Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (THUD) Appropriations for FY2020: In Brief

Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Other Independent Agencies (THUD) Appropriations for FY2020: In Brief June 17, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45774 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 FY2020 THUD Appropriations Status ............................................................................................ 1 Department of Transportation.......................................................................................................... 2 Selected DOT Issues ................................................................................................................. 5 Infrastructure Funding ........................................................................................................ 5 Commercial Truck Safety ................................................................................................... 6 California High Speed Rail Project..................................................................................... 6 Automobile Fuel Economy Standards ................................................................................ 6 Department of Housing and Urban Development ........................................................................... 6 Selected HUD Issues ................................................................................................................. 9 Grant Funding ..................................................................................................................... 9 Rental Assistance .............................................................................................................. 10 Policy Provisions .............................................................................................................. 10 THUD Independent Agencies.........................................................................................................11 Selected Independent Agencies Issues .....................................................................................11 USICH ...............................................................................................................................11 NeighborWorks America....................................................................................................11 Tables Table 1. THUD Bill Appropriations by Title, FY2019-FY2020...................................................... 2 Table 2. Department of Transportation FY2019-FY2020 Detailed Budget Table........................... 3 Table 3. Department of Housing and Urban Development, FY2019-FY2020 ................................ 7 Table 4. THUD Independent Agencies, FY2019-FY2020 .............................................................11 Contacts Author Information........................................................................................................................ 12 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief Introduction The annual congressional appropriations process generally begins with the submission of the President’s budget request and the adoption of the congressional budget resolution that sets the overall level of spending for that year’s appropriations bills. For FY2020, the first step was delayed, and the second step has not yet occurred. The President’s budget submission for FY2020 was submitted on March 11, 2019, about five weeks after the statutory deadline. The delay was, in part, attributable to extended negotiations over a number of the FY2019 annual appropriations bills (including Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Other Independent Agencies, or THUD), during which there was a fiveweek government shutdown. Ultimately, appropriations for these annual bills were enacted on February 15, 2019, completing FY2019 annual appropriations almost five months after the start of FY2019. The annual adoption of a congressional budget resolution by its target date of April 15 is meant to provide an opportunity for Congress to consider and agree on an overall budget framework for that year’s appropriations bills. For FY2020, the House and Senate have not yet agreed to a budget resolution. In the absence of agreement on a budget resolution, on April 9, 2019, the House adopted a In Brief

Updated June 19, 2019 (R45774)

Contents

• Introduction
• FY2020 THUD Appropriations Status
• Department of Transportation
• Selected DOT Issues
• Infrastructure Funding
• Commercial Truck Safety
• California High Speed Rail Project
• Automobile Fuel Economy Standards
• Department of Housing and Urban Development
• Selected HUD Issues
• Grant Funding
• Rental Assistance
• Policy Provisions
• THUD Independent Agencies
• Selected Independent Agencies Issues
• USICH
• NeighborWorks America

Tables

• Table 1. THUD Bill Appropriations by Title, FY2019-FY2020
• Table 2. Department of Transportation FY2019-FY2020 Detailed Budget Table
• Table 3. Department of Housing and Urban Development, FY2019-FY2020
• Table 4. THUD Independent Agencies, FY2019-FY2020

Introduction

House Floor Action On Wednesday, June 19, 2019, the House Rules Committee approved a rule amending H.R. 3055 by adding several other appropriations bills, including the FY2020 Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Other Independent Agencies (THUD) bill (H.R. 3163), to create a minibus that may be taken up on the House floor on June 19, 2019.

The annual congressional appropriations process generally begins with the submission of the President's budget request and the adoption of the congressional budget resolution that sets the overall level of spending for that year's appropriations bills. For FY2020, the first step was delayed, and the second step has not yet occurred.

The President's budget submission for FY2020 was submitted on March 11, 2019, about five weeks after the statutory deadline. The delay was, in part, attributable to extended negotiations over a number of the FY2019 annual appropriations bills (including THUD), during which there was a five-week government shutdown. Ultimately, appropriations for these annual bills were enacted on February 15, 2019, completing FY2019 annual appropriations almost five months after the start of FY2019.

The annual adoption of a congressional budget resolution by its target date of April 15 is meant to provide an opportunity for Congress to consider and agree on an overall budget framework for that year's appropriations bills. For FY2020, the House and Senate have not yet agreed to a budget resolution.

In the absence of agreement on a budget resolution, on April 9, 2019, the House adopted a deeming resolution for FY2020 (H.Res. 293), which gave the House Appropriations Committee a spending allocation of approximately $1.295 trillion for FY2020. This is about $176 billion (+16%) more than the combined FY2020 statutory discretionary spending limits for defense and nondefense spending under the Budget Control Act (BCA), as amended.11 The current law BCA limits come to $1.119 trillion, with $576 billion allocated to defense spending and $543 billion allocated to nondefense spending. Because the House allocation of $1.295 trillion exceeds amounts available under the statutory discretionary spending limits and because the Senate has not agreed to the same allocation, complications may arise as the House and Senate seek to resolve their differences on appropriations. This report describes and tracks action on FY2020 annual appropriations for THUD, including detailed tables for each major agency. FY2020 THUD Appropriations Status The Administration’'s budget request proposed cutting funding for THUD agencies by 8.6% ($11.3 billion) from their FY2019 levels. The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) would have been reduced by 17% (-$7.6 billion), DOT by 4% (-$3.6 billion), and the independent agencies in Title III of the THUD bill by 35% (-$127 million) (see Table 1). The reductions in HUD funding would have come from zeroing out a half-dozen programs, the largest of which was the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program, and reducing funding for many more programs. The reductions in DOT funding would have come primarily from reducing funding for highways, new transit lines, and Amtrak. Two independent agencies, the Interagency Council on Homelessness and the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation, are also proposed for significant reductions in the President’s Budget request. The House deeming resolution H.Res. 293. See also the Congressional Budget Office’s Status of Discretionary Appropriations: FY20 House, available at https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2019-06/FY2020-House-2019-0520_0.pdf. 1 Congressional Research Service 1 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief 's Budget request. The House Committee on Appropriations reported out H.R. 3163, the THUD FY2020 Appropriations Act, on June 6, 2019. The committee recommended a 4.6% ($6 billion) increase in funding over the comparable FY2019 figure, with most of the increase going to HUD (see Table 1), though that increase is partially offset by a reduction in offsetting receipts from HUD’s 's mortgage insurance program. Table 1. THUD Bill Appropriations by Title, FY2019-FY2020 (dollars in millions) FY2019 Enacted FY2020 Request FY2020 HouseReported FY2020 Senate FY2020 Enacted Title I: DOT Discretionary 26,493 21,585 25,327 Mandatory 59,987 61,320 61,321 DOT Total 86,481 82,904 86,648 Title II: HUD 44,208 36,649 50,064 Title III: Other Independent Agencies 361 234 380 Title IV: General Provisions 17 — — Total Discretionary 71,079 58,468 75,771 Total Mandatory 59,987 61,320 61,321 131,066 119,788 137,092 Total Source:

(dollars in millions)

 

FY2019 Enacted

FY2020 Request

FY2020 House-Reported

FY2020 Senate

FY2020 Enacted

Title I: DOT

         

Discretionary

26,493

21,585

25,327

   

Mandatory

59,987

61,320

61,321

   

DOT Total

86,481

82,904

86,648

   

Title II: HUD

44,208

36,649

50,064

   

Title III: Other Independent Agencies

361

234

380

   

Title IV: General Provisions

17

—

—

   

Total Discretionary

71,079

58,468

75,771

   

Total Mandatory

59,987

61,320

61,321

   

Total

131,066

119,788

137,092

    Source: Comparative Statement of Budget Authority, pp. 170-189, in H.Rept. 116-106. . Notes: The THUD totals include both discretionary budget authority and contract authority (a type of budget authority provided to DOT that is not included in the bill’'s discretionary budget authority figure). The total discretionary budget authority for the bill is $75.8 billion. The FY2019 THUD total excludes $5.8 billion in emergency appropriations. Department of Transportation The committee recommended virtually level funding (an increase of $167 million) for DOT for FY2020, relative to the comparable level for FY2019. The details of the recommended funding can be found in Table 2. Table 2. Congressional Research Service 2 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief Table 2. Department of Transportation FY2019-FY2020 Detailed Budget Table (dollars in millions) Department of Transportation Selected Accounts FY2020 HouseReported FY2019 Enacted FY2020 Request National infrastructure investment (BUILD/TIGER) 900 1,000 1,000 Payments to air carriers (Essential Air Service)a 175 125 175 Nationally significant freight projects — 1,035 — 1,241b 2.353 1,386 10,411 10,340 10,678 3,000 3,295 3,000 Research, engineering, & development 191 120 191 Grants-in-aid for airports (Airport Improvement Program) (limitation on obligations) 3,350 3,350 3,350 500 — 500 17,452 17,105 17,719 46,008 47,104 47,104 3,250 300 1,750 — -210 — 49,258 47,194 48,854 FY2020 Senate FY2020 Enacted Office of the Secretary (OST) Total, OST Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Operations Facilities & equipment Airport Discretionary Grants Total, FAA Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Federal-Aid Highways: limitation on obligations + exempt contract authority) Federal-Aid Highways: discretionary funding Rescission of budget authority Total, FHWA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) Motor carrier safety operations and programs 284 288 288 Motor carrier safety grants to states 383 388 389 Total, FMCSA 667 676 677 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Operations and research 342 306 369 Highway traffic safety grants to states (limitation on obligations) 610 623 623 Impaired driving/highway-rail grade crossing safety 14 — 17 Child safety and booster seat grants — — 1 966 929 1,010 Total, NHTSA Congressional Research Service 3 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief Department of Transportation Selected Accounts FY2020 HouseReported FY2019 Enacted FY2020 Request 222 213 227 41 19 42 — — 650 325 700 National Network 1,292 611 1,292 Subtotal, Amtrak grants 1,942 936 1,992 Consolidated rail infrastructure and safety improvements 255 330 350 Federal-state partnership for State of Good Repair 400 — 350 Restoration and enhancement grants 5 550 — Magnetic Levitation Program 10 — 10 Transportation Technology Center — 100 — Rescission — -56 — Total, FRA 2,874 2,093 2,970 113 111 117 9,939 10,150 10,150 5 — 5 2,553 1,505 2,302 Transit Infrastructure grants 700 500 750 Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority 150 150 150 Rescission -47 — — Total, FTA 13,414 12,416 13,474 Maritime Security Program 300 300 300 Operations and training 149 377 154 State maritime academy operations 345 — 345 20 — 20 Ship disposal 5 5 5 Maritime Guaranteed Loan Program 3 — 3 293 — 225 1,115 657 1,053 FY2020 Senate FY2020 Enacted Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Safety and operations Research and development Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing Program subsidy Amtrak Northeast Corridor grants Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Administrative Expenses Formula grants (M) Technical assistance and training Capital Investment Grants (New Starts) Maritime Administration (MARAD) Assistance to small shipyards Port infrastructure development program Total, MARAD Congressional Research Service 4 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief Department of Transportation Selected Accounts FY2019 Enacted FY2020 Request FY2020 HouseReported FY2020 Senate FY2020 Enacted Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) Subtotal 247 226 253 -142 -127 -145 28 28 28 275 255 281 Office of Inspector General 93 92 97 Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation 36 28 40 Appropriation (discretionary funding) 26,540 21,875 25,327 Limitations on obligations (M) 59,987 61,320 61,321 86,185 76,165 87,758 -47 -265 — — — — Net new discretionary funding 26,493 21,585 25,327 Net new budget authority 86,481 82,904 86,648 1,661c — — 88,142 82,904 86,648 Offsetting user fees Emergency preparedness grants (M) Total, PHMSA DOT Totals Subtotal—new funding Rescissions of discretionary funding Rescissions of contract authority Supplemental Emergency Funding Net new budget authority (inc. emergency funding) Source:

FY2019 Enacted

FY2020 Request

FY2020 House-Reported

FY2020 Senate

FY2020 Enacted

Office of the Secretary (OST)

National infrastructure investment (BUILD/TIGER)

900

1,000

1,000

    Payments to air carriers (Essential Air Service)^a

175

125

175

   

Nationally significant freight projects

—

1,035

—

   

Total, OST

1,241^b

2.353

1,386

   

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)

Operations

10,411

10,340

10,678

   

Facilities & equipment

3,000

3,295

3,000

   

Research, engineering, & development

191

120

191

   

Grants-in-aid for airports (Airport Improvement Program) (limitation on obligations)

3,350

3,350

3,350

   

Airport Discretionary Grants

500

—

500

   

Total, FAA

17,452

17,105

17,719

   

Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)

Federal-Aid Highways: limitation on obligations + exempt contract authority)

46,008

47,104

47,104

   

Federal-Aid Highways: discretionary funding

3,250

300

1,750

   

Rescission of budget authority

—

-210

—

   

Total, FHWA

49,258

47,194

48,854

   

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA)

Motor carrier safety operations and programs

284

288

288

   

Motor carrier safety grants to states

383

388

389

   

Total, FMCSA

667

676

677

   

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)

Operations and research

342

306

369

   

Highway traffic safety grants to states (limitation on obligations)

610

623

623

   

Impaired driving/highway-rail grade crossing safety

14

—

17

   

Child safety and booster seat grants

—

—

1

   

Total, NHTSA

966

929

1,010

   

Federal Railroad Administration (FRA)

Safety and operations

222

213

227

   

Research and development

41

19

42

   

Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing Program subsidy

 

—

—

   

Amtrak

         

Northeast Corridor grants

650

325

700

   

National Network

1,292

611

1,292

   

Subtotal, Amtrak grants

1,942

936

1,992

   

Consolidated rail infrastructure and safety improvements

255

330

350

   

Federal-state partnership for State of Good Repair

400

—

350

   

Restoration and enhancement grants

5

550

—

   

Magnetic Levitation Program

10

—

10

   

Transportation Technology Center

—

100

—

   

Rescission

—

-56

—

   

Total, FRA

2,874

2,093

2,970

   

Federal Transit Administration (FTA)

Administrative Expenses

113

111

117

   

Formula grants (M)

9,939

10,150

10,150

   

Technical assistance and training

5

—

5

   

Capital Investment Grants (New Starts)

2,553

1,505

2,302

   

Transit Infrastructure grants

700

500

750

   

Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority

150

150

150

   

Rescission

-47

—

—

   

Total, FTA

13,414

12,416

13,474

   

Maritime Administration (MARAD)

Maritime Security Program

300

300

300

   

Operations and training

149

377

154

   

State maritime academy operations

345

—

345

   

Assistance to small shipyards

20

—

20

   

Ship disposal

5

5

5

   

Maritime Guaranteed Loan Program

3

—

3

   

Port infrastructure development program

293

—

225

   

Total, MARAD

1,115

657

1,053

   

Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA)

Subtotal

247

226

253

   

Offsetting user fees

-142

-127

-145

   

Emergency preparedness grants (M)

28

28

28

   

Total, PHMSA

275

255

281

   

Office of Inspector General

93

92

97

   

Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation

36

28

40

   

DOT Totals

Appropriation (discretionary funding)

26,540

21,875

25,327

   

Limitations on obligations (M)

59,987

61,320

61,321

   

Subtotal—new funding

86,185

76,165

87,758

   

Rescissions of discretionary funding

-47

-265

—

   

Rescissions of contract authority

—

—

—

   

Net new discretionary funding

26,493

21,585

25,327

   

Net new budget authority

86,481

82,904

86,648

   

Supplemental Emergency Funding

1,661^c

—

—

   

Net new budget authority (inc. emergency funding)

88,142

82,904

86,648

    Source: Comparative Statement of Budget Authority, pp. 170-184, in H.Rept. 116-106. . Notes: Totals may not add due to rounding. a. a. In addition to its appropriation, the Essential Air Service program receives funding from overflight fees; for FY2020, those fees will provide an additional $150 million to the program. b. b. The FY2019 figure does not include a one-time $17 million appropriation for the Railroad Rehabilitation and Infrastructure Finance program, provided in Title IV: General Provisions, to cover the cost of DOT defining “cohorts” "cohorts" of loans preparatory to refunding the credit risk premium to borrowers who have repaid their loans. c. c. Includes $1.650 in emergency relief funding through the Federal Highway Administration and $11 million in Public Transportation emergency relief through the Federal Transit Administration provided by P.L. 116-20. Selected DOT Issues Infrastructure Funding P.L. 116-20. Selected DOT Issues Infrastructure Funding The bill would provide several boosts above the authorized levels of infrastructure funding: $1 billion for the BUILD competitive grant program (not an authorized program), $500 million for discretionary grants to airports (in addition to the $3.35 billion authorized), $3.25 billion for highway programs (in addition to the $46 billion authorized amount), and $750 million for transit infrastructure grants (in addition to the $3.5 billion authorized). Some of that funding could potentially go to Amtrak’'s Hudson Tunnel Replacement Project, a project cited as critical by DOT but which has been a source of contention between the Trump Administration and the States of New York and New Jersey. Congressional Research Service 5 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief Commercial Truck Safety The congressional mandate for heavy trucks to be equipped with electronic logging devices (ELDs) to track the time worked by drivers went into effect at the end of 2017.22 ELDs make it harder for drivers to exceed federal-hours-of service limits, which limit the amount of time a driver can drive each day and each week to reduce the risk of truckers driving while fatigued. The hours-of-service limits were not changed when ELDs became mandatory. However, objections from certain sectors of the trucking industry have led Congress and the President to repeatedly waive enforcement of the ELD mandate with respect to livestock haulers, and to consider amending the hours-of-service rules to provide more flexibility to drivers. These steps have been opposed by safety advocates. The THUD bill includes provisions that would extend the waiver for livestock haulers (§131). In the committee report accompanying the bill, the committee directs the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to implement the recommendations in a recent Government Accountability Office report on truck underride guards3guards³ which are intended to prevent cars from “underriding”"underriding" truck trailers in a crash. Underride refers to crashes in which the body of a car goes under a truck trailer, and the first contact between the two vehicles is the roof of the car being sheared off by contact with the trailer. In such crashes the safety features of passenger cars, such as crumple zones, safety belts, and air bags, are not able to protect the vehicle occupants. California High Speed Rail Project The Administration announced in February 2019 that it would cancel the remaining $929 million in federal funding for the California High Speed Rail Project after California’'s new governor announced that the project would be scaled back. Section 193 of the bill would bar DOT from canceling the funding, or from reallocating the money until any litigation concerning the funding is completed. Automobile Fuel Economy Standards Section 145 of the bill would prevent the Administration from suspending the higher corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards that are scheduled to go into effect applying to model year 2022-2025 vehicles.4 4 Department of Housing and Urban Development As shown in Table 3, the President’'s FY2020 budget requested a reduction of 18% relative to FY2019 in gross appropriations available for programs and activities. Conversely, H.R. 3163 proposes to provide an increase of 6.9% in gross appropriations for HUD in FY2020 relative to FY2019. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, “Final Rule: Electronic Logging Devices,” 80 FR 78292, December 16, 2015, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-12-16/pdf/2015-31336.pdf. 3 Government Accountability Office, Truck Underride Guards: Improved Data Collection, Inspections, and Research Needed, GAO-19-264, March 14, 2019. 4 See CRS In Focus IF10871, Vehicle Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas Standards, by Richard K. Lattanzio, Linda Tsang, and Bill Canis for more information. 2 Congressional Research Service 6 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief FY2019. Table 3. Department of Housing and Urban Development, FY2019-FY2020 (dollars in millions) Accounts FY2019 Enacted FY2020 Request FY2020 HouseReported FY2020 Senate FY2020 Enacted Appropriations Salaries and Expenses (Mgmt. & Adm.) 1,379 1,400 1,385 Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8 Housing Choice Vouchers) 22,598 22,238 23,810 Voucher Renewals (non-add) 20,313 20,116 21,400 Administrative Fees (non-add) 1,886 1,738 1,925 VASH 40 0 40 FUP 20 0 40 Mobility Demonstration 25 0 25 Public Housing Capital Fund 2,775 0 2,855a Public Housing Operating Fund 4,653 2,863 4,753 150 0 300 80 75 [100]b Self Sufficiency Programsb NA NA 150 Native American Housing Block Grants 755 600 NAc Native American Housing Block Grants (non-add) 646 598 [671]c

(dollars in millions)

Accounts

FY2019 Enacted

FY2020 Request

FY2020 House-Reported

FY2020 Senate

FY2020 Enacted

Appropriations           Salaries and Expenses (Mgmt. & Adm.)

1,379

1,400

1,385

   

Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8 Housing Choice Vouchers)

22,598

22,238

23,810

    Voucher Renewals (nonadd)

20,313

20,116

21,400

   

Administrative Fees (nonadd)

1,886

1,738

1,925

   

VASH

40

0

40

   

FUP

20

0

40

   

Mobility Demonstration

25

0

25

   

Public Housing Capital Fund

2,775

0

2,855^a    

Public Housing Operating Fund

4,653

2,863

4,753

   

Choice Neighborhoods

150

0

300

   

Family Self Sufficiency

80

75

[100]^b     Self Sufficiency Programs^b

NA

NA

150

   

Native American Housing Block Grants

755

600

NA^c    

Native American Housing Block Grants (nonadd)

646

598

[671]^c     Competitive Grants (non-add) 100 0 [100]c NA NA 855 Indian housing loan guarantee 1 3 3 Native Hawaiian block grant 2 0 3 393 330 410 Community Development Fund 3,365 0 3,600 CDBG Formula Grants 3,300 0 3,600 65 0 [75]c 1,250 0 1,750 54 0 55 Self-Help and Assisted Homeownership Opportunity Program 10 0 10 Section 4 Capacity Building 35 0 40 Rural Capacity Building 5 0 5 Veterans Home Rehabilitation Pilot Program 4 0 0 2,636 2,599 2,800d 11,747 12,020 12,590 Choice Neighborhoods Family Self Sufficiency Native American Programsc Housing, persons with AIDS (HOPWA) Indian Tribes HOME Investment Partnerships Self-Help Homeownership Homeless Assistance Grants Project-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8) Congressional Research Service 7 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief FY2019 Enacted Accounts Contract Renewals FY2020 Request FY2020 HouseReported FY2020 Senate 11,502 11,676 12,245 245 345 345 — 100 0 Housing for the Elderly (Section 202) 678 644 803e Housing for Persons with Disabilities (Section 811) 184 157 259 50 45 60 12 12 12 5 3 3 Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Expensesf 130 150 130 Government National Mortgage Assn. (GNMA) Expensesf 28 28 28 Research and technology 96 87 98 Fair housing activities 65 62 75 Fair Housing Assistance Program (nonadd) 24 24 27 Fair Housing Initiatives Program (nonadd) 40 36 46 Office, lead hazard control 279 290 290 Information Technology Fund 280 280 300 Inspector General 128 129 132 53,774 44,114 57,508 -12 -12 -12 FHA -7,550 -6,271 -6,251 GNMA -2,004 -1,182 -1,182 -9,566 -7,465 -7,445 <1 0 0 <1 0 0 Total Net Discretionary Budget Authority 44,208 36,649g 50,064 Supplemental Disaster Relief Funding 4,111h 0 0 48,319 36,649 50,064 Contract Administrators Rental Assistance Demonstration Housing Counseling Assistance Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fundf Rental Housing Assistance Gross Appropriations Subtotal FY2020 Enacted Offsetting Collections and Receipts Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fund Offsets Subtotal Rescissions Section 237 (Indian Housing Loan Guarantee) Rescissions Subtotal Total w/ Disaster Funding Source: HUD FY2020 Congressional Budget Justifications and Comparative Statement of Budget Authority, pp. 170-189, in H.Rept. 116-106. Congressional Research Service 8 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief Notes: Totals may not add due to rounding. Only selected set-asides are presented in this table. Figures include advance appropriations available in the fiscal year, rather than provided in the bill. a. H.R. 3163 would fund two set-asides generally funded in this account—Resident Opportunities for SelfSufficiency and Jobs-Plus—in a new Self Sufficiency Programs account. See table note b. b. H.R. 3163 would create a new “Self Sufficiency Programs” account and in it provide $100 million for the Family Self Sufficiency Program—$35 million for Resident Opportunities for Self Sufficiency and $15 million for Jobs Plus, both of which are generally funded through set-asides in the Public Housing Capital Fund account. c. H.R. 3163 would create a new Native American Programs account, funding Native American Housing Block Grants, Indian CDBG, and the Tile VI Loan program. d. The proposal in H.R. 3163 for the Homeless Assistance Grants includes $290 million for the Emergency Solutions Grants. The remainder of the funding, for the Continuum of Care program, includes set asides to assist survivors of domestic violence ($50 million) and homeless youth ($100 million, an increase over the $80 million appropriated in FY2019). e. H.R. 3163 would provide $10 million in the Housing for the Elderly account to assist low-income elderly households with home modifications. This amount was also included in the FY2019 appropriation. f. Some or all of the cost of funding these accounts is offset by the collection of fees or other receipts. Those offsets are shown later in this table. g. The President’s Budget request includes $7 million in rescissions of advance appropriations provided in the bill but not available until the subsequent fiscal year. Thus the total requested to be provided in the bill is $7 million less than the amount shown here. h. add)

100

0

[100]^c     Native American Programs^c

NA

NA

855

   

Indian housing loan guarantee

1

3

3

   

Native Hawaiian block grant

2

0

3

   

Housing, persons with AIDS (HOPWA)

393

330

410

   

Community Development Fund

3,365

0

3,600

   

CDBG Formula Grants

3,300

0

3,600

   

Indian Tribes

65

0

[75]^c    

HOME Investment Partnerships

1,250

0

1,750

   

Self-Help Homeownership

54

0

55

   

Self-Help and Assisted Homeownership Opportunity Program

10

0

10

   

Section 4 Capacity Building

35

0

40

   

Rural Capacity Building

5

0

5

   

Veterans Home Rehabilitation Pilot Program

4

0

0

   

Homeless Assistance Grants

2,636

2,599

2,800^d    

Project-Based Rental Assistance (Sec. 8)

11,747

12,020

12,590

   

Contract Renewals

11,502

11,676

12,245

   

Contract Administrators

245

345

345

   

Rental Assistance Demonstration

—

100

0

   

Housing for the Elderly (Section 202)

678

644

803^e    

Housing for Persons with Disabilities (Section 811)

184

157

259

   

Housing Counseling Assistance

50

45

60

    Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fund^f

12

12

12

   

Rental Housing Assistance

5

3

3

    Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Expenses^f

130

150

130

    Government National Mortgage Assn. (GNMA) Expenses^f

28

28

28

   

Research and technology

96

87

98

   

Fair housing activities

65

62

75

   

Fair Housing Assistance Program (nonadd)

24

24

27

   

Fair Housing Initiatives Program (nonadd)

40

36

46

   

Office, lead hazard control

279

290

290

   

Information Technology Fund

280

280

300

   

Inspector General

128

129

132

   

Gross Appropriations Subtotal

53,774

44,114

57,508

   

Offsetting Collections and Receipts

         

Manufactured Housing Fees Trust Fund

-12

-12

-12

   

FHA

-7,550

-6,271

-6,251

   

GNMA

-2,004

-1,182

-1,182

   

Offsets Subtotal

-9,566

-7,465

-7,445

   

Rescissions

         

Section 237 (Indian Housing Loan Guarantee)

<1

0

0

   

Rescissions Subtotal

<1

0

0

   

Total Net Discretionary Budget Authority

44,208

36,649^g

50,064

   

Supplemental Disaster Relief Funding

4,111^h

0

0

   

Total w/ Disaster Funding

48,319

36,649

50,064

    Source: HUD FY2020 Congressional Budget Justifications and Comparative Statement of Budget Authority, pp. 170-189, in H.Rept. 116-106. Notes: Totals may not add due to rounding. Only selected set-asides are presented in this table. Figures include advance appropriations available in the fiscal year, rather than provided in the bill.

a. H.R. 3163 would fund two set-asides generally funded in this account—Resident Opportunities for Self-Sufficiency and Jobs-Plus—in a new Self Sufficiency Programs account. See table note b.

b. H.R. 3163 would create a new "Self Sufficiency Programs" account and in it provide $100 million for the Family Self Sufficiency Program—$35 million for Resident Opportunities for Self Sufficiency and $15 million for Jobs Plus, both of which are generally funded through set-asides in the Public Housing Capital Fund account.

c. H.R. 3163 would create a new Native American Programs account, funding Native American Housing Block Grants, Indian CDBG, and the Tile VI Loan program.

d. The proposal in H.R. 3163 for the Homeless Assistance Grants includes $290 million for the Emergency Solutions Grants. The remainder of the funding, for the Continuum of Care program, includes set asides to assist survivors of domestic violence ($50 million) and homeless youth ($100 million, an increase over the $80 million appropriated in FY2019).

e. H.R. 3163 would provide $10 million in the Housing for the Elderly account to assist low-income elderly households with home modifications. This amount was also included in the FY2019 appropriation.

f. Some or all of the cost of funding these accounts is offset by the collection of fees or other receipts. Those offsets are shown later in this table. g. The President's Budget request includes $7 million in rescissions of advance appropriations provided in the bill but not available until the subsequent fiscal year. Thus the total requested to be provided in the bill is $7 million less than the amount shown here. h. Includes $1.68 billion provided by P.L. 115-254 and $2.431 billion provided by P.L. 116-20 to the Community Development Fund for CDBG-Disaster Relief grants. Selected HUD Issues Grant Funding The President’ Selected HUD Issues Grant Funding The President's budget request for FY2020 again included a proposal to eliminate funding for several HUD grant programs that support various affordable housing and community development activities. Most notable among these are HUD’'s two largest block grant programs for states and localities, CDBG and HOME Investment Partnerships (HOME), as well as competitive grants funded in the Self-Help Homeownership Opportunity Program (SHOP) account (i.e., funding for sweat-equity programs, like Habitat for Humanity, and certain capacitybuildingcapacity-building programs). The HUD press release accompanying the budget request suggests that the activities funded by these grant programs should be devolved to the state and local levels.5 5 These grant programs were also slated for elimination in the President’'s FY2018 and FY2019 budget requests, although they were ultimately funded in each of those fiscal years. H.R. 3163 includes funding for each program. HUD, “Trump Administration Proposes 2020 HUD Budget: Spending plan preserves rental subsidies; increases homeless assistance and healthy housing,” press release, March 11, 2019, https://www.hud.gov/press/ press_releases_media_advisories/HUD_No_19_027. 5 Congressional Research Service 9 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief Rental Assistance Combined, HUD’ includes funding for each program. Rental Assistance Combined, HUD's rental assistance programs (tenant-based rental assistance, public housing, project-based rental assistance, and the Section 202 and Section 811 programs) serve roughly 4.7 million low-income individuals and families. Through the various programs, the federal government provides subsidies to allow families to pay low, income-based rents, generally set at 30% of a family’'s adjusted income. The HUD press release accompanying the budget requests contends that the requested funding for the various rental assistance programs would be sufficient to continue to serve all currently assisted households.66 However, the President’'s budget documents assume adoption of a set of rent reforms designed to increase tenant rents and therefore reduce federal subsidies that were proposed in 2018 but have seen no legislative action in Congress.7 7 H.R. 3163 would not adopt the proposed rent reforms, and instead proposes to provide increased funding for each of these programs. Policy Provisions Policy Provisions H.R. 3163 includes a number of new General Provisions to block HUD’'s implementation of various administrative actions that have been considered controversial:     Section 234 would block HUD’'s implementation of a proposed rule to restrict the eligibility of certain families composed of members with varied immigration statuses from receiving housing assistance.8 8 Section 236 would block HUD from revising or repealing HUD rules related to equal access to housing based on sexual orientation and gender identity. Section 237 could codify other HUD guidance related to transgender persons’ ' access to emergency shelters in accordance with gender identity; and . Section 238 would prevent HUD from altering its Annual Contributions Contracts used in the public housing program without going through a noticeand-rulemaking process. 6 Ibid. See HUD FY2020 Congressional Budget Justifications, “Overview of Rental Assistance Programs”, available at https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/2020CJ-OverviewOfRentalAssistancePrograms.pdf. 8 For more information, see CRS Insight IN11121, HUD’s Proposal to End Assistance to Mixed Status Families. 7 Congressional Research Service 10 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief THUD Independent Agencies notice-and-rulemaking process.THUD Independent Agencies Table 4. THUD Independent Agencies, FY2019-FY2020 (dollars in millions) Related Agencies Access Board FY2019 Enacted FY2020 HouseReported FY2020 Request FY2020 Senate 8 8 8 Federal Maritime Commission 28 28 28 National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak) Office of Inspector General 23 23 23 National Transportation Safety Board 110 110 110 Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (NeighborWorks) 152 27 170 37 37 37 -1 -1 -1 4 1 4 361 234 380 Surface Transportation Board Offsetting Collections U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness Total FY2020 Enacted Source: FY2020 President’s Budget documents and Comparative Statement of Budget Authority, pp. 170-189, in H.Rept. 116-106. Note: Totals may not add due to rounding. Selected Independent Agencies Issues USICH As in FY2018 and FY2019, the President’s FY2020 budget requested legislation to begin the process of winding down the Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH), which was created in 1987 to coordinate across government agencies to reduce and end homelessness. The requested funding level was intended to cover salaries, benefits, and operational costs for permanently closing the agency. The USICH has a statutory sunset date—currently, October 1, 2028—that has

(dollars in millions)

Related Agencies

FY2019 Enacted

FY2020 Request

FY2020 House-Reported

FY2020 Senate

FY2020 Enacted

Access Board

8

8

8

   

Federal Maritime Commission

28

28

28

   

National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak) Office of Inspector General

23

23

23

   

National Transportation Safety Board

110

110

110

   

Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (NeighborWorks)

152

27

170

   

Surface Transportation Board

37

37

37

   

Offsetting Collections

-1

-1

-1

   

U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness

4

1

4

   

Total

361

234

380

 

 

Source: FY2020 President's Budget documents and Comparative Statement of Budget Authority, pp. 170-189, in H.Rept. 116-106.

Note: Totals may not add due to rounding.

Selected Independent Agencies Issues USICH As in FY2018 and FY2019, the President's FY2020 budget requested legislation to begin the process of winding down the Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH), which was created in 1987 to coordinate across government agencies to reduce and end homelessness. The requested funding level was intended to cover salaries, benefits, and operational costs for permanently closing the agency. The USICH has a statutory sunset date—currently, October 1, 2028—that has generally been extended in annual appropriations acts. H.R. 3163 proposes to maintain level funding for the USICH and to extend the statutory sunset date. NeighborWorks America NeighborWorks America Similarly, and as in FY2018 and FY2019, the President’'s FY2020 budget included a request for legislation to begin the process of winding down federal funding for the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (commonly known as NeighborWorks America), which was created via federal charter in 1978 to support affordable housing and neighborhood revitalization nationwide. The requested funding level of $27 million is intended to cover personnel, administrative, and other costs associated with winding down existing commitments. H.R. 3163 proposes to increase funding for NeighborWorks America relative to FY2019. Congressional Research Service 11 THUD FY2020 Appropriations: In Brief Author Information Maggie McCarty

Author Contact Information

Maggie McCarty, Specialist in Housing Policy ([email address scrubbed], [phone number scrubbed]) David Randall Peterman Analyst in Transportation Policy Disclaimer This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in its entirety without permission from CRS. However, as a CRS Report may include copyrighted images or material from a third party, you may need to obtain the permission of the copyright holder if you wish to copy or otherwise use copyrighted material. Congressional Research Service R45774 · VERSION 1 · NEW 12 , Analyst in Transportation Policy ([email address scrubbed], [phone number scrubbed])

Footnotes

1.	The House deeming resolution H.Res. 293. See also the Congressional Budget Office's Status of Discretionary Appropriations: FY20 House, available at https://www.cbo.gov/system/files?file=2019-06/FY2020-House-2019-05-20_0.pdf.
2.	Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, "Final Rule: Electronic Logging Devices," 80 FR 78292, December 16, 2015, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-12-16/pdf/2015-31336.pdf.
3.	Government Accountability Office, Truck Underride Guards: Improved Data Collection, Inspections, and Research Needed, GAO-19-264, March 14, 2019.
4.	See CRS In Focus IF10871, Vehicle Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas Standards, for more information.
5.	HUD, "Trump Administration Proposes 2020 HUD Budget: Spending plan preserves rental subsidies; increases homeless assistance and healthy housing," press release, March 11, 2019, https://www.hud.gov/press/press_releases_media_advisories/HUD_No_19_027.
6.	Ibid.
7.	See HUD FY2020 Congressional Budget Justifications, "Overview of Rental Assistance Programs," available at https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CFO/documents/2020CJ-OverviewOfRentalAssistancePrograms.pdf.
8.	For more information, see CRS Insight IN11121, HUD's Proposal to End Assistance to Mixed Status Families.