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Energy is crucial to the operation of a modern industrial and services economy. Recently, there have been growing concerns about the availability and cost of energy and about environmental impacts of fossil energy use. Those concerns have rekindled interest in energy efficiency, energy conservation, and the development and commercialization of renewable energy technologies.
Many of the existing energy efficiency and renewable energy programs have authorizations tracing back to the 1970s. Many of the programs have been reauthorized and redesigned repeatedly to meet changing economic factors. The programs apply broadly to sectors ranging from industry to academia, and from state and local governments to rural communities.
Since 2005, Congress has enacted several major energy laws: the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58); the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140); the Energy Improvement and Extension Act (EIEA), enacted as Division B of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (EESA; P.L. 110-343); and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA; P.L. 111-5). Each of those laws established, expanded, or modified energy efficiency and renewable energy research, development, demonstration, and deployment (RDD&D) programs. The Department of Energy (DOE) operates the greatest number of efficiency and renewable energy incentive programs. The Department of the Treasury and the Department of Agriculture (USDA) operate several programs. A few programs can also be found among the Departments of the Interior (DOI), Labor (DOL), Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and Veterans Affairs (VA), and the Small Business Administration (SBA).
This report describes federal programs that provide grants, loans, loan guarantees, and other direct or indirect incentives for energy efficiency, energy conservation, and renewable energy. For each program, the report provides the administering agency, authorizing statute(s), annual funding, and the program expiration date. The appendixes provide summary information in a tabular format and also list recently expired programs.
The United States has an abundance of natural resources. For much of the nation's history, energy was not a concern as commerce and industry needs could be met by domestic supplies. However, industrialization and population growth, and the continuing development of a consumer-oriented society, soon led to the necessity of obtaining foreign sources of energy to supplement the demands of a growing economy.
Recognition of the implications of dependence on foreign sources of energy, coupled with concerns over the volatility of prices driven by fluctuations in supply spurred by world events, have led to efforts to increase U.S. energy independence and reduce domestic consumption. The result has been the emergence of a number of programs focused on energy efficiency and conservation of domestic resources and on research programs that target the development of renewable sources of energy. Many of these programs have roots going back almost 40 years and have been redesigned many times over that period.
Many of the current programs have been reauthorized and redesigned periodically to meet changing economic conditions and national interests. The programs apply broadly to sectors ranging from industry to academia, and from state and local governments to rural communities. Each program has been designed to meet current needs as well as future anticipated challenges.
Since 2005, Congress has enacted several major energy laws: the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58); the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140); the Energy Improvement and Extension Act (EIEA), enacted as Division B of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (EESA; P.L. 110-343); and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA; P.L. 111-5). Each of those laws established, expanded, or modified energy efficiency and renewable energy research, development, demonstration, and deployment (RDD&D) programs. The Department of Energy (DOE) operates the greatest number of efficiency and renewable energy incentive programs. The Department of the Treasury and the Department of Agriculture (USDA) operate several programs. A few programs can also be found among the Departments of the Interior (DOI), Labor (DOL), Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and Veterans Affairs (VA), and the Small Business Administration (SBA).
This report outlines current federal programs and provisions providing grants, loans, loan guarantees, and other direct or indirect incentives for energy efficiency, energy conservation, and renewable energy RDD&D. The programs are grouped by administering agency with references to applicable federal agency websites. Incentives are summarized and indexed in the appendixes.
Most program descriptions were compiled from authorizing statutes, the U.S. Code, and Administration budget request documents. Other program descriptions and some funding information were compiled from The Database of State Incentives for Renewables and Efficiency (DSIRE), the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA), and the Energy Star website. Most budgetary figures were compiled from executive agency budget justifications and congressional committee reports. For more information on agriculture-related grant programs, please see CRS Report R43416, Energy Provisions in the 2014 Farm Bill (P.L. 113-79): Status and Funding, by [author name scrubbed]. For more information on programs supporting the development and deployment of alternatives to conventional fuels and engines in transportation, please also see CRS Report R42566, Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Technology Incentives: A Summary of Federal Programs, by [author name scrubbed] et al.
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Administered by |
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) |
|
Authority |
Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-577) Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA; P.L. 94-163) Energy Conservation and Production Act of 1976 (ECPA; P.L. 94-385) Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Energy Tax Act (P.L. 95-618) National Energy Conservation Policy Act of 1978 (NECPA; P.L. 95-619) Powerplant and Industrial Fuel Use Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-620) Energy Security Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-294) National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 (P.L. 100-12) Federal Energy Management Improvement Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-615) Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Technology Competitiveness Act of 1989 (P.L. 101-218) Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (P.L. 101-549) Solar, Wind, Waste, and Geothermal Power Production Incentives Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-575) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Biomass Research and Development Act of 2000 (Title III of Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000; P.L. 106-224) Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-171) Healthy Forest Restoration Act of 2003 (P.L. 108-148) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) The Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-234) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$89.8 million for FY2006 $196.3 million for FY2007 $195.6 million for FY2008 $214 million for FY2009 An additional $777 million in FY2009 from ARRA $220 million for FY2010 $180 million for FY2011 $195 million for FY2012 $185.2 million for FY2013 $182.3 million for FY2014 $175.9 million for FY2015
$225 million for $ |
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Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program works with industrial partners, national laboratories, universities, and other stakeholders to develop the technologies and systems needed to cost-effectively transform the nation's renewable and abundant domestic biomass resources into clean, affordable, and sustainable biofuels, bioproducts, and biopower. In recent years, the program has been primarily geared toward development and deployment of ethanol from non-food feedstocks, but is now expanding its scope to additional alternative fuels, such as bio-butanol, green gasoline, jet fuel, and diesel. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Colleges and universities; profit organizations |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Biomass |
|
For More Information |
See CRS Report R42566, Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Technology Incentives: A Summary of Federal Programs, by [author name scrubbed] et al.; DOE's Bioenergy Technologies Program overview; DOE's Bioenergy Technologies Office – Financial Opportunities online resource; and program number 81.087 at the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) website . |
|
Administered by |
Bioenergy Technologies Office, EERE |
|
Authority |
Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act for FY1987 (P.L. 99-591) |
|
Annual Funding |
$395,000 for FY2007 $75,131 for FY2008 $25,705 for FY2009 $4.8 million for FY2010 $0 for FY2011-
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program provides assistance to increase America's use of fuels, chemicals, materials, and power made from domestic biomass on a sustainable basis. Assistance may be used to develop and transfer any of several biomass energy technologies to the scientific and industrial communities. For regional programs, such technologies will be appropriate for the needs and resources of particular regions of the United States. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State and local governments; colleges and universities; profit organizations; nonprofit organizations |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Biomass |
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For More Information |
See program number 81.079 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Geothermal Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration Act (P.L. 93-410) Department of Energy Organization Act (P.L. 95-91) Energy Tax Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-618) Energy Security Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-294) Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Technology Competitiveness Act of 1989 (P.L. 101-218) Solar, Wind, Waste, and Geothermal Power Production Incentives Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-575) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$68.2 million for FY2006 $5 million for FY2007 $19.3 million for FY2008 $43.3 million for FY2009 An additional $393 million appropriated in FY2009 from ARRA $44 million for FY2010 $37 million for FY2011 $37 million for FY2012 $35 million for FY2013 $44.8 million for FY2014 $ $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program partners the federal government with industry, academia, and research facilities to further the development of geothermal energy technologies. Competitive solicitations issued as Funding Opportunity Announcements (FOAs) are the principal mechanism used by the GTP to contract for cost-shared research, development, and demonstration projects. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Profit organizations; colleges and universities |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Geothermal |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's Geothermal Technologies Program website; and program number 81.087 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-275) Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-577) Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA; P.L. 94-163) Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Research, Development and Demonstration Act (P.L. 94-413) Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Automotive Propulsion Research and Development Act of 1978 (Title III of Department of Energy Act of 1978-Civilian Applications; P.L. 95-238) Methane Transportation Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-512) Energy Security Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-294) Alternative Motor Fuels Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-494) Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-566) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Hydrogen Future Act of 1996 (P.L. 104-271) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$153.4 million for FY2006 $190 million for FY2007 $206.2 million for FY2008 $164.6 million for FY2009 An additional $43 million appropriated in FY2009 from ARRA $174 million for FY2010 $95.8 million for FY2011 $101.3 million for FY2012 $95.8 million for FY2013 $89.5 million for FY2014 $ $ |
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Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program partners with industry, academia, and national laboratories and works in close coordination with Vehicle Technologies and other programs at DOE to overcome technical barriers through R&D of hydrogen production, delivery, and storage technologies; overcome technical barriers to fuel cell technologies for transportation, distributed stationary power, and portable power applications; address safety issues and facilitate the development of model codes and standards; validate and demonstrate hydrogen and fuel cells in real-world conditions; and educate key stakeholders whose acceptance of these technologies will determine their success in the marketplace. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Federal government; national laboratories; colleges and universities; and profit organizations |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Hydrogen and fuel cells |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies website; and program number 81.087 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA; P.L. 94-163) Energy Conservation and Production Act of 1976 (ECPA; P.L. 94-385) Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Solar Photovoltaic Energy Research, Development and Demonstration Act of 1984 (P.L. 95-590) National Energy Conservation Policy Act of 1978 (NECPA; P.L. 95-619) Energy Security Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-294) Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Technology Competitiveness Act of 1989 (P.L. 101-218) Solar, Wind, Waste, and Geothermal Power Production Incentives Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-575) Solar, Wind, Waste, and Geothermal Power Production Incentives Technical Amendments Act of 1991 (P.L. 102-46) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$81.8 million for FY2006 $157 million for FY2007 $166.3 million for FY2008 $172.4 million for FY2009 An additional $116 million appropriated in FY2009 from ARRA $247 million for FY2010 $259.6 million for FY2011 $284.7 million for FY2012 $269.1 million for FY2013 $254.3 million for FY2014 $ $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
SETP partners with industry, national laboratories, and universities to develop and bring reliable and affordable solar energy technologies to the marketplace. This program finances R&D in four major subprograms: Photovoltaics (PV); Concentrating Solar Power (CSP); Systems Integration for Solar Technologies; and Market Transformation for Solar Technologies. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Industry; national laboratories; colleges and universities |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Solar |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's Solar Energy Technologies Program website; and program number 81.087 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA; P.L. 94-163) Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Technology Competitiveness Act of 1989 (P.L. 101-218) Solar, Wind, Waste, and Geothermal Power Production Incentives Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-575) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$495,000 for FY2006 $0 for FY2007 $9.7 million for FY2008 $39.1 million for FY2009 An additional $31.7 million appropriated in FY2009 from ARRA $50 million for FY2010 $29.2 million for FY2011 $58.1 million for FY2012 $54.7 million for FY2013 $57.8 million for FY2014 $ $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program partners with the national laboratories, industry, universities, and other federal agencies to promote the development and deployment of technologies capable of generating environmentally sustainable and cost-effective electricity from the nation's water resources (both conventional and marine and hydrokinetic technologies). |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Federal, state, local, and tribal governments; national laboratories; industry; small businesses; colleges and universities |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Hydroelectric; hydrokinetic energy; wave energy; tidal energy; ocean thermal energy conversion |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's Water Power Program; or program number 81.087 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA; P.L. 94-163) Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Technology Competitiveness Act of 1989 (P.L. 101-218) Solar, Wind, Waste, and Geothermal Power Production Incentives Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-575) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$38.3 million for FY2006 $48.7 million for FY2007 $49 million for FY2008 $54.4 million for FY2009 An additional $106.9 million appropriated in FY2009 from ARRA $80 million for FY2010 $78.8 million for FY2011 $91.8 million for FY2012 $86.1 million for FY2013 $87 million for FY2014 $ $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program partners with federal, state, and other stakeholder groups to conduct research and development activities through competitively selected, cost-shared research and development projects with industry to improve the performance, lower the costs, and accelerate the deployment of wind energy technologies. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Federal, state, local, and tribal governments; national laboratories; industry; small businesses; colleges and universities |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Wind |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's Wind Energy Program website; and program number 81.087 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA; P.L. 94-163) Energy Conservation and Production Act of 1976 (ECPA; P.L. 94-385) Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Energy Tax Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-618) National Energy Conservation Policy Act of 1978 (NECPA; P.L. 95-619) Power Plant and Industrial Fuel Use Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-620) Energy Security Act (P.L. 96-294) National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 (P.L. 100-12) National Appliance Energy Conservation Amendments of 1988 (P.L. 100-357) Federal Energy Management Improvement Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-615) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$68.2 million for FY2006 $103 million for FY2007 $107.4 million for FY2008 $138.1 million for FY2009 An additional $319.2 million appropriated in FY2009 from ARRA $222 million for FY2010 $207.3 million for FY2011 $214.7 million for FY2012 $204.6 million for FY2013 $173.6 million for FY2014 $ $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
In partnership with the private sector, state and local governments, national laboratories, and universities, the Building Technologies Program works to improve the efficiency of buildings and the equipment, components, and systems within them. The program supports research and development (R&D) activities and provides tools, guidelines, training, and access to technical and financial resources. |
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Qualified Applicant(s) |
State and local governments; universities; national laboratories |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Energy-efficient innovations for building envelopes, equipment, lighting, daylighting, and windows; passive solar; photovoltaics; fuel cells; advanced sensors and controls; and combined heating, cooling, and power systems |
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For More Information |
See EERE's Building Technologies Program website . |
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Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy National Energy Conservation Policy Act of 1978 (NECPA; P.L. 95-619) Energy Security Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-294) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486 ) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$227.2 million for FY2008 $450 million for FY2009 An additional $5 billion appropriated in FY2009 from ARRA $270 million for FY2010 $171 million for FY2011 $68 million for FY2012 $131.7 million for FY2013 $173.9 million for FY2014 $193 million for FY2015 $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program reduces energy costs for low-income households by increasing the energy efficiency of their homes while ensuring their health and safety. DOE provides funding and technical guidance to states, which manage the day-to-day details of the program. Low-income families receive services from a network of more than 900 local weatherization service providers who install energy efficiency measures in the homes of qualifying homeowners free of charge. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State and tribal governments, including U.S. territories |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Weatherization technologies include a wide range of energy efficiency measures for retrofitting homes and apartment buildings. Weatherization service providers choose the best package of efficiency measures for each home based on an energy audit of the home. Typical measures may include installing insulation, sealing ducts, tuning and repairing heating and cooling systems, and if indicated, replacement of the same; mitigating air infiltration; and reducing electric base load consumption. |
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For More Information |
See EERE's Weatherization Assistance Program website; and program number 81.042 at the CFDA website . |
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Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA; P.L. 94-163) Energy Conservation and Production Act of 1976 (ECPA; P.L. 94-385) Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) National Energy Conservation Policy Act of 1978 (NECPA; P.L. 95-619) Powerplant and Industrial Fuel Use Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-620) Energy Security Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-294) Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Technology Competitiveness Act of 1989 (P.L. 101-218) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$55.9 million for FY2006 $55.8 million for FY2007 $63.2 million for FY2008 $88.2 million for FY2009 An additional $261.5 million appropriated in FY2009 from ARRA $96 million for FY2010 $105.9 million for FY2011 $112.7 million for FY2012 $114.3 million for FY2013 $175.4 million for FY2014 $ $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
AMO works with industry to improve industrial energy efficiency and environmental performance while increasing productivity by conducting R&D on new energy efficient technologies; supporting commercialization of emerging technologies; providing plants with access to proven technologies, energy assessments, software tools, and other resources; and promoting energy and carbon management in industry. |
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Qualified Applicant(s) |
Industrial organizations |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Crosscutting technologies that improve the efficiency of technologies that are common to many industrial processes and can benefit multiple industries. Crosscutting technology R&D areas include combustion; distributed energy; energy intensity processes; fuel and feedstock liability; industrial materials for the future; nanomanufacturing; and sensors and automation. |
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For More Information |
See EERE's Advanced Manufacturing Office website . |
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Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development Policy Act (P.L. 93-577) |
|
Annual Funding |
$2.8 million for FY2007 $145,000 for FY2008 $1.8 million for FY2009 $3 million for FY2010 $0 for FY2011 $940,000 for FY2012 $1 million for FY2013 $0 for FY2014 -FY2016
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|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program provides financial and technical assistance for research and development of innovative, energy-saving ideas and inventions with future commercial market potential. Inventions and Innovations support energy efficiency and renewable energy technology development in focus areas that align with Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy programs. |
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Qualified Applicant(s) |
Individuals; small businesses |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Specific energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies not listed |
|
For More Information |
See program number 81.036 at the CFDA website. The U.S. Department of Energy's Inventions & Innovations website has been retired. To access information on financial opportunities and current solicitations, visit the Advanced Manufacturing Office's (formerly the Industrial Technologies Program's) financial opportunities website. |
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Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$178.4 million for FY2006 $183.6 million for FY2007 $208.4 million for FY2008 $267.1 million for FY2009 An additional $2.8 billion appropriated in FY2009 from ARRA $311.4 million for FY2010 $293.2 million for FY2011 $321 million for FY2012 $303.2 million for FY2013 $282.2 million for FY2014 $ $ |
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Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
The Vehicle Technologies Program works with industry leaders to develop and deploy advanced transportation technologies that could achieve significant improvements in vehicle fuel efficiency and displace oil with other fuels that ultimately can be domestically produced in a clean and cost-competitive manner. Program activities include research, development, demonstration, testing, technology validation, technology transfer, and education. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Industry; colleges and universities; federal, state, and local governments; national laboratories |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Hybrid electric systems; biofuels or fuels technology; advanced internal combustion engines; advanced propulsion materials |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's Vehicle Technology Program website; and EERE's Vehicle Technologies Program Factsheet . |
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Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-577) Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Further Continuing Appropriations Act for FY1983 (P.L. 97-377) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$87.5 million for FY2008 $203.7 million for FY2009 $1.96 billion for FY2010 $300 million for FY2011 $188.3 million for FY2012 $164 million for FY2013 (est.) $38.5 million for FY2014
$0 for FY2015; $142,414,130 was $50.7 million for FY2016 (est,) |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program provides project grants to conduct balanced, long-term research efforts in buildings technologies, industrial technologies, vehicle technologies, and hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments; universities; profit organizations; and private nonprofit institutions/organizations |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Hydrogen and fuel cells; energy efficient technologies; advanced battery manufacturing |
|
For More Information |
See program number 81.086 at the CFDA website . |
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Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-438) Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) |
|
Annual Funding |
$30 million for FY2007 $39.7 million for FY2008 $38 million for FY2009 $80.4 million for FY2010 $15 million for FY2011 $32.2 million for FY2012 $36.1 million for FY2013 $ $33.1 million for FY2015
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program provides financial assistance for information dissemination, outreach, training, and related technical analysis/assistance that will (1) stimulate increased energy efficiency in transportation, buildings, industry, and the federal sector and encourage increased use of renewable and alternative energy; and (2) accelerate the adoption of new technologies to increase energy efficiency and the use of renewable and alternative energy through the competitive solicitation of applications. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State and local governments; Native American organizations; individuals; universities; profit organizations; private nonprofit organizations; public nonprofit organizations; and Alaskan Native corporations |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Specific energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies not listed |
|
For More Information |
See program number 81.117 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$0 for FY2008 $21.8 million for FY2009 $7.2 million for FY2010. All funds obligated under this program in FY2010 were Recovery Act funds $1 million for FY2011 $0 for FY2012- FY2015 data is currently unavailable; the FY2015 budget request does not provide details on this program. |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program provides financial assistance for the technology deployment, demonstration, and commercialization of energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies. This includes biomass, building technologies, federal energy management, geothermal technologies, projects involving hydrogen, fuel cells and infrastructure technologies, industrial technologies, solar energy technologies, vehicle technologies, weatherization and intergovernmental technologies, and wind and hydropower technologies. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State governments; profit organizations |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Biomass; geothermal; hydrogen and fuel cell technologies; solar; hydropower |
|
For More Information |
See program number 81.129 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486), Title XII, Section 1212 Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58), Title II, Subtitle A, Section 202) |
|
Annual Funding |
$4.95 million for FY2006 $4.95 million for FY2007 $4.95 million for FY2008 $5 million for FY2009 $0 for FY2010- $0 |
|
Scheduled Termination |
End of FY2026 |
|
Description |
This program provides incentive payments for electricity generated and sold by new qualifying renewable energy facilities. Qualifying systems are eligible for annual incentive payments of 1.5¢ per kilowatt-hour in 1993 dollars (indexed for inflation) for the first 10-year period of their operation, subject to the availability of annual appropriations in each federal fiscal year of operation. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments; public utilities; not-for-profit electrical cooperatives; Native American corporations |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Solar thermal electric; photovoltaics; landfill gas; wind; biomass; geothermal electric; anaerobic digestion; tidal energy; wave energy; ocean thermal |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's Renewable Energy Production Incentive Program website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Department of Energy Act of 1978-Civilian Applications (P.L. 95-238), Section 207 Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Technology Competitiveness Act of 1989 (P.L. 101-218) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$520 million for FY2008 $472.8 million for FY2009 $2.3 billion for FY2010 from ARRA funds $114.7 million for FY2011 $233.2 million for FY2012 $356.6 million for FY2013 $ FY2015 data is currently unavailable; the FY2015 budget request does not provide details on this program. $0 for FY2015 (est.); $109,404,355 was de-obligated from this CFDA program number for FY2015 $115.2 million for FY2016 (est.) FY2017 budget request data is unavailable; the FY2017 DOE budget justifications do not provide details on this program. Breakdown of additional funds appropriated from ARRA (2010): Biomass—$800 million Geothermal—$400 million Hydrogen/Fuel Cell—$43.4 million Solar—$117.6 million Wind and Hydropower—$118 million |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program provides financial assistance to conduct balanced research and development efforts in the following energy technologies: solar, biomass, hydrogen, fuel cells and infrastructure, wind and hydropower, hydrogen, and geothermal. Assistance may be used to develop and transfer renewable energy technologies to the scientific and industrial communities, states, and local governments. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments; colleges and universities; profit organizations; private nonprofit organizations |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Solar; biomass; hydrogen; fuel cells; wind; hydropower; geothermal |
|
For More Information |
See program number 81.087 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA; P.L. 94-163) Energy National Energy Conservation Policy Act of 1978 (NECPA; P.L. 95-619) State Energy Efficiency Programs Improvement Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-440) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Conservation Reauthorization Act of 1998 (P.L. 105-388) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$44.1 million for FY2008 $50 million for FY2009 An additional $3.1 billion appropriated in FY2009 from ARRA $50 million for FY2010 $50 million for FY2011 $50 million for FY2012 $47.1 million for FY2013 $50 million for FY2014 $50 million for FY2015 $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
SEP provides grants to states to design and carry out their own renewable energy and energy efficiency programs. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State and tribal governments, including U.S. territories |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Emerging renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's State Energy Program website; and program number 81.041 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE/Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA; P.L. 94-163) Energy Conservation and Production Act of 1976 (ECPA; P.L. 94-385) Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Energy Tax Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-618) National Energy Conservation Policy Act of 1978 (NECPA; P.L. 95-619) Power Plant and Industrial Fuel Use Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-620) Energy Security Act (P.L. 96-294) Federal Energy Management Improvement Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-615) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$3.96 million for FY2006 $3.96 million for FY2007 $5.95 million for FY2008 $6 million for FY2009 $10 million for FY2010 $7 million for FY2011 $10 million for FY2012 $9.4 million for FY2013 $8.3 million for FY20141 $ $16 |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program promotes tribal energy sufficiency, economic growth, and employment on tribal lands through the development of renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies. The program provides financial assistance, technical assistance, education, and training to tribes for the evaluation and development of renewable energy resources and energy efficiency measures. In FY2015, DOE transferred TEP from the Weatherization and Intergovernmental Program (WIP) to the new Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs (IE). |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Tribal governments |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Energy efficient technologies: clothes washers; refrigerators/freezers; water heaters; lighting; lighting controls/sensors; chillers; furnaces; boilers; air conditioners; programmable thermostats; energy management; systems/building controls; caulking/weather-stripping; duct/air sealing; building insulation; windows; doors; siding; roofs; comprehensive measures/whole building; and other energy efficiency improvements may be eligible. Renewable energy technologies: passive solar space heat; solar water heat; solar space heat; photovoltaics; wind; biomass; hydroelectric; geothermal electric; geothermal heat pumps |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's Tribal Energy Program website; and DSIRE's program summary for the Tribal Energy Program . |
|
Administered by |
Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) |
|
Authority |
America Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) COMPETES Act (P.L. 110-69), Section 5012 American COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-358) |
|
Annual Funding |
$15 million for FY2009 An additional $388.9 million in FY2009 from ARRA $0 for FY2010 $165.6 million for FY2011 $275 million for FY2012 $250.6 million for FY2013 $280 million for FY2014 $280 million for FY2015 $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
After ARPA-E has been in operation for six years, the Secretary of Energy shall offer to enter into a contract with the National Academy of Sciences under which the National Academy shall conduct an evaluation of how well ARPA-E is achieving its goals and mission. The evaluation shall include the recommendation of the National Academy of Sciences on whether ARPA-E should be continued or terminated. |
|
Description |
This program will fund organizations that have proposed sophisticated energy technology R&D projects that (1) translate scientific discoveries and cutting-edge inventions into technological innovations and (2) accelerate transformational technological advances in areas that industry by itself is not likely to undertake because of high technical or financial risk. Transformational energy technologies are those that have the potential to create new paradigms in how energy is produced, transmitted, used, or stored. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
ARPA-E welcomes submissions from any type of capable technology research and development entity. This includes, but is not limited to for-profit entities, academic institutions, research foundations, not-for-profit entities, collaborations, and consortia. The lead organization that will enter into the agreement with ARPA-E must be a U.S. entity. |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Transformational energy technologies |
|
For More Information |
See ARPA-E's Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) website; and program number 81.135 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE) |
|
Authority |
Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-91) Energy Security Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-294) National Superconductivity and Competitiveness Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-697) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$82.8 million for FY2008 $83.1 million for FY2009 An additional $4.5 billion was appropriated to the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability in FY2009 from ARRA. Approximately $4 billion of that total was used to implement smart grid programs authorized by EISA and accelerate the deployment of smart grid technologies across the transmission and distributions. $121.4 million for FY2010 $138.2 million for FY2011 $136.2 million for FY2012 $129.2 million for FY2013 $144.2 million for FY2014 $ $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This grant program aims to develop cost-effective technology that enhances the reliability, efficiency, and resiliency of the electric grid. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments; universities; profit organizations; private nonprofit organizations; research organizations |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Specific technologies not listed |
|
For More Information |
See program number 81.122 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (EPCA; P.L. 94-163) Energy Conservation and Production Act of 1976 (ECPA; P.L. 94-385) Department of Energy Organization Act (P.L. 95-91) National Energy Conservation Policy Act of 1978 (NECPA; P.L. 95-619) Federal Energy Management Improvement Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-615) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) |
|
Annual Funding |
$19 million for FY2006 $19.5 million for FY2007 $19.8 million for FY2008 $22 million for FY2009 An additional $22.4 million in FY2009 from ARRA $32 million for FY2010 $30.4 million for FY2011 $29.9 million for FY2012 $28.3 million for FY2013 $28.2 million for FY2014 $27 million for FY2015 $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
FEMP assists federal agencies in developing and implementing energy efficient and renewable energy resources to meet energy management regulations and goals. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Federal agencies |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Energy efficient technologies; solar; wind; incremental hydro; ocean; biomass; geothermal |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's Federal Energy Management Program website . |
|
Administered by |
Office of Science |
|
Authority |
Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (P.L. 83-703), Section 31 Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-438), Title I, Section 107 Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-577) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$974 million for FY2008 $1.4 billion for FY2009 $1.3 billion for FY2010 $1.3 billion for FY2011 $1 billion for FY2012 $965.1 million for FY2013 $1.1 billion for FY2014 $1.1 billion for FY2015 $1.1 billion for FY2016 |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program provides financial support for fundamental research in the basic sciences and advanced technology concepts and assessments in fields related to energy. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments; colleges and universities; profit commercial organizations; private nonprofit organizations; public nonprofit organizations; small businesses |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Specific advanced technologies not listed |
|
For More Information |
See program number 81.049 at the CFDA website; and the Office of Science's Funding Opportunities website . |
|
Administered by |
Office of the Chief Financial Officer |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58), Title XVII American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2009 (P.L. 111-8) Department of Defense and Full-Year Continuing Appropriations Act, 2011 (P.L. 112-10) |
|
Annual Funding |
Section 1703 Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program (permanent) $4.5 million for FY2008 $0 for FY2009 $0 for FY2010 $169.6 million for FY2011 $0 for FY2012 $0 for FY2013 $7.9 million for FY2014 $17 million for FY2015 $ $10 million requested for FY20178 Section 1705 Temporary Loan Guarantee Program $0 for FY2008 $6 billion was appropriated for FY2009. However, $2 billion of that funding was transferred to the "cash for clunkers" automobile trade-in program by P.L. 111-47. $0 for FY2010- $0 requested for |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None for the permanent (Section 1703) loan guarantee program. Projects authorized by the temporary loan guarantee (Section 1705) had to begin construction no later than September 30, 2011. LPO continues to administer and monitor loan guarantees for Section 1705 projects. |
|
Description |
This program provides federal loan guarantees to encourage early commercial use in the United States of new or significantly improved technologies in energy projects that (1) avoid, reduce, or sequester air pollutants or anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases; and (2) employ new or significantly improved technologies as compared to commercial technologies in service in the United States at the time the guarantee is issued. Temporary loan guarantees were also made under Section 1705 for rapid deployment of certain renewable and electric transmission projects up through September 30, 2011. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments; universities; profit organizations; and public nonprofit organizations. No federal entity may apply |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Solar thermal electric; solar thermal process heat; photovoltaics; wind; hydroelectric; renewable transportation fuels; geothermal electric; fuel cells; manufacturing facilities; daylighting; tidal energy; wave energy; ocean thermal; biodiesel |
|
For More Information |
See program number 81.126 at the CFDA website; DSIRE's program summary for the Loan Guarantee Program; and DOE's Loan Guarantee Program website . |
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Small Business Innovation Development Act of 1982 (P.L. 97-219) Small Business Research and Development Act of 1992 (P.L. 102-564) Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2001 (P.L. 106-554), Title I (Small Business Innovation Research Program Reauthorization Act of 2000) Small Business Technology Transfer Program Reauthorization Act of 2001 (P.L. 107-50) SBIR/STTR Reauthorization Act of 2011 (P.L. 112-81, Div. E, Title L) |
|
Annual Funding |
$24.2 million for FY2011 $29.1 million for FY2012 $26.4 million for FY2013 (SBIR: $23.4 million; STTR: $3 million) $30.8 million for FY2014 (SBIR: $27.4 million; STTR: $3.4 million) $ $ |
|
Scheduled Termination |
The SBIR/STTR Reauthorization Act of 2011 (P.L. 112-81, Div. E, Title L) reauthorized the program through FY2017. |
|
Description |
Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfers (STTR) are U.S. government programs in which federal agencies with large research and development (R&D) budgets set aside a small fraction of their funding for competitions among small businesses only. DOE's SBIR-STTR program is designed to stimulate technological innovation by small advanced technology firms and provide new, cost-effective scientific and engineering solutions to challenging problems. EERE funds appropriated for SBIR/STTR are allocated to larger EERE technology programs, detailed earlier in this report, including Biomass, Geothermal, Hydrogen & Fuel Cell, Solar Energy, Water Power, Wind Energy, Advanced Manufacturing, Building Technologies, and Vehicle Technologies. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Small businesses |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Research areas include energy production (fossil, nuclear, renewable, and fusion energy); energy use (in buildings, vehicles, and industry); fundamental energy sciences (materials, life, environmental, and computational sciences, and nuclear and high energy physics); environmental management; and nuclear nonproliferation |
|
For More Information |
See EERE's Small Business Innovation Research/Small Business Technology Transfers (SBIR/STTR) website; and program number 10.212 (SBIR) at the CFDA website . |
Please note that tax credits for biodieselbiofuels and vehicles are covered in detail another CRS Report R42566, Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Technology Incentives: A Summary of Federal Programs, by [author name scrubbed] et al.
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
Authority |
26 U.S.C. §136 |
|
Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996 (P.L. 104-188) |
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
Energy conservation subsidies provided by public utilities, either directly or indirectly, are nontaxable: "Gross income shall not include the value of any subsidy provided (directly or indirectly) by a public utility to a customer for the purchase or installation of any energy conservation measure." |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Residential; multi-family residential |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Technologies installed to reduce electricity or natural gas consumption or improve the management of energy demand in a dwelling unit, including, but not limited to, solar water heat; solar space heat; photovoltaics; and other energy efficiency technologies not identified. |
|
For More Information |
See the IRS Publication 525 ( |
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
Authority |
26 U.S.C. §25C |
|
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 (EIA; P.L. 110-343) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (ATRA, P.L. 112-240) Tax Increase Prevention Act of 2014 (P.L. 113-295) Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-113) |
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
December 31, |
|
Description |
A 10% credit for energy efficiency improvements to the building envelope of existing homes and for the purchase of high-efficiency heating, cooling, and water-heating equipment. Efficiency improvements or equipment must have served a dwelling in the United States that is owned and used by the taxpayer as a primary residence. The maximum lifetime amount of homeowner credit for all improvements combined is $500 total. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Residential |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Water heaters; furnace; boilers; heat pumps; air conditioners; building insulation; windows; doors; roofs; circulating fans used in a qualifying furnace; biomass and stoves that use qualified biomass fuel |
|
For More Information |
See the Internal Revenue Service website, Form 5695 & Instructions: Residential Energy Credits; and CRS Report R42089, Residential Energy Tax Credits: Overview and Analysis, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]. . |
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
|
Authority |
26 U.S.C. §25D |
|
|
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-343) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) | ||
|
Scheduled Termination |
December 31, 2016 Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-113)
|
Scheduled Termination December 31, 2021, for solar technologies; December 31, 2016, for all other renewable technologies |
|
Description |
A taxpayer may claim a credit of 30% of qualified expenditures for a system that serves a dwelling unit located in the United States and used as a residence by the taxpayer. The 30% credit for solar energy systems remains in place through December 31, 2019, but is gradually reduced over the tax credit's final two years: 26% for 2020 and 22% for 2021. |
|
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Residential |
|
|
Qualified Technologies |
Solar water heat; photovoltaics; wind; fuel cells; geothermal heat pumps; other solar electric technologies |
|
|
For More Information |
See IRS Form 5695 |
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
Authority |
26 U.S.C §48 |
|
Energy Tax Act of 1978 (P.L. 95- Windfall Profit Tax Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-223) Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA86; P.L. 99-514) Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-647) Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989 (P.L. 101-239) Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-508) Tax Extension Act of 1991 (P.L. 102-227) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (P.L. 102-486) Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 (EISA; P.L. 110-343) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-113) |
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2019, for large wind energy systems; No expiration date for geothermal electric and solar energy systems. |
|
Description |
Credit is 30% for solar lighting, fuel cells, and small wind energy systems;
30% for large wind systems for 2016, gradually reducing each year to 12% in 2019; 30% for solar energy systems through December 31, 2019, gradually reducing each year to 10% in 2022 for all future years; 10% for geothermal, microturbines, and CHP; |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Commercial; industrial; utilities; agricultural |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Solar water heat; solar space heat; solar thermal electric; solar thermal process heat; photovoltaics; wind; biomass; geothermal electric; fuel cells; geothermal heat pumps; CHP/Cogeneration; solar hybrid lighting; direct-use geothermal; microturbines |
|
For More Information |
See IRS Form 3468 (Investment Credit) ; and CRS In Focus IF10479, The Energy Credit: An Investment Tax Credit for Renewable Energy, by [author name scrubbed]. |
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
Authority |
26 U.S.C. §179D |
|
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 (P.L. 109-432) Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-343) Tax Increase Prevention Act (P.L. 113-295) Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-113) |
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
December 31, |
|
Description |
A tax deduction of $1.80 per square foot is available to owners of new or existing buildings who install (1) interior lighting, (2) building envelope, or (3) heating, cooling, ventilation, or hot water systems that reduce the building's total energy and power cost by 50% or more in comparison to a building meeting minimum requirements originally set by ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001 and updated by the Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes (PATH) Act of 2015 (P.L. 114-113, Division Q, §190). Energy savings must be calculated using qualified computer software approved by the IRS. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Commercial; builder/developer; state government; federal government (deductions associated with government buildings are transferred to the designer) |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Equipment insulation; water heaters; lighting; lighting controls/sensors; chillers; furnaces; boilers; heat pumps; air conditioners; caulking/weather-stripping; duct/air sealing; building insulation; windows; doors; siding; roofs; comprehensive measures/whole building |
|
For More Information |
See |
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
Authority |
26 U.S.C. §45L |
|
Tax Technical Corrections Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-172) Energy Improvement and Extension Act (EIA; P.L. 110-343) Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-312) Tax Increase Prevention Act (P.L. 113-295) Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-113) |
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
December 31, |
|
Description |
This program provided tax credits of up to $2,000 for builders of all new energy-efficient homes, including manufactured homes constructed in accordance with the Federal Manufactured Homes Construction and Safety Standards. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Builder/developer |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Comprehensive measures/whole building |
|
For More Information |
See IRS Form 8908 (Energy Efficient Home Credit) . |
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
|
Authorizing Statute(s) |
26 U.S.C. §45 |
|
|
Internal Revenue Code |
Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-170) Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act (P.L. 107-147) Working Families Tax Relief Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-311) American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-357) Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 (P.L. 109-432) Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-343) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (ATRA, P.L. 112-240) Tax Increase Prevention Act (P.L. 113-295) | |
|
Scheduled Termination |
December 31, 2014 Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-113)
|
Scheduled Termination December 31, 2019, for wind energy facilities; December 31, 2016, for all other technologies |
|
Description |
The federal renewable electricity Production Tax Credit (PTC) is a per-kilowatt-hour tax credit for electricity generated by qualified energy resources and sold by the taxpayer to an unrelated person during the taxable year. P.L. 114-113 extended the expiration date for this tax credit to December 31, 2019, for wind facilities commencing construction, with a phase-down beginning for wind projects commencing construction after December 31, 2016. The act also extended the tax credit for other eligible renewable energy technologies commencing construction through December 31, 2016. |
|
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Commercial; industrial |
|
|
Qualified Technologies |
Landfill gas; wind; biomass; hydroelectric; geothermal electric; municipal solid waste; hydrokinetic power (i.e., flowing water); anaerobic digestion; small hydroelectric; tidal energy; wave energy; ocean thermal |
|
|
For More Information |
See IRS Notice |
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
Authority |
26 U.S.C. §54A 26 U.S.C. §54D 26 U.S.C. §6431 |
|
Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-343) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
All funds have been allocated to the states. No new federal funding is available. There may be funding available in certain states. |
|
Description |
QECBs may be used by state, local, and tribal governments to finance certain types of energy projects. QECBs, as tax credit bonds, provide federally subsidized financing to all issuers. The original limit on the volume of energy conservation tax credit bonds to be issued by state and local governments was $800 million. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 expanded the allowable bond volume to $3.2 billion. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Solar thermal electric; photovoltaics; landfill gas; wind; biomass; hydroelectric; geothermal electric; municipal solid waste; hydrokinetic power; anaerobic digestion; tidal energy; wave energy; ocean thermal |
|
For More Information |
IRS Notice 2009-29; IRS Notice 2010-35; IRS Announcement 2010-54; and CRS Report R41573, Tax-Favored Financing for Renewable Energy Resources and Energy Efficiency, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed] . |
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
Authority |
26 U.S.C. §168 26 U.S.C. §48 |
|
Tax Reform Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-514) American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (ATRA, P.L. 112-240) Tax Increase Prevention Act of 2014 (P.L. 113-295) Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-113) |
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
Under MACRS, businesses may recover investments in certain property through depreciation deductions. The MACRS establishes a set of class lives for various types of property, ranging from 3 to 50 years, over which the property may be depreciated. A number of renewable energy technologies are classified as five-year property (26 U.S.C. 168(e)(3)(B)(vi)) under MACRS. P.L. 114-113, signed in December 2015, extended the "placed in service" deadline for bonus depreciation. Equipment placed in service before January 1, 2018, can qualify for 50% bonus depreciation; during 2018, for 40% and during 2019, for 30%. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Commercial; industrial |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Solar water heat; solar space heat; solar thermal electric; solar thermal process heat; photovoltaics; landfill gas; wind; biomass; renewable transportation fuels; geothermal electric; fuel cells; geothermal heat pumps; municipal solid waste; CHP/cogeneration; solar hybrid lighting; direct use geothermal; anaerobic digestion; microturbines |
|
For More Information |
See IRS Publication 946, IRS Form 4562: Depreciation and Amortization, and Instructions for Form 4562 . |
|
Administered by |
Rural Development |
|
Authority |
Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (P.L. 74-605) Grain Standards and Warehouse Improvement Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-472) |
|
Annual Funding |
$34.8 million for FY2005 $27.8 million for FY2006 $27.8 million for FY2007 $21.3 million for FY2008 $17.5 million for FY2009 $17.5 million for FY2010 $12.0 million for FY2011 $9.5 million for FY2012 $9.2 million for FY2013 $10 million for FY2014 $10 million for FY2015 $10 million for FY2016 No funds proposed for FY2017 |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program provides financial assistance to rural communities with extremely high energy costs (exceeding 275% of the national average). |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments (including U.S. territories); for-profit businesses; non-profit businesses; cooperatives; individuals |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Not specifically identified |
|
For More Information |
See CFDA program number 10.859 and the USDA program website. |
|
Administered by |
Rural Development |
|
Authority |
Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-234), Title IX, Section Agricultural Act of 2014 (P.L. 113-79) |
|
Annual Funding |
Mandatory: The 2014 farm bill (P.L. 113-79) authorized mandatory funding of $15 million annually for FY2014-FY2018 to remain available until expended. Congress then lowered funding authority for FY2014 by $8 million through the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2014 (P.L. 113-76). The 2008 farm bill (P.L. 110-246) authorized mandatory CCC Discretionary: Discretionary funding of $20 million annually for FY2014-FY2018 was authorized to be appropriated under the 2014 farm bill, whereas under the 2008 farm bill $25 million annually was authorized to be appropriated for FY2009-FY2013. However, no discretionary funding has been appropriated for the Bioenergy Program for Advanced Biofuels through |
|
Scheduled Termination |
Mandatory funding authorized through FY2018. |
|
Description |
To support and ensure an expanding production of advanced biofuels by providing payments to eligible advanced biofuel producers. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Eligible advanced biofuels producers |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Payments will be made to eligible advanced biofuel producers for the production of fuel derived from renewable biomass, other than corn kernel starch, to include biofuel derived from cellulose, hemicellulose, or lignin; biofuel derived from sugar and starch (other than ethanol derived from corn kernel starch); biofuel derived from waste material, including crop residue, other vegetative waste material, animal waste, food waste, and yard waste; diesel-equivalent fuel derived from renewable biomass, including vegetable oil and animal fat; biogas (including landfill gas and sewage waste treatment gas) produced through the conversion of organic matter from renewable biomass; butanol or other alcohols produced through the conversion of organic matter from renewable biomass; and other fuel derived from cellulosic biomass |
|
For More Information |
See program number 10.867 on the CFDA website; USDA program website; and CRS Report R43416, Energy Provisions in the 2014 Farm Bill (P.L. 113-79): Status and Funding, by [author name scrubbed]. |
|
Administered by |
Farm Services Agency (FSA) |
|
Authority |
|
|
Annual Funding |
• Mandatory: The 2014 farm bill authorized mandatory funding of $25 million annually from FY2014 through FY2018. • Discretionary: Under ATRA discretionary funding of $20 million was authorized to be appropriated for FY2013, but Congress appropriated no discretionary funds. No other discretionary funding has been authorized. • For more on these changes in mandatory program spending, see CRS Report R41245, Reductions in Mandatory Agriculture Program Spending, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]. For more information on the 2010 supplemental, see CRS Report R41255, FY2010 Supplemental Appropriations for Agriculture, by [author name scrubbed]. |
|
Scheduled Termination |
Funding authorized through FY2018 |
|
Description |
BCAP provides assistance to support the production of eligible biomass crops on land within approved BCAP project areas. In exchange for growing eligible crops, the FSA will provide annual payments through 5- to 15-year contracts. Under these contracts up to 50% of establishment costs may also be provided. FSA will also provide matching payments to eligible material owners at a rate of $1 for each $1 per dry ton paid by a qualified biomass conversion facility. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Eligible biomass material owners and eligible biomass producers |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Eligible material for a matching payment is renewable biomass, as defined by the 2008 farm bill, with several important exclusions including harvested grains, fiber, or other commodities eligible to receive payments under the Commodity Title (Title I) of the 2008 farm bill (the residues of these commodities, however, are eligible and may qualify for payment) |
|
For More Information |
See the USDA BCAP website; CRS Report R41296, Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP): Status and Issues, by [author name scrubbed]; and CRS Report R43416, Energy Provisions in the 2014 Farm Bill (P.L. 113-79): Status and Funding, by [author name scrubbed]. |
|
Administered by |
Rural Development |
|
Authority |
Title IX of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (FSRIA; P.L. 107-171) is amended by Title IX, Section 9001 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-246) creating new Section 9003 under FSIRA; Agricultural Act of 2014 (P.L. 113-79) Agricultural Act of 2014 (P.L. 113-79, Title IX, Section 9003) amended and renamed the program as the Biorefinery, Renewable Chemical and Biobased Product Manufacturing Assistance Program |
|
Annual Funding |
• Mandatory: Under the 2014 farm bill, mandatory CCC funding of $100 million in FY2014 and $50 million each for FY2015 and FY2016 (to remain available until expended) was authorized for loan guarantees. Thus, there is no new baseline funding after FY2016. Funding for grants is eliminated. Also, P.L. 113-79 • Discretionary: Funds of $75 million annually are authorized to be appropriated for FY2014-FY2018. For FY2009- |
|
Scheduled Termination |
Funding authorized through FY2016 |
|
Description |
The purpose is to assist in the development of new and emerging technologies for the development of advanced biofuels, so as to increase the energy independence of the United States; promote resource conservation, public health, and the environment; diversify markets for agricultural and forestry products and agriculture waste material; and create jobs and enhance the economic development of the rural economy. Loan guarantees are made to fund the development, construction, and retrofitting of commercial-scale biorefineries using eligible technology. The maximum loan guarantee is $250 million. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Individuals, tribal entities, state government entities, local government entities, corporations, farm cooperatives, farmer cooperative organizations, associations of agricultural producers, national laboratories, institutions of higher education, rural electric cooperatives, public power entities, and consortia of any of the previous entities |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Technologies being adopted in a viable commercial-scale operation of a biorefinery that produces an advanced biofuel; and technologies that have been demonstrated to have technical and economic potential for commercial application in a biorefinery that produces an advanced biofuel |
|
For More Information |
See the USDA program website; CFDA program number 10.865; and CRS Report R43416, Energy Provisions in the 2014 Farm Bill (P.L. 113-79): Status and Funding, by [author name scrubbed]. |
|
Administered by |
Forest Service |
|
Authority |
|
|
Annual Funding |
• Mandatory: No mandatory funding has been authorized. • Discretionary: Discretionary funding of $5 million annually was authorized to be appropriated for FY2014-FY2018 under the 2014 farm bill. For FY2009-FY2013, Congress also authorized to be appropriated $5 million annually. The Forest Service was awarded $49 million in funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA, P.L. 111-5) for wood-to-energy projects, and the appropriations committee reports in FY2010 and FY2011 directed the use of $5 million in hazardous fuels funds for biomass energy projects. Under the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (P.L. 112-240), discretionary funding of $15 million was authorized to be appropriated for FY2013, but the program did not receive an appropriation. |
|
Scheduled Termination |
Funding authorized through FY2018 |
|
Description |
Grants awarded for systems smaller than 5 million Btu per hour for heating (or 2 megawatts) for electric power production as directed by statute. At least a 50% match is required from non-federal funds for grants. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State and local governments |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Biomass |
|
For More Information |
See CRS Report R43416, Energy Provisions in the 2014 Farm Bill (P.L. 113-79): Status and Funding, by [author name scrubbed]. |
|
Administered by |
National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) |
|
Authority |
National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (P.L. 95-113) Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-246) Agricultural Act of 2014 (P.L. 113-79) |
|
Annual Funding |
This program has not been funded since FY2011. The program received $875,000 for FY2010; and an estimated $875,000 for FY2011. The Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, P.L. 112-55, did not provide funding for the New Era Rural Technology Competitive Grants Program (RTP) in FY2012. |
|
Scheduled Termination |
Authorized through FY2013; This program has not been funded since FY2011. However, the award(s) have not yet reached Statutory Time Limit. Hence, NIFA does not wish to archive this CFDA Program. |
|
Description |
This program provides grant funding for approved technology development, applied research, and training to develop an agriculture-based renewable energy workforce. The initiative supports bioenergy, pulp and paper manufacturing, and agriculture-based renewable energy resources. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Public or private nonprofit community colleges; advanced technology centers |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Biomass; bioenergy |
|
For More Information |
See the CFDA website, program number 10.314, and the USDA website . |
|
Administered by |
Rural Development |
|
Authority |
|
|
Annual Funding |
• Mandatory: Under the 2014 farm bill, mandatory funding of $12 million for FY2014 was authorized, to remain available until expended (i.e., no new baseline funding after FY2014). For FY2015, Congress reduced available funds by $8 million through the FY2015 agricultural appropriations act, P.L. 113-235. Under the agricultural appropriations act for FY2013 (P.L. 113-6), Congress directed that funds available for this program be reduced by $28 million. Under the 2008 farm bill (P.L. 113-79) mandatory funding of $35 million for FY2009, was authorized to remain available until expended. • Discretionary: The 2014 farm bill authorized discretionary funding of $10 million annually to be appropriated for FY2014-FY2018. Discretionary funding of $15 million annually for FY2009-FY2013 was authorized to be appropriated under the 2008 farm bill and the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (ATRA; P.L. 112-240, §701) extension; of this amount, $15 million was appropriated in FY2010 through FY2013. |
|
Scheduled Termination |
Authorized through FY2018 |
|
Description |
The Repowering Assistance Program (RAP) makes payments to eligible biorefineries (those in existence on the date of enactment of the 2008 farm bill, June 18, 2008) to encourage the use of renewable biomass as a replacement for fossil fuels used to provide heat for processing or power in the operation of these eligible biorefineries. Not more than 5% of the funds shall be made available to eligible producers with a refining capacity exceeding 150 million gallons of advanced biofuel per year. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Eligible biorefinery. The biorefinery must have been in existence on or before June 18, 2008. |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Renewable biomass |
|
For More Information |
See program number 10.866 on the CFDA website, the USDA program website; and CRS Report R43416, Energy Provisions in the 2014 Farm Bill (P.L. 113-79): Status and Funding, by [author name scrubbed]. |
|
Administered by |
Rural Development |
|
Authority |
|
|
Annual Funding |
• Mandatory: Under the 2014 farm bill, mandatory funds of $50 million are authorized for FY2014 and each fiscal year thereafter (thus REAP's mandatory funding authority • Discretionary: Under the 2014 farm bill, discretionary funding of $20 million annually was authorized to be appropriated for FY2014-FY2018. Under the 2008 farm bill, $25 million was authorized to be appropriated annually for FY2009-FY2013. Actual discretionary appropriations have been $5 million in FY2009, $39.3 million in FY2010, $5 million in FY2011, $3.4 million in FY2012 and in FY2013; $3.5 million in FY2014; and $1.35 million in FY2015. |
|
Scheduled Termination |
Authorized through FY2018 |
|
Description |
REAP promotes energy efficiency and renewable energy for agricultural producers and rural small businesses through the use of (1) grants and loan guarantees for energy efficiency improvements (EEI) and renewable energy systems (RES), and (2) grants for energy audits and renewable energy development assistance. The 2014 farm bill added new funding and a three-tiered application process with separate application processes for grants and loan guarantees for RES and EEI projects based on the project cost. It also excluded the use of REAP funds for installing retail energy dispensing equipment, such as blender pumps. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Commercial; schools; state, local, and tribal governments; rural electric cooperatives; agricultural; public power entities |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Solar water heat; solar space heat; solar thermal electric; photovoltaics; wind; biomass; hydroelectric; renewable transportation fuels; geothermal electric; geothermal heat pumps; CHP/cogeneration; hydrogen; direct-use geothermal; anaerobic digestion; small hydroelectric; tidal energy; wave energy; ocean thermal; renewable fuels; fuel cells using renewable fuels; microturbines. Specific energy efficiency technologies not identified. |
|
For More Information |
See the program website and CRS Report R43416, Energy Provisions in the 2014 Farm Bill (P.L. 113-79): Status and Funding, by [author name scrubbed] |
|
Administered by |
National Institute of Food and Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service; and other appropriate agencies |
|
Authority |
Food, Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990 (P.L. 101-624) Food, Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act Amendments of 1991 (P.L. 102-237) Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (P.L. 104-127) Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-246) |
|
Annual Funding |
$12.5 million for FY2006 $12.4 million for FY2007 $9.1 million for FY2008 $14.5 million for FY2009 $14.5 million for FY2010 $19.2 million for FY2011 $13.5 for FY2012 $19.3 million for FY2013 (est.) $22.7 million FY2014 (est.) $ $23.1 million for FY2016 (est.) No data currently available for FY2017 |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
The purpose of the Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program (SARE) is, in part, to encourage research designed to increase our knowledge concerning agricultural production systems that conserve soil, water, energy, natural resources, and fish and wildlife habitat. SARE provides grants through the agricultural bioenergy feedstock and energy efficiency research and extension initiative for projects with the purpose of enhancing the production of biomass energy crops and the energy efficiency of agricultural operations. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Federal and state governments; colleges and universities; state agricultural experiment stations; state cooperative extension services; nonprofit organizations; individuals with demonstrable expertise |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Biomass; biofuels; other technologies not identified. |
|
For More Information |
See CFDA program website, program number 10.215 CRS Report R41985, Renewable Energy Programs and the Farm Bill: Status and Issues, by [author name scrubbed]. |
|
Administered by |
Bureau of Indian Affairs. Energy and Mineral Development Program |
|
Authority |
Snyder Act of 1921 (P.L. 67-85), 25 U.S.C. 13 Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (P.L. 93-638), 25 U.S.C. 450 Indian Mineral Development Act (P.L. 97-382), 25 U.S.C. 2101 et seq. Umatilla Basin Project Act (P.L. 100-557), 16 U.S.C. 1271 et seq. |
|
Annual Funding |
$12.972 million for FY2010 $12.87 million for FY2011 $12.7 million for FY2012 $12 million for FY2013 $14.9 million for FY2014 $14.9 million for FY2015 $14.9 million for FY2016 $14.9 requested for FY2017 |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
Funding may be used to facilitate the inventory, assessment, promotion, and marketing of both renewable and nonrenewable energy and mineral resources on Indian lands. Funds are awarded competitively to support assessment and inventory programs or to develop baseline data, but cannot be used for development purposes. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Federally recognized Indian tribes; individual American Indian mineral owners |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Renewable energy technologies |
|
For More Information |
See program number 15.038 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
Bureau of Indian Affairs |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT; P.L. 102-486) Tribal Energy Resource Development and Self-Determination Act of 2005 (Title V of Energy Policy Act of 2005; P.L. 109-58) |
|
Annual Funding |
$375,000 for FY2007 $1 million for FY2008 no estimate available for FY2009 $138,839 for FY2010 $250,000 for FY2011 $0 for FY2012 $400,000 for FY2013 (est.) $700,000 for FY2014 $0 requested for FY2015 No data currently available for FY2016 of FY2017 |
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
This program provides grants to Indian tribes to |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Tribal governments |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Renewable energy technologies |
|
For More Information |
See program number 15.148 at the CFDA website; or contact IEED, the Division of Indian Energy at [phone number scrubbed]. |
|
Administered by |
Small Business Administration (SBA) |
|
|
Authority |
Small Business Act of 1953 (P.L. 83-163) |
|
|
Annual Funding |
None | |
|
Scheduled Termination |
Annual Funding: In FY2012, the SBA was provided $207.1 million for credit subsidies for the 7(a) and 504/CDC loan guaranty programs, with the 7(a) program receiving $139.4 million of that amount. In FY2013, the SBA was provided $316.3 million for credit subsidies for the 7(a) and 504/CDC loan guaranty programs (after sequestration), with the 7(a) program receiving $213.8 million of that amount. In FY2014, the SBA was provided $107.0 million for 504/CDC loan guaranty program loan credit subsidies. The 7(a) program did not require funding for loan credit subsidies. In FY2015, the SBA was provided $45.0 million for loan subsidy costs for the 504/CDC loan guaranty program. The Administration reported that the 7(a) loan guaranty program will not require funding for loan credit subsidies in FY2015.
|
Scheduled Termination None |
|
Description |
To guarantee loans from lenders to small businesses which are unable to obtain financing on reasonable terms and conditions in the private credit marketplace, but can demonstrate an ability to repay loans if granted, in a timely manner. Guaranteed loans are made available to for-profit small businesses. The SBA's 7(a) lending authority includes (1) regular 7(a); (2) SBAExpress Program; (3) the CapLines Program; (4) Small/Rural Lender Advantage initiative; (5) Export Express Program; (6) Export Working Capital Program; (7) |
|
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Small businesses meeting the size and eligibility standards |
|
|
Qualified Technologies |
Not specifically listed |
|
|
For More Information |
See CRS Report R41146, Small Business Administration 7(a) Loan Guaranty Program, by [author name scrubbed]; the SBA website; and program number 59.012 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
Small Business Administration (SBA) |
|
Authority |
Small Business Investment Act of 1958 (P.L. 85-699) |
|
Annual Funding |
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|
Description |
Provides long-term fixed rate financing for major fixed assets, such as land, buildings, equipment, and machinery. Of the total project costs, a third-party lender must provide at least 50% of the financing; the Certified Development Company provides up to 40% of the financing through a 100% SBA-guaranteed debenture; and the applicant provides at least 10% of the financing. Qualified projects are required to modernize or upgrade facilities by (1) reducing energy use by at least 10%; (2) employing sustainable design, or low-impact design, that reduces fossil fuel use; (3) planning, equipping, and/or installing process upgrades or renewable energy sources—such as the small-scale (micropower) production of energy for individual buildings or communities consumption; or (4) supporting renewable fuels production by biodiesel and ethanol producers. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Small businesses meeting the size and eligibility standards |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Fossil fuels; energy efficiency equipment; renewable energy sources (unspecified); renewable fuels, including biodiesel and ethanol |
|
For More Information |
See CRS Report R41184, Small Business Administration 504/CDC Loan Guaranty Program, by [author name scrubbed]; the SBA website; and program number 59.041 at the CFDA website . |
|
Administered by |
Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Conventional mortgages: Private lenders that sell mortgage loans to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac may also offer Energy Efficient Mortgages (EEMs) |
||||||||||||||
|
Authority |
EEMs were initially introduced by lenders in the 1980s. In 1992, three pieces of legislation passed by Congress worked towards standardizing and expanding the use of EEMs. In 1992, Congress established an FHA Energy Efficient Mortgage Pilot Program (P.L. 102-550). The program was later expanded beyond five states to become a national program. The Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 (HERA; P.L. 110-289) increased the maximum amount that can be added to an FHA mortgage for energy efficient improvements. The 111th Congress also passed some incentives to encourage green home improvements in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5). |
||||||||||||||
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
||||||||||||||
|
Description |
Homeowners can take advantage of EEMs to finance a variety of energy efficiency measures, including renewable energy technologies, in a new or existing home. The federal government directly provides these loans through the FHA and VA lending programs. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will also purchase EEMs from primary lenders. Primary lenders may issue EEMs that do not conform to underwriting standards. |
||||||||||||||
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
The loan is available to anyone who meets the income requirements for FHA's Section 203 (b), provided the applicant can meet the monthly mortgage payments. New and existing owner-occupied homes of up to two units qualify for this loan. Cooperative units are not eligible. VA: available to qualified military personnel, reservists, and veterans; Conventional: Applicants qualifying for a conventional mortgage are also eligible for an energy efficient mortgage. |
||||||||||||||
|
Qualified Technologies |
Passive solar space heat; solar water heat; solar space heat; photovoltaics; daylighting; and other technologies not specifically identified |
||||||||||||||
|
For More Information |
See the HUD, RESNET (Residential Energy Services Network), Energy Star, and DSIRE websites . 2. FHA PowerSaver Loan Program
|
|
Administered by |
Employment Training Administration |
|||||||||||||||
|
Authority |
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5), Title VIII |
|||||||||||||||
|
Annual Funding |
Project Grants: $0 for FY2008 $750 million for FY2009 (ARRA) which remained available through June 30, 2010 $0 for FY2010-FY2014 FY2015 data |
|||||||||||||||
|
Scheduled Termination |
None |
|||||||||||||||
|
Description |
This program provides competitive grants for worker training and placement in high growth and emerging industry sectors. |
|||||||||||||||
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments; colleges and universities; private nonprofit institutions/organizations |
|||||||||||||||
|
For More Information |
See the U.S. Department of Labor's (DOL's) Training and Employment Notice for this program; and program number 17.275 at the CFDA website . VIII. Department of Health and Human Services 1. Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)
|
Administered by
|
Administration For Children and Families Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance
|
Authority
|
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (P.L. 97-35), Title XXVI, §2602 The Human Services Amendments of 1994 (P.L. 103-252), Title III, §§302–304(a), 311(c)(1) Community Opportunities, Accountability, and Training and Educational Services Act of 1998 (P.L. 105-285), Title III, §302, Energy Policy Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-58), Title I, Subtitle B, §121(a))
|
Annual Funding
|
$2.16 billion for FY2007 $2.6 billion for FY2008 $5.1 billion for FY2009 $5.1 billion for FY2010 $4.7 billion for FY2011 $3.47 billion for FY2012 $3.29 billion for FY2013 $3.43 billion for FY2014 $3.39 billion for FY2015 $3.39 billion for FY2016
|
Scheduled Termination
|
None
|
Description LIHEAP is a federal program that helps low-income households pay for heating or cooling their homes. In most states, it also helps people make sure their homes are more energy efficient by paying for certain home improvements, known as weatherization. Funds are allotted to states, tribes, and territories according to a formula prescribed by the LIHEAP statute. State, tribal, and territorial governments manage the day-to-day details of the program, including the award of assistance to eligible applicants. The LIHEAP statute limits the amount of funds that each grantee (state, tribe, or territory) may spend on weatherization to 15% of the funds available, or up to 25% with a waiver from HHS. However, in cases of floods or natural disasters, work can be done under the crisis part of the grantee's LIHEAP program, thus bypassing the weatherization limits.
|
Qualified Applicant(s)
|
State and tribal governments, including U.S. territories
|
Qualified Technologies
|
Weatherization technologies include a wide range of energy efficiency measures for retrofitting homes and apartment buildings. Typical measures may include installing insulation; sealing ducts; tuning and repairing broken or inefficient heating and cooling systems and if indicated, replacement of the same; mitigating air infiltration; and reducing electric base load consumption.
|
For More Information
|
See CRS Report RL31865, LIHEAP: Program and Funding, by [author name scrubbed]; and the LIHEAP Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) website. |
Appendix A.
Summary of Federal Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Incentives/Index of Programs
|
Administering Agency |
Program |
Description |
U.S. Code Citation |
|
Expiration Date |
||||||||
|
Department of Energy |
Advanced Manufacturing Office (formerly Industrial Technologies Program) |
Develops and supports the commercialization of new energy efficient technologies to improve industrial efficiency while increasing productivity |
42 U.S.C. §17111 et seq. |
$ |
None |
||||||||
|
Advanced Research Projects Energy Financial Assistance Program (ARPA-E) |
Grants to finance sophisticated energy technology R&D projects to accelerate transformation technology advances |
42 U.S.C. §16538 |
$ |
Program evaluation after FY2012 |
|||||||||
|
Bioenergy Technologies Program (formerly Biomass and Biorefinery Systems R&D Program) |
Grants to develop cost-effective technologies and systems to transform domestic biomass resources into biofuels, bioproducts, and biopower |
42 U.S.C. §16232 |
$225 million |
None |
|||||||||
|
Building Technologies Program |
Provides financial and technical assistance to improve efficiency of buildings and the equipment, components, and systems within them |
42 U.S.C. §17061-17124 |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
Conservation Research and Development Grant Program |
Grants to finance long-terms R&D efforts in buildings technologies, Industrial technologies, vehicle technologies, and hydrogen/fuel cell technologies |
42 U.S.C. §5901 et seq. |
$ For fiscal year 2014 (to date) $67,680,841 has been de-obligated from this CFDA program number. FY2015 data not yet available |
None |
|||||||||
|
Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, Research, Development and Analysis Grant Program |
Grants to develop cost-effective technology to enhance the reliability, efficiency, and resiliency of the electric grid |
42 U.S.C. §17381 et seq. |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Information Dissemination, Outreach, Training, and Technical Analysis/Assistance Program |
Provides financial assistance to stimulate increased usage of energy efficiency/ renewable energy technologies and accelerate the adoption of these technologies |
See Notes fieldb |
$12.
|
None |
|||||||||
|
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technology Deployment, Demonstration, and Commercialization Grant Program |
Provides financial assistance for deployment, demonstration, and commercialization of energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies |
42 U.S.C. §16191 et seq. |
$0 FY2015 data not yet available. |
None |
|||||||||
|
and |
|||||||||||||
|
42 U.S.C. §16231 et seq. |
|||||||||||||
|
None |
and |
42 U.S.C. §16231 et seq. |
Federal Energy Management Program |
Provides assistance to federal agencies in developing and implementing energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies to meet energy management goals |
42 U.S.C. §17131 et seq. |
$27 million |
None |
||||||
|
Financial Assistance Program (Office of Science) |
Grants support research in the basic sciences and advanced technology concepts and assessments in fields related to energy |
42 U.S.C. §13503 |
$1.1 billion (est.) FY2015 data not yet available. |
None |
|||||||||
|
Geothermal Technologies Program |
Partners DOE with industry, academia, and research facilities to develop geothermal energy technologies |
42 U.S.C. §16231 et seq. and 42 U.S.C. §17191 et seq. |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Technologies Program |
Partners DOE with industry, academia, and national laboratories to develop hydrogen and fuel cell technologies for the marketplace |
42 U.S.C. §16151 et seq. |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
Inventions and Innovations Program |
Provides financial and technical assistance to develop innovative cost-effective ideas and inventions with future commercial value |
42 U.S.C. §5913 |
$0 FY2015 data not yet available. |
None |
|||||||||
|
Loan Guarantee Program |
Loan guarantees to encourage commercial use of new or significantly improved technologies that avoid, reduce, or sequester air pollutants or greenhouse gas emissions |
42 U.S.C. §16511 et seq. |
$17 million for the Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program (Section 1703) |
None |
|||||||||
|
$0 for the Temporary Loan Guarantee Program (Section 1705) |
|||||||||||||
|
Regional Biomass Energy Programs |
Provides financial assistance to increase America's use of fuels, chemicals, materials, and power made from domestic biomass |
See Notes fieldb |
$0 |
None |
|||||||||
|
Renewable Energy Production Incentive |
Provides incentive payments for electricity generated and sold by new qualifying renewable energy facilities |
42 U.S.C. §13317 |
$0 FY2015 data not yet available. |
End of FY2026 |
|||||||||
|
Renewable Energy Research and Development Program |
Provides financial assistance to conduct R&D efforts in renewable energy technologies |
42 U.S.C. §16231 et. seq. |
$ Data for FY2015 not yet available. |
None |
|||||||||
|
Small Business Innovation Research/Small Business Technology Transfer Programs |
Grants for small businesses to develop and commercialize energy technologies, including energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies |
15 U.S.C. §638 |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
Solar Energy Technologies Program |
|
42 U.S.C. §16231 et seq. and 42 U.S.C. §17171 et seq. |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
State Energy Program |
Provides grants to states to design and implement their own renewable energy and energy efficiency programs |
42 U.S.C. §6321 et seq. |
$50 million |
None |
|||||||||
|
Tribal Energy Program |
Provides financial and technical assistance, education, and training to tribes to evaluate and develop renewable energy sources and energy efficiency measures |
25 U.S.C. §3501 et seq. |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
Vehicle Technologies Program |
|
42 U.S.C. §17011 et seq. |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
Water Power Program (formerly Wind and Hydropower Technologies Program) |
|
42 U.S.C. §16231 et. seq and 42 U.S.C. §17211 et seq. |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
Weatherization Assistance Program |
Provides financial and technical assistance to states to increase the energy efficiency of low-income households |
42 U.S.C. §6861 et seq. |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
Wind Energy Program (formerly Wind and Hydropower Technologies Program) |
|
42 U.S.C. §16231 et. seq |
$ |
None |
|||||||||
|
Internal Revenue Service |
Business Energy Investment Tax Credit |
Provides a tax credit for 30% of total expenditures on eligible systems placed in service, except geothermal systems, microturbines, and combined heat and power systems (10%) |
26 U.S.C. §48 |
N/A |
12/31/2016 for most eligible systems (except geothermal and solar thermal) |
||||||||
|
Energy Efficient Commercial Buildings Tax Deduction |
Tax deduction for certain qualifying systems and buildings |
26 U.S.C. §179D (amended) |
N/A |
12/31/2014 |
|||||||||
|
Energy-Efficient New Homes Tax Credit for Home Builders |
Provides tax credits of up to $2,000 for builders of new, energy-efficient homes |
26 U.S.C. §45L (amended) |
N/A |
12/31/2014 |
|||||||||
|
Modified Accelerated Cost-Recovery System (MARCS) |
Allows businesses to recover investments in certain renewable energy property through depreciation deductions |
26 USC §168 |
N/A |
N/A |
|||||||||
|
Qualified Energy Conservation Bonds (QECBs) |
Bond authority is |
26 U.S.C. §54A |
N/A |
N/A |
|||||||||
|
Renewable Energy Production Tax Credit (PTC) |
Provides a per-kilowatt-hour tax credit for electricity generated by qualified renewable energy technologies and sold during the tax year |
26 U.S.C. §45 (amended) |
N/A |
12/31/2014 |
|||||||||
|
Residential Energy Conservation Subsidy Exclusion (Corporate and Personal) |
Corporate and personal tax exemptions |
26 U.S.C. §136 (amended) |
N/A |
None |
|||||||||
|
Residential Energy Conservation Subsidy Exclusion (Personal) |
Personal tax exemption for energy-conservation subsidies provided by public utilities, either directly or indirectly |
26 U.S.C. §136 (amended) |
N/A |
None |
|||||||||
|
Residential Energy Efficiency Tax Credit |
Provides tax credit to residents/individuals for the installation of qualified energy efficient equipment to existing homes (primary residence) |
26 U.S.C. §25C |
N/A |
12/31/2014 |
|||||||||
|
Residential Renewable Energy Tax Credit |
Provides a tax credit to residents/ individuals for the installation of qualified renewable energy systems to existing homes |
26 U.S.C. §25D (amended) |
N/A |
12/31/2016 |
|||||||||
|
Department of Agriculture |
Assistance to High Energy Cost Rural Communities Program |
Provides financial assistance to rural communities with high energy costs |
7 U.S.C. §918a |
$10 million |
None |
||||||||
|
Bioenergy Program for Advanced Biofuels |
Supports and ensures an expanding production of advanced biofuels by providing payments to advanced biofuels producers |
7 U.S.C. §8105 |
Mandatory funding of $15 million annually for FY2014-FY2018 to remain available until expended Discretionary funding of $20 million annually for FY2014-FY2018 |
Authorized through FY2018 |
|||||||||
|
Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP) |
Provides assistance to support the production of eligible biomass crops on land within approved project areas |
7 U.S.C. §8111 |
The FY2014 farm bill authorized mandatory CCC (Commodity Credit Corporation) funding of $25 million annually for FY2014-FY2018. For |
Authorized through FY2018 |
|||||||||
|
Assists in the development of new technologies for development of biofuels |
7 U.S.C. §8103 |
$ |
Authorized through |
|||||||||
|
Community Wood Energy Program |
Provides grants to states and local governments to develop community wood energy plans or acquire or upgrade community wood energy systems |
7 U.S.C. §8113 |
Discretionary funding of $5 million annually was authorized to be appropriated for FY2014-FY2018 |
Authorized through FY2018 |
|||||||||
|
New Era Rural Technology Competitive Grants Program |
Provides grant funding for approved technology development, applied research, and training to develop bioenergy and agriculture-based renewable energy resources |
7 U.S.C. §3319e |
$0 |
Authorized through FY2013; |
|||||||||
|
Repowering Assistance Program |
Provides financial incentives to biorefineries in existence on June 18, 2008, to replace the use of fossil fuels used to produce heat or power by installing new systems that use renewable biomass or to produce new energy from renewable biomass |
7 U.S.C. §8104 |
Mandatory CCC funding of $12 million for FY2014 Discretionary |
Authorized through FY2018 |
|||||||||
|
Rural Energy for America Program |
Provides grants and loan guarantees to promote energy efficiency and renewable energy to agricultural producers and rural small businesses |
7 U.S.C. §8107 |
Mandatory CCC funds of $50 million Discretionary authorization of $20 million annually was authorized for FY2014-FY2018 |
Authorized through 2018 |
|||||||||
|
Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education |
Provides grants for research projects with the purpose of enhancing biomass energy crop production and increasing the energy efficiency of agricultural operations |
7 U.S.C. §5801 et seq. |
$
|
None
|
Department of Health and Human Services
|
Low Income Energy Assistance Program
|
Provides assistance to help low income households pay for heating and cooling their homes and energy efficiency improvements
|
42 U.S.C. §8621 et seq. $3.39 billion |
None |
||||
|
Department of Housing and Urban Development |
Energy Efficient Mortgages |
Provides backing of loans for energy efficient mortgages to finance the installation of energy efficiency or renewable energy technologies in new or existing homes |
12 U.S.C. §1701z-16 |
N/A |
None
|
FHA PowerSaver Loan Program
|
See Notes fieldb
Offers loans backed by FHA to finance energy efficiency and renewable energy upgrades to single-unit homes
|
N/A None |
|||||
|
Department of the Interior |
Energy and Mineral Development Program: Minerals and Mining on Indian Lands |
Facilitate the inventory, assessment, promotion, and marketing of both renewable and nonrenewable energy and mineral resources on Indian lands |
25 U.S.C. §450 25 U.S.C. §13 25 U.S.C. §2101 et seq 16 U.S.C. §1271 et seq. |
$14.9 |
None |
||||||||
|
Tribal Energy Development Capacity Grant |
Grants to Indian tribes to develop and sustain the managerial and technical capacity needed to develop their energy resources and properly account for resulting energy production and revenues |
25 U.S.C. §3502 |
$0 requested for FY2015 |
None |
|||||||||
|
Department of
|
Energy Efficient Mortgages
|
Provides backing of loans for energy efficient mortgages to finance the installation of energy efficiency or renewable energy technologies in new or existing homes
|
12 U.S.C. §1701z-16
|
N/A
|
None
|
Fannie Mae
|
Fannie Mae Green Initiative- Loan Program
|
Provides owners of multifamily properties (rental or cooperative properties with 5 five or more units) with three financing options and tools to make energy- and water-saving property improvements 12 USC 1716 et. seq. |
Program of Competitive Grants for Worker Training and Placement in High Growth and Emerging Industry Sectors |
Intended to preserve and create jobs; promote economic recovery; assist those most impacted by the recession; provide investments; and invest in infrastructure |
| $0 for FY2014; Data for FY2015 not yet available. |
None |
|
Department of Veterans Affairs |
Energy Efficient Mortgages |
Provides backing of loans for energy efficient mortgages to finance the installation of energy efficiency or renewable energy technologies in new or existing homes |
12 U.S.C. §1701z-16 |
N/A |
None |
||||||||
|
Small Business Administration |
7(a) Loan Guarantees |
Provides guaranteed loans from lenders to small businesses |
15 U.S.C. §636(a) |
The Administration reported that the 7(a) loan guaranty program will not require funding for loan credit subsidies in FY2015. In FY2015, the SBA was provided $45.0 million for loan subsidy costs for the 504/CDC loan guaranty program. |
None |
||||||||
|
504 Loan Guarantees |
Provides long-term fixed rate financing for major fixed assets, such as land, buildings, equipment, and machinery |
16 U.S.C. §685 |
FY2015, the SBA was provided $45.0 million for loan subsidy costs for the 504/CDC loan guaranty program. |
None |
Source: The Congressional Research Service (CRS).
a. FY2015 Appropriations
FY2016 appropriations data compiled by CRS using executive agency budget justifications, congressional committee reports, and program descriptions from the online edition of the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance. Reflects the FY2013 Continuing Resolution but does not incorporate the reductions from the Budget Control Act sequester.
b.
b.
Some programs are not specifically identified or codified in the United States Code.
Appendix B.
Index of Programs by Applicant Eligibility and Technology Type
|
Applicant Eligibility |
Program Numbersa |
|
Advanced Technology Centers |
III-6 |
|
Agricultural/Extension/Biofuel Producers |
II-4, III-2, III-3, III-4, III-7, III-8, III-9 |
|
Alaska Native Corporations |
I-14 |
|
Builder/Developer |
II-5, II-6 |
|
Commercial/Industrial/For-Profit |
I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-10, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-15, I-17, I-20, I-21, I-23, I-24, II-4, II-5, II-7, II-9, III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4, III-7, III-8 |
|
Cooperative/Collaborative/Consortia |
I-16, I-20, III-1, III-4, III-8 |
|
Federal Government |
I-4, I-6, I-7, I-12, I-22, II-5, III-9 |
|
Higher Education (Colleges and Universities) |
I-1, I-2, I-3, I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-17, I-20, I-21, I-23, I-24, III-4, III-6, III-9 |
|
Local Government |
I-2, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-16, I-17, I-21, I-23, I-24,II-8, III-1, III-4, III-5, III-8, VII-1 |
|
National Laboratories |
I-4, I-5, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-12, III-4 |
|
Nonprofit |
I-2, I-13, I-14, I-16, I-17, I-20, I-21, I-23, I-24, III-1, III-9 |
|
Other/Cross-Cutting |
I-20, II-9 |
|
Research Organization |
I-20, I-21 |
|
Residential/Individual |
I-11, I-14, II-1, II-2, II-3, III-1, III-4, III-9, IV-1, V-1, VI-2, X-1 |
|
Schools |
III-8 |
|
Small Businesses |
I-6, I-7, I-11, I-23, I-25, II-4, V-1, V-2 |
|
State Government |
I-2, I-6, I-7, I-8, I-9, I-12, I-13, I-14, I-15, I-16, I-17, I-18, I-21, I-23 , I-24, II-5, II-8, III-1, III-4, III-5, III-8, III-9, VII-1 |
|
Tribal Government |
I-6, I-9, I-13, I-14, I-16, I-17, I-18, I-19, I-21, I-23, I-24, II-8, III-1, III-4, III-8, IV-1, IV-2, VII-1 |
|
U.S. Territories |
I-9, I-18 , VIII-1 |
|
Utilities |
I-16, II-4, III-4, III-8 |
|
Veterans |
|
|
Qualified Technologies |
Program Numbersa |
|
Advanced Batteries |
I-12, I-13 |
|
Air Conditioners |
1-9, I-19, II-2, II-5 , VI-2, VIII-1, X-1 |
|
Alternative Vehicles/Vehicle Technologies |
I-4, I-12, II-9 |
|
Anaerobic Digestion |
I-16, II-8, II-9, III-8 |
|
Batteries (Energy Storage) Biodiesel / Biofuels |
I-12, I-13 I-1, I-12, I-24, III-2, III-4, III-9 |
|
Boilers |
1-9, I-19, II-2, II-5 , VI-2, VIII-1, X-1 |
|
Biomass |
I-1, I-2, I-15, I-16, I-17, I-19, I-22, II-2, II-4, II-7, II-8, II-9, III-2, III-3, III-4, III-5, III-6, III-7, III-8, III-9 |
|
Caulking/Weather Stripping |
I-9, I-19, II-5 , VI-2, VIII-1, X-1 |
|
Chillers |
I-19, II-5 |
|
Clothes Washers |
I-19 , X-1 |
|
Combined Systems/CHP/Energy Management Systems |
I-8, I-19, II-4, II-9, III-8 |
|
Comprehensive/Whole Building |
I-19, II-5, II-6 , X-1 |
|
Doors |
I-19, II-2, II-5 , VI-2, VIII-1, X-1 |
|
Duct/Air Sealing |
I-9, I-19, II-5 , VI-2, VIII-1, X-1 |
|
Equipment (Energy Efficient) |
I-8 |
|
Fuel Cells |
I-4, I-8, I-13, I-15, I-17, I-24, II-3, II-4, II-9, III-8 |
|
Furnaces |
1-9, I-19, II-2, II-5 , VI-2, VIII-1, X-1 |
|
Geothermal (All) |
I-3, I-15, I-17, I-22, II-4, II-9, III-8 , VI-2 |
|
—Geothermal (Direct Use) |
II-4, II-9, III-8 , VI-2 |
|
—Geothermal (Electric) |
I-16, I-19, I-24, II-4, II-7, II-8, II-9, III-8 , VI-2 |
|
—Geothermal (Heat Pumps) |
I-19, II-3, II-4, II-9, III-8 , VI-2 |
|
Heat Pumps |
II-2, II-5 , VI-2, X-1 |
|
Hybrid Electric |
I-12 |
|
Hydrogen |
I-4, I-13, I-15, I-17, III-8 |
|
Hydropower (All) |
I-6, I-15, I-17, I-22, II-7, II-8 |
|
—Hydroelectric |
I-6, I-19, I-24, II-7, II-8, III-8 |
|
—Hydrokinetic |
I-6, II-7, II-8 |
|
—Ocean |
I-6, I-16, I-22, I-24, II-7, II-8, III-8 |
|
—Tidal |
I-6, I-16, I-24, II-7, II-8, III-8 |
|
—Wave |
I-6, I-16, I-24, II-7, II-8, III-8 |
|
Insulation |
I-9, I-19, II-2, II-5, VI-2, VIII-1, X-1 |
|
Landfill Gas |
I-16, II-7, II-8, II-9 |
|
Lighting/Lighting Sensors |
I-8, I-19, I-24, II-4, II-5, II-9, VI-1, VIII-1 , X-1 |
|
Manufacturing Facilities Microturbines |
I-24 II-4, III-8 |
|
Municipal Solid Waste |
II-7, II-8, II-9 |
|
Other Technologiesb |
I-9, I-11,1-13, I-14, I-18, I-19, I-20, I-21, I-23, I-25, II-1, III-1, III-8, III-9, IV-1, IV-2, V-1, V-2, VI-1, |
|
Smart/Programmable Thermostats |
1-9, I-19 , VI-2, VIII-1, X-1 |
|
Refrigerators/Freezers |
I-19 |
|
Renewable Transportation Fuels |
I-24, II-9, III-8 |
|
Roofs |
I-19, II-2, II-5 , X-1 |
|
Siding |
I-19, II-5 |
|
Smart Grid |
I-21 |
|
Solar (All) |
I-5, I-8, I-15, I-17, I-22, II-3, II-4, II-9, III-8 |
|
—Photovoltaics |
1-5, I-8, I-16, I-19, I-24, II-1, II-3, II-4, II-8, II-9, III-8, VI-1, VIII-1 , VI-2 |
|
—Solar Space Heat |
I-19, II-1, II-3, II-4, II-9, III-8, VI-1, VIII-1 |
|
—Solar Thermal Electric/Process |
I-16, I-24, II-3, II-4, II-8, II-9, III-8 |
|
—Solar Water Heat |
II-1, II-3, II-4, II-9, III-8, VI-1, VI-2, VIII-1 |
|
Water Heaters |
I-19, II-2, II-5 , VIII-1, X-1 |
|
Wind |
I-7, I-16, I-17, I-19, I-22, I-24, II-3, II-4, II-7, II-8, II-9, III-8 , VI-2 |
|
Windows |
I-8, I-9, I-19, II-2, II-5 , VI-2, VIII-1, X-1 |
Source: CRS.
a.
Program numbers correspond to agency (Roman numeral) and (Arabic) number assigned to each program as displayed in the Table of Contents.
b.
Other technologies include cross-cutting and advanced technologies, other unspecified technologies, all energy efficiency and/or renewable energy technologies, or not specifically identified.
Appendix C.
Expired Federal Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Incentive Programs
1. Assisted Housing Stability and Energy and Green Retrofit Investments Program (Recovery Act Funded)
|
Administered by |
Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) |
|
Authority |
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
(Project Grants) $0 for FY2009 $235 million for FY2010 $0 for FY2011 All obligations were to be made by September 30, 2010 |
|
Scheduled Termination |
All obligations were to be made by September 30, 2010. Receiving property owners were required to spend the funds on the specific improvements within two years of receipt. |
|
Description |
This program provided funding for energy and green retrofit investments to certain eligible assisted, affordable multifamily properties. Funding included incentives for participating property owners, a set-aside for administrative functions, and a set-aside for due diligence and underwriting support. Assistance was for specific retrofit purposes. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
Residential |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Specific technologies not identified |
|
For More Information |
See program number 14.318 at the CFDA website . |
2. Clean Renewable Energy Bonds (CREBs)
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
Authority |
26 U.S.C. 54 (old CREBs); 26 U.S.C. 54A (new CREBs) |
|
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 (P.L. 109-432) Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-343) American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
|
Annual Funding |
EPACT originally allocated $800 million of tax credit bonds to be issued between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2007. Following the enactment of the federal Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006, the IRS made an additional $400 million in CREBs financing available for 2008 through Notice 2007-26. In November 2006, the IRS announced that the original $800 million allocation had been reserved for a total of 610 projects. The additional $400 million (plus surrendered volume from the previous allocation) was allocated to 312 projects in February 2008. Of the $1.2 billion total of tax-credit bond volume cap allocated to fund renewable-energy projects, state and local government borrowers were limited to $750 million of the volume cap, with the rest reserved for qualified municipal or cooperative electric companies. The Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 (Div. A, Section107) allocated $800 million for new CREBs. In February 2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Div. B, Section 1111) allocated an additional $1.6 billion to expand the total new CREBs allocation to $2.4 billion . |
|
Scheduled Termination |
The deadline for new CREB applications from electric cooperatives expired November 1, 2010, and bonds for government entities and public power providers were fully allocated in October 2009 |
|
Description |
CREBs were used to finance renewable energy projects. CREBs were issued, theoretically, with a 0% interest rate. The borrower paid back only the principal of the bond and the bondholder receives federal tax credits in lieu of the traditional bond interest. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments; municipal utility; rural electric cooperative |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Solar thermal electric; photovoltaics; landfill gas; wind; biomass; hydroelectric; geothermal electric; municipal solid waste; hydrokinetic power; anaerobic digestion; tidal energy; wave energy; ocean thermal |
|
For More Information |
See Internal Revenue Service Bulletin 2007-14; and Internal Revenue Service Notice 2009-33 . |
3. Energy Efficient Appliance Rebate Program (EEARP)
|
Administered by |
EERE |
|
Authority |
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58) Title I, Part B; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
|
Annual Funding |
$0 for FY2008 $298.5 million in FY2009 from ARRA $0 for FY2010-FY2013 |
|
Scheduled Termination |
This program was authorized through FY2010. An act of Congress is required to reauthorize this program. |
|
Description |
The program provided financial and technical assistance to states to establish residential Energy Star rated appliance rebate programs. The program's objectives were to reduce fossil fuel emissions created as a result of activities within the jurisdictions of eligible entities; and to improve energy efficiency in the residential sector. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
State governments, including U.S territories and possessions |
|
Qualified Technologies |
Energy efficient appliances |
|
For More Information |
See program number 81.127 at the CFDA website . |
4. Energy Efficient Appliance Tax Credit for Manufacturers
|
Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
|
Authority |
26 U.S.C. §45M |
|
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005; P.L. 109-58), Title XIII, Subtitle C, Section 1334(a) Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-343), Division B, Section 305 Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-312) American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (ATRA, P.L. 112-240) |
|
|
Scheduled Termination |
December 31, 2013 |
|
Description |
A tax credit for each manufacturer was limited to a total of $25 million for 2011, 2012, and 2013 combined. |
|
Qualified Applicant(s) |
|
|
Qualified Technologies |
Clothes washers; dishwashers; refrigerators |
|
For More Information |
See the IRS website; IRS form 8909 . |
5. Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grants Program (EECBG)
|
Administered by |
EERE |
||||||||||||||
|
Authority |
Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140), Title V, Subtitle E American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
||||||||||||||
|
Annual Funding |
$0 for FY2008 $3.2 billion for FY2009 from ARRA $0 for FY2010-FY2012 |
||||||||||||||
|
Scheduled Termination |
This program was authorized through FY2010. An act of Congress is required to reauthorize this program . |
||||||||||||||
|
Description |
This program was part of DOE's Weather and Intergovernmental Program. The EECBG Program provided formula and competitive grants to empower local communities to make strategic investments to meet the nation's long-term goals for energy independence and leadership on climate change. Grants could be used for energy efficiency and conservation programs and projects community-wide, as well as renewable energy installations on government buildings. |
||||||||||||||
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Qualified Applicant(s) |
State, local, and tribal governments, including U.S. territories |
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Qualified Technologies |
Energy efficient equipment and lighting; combined heating and cooling systems; combined heat and power systems; solar; wind; fuel cells; biomass |
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For More Information |
See EERE's Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grants Program website; and program number 81.128 at the CFDA website . 6. Program of Competitive Grants for Worker Training and Placement in High Growth and Emerging Industry Sectors
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6. Qualifying Advanced Energy Manufacturing Investment Tax Credit
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Administered by |
Internal Revenue Service |
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Authority |
26 U.S.C. 48C |
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American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5), Division B, Section 1302 IRS Notice 2013-12 Qualifying Advanced Energy Project Credit Phase II. |
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Scheduled Termination |
Applications no longer accepted. Phase concept papers were due to DOE by 4/9/2013; final applications were due to DOE on 7/23/2013 . |
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Description |
This tax credit was designed to encourage a U.S.-based renewable energy manufacturing sector. Projects receiving awards are eligible for a tax credit of 30% of the qualified investment required for an advanced energy project. |
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Qualified Applicant(s) |
Commercial, industrial, manufacturing |
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Qualified Technologies |
Lighting; lighting controls/sensors; energy conservation technologies: smart grid; solar water heat; solar thermal electric; photovoltaics; wind; geothermal electric; fuel cells; geothermal heat pumps; batteries and energy storage; advanced transmission technologies that support renewable energy generation; renewable fuels; fuel cells using renewable fuels; microturbines |
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For More Information |
See DOE's webpage for the 48C tax credit; the IRS's 48C webpage; and DSIRE's webpage for the tax credit . |
78. Renewable Energy Grants (1603 Program)
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Administered by |
U.S. Department of the Treasury |
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Authority |
Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-312), Section 707 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2010 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) Division B, Sections 1104 and 1603 U.S. Department of Treasury: Grant Program Guidance (amended) |
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Scheduled Termination |
Construction must have begun by December 31, 2011. Applications must have been submitted before October 1, 2012. |
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Description |
The purpose of the 1603 payment was to reimburse eligible applicants for a portion of the cost of installing specified energy property used in a trade or business or for the production of income. |
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Qualified Applicant(s) |
Commercial, Industrial, Agricultural |
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Qualified Technologies |
Solar water heat; solar space heat; solar thermal electric; solar thermal process heat; photovoltaics; landfill gas; wind; biomass; hydroelectric; geothermal electric; fuel cells; geothermal heat pumps; municipal solid waste; CHP/cogeneration; solar hybrid lighting; hydrokinetic; anaerobic digestion; tidal energy; wave energy; ocean thermal; microturbines |
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For More Information |
See the Treasury's 1603 website; 1603 program guidance; and CRS Report R41635, ARRA Section 1603 Grants in Lieu of Tax Credits for Renewable Energy: Overview, Analysis, and Policy Options, by [author name scrubbed] and [author name scrubbed]. |
Appendix D.
Appendix D. Summary of Expired Federal Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Incentives/Index of Programs
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Administering Agency |
Program |
Description |
U.S. Code Citation |
Expiration Date |
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Department of Energy |
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grants Program |
Grants to finance energy efficiency and conservation programs/projects in local communities and renewable energy installations on government buildings |
42 U.S.C. §17151-17158 |
None |
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Energy Efficient Appliance Rebate Program |
Provided financial and technical assistance to states to establish residential Energy Star rated appliance rebate programs |
42 U.S.C. §15821 |
9/30/2010 |
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Internal Revenue Service |
Clean Renewable Energy Bonds (CREBs) |
Bonds |
26 U.S.C. §54 (Old CREBs); 26 U.S.C. §54A (New CREBs) |
12/31/2009 (old CREBs); 11/01/2010 (new CREBS |
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Energy Efficient Appliance Tax Credit for Manufacturers |
A tax credit for each manufacturer |
26 U.S.C. §45M |
12/ 31/2013 |
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Qualifying Advanced Energy Manufacturing Investment Credit |
This tax credit was designed to encourage a U.S.-based renewable energy manufacturing sector |
26 U.S.C. §48C |
7/23/2013 |
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Renewable Energy Grants (1603 Program) |
The purpose of the 1603 payment was to reimburse eligible applicants for a portion of the cost of installing specified energy property used in a trade or business or for the production of income. |
No U.S. Code citation; see P.L. 111-5 (ARRA) §1603(a) |
12/31/2011 |
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Alternative Motor Vehicle Credit |
Provides tax credit for hybrid and lean-burn vehicles |
26 U.S.C. §30B |
N/A |
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Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) |
Assisted Housing Stability and Energy and Green Retrofit Investments Program (Recovery Act Funded) |
This program |
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) |
9/20/2011 |
Source: CRS.
Note: Some programs are not specifically identified or codified in the United States Code.
Department of Labor
Program of Competitive Grants for Worker Training and Placement in High Growth and Emerging Industry Sectors
Intended to preserve and create jobs; promote economic recovery; assist those most impacted by the recession; provide investments; and invest in infrastructure
See Notes field
None
Source: CRS.
Note: Some programs are not specifically identified or codified in the United States Code.
a. The EECBG program was designed as a part of the Recovery Act (P.L. 111-5), with a single-shot (one-time) appropriation in FY2009. Due to the size of the appropriation, funds were let out over multiple fiscal years. DOE had an evaluation of the EECBG program. For more details, see DOE's evaluation results website.|
Type of Credit |
Expiration Date |
|
Fuel Cell Motor Vehicle Credit |
December 31, 2014 |
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Qualified Plug-In Electric Drive Motor Vehicle Credit |
December 31, 2014 |
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Qualified Plug-In Electric Motor Vehicle Conversion Credit |
December 31, 2011 |
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Advanced Lean Burn Technology Motor Vehicle Credit |
December 31, 2010 |
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Qualified Alternative Fuel Motor Vehicle Credit |
December 31, 2010 |
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Qualified Hybrid Motor Vehicle Credit |
December 31, 2010 |
Source: U.S. Code and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
| 1. |
The Tribal Energy Program (TEP) was funded in FY2014 within the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy appropriation. |
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| 2. |
In 2015, TEP was transferred to the Office of Indian Energy and |
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3.
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4.
For FY2017, DOE has requested funding for TEP as a separate appropriation from the Departmental Administrative appropriation "to align the budget structure with IE's mission and activities." |
For more information, see Department of Energy, FY2011 Congressional Budget Request, vol. 3, p. 500, at http://www.cfo.doe.gov/budget/11budget/Content/Volume3.pdf. |
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In FY2014, $42 million was enacted for administrative purposes only, but these expenses were offset by |
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In FY2015, $42 million was enacted for administrative expenses. These administrative expenses were offset by $25 million in collections from borrowers for a net appropriation of $17 million.
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For more information, see CRS Report R40669, Energy and Water Development: FY2010 Appropriations, coordinated by [author name scrubbed]. |
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Annual funding listed for the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfers (STTR) programs only includes those funds distributed to DOE's energy efficiency and renewable energy programs. |
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For many of these programs, mandatory funding is provided through the borrowing authority of USDA's Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) . |