmte. FY2022 FY2022 Chair FY2022 ~~Table 2. THUD Appropriations by Bill Title, FY2021-FY2022~~
~~(dollars in millions)~~
~~FY2022~~
~~FY2022~~
~~House~~
~~FY2022~~
~~FY2022~~

FY2021 Enacted
Request
~~Committee~~
~~Senate~~
House Draft Enacted
Title I: DOT Title I: DOT
86,709 86,709
87,047 87,047
105,740 105,740

90,453
Discretionary
25,317
25,728
27,175
29,127

Mandatory
61,392
61,320
78,565
61,326

Title II: HUD Title II: HUD
49,64 49,648b
56,785 56,785
56,471 56,471

53,419
Title III: Other Independent Title III: Other Independent
Agencies Agencies
388 388
400 400
416 416

400
Title IV: General Provisions Title IV: General Provisions
23c
— —
—

-5d —e Total Discretionary
75,376 75,376
82,913 82,913
84,062 84,062

82,946
Total Discretionary (excluding
emergency designated
74,658df
82,913
84,062
82,946 funding) Total Mandatory 61,392 61,320 78,565 61,326 Total 136,768 144,232 162,627 144,272 Emergency Appropriations (discretionary) 27,718g — — — 7,700h Emergency Appropriations 43,170i (mandatory) — — — 36,836j Source: FY2021 enacted, FY2022 President’s Request and FY2022 House figures are taken from

~~funding)~~

~~5 House Committee On Rules, “Amendment Process Announcement for LHHS, Agriculture, Energy and Water, FSGG,~~
~~Interior, Environment, MilCon/VA, and THUD Appropriations Act, 2022,” press release, July 17, 2021,~~
~~https://rules.house.gov/news/announcement/amendment-process-announcement-lhhs-agriculture-energy-and-water-~~
~~fsgg-interior.~~
~~Congressional Research Service~~

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~~link to page 7~~ ~~THUD Appropriations for FY2022~~

~~FY2022~~
~~FY2022~~
~~House~~
~~FY2022~~
~~FY2022~~

~~FY2021 Enacted~~
~~Request~~
~~Committee~~
~~Senate~~
~~Enacted~~
~~Total Mandatory~~
~~61,392~~
~~61,320~~
~~78,565~~

~~Total~~
~~136,768~~
~~144,232~~
~~162,627~~

~~Emergency Appropriations~~
27,718e
~~(discretionary)~~
—
—

~~Source:~~ Comparative Statement of Budget AuthorityComparative Statement of Budget Authority table, beginning on p. 288 of H.Rept. 117-99; Senate majority draft figures taken from Comparative Statement of Budget Authority table, beginning on p. 225 of the Senate Appropriations Committee Chair’s draft report, available at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/THUDREPT_FINAL4.pdf~~, beginning on p. 288 of H.Rept. 117-99~~. .
Notes: Totals may not add or exactly match source materials due to rounding. The totals include both Totals may not add or exactly match source materials due to rounding. The totals include both
discretionary budget authority and contract authority (a type of mandatory budget authority provided to DOT discretionary budget authority and contract authority (a type of mandatory budget authority provided to DOT
that is not included in the bil ’s discretionary budget authority figure). that is not included in the bil ’s discretionary budget authority figure).
b. Of this amount, $695 mil ion for the tenant-based rental assistance account was designated as being for an b. Of this amount, $695 mil ion for the tenant-based rental assistance account was designated as being for an
emergency requirement by Section 420 of Division L. emergency requirement by Section 420 of Division L.
c. This additional amount for Essential Air Services under DOT was provided in Section 421 of Division L, c. This additional amount for Essential Air Services under DOT was provided in Section 421 of Division L,
instead of Title I, and was designated as being for an emergency requirement. instead of Title I, and was designated as being for an emergency requirement.
d. d. This rescission from “the unobligated balances from amounts made available under the heading ``Maritime Administration—Maritime Security Program’’ in any prior Act ...” was added as part of H.Amdt. 79 to H.R. 4502. e. While Title IV of the Senate Appropriations Committee Chair’s draft bil does not include any appropriations of funding, Section 419 does contain a reauthorization of the HUD housing programs authorized under the Native American Housing and Self-Determination Act (NAHASDA) through FY2023. The draft also contains a Title V, which is text of the Reforming Disaster Recovery Act, to authorize the use of Community Development Block Grants for disaster recovery. f. As noted in Table Notes a and b, $718 mil ion of the total provided for THUD was deemed an emergency As noted in Table Notes a and b, $718 mil ion of the total provided for THUD was deemed an emergency
requirement and was thus excluded from the total for purposes of calculating the total subject to requirement and was thus excluded from the total for purposes of calculating the total subject to
discretionary spending limits under the BCA, as amended. discretionary spending limits under the BCA, as amended.
eCongressional Research Service 5 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 g. Of this amount, $27 bil ion is for coronavirus-related supplemental emergency funding for DOT, as . Of this amount, $27 bil ion is for coronavirus-related supplemental emergency funding for DOT, as
provided in Division M of P.L. 116-260. The remaining $718 mil ion is designated “emergency” for budget provided in Division M of P.L. 116-260. The remaining $718 mil ion is designated “emergency” for budget
enforcement purposes, as described in Table Notes a-c, but is not related to COVID-19.enforcement purposes, as described in Table Notes a-c, but is not related to COVID-19. h. Reflects FY2022 disaster relief supplemental funds provided to DOT and HUD by Division B, Title VII of the Extending Funding and Delivery Emergency Assistance Act, 2021 (P.L. 117-43). i. Provided in Title VII of ARPA (P.L. 117-2) to “prevent, prepare for, and respond to coronavirus.” This legislation was enacted through the budget reconciliation process; as a result, funding provided in this act is classified as mandatory spending, and does not appear in accounts showing discretionary appropriations. j. FY2022 supplemental funds provided to DOT by Division J, Title VIII of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58), which was passed via budget reconciliation, and thus the appropriations are categorized as emergency mandatory funding.
Department of Transportation
The majority of DOT’s annual funding is established by two periodic authorization acts, one for The majority of DOT’s annual funding is established by two periodic authorization acts, one for
surface transportation programs and one for aviation programs. Most of the funding for the surface transportation programs and one for aviation programs. Most of the funding for the
programs in those acts is drawn from the DOT Highway Trust Fund and the Aviation and Airways programs in those acts is drawn from the DOT Highway Trust Fund and the Aviation and Airways
Trust Fund, respectively. Highway Trust Fund revenues come largely from fuel taxes and Trust Fund, respectively. Highway Trust Fund revenues come largely from fuel taxes and
increasingly from transfers from the general fund of the Treasury. Aviation and Airways Trust increasingly from transfers from the general fund of the Treasury. Aviation and Airways Trust
Fund revenues come largely from taxes on passenger tickets and aviation fuel and some general Fund revenues come largely from taxes on passenger tickets and aviation fuel and some general
fund money. fund money.
The appearance of COVID-19 in the United States in the spring of 2020 disrupted the finances of The appearance of COVID-19 in the United States in the spring of 2020 disrupted the finances of
airlines and transit agencies. Airline and transit patronage dropped to a fraction of its usual level, airlines and transit agencies. Airline and transit patronage dropped to a fraction of its usual level,
as did passenger fare revenues. This was due not only to the impact of the pandemic on the as did passenger fare revenues. This was due not only to the impact of the pandemic on the
economy, but also to public concern about the risk of transmission of the virus in the confined economy, but also to public concern about the risk of transmission of the virus in the confined
spaces of airplanes and transit vehicles. As of summer 2021, airline travel has rebounded to a spaces of airplanes and transit vehicles. As of summer 2021, airline travel has rebounded to a
considerable degree, but transit usage is still significantly below the pre-pandemic level. considerable degree, but transit usage is still significantly below the pre-pandemic level.
Administration Budget Request
The Administration’s FY2022 budget requested nearly the same amount of funding (less than 1% The Administration’s FY2022 budget requested nearly the same amount of funding (less than 1%
increase) for DOT as it received through the FY2021 appropriations process. Within that nearly increase) for DOT as it received through the FY2021 appropriations process. Within that nearly
level funding, the notable variations in funding requested compared to FY2021 appropriations level funding, the notable variations in funding requested compared to FY2021 appropriations
include include
 Federal Highway Administration: a 4% (+$2 billion) decrease in discretionary  Federal Highway Administration: a 4% (+$2 billion) decrease in discretionary
funding; funding;
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 Federal Railroad Administration: a 72% (+$418 million) increase in funding for  Federal Railroad Administration: a 72% (+$418 million) increase in funding for
rail grants programs, including a new Passenger Rail Improvement, rail grants programs, including a new Passenger Rail Improvement,
Modernization, and Expansion (PRIME) program; Modernization, and Expansion (PRIME) program;
 Amtrak: a 35% (+$700 million) increase in funding for grants to Amtrak; and  Amtrak: a 35% (+$700 million) increase in funding for grants to Amtrak; and
 Federal Transit Administration: a 23% (+$460 million) increase in funding for  Federal Transit Administration: a 23% (+$460 million) increase in funding for
capital investment grants (including New Starts and Small Starts projects). capital investment grants (including New Starts and Small Starts projects).
H.R. 4550
The House Appropriations Committee recommended $105.7 billion for DOT, a 22% (+$19 The House Appropriations Committee recommended $105.7 billion for DOT, a 22% (+$19
billion) increase over the FY2021 enacted amount of $86.709 billion (which was virtually the billion) increase over the FY2021 enacted amount of $86.709 billion (which was virtually the
same as the FY2020 enacted amount). Every agency within the department would receive an same as the FY2020 enacted amount). Every agency within the department would receive an
increase compared to FY2021. The largest percentage increases would be for the Federal Railroad increase compared to FY2021. The largest percentage increases would be for the Federal Railroad
Congressional Research Service 6 link to page 10 link to page 13 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 Administration (+46%, or +$1.3 billion), the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Administration (+46%, or +$1.3 billion), the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
(+30%, or +$300 million), the Office of the Secretary (+28%, or +$404 million), and the Federal (+30%, or +$300 million), the Office of the Secretary (+28%, or +$404 million), and the Federal
Highway Administration (+27%, or +$13.4 billion). Details of the recommended funding can be Highway Administration (+27%, or +$13.4 billion). Details of the recommended funding can be
found ifound in Table 3.
Table 3. Department of Transportation, FY2021-FY2022 Detailed Budget Table
(dollars in millions) (dollars in millions)
FY2022 Senate Cmte
Department of Transportation
FY2021
FY2022
~~House~~
~~FY2022~~FY2022 Chair
FY2022
Selected Accounts
Enacted Request
~~Committee~~
~~Senate~~
House Draft Enacted
Office of the Secretary (OST)
National infrastructure investment National infrastructure investment
1,000 1,000
1,000 1,000
1,200 1,200

1,090
(BUILD/TIGER) (BUILD/TIGER)
Thriving Communities Thriving Communities
— —
110 110
100 100

—
Cyber Security Initiatives Cyber Security Initiatives
22 22
39 39
39 39

39
Payments to air carriers (Essential Air Payments to air carriers (Essential Air
142 142
248 248
248 248

318
Servi Service)a
Transportation Demonstration Program Transportation Demonstration Program
100 100
— —
— —

—
Electric Vehicle Fleet Electric Vehicle Fleet
— —
11 11
11 11

11 Building Resilient Infrastructure Through — — — 300 Innovative Solutions Safe and Accessible Roadways for All — — — 50 RRIF Cohort 3 Modifications Cost — — — 10
All other accounts All other accounts
183 183
190 190
206 206

245
Total, OST Total, OST
1,443 1,443
1,634 1,634
1,847 1,847

2,063
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
Operations Operations
11,002 11,002
11,434 11,434
11,434 11,434

11,434
Facilities & equipment Facilities & equipment
3,015 3,015
3,410 3,410
3,416 3,416

3,200
Research, engineering, & development Research, engineering, & development
198 198
259 259
261 261

259
Grants-in-aid for airports (Airport Grants-in-aid for airports (Airport
3,350 3,350
3,350 3,350
3,350 3,350

3,350
Improvement Program) (limitation on Improvement Program) (limitation on
obligations) obligations)
Airport Discretionary Grants Airport Discretionary Grants
400 400
— —
400 400

603
Total, FAA Total, FAA
17,965 17,965
18,453 18,453
18,861 18,861

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~~FY2022~~
~~Department of Transportation~~
~~FY2021~~
~~FY2022~~
~~House~~
~~FY2022~~
~~FY2022~~
~~Selected Accounts~~
~~Enacted Request~~
~~Committee~~
~~Senate~~
~~Enacted~~
18,846 Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
Federal-Aid Highways (limitation on Federal-Aid Highways (limitation on
47,104 47,104
47,104 47,104
61,882 61,882

47,104
obligations + exempt contract authority) obligations + exempt contract authority)
Federal-Aid Highways: discretionary funding Federal-Aid Highways: discretionary funding
2,000 2,000
— —
592 592

2,840
Total, FHWA Total, FHWA
49,104 49,104
47,104 47,104
62,474 62,474

49,944 Congressional Research Service 7 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 FY2022 Senate Cmte Department of Transportation FY2021 FY2022 FY2022 Chair FY2022 Selected Accounts Enacted Request House Draft Enacted Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA)
Motor carrier safety operations and Motor carrier safety operations and
328 328
288 288
380 380

288
programs programs
Motor carrier safety grants to states Motor carrier safety grants to states
390 390
388 388
506 506

394
Total, FMCSA Total, FMCSA
748 748
676 676
886 886

682
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
Operations and research Operations and research
349 349
401 401
426 426

376
Highway traffic safety grants to states Highway traffic safety grants to states
623 623
623 623
855 855

623
(limitation on obligations) (limitation on obligations)
Impaired driving/highway-rail grade crossing Impaired driving/highway-rail grade crossing
17 17
— —
7 7

—
safety safety
Total, NHTSA Total, NHTSA
989 989
1,024 1,024
1,289 1,289

999
Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)
Safety and Operations Safety and Operations
235 235
248 248
248 248

243
Railroad Research and Development Railroad Research and Development
41 41
59 59
54 54

41
Passenger Rail Improvement, Passenger Rail Improvement,
— —
625 625
625 625

—
Modernization, and Expansion Modernization, and Expansion
Federal-state Partnership for State of Federal-state Partnership for State of
200 200
— —
— —

220
Good Repair Good Repair
Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and
375 375
375 375
500 500

523
Safety Improvements Safety Improvements
Magnetic Levitation Program Magnetic Levitation Program
2 2
— —
5 5

—
Restoration and Enhancement grants Restoration and Enhancement grants
5 5
— —
— —

2
Amtrak Amtrak

Northeast Corridor grants Northeast Corridor grants
700 700
1,300 1,300
1,200 1,200

969
National Network National Network
1,300 1,300
1,400 1,400
1,500 1,500

1,731
Subtotal, Amtrak grants Subtotal, Amtrak grants
2,000 2,000
2,700 2,700
2,700 2,700

2,700
Rescission
——
— —
-15

-15
Total, FRA Total, FRA
2,821 2,821
4,007 4,007
4,116 4,116

3,714
Federal Transit Administration (FTA)
Administrative Expenses Administrative Expenses
121 121
132 132
133 133

132
Formula Grants (M) Formula Grants (M)
10,150 10,150
10,150 10,150
12,150 12,150

10,150
Transit Infrastructure Grants Transit Infrastructure Grants
516 516
550 550
580 580

757 Transit Research — 30 — 18 Technical Assistance and Training 8 8 8 8 Capital Investment Grants (New Starts) 2,014 2,473 2,473 2,248
Congressional Research Service Congressional Research Service

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link to page link to page 1113 link to page link to page 1113 link to page 13 THUD Appropriations for FY2022

FY2022 Senate Cmte
Department of Transportation
FY2021
FY2022
~~House~~
~~FY2022~~FY2022 Chair
FY2022
Selected Accounts
Enacted Request
~~Committee~~
~~Senate~~
~~Enacted~~
~~Transit Research~~
—
30
—

~~Technical Assistance and Training~~
8
8
8

~~Capital Investment Grants (New Starts)~~
~~2,014~~
~~2,473~~
~~2,473~~

House Draft Enacted Grants to Washington Metropolitan Area Grants to Washington Metropolitan Area
150 150
150 150
150 150

150
Transit Authority Transit Authority
Rescission
~~1,958~~-2
—
~~6,734~~

-7 -7
Total, FTA Total, FTA
12,957 12,957
13,492 13,492
15,487 15,487

13,456
Saint Lawrence Seaway Development
38 38
38 38
40 40

38
Corporation
Maritime Administration (MARAD)
Maritime Security Program Maritime Security Program
314 314
318 318
318 318

318
Cable Security Fleet Cable Security Fleet
10 10
— —
10 10

10
Tanker Security Fleet Tanker Security Fleet
— —
60 60
60 60

60
Operations and Training Operations and Training
156 156
172 172
171 171

172
State Maritime Academy Operations State Maritime Academy Operations
433 433
358 358
363 363

433
Assistance to Small Shipyards Assistance to Small Shipyards
20 20
20 20
20 20

20
Ship Disposal Ship Disposal
4 4
10 10
8 8

10
Maritime Guaranteed Loan Program Maritime Guaranteed Loan Program
3 3
3 3
3 3

3
Port Infrastructure Development Program Port Infrastructure Development Program
230 230
230 230
300 300

240
Total, MARAD Total, MARAD
1,170 1,170
1,130 1,130
1,253 1,253

1,225
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA)
Subtotal Subtotal
260 260
282 282
278 278

279
Emergency preparedness grants (M) Emergency preparedness grants (M)
28 28
— —
28 28

28
Offsetting user fees
-145
-155
-155
-155

Total, PHMSA Total, PHMSA
288 288
282 282
306 306

307
Office of Inspector General
98 98
103 103
103 103

103
DOT Totals
Appropriation (discretionary funding) Appropriation (discretionary funding)
25,696 25,696
25,770 25,770
27,196 27,196

29,191
Limitations on obligations (M) Limitations on obligations (M)
61,392 61,392
61,320 61,320
78,565 78,565

61,326
Subtotal—new funding
~~86,156~~87,088
87,089
105,762
90,517

Rescissions
-379
-42
-22

-64
Net new discretionary funding
25,317
25,728
27,175
29,127

Net new budget authority
86,709
87,047
105,740
90,453

Supplemental emergency funding Supplemental emergency funding
27,00 27,000b
— —
— —
— 36,836c

Additional appropriations (mandatory) Additional appropriations (mandatory)
43,17 43,170c0d
— —
— —
—

Net new budget authority
156,879
87,047
105,740
90,453

(incl. emergency)
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THUD Appropriations for FY2022

~~Source~~Sources: Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority, pp. 264-273 in H.Rept. 117-99 accompanying H.R. Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority, pp. 264-273 in H.Rept. 117-99 accompanying H.R.
4550; Division G of 4550; Division G of ~~House Rules Committee Print 117-12; Division L of P.L. 116-260 and accompanying Joint~~
~~Explanatory Statement, including Comparative Statement of New Budget Authority tables, published in the~~
December 21, 2020, Congressional Record~~, Book IV; and P.L. 117-2~~H.R. 4502, as passed by the House; and Senate majority draft bil and report as posted at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/news/majority/chairman-leahy-releases-remaining-nine-senate-appropriations-bil s. .
Notes: Totals may not add due to rounding. Totals may not add due to rounding.
a. In addition to its appropriation, the Essential Air Service program receives funding from overflight fees. For a. In addition to its appropriation, the Essential Air Service program receives funding from overflight fees. For
FY2021, those fees were expected to provide an additional $153 mil ion to the program, and the CARES FY2021, those fees were expected to provide an additional $153 mil ion to the program, and the CARES
Act (Division M of P.L. 116-260 ) provided an additional $23 mil ion, for a total of $338 mil ion. Due to the Act (Division M of P.L. 116-260 ) provided an additional $23 mil ion, for a total of $338 mil ion. Due to the
pandemic’s effects on aviation the FY2022 estimate for overflight fees is down to $116 mil ion; the pandemic’s effects on aviation the FY2022 estimate for overflight fees is down to $116 mil ion; the
proposed increased appropriation would provide a total of $364 mil ion for the program. proposed increased appropriation would provide a total of $364 mil ion for the program.
b. Provided in the Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2021 (Division M of P.L. b. Provided in the Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2021 (Division M of P.L.
116-260). 116-260).
c. c. FY2022 supplemental funds provided to DOT by Division J, Title VIII of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58), which was passed via budget reconciliation and thus the appropriations are categorized as emergency mandatory funding. d. Provided in Title VII of ARPA (P.L. 117-2) to “prevent, prepare for, and respond to coronavirus.” This Provided in Title VII of ARPA (P.L. 117-2) to “prevent, prepare for, and respond to coronavirus.” This
legislation was enacted through the budget reconciliation process; as a result, funding provided in this act is legislation was enacted through the budget reconciliation process; as a result, funding provided in this act is
classified as mandatory spending, and does not appear in accounts showing discretionary appropriations. classified as mandatory spending, and does not appear in accounts showing discretionary appropriations.
Selected DOT Issues
Authorization of Surface Transportation Programs
Funding authorizations for the federal highway, transit, and passenger rail Funding authorizations for the federal highway, transit, and passenger rail ~~programs6~~programs12 were were
scheduled to expire at the end of FY2020, and were extended at the FY2020 levels through scheduled to expire at the end of FY2020, and were extended at the FY2020 levels through
FY2021, then through FY2022. The Administration requested funding for FY2022 based on those FY2021, then through FY2022. The Administration requested funding for FY2022 based on those
levels. The House Committee on Appropriations recommended increased funding based on levels levels. The House Committee on Appropriations recommended increased funding based on levels
proposed in pending surface transportation reauthorization legislation, the INVEST in America proposed in pending surface transportation reauthorization legislation, the INVEST in America
Act (H.R. 3684, passed by the House on July 1, 2021). The House had recommended similar Act (H.R. 3684, passed by the House on July 1, 2021). The House had recommended similar
levels of funding for surface transportation programs in FY2021 based on reauthorization levels of funding for surface transportation programs in FY2021 based on reauthorization
legislation introduced in the 116th Congress; that reauthorization legislation was not enacted, and legislation introduced in the 116th Congress; that reauthorization legislation was not enacted, and
the final FY2021 funding levels for surface transportation programs were in line with those in the final FY2021 funding levels for surface transportation programs were in line with those in
FY2020.FY2020. ~~Congress may further consider legislation reauthorizing the federal surface~~
~~transportation programs this year; if such legislation is enacted before the FY2022 THUD~~
~~appropriations bill is enacted, that legislation could affect funding levels in the final THUD bill.~~
~~Infrastructure Funding~~
~~The House committee~~ The Senate passed its version of H.R. 3684, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), commonly referred to as the “bipartisan infrastructure bill” and, after enactment, the “bipartisan infrastructure law” (or BIL) on August 10, 2021, as Senate Amendment 2137. Divisions A-C of the bill contain the text of surface transportation reauthorization legislation that differs from that passed by the House. Title VIII of Division J of the bill provides supplemental appropriations for many DOT programs. In the House, passage of the Senate version of the bill was for a time made contingent on Senate passage of a budget reconciliation bill still in process that would provide significant funding for social programs, but on November 5, 2021, the House passed the Senate version of H.R. 3684, and it was signed into law on November 15, 2021 (P.L. 117-58). Infrastructure Funding The House-passed bill would provide an increase of roughly $19 billion for transportation bill would provide an increase of roughly $19 billion for transportation
infrastructure. About two-thirds of that would go to the Federal Highway Administration, with infrastructure. About two-thirds of that would go to the Federal Highway Administration, with
most of the rest going to the Federal Railroad Administration and Federal Transit Administration. most of the rest going to the Federal Railroad Administration and Federal Transit Administration.
The The ~~level of infrastructure funding in the bill could be affected by congressional consideration of~~
~~legislation reauthorizing the federal surface transportation programs and by broader infrastructure~~
~~funding legislation proposed by the Biden Administration in the American Jobs Plan7 and~~
~~currently under discussion in the Senate.~~draft Senate committee bill would provide an increase of roughly $3 billion. 12 The authorizations were included in the Fixing American’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act, P.L. 114-94. Congressional Research Service 10 THUD Appropriations for FY2022
Multi-Modal Grants
Most DOT funding is provided by mode. The vast majority goes to programs focused on Most DOT funding is provided by mode. The vast majority goes to programs focused on
highways, with lesser amounts dedicated to the aviation, transit, rail, and maritime sectors. One of highways, with lesser amounts dedicated to the aviation, transit, rail, and maritime sectors. One of
the few programs for which project eligibility is not limited to a single mode is the national the few programs for which project eligibility is not limited to a single mode is the national
infrastructure investment program popularly known as the RAISE discretionary grant program infrastructure investment program popularly known as the RAISE discretionary grant program

~~6 The authorizations were included in the Fixing American’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act, P.L. 114-94.~~
~~7 https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/03/31/fact-sheet-the-american-jobs-plan/.~~
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~~THUD Appropriations for FY2022~~

(previously called TIGER and then BUILD). The House committee bill would increase funding (previously called TIGER and then BUILD). The House committee bill would increase funding
for the program by 20%, from $1.0 billion in FY2021 to $1.2 billion in FY2022, including $40 for the program by 20%, from $1.0 billion in FY2021 to $1.2 billion in FY2022, including $40
million for planning grants. This program is popular in part because it is one of the few million for planning grants. This program is popular in part because it is one of the few
transportation grant programs that offer communities an opportunity to obtain federal funding transportation grant programs that offer communities an opportunity to obtain federal funding
directly for local projects without state government involvement, and in part because virtually any directly for local projects without state government involvement, and in part because virtually any
transportation project eligible for federal funding is eligible for a grant under this program. The transportation project eligible for federal funding is eligible for a grant under this program. The
House Appropriations Committee commended DOT for revising the selection criteria for the House Appropriations Committee commended DOT for revising the selection criteria for the
FY2021 round of grants to include climate change, environmental justice, and racial equity FY2021 round of grants to include climate change, environmental justice, and racial equity
considerations, and included in its recommendations a direction to prioritize projects that improve considerations, and included in its recommendations a direction to prioritize projects that improve
race and social equity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the distribution of funds in race and social equity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the distribution of funds in
FY2022. FY2022.
The Senate draft committee bill would increase funding for the RAISE discretionary grant program by 9%, from $1.00 billion in FY2021 to $1.09 billion in FY2022. Separately, the IIJA provided supplemental funding of $1.5 billion for RAISE grants in FY2022, and DOT issued a grant solicitation for that funding on January 28, 2022.13 Highway Safety The House-passed bill ~~Highway Safety~~
~~The committee~~ recommended an increase of 37% ($232 million) in highway safety grants to recommended an increase of 37% ($232 million) in highway safety grants to
states, divided between formula safety grants and national priority safety incentive grant states, divided between formula safety grants and national priority safety incentive grant
programs. This increased funding would be drawn from the Highway Trust Fund, and is thus programs. This increased funding would be drawn from the Highway Trust Fund, and is thus
dependent on enactment of surface transportation reauthorization legislation as noted above. dependent on enactment of surface transportation reauthorization legislation as noted above.
The Senate draft committee bill recommended no increase. Passenger Rail
The The ~~committee~~House-passed bill recommended an increase of 46% ($1.3 billion) in funding for passenger rail. This recommended an increase of 46% ($1.3 billion) in funding for passenger rail. This
would provide $2.7 billion for Amtrak and $1.1 billion for grants to states and other entities for would provide $2.7 billion for Amtrak and $1.1 billion for grants to states and other entities for
improvements in passenger rail service. This funding is not drawn from the Highway improvements in passenger rail service. This funding is not drawn from the Highway Trust Fund. The Senate draft committee bill recommended an increase of 32%, mostly for additional Amtrak funding. ~~Trust Fund.~~
Commercial Truck Safety
The congressional The congressional ~~mandate8~~mandate14 for heavy trucks to be equipped with electronic logging devices for heavy trucks to be equipped with electronic logging devices
(ELDs) to track the time worked by drivers went into effect at the end of 2017.(ELDs) to track the time worked by drivers went into effect at the end of 2017.915 The purpose was The purpose was
to improve safety by reducing the incidence of commercial drivers driving while fatigued; this to improve safety by reducing the incidence of commercial drivers driving while fatigued; this
would be achieved by improving compliance with (and enforcement of) the federal hours-of-would be achieved by improving compliance with (and enforcement of) the federal hours-of-
service limits that limit the amount of time a driver can drive each day and each week. ELDs service limits that limit the amount of time a driver can drive each day and each week. ELDs
13 United States Department of Transportation, “U.S. Department of Transportation Announces Availability of $1.5 Billion in RAISE Grants Made Possible by President Biden’s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law,” January 28, 2022, https://www.transportation.gov/RAISEgrants. 14 Section 32301(b) of the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21), P.L. 112-141. 15 Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, “Final Rule: Electronic Logging Devices,” 80 Federal Register 78292, December 16, 2015, at https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-12-16/pdf/2015-31336.pdf. Congressional Research Service 11 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 make it harder for drivers to exceed the limits without detection. Objections from certain sectors make it harder for drivers to exceed the limits without detection. Objections from certain sectors
of the trucking industry have led Congress to repeatedly bar enforcement of the ELD mandate of the trucking industry have led Congress to repeatedly bar enforcement of the ELD mandate
with respect to livestock haulers in the annual THUD appropriations act. This action has been with respect to livestock haulers in the annual THUD appropriations act. This action has been
opposed by safety advocates. The FY2021 House version of the THUD bill did not include this opposed by safety advocates. The FY2021 House version of the THUD bill did not include this
waiver, though the enacted FY2021 THUD act did; the waiver was added to the FY2022 THUD waiver, though the enacted FY2021 THUD act did; the waiver was added to the FY2022 THUD
bill by amendment in the House Appropriations Committee markup of thebill by amendment in the House Appropriations Committee markup of the bill, and is included in the draft Senate committee bill. bill.
Department of Housing and Urban Development
Overview
HUD is the nation’s housing agency. The programs and activities it administers are designed HUD is the nation’s housing agency. The programs and activities it administers are designed
primarily to address housing problems faced by households with very low incomes or other primarily to address housing problems faced by households with very low incomes or other

~~8 Section 32301(b) of the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP–21), P.L. 112-141.~~
~~9 Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, “Final Rule: Electronic Logging Devices,” 80 Federal Register 78292,~~
~~December 16, 2015, at https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-12-16/pdf/2015-31336.pdf.~~
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~~link to page 14~~ ~~THUD Appropriations for FY2022~~

~~special housing needs and to expand access to homeownership.10~~special housing needs and to expand access to homeownership.16 The largest share of HUD’s The largest share of HUD’s
budget is devoted to its rental assistance programs: Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers, project-budget is devoted to its rental assistance programs: Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers, project-
based rental assistance via Section 8, Section 202 and Section 811, and public housing. These based rental assistance via Section 8, Section 202 and Section 811, and public housing. These
programs, which serve nearly 4.6 million households, provide subsidies to allow low-income programs, which serve nearly 4.6 million households, provide subsidies to allow low-income
recipients to pay below-market, income-based rent. recipients to pay below-market, income-based rent.
Two flexible block grant programs—the HOME Investment Partnerships grant program and the Two flexible block grant programs—the HOME Investment Partnerships grant program and the
Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program—help states and local governments Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program—help states and local governments
finance a variety of housing and community development activities designed to serve low-income finance a variety of housing and community development activities designed to serve low-income
families. Native American tribes receive their own direct housing grants through the Native families. Native American tribes receive their own direct housing grants through the Native
American Housing Block Grant program. American Housing Block Grant program.
Other more specialized grant programs help communities meet the needs of homeless persons Other more specialized grant programs help communities meet the needs of homeless persons
(through the Homeless Assistance Grants, namely the Continuum of Care and Emergency (through the Homeless Assistance Grants, namely the Continuum of Care and Emergency
Solutions Grants programs), including those living with HIV/AIDS (through the Housing Solutions Grants programs), including those living with HIV/AIDS (through the Housing
Opportunities for Persons with AIDS program). Additional programs fund fair housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS program). Additional programs fund fair housing
enforcement activities and healthy homes activities, including lead-based paint hazard enforcement activities and healthy homes activities, including lead-based paint hazard
identification and remediation. identification and remediation.
HUD’s Federal Housing Administration (FHA) insures mortgages made by lenders to HUD’s Federal Housing Administration (FHA) insures mortgages made by lenders to
homebuyers with low down payments and to developers of multifamily rental buildings homebuyers with low down payments and to developers of multifamily rental buildings
containing relatively affordable units. FHA collects fees from borrowers with FHA-insured containing relatively affordable units. FHA collects fees from borrowers with FHA-insured
mortgages, which are used to sustain its insurance funds. mortgages, which are used to sustain its insurance funds.
Agency Funding
Nearly all of HUD’s funding is provided via discretionary appropriations generally contained in Nearly all of HUD’s funding is provided via discretionary appropriations generally contained in
the annual Transportation, HUD, and Related Agencies appropriations legislation. (HUD the annual Transportation, HUD, and Related Agencies appropriations legislation. (HUD
programs may also receive additional resources from supplemental or other funding measures in programs may also receive additional resources from supplemental or other funding measures in
some years, most often in response to disasters.) The annual THUD bill provides gross some years, most often in response to disasters.) The annual THUD bill provides gross
appropriations for HUD programs and activities for a fiscal year. The “cost” of those appropriations for HUD programs and activities for a fiscal year. The “cost” of those
appropriations, as determined by the Congressional Budget Office’s scorekeeping process, is appropriations, as determined by the Congressional Budget Office’s scorekeeping process, is
generally reduced by offsetting receipts from the FHA’s loan programs and the Government generally reduced by offsetting receipts from the FHA’s loan programs and the Government
National Mortgage Association (GNMA) securitization of government loans. To a lesser extent, National Mortgage Association (GNMA) securitization of government loans. To a lesser extent,
16 For more information about federal housing assistance programs, see CRS Report RL34591, Overview of Federal Housing Assistance Programs and Policy. Congressional Research Service 12 link to page 16 link to page 18 link to page 18 link to page 18 link to page 18 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 rescissions of prior-year appropriations can also create savings. The gross appropriations rescissions of prior-year appropriations can also create savings. The gross appropriations
provided to HUD, minus savings from offsets and rescissions, result in the net budget authority provided to HUD, minus savings from offsets and rescissions, result in the net budget authority
total, which is used for budget enforcement purposes. total, which is used for budget enforcement purposes.
Status of FY2022 HUD Appropriations
As shown iAs shown in Table 4, the President’s FY2022 budget request proposed an increase of $8.3 billion the President’s FY2022 budget request proposed an increase of $8.3 billion
(+13.8%) in gross (regular, nonemergency) appropriations for HUD programs and activities (+13.8%) in gross (regular, nonemergency) appropriations for HUD programs and activities
relative to FY2021. (Because of an estimated increase in offsets in FY2022, relative to FY2021. (Because of an estimated increase in offsets in FY2022, net discretionary discretionary
budget authority—used for budget enforcement purposes—would see a smaller total increase budget authority—used for budget enforcement purposes—would see a smaller total increase
(+$7.1 billion) than gross budget authority. However, gross appropriations is a more accurate (+$7.1 billion) than gross budget authority. However, gross appropriations is a more accurate
measure of the resources available to HUD’s programs and activities.) Most of the requested measure of the resources available to HUD’s programs and activities.) Most of the requested
increase ($6.1 billion) is directed to HUD’s primary rental assistance programs, which, combined, increase ($6.1 billion) is directed to HUD’s primary rental assistance programs, which, combined,
serve nearly 4.6 million low-income households. However, nearly all HUD programs are serve nearly 4.6 million low-income households. However, nearly all HUD programs are

~~10 For more information about federal housing assistance programs, see CRS Report RL34591,~~ ~~Overview of Federal~~
~~Housing Assistance Programs and Policy~~.
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~~link to page 16~~ ~~THUD Appropriations for FY2022~~

proposed for increases, including HUD grant programs that had been targeted for elimination in proposed for increases, including HUD grant programs that had been targeted for elimination in
budget requests from the Trump Administration. budget requests from the Trump Administration.
The House The House ~~Appropriations Committee~~ bill would increase bill would increase ~~funding~~gross appropriations for HUD relative to FY2021, for HUD relative to FY2021,
but would provide slightly less than was requested by the President (a difference of $250 million, but would provide slightly less than was requested by the President (a difference of $250 million,
or less than 1%).or less than 1%).
The Senate Appropriations Committee Chair’s draft would provide HUD with an increase over FY2021 (+8.4%) but less than requested by the President or proposed by the House. Table 4. Department of Housing and Urban Development,
FY2021-FY2022 Detailed Appropriations
(dollars in millions) (dollars in millions)
FY2022 Senate Cmte
FY2021
FY2022
~~House~~
~~FY2022~~FY2022 Chair
FY2022
Accounts
Enacted Request ~~Committee~~
~~Senate~~ House Draft
Enacted
Appropriations

Salaries and Expenses (Mgmt. & Adm.) Salaries and Expenses (Mgmt. & Adm.)
1,499 1,499
1,681 1,681
1, 1,~~560~~

558a 1,595
Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8 Housing Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8 Housing
25,77 25,777a7b
30,442 30,442
29,216 29,216

27,719
Choice Vouchers) Choice Vouchers)
Voucher Renewals (non-add)
23,080
25,001
24,951
24,527

Administrative Fees (non-add)
2,159
2,790
2,~~470~~
465a 2,474

Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing (VASH)
40
0
20
50

incremental vouchers (non-add)
Family Unification Program (FUP) incremental

25 0
25
30

vouchers
25
Other Incremental Vouchers (non-add)
43
1,552
1,~~000~~
005a 75

Mobility services (non-add)
0
491
150
0

Public Housing Fund Public Housing Fund
7,806 7,806
8,575 8,575
8,640 8,640

8,838
Operating Grants (non-add)
4,839
4,887
4,897
5,019

Capital Grants (non-add)
2,765
3,200
3,400
3,616

Climate Resiliency/Utility Grants (non-add)
—
245
100
0

Energy and Water Efficiency s (non-add)
—
55
50
0 Congressional Research Service 13 link to page 18 link to page 18 link to page 18 link to page 19 link to page 18 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 FY2022 Senate Cmte FY2021 FY2022 FY2022 Chair FY2022 Accounts Enacted Request House Draft Enacted

Choice Neighborhoods Choice Neighborhoods
200 200
250 250
400 400

200
Self Sufficiency Programs Self Sufficiency Programs
155 155
175 175
~~200~~

202a 170
Native American Programs Native American Programs
825 825
1,000 1,000
950 950

1,000
Native American Housing Block Grants
(Formula) (non-add)
647
723
722
772

Native American Housing Block Grants
(Competitive) (non-add)
100
100
150
150

Native American Housing Block Grants
(competitive) for energy efficiency and climate
—
100
—0
0

resiliency (non-add)
Indian Community Development Block Grants
(non-add)
70
70
70
70

Indian housing loan guarantee Indian housing loan guarantee
2 2
4 4
4 4

4
Native Hawaiian block grant Native Hawaiian block grant
2 2
7 4 15 Housing, persons with AIDS (HOPWA) 430 450 600 450 Community Development Fund 3,475 3,770 4,688 4,190 CDBG Formula Grants 3,450 3,745c 3,728d 3,550 SUPPORT for Patients and Communities 25 25 25 25 Economic Development Initiativese — — 936d 615 HOME Investment Partnerships 1,350 1,850 1,850 1,450 Formula Grants (inc. insular areas) 1,350 1,750 1,800 1,450 Downpayment Assistance — 100 50 0 7
4

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~~link to page 16 link to page 16 link to page 16 link to page 16 link to page 16 link to page 16~~ ~~THUD Appropriations for FY2022~~

~~FY2022~~
~~FY2021~~
~~FY2022~~
~~House~~
~~FY2022~~
~~FY2022~~
~~Accounts~~
~~Enacted Request Committee~~
~~Senate~~
~~Enacted~~
~~Housing, persons with AIDS (HOPWA)~~
~~430~~
~~450~~
~~600~~

~~Community Development Fund~~
~~3,475~~
~~3,770~~
~~4,688~~

~~CDBG Formula Grants~~
~~3,450~~
3,745b
~~3,740~~

~~SUPPORT for Patients and Communities~~
25
25
25

Economic Development Initiativesc
—
—
~~924~~

~~HOME Investment Partnerships~~
~~1,350~~
~~1,850~~
~~1,850~~

~~Formula Grants (inc. insular areas)~~
~~1,350~~
~~1,750~~
~~1,800~~

~~Downpayment Assistance~~
—
~~100~~
50

~~Self-Help Homeownership~~
60
60
65

Self-Help Homeownership 60 60 65 65
Self-Help and Assisted Homeownership
Opportunity Program
10
10
15
15

Section 4 Capacity Building
41
41
45
41

Rural Capacity Building
5
5
5
5

Veterans Home Rehabilitation and
4
4
0
4

Modification Pilot Program
Homeless Assistance Grants Homeless Assistance Grants
3,000 3,000
3,500 3,500
3,420 3,420

3,260
Project-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8) Project-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8)
13,465 13,465
14,060 14,060
14,010 14,010

13,970
Contract Renewals
13,115
13,675
13,625
13,615

Contract Administrators
350
355
355
355

Service coordinators for the elderly
—
30
30
0

Housing for the Elderly (Section 202) Housing for the Elderly (Section 202)
855 855
928 928
1,033 1,033

956
Housing for Persons with Disabilities (Section Housing for Persons with Disabilities (Section
811) 227 ~~227~~
272 272
352 352

~~811)~~
~~Housing Counseling Assistance~~
78
86
~~100~~

~~Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fundd~~
13
14
14

~~Green Retrofit for Multifamily~~
—
~~250~~
0

~~Federal Housing Administration (FHA)~~
~~130~~

~~Expensesd~~
~~180e~~
~~150~~
~~Government National Mortgage Assn. (GNMA)~~
35
40
36

~~Expensesd~~
~~Research and technology~~
~~105~~
~~145~~
~~185~~

~~Fair housing activities~~
73
85
85

~~Fair Housing Assistance Program (non-add)~~
24
56
56

~~Fair Housing Initiatives Program (non-add)~~
46
25
25

~~Lead Hazard Reduction~~
~~360~~
~~400~~
~~460~~

~~Information Technology Fund~~
~~300~~
~~323~~
~~278~~

~~Inspector General~~
~~137~~
~~147~~
~~145~~

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~~FY2022~~
~~FY2021~~
~~FY2022~~
~~House~~
~~FY2022~~
~~FY2022~~
~~Accounts~~
~~Enacted Request Committee~~
~~Senate~~
~~Enacted~~
~~Gross Appropriations Subtotal~~
~~60,358~~
~~68,694~~
~~68,444~~

~~Offsetting Collections and Receipts~~

~~Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fund~~
~~-13~~
~~-14~~
~~-14~~

~~FHA~~
~~-9,244~~
~~-9,586~~
~~-9,596~~

~~GNMA~~
~~-1,439~~
~~-2,303f~~
~~-2,363~~

~~Offsets Subtotal~~
~~-10,696~~
~~-11,903~~
~~-11,973~~

~~Rescission’s~~

~~Rental Housing Assistance~~
~~-14~~
—
—

~~Native Hawaiian block grant rescission~~
—
-6
0

~~Rescissions Subtotal~~
~~-14~~
-6
0

~~Total Net Discretionary Budget Authority~~
49,648g
~~56,785~~
~~56,471~~

~~Source:~~ ~~HUD FY2022 Congressional Budget Justifications; H.R. 4550 and H.Rept. 117-99~~ 227 Congressional Research Service 14 link to page 19 link to page 19 link to page 19 link to page 19 link to page 19 link to page 19 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 FY2022 Senate Cmte FY2021 FY2022 FY2022 Chair FY2022 Accounts Enacted Request House Draft Enacted Housing Counseling Assistance 78 86 100 58 Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fundf 13 14 14 14 Green Retrofit for Multifamily — 250 0 0 Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Expensesf 130 180g 150 150 Government National Mortgage Assn. (GNMA) Expensesf 35 40 36 37 Research and technology 105 145 185 105 Fair housing activities 73 85 85 85 Fair Housing Assistance Program (non-add) 24 25 25 25 Fair Housing Initiatives Program (non-add) 46 56 56 56 Lead Hazard Reduction 360 400 460 400 Information Technology Fund 300 323 278 300 Inspector General 137 147 145 140 Gross Appropriations Subtotal 60,358 68,694 68,444 65,398 Offsetting Collections and Receipts Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fund -13 -14 -14 -14 FHA -9,244 -9,586 -9,596 -9,596 GNMA -1,439 -2,303h -2,363 -2,363 Offsets Subtotal -10,696 -11,903 -11,973 -11,973 Rescissions Rental Housing Assistance -14 — — — Native Hawaiian block grant rescission — -6 0 -6 Rescissions Subtotal -14 -6 0 -6 Total Net Discretionary Budget Authority 49,648i 56,785 56,471 53,419 Sources: HUD FY2022 Congressional Budget Justifications; H.Rept. 117-99; Division G of H.R. 4502, as passed by the House; and Senate majority draft bil and report as posted at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/news/majority/chairman-leahy-releases-remaining-nine-senate-appropriations-bil s. .
Notes: Totals may not add due to rounding. Only selected set-asides are presented in this table. Figures include Totals may not add due to rounding. Only selected set-asides are presented in this table. Figures include
advance appropriations available in the fiscal year, rather than provided in the bil . advance appropriations available in the fiscal year, rather than provided in the bil .
a. a. Amount adjusted for floor amendment. b. Of this amount, $695 mil ion is designated as being for an emergency requirement by Section 420 of Of this amount, $695 mil ion is designated as being for an emergency requirement by Section 420 of
Division L of P.L. 116-260. Division L of P.L. 116-260.
bc. This amount includes $295 mil ion “for activities targeted to the revitalization of deteriorating or . This amount includes $295 mil ion “for activities targeted to the revitalization of deteriorating or
deteriorated neighborhoods and places with the greatest need, as determined by the Secretary,” by a deteriorated neighborhoods and places with the greatest need, as determined by the Secretary,” by a
separate formula. separate formula.
cd. The bil allows for up to $935.5 mil ion to be set aside within the account for Economic Development Initiative projects. If less than this amount is set aside, then more may be available for formula grants. Congressional Research Service 15 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 e. All funding contained in this set-aside is earmarked for congressionally-requested projects, as described in . All funding contained in this set-aside is earmarked for congressionally-requested projects, as described in
the text box “Return of Earmarks” earlier in this report. the text box “Return of Earmarks” earlier in this report.
d. f. Some or all of the cost of funding these accounts is offset by the col ection of fees or other receipts. Those Some or all of the cost of funding these accounts is offset by the col ection of fees or other receipts. Those
offsets are shown later in this table. offsets are shown later in this table.
eg. Part of this increase would support a temporary expansion of the Good Neighbor Next Door program and . Part of this increase would support a temporary expansion of the Good Neighbor Next Door program and
a new Home Equity Accelerator Loan pilot. See pp. 28-1 and 28-2 of HUD’s FY2022 budget justifications. a new Home Equity Accelerator Loan pilot. See pp. 28-1 and 28-2 of HUD’s FY2022 budget justifications.
f.
h. Includes estimated receipts attributable to a general provision (§230) included in the President’s request to Includes estimated receipts attributable to a general provision (§230) included in the President’s request to
allow GNMA to securitize certain state housing finance agency risk-sharing loans. The requested provision allow GNMA to securitize certain state housing finance agency risk-sharing loans. The requested provision
was not included in the House committee bil . was not included in the House committee bil .
g. i. P.L. 117-2 provided $10.770 bil ion in additional mandatory funding for HUD programs for COVID-19 P.L. 117-2 provided $10.770 bil ion in additional mandatory funding for HUD programs for COVID-19
response and relief purposes in FY2021. Those funds are not reflected in this table. response and relief purposes in FY2021. Those funds are not reflected in this table.
Selected FY2022 HUD Appropriations Issues
Rental Assistance Funding
Through various programs utilizing different mechanisms, the federal government subsidizes the Through various programs utilizing different mechanisms, the federal government subsidizes the
rents of nearly 4.6 million low-income households, allowing them to pay affordable, below-rents of nearly 4.6 million low-income households, allowing them to pay affordable, below-
market rents, generally set at 30% of a family’s income. The vast majority of HUD funding each market rents, generally set at 30% of a family’s income. The vast majority of HUD funding each
year is devoted to maintaining these rental assistance programs, which include (from largest to year is devoted to maintaining these rental assistance programs, which include (from largest to
smallest in terms of households served in FY2020): smallest in terms of households served in FY2020):
 Housing Choice Vouchers (2.3 million households (HHs));  Housing Choice Vouchers (2.3 million households (HHs));
 Section 8 project-based rental assistance (1.2 million HHs);  Section 8 project-based rental assistance (1.2 million HHs);
 public housing (880,000 HHs);  public housing (880,000 HHs);
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~~THUD Appropriations for FY2022~~

 Section 202 Housing for the Elderly (124,000 HHs); and  Section 202 Housing for the Elderly (124,000 HHs); and
 Section 811 Housing for Persons with Disabilities (32,000 HHs). Section 811 Housing for Persons with Disabilities (32,000 HHs).1117
Funding for these rental assistance programs accounts for roughly 80% of HUD’s total (gross) Funding for these rental assistance programs accounts for roughly 80% of HUD’s total (gross)
appropriations, most of which is used to maintain assistance for currently assisted families. appropriations, most of which is used to maintain assistance for currently assisted families.
Although it is estimated that roughly one in four eligible households receives rental assistance, Although it is estimated that roughly one in four eligible households receives rental assistance,
leading to waiting lists for assistance in most communities, expansions of these programs to serve leading to waiting lists for assistance in most communities, expansions of these programs to serve
new families have been limited. For many years, new Housing Choice Vouchers (referred to as new families have been limited. For many years, new Housing Choice Vouchers (referred to as
incremental vouchers) have been funded only for homeless veterans, via the Veterans Affairs incremental vouchers) have been funded only for homeless veterans, via the Veterans Affairs
Supportive Housing (VASH) program, and for child welfare-involved families and former foster Supportive Housing (VASH) program, and for child welfare-involved families and former foster
youth, via the Family Unification Program (FUP). While some funding for new Section 202 and youth, via the Family Unification Program (FUP). While some funding for new Section 202 and
Section 811 units has been provided, HUD has no funding or authority to expand the public Section 811 units has been provided, HUD has no funding or authority to expand the public
housing or Section 8 project-based rental assistance programs. One challenge with expanding housing or Section 8 project-based rental assistance programs. One challenge with expanding
rental assistance programs has been the need for funding to renew newly created subsidies in rental assistance programs has been the need for funding to renew newly created subsidies in
subsequent years. In light of caps on domestic discretionary spending, growing renewal costs can subsequent years. In light of caps on domestic discretionary spending, growing renewal costs can
lead to difficult trade-offs in the appropriations process. lead to difficult trade-offs in the appropriations process.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the largest expansions in rental assistance in In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the largest expansions in rental assistance in
recent years were funded in FY2021, with mandatory ARPA funding for 70,000 new (albeit recent years were funded in FY2021, with mandatory ARPA funding for 70,000 new (albeit
temporary) vouchers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as additional discretionary temporary) vouchers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as additional discretionary
funding of $43 million in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, for new incremental funding of $43 million in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, for new incremental
vouchers for persons who are homeless or at-risk of homelessness. vouchers for persons who are homeless or at-risk of homelessness.
17 HUD FY2022 Congressional Budget Justifications, Overview of Rental Assistance Programs, p. 2-1, https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/5_2022CJ-OverviewofRentalAssistancePrograms.pdf. Congressional Research Service 16 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 For FY2022, the President’s budget proposed directing $6.1 billion of the total $7.5 billion in For FY2022, the President’s budget proposed directing $6.1 billion of the total $7.5 billion in
increased funding requested over FY2021 to rental assistance programs. In addition to increased funding requested over FY2021 to rental assistance programs. In addition to
maintaining assistance to the 4.6 million currently assisted households, part of this increase is maintaining assistance to the 4.6 million currently assisted households, part of this increase is
intended to fund expansions in rental assistance. intended to fund expansions in rental assistance.
Housing Choice Vouchers
The President’s budget request included $1.5 billion in the tenant-based rental assistance account The President’s budget request included $1.5 billion in the tenant-based rental assistance account
for new incremental Housing Choice Vouchers. Budget documents state this would allow the for new incremental Housing Choice Vouchers. Budget documents state this would allow the
program to serve an additional 200,000 families, the largest increase since the program was program to serve an additional 200,000 families, the largest increase since the program was
authorized. authorized.
The request also included an increase in administrative fee funding ($2.8 billion, or +29% over The request also included an increase in administrative fee funding ($2.8 billion, or +29% over
FY2021) and a new set-aside to fund mobility services to help families relocate to areas of FY2021) and a new set-aside to fund mobility services to help families relocate to areas of
opportunity ($491 million). opportunity ($491 million).
The House The House ~~Appropriations Committee~~ bill would provide bill would provide just over $1 billion for new incremental $1 billion for new incremental
vouchers, which H.Rept. 117-99 vouchers, which H.Rept. 117-99 ~~estimates~~estimated would serve 125,000 additional families. While lower would serve 125,000 additional families. While lower
than the President’s request, this expansion would still be the largest since the program’s than the President’s request, this expansion would still be the largest since the program’s
inception. Additionally, while the President’s budget included no funding for new VASH or FUP inception. Additionally, while the President’s budget included no funding for new VASH or FUP
vouchers, the House vouchers, the House ~~Appropriations Committee~~ bill included $20 million for VASH and $25 bill included $20 million for VASH and $25
million for FUP. The House million for FUP. The House ~~Appropriations Committee~~ bill would increase funding for bill would increase funding for
administrative fees above the FY2021 level (+14%), but not as high as requested, and would fund administrative fees above the FY2021 level (+14%), but not as high as requested, and would fund
the new mobility services set-aside, but at a reduced level ($150 million). the new mobility services set-aside, but at a reduced level ($150 million).

~~11 HUD FY2022 Congressional Budget Justifications, Overview of Rental Assistance Programs, p. 2-1,~~
~~https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/5_2022CJ-OverviewofRentalAssistancePrograms.pdf.~~
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The Senate Committee Chair’s draft included increased funding for VASH and FUP relative to FY2021 and the House bill, but less for other new incremental vouchers ($75 million, for families with young children to move to low-poverty neighborhoods).
Section 202 and Section 811
The President’s budget also proposes funding increases for the Section 202 Supportive Housing The President’s budget also proposes funding increases for the Section 202 Supportive Housing
for the Elderly and Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities programs (+$73 for the Elderly and Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities programs (+$73
million and +$45 million over FY2021, respectively). The President’s budget documents note the million and +$45 million over FY2021, respectively). The President’s budget documents note the
funding levels requested would be sufficient to create approximately 2,000 new units—1,100 for funding levels requested would be sufficient to create approximately 2,000 new units—1,100 for
Section 202 and 900 for Section 811. Section 202 and 900 for Section 811.
The House The House ~~Appropriations Committee~~ bill would provide more than the requested amount for bill would provide more than the requested amount for
each program (+$178 million for Section 202 and +$125 million for Section 811 relative to each program (+$178 million for Section 202 and +$125 million for Section 811 relative to
FY2021). H.Rept. 117-99 FY2021). H.Rept. 117-99 ~~notes~~noted that the amounts provided would be sufficient to fund more than that the amounts provided would be sufficient to fund more than
double the President’s requested units (2,250 new units for Section 202; 1,800 new units for double the President’s requested units (2,250 new units for Section 202; 1,800 new units for
~~Section 811~~Section 811). The Senate Committee Chair’s draft proposed level funding for Section 811 relative to FY2021; an increase above the President’s request for Section 202, but less than the House bill ($956 million). ).
Public Housing
The President’s budget request included “full funding” of the public housing program. That The President’s budget request included “full funding” of the public housing program. That
means that the amount requested is estimated to cover the full cost of public housing operating means that the amount requested is estimated to cover the full cost of public housing operating
expenses under the operating fund formula, and that the amount requested for capital grants expenses under the operating fund formula, and that the amount requested for capital grants
would be sufficient to meet the full estimated annual capital accrual needs in public housing. would be sufficient to meet the full estimated annual capital accrual needs in public housing.
The House The House ~~Appropriations Committee~~ bill would exceed the President’s requested funding level bill would exceed the President’s requested funding level
for public housing both in terms of operating and capital fundingfor public housing both in terms of operating and capital funding.
; the Senate Committee Chair’s draft proposes a larger increase in funding for public housing than the House bill. Congressional Research Service 17 link to page 21 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 Formula Grants
HUD’s budget includes funding for a number of formula grants to states, municipalities, and HUD’s budget includes funding for a number of formula grants to states, municipalities, and
tribes for a range of housing and community development purposes. These include the CDBG tribes for a range of housing and community development purposes. These include the CDBG
programs, which can be used by states and localities for a wide range of community development programs, which can be used by states and localities for a wide range of community development
purposes; the HOME program, which can be used by states and localities for various affordable purposes; the HOME program, which can be used by states and localities for various affordable
housing purposes; and the Native American Housing Block Grant to tribes for affordable housing. housing purposes; and the Native American Housing Block Grant to tribes for affordable housing.
The President’s budget request includes funding increases relative to FY2021 for each of these The President’s budget request includes funding increases relative to FY2021 for each of these
programs. Specifically, it would increase CDBG formula grants by $295 million (+8.6%);programs. Specifically, it would increase CDBG formula grants by $295 million (+8.6%);1218
HOMEHOME formula grants by $400 million (+30%); and NAHBG formula grants by $76 million (+11.7%). grants by $400 million (+30%); and NAHBG formula grants by $76 million (+11.7%).
The House The House ~~Appropriations Committee~~ bill also includes increases for each of these formula grants bill also includes increases for each of these formula grants
relative to FY2021. It proposes increasing CDBG formula grants relative to FY2021 by relative to FY2021. It proposes increasing CDBG formula grants relative to FY2021 by
somewhat less than the President’s request (+$289 million, or +8.4%),somewhat less than the President’s request (+$289 million, or +8.4%),1319 HOME formula grants HOME formula grants
relative to FY2021 by more than the President’s request (+$450 million, or +33%), and NAHBG relative to FY2021 by more than the President’s request (+$450 million, or +33%), and NAHBG
formula grants relative to FY2021 by slightly less than the request (+$75 million, or +11.6%). formula grants relative to FY2021 by slightly less than the request (+$75 million, or +11.6%).
The Senate Committee Chair’s draft would increase funding above the President’s request for NAHBG formula grants but provide less than requested for CDBG and HOME formula grants (though an increase over FY2021). Additionally, for the HOME program, the President’s budget requested $100 million for a new Additionally, for the HOME program, the President’s budget requested $100 million for a new
down payment assistance grant program; the House down payment assistance grant program; the House ~~Appropriations Committee~~ bill would provide bill would provide
$50 million for this $50 million for this purpose. The Senate Committee Chair’s draft does not include funding for this down payment initiative.~~purpose.~~

~~12 The Congressional Budget Justifications note that this requested increase would fund more geographically targeted~~
~~activities for historically underserved areas, via a separate allocation format in which communities would opt in. For~~
~~more information, see https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/18_2022CJ-~~
~~CommunityDevelopmentFund.pdf#page=4.~~
~~13 The bill did not include the alternate funding formula requested by the President and discussed in footnote 12.~~
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Homelessness
In addition to the broader-purpose formula grants previously mentioned, HUD’s budget includes In addition to the broader-purpose formula grants previously mentioned, HUD’s budget includes
funding for formula and competitive grants specifically to address homelessnessfunding for formula and competitive grants specifically to address homelessness, through through ~~the~~
two accounts: the Homelessness Assistance Grants accountHomelessness Assistance Grants account~~. That account~~, which funds the Continuum of Care funds the Continuum of Care program and~~program~~
~~grants as well as~~ the Emergency Shelter Grants the Emergency Shelter Grants ~~programs, and through~~ , and the Housing Opportunities the Housing Opportunities
for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program. for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program.
For FY2022, the President’s budget requested funding increases relative to FY2021 for both For FY2022, the President’s budget requested funding increases relative to FY2021 for both
Homeless Assistance Grants (+$500 million, or +17%) and HOPWA (+$20 million, or +5%). The Homeless Assistance Grants (+$500 million, or +17%) and HOPWA (+$20 million, or +5%). The
House House ~~Appropriations Committee~~ bill would provide a smaller increase relative to FY2021 than bill would provide a smaller increase relative to FY2021 than
requested for the Homeless Assistance Grants (+$420 million, or +14%), but a larger increase requested for the Homeless Assistance Grants (+$420 million, or +14%), but a larger increase
relative to FY2021 than requested for HOPWA (+$170 million or +40%). The committee report relative to FY2021 than requested for HOPWA (+$170 million or +40%). The committee report
~~notes~~noted that the HOPWA funding increase it recommends is designed to allow HUD to hold that the HOPWA funding increase it recommends is designed to allow HUD to hold
harmless communities that might otherwise receive a decrease as harmless communities that might otherwise receive a decrease as ~~HUD~~the agency implements an updated implements an updated
~~HOPWA formula in FY2022.~~
HOPWA formula in FY2022. The Senate Committee Chair’s draft would increase funding for Homeless Assistance Grants relative to FY2021, but less than the request; it would match the request for HOPWA. 18 The Congressional Budget Justifications note that this requested increase would fund more geographically targeted activities for historically underserved areas, via a separate allocation format in which communities would opt in. For more information, see https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/18_2022CJ-CommunityDevelopmentFund.pdf#page=4. 19 The bill did not include the alternate funding formula requested by the President and discussed in footnote 18. Congressional Research Service 18 link to page 22 link to page 23 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 Climate Initiative
The Administration attributes $800 million of the $7.1 billion in increased funding it requested The Administration attributes $800 million of the $7.1 billion in increased funding it requested
for HUD relative to FY2021 to a new climate initiative. The department’s budget documents state for HUD relative to FY2021 to a new climate initiative. The department’s budget documents state
that the funding will be used for “targeted investments to improve the quality of housing through that the funding will be used for “targeted investments to improve the quality of housing through
climate resilience and energy efficiency.”climate resilience and energy efficiency.”1420
The $800 million is composed of a request for $250 million for a new energy and green retrofit The $800 million is composed of a request for $250 million for a new energy and green retrofit
grant program for multifamily housing funded in a new account, as well as set-asides for new or grant program for multifamily housing funded in a new account, as well as set-asides for new or
expanded initiatives in a number of existing accounts. expanded initiatives in a number of existing accounts.
As shown i As shown in Table 5, the House the House ~~Appropriations Committee~~ bill would partially fund two of the bill would partially fund two of the
elements of the climate initiative proposed by the Presidentelements of the climate initiative proposed by the President; the Senate Committee Chair’s draft contains no funding for any of these initiatives. .
Table 5. HUD Climate Initiative Funding
(dollars in millions) (dollars in millions)
~~House~~
~~President’s~~
~~Committee~~
Senate Cmte President’s Chair
Account
Activity
Request
House Bill
~~Senate~~ Draft Enacted
Public Housing Fund Public Housing Fund
Utility Conservation and Utility Conservation and
Climate Resilience Climate Resilience
245 245
100 100

0
Public Housing Fund Public Housing Fund
Energy Performance Energy Performance
Contracts Contracts
55 55
50 50

0
Choice Choice
Climate Grants Climate Grants
Neighborhoods Neighborhoods
50 50
0 0

0
Native American Native American
Energy and Water efficiency Energy and Water efficiency
Programs Programs
competitive grants competitive grants
100 100
0 0

0
Green and Resilient Green and Resilient
Green and Resilient Retrofit Green and Resilient Retrofit
Retrofit Program Retrofit Program
Program Program
250 250
0 0

0 Tenant Based Rental Rental Assistance Assistance Demonstration 50 0 0
~~Tenant Based Rental~~
~~Rental Assistance~~
50
0

~~Assistance~~
~~Demonstration~~

~~14 HUD FY2022 Congressional Budget Justifications, Climate Initiative, p. 3-1, https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/~~
~~documents/6_2022CJ_ClimateInitiative.pdf.~~
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~~link to page 20~~ ~~THUD Appropriations for FY2022~~

~~House~~
~~President’s~~
~~Committee~~

~~Account~~
~~Activity~~
~~Request~~
~~Bill~~
~~Senate Enacted~~
Project Based Rental Project Based Rental
Rental Assistance Rental Assistance
Assistance Assistance
Demonstration Demonstration
50 50
0 0

0
~~Source~~Sources: HUD FY2022 Congressional Budget Justifications, Climate Initiative, p. 3-1 HUD FY2022 Congressional Budget Justifications, Climate Initiative, p. 3-1,; H. H.~~R. 4550 and H.Rept. 117-~~
99Rept. 117-99; and Division G of H.R. 4502, as passed by the House; Senate majority draft bil and report as posted at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/news/majority/chairman-leahy-releases-remaining-nine-senate-appropriations-bil s. .
THUD Related Agencies
As shown iAs shown in Table 6, most of the related agencies funded in the THUD bill would have received ost of the related agencies funded in the THUD bill would have received
level or slightly increased funding relative to the prior year under the President’s FY2022 budget level or slightly increased funding relative to the prior year under the President’s FY2022 budget
request, and these requests were supported by the Houserequest, and these requests were supported by the House ~~Appropriations Committee~~. The notable . The notable
exception is the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation, for which a 3% ($5 million) increase exception is the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation, for which a 3% ($5 million) increase
~~was requested, and for which the House Committee~~ was requested, 20 HUD FY2022 Congressional Budget Justifications, Climate Initiative, p. 3-1, https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/6_2022CJ_ClimateInitiative.pdf. Congressional Research Service 19 THUD Appropriations for FY2022 and for which the House recommended a 12% ($20 million) increase recommended a 12% ($20 million) increase
~~over FY2021.~~
over FY2021. The Senate Committee Chair’s draft proposes to provide the same amount as requested overall, although the funds are distributed somewhat differently across the related agencies. Table 6. THUD Independent Agencies, FY2021-FY2022
(dollars in millions) (dollars in millions)
FY2022 Senate Cmte
FY2021
FY2022
~~House~~FY2022 Chair
FY2022 ~~FY2022~~
Related Agencies
Enacted Request ~~Committee Senate~~ House Draft Enacted
Access Board Access Board
9 9
10 10
10 10

10
Federal Maritime Commission Federal Maritime Commission
30 30
31 31
31 31

33
National Railroad Passenger Corporation National Railroad Passenger Corporation
25 25
26 26
27 27

26
(Amtrak) Office of Inspector General (Amtrak) Office of Inspector General
National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board
118 118
121 121
121 121

123
Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation
(NeighborWorks) 165 165
170 170
185 185

~~(NeighborWorks)~~
166 Surface Transportation Board Surface Transportation Board
38 38
39 39
39 39

39
Offsetting Col ections Offsetting Col ections
-1 -1
-1 -1
-1 -1

-1
U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness
4 4
4 4
4 4

4
Total
388
400
416

400
~~Source:~~ ~~H.R. 4550 and H.Rept. 117-99~~Sources: Division G of H.R. 4502, as passed by the House and H.Rept. 117-99; Senate majority draft bil and report as posted at https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/news/majority/chairman-leahy-releases-remaining-nine-senate-appropriations-bil s. .
Note: Totals may not add due to rounding. Totals may not add due to rounding.
Selected Related Agencies Issues
NeighborWorks America
The Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (commonly known as NeighborWorks America) The Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (commonly known as NeighborWorks America)
was created via federal charter in 1978 to support affordable housing and neighborhood was created via federal charter in 1978 to support affordable housing and neighborhood
revitalization nationwide through a network of affiliated local organizations. From FY2018-revitalization nationwide through a network of affiliated local organizations. From FY2018-
FY2021, the Trump Administration’s budget requests to Congress requested only enough funding FY2021, the Trump Administration’s budget requests to Congress requested only enough funding
for NeighborWorks to allow the organization to wind down existing commitments until it ceased for NeighborWorks to allow the organization to wind down existing commitments until it ceased
~~Congressional Research Service~~

17

~~THUD Appropriations for FY2022~~

operations. Despite these proposals, Congress continued to fund the organization in the annual operations. Despite these proposals, Congress continued to fund the organization in the annual
appropriations acts. The first budget request of the Biden Administration requested a $5 million appropriations acts. The first budget request of the Biden Administration requested a $5 million
increase over the FY2021 enacted level for NeighborWorks. The House increase over the FY2021 enacted level for NeighborWorks. The House ~~Appropriations~~
~~Committee~~ bill included an even larger increase ($20 million), and designated $25 million of the bill included an even larger increase ($20 million), and designated $25 million of the
total funding for a competitive grant program to fund revitalization in areas with concentrations total funding for a competitive grant program to fund revitalization in areas with concentrations
of abandoned or distressed properties.of abandoned or distressed properties.1521 The Senate Committee Chair’s draft would provide an increase over FY2021 (+$1 million). 21 See pp. 161-162 of H.Rept. 117-99. Congressional Research Service 20 THUD Appropriations for FY2022

Author Information

Maggie McCarty Maggie McCarty
David Randall Peterman David Randall Peterman
Specialist in Housing Policy Specialist in Housing Policy
Analyst in Transportation Policy Analyst in Transportation Policy

Disclaimer
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~~15 See pp. 161-162 of H.Rept. 117-99.~~
Congressional Research Service Congressional Research Service
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