The Weatherization Assistance Program
June 16, 2020November 12, 2021
Formula
Corrie E. Clark
The Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) enables low-
The Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) enables low-
Analyst in Energy Policy
Analyst in Energy Policy
income families to reduce their energy consumption by making their dwellings more energy
income families to reduce their energy consumption by making their dwellings more energy
efficient. The WAP was authorized in Title IV of the Energy Conservation and Production Act
efficient. The WAP was authorized in Title IV of the Energy Conservation and Production Act
Lynn J. Cunningham
(ECPA, P.L. 94-385)
(ECPA, P.L. 94-385)
and established in 1976. This act authorized the Administrator of the and established in 1976. This act authorized the Administrator of the
Senior Research Librarian
Senior Research Librarian
Federal Energy Administration (and later the Secretary of Energy) to provide weatherization
Federal Energy Administration (and later the Secretary of Energy) to provide weatherization
assistance.
assistance.
The WAP is a formula grant program: funding flows from DOE to state and territorial
The WAP is a formula grant program: funding flows from DOE to state and territorial
governments and then to local governments and weatherization agencies. DOE program guidelines specify that a variety of governments and then to local governments and weatherization agencies. DOE program guidelines specify that a variety of
energy efficiency measures are eligible for support under the program. The measures energy efficiency measures are eligible for support under the program. The measures
includein clude insulation, space-heating insulation, space-heating
equipment, energy-efficient windows, water heaters, and efficient air conditioners. equipment, energy-efficient windows, water heaters, and efficient air conditioners.
Program funds are allocated to the states and territories according to a formula that has a long and complicated history.
Program funds are allocated to the states and territories according to a formula that has a long and complicated history.
Initially WAP funds were distributed in a manner that was more favorable to colder-weather states.Initially WAP funds were distributed in a manner that was more favorable to colder-weather states.
This focus was in part the This focus was in part the
result of high heating oil prices throughout the 1970s.result of high heating oil prices throughout the 1970s.
As WAP was reauthorized, Congress amended the factors that were As WAP was reauthorized, Congress amended the factors that were
considered by DOE to inform the distribution of funds.considered by DOE to inform the distribution of funds.
The current procedure dates to 1990, when Congress reauthorized WAP. The reauthorization required that the Secretary of
The current procedure dates to 1990, when Congress reauthorized WAP. The reauthorization required that the Secretary of
DOE amend the formula allocation to use more recent data and to account for factors such as the cost of heating and cooling.DOE amend the formula allocation to use more recent data and to account for factors such as the cost of heating and cooling.
The effect of these changes was that, in general, some funding would be shifted from colder-weather states to warmer-The effect of these changes was that, in general, some funding would be shifted from colder-weather states to warmer-
weather states.weather states.
To prevent a dramatic shift of funds, the “new” formula, which DOE developed in 1995, is usedTo prevent a dramatic shift of funds, the “new” formula, which DOE developed in 1995, is used
to calculate to calculate
state allotments only when appropriations for the WAP program exceed approximately $209.7 million.state allotments only when appropriations for the WAP program exceed approximately $209.7 million.
When funds are at or When funds are at or
above the threshold, DOE determines program allocations for states and territories according to a base allocation and a above the threshold, DOE determines program allocations for states and territories according to a base allocation and a
formula allocation. The base allocation is a set amount for each state and territory and reflects historical program allocations. formula allocation. The base allocation is a set amount for each state and territory and reflects historical program allocations.
The formula allocation is composed of three factors: a population factor, a climatic factor (which is derived from heating and The formula allocation is composed of three factors: a population factor, a climatic factor (which is derived from heating and
cooling degree days), and a residential energy expenditure factor by low-income households (which approximates the cooling degree days), and a residential energy expenditure factor by low-income households (which approximates the
financial burden to low-income households of energy use). For total program allocations below $209,724,761, DOE financial burden to low-income households of energy use). For total program allocations below $209,724,761, DOE
determines allocations for states and territories according to a base allocation of $209,724,761determines allocations for states and territories according to a base allocation of $209,724,761
less the percentage decrease of less the percentage decrease of
the total program allocation from the threshold. the total program allocation from the threshold.
Under the current procedure, the method of funding allocation is dependent upon whether WAP’s annual appropriation by
Under the current procedure, the method of funding allocation is dependent upon whether WAP’s annual appropriation by
Congress is at or exceeds the monetary threshold, as noted. In Congress is at or exceeds the monetary threshold, as noted. In
FY2020FY2021, the threshold for the formula allocation was exceeded , the threshold for the formula allocation was exceeded
with WAP funding at $with WAP funding at $
305310 million.
The WAP was reauthorized in the Energy Act of 2020 (Division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, P.L. 116-260). The act amended the program, and in addition to the factors in the formula allocation, the Secretary of DOE also may consider the non-energy benefits of weatherization improvements—such as improvements to health and safety—when determining appropriate standards and procedures million. .
Issues for Congress center on whether to amend the current allocation procedure to account for changes in the energy
Issues for Congress center on whether to amend the current allocation procedure to account for changes in the energy
consumption of heating or cooling, consumption of heating or cooling,
to make changes to the per dwelling funding limit, to make changes to the approved weatherization materials, or to include other factors in the formula. In the or to include other factors in the formula. In the
116th117th Congress, several bills would make Congress, several bills would make
changes changes
to the WAP. These include increasing the authorized appropriations for the program, increasing per dwelling funding limits, establishing a timeline for disbursement of allocated funds to states, and directing a percentage of funds to be apportioned to environmental justice communitiesto the WAP. These include directing DOE to take into consideration “improvements in the health and safety of occupants” of weatherized dwellings, reauthorizing WAP, increasing the authorized annual appropriation for the program, and establishing a timeline for disbursement of allocated funds to states, among other proposals. , among other proposals.
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22 26 The Weatherization Assistance Program Formula
Contents
Introduction to the Weatherization Assistance Program .................................................................. 1
Statutory Authority for Allocation.............Al ocation ................................................................................ 12
WAP’s Program Allocation ............................................................................................................. 2
Development of the Program Allocation Procedures ........Al ocation Procedures........................................................ 3
1984 Formula Allocation .................................................................................................... 3
1995 Formula Allocation .................................................................................................... 3
FY2020 Allocation 4
FY2021 Al ocation .................................................................................................................... 4
The Base Allocation ........................................................................................................................ 5
The Formula Allocation ........... 5 The Formula Allocation ........................................................................................................ 5
Factor 1: Population .................................................................................................................. 5
Factor 2: Climate .......... 6 Factor 2: Climate ............................................................................................................. 6
Factor 3: Residential Energy Expenditure......... ........................................................................ 7
Potential Issues for Congress............... ............................................................................................ 78
Tables
Table A-1. Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP): State Allocations: FY2010-
FY2020 .......Al ocations: FY2020-
FY2021 ................................................................................................................................ 10
Table A-2. Table A-2. Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP): State Allocations: FY2001-
FY2009 ARRA ................................Al ocations:
FY2010-FY2019 ........................................................................................................ 14
Table A-3. Table A-3. Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP): State Al ocations:
FY2001-FY2009 ARRA........................................................................................... 14... 18
Table B-1. Base Allocation Table from 10 C.F.R. §440.10 ........................................................... 18 22
Appendixes
Appendix A. State Total Allocations, FY2001-FY2020 .....FY2021 ........................................................... 10
Appendix B. Base Allocation ........................................................................................................ 18 22
Contacts
Author Information ........................................................................................................................ 19 23
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The Weatherization Assistance Program Formula
Introduction to the Weatherization Assistance
Program
The Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) was established in 1976 under Title IV of the The Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) was established in 1976 under Title IV of the
Energy Conservation and Production Act (ECPA, P.L. 94-385, 42 U.S.C. §6861 et seq.). The Energy Conservation and Production Act (ECPA, P.L. 94-385, 42 U.S.C. §6861 et seq.). The
WAP enables low-income families to permanently reduce their energy consumption by making WAP enables low-income families to permanently reduce their energy consumption by making
their households more energy efficient.1 It is a formula grant program: funding flows from the their households more energy efficient.1 It is a formula grant program: funding flows from the
Department of Energy (DOE) to state governments (including territories, beginning in 2007) and Department of Energy (DOE) to state governments (including territories, beginning in 2007) and
then to local governments and weatherization agencies. DOE program guidelines specify that a then to local governments and weatherization agencies. DOE program guidelines specify that a
variety of energy efficiency measures are eligible for support under the program. The measures variety of energy efficiency measures are eligible for support under the program. The measures
include insulation, space-heating equipment, energy-efficient windows, water heaters, and include insulation, space-heating equipment, energy-efficient windows, water heaters, and
efficient air conditioners.efficient air conditioners.
Currently, DOE employs a formula to allocate WAP funding to states, the District of Columbia,
The Energy Act of 2020 (Division Z, P.L. 116-260) amended the program and reauthorized
annual appropriations from FY2021 through FY2025. The act clarified that renewable energy technologies and other advanced technologies are considered to be weatherization materials (42 U.S.C. §6862(9)). The act also amended section 413(b) of EPCA (42 U.S.C. §6863(b)) to authorize DOE to account for the non-energy benefits of weatherization improvements—such as improvements to health and safety—when determining appropriate standards and procedures for
WAP. The act added a section 414(c) of EPCA (42 U.S.C. §6864c) stating that the Secretary may request that grant recipients review and encourage the expanded use of private contractors. A new section 414(d) authorized the creation of a new financial assistance program for WAP enhancement and innovation. Other changes include increasing the amount of a WAP grant that can be used for administration purposes from 10% to 15% and changing the eligibility
requirements for reweatherization of any dwel ing to 15 years after the previous weatherization
was completed.
Currently, DOE employs a formula to al ocate WAP funding to states, the District of Columbia,
and territories (hereinafter referred to as states and territories). Each state and territory, in turn, and territories (hereinafter referred to as states and territories). Each state and territory, in turn,
decides how to decides how to
allocateal ocate its share of the funding to local governments and jurisdictions.2 Funds its share of the funding to local governments and jurisdictions.2 Funds
made availablemade available
to the states are to the states are
allocatedal ocated to local governments and nonprofit agencies for to local governments and nonprofit agencies for
purchasing and purchasing and
installinginstal ing energy efficiency materials, such as insulation, and for making energy- energy efficiency materials, such as insulation, and for making energy-
related repairs.3 Funds for tribes are included in a state’s formula related repairs.3 Funds for tribes are included in a state’s formula
allocationsal ocations. With a few . With a few
exceptions, funds for tribes are distributed at the state level. exceptions, funds for tribes are distributed at the state level.
This report discusses the formula that is used to
This report discusses the formula that is used to
allocateal ocate WAP funds to state governments. The WAP funds to state governments. The
formula formula
allocational ocation has changed over time. The report begins with an introduction to WAP, has changed over time. The report begins with an introduction to WAP,
including the program’s statutory authority, current including the program’s statutory authority, current
allocational ocation procedure, and origin and procedure, and origin and
evolution. Next, the report discusses the specific methods and factors for distributing WAP funds evolution. Next, the report discusses the specific methods and factors for distributing WAP funds
to the states, which involve a base allocation and a formula allocation. The report concludes with a discussion of issues for Congress and identifies some related legislation introduced in the 116th Congress.
Statutory Authority for Allocation
Under current law, DOE allocates weatherization assistance funds to states and territories, taking into account several factors. Section 414 of ECPA (42 U.S.C. 6864(a)) mandates that the funding allocation be based on “the relative need for weatherization assistance among low-income persons.” Other factors specified in Section 414 include:
“the number of dwelling units to be weatherized”;
1 The
1 T he federal WAP statute states that the primary purpose of the program is “to increase the energy efficiency of federal WAP statute states that the primary purpose of the program is “to increase the energy efficiency of
dwellingsdwellings
owned or occupied by low-income persons, reduce their total residential energy expenditures, and improve owned or occupied by low-income persons, reduce their total residential energy expenditures, and improve
their health and safety, especially low-income persons who are particularly vulnerable suchtheir health and safety, especially low-income persons who are particularly vulnerable such
as the elderly, the as the elderly, the
handicapped, andhandicapped, and
children.” Seechildren.” See
42 U.S.C.42 U.S.C.
§6861. §6861.
2 Administrative rules, eligibility standards, the types of aid, and benefit levels are primarily decided2 Administrative rules, eligibility standards, the types of aid, and benefit levels are primarily decided
at the state level. at the state level.
Eligibility isEligibility is
automatically given to applicants receiving automatically given to applicants receiving
TemporaryT emporary Assistance to Needy Families or Supplemental Assistance to Needy Families or Supplemental
Security Income. Also, if a state elects, program eligibility can extended to a household that meets Low Income Home Security Income. Also, if a state elects, program eligibility can extended to a household that meets Low Income Home
Energy Assistance Program eligibility criteria. Energy Assistance Program eligibility criteria.
3 Most of the grantees are state-designated community action agencies, which administer multiple types of social 3 Most of the grantees are state-designated community action agencies, which administer multiple types of social
service grants for low-income persons. No more than 10% of grant funds allocated to states may be usedservice grants for low-income persons. No more than 10% of grant funds allocated to states may be used
for for
administration according to 42 U.S.C.administration according to 42 U.S.C.
§6865. §6865.
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The Weatherization Assistance Program Formula
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to the states, which involve a base al ocation and a formula al ocation. The report concludes with a discussion of issues for Congress and identifies some related legislation introduced in the 117th
Congress.
Statutory Authority for Allocation Under current law, DOE al ocates weatherization assistance funds to states and territories, taking into account several factors. Section 414 of ECPA (42 U.S.C. 6864(a)) mandates that the funding al ocation be based on “the relative need for weatherization assistance among low-income
persons.” Other factors specified in Section 414 include:
“the number of dwel ing units to be weatherized”; “the climatic conditions in the state [or territory] respecting energy conservation, “the climatic conditions in the state [or territory] respecting energy conservation,
which may include consideration of annual degree days”;
which may include consideration of annual degree days”;
“the type of weatherization work to be done in various settings”; and
“the type of weatherization work to be done in various settings”; and
“such other factors as the Secretary [of DOE] may determine necessary, such as “such other factors as the Secretary [of DOE] may determine necessary, such as
the cost of heating and cooling, in order to carry out the purpose and provisions
the cost of heating and cooling, in order to carry out the purpose and provisions
of this part.” of this part.”
DOE is required to
DOE is required to
annuallyannual y update the data used in the update the data used in the
allocational ocation of funds.4 of funds.4
WAP’s Program Allocation
Funds for WAP are directed to several activities. DOE reserves some funds for national training Funds for WAP are directed to several activities. DOE reserves some funds for national training
and technical assistance (T&TA) activities that benefit and technical assistance (T&TA) activities that benefit
all al states and territories. DOE states and territories. DOE
allocates al ocates
funding for T&TA activities at both the state and local levels. The total funding for national, state, funding for T&TA activities at both the state and local levels. The total funding for national, state,
and local T&TA is limited to 10% of an annual appropriation.5and local T&TA is limited to 10% of an annual appropriation.5
The remaining funds comprise the total
The remaining funds comprise the total
allocational ocation to state programs. The program to state programs. The program
allocation al ocation
consists of two parts: the base consists of two parts: the base
allocational ocation and the formula and the formula
allocational ocation. The base . The base
allocational ocation for each for each
state is fixed, but the amount differs for each state. The fixed base was intended to prevent large state is fixed, but the amount differs for each state. The fixed base was intended to prevent large
swings from previous swings from previous
allocationsal ocations which could disrupt a state’s program operations. which could disrupt a state’s program operations.
A state or territory’s program
A state or territory’s program
allocational ocation for a given year is determined using one of two methods for a given year is determined using one of two methods
and is dependent upon WAP’s annual appropriation by Congress.6 If the total program and is dependent upon WAP’s annual appropriation by Congress.6 If the total program
allocational ocation is at or above $209,724,761 (referred to as the threshold amount),7 DOE determines program is at or above $209,724,761 (referred to as the threshold amount),7 DOE determines program
allocationsal ocations for states and territories according to a base for states and territories according to a base
allocational ocation and a formula and a formula
allocational ocation, which , which
is expressed is expressed
mathematicallymathematical y as:
Program Allocation = Base Allocation + Formula Allocation
4 See 42 U.S.C. 6864(c). 5 T he American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (P.L. 111-5) allowed the T &T A share to increase temporarily to 20%. 6 T hese methods are described in an interim rule that was published as:
Program Allocation = Base Allocation + Formula Allocation
For total program allocations below $209,724,761, DOE determines allocations for states and territories according to an allocation of $209,724,761 less the percentage decrease of the total program allocation from the threshold. For example, if the total program allocation were 10% below $209,724,761, then the program allocation for each state or territory would be 10% less than the program allocation as determined for $209,724,761. Both the base allocation and formula allocation would be reduced by the same proportion (10%). According to DOE, “this approach distributes the effect of lower appropriations equitably.”8
4 See 42 U.S.C. 6864(c). 5 The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (P.L. 111-5) allowed the T&TA share to increase temporarily to 20%.
6 These methods are described in an interim rule that was published and later finalized in the and later finalized in the
Federal Register in 1995. in 1995.
For interim rule, see Department of Energy, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60For interim rule, see Department of Energy, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60
Federal Register 29469-29481, June 5, 1995. For final rule, see Department 29469-29481, June 5, 1995. For final rule, see Department
ofo f Energy, “ Energy, “
Weatherization Assistance Weatherization Assistance
Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60
Federal Register 64314-64315, December 15, 1995. 64314-64315, December 15, 1995.
7 See
7 See
10 C.F.R. §440.10. 10 C.F.R. §440.10.
TheT he threshold amount, $209,724,761, is based upon the appropriation of $226,800,000 for the threshold amount, $209,724,761, is based upon the appropriation of $226,800,000 for the
WAP in FY1995 under P.L. 103-332. After reserving funds for DOE and state and territory TWAP in FY1995 under P.L. 103-332. After reserving funds for DOE and state and territory T
&TA, total program &TA, total program
allocations were $209,724,761 for FY1995. The threshold amount is not adjusted for inflation. allocations were $209,724,761 for FY1995. The threshold amount is not adjusted for inflation.
8 See Department of Energy, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60 Federal Register 29479, June 5, 1995; Testimony of Annamaria Garcia, Director of the Office of Weatherization and Intergovernmental Programs at the U.S. Department of Energy, in U.S. Congress, House Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development, Department of Energy’s Weatherization Assistance Program, hearings, 116th Congress, 1st session, February 12, 2019, p.3, http://docs.house.gov/meetings/AP/AP10/20190213/108877/HHRG-116-AP10-
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For total program al ocations below $209,724,761, DOE determines al ocations for states and territories according to an al ocation of $209,724,761 less the percentage decrease of the total program al ocation from the threshold. For example, if the total program al ocation were 10% below $209,724,761, then the program al ocation for each state or territory would be 10% less than the program al ocation as determined for $209,724,761. Both the base al ocation and formula al ocation would be reduced by the same proportion (10%). According to DOE, “this approach
distributes the effect of lower appropriations equitably.”8
Development of the Program Allocation Procedures
As the WAP developed, DOE changed the procedures for state As the WAP developed, DOE changed the procedures for state
allocational ocation of WAP funds. Two of WAP funds. Two
formula formula
allocational ocation procedures are discussed—those developed in 1984 and in 1995. The 1995 procedures are discussed—those developed in 1984 and in 1995. The 1995
procedures remain in effect today. The current state procedures remain in effect today. The current state
allocational ocation consists of two parts: a fixed consists of two parts: a fixed
amount of money derived from a state’s FY1993 amount of money derived from a state’s FY1993
allocational ocation as determined by WAP, and an as determined by WAP, and an
additional amount of money—referred to as the formula additional amount of money—referred to as the formula
allocational ocation. The FY1993 . The FY1993
allocational ocation was was
determined according to the formula determined according to the formula
allocational ocation procedures developed in 1984.9 procedures developed in 1984.9
1984 Formula Allocation
In 1984, DOE developed and published standard procedures for
In 1984, DOE developed and published standard procedures for
allocatingal ocating funds within the funds within the
WAP.10 DOE divided the first $5.1 WAP.10 DOE divided the first $5.1
millionmil ion of appropriated funds of appropriated funds
equallyequal y among the states with an among the states with an
additional $100,000 additional $100,000
allocatedal ocated to Alaska. The remaining funds available for to Alaska. The remaining funds available for
allocational ocation to the states to the states
would be dispersed according to a formula. This formula would be dispersed according to a formula. This formula
allocational ocation emphasized heating demand, emphasized heating demand,
resulting in warmer weather states receiving less funds than colder weather states. In the formula, resulting in warmer weather states receiving less funds than colder weather states. In the formula,
the square of the number of heating degree days in a state and the square of the number of cooling the square of the number of heating degree days in a state and the square of the number of cooling
degree days in a state were each multiplied by the percentage of total residential energy used for degree days in a state were each multiplied by the percentage of total residential energy used for
space heating or cooling, respectively, and then summed.11 As households space heating or cooling, respectively, and then summed.11 As households
typicallytypical y use more use more
energy for heating than cooling, this formula tended to favor states in colder climates (with more energy for heating than cooling, this formula tended to favor states in colder climates (with more
heating degree days). In addition, DOE retained the option to reduce or increase the heating degree days). In addition, DOE retained the option to reduce or increase the
allocational ocation for for
a state depending upon the likelihooda state depending upon the likelihood
of a state to expend funds.12
8 See Department of Energy, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60 Federal Register 29479, June 5, 1995; T estimony of Annamaria Garcia, Director of the Office of Weatherization and Intergovernmental Programs at the U.S. Department of Energy, in U.S. Congress, House Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development, Departm ent of Energy’s Weatherization Assistance Program , hearings, 116th Congress, 1st session, February 12, 2019, p.3, http://docs.house.gov/meetings/AP/AP10/20190213/108877/HHRG-116-AP10-of a state to expend funds.12
1995 Formula Allocation
The State Energy Efficiency Program Improvement Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-440) directed DOE to review the formula allocation. Some were concerned that the formula favored northern states over southern and western states. According to the Senate committee report for S. 247 (S.Rept. 101-235), enacted as P.L. 101-440:13
Wstate-GarciaA-20190213.pdf. Wstate-GarciaA-20190213.pdf.
9 According to Department of Energy (DOE), “the proposed formula as a whole
9 According to Department of Energy (DOE), “the proposed formula as a whole
balances congressional intent of balances congressional intent of
maintaining program capacity and apportioning funds more equitablymaintaining program capacity and apportioning funds more equitably
among the States. Under the formula, no State among the States. Under the formula, no State
loses more than one-half of one percent of FY1994 funds unless total program allocations fall belowloses more than one-half of one percent of FY1994 funds unless total program allocations fall below
$220 million. All $220 million. All
States gain when fundsStates gain when funds
rise above this amount.” DOE, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” rise above this amount.” DOE, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,”
60 60
Federal Register 29471, June 5, 1995. 29471, June 5, 1995.
10 DOE, “Weatherization Assistance for Low-Income Persons,” 4910 DOE, “Weatherization Assistance for Low-Income Persons,” 49
Federal Register 3441-3638, January 27, 1984. 3441-3638, January 27, 1984.
11 A heating degree day11 A heating degree day
(HDD) is(HDD) is
a measurement designeda measurement designed
to quantify the demand for energy neededto quantify the demand for energy needed
to heat a building to heat a building
and is typically determined as the number of degreesand is typically determined as the number of degrees
that a day’s average temperature is belowthat a day’s average temperature is below
65o Fahrenheit. A 65o Fahrenheit. A
cooling degree day (CDD) iscooling degree day (CDD) is
a measurement designeda measurement designed
to quantify the demand for energy neededto quantify the demand for energy needed
to cool a buildingto cool a building
and and
is typically determined as the number of degreesis typically determined as the number of degrees
that a day’s average temperature is above 65o Fahrenheit. that a day’s average temperature is above 65o Fahrenheit.
12 DOE stated that in determining whether funds should
12 DOE stated that in determining whether funds should
be reduced,be reduced,
“DOE will“DOE will
consider the amount of unexpended consider the amount of unexpended
financial assistance currently available to a grantee underfinancial assistance currently available to a grantee under
this part and the number of dwellingthis part and the number of dwelling
units which remain to be units which remain to be
weatherized with the unexpended financial assistance.” For increased funds,weatherized with the unexpended financial assistance.” For increased funds,
DOE wouldDOE would
determine the amount that determine the amount that
“the grantee can expend to weatherize additional dwelling“the grantee can expend to weatherize additional dwelling
units duringunits during
the budgetthe budget
period for which financial assistance period for which financial assistance
is to be awarded.”is to be awarded.”
See See DOE, “Weatherization Assistance for Low-Income Persons,” 49DOE, “Weatherization Assistance for Low-Income Persons,” 49
Federal Register 3631, January 3631, January
27, 1984.
13 U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Subcommittee on Energy Regulation and Conservation, State Energy Conservation Programs Improvement Act of 1989, hearing on S. 247, 101st Cong., 1st sess., May 2, 1989, pp. 156-158.
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The Committee intends that there be a more equitable distribution of Federal
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1995 Formula Allocation
The State Energy Efficiency Program Improvement Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-440) directed DOE to review the formula al ocation. Some were concerned that the formula favored northern states over southern and western states. According to the Senate committee report for S. 247 (S.Rept. 101-
235), enacted as P.L. 101-440:13
The Committee intends that there be a more equitable distribution of Federal financial financial
assistance among the States than presently exists. The current formula’s squaring of heating assistance among the States than presently exists. The current formula’s squaring of heating
and cooling degree days does not appear to provide for an equitable national distribution and cooling degree days does not appear to provide for an equitable national distribution
of available federal funds among low-income households. By requiring a repromulgation of available federal funds among low-income households. By requiring a repromulgation
ofof
the formula, the Committee intends to achieve a more equitable distribution of the formula, the Committee intends to achieve a more equitable distribution of such such
WAP funds based on the nationwide low-income population. WAP funds based on the nationwide low-income population.
In this regard, the Secretary shall determine whether, in fact, the current formula’s squaring
In this regard, the Secretary shall determine whether, in fact, the current formula’s squaring
ofof
heating and cooling degree days unfairly favors certain States, and, if so, shall take immediate steps to change the allocation formula to reflect a more equitable heating and cooling degree days unfairly favors certain States, and, if so, shall take immediate steps to change the allocation formula to reflect a more equitable national national
distribution of funds among low-income households. In this regard, the Committee intends distribution of funds among low-income households. In this regard, the Committee intends
that the Secretary, in consultation with the State Advisory Board established under the Act, that the Secretary, in consultation with the State Advisory Board established under the Act,
developdevelop
a new formula and criteria for determininga new formula and criteria for determining
the mostthe most
equitable equitable methods of methods of
allocating weatherization funds based on low income population, number of heating and allocating weatherization funds based on low income population, number of heating and
cooling days, the relative costs of heating and cooling, and the annual costs incurred by cooling days, the relative costs of heating and cooling, and the annual costs incurred by
low-income households for heating and cooling.14low-income households for heating and cooling.14
DOE undertook a rulemaking, and published the final rule in 1995.15 This formula
DOE undertook a rulemaking, and published the final rule in 1995.15 This formula
allocation al ocation
remains in effect. remains in effect.
FY2020FY2021 Allocation
DOE determines the annual funding DOE determines the annual funding
allocational ocation or “total program or “total program
allocational ocation” for weatherization ” for weatherization
assistance for each state and territory from “the annual appropriation [by Congress] less funds assistance for each state and territory from “the annual appropriation [by Congress] less funds
reserved for training and technical assistance.”16 For fiscal year (FY) reserved for training and technical assistance.”16 For fiscal year (FY)
20202021, weatherization , weatherization
received $received $
308.5 million315.0 mil ion in total appropriations, of which $ in total appropriations, of which $
305.0 million310.0 mil ion went to WAP and $ went to WAP and $
3.5 million 5.0 mil ion for T&TA activities at DOE headquarters.17 Of the total appropriations, DOE was directed for T&TA activities at DOE headquarters.17 Of the total appropriations, DOE was directed
to make $1 mil ion available for grant recipients that have previously worked through the weatherization innovation pilot program (WIPP) “to implement and demonstrate programs to treat harmful substances, including vermiculite, at the state and regional level.”18 Within available funds, DOE reserved $18.6 mil ion to be made available via the WIPP for innovation and $6.2
27, 1984.
13 U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Subcommittee on Energy Regulation and Conservation, State Energy Conservation Program s Im provem ent Act of 1989, hearing on S. 247, 101st Cong., 1st sess., May 2, 1989, pp. 156-158. 14 U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, to make $1 million available for a weatherization innovation pilot program. In addition, DOE reserved $6.1 million to make funding available for Sustainable Energy Resources for Consumers (SERC) Grants and allocated an additional $0.8 million for for formula grant performance tracking.18 DOE also reallocated $5 million of prior year funds to the program. Altogether, $302.1 million was available to states and territories for FY2020, with $249.2 million available for the total program allocation and nearly $52.9 million for T&TA activities.19 For FY2020, the total program allocation was above the threshold.
14 U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, State Energy Efficiency Improvement Act of
1989, report to accompany S. 247, 101st Cong., 1st sess., January 10, 1988, S.Rept. 101-235, p. 19. , report to accompany S. 247, 101st Cong., 1st sess., January 10, 1988, S.Rept. 101-235, p. 19.
15 For the final rule, see
15 For the final rule, see
Department of Energy, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60Department of Energy, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60
Federal Register 64314-64315, December 15, 1995. For the interim rule, which describes64314-64315, December 15, 1995. For the interim rule, which describes
the formula allocation, see the formula allocation, see
Department of Energy, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60 Department of Energy, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60
Federal Register 29469- 29469-
29481, June 5, 1995. 29481, June 5, 1995.
16 See16 See
definition for “total program allocation” under 10 C.F.R. §440.3. definition for “total program allocation” under 10 C.F.R. §440.3.
17 See17 See
Joint Explanatory Statement, Division Explanatory Statement, Division
C, Energy and Water Development and Related AgenciesD, Consolidated Appropriations Act, Appropriations Act,
2020 (2021 ( P.L. 116-P.L. 116-
94260), https://docs.house.gov/billsthisweek/), https://docs.house.gov/billsthisweek/
20191216/BILLS-116HR1865SA20201221/BILLS-116RCP68-JES-DIVISION--JES-DIVISION-
CD.pdf..pdf.
18 Section 411 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007, P.L. 110-140) stipulates that WAP funds may be used to award Sustainable Energy Resources for Consumers (SERC) grants only when WAP funding for a given fiscal year is at or above $275 million. EISA 2007 also directs DOE to limit SERC grant funding to 2% of WAP funds; therefore for FY2020, SERC funds are limited to no more than $6.1 million (or 2% of $305 million). In addition, DOE also allocated $800,000 in FY2020 WAP funds to formula grant performance tracking. Communication between the author and DOE’s Office of Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs, May 11, 2020. 19 DOE reserved nearly $52.9 million for T&TA activities for states and territories, which is less than the 20% that DOE may reserve for grantees per 42 U.S.C. §6866. See DOE, “Program Year 2020 Grantee Allocations,” Weatherization Program Notice, February 10, 2020, https://www.energy.gov/eere/wipo/downloads/wpn-20-2-program-
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Appendix A provides annual allocation information for states, territories, and tribes for FY2001 through FY2020; the allocations vary from year to year and reflect changes in funding levels for the WAP and DOE allocations
18 Ibid., p. 78.
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mil ion to make funding available for Sustainable Energy Resources for Consumers (SERC) Grants and al ocated an additional $0.8 mil ion for cross-cutting activities.19 Altogether, $283.4 mil ion was available to states and territories for FY2021, with $233.8 mil ion available for the total program al ocation and nearly $49.6 mil ion for T&TA activities.20 For FY2021, the total
program al ocation was above the threshold.
Appendix A provides annual al ocation information for states, territories, and tribes for FY2001 through FY2021; the al ocations vary from year to year and reflect changes in funding levels for
the WAP and DOE al ocations for program funds and T&TA funds. for program funds and T&TA funds.
The Base Allocation
The The
base allocation is a fixed amount of annual funding that each state and territory receives is a fixed amount of annual funding that each state and territory receives
from appropriated sums for weatherization assistance from DOE.from appropriated sums for weatherization assistance from DOE.
2021 The fixed amount differs for The fixed amount differs for
each state and territory and was based upon the each state and territory and was based upon the
allocationsal ocations for FY1993 as determined by DOE for FY1993 as determined by DOE
according to a previous formula.according to a previous formula.
21 Base allocations22 Base al ocations, which total $171,858,000, are listed in Table , which total $171,858,000, are listed in Table
1 of 10 C.F.R. §440.10(b)(1). This table is included 1 of 10 C.F.R. §440.10(b)(1). This table is included
in the Error! Reference source not found. forin Appendix B for reference. reference.
The Formula Allocation
State and territory formula State and territory formula
allocationsal ocations are determined from the difference between the total are determined from the difference between the total
program program
allocational ocation and the total base and the total base
allocational ocation of $171,858,000. This difference can be of $171,858,000. This difference can be
considered to be the total availableconsidered to be the total available
funds for formula funds for formula
allocational ocation. For example, in FY2020, the . For example, in FY2020, the
total availabletotal available
funds for formula funds for formula
allocational ocation was $77,374,500 (the difference between the FY2020 was $77,374,500 (the difference between the FY2020
total program total program
allocational ocation—$249,232,500—and the base —$249,232,500—and the base
allocational ocation—$171,858,000). The —$171,858,000). The
formula
allocation for each state or territory is determined by multiplying the total available for each state or territory is determined by multiplying the total available
funds for funds for
formula formula
allocational ocation by a state or territory’s formula share. The state formula by a state or territory’s formula share. The state formula
allocation is expressed mathematicallyal ocation is
expressed mathematical y as: as:
State Formula Allocation = Total Funds for Formula Allocation × State Formula Share
State Formula Allocation = Total Funds for Formula Allocation × State Formula Share
The formula share is the product of three factors—population, climate, and residential energy
The formula share is the product of three factors—population, climate, and residential energy
expenditures—normalized by the national total of the product of each state’s three factors. expenditures—normalized by the national total of the product of each state’s three factors.
Factor 1: Population
The population factor (Factor 1) is the percentage of the U.S. low-income households in each state or territory. The formula gives equal weight to owners and renters. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA, P.L. 111-5 §407a) revised the program guidelines to raise the low-income eligibility ceiling from 150% to 200% of the poverty level.22
The U.S. Energy Information Administration’s (EIA’s) 2009 Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) estimated that there were 113.6 million households in the United States.23 Of the
year-2020-grantee-allocations.
20 See 10 C.F.R. §440.10(b)(1). 21 In 1995, DOE issued an interim rule (which was
19 Section 411 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007, P.L. 110-140) stipulates that WAP funds may be used to award Sustainable Energy Resources for Consumers (SERC) grants only when WAP funding for a given fiscal year is at or above $275 million . EISA 2007 also directs DOE to limit SERC grant funding to 2% of WAP funds; therefore for FY2021, SERC funds are limited to no more than $6.2 million (or 2% of $310 mil lion). In addition, DOE also allocated $825,000 in FY2021 WAP funds for cross-cutting activities. DOE, “ Program Year 2021 Grantee Allocations,” Weatherization Program Notice, January 21, 2021, https://www.energy.gov/eere/wap/downloads/weatherization-program-notice-21-2-program-year-2021-grantee-allocations.
20 DOE reserved nearly $52.9 million for T &TA activities for states and territories, which is less than the 20% that DOE may reserve for grantees per 42 U.S.C. §6866. See DOE, “ Program Year 2020 Grantee Allocations,” Weatherization Program Notice, February 10, 2020, https://www.energy.gov/eere/wipo/downloads/wpn-20-2-program-year-2020-grantee-allocations.
21 See 10 C.F.R. §440.10(b)(1). 22 In 1995, DOE issued an interim rule (which was later finalized) that established an updated allocation formula “to later finalized) that established an updated allocation formula “to
provide warmer-weather States a greater share of the funding, whileprovide warmer-weather States a greater share of the funding, while
protecting the Program capacity developed over protecting the Program capacity developed over
the years by colder-weather States.” Seethe years by colder-weather States.” See
Department of Energy, “Department of Energy, “
Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income
Persons,” 60Persons,” 60
Federal Register 29470, June 5, 1995. 29470, June 5, 1995.
22 At the time of the 1995 rulemaking for the formula allocation, the low-income eligibility ceiling was 125% of the poverty level. The number of low-income households used in the rulemaking was obtained from a special tabulation of Census data completed by the Bureau of the Census for the Department of Energy.
23 Of the 113.6 million households, EIA reported that 16.9 million households were below the poverty line in 2009. EIA, “Table HC9.2 Household Demographics of U.S. Homes, by Owner/Renter Status, 2009,” 2009 RECS Survey Data, https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2009/#house.
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113.6 million households, approximately 39.5 million households (or nearly 35%) were federally eligible
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Factor 1: Population The population factor (Factor 1) is the percentage of the U.S. low-income households in each
state or territory. The formula gives equal weight to owners and renters. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA, P.L. 111-5 §407a) revised the program guidelines to raise
the low-income eligibility ceiling from 150% to 200% of the poverty level.23
The U.S. Energy Information Administration’s (EIA’s) 2009 Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) estimated that there were 113.6 mil ion households in the United States.24 Of the 113.6 mil ion households, approximately 39.5 mil ion households (or nearly 35%) were federal y eligible for weatherization assistance. The distribution of low-income households in the United for weatherization assistance. The distribution of low-income households in the United
States in 2009 was “in roughly the same proportions as the non-low-income population, with States in 2009 was “in roughly the same proportions as the non-low-income population, with
approximately 16% in the Northeast, 23% in the Midwest, 41% in the South, and 20% in the approximately 16% in the Northeast, 23% in the Midwest, 41% in the South, and 20% in the
West.”West.”
2425 EIA’s 2015 RECS—with the most recent survey data—estimated that the total number EIA’s 2015 RECS—with the most recent survey data—estimated that the total number
of households has increased in the United States to 118.2 of households has increased in the United States to 118.2
million.25mil ion.26 Although CRS did not Although CRS did not
identify a source for the number of households that were eligible for weatherization assistance in identify a source for the number of households that were eligible for weatherization assistance in
2015, EIA’s 2015 RECS did estimate that 37.0 2015, EIA’s 2015 RECS did estimate that 37.0
millionmil ion of the 118.2 of the 118.2
million mil ion households in the households in the
United States experienced energy insecurity.United States experienced energy insecurity.
26 27
Factor 2: Climate
The climate factor (Factor 2) accounts for the variation in climatic conditions that can affect The climate factor (Factor 2) accounts for the variation in climatic conditions that can affect
household energy consumption (i.e., energy demand for heating and cooling). The factor accounts household energy consumption (i.e., energy demand for heating and cooling). The factor accounts
for the energy needed for heating and cooling in a proportional manner. The factor relies upon 30-for the energy needed for heating and cooling in a proportional manner. The factor relies upon 30-
year averages of heating degree days and cooling degree days as reported by the National year averages of heating degree days and cooling degree days as reported by the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). According to NOAA, the 30-year averages Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). According to NOAA, the 30-year averages
are updated once every 10 years.28 In May 2021, NOAA published 30-year climate normals for the period from 1991 through 2020.29 A heatingare updated once every 10 years.27 A heating degree day (HDD) is a measurement designed to quantify the demand for energy needed to heat a building and is typically determined as the number of degrees that a day’s average temperature is below 65o Fahrenheit. A cooling degree degree
day (day (
CDDHDD) is a measurement designed to quantify the demand for energy needed to ) is a measurement designed to quantify the demand for energy needed to
coolheat a a
building and is building and is
typicallytypical y determined as the number of degrees that a day’s average temperature is determined as the number of degrees that a day’s average temperature is
above 65o Fahrenheit. Factor 2 is the sum of the HDD ratio (a state HDD divided by the national median HDD) and the CDD ratio (a state CDD divided by the national median CDD multiplied by 0.1) for each state or territory, treating the energy needed for heating and cooling in a proportional manner. Mathematically, Factor 2 is expressed as:
State HDD
𝑆𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝐶𝐷𝐷
Factor 2=
+ (
× 0.1)
National Median HDD
𝑁𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝐶𝐷𝐷
Including 0.1 in the CDD ratio—according to the 1995 interim rule—accounted for the difference in national energy consumption data between heating and cooling. According to 1990 data from EIA, national heating consumption equaled 4.79 quadrillion Btu while air conditioning consumption equaled 0.49 quadrillion Btu.28 At the time, heating consumed approximately 10 times more energy than air conditioning; however, according to the 2015 RECS, EIA estimates national heating energy consumption has declined to 3.95 quadrillion Btu while national air
24 Eisenberg, Joel, Weatherization Assistance Program Technical Memorandum Background Data and Statistics On
Low-Income Energy Use and Burdens, ORNL/TM-2014/133, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, April 2014, p. 3.
25 EIA updated the RECS below 65o Fahrenheit. A cooling degree
23 At the time of the 1995 rulemaking for the formula allocation, the low-income eligibility ceiling was 125% of the poverty level. T he number of low-income households used in the rulemaking was obtained from a special tabulation of Census data completed by the Bureau of the Census for the Department of Energy .
24 Of the 113.6 million households, EIA reported that 16.9 million households were below the poverty line in 2009. EIA, “T able HC9.2 Household Demographics of U.S. Homes, by Owner/Renter Status, 2009 ,” 2009 RECS Survey Data, https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2009/#house. 25 Eisenberg, Joel, Weatherization Assistance Program Technical Memorandum Background Data and Statistics On Low-Incom e Energy Use and Burdens, ORNL/T M-2014/133, Oak Ridge, T ennessee, April 2014 , p. 3.
26 EIA updated the RECS in 2017 (with data from 2015); see https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2015/in 2017 (with data from 2015); see https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2015/
hc/php/hc9.5.php. hc/php/hc9.5.php.
2627 Household energy insecurity refers to those households that experienced at least one of the following issues Household energy insecurity refers to those households that experienced at least one of the following issues
collected collected
in the survey: (1) reducingin the survey: (1) reducing
or forgoing food or medicine to pay energy costs, (2) leaving the home at an unhealthy or forgoing food or medicine to pay energy costs, (2) leaving the home at an unhealthy
temperature, (3) receiving a disconnect or delivery stop notice, (4) unable to use heating equipment, or (5) unable to use temperature, (3) receiving a disconnect or delivery stop notice, (4) unable to use heating equipment, or (5) unable to use
cooling equipment. EIA, “cooling equipment. EIA, “
Table T able HC11.1 Household Energy Insecurity, 2015,” 2015 RECS Survey HC11.1 Household Energy Insecurity, 2015,” 2015 RECS Survey
Data, Data,
https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2015/hc/php/hc11.1.php. https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2015/hc/php/hc11.1.php.
27 The 1981–201028 T he 1991–2020 U.S. Climate Normals dataset is U.S. Climate Normals dataset is
the latest release of Climate Normals by the National Centers for the latest release of Climate Normals by the National Centers for
Environmental Information (NCEI); see https://www.Environmental Information (NCEI); see https://www.
ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datatools/normals.
28 Data from Table 28 of EIA’s Household Energy Consumption and Expenditures 1990.
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conditioning energy consumption has increased to 0.73 quadrillion Btu.29 Using the data within ncei.noaa.gov/access/us-climate-normals/.
29 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, “NOAA Delivers New U.S. Climate Normals: Decadal update from NCEI gives forecasters and public latest averages from 1991 -2020,” press release, May 5, 2021, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/noaa-delivers-new-us-climate-normals.
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day (CDD) is a measurement designed to quantify the demand for energy needed to cool a building and is typical y determined as the number of degrees that a day’s average temperature is above 65o Fahrenheit. Factor 2 is the sum of the HDD ratio (a state HDD divided by the national median HDD) and the CDD ratio (a state CDD divided by the national median CDD multiplied by 0.1) for each state or territory, treating the energy needed for heating and cooling in a
proportional manner. Mathematical y, Factor 2 is expressed as:
State HDD
State CDD
Factor 2=
+ (
× 0.1)
National Median HDD
National Median CDD
Including 0.1 in the CDD ratio—according to the 1995 interim rule—accounted for the difference in national energy consumption data between heating and cooling. According to 1990 data from
EIA, national heating consumption equaled 4.79 quadril ion Btu while air conditioning consumption equaled 0.49 quadril ion Btu.30 At the time, heating consumed approximately 10 times more energy than air conditioning; however, according to the 2015 RECS, EIA estimates national heating energy consumption has declined to 3.95 quadril ion Btu while national air conditioning energy consumption has increased to 0.73 quadril ion Btu.31 Using the data within
the 2015 RECS, heating consumes approximately 5.4 times more energy than air conditioning. the 2015 RECS, heating consumes approximately 5.4 times more energy than air conditioning.
Factor 3: Residential Energy Expenditure
The residential energy expenditure factor (Factor 3) is an estimate of the residential energy The residential energy expenditure factor (Factor 3) is an estimate of the residential energy
expenditure (REE) for low-income households for a state or territory. Energy expenditures for expenditure (REE) for low-income households for a state or territory. Energy expenditures for
low-income households are not available at the state level. Further, EIA provides data for state low-income households are not available at the state level. Further, EIA provides data for state
residential energy consumption including expenditure data, but EIA does not distinguish between residential energy consumption including expenditure data, but EIA does not distinguish between
low-income households and other households. Therefore the factor is determined based on low-income households and other households. Therefore the factor is determined based on
publicly availablepublicly available
data from the U.S. Census Bureau. At the Census division level, residential data from the U.S. Census Bureau. At the Census division level, residential
energy expenditure data is availableenergy expenditure data is available
for the for the
overall overal population and for low-income households population and for low-income households
(referred to as “Division REE”).(referred to as “Division REE”).
3032 According to the 1995 interim rule, “the underlying assumption According to the 1995 interim rule, “the underlying assumption
in the calculation of State residential energy expenditures per low-income household is that the in the calculation of State residential energy expenditures per low-income household is that the
relationship between a State’s residential energy expenditures per household and its respective relationship between a State’s residential energy expenditures per household and its respective
divisional
divisional residential energy expenditures per household is the same for its low-income residential energy expenditures per household is the same for its low-income
population as it is for its general population.”population as it is for its general population.”
3133 For example, if an average household in a state For example, if an average household in a state
spends 50% more on residential energy than the average household in its Census division, then it spends 50% more on residential energy than the average household in its Census division, then it
is assumed that low-income households in the same state would also spend 50% more on is assumed that low-income households in the same state would also spend 50% more on
residential energy than the average low-income household in its Census division. To determine residential energy than the average low-income household in its Census division. To determine
Factor 3, the state or territory’s low-income household energy expenditures are normalized Factor 3, the state or territory’s low-income household energy expenditures are normalized
according to a national median low-income household energy expenditure. according to a national median low-income household energy expenditure.
Mathematically, Mathematical y,
Factor 3 is expressed as:
30 Data from T able 28 of EIA’s Household Energy Consumption and Expenditures 1990. 31 Data from T able CE3.1, “Annual Household Site End-Use Consumption in the U.S.—T otals and Averages, 2015,” RECS 2015. https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2015/index.php?view=consumption#by%20end%20uses.
32 T he Census Bureau established nine divisions, which are geographic groupings of states for the presentation of census data. T he current divisions are New England, Middle Atlantic, East North Central, West North Central, South Atlantic, East South Central, West South Central, Mountain, and Pacific. See https://factfinder.census.gov/help/en/division.htm. 33 See Department of Energy, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60 Federal Register 29477, June 5, 1995.
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Factor 3 is expressed as:
State REE ⁄ State Households
State REE ⁄ State Households
Division REE ⁄
× Division Low-Income REE
× Division Low-Income REE
Division REE ⁄
Division HouseholdsDivision Households
Factor 3 =
Factor 3 =
National Median REE
National Median REE
Potential Issues for Congress
Under the current procedure, the method of funding Under the current procedure, the method of funding
allocational ocation is dependent upon whether WAP’s is dependent upon whether WAP’s
annual appropriation is at or exceeds a monetary threshold, as discussed. An issue for Congress is annual appropriation is at or exceeds a monetary threshold, as discussed. An issue for Congress is
whether to maintain this approach and continue to direct the whether to maintain this approach and continue to direct the
allocational ocation procedure through annual procedure through annual
appropriations. Alternatively, Congress could amend the authorizing language to address concerns appropriations. Alternatively, Congress could amend the authorizing language to address concerns
regarding the current regarding the current
allocational ocation procedure. They center on whether adjustments are needed to procedure. They center on whether adjustments are needed to
account for changes in heating and cooling or to include other factors in the formula. Another account for changes in heating and cooling or to include other factors in the formula. Another
issue is sufficiency of appropriations for the program.issue is sufficiency of appropriations for the program.
Congress could direct DOE to examine the current
Congress could direct DOE to examine the current
allocational ocation formula and determine whether formula and determine whether
revisions to the current approach should be undertaken. Congress previously directed DOE to revisions to the current approach should be undertaken. Congress previously directed DOE to
revise the weatherization revise the weatherization
allocational ocation formula “in order to formula “in order to
allowal ow for a more equitable apportionment of funds while not harming the existing capacity of any State to weatherize
homes.”34 The DOE examination resulted in the 1995 rulemaking and current al ocation for a more equitable 29 Data from Table CE3.1, “Annual Household Site End-Use Consumption in the U.S.—Totals and Averages, 2015,” RECS 2015. https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2015/index.php?view=consumption#by%20end%20uses.
30 The Census Bureau established nine divisions, which are geographic groupings of states for the presentation of census data. The current divisions are New England, Middle Atlantic, East North Central, West North Central, South Atlantic, East South Central, West South Central, Mountain, and Pacific. See https://factfinder.census.gov/help/en/division.htm.
31 See Department of Energy, “Weatherization Assistance Program for Low-Income Persons,” 60 Federal Register 29477, June 5, 1995.
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apportionment of funds while not harming the existing capacity of any State to weatherize homes.”32 The DOE examination resulted in the 1995 rulemaking and current allocation formula. formula.
Congress may consider whether adjustments to the formula are merited to account for changes in
Congress may consider whether adjustments to the formula are merited to account for changes in
heating and cooling. As discussed in heating and cooling. As discussed in
“Factor 2: Climate,” ” the energy consumption ratio of heating the energy consumption ratio of heating
to air conditioning has declined from approximately 10 to 5.4. Factor 2 also relies upon 30-year to air conditioning has declined from approximately 10 to 5.4. Factor 2 also relies upon 30-year
averages of HDDs and CDDs as reported and updated by NOAA on a 10-year basis. As the U.S. averages of HDDs and CDDs as reported and updated by NOAA on a 10-year basis. As the U.S.
average annual temperature has increased, heating degree days have decreased and cooling average annual temperature has increased, heating degree days have decreased and cooling
degree days have increased degree days have increased
overall.33overal .35 The exception to this are states within the Southeast The exception to this are states within the Southeast
(excluding Florida), which have seen more HDDs and fewer CDDs.(excluding Florida), which have seen more HDDs and fewer CDDs.
3436 Long-term averages may Long-term averages may
not reflect present or future conditions or sufficiently capture the potential energy expenditure not reflect present or future conditions or sufficiently capture the potential energy expenditure
burden associated with heating and cooling during extreme temperatures. According to the Fourth burden associated with heating and cooling during extreme temperatures. According to the Fourth
National Climate Assessment (NCA4), extreme temperatures are projected to increase even more National Climate Assessment (NCA4), extreme temperatures are projected to increase even more
than average temperatures in the contiguous United States.than average temperatures in the contiguous United States.
3537 The EIA projects that delivered The EIA projects that delivered
energy for air conditioning of buildings energy for air conditioning of buildings
will wil increase in the building sector through 2050 while increase in the building sector through 2050 while
energy for space heating energy for space heating
will wil decline during the same period.decline during the same period.
3638 In addition, the HDD or CDD
34 In addition, the HDD or CDD determined for a state may not capture the actual HDD and CDD experienced in urban areas. Studies have shown evidence of heat islands in urban areas and that low-income neighborhoods within some urban areas experience additional elevated heat exposure.37
In addition to altering the existing factors within the WAP’s formula allocation, Congress may include other factors. In the 116th Congress, several bills would make changes to the WAP. Some bills would direct DOE to take into consideration “improvements in the health and safety of occupants” of weatherized dwellings.38 In addition, these bills would reauthorize WAP and
32 In H.Rept. 103-740, the Conference Report on the Department of Interior and Related Agencies In H.Rept. 103-740, the Conference Report on the Department of Interior and Related Agencies
Appropriations Act, Appropriations Act,
1995, P.L. 103-332, the conference committee stated that sufficient funds would1995, P.L. 103-332, the conference committee stated that sufficient funds would
be made availablebe made available
to permit DOE to to permit DOE to
revise the weatherization allocation formula “revise the weatherization allocation formula “
in order to allow for a more equitablein order to allow for a more equitable
apportionment of funds while not apportionment of funds while not
harming the existing capacity of any State to weatherize homes.” harming the existing capacity of any State to weatherize homes.”
3335 U.S. U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
Climate Change Indicators in the United States, Fourth Edition, , Fourth Edition,
2016, p. 64, https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/downloads-indicators-report2016, p. 64, https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/downloads-indicators-report
. .
3436 EPA, “ EPA, “
Climate Change Indicators: Heating and Cooling Degree Days,” https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/Climate Change Indicators: Heating and Cooling Degree Days,” https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/
climate-change-indicators-heating-and-cooling-degree-days. climate-change-indicators-heating-and-cooling-degree-days.
3537 “Extreme temperatures in the contiguous United States are projected to increase even more than average “Extreme temperatures in the contiguous United States are projected to increase even more than average
temperatures. temperatures.
TheT he temperatures of extremely cold days and extremely warm days are both expected to increase. Cold temperatures of extremely cold days and extremely warm days are both expected to increase. Cold
waveswaves
are projected to become lessare projected to become less
intense whileintense while
heat waves willheat waves will
become more intense. become more intense.
TheT he number of days number of days
below below
freezing is projected to decline whilefreezing is projected to decline while
the number above 90°F willthe number above 90°F will
rise.” Seerise.” See
p. 185 of Vose,p. 185 of Vose,
R.S.,R.S.,
D.R. Easterling, K.E. D.R. Easterling, K.E.
Kunkel, A.N. LeGrande,Kunkel, A.N. LeGrande,
and M.F. Wehner, “2017: and M.F. Wehner, “2017:
TemperatureT emperature Changes in the United States,” in Changes in the United States,” in
Climate Science
Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume IClim ate Assessm ent, Volum e I [Wuebbles, [Wuebbles,
D.J., D.W. Fahey, K.A. Hibbard,D.J., D.W. Fahey, K.A. Hibbard,
D.J. D.J.
Dokken, B.C. Stewart, and TDokken, B.C. Stewart, and T
.K. Maycock (eds.)]. U.S. Global.K. Maycock (eds.)]. U.S. Global
Change Research Program, Washington, DC, USA,Change Research Program, Washington, DC, USA,
pp. pp.
185-206. 185-206.
3638 EIA’s model uses EIA’s model uses
population-weighted degree dayspopulation-weighted degree days
and reflects projected population shifts from colder to warmer and reflects projected population shifts from colder to warmer
parts of the United States; EIA, “parts of the United States; EIA, “
EIA Projects Air-Conditioning Energy Use to GrowEIA Projects Air-Conditioning Energy Use to Grow
Faster Than Faster T han Any Other Use in
Congressional Research Service
8
The Weatherization Assistance Program Formula
determined for a state may not capture the actual HDD and CDD experienced in urban areas. Studies have shown evidence of heat islands in urban areas and that persons of color and low-
income households within some urban areas experience additional elevated heat exposure.39
In addition to altering the existing factors within the WAP’s formula al ocation, Congress may include other factors. In the 117th Congress, several bil s would make changes to the WAP. Some bil s would increase authorization of appropriations for the program.40 Some proposals would increase per dwel ing funding limits.41 One proposal would establish a timeline for DOE to disperse al ocated funds to states.42 Another bil would direct a percentage of fees received into
the Treasury to be appropriated to the weatherization assistance program and apportioned to
environmental justice communities.43
Changing the amount of appropriations or the formula al ocation may have different outcomes.
Increasing appropriations to the WAP under the existing program al ocation would provide additional funding to al states and territories. Changing the formula al ocation to reflect changes in energy consumption due to heating and cooling and changes in HDDs and CDDs—holding al other factors constant—may increase formula al ocations to states and territories in warmer climates (or those areas where a greater percentage of a household’s energy consumption is due to
air conditioning). Expanding the factors that DOE should consider—such as the health and safety of occupants—may introduce other changes to formula al ocations and the subsequent program
al ocations to states and territories.
Any Other Use in Buildings,”Buildings,”
https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=43155. https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=43155.
37 The39 T he term “heat island” describes term “heat island” describes
urban urban areas that have hotter surface and air temperatures than nearby rural areas. areas that have hotter surface and air temperatures than nearby rural areas.
TheT he urban heat island can affect communities by increasing energy demand urban heat island can affect communities by increasing energy demand
and energy costs for cooling and air and energy costs for cooling and air
conditioning, air pollution and greenhouse gasconditioning, air pollution and greenhouse gas
emissions, heatemissions, heat
-related illness and mortality, and water pollution. See -related illness and mortality, and water pollution. See
U.S.U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, 2008, Environmental Protection Agency, 2008,
Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium Com pendium of Strategies. Draft. . Draft.
https://www.epa.gov/heathttps://www.epa.gov/heat
-islands/heat-islands/heat
-island-compendium; T-island-compendium; T
. Chakraborty, A. Hsu, D. Manya, G.. Chakraborty, A. Hsu, D. Manya, G.
Sheriff, 2019, Sheriff, 2019,
“Disproportionately Higher Exposure to Urban Heat in Lower-Income Neighborhoods: A Multi-City Perspective,” “Disproportionately Higher Exposure to Urban Heat in Lower-Income Neighborhoods: A Multi-City Perspective,”
EnvironmentalEnvironm ental Research Letters, vol. 14 (10), vol. 14 (10)
.
38 These include H.R. 2041, the Weatherization Enhancement and Local Energy Efficiency Investment and Accountability Act, and S. 983, Weatherization Enhancement and Local Energy Efficiency Investment and Accountability Act of 2019, as well as two compilation bills: H.R. 2741, Leading Infrastructure for Tomorrow’s
Congressional Research Service
8
The Weatherization Assistance Program Formula
authorize annual appropriations of $350 million for five fiscal years. This would be greater than program appropriations for at least the last five fiscal years but less than the authorization for fiscal years 2008 through 2012. Some proposals would establish a timeline for DOE to disperse allocated funds to states.39 Other bills would link WAP funds to dividends received from a carbon fee or tax.40
Changing the amount of appropriations or the formula allocation may have different outcomes. Increasing appropriations to the WAP under the existing program allocation would provide additional funding to all states and territories. Changing the formula allocation to reflect changes in energy consumption due to heating and cooling and changes in HDDs and CDDs—holding all other factors constant—may increase formula allocations to states and territories in warmer climates (or those areas where a greater percentage of a household’s energy consumption is due to air conditioning). Expanding the factors that DOE should consider—such as the health and safety of occupants—may introduce other changes to formula allocations and the subsequent program allocations to states and territories.
America Act, and S.Amdt. 1407 to S. 2657, Advanced Geothermal Innovation Leadership Act of 2019.
39 Such proposals include H.R. 6167/S. 185, Investing in State Energy Act, and S.Amdt. 1407 to S. 2657, Advanced Geothermal Innovation Leadership Act of 2019.
40 These include H.R. 4051/S. 2284, Climate Action Rebate Act of 2019, and H.R. 3966, Raise Wages, Cut Carbon Act of 2019.
Congressional Research Service
9
Appendix A. State Total Allocations, FY2001-FY2020
Table A-1. Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP): State Allocations: FY2010-FY2020
In current dollars; A. Hsu , G. Sheriff, and T . Chakraborty, et al., “ Disproportionate Exposure to Urban Heat Island Intensity Across Major US Cities,” Nature Com m unications, vol. 12 (2021), p. 2721.
40 T hese include S. 2377, Energy Infrastructure Act; H.R. 4309, Clean Energy Innovation and Deployment Act of 2021; and H.R. 3684, Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act.
41 Such proposals include H.R. 4309, Clean Energy Innovation and Deployment Act of 2021, and H.R. 5376, Build Back Better Act. 42 H.R. 1512, Climate Leadership and Environmental Action for our Nation’s Future Act.
43 S. 2085, Save Our Future Act. According to the bill, an environmental justice community is “(A) a community of color; (B) a low-income community; and (C) a T ribal or indigenous community. T his bill would apportion 24% of certain fees received into the T reasury under subchapter E of chapter 38 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and section 102 of the bill for weatherization assistance.”
Congressional Research Service
9
Appendix A. State Total Allocations, FY2001-FY2021
Table A-1. Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP): State Allocations: FY2020-FY2021
In current dol ars
Region/
State
FY2020
FY2021
Alabama
$3,443,053
$3,155,946
Alaska
2,283,222
2,177,695
Arizona
2,425,326
2,132,014
Arkansas
2,729,832
2,532,999
California
9,107,043
8,349,546
Colorado
6,940,358
6,657,253
Connecticut
3,694,901
3,417,529
Delaware
844,216
783,257
District of Columbia
779,056
749,828
Florida
3,875,985
3,292,566
Georgia
4,842,022
4,324,752
Hawai
302,402
280,638
Idaho
2,539,427
2,428,866
Il inois
17,420,195
16,511,511
Indiana
8,886,940
8,353,685
Iowa
6,147,974
5,893,595
Kansas
3,291,592
3,104,047
Kentucky
5,884,213
5,582,705
Louisiana
2,082,825
1,894,485
CRS-10
Region/
State
FY2020
FY2021
Maine
3,929,166
3,750,112
Maryland
3,767,334
3,493,675
Massachusetts
8,509,094
8,040,682
Michigan
20,160,855
19,093,962
Minnesota
12,143,741
11,722,051
Mississippi
2,202,874
2,034,117
Missouri
7,842,278
7,388,481
Montana
3,078,176
2,980,791
Nebraska
3,159,918
3,019,814
Nevada
1,509,219
1,357,572
New Hampshire
2,007,085
1,901,236
New Jersey
7,178,533
6,656,307
New Mexico
2,508,160
2,380,135
New York
26,945,581
25,229,032
North Carolina
6,186,961
5,642,274
North Dakota
2,971,658
2,891,278
Ohio
17,866,747
16,856,226
Oklahoma
3,525,126
3,271,910
Oregon
3,707,845
3,531,636
Pennsylvania
19,216,844
18,125,877
Rhode Island
1,539,247
1,451,556
South Carolina
2,700,461
2,440,739
South Dakota
2,316,227
2,236,681
Tennessee
5,875,208
5,480,377
CRS-11
Region/
State
FY2020
FY2021
Texas
8,976,933
7,908,820
Utah
2,697,506
2,573,038
Vermont
1,689,780
1,604,548
Virginia
5,563,082
5,171,298
Washington
5,918,599
5,648,547
West Virginia
3,947,952
3,784,308
Wisconsin
11,244,641
10,695,959
Wyoming
1,413,761
1,372,512
Total State Al ocation
299,821,174
281,358,468
American Samoa
213,853
209,818
Guam
228,917
221,859
Northern Mariana
216,705
212,093
Islands
Puerto Rico
1,379,277
1,141,978
Virgin Islands
240,074
230,784
Total U.S. Territories
2,278,826
2,016,532
Al ocations
Navaho Grant
0
0
Inter-Tribal Council
$0
0
of Arizona Grant
Northern Arapahoe
$120,750
117,227
Grant
CRS-12
Region/
State
FY2020
FY2021
Total Tribal
$120,750
117,227
Government Al ocations
Source: Department of Energy (DOE) annual Weatherization Program Notices regarding Grantee Al ocations, accessed from the Weatherization Program Guidance documents library at the National Association for State Community Services Programs (NASCSP). Documents were previously housed on the former Weatherization Assistance Program Technical Assistance Center (WAPTAC) website. WAPTAC’s resources and documents library has since been incorporated into the NASCSP website. Notes: Each state al ocation is the sum of the state program al ocation and the state training and technical assistance al ocation. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-140, §411c) added Puerto Rico and other territories of the U.S. to the definition of “State” for the purpose of funding al ocations. Beginning with Program Year 2009, the territories of American Samoa, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands were added to the program. Tribal Government Al ocations are derived from state al ocations: Navaho Grant al ocations are from Arizona and New Mexico st ate al ocations; Inter-Tribal Council of Arizona Grant al ocations are from Arizona al ocations; and Northern Arapahoe Grant are from Wyoming al ocations.
CRS-13
Table A-2. Table A-2. Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP): State Allocations: FY2010-FY2019
In current dol ars
Region/
State
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
Region/
State
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
Alabama Alabama
$1,882,352
$1,882,352
$1,822,292
$1,822,292
$0
$0
$1,875,979
$1,875,979
$337,245
$337,245
$2,047,091
$2,047,091
$2,277,174
$2,277,174
$2,414,515
$2,414,515
$2,669,966
$2,669,966
$2,849,629
$2,849,629
$3,443,053
Alaska
Alaska
1,329,537
1,329,537
1,287,597
1,287,597
0
0
1,322,690
1,322,690
237,780
237,780
1,463,587
1,463,587
1,630,495
1,630,495
1,727,958
1,727,958
1,909,237
1,909,237
2,053,765
2,053,765
2,283,222
Arizona Arizona
952,279
952,279
855,295
855,295
0
0
487,020
487,020
157,651
157,651
997,882
997,882
1,109,782
1,109,782
1,408,970
1,408,970
1,555,787
1,555,787
1,831,626
1,831,626
2,425,326
Arkansas Arkansas
1,622,103
1,622,103
1,570,573
1,570,573
0
0
1,615,506
1,615,506
290,420
290,420
1,668,947
1,668,947
1,868,107
1,868,107
1,980,223
1,980,223
2,188,755
2,188,755
2,318,929
2,318,929
2,729,832
California California
4,917,928
4,917,928
4,758,371
4,758,371
1,649,091
1,649,091
1,523,628
1,523,628
883,418
883,418
5,244,959
5,244,959
5,857,131
5,857,131
6,215,232
6,215,232
6,881,295
6,881,295
7,540,160
7,540,160
9,107,043
Colorado Colorado
4,307,729
4,307,729
4,168,171
4,168,171
0
0
4,303,435
4,303,435
773,629
773,629
4,590,704
4,590,704
5,134,641
5,134,641
5,448,189
5,448,189
6,031,384
6,031,384
6,314,441
6,314,441
6,940,358
Connecticut Connecticut
1,972,276
1,972,276
1,909,269
1,909,269
1,319,737
1,319,737
500,092
500,092
353,424
353,424
2,201,899
2,201,899
2,450,480
2,450,480
2,598,507
2,598,507
2,873,837
2,873,837
3,117,380
3,117,380
3,694,901
Delaware Delaware
460,428
460,428
446,976
446,976
0
0
452,837
452,837
81,406
81,406
517,552
517,552
572,294
572,294
604,501
604,501
664,407
664,407
717,370
717,370
844,216
District of
District of
519,060
519,060
503,686
503,686
458,248
458,248
511,519
511,519
91,956
91,956
538,874
538,874
597,118
597,118
630,856
630,856
693,610
693,610
714,233
714,233
779,056
Columbia Columbia
Florida
Florida
1,484,081
1,484,081
1,437,075
1,437,075
0
0
709,416
709,416
265,586
265,586
1,698,578
1,698,578
1,886,281
1,886,281
1,999,517
1,999,517
2,210,133
2,210,133
2,705,406
2,705,406
3,875,985
Georgia Georgia
2,282,504
2,282,504
2,209,329
2,209,329
1,018,734
1,018,734
2,276,474
2,276,474
409,242
409,242
2,533,810
2,533,810
2,829,878
2,829,878
3,001,301
3,001,301
3,320,146
3,320,146
3,788,068
3,788,068
4,842,022
Hawai Hawai
169,266
169,266
165,356
165,356
54,373
54,373
76,406
76,406
29,019
29,019
195,448
195,448
206,123
206,123
215,750
215,750
233,658
233,658
257,473
257,473
302,402
Idaho Idaho
1,558,041
1,558,041
1,508,611
1,508,611
1,388,688
1,388,688
1,551,391
1,551,391
278,893
278,893
1,673,179
1,673,179
1,862,705
1,862,705
1,974,487
1,974,487
2,182,400
2,182,400
2,297,304
2,297,304
2,539,427
Il inois
Il inois
10,844,851
10,844,851
10,491,023
10,491,023
4,852,662
4,852,662
10,846,159
10,846,159
1,949,814
1,949,814
11,175,446
11,175,446
12,503,393
12,503,393
13,271,340
13,271,340
14,699,712
14,699,712
15,465,764
15,465,764
17,420,195
Indiana
Indiana
5,137,920
5,137,920
4,971,150
4,971,150
0
0
4,440,679
4,440,679
923,000
923,000
5,551,898
5,551,898
6,193,959
6,193,959
6,572,830
6,572,830
7,277,526
7,277,526
7,755,598
7,755,598
8,886,940
Iowa Iowa
3,918,674
3,918,674
3,791,869
3,791,869
0
0
3,797,481
3,797,481
703,628
703,628
4,105,176
4,105,176
4,591,815
4,591,815
4,871,889
4,871,889
5,392,824
5,392,824
5,586,637
5,586,637
6,147,974
Kansas
Kansas
1,988,468
1,988,468
1,924,929
1,924,929
1,774,148
1,774,148
1,863,608
1,863,608
356,337
356,337
2,112,717
2,112,717
2,360,701
2,360,701
2,503,192
2,503,192
2,768,223
2,768,223
2,892,165
2,892,165
3,291,592
Kentucky Kentucky
3,547,808
3,547,808
3,433,159
3,433,159
3,170,588
3,170,588
3,177,017
3,177,017
636,901
636,901
3,814,133
3,814,133
4,260,696
4,260,696
4,520,352
4,520,352
5,003,308
5,003,308
5,234,906
5,234,906
5,884,213
Louisiana Louisiana
1,340,633
1,340,633
1,298,329
1,298,329
596,996
596,996
529,968
529,968
239,776
239,776
1,214,531
1,214,531
1,345,356
1,345,356
1,425,235
1,425,235
1,573,809
1,573,809
1,695,764
1,695,764
2,082,825
CRS-10
Region/
State
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
Maine
Maine
2,415,842
2,415,842
2,338,296
2,338,296
2,156,877
2,156,877
766,699
766,699
433,233
433,233
2,594,260
2,594,260
2,890,611
2,890,611
3,065,779
3,065,779
3,391,590
3,391,590
3,538,802
3,538,802
3,929,166
Maryland Maryland
2,083,502
2,083,502
2,016,848
2,016,848
0
0
403,370
403,370
373,437
373,437
2,259,316
2,259,316
2,524,106
2,524,106
2,676,673
2,676,673
2,960,448
2,960,448
3,196,150
3,196,150
3,767,334CRS-14
Region/
State
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
5,137,610
5,137,610
4,970,851
4,970,851
4,594,307
4,594,307
5,064,575
5,064,575
922,944
922,944
5,426,786
5,426,786
6,058,804
6,058,804
6,429,341
6,429,341
7,118,536
7,118,536
7,507,308
7,507,308
8,509,094
Michigan Michigan
11,910,904
11,910,904
11,522,133
11,522,133
3,997,503
3,997,503
11,913,125
11,913,125
2,141,623
2,141,623
12,862,926
12,862,926
14,397,981
14,397,981
15,282,760
15,282,760
16,928,436
16,928,436
17,869,403
17,869,403
20,160,855
Minnesota
Minnesota
7,739,554
7,739,554
7,487,510
7,487,510
0
0
4,015,528
4,015,528
1,391,096
1,391,096
8,193,811
8,193,811
9,157,907
9,157,907
9,719,552
9,719,552
10,764,207
10,764,207
11,190,371
11,190,371
12,143,741
Mississippi Mississippi
1,290,592
1,290,592
1,249,929
1,249,929
574,589
574,589
249,986
249,986
230,773
230,773
1,348,340
1,348,340
1,499,412
1,499,412
1,588,790
1,588,790
1,755,035
1,755,035
1,852,245
1,852,245
2,202,874
Missouri
Missouri
4,703,704
4,703,704
4,551,167
4,551,167
0
0
3,440,907
3,440,907
844,874
844,874
4,977,015
4,977,015
5,564,897
5,564,897
5,904,977
5,904,977
6,537,523
6,537,523
6,876,381
6,876,381
7,842,278
Montana Montana
1,987,207
1,987,207
1,923,710
1,923,710
886,510
886,510
676,220
676,220
356,110
356,110
2,101,326
2,101,326
2,346,361
2,346,361
2,487,968
2,487,968
2,751,354
2,751,354
2,855,298
2,855,298
3,078,176
Nebraska Nebraska
1,964,240
1,964,240
1,901,497
1,901,497
657,170
657,170
380,299
380,299
351,978
351,978
2,098,732
2,098,732
2,342,735
2,342,735
2,484,118
2,484,118
2,747,089
2,747,089
2,853,612
2,853,612
3,159,918
Nevada Nevada
662,859
662,859
642,771
642,771
587,023
587,023
655,441
655,441
117,829
117,829
797,304
797,304
871,308
871,308
921,955
921,955
1,016,157
1,016,157
1,199,608
1,199,608
1,509,219
New
New
1,193,071
1,193,071
1,155,605
1,155,605
530,923
530,923
1,186,106
1,186,106
213,227
213,227
1,292,380
1,292,380
1,438,061
1,438,061
1,523,657
1,523,657
1,682,864
1,682,864
1,780,183
1,780,183
2,007,085
Hampshire
Hampshire
New Jersey
New Jersey
3,999,259
3,999,259
3,869,812
3,869,812
0
0
773,962
773,962
718,127
718,127
4,308,921
4,308,921
4,807,576
4,807,576
5,100,955
5,100,955
5,646,638
5,646,638
6,088,137
6,088,137
7,178,533
New Mexico
New Mexico
1,369,544
1,369,544
1,326,143
1,326,143
610,245
610,245
889,637
889,637
243,456
243,456
1,475,444
1,475,444
1,646,802
1,646,802
1,923,264
1,923,264
2,125,643
2,125,643
2,232,675
2,232,675
2,508,160
New York
New York
15,786,616
15,786,616
15,270,806
15,270,806
14,130,828
14,130,828
15,792,155
15,792,155
2,838,955
2,838,955
16,761,187
16,761,187
18,794,102
18,794,102
19,949,970
19,949,970
22,099,866
22,099,866
23,321,618
23,321,618
26,945,581
North
North
3,249,190
3,249,190
3,144,329
3,144,329
0
0
2,065,144
2,065,144
583,172
583,172
3,505,540
3,505,540
3,916,921
3,916,921
4,155,377
4,155,377
4,598,903
4,598,903
5,064,596
5,064,596
6,186,961
Carolina Carolina
North Dakota
North Dakota
1,969,451
1,969,451
1,906,536
1,906,536
0
0
1,963,153
1,963,153
352,916
352,916
2,087,315
2,087,315
2,328,127
2,328,127
2,468,609
2,468,609
2,729,905
2,729,905
2,782,844
2,782,844
2,971,658
Ohio Ohio
10,762,015
10,762,015
10,410,903
10,410,903
0
0
10,763,252
10,763,252
1,934,910
1,934,910
11,336,518
11,336,518
12,670,127
12,670,127
13,448,355
13,448,355
14,895,852
14,895,852
15,710,535
15,710,535
17,866,747
Oklahoma
Oklahoma
2,029,472
2,029,472
1,964,590
1,964,590
679,076
679,076
2,023,225
2,023,225
363,715
363,715
2,166,950
2,166,950
2,426,960
2,426,960
2,573,537
2,573,537
2,846,169
2,846,169
2,996,202
2,996,202
3,525,126
Oregon Oregon
2,222,843
2,222,843
2,151,623
2,151,623
1,488,030
1,488,030
2,216,762
2,216,762
398,507
398,507
2,422,447
2,422,447
2,696,844
2,696,844
2,860,063
2,860,063
3,163,650
3,163,650
3,325,518
3,325,518
3,707,845
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
11,519,998
11,519,998
11,144,041
11,144,041
3,866,228
3,866,228
2,228,808
2,228,808
2,071,290
2,071,290
12,320,702
12,320,702
13,754,306
13,754,306
14,599,392
14,599,392
16,171,240
16,171,240
16,889,762
16,889,762
19,216,844
Rhode Island
Rhode Island
916,134
916,134
887,744
887,744
813,840
813,840
232,526
232,526
163,399
163,399
986,095
986,095
1,094,465
1,094,465
1,158,873
1,158,873
1,278,670
1,278,670
1,352,790
1,352,790
1,539,247
South Carolina
South Carolina
1,388,815
1,388,815
1,344,931
1,344,931
927,855
927,855
1,382,018
1,382,018
248,446
248,446
1,495,042
1,495,042
1,666,574
1,666,574
1,766,261
1,766,261
1,951,678
1,951,678
2,168,457
2,168,457
2,700,461
South Dakota
South Dakota
1,513,071
1,513,071
1,465,115
1,465,115
505,656
505,656
1,506,381
1,506,381
270,802
270,802
1,591,553
1,591,553
1,776,878
1,776,878
1,883,366
1,883,366
2,081,435
2,081,435
2,136,561
2,136,561
2,316,227
CRS-11
Region/
State
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
Tennessee
Tennessee
3,278,362
3,278,362
3,172,544
3,172,544
0
0
634,509
634,509
588,421
588,421
3,619,816
3,619,816
4,036,524
4,036,524
4,282,355
4,282,355
4,739,600
4,739,600
5,045,797
5,045,797
5,875,208
Texas Texas
4,294,261
4,294,261
4,155,146
4,155,146
0
0
4,289,956
4,289,956
771,205
771,205
4,657,454
4,657,454
5,165,132
5,165,132
5,480,562
5,480,562
6,067,254
6,067,254
6,811,752
6,811,752
8,976,933CRS-15
Region/
State
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
Utah
Utah
1,638,680
1,638,680
1,586,608
1,586,608
730,451
730,451
415,578
415,578
293,403
293,403
1,763,864
1,763,864
1,970,108
1,970,108
2,088,513
2,088,513
2,308,745
2,308,745
2,426,710
2,426,710
2,697,506
Vermont Vermont
1,012,458
1,012,458
980,912
980,912
0
0
1,005,339
1,005,339
180,730
180,730
1,101,981
1,101,981
1,228,156
1,228,156
1,300,807
1,300,807
1,435,939
1,435,939
1,506,339
1,506,339
1,689,780
Virginia
Virginia
3,148,212
3,148,212
3,046,661
3,046,661
0
0
3,142,923
3,142,923
565,003
565,003
3,363,309
3,363,309
3,761,099
3,761,099
3,989,946
3,989,946
4,415,600
4,415,600
4,743,147
4,743,147
5,563,082
Washington Washington
3,570,881
3,570,881
3,455,476
3,455,476
3,191,250
3,191,250
2,109,133
2,109,133
641,052
641,052
3,885,453
3,885,453
4,325,258
4,325,258
4,588,895
4,588,895
5,079,256
5,079,256
5,329,638
5,329,638
5,918,599
West Virginia
West Virginia
2,525,991
2,525,991
2,444,834
2,444,834
1,127,759
1,127,759
2,520,169
2,520,169
453,051
453,051
2,668,468
2,668,468
2,977,505
2,977,505
3,158,033
3,158,033
3,493,809
3,493,809
3,587,126
3,587,126
3,947,952
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
6,726,647
6,726,647
6,507,803
6,507,803
6,017,339
6,017,339
6,564,418
6,564,418
1,208,850
1,208,850
7,283,668
7,283,668
8,147,306
8,147,306
8,646,632
8,646,632
9,575,373
9,575,373
10,056,393
10,056,393
11,244,641
Wyoming Wyoming
852,525
852,525
826,080
826,080
378,719
378,719
744,539
744,539
152,077
152,077
894,620
894,620
996,423
996,423
1,055,049
1,055,049
1,164,090
1,164,090
1,205,819
1,205,819
1,413,761
Total State
Total State
175,099,448
175,099,448
169,376,014
169,376,014
64,735,443
64,735,443
133,877,148
133,877,148
31,417,736
31,417,736
186,994,954
186,994,954
208,817,505
208,817,505
221,949,228
221,949,228
245,652,571
245,652,571
260,638,395
260,638,395
299,821,174
Al ocation Al ocation
American
American
154,860
154,860
151,424
151,424
132,094
132,094
147,007
147,007
26,427
26,427
162,559
162,559
175,791
175,791
183,546
183,546
197,970
197,970
204,166
204,166
213,853
Samoa
Samoa
Guam
Guam
158,948
158,948
155,377
155,377
0
0
31,075
31,075
27,163
27,163
167,227
167,227
180,948
180,948
189,022
189,022
204,041
204,041
213,233
213,233
228,917
Northern Northern
155,635
155,635
152,172
152,172
0
0
39,858
39,858
26,566
26,566
163,441
163,441
176,764
176,764
184,581
184,581
199,120
199,120
205,882
205,882
216,705
Mariana Islands Mariana Islands
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
647,129
647,129
627,557
627,557
0
0
405,670
405,670
114,998
114,998
725,059
725,059
797,260
797,260
843,340
843,340
929,049
929,049
905,767
905,767
1,379,277
Virgin Islands
Virgin Islands
161,976
161,976
158,306
158,306
0
0
31,661
31,661
27,708
27,708
170,688
170,688
184,770
184,770
193,080
193,080
208,538
208,538
219,950
219,950
240,074
Total U.S. Total U.S.
1,278,548
1,278,548
1,244,836
1,244,836
132,094
132,094
655,271
655,271
222,862
222,862
1,388,974
1,388,974
1,515,533
1,515,533
1,593,569
1,593,569
1,738,718
1,738,718
1,748,998
1,748,998
2,278,826
Territories
Territories
Al ocations Al ocations
Navaho Grant
Navaho Grant
242,391
242,391
234,760
234,760
0
0
46,952
46,952
44,991
44,991
268,138
268,138
300,659
300,659
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
CRS-12
Region/
State
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
Inter-Tribal Inter-Tribal
0
0
67,245
67,245
61,729
61,729
48,013
48,013
12,395
12,395
78,448
78,448
87,250
87,250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Council of Council of
Arizona Grant Arizona Grant
Northern
Northern
79,614
79,614
77,145
77,145
70,734
70,734
68,947
68,947
14,202
14,202
83,546
83,546
93,053
93,053
98,528
98,528
108,711
108,711
112,607
112,607
120,750
Arapahoe GrantArapahoe Grant
CRS-16
Region/
State
FY2010
FY2011
FY2012
FY2013
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
Total Tribal
Total Tribal
322,005
322,005
379,150
379,150
132,463
132,463
163,912
163,912
71,588
71,588
430,132
430,132
480,962
480,962
98,528
98,528
108,711
108,711
112,607
112,607
$120,750
Government Government
Al ocations Al ocations
Source: Department of Energy (DOE) annual Weatherization Program Notices regarding Grantee Department of Energy (DOE) annual Weatherization Program Notices regarding Grantee
Allocations, Al ocations, accessed fromaccessed from
the Weatherizationthe Weatherization
Program Guidance Program Guidance
documents librarydocuments library
at the National Associationat the National Association
for State Community Servicesfor State Community Services
Programs (NASCSP). Documents were previouslyPrograms (NASCSP). Documents were previously
housed on the formerhoused on the former
Weatherization Weatherization
AssistanceAssistance
Program Technical AssistanceProgram Technical Assistance
Center (WAPTAC) website. WAPTAC’sCenter (WAPTAC) website. WAPTAC’s
resources resources and documents library has since been incorporated into the NASCSP and documents library has since been incorporated into the NASCSP
website. website.
Notes: Each state Each state
allocational ocation is the sum of the state program is the sum of the state program
allocational ocation and the state training and technical assistance and the state training and technical assistance
allocation. al ocation. The Energy Independence and Security The Energy Independence and Security
Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-140, §411c) added Puerto Rico and other territoriesAct of 2007 (P.L. 110-140, §411c) added Puerto Rico and other territories
of the U.S. to the definition of “State” for the purpose of funding of the U.S. to the definition of “State” for the purpose of funding
allocations. al ocations. Beginning with Beginning with
Program Year 2009, the territoriesProgram Year 2009, the territories
of Americanof American
Samoa, Guam, CommonwealthSamoa, Guam, Commonwealth
of the Northern Mariana Islands, Commonwealthof the Northern Mariana Islands, Commonwealth
of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin
Islands wereIslands were
added to the program.added to the program.
Tribal Government Tribal Government
Allocations Al ocations are derived from state are derived from state
allocations: al ocations: Navaho Grant Navaho Grant
allocationsal ocations are from Arizona and New Mexico state are from Arizona and New Mexico state
allocations,al ocations; Inter-Tribal Council of Arizona Grant Inter-Tribal Council of Arizona Grant
allocationsal ocations are from Arizona are from Arizona
allocations,al ocations; and Northern Arapahoe Grant are from Wyoming and Northern Arapahoe Grant are from Wyoming
allocationsal ocations. .
CRS-
CRS-
1317
Table A-23. Table A-3. Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP): State Allocations: FY2001-FY2009 ARRA
In current
In current
dollarsdol ars
Region/
FY2009 ARRA
State
FY2001
FY2002
FY2003
FY2004
FY2005
FY2006
FY2007
FY2008
FY2009
(P.L. 111-5)
Alabama
Alabama
$1,620,906
$1,620,906
$2,437,309
$2,437,309
$2,365,903
$2,365,903
$2,407,556
$2,407,556
$2,417,993
$2,417,993
$2,724,123
$2,724,123
$2,154,306
$2,154,306
$2,396,413
$2,396,413
$5,458,962
$5,458,962
$71,800,599
$71,800,599
Alaska
Alaska
1,148,143
1,148,143
1,700,925
1,700,925
1,651,545
1,651,545
1,680,350
1,680,350
1,687,568
1,687,568
1,734,314
1,734,314
1,505,217
1,505,217
1,672,643
1,672,643
2,553,917
2,553,917
18,142,580
18,142,580
Arizona
Arizona
914,996
914,996
1,375,478
1,375,478
1,335,832
1,335,832
1,358,959
1,358,959
1,364,754
1,364,754
1,443,174
1,443,174
1,096,515
1,096,515
1,128,755
1,128,755
3,670,756
3,670,756
57,023,278
57,023,278
Arkansas
Arkansas
1,394,048
1,394,048
2,096,068
2,096,068
2,034,869
2,034,869
2,070,568
2,070,568
2,079,513
2,079,513
2,202,800
2,202,800
1,853,518
1,853,518
2,061,017
2,061,017
4,031,570
4,031,570
48,114,415
48,114,415
California
California
4,238,044
4,238,044
6,374,011
6,374,011
6,184,856
6,184,856
6,295,195
6,295,195
6,322,844
6,322,844
7,085,364
7,085,364
5,624,334
5,624,334
6,265,676
6,265,676
14,161,143
14,161,143
185,811,061
185,811,061
Colorado
Colorado
3,689,256
3,689,256
5,548,524
5,548,524
5,384,059
5,384,059
5,479,996
5,479,996
5,504,036
5,504,036
5,678,125
5,678,125
4,896,704
4,896,704
5,454,329
5,454,329
9,122,025
9,122,025
79,531,213
79,531,213
Connecticut
Connecticut
1,687,796
1,687,796
2,537,924
2,537,924
2,463,509
2,463,509
2,506,917
2,506,917
2,517,795
2,517,795
2,759,107
2,759,107
2,242,994
2,242,994
2,495,304
2,495,304
5,315,348
5,315,348
64,310,502
64,310,502
Delaware
Delaware
387,168
387,168
581,518
581,518
565,620
565,620
574,894
574,894
577,217
577,217
612,727
612,727
518,509
518,509
572,412
572,412
1,183,372
1,183,372
13,733,668
13,733,668
District of
District of
437,201
437,201
656,778
656,778
638,629
638,629
649,216
649,216
651,868
651,868
712,764
712,764
584,848
584,848
646,384
646,384
998,697
998,697
8,089,022
8,089,022
Columbia
Columbia
Florida
Florida
1,317,877
1,317,877
1,981,492
1,981,492
1,923,719
1,923,719
1,957,419
1,957,419
1,965,864
1,965,864
2,592,639
2,592,639
1,752,523
1,752,523
1,948,403
1,948,403
9,885,233
9,885,233
175,984,474
175,984,474
Georgia
Georgia
1,971,410
1,971,410
2,964,538
2,964,538
2,877,362
2,877,362
2,928,214
2,928,214
2,940,956
2,940,956
3,339,105
3,339,105
2,619,035
2,619,035
2,914,609
2,914,609
8,294,558
8,294,558
124,756,312
124,756,312
Hawai
Hawai
137,693
137,693
206,257
206,257
201,583
201,583
204,314
204,314
204,993
204,993
234,987
234,987
187,733
187,733
203,581
203,581
393,559
393,559
4,041,461
4,041,461
Idaho
Idaho
1,328,717
1,328,717
1,997,798
1,997,798
1,939,538
1,939,538
1,973,522
1,973,522
1,982,038
1,982,038
2,076,784
2,076,784
1,766,897
1,766,897
1,964,431
1,964,431
3,366,002
3,366,002
30,341,929
30,341,929
Il inois
Il inois
9,323,696
9,323,696
14,023,856
14,023,856
13,605,888
13,605,888
13,849,700
13,849,700
13,910,793
13,910,793
14,349,500
14,349,500
12,367,330
12,367,330
13,784,473
13,784,473
24,070,095
24,070,095
242,526,619
242,526,619
Indiana
Indiana
4,410,532
4,410,532
6,633,467
6,633,467
6,436,551
6,436,551
6,551,417
6,551,417
6,580,199
6,580,199
6,762,132
6,762,132
5,853,032
5,853,032
6,520,687
6,520,687
12,342,276
12,342,276
131,847,383
131,847,383
Iowa
Iowa
3,359,006
3,359,006
5,051,761
5,051,761
4,902,155
4,902,155
4,989,424
4,989,424
5,011,292
5,011,292
5,153,879
5,153,879
4,458,829
4,458,829
4,966,077
4,966,077
8,578,634
8,578,634
80,834,411
80,834,411
Kansas
Kansas
1,703,713
1,703,713
2,561,867
2,561,867
2,486,735
2,486,735
2,530,561
2,530,561
2,541,543
2,541,543
2,706,214
2,706,214
2,264,099
2,264,099
2,518,837
2,518,837
5,001,886
5,001,886
56,441,771
56,441,771
Kentucky
Kentucky
3,042,989
3,042,989
4,576,408
4,576,408
4,441,020
4,441,020
4,519,996
4,519,996
4,539,785
4,539,785
4,761,929
4,761,929
4,039,827
4,039,827
4,498,867
4,498,867
7,640,899
7,640,899
70,913,750
70,913,750
Louisiana
Louisiana
1,165,702
1,165,702
1,752,591
1,752,591
1,701,665
1,701,665
1,731,371
1,731,371
1,738,815
1,738,815
1,997,309
1,997,309
1,550,758
1,550,758
1,723,424
1,723,424
3,623,154
3,623,154
50,657,478
50,657,478
Maine
Maine
2,065,666
2,065,666
3,106,317
3,106,317
3,014,901
3,014,901
3,068,227
3,068,227
3,081,589
3,081,589
3,240,063
3,240,063
2,744,008
2,744,008
3,053,961
3,053,961
4,924,673
4,924,673
41,935,015
41,935,015
Maryland
Maryland
1,785,842
1,785,842
2,685,405
2,685,405
2,606,578
2,606,578
2,652,560
2,652,560
2,664,081
2,664,081
2,897,804
2,897,804
2,372,992
2,372,992
2,640,259
2,640,259
5,280,336
5,280,336
61,441,745
61,441,745
CRS-
CRS-
1418
Region/
FY2009 ARRA
State
FY2001
FY2002
FY2003
FY2004
FY2005
FY2006
FY2007
FY2008
FY2009
(P.L. 111-5)
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
4,408,639
4,408,639
6,630,621
6,630,621
6,433,790
6,433,790
6,548,606
6,548,606
6,577,376
6,577,376
6,938,192
6,938,192
5,850,524
5,850,524
6,517,890
6,517,890
11,794,866
11,794,866
122,077,457
122,077,457
Michigan
Michigan
10,226,257
10,226,257
15,381,490
15,381,490
14,922,914
14,922,914
15,190,413
15,190,413
15,257,442
15,257,442
15,446,624
15,446,624
13,564,024
13,564,024
15,118,849
15,118,849
25,949,859
25,949,859
243,398,975
243,398,975
Minnesota
Minnesota
6,646,224
6,646,224
9,979,183
9,979,183
9,682,194
9,682,194
9,855,435
9,855,435
9,898,845
9,898,845
10,154,727
10,154,727
8,802,132
8,802,132
9,809,089
9,809,089
15,972,943
15,972,943
131,937,411
131,937,411
Mississippi
Mississippi
1,109,916
1,109,916
1,668,677
1,668,677
1,620,261
1,620,261
1,648,503
1,648,503
1,655,581
1,655,581
1,850,660
1,850,660
1,476,791
1,476,791
1,640,948
1,640,948
3,744,293
3,744,293
49,421,193
49,421,193
Missouri
Missouri
4,041,710
4,041,710
6,078,686
6,078,686
5,898,363
5,898,363
6,003,549
6,003,549
6,029,907
6,029,907
6,368,172
6,368,172
5,364,017
5,364,017
5,975,410
5,975,410
11,566,101
11,566,101
128,148,027
128,148,027
Montana
Montana
1,710,249
1,710,249
2,550,624
2,550,624
2,475,828
2,475,828
2,519,458
2,519,458
2,530,390
2,530,390
2,623,349
2,623,349
2,254,188
2,254,188
2,507,786
2,507,786
3,760,263
3,760,263
26,543,777
26,543,777
Nebraska
Nebraska
1,679,110
1,679,110
2,524,859
2,524,859
2,450,834
2,450,834
2,494,014
2,494,014
2,504,834
2,504,834
2,586,397
2,586,397
2,231,477
2,231,477
2,482,462
2,482,462
4,372,276
4,372,276
41,644,458
41,644,458
Nevada
Nevada
562,559
562,559
845,342
845,342
821,553
821,553
835,429
835,429
838,908
838,908
946,130
946,130
751,059
751,059
831,718
831,718
2,547,725
2,547,725
37,281,937
37,281,937
New
New
1,015,772
1,015,772
1,527,066
1,527,066
1,482,885
1,482,885
1,508,657
1,508,657
1,515,114
1,515,114
1,593,171
1,593,171
1,351,967
1,351,967
1,501,762
1,501,762
2,533,628
2,533,628
23,218,594
23,218,594
Hampshire
Hampshire
New Jersey
New Jersey
3,435,381
3,435,381
5,166,645
5,166,645
5,013,603
5,013,603
5,102,877
5,102,877
5,125,246
5,125,246
5,266,959
5,266,959
4,560,095
4,560,095
5,078,993
5,078,993
10,124,722
10,124,722
118,821,296
118,821,296
New Mexico
New Mexico
1,160,650
1,160,650
1,744,160
1,744,160
1,876,873
1,876,873
1,723,006
1,723,006
1,730,427
1,730,427
1,857,690
1,857,690
1,542,148
1,542,148
1,714,483
1,714,483
2,927,997
2,927,997
26,855,604
26,855,604
New York
New York
13,579,110
13,579,110
20,424,856
20,424,856
19,815,430
19,815,430
20,170,923
20,170,923
20,259,998
20,259,998
21,818,047
21,818,047
18,009,524
18,009,524
20,075,816
20,075,816
36,654,490
36,654,490
394,686,513
394,686,513
North Carolina
North Carolina
2,799,730
2,799,730
4,210,497
4,210,497
4,086,054
4,086,054
4,158,644
4,158,644
4,176,834
4,176,834
4,576,429
4,576,429
3,717,293
3,717,293
4,139,225
4,139,225
9,766,765
9,766,765
131,954,536
131,954,536
North Dakota
North Dakota
1,695,918
1,695,918
2,527,852
2,527,852
2,453,738
2,453,738
2,496,970
2,496,970
2,507,804
2,507,804
2,589,151
2,589,151
2,234,117
2,234,117
2,485,405
2,485,405
3,679,322
3,679,322
25,266,330
25,266,330
Ohio
Ohio
9,250,620
9,250,620
13,913,935
13,913,935
13,499,255
13,499,255
13,741,148
13,741,148
13,801,761
13,801,761
14,242,973
14,242,973
12,270,440
12,270,440
13,676,435
13,676,435
25,174,465
25,174,465
266,781,409
266,781,409
Oklahoma
Oklahoma
1,744,765
1,744,765
2,623,617
2,623,617
2,546,639
2,546,639
2,591,542
2,591,542
2,602,794
2,602,794
2,831,669
2,831,669
2,318,528
2,318,528
2,579,529
2,579,529
5,150,319
5,150,319
60,903,196
60,903,196
Oregon
Oregon
1,899,540
1,899,540
2,856,430
2,856,430
2,772,488
2,772,488
2,821,454
2,821,454
2,833,724
2,833,724
2,921,655
2,921,655
2,523,743
2,523,743
2,808,354
2,808,354
4,563,299
4,563,299
38,512,236
38,512,236
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
9,901,139
9,901,139
14,892,448
14,892,448
14,448,499
14,448,499
14,707,466
14,707,466
14,772,357
14,772,357
15,101,584
15,101,584
13,132,955
13,132,955
14,638,184
14,638,184
25,400,552
25,400,552
252,793,062
252,793,062
Rhode Island
Rhode Island
778,507
778,507
1,170,171
1,170,171
1,136,666
1,136,666
1,156,210
1,156,210
1,161,108
1,161,108
1,253,702
1,253,702
1,037,381
1,037,381
1,150,982
1,150,982
2,022,878
2,022,878
20,073,615
20,073,615
South Carolina
South Carolina
1,195,436
1,195,436
1,797,316
1,797,316
1,745,053
1,745,053
1,775,540
1,775,540
1,783,179
1,783,179
1,982,643
1,982,643
1,590,182
1,590,182
1,767,384
1,767,384
4,242,330
4,242,330
58,892,771
58,892,771
South Dakota
South Dakota
1,290,524
1,290,524
1,940,347
1,940,347
1,883,806
1,883,806
1,916,788
1,916,788
1,925,053
1,925,053
1,991,514
1,991,514
1,716,257
1,716,257
1,907,964
1,907,964
3,020,139
3,020,139
24,487,296
24,487,296
Tennessee
Tennessee
2,815,179
2,815,179
4,233,736
4,233,736
4,108,598
4,108,598
4,181,594
4,181,594
4,199,886
4,199,886
4,534,180
4,534,180
3,737,777
3,737,777
4,162,066
4,162,066
8,571,222
8,571,222
99,112,101
99,112,101
Texas
Texas
3,753,569
3,753,569
5,645,264
5,645,264
5,477,906
5,477,906
5,575,530
5,575,530
5,599,993
5,599,993
6,607,385
6,607,385
4,981,976
4,981,976
5,549,413
5,549,413
19,793,889
19,793,889
326,975,732
326,975,732
CRS-
CRS-
1519
Region/
FY2009 ARRA
State
FY2001
FY2002
FY2003
FY2004
FY2005
FY2006
FY2007
FY2008
FY2009
(P.L. 111-5)
Utah
Utah
1,398,486
1,398,486
2,102,745
2,102,745
2,041,346
2,041,346
2,077,161
2,077,161
2,086,136
2,086,136
2,161,298
2,161,298
1,859,403
1,859,403
2,067,579
2,067,579
3,818,075
3,818,075
37,897,203
37,897,203
Vermont
Vermont
860,443
860,443
1,293,419
1,293,419
1,256,227
1,256,227
1,277,921
1,277,921
1,283,358
1,283,358
1,353,926
1,353,926
1,146,018
1,146,018
1,272,118
1,272,118
2,021,240
2,021,240
16,842,576
16,842,576
Virginia
Virginia
2,704,200
2,704,200
4,066,802
4,066,802
3,946,656
3,946,656
4,016,741
4,016,741
4,034,302
4,034,302
4,344,862
4,344,862
3,590,631
3,590,631
3,997,991
3,997,991
8,025,937
8,025,937
94,134,276
94,134,276
Washington
Washington
3,056,649
3,056,649
4,596,956
4,596,956
4,460,953
4,460,953
4,540,287
4,540,287
4,560,166
4,560,166
4,688,820
4,688,820
4,057,939
4,057,939
4,519,063
4,519,063
7,243,701
7,243,701
59,545,074
59,545,074
West Virginia
West Virginia
2,162,350
2,162,350
3,251,749
3,251,749
3,155,983
3,155,983
3,211,847
3,211,847
3,225,843
3,225,843
3,320,985
3,320,985
2,872,199
2,872,199
3,196,901
3,196,901
4,817,624
4,817,624
37,583,874
37,583,874
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
5,768,714
5,768,714
8,676,447
8,676,447
8,418,423
8,418,423
8,568,935
8,568,935
8,606,650
8,606,650
8,800,191
8,800,191
7,653,827
7,653,827
8,528,669
8,528,669
14,966,407
14,966,407
141,502,133
141,502,133
Wyoming
Wyoming
793,133
793,133
1,188,724
1,188,724
1,154,664
1,154,664
1,174,532
1,174,532
1,179,511
1,179,511
1,221,639
1,221,639
1,053,735
1,053,735
1,069,354
1,069,354
1,550,974
1,550,974
10,239,261
10,239,261
Total State
Total State
150,574,880
150,574,880
226,360,956
226,360,956
219,849,999
219,849,999
223,571,556
223,571,556
224,550,063
224,550,063
237,039,567
237,039,567
199,706,355
199,706,355
222,202,364
222,202,364
425,675,396
425,675,396
4,665,810,609
4,665,810,609
Al ocation
Al ocation
American
American
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
196,784
196,784
719,511
719,511
Samoa
Samoa
Guam
Guam
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
198,908
198,908
1,119,297
1,119,297
Northern
Northern
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
197,186
197,186
795,206
795,206
Mariana Islands
Mariana Islands
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
452,558
452,558
48,865,588
48,865,588
Virgin Islands
Virgin Islands
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
200,481
200,481
1,415,429
1,415,429
Total U.S.
Total U.S.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,245,917
1,245,917
52,915,031
52,915,031
Territories
Territories
Al ocations Al ocations
Navaho Grant
Navaho Grant
125,123
125,123
189,041
189,041
1,176,405
1,176,405
186,724
186,724
187,537
187,537
362,433
362,433
289,645
289,645
321,735
321,735
703,848
703,848
0
0
Inter-Tribal
Inter-Tribal
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
88,741
88,741
102,138
102,138
0
0
Council of
Council of
Arizona Grant Arizona Grant
Northern
Northern
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
99,863
99,863
144,840
144,840
0
0
Arapahoe Grant
Arapahoe Grant
CRS-
CRS-
1620
Region/
FY2009 ARRA
State
FY2001
FY2002
FY2003
FY2004
FY2005
FY2006
FY2007
FY2008
FY2009
(P.L. 111-5)
Total Tribal
Total Tribal
125,123
125,123
189,041
189,041
1,176,405
1,176,405
186,724
186,724
187,537
187,537
362,433
362,433
289,645
289,645
510,339
510,339
950,826
950,826
0
0
Government
Government
Al ocations Al ocations
Source: Department of Energy (DOE) annual Weatherization Program Notices regarding Grantee Department of Energy (DOE) annual Weatherization Program Notices regarding Grantee
Allocations, Al ocations, accessed fromaccessed from
the Weatherization the Weatherizat ion Program Guidance Program Guidance
documents librarydocuments library
at the National Associationat the National Association
for State Community Servicesfor State Community Services
Programs (NASCSP). Documents were previouslyPrograms (NASCSP). Documents were previously
housed on the formerhoused on the former
Weatherization Weatherization
AssistanceAssistance
Program Technical AssistanceProgram Technical Assistance
Center (WAPTAC) website. WAPTAC’sCenter (WAPTAC) website. WAPTAC’s
resources resources and documents library has since been incorporated into the NASCSP and documents library has since been incorporated into the NASCSP
website. website.
Notes: Each state Each state
allocational ocation is the sum of the state program is the sum of the state program
allocational ocation and the state training and technical assistance and the state training and technical assistance
allocation. The Energyal ocation. The Energ y Independence and Security Independence and Security
Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-140, §411c) added Puerto Rico and other territoriesAct of 2007 (P.L. 110-140, §411c) added Puerto Rico and other territories
of the U.S. to the definition of “State” for the purpose of funding of the U.S. to the definition of “State” for the purpose of funding
allocations. al ocations. Beginning with Beginning with
Fiscal Year 2009, the territoriesFiscal Year 2009, the territories
of Americanof American
Samoa,Samoa,
Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands,Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands,
Commonwealth Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands
were added to the program.were added to the program.
Tribal GovernmentTribal Government
Allocations Al ocations are derivedare derived
from state from state
allocations: al ocations: Navaho Grant Navaho Grant
allocationsal ocations are from Arizona and New Mexico state are from Arizona and New Mexico state
allocations,al ocations; Inter-Tribal Council of Arizona Grant Inter-Tribal Council of Arizona Grant
allocationsal ocations are from Arizona are from Arizona
allocations,al ocations; and Northern Arapahoe Grant and Northern Arapahoe Grant
allocationsal ocations are from Wyoming are from Wyoming
allocations al ocations. .
Also,Also,
P.L. 111-5 was enacted as the AmericanP.L. 111-5 was enacted as the American
Recovery and ReinvestmentRecovery and Reinvestment
Act of 2009. It is referredAct of 2009. It is referred
to in the last column by the shorthand “ARRA.” to in the last column by the shorthand “ARRA.”
CRS-
CRS-
1721
The Weatherization Assistance Program Formula
Appendix B. Base Allocation
Table B-1. Base Allocation Table from 10 C.F.R. §440.10
State
Base Allocation in Dollars
Alabama
Alabama
$1,636,000
$1,636,000
Alaska
Alaska
1,425,000
1,425,000
Arizona
Arizona
760,000
760,000
Arkansas
Arkansas
1,417,000
1,417,000
California
California
4,404,000
4,404,000
Colorado
Colorado
4,574,000
4,574,000
Connecticut
Connecticut
1,887,000
1,887,000
Delaware
Delaware
409,000
409,000
District
District
of Columbia of Columbia
487,000
487,000
Florida
Florida
761,000
761,000
Georgia
Georgia
1,844,000
1,844,000
Hawaii Hawai
120,000
120,000
Idaho
Idaho
1,618,000
1,618,000
Il inois
Il inois
10,717,000
10,717,000
Indiana
Indiana
5,156,000
5,156,000
Iowa
Iowa
4,032,000
4,032,000
Kansas
Kansas
1,925,000
1,925,000
Kentucky
Kentucky
3,615,000
3,615,000
Louisiana
Louisiana
912,000
912,000
Maine
Maine
2,493,000
2,493,000
Maryland
Maryland
1,963,000
1,963,000
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
5,111,000
5,111,000
Michigan
Michigan
12,346,000
12,346,000
Minnesota
Minnesota
8,342,000
8,342,000
Mississippi
Mississippi
1,094,000
1,094,000
Missouri
Missouri
4,615,000
4,615,000
Montana
Montana
2,123,000
2,123,000
Nebraska
Nebraska
2,013,000
2,013,000
Nevada
Nevada
586,000
586,000
New Hampshire
New Hampshire
1,193,000
1,193,000
New Jersey
New Jersey
3,775,000
3,775,000
New Mexico
New Mexico
1,519,000
1,519,000
New York
New York
15,302,000
15,302,000
North Carolina
North Carolina
2,853,000
2,853,000
Congressional Research Service
Congressional Research Service
1822
The Weatherization Assistance Program Formula
State
Base Allocation in Dollars
North Dakota
North Dakota
2,105,000
2,105,000
Ohio
Ohio
10,665,000
10,665,000
Oklahoma
Oklahoma
1,846,000
1,846,000
Oregon
Oregon
2,320,000
2,320,000
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
11,457,000
11,457,000
Rhode Island
Rhode Island
878,000
878,000
South Carolina
South Carolina
1,130,000
1,130,000
South Dakota
South Dakota
1,561,000
1,561,000
Tennessee
Tennessee
3,218,000
3,218,000
Texas
Texas
2,999,000
2,999,000
Utah
Utah
1,692,000
1,692,000
Vermont
Vermont
1,014,000
1,014,000
Virginia
Virginia
2,970,000
2,970,000
Washington
Washington
3,775,000
3,775,000
West Virginia
West Virginia
2,573,000
2,573,000
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
7,061,000
7,061,000
Wyoming
Wyoming
967,000
967,000
American
American
Samoa Samoa
120,000
120,000
Guam
Guam
120,000
120,000
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
120,000
120,000
Northern Mariana Islands
Northern Mariana Islands
120,000
120,000
Virgin Islands
Virgin Islands
120,000
120,000
Total
171,858,000
Source: 10 C.F.R.10 C.F.R.
§440.10. §440.10.
Note: States and territories States and territories
are organized in the table according to 10 C.F.R.are organized in the table according to 10 C.F.R.
§440.10. §440.10.
Author Information
Corrie E. Clark Corrie E. Clark
Lynn J. Cunningham
Lynn J. Cunningham
Analyst in Energy Policy
Analyst in Energy Policy
Senior Research Librarian
Senior Research Librarian
Congressional Research Service
Congressional Research Service
1923
The Weatherization Assistance Program Formula
Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
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