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FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief

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. FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief Jim Monke Specialist in Agricultural Policy May 27July 20, 2015 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43938 c11173008 FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief . Contents Scope of Agriculture Appropriations ............................................................................................... 1 Recent Trends in Agriculture Appropriations .................................................................................. 2 Action on FY2016 Agriculture Appropriations ............................................................................... 5 The Administration’s Budget Request for FY20166 Figures Figure 1. Agriculture Appropriations ......................................................................... 5 Budget Authority ....................................................................................................................... 5 Policy Proposals ........................................................................................................................ 6 Figures Figure 1. FY2015 Agriculture Appropriations ................................................................................. 1 Figure 2. Discretionary Agriculture Appropriations, by Title, Since FY2007 ................................. 2 Figure 3. Inflation-Adjusted Discretionary Agriculture Appropriations Since FY2007 .................. 3 Tables Table 1. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Title, FY2012-FY2016 ................. 4 Table 2. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Agency, FY2012-FY2016............. 7 Table 3. Congressional Action on Agriculture Appropriations Since FY1995 .............................. 12 Contacts Author Contact Information.................................. 1 Figure 2. Discretionary Agriculture Appropriations, by Title, Since FY2007 ................................. 2 Figure 3. Inflation-Adjusted Discretionary Agriculture Appropriations Since FY2007 .................. 4 Tables Table 1. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Title, FY2012-FY2016 ................. 5 Table 2. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Agency, FY2012-FY2016............. 7 Table 3. Congressional Action on Agriculture Appropriations Since FY1995 .............................. 12 Contacts Author Contact Information........................................................................................................... 13 Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................. 12 13 Key Policy Staff ............................................................................................................................. 13 c11173008 Congressional Research Service FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief . T he Administration released its FY2016 budget request on February 2, 2015. In Congress, the Agriculture appropriations subcommittees in the House and Senate have held hearings with agency officials and have received their “302(b)” allocations. The discretionary allocation for the House agricultureI n Congress, the House Appropriations Committee reported an FY2016 Agriculture appropriations bill (H.R. 3049) on July 8, 2015, after the subcommittee had approved its draft on June 18. The Senate Appropriations subcommittee reported its version (S. 1800) on July 16, 2015, after the subcommittee approved its draft on July 14. The discretionary allocation for the House Agriculture subcommittee is $20.650 billion, and $20.510 billion for the Senate Senate subcommittee. The discretionary caps are set so as not to trigger sequestration. Neither subcommittee has marked up a bill to distribute the allocation across agencies in its jurisdictionallocation in the House is $175 million less than the comparable amount for FY2015 (-0.8%). The Budget committees have set the overall discretionary caps so as not to trigger sequestration. Scope of Agriculture Appropriations The Agriculture appropriations bill funds the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), except for the the Forest Service. It also funds the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and—in evennumbered fiscal years—, in even-numbered fiscal years, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC).1 Figure 1. Agriculture Appropriations (FY2015 budget authority in billions of dollars) SNAP, 82 CCC, 13 FCIC, 10 Agriculture appropriations include both mandatory and discretionary spending. But discretionary amounts are the primary focus during the bill’s development, since mandatory amounts generally are set by authorizing laws Figure 1. FY2015 Agriculture Appropriations such as the farm bill. Figure 1 shows that the largest discretionary spending items in the bill are the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); agricultural research; FDA; rural development; foreign food aid and trade; farm assistance programs; food safety inspection; conservation; and animal and plant health programs. The main mandatory spending items are the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), child nutrition, crop insurance, and the Commodity Credit Corporation, which pays for the farm commodity and conservation programs. (budget authority in billions of dollars) Source: CRS, compiled from P.L. 113-235. Does not show some agencies under $0.5 billion, including CFTC, AMS, GIPSA, and department administration that together are offset by reductions. Notes: CCC = Commodity Credit Corp.; SNAP = Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; WIC = Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; CSFP = Commodity Supplemental Food Program; FDA = Food and Drug Admin.; FSA = Farm Service Agency; RMA = Risk Management Agency; FSIS = Food Safety and Inspection Service; APHIS = Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; AMS = Agricultural laws such as the farm bill. Though amounts for FY2016 are still in flux and are discussed later in this report, the scope of the appropriation is shown in Figure 1. In FY2015, the largest discretionary spending items in the bill were the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); agricultural research; FDA; rural development; foreign food aid and trade; farm assistance programs; food safety inspection; conservation; and animal and plant health programs. The main mandatory spending items are the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), child nutrition, crop insurance, and the Commodity Credit Corporation, which pays for the farm commodity and conservation programs. Mandatory Discretionary 126 21 Child nutrition, 21 WIC, CSFP, 7.1 Research, 2.7 FDA, 2.6 Rural Dev., 2.6 Foreign aid FSA, RMA FSIS Conservation APHIS Source: CRS, compiled from P.L. 113-235. Does not show some agencies under $0.5 billion, including CFTC, AMS, GIPSA, and department administration that together are offset by reductions. Notes: CCC = Commodity Credit Corp.; FCIC = Federal Crop Insurance Corp.; SNAP = Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; WIC = Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; CSFP = Commodity Supplemental Food Program; FDA = Food and Drug Admin.; FSA = Farm Service Agency; RMA = Risk Management Agency; FSIS = Food Safety and Inspection Service; APHIS = Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; AMS = Agricultural Marketing Service; GIPSA = Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Admin. 1 Jurisdiction over CFTC appropriations differs between the House and Senate. Since FY2008, CFTC is marked up in the House Agriculture Appropriations Subcommittee and the Senate Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Subcommittee. The enacted appropriation is carried in Agriculture appropriations in even-numbered fiscal years, and Financial Services appropriations in odd-numbered fiscal years. c11173008 Congressional Research Service 1 FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief . Recent Trends in Agriculture Appropriations The FY2015 Agriculture appropriation was reported in both chambers but not passed on the floor. Through an omnibus appropriation, it had discretionary authority of $20.825 billion (House basis with CFTC). Mandatory spending carried in the bill totaled $126.49 billion (Figure 1). Recent Trends in Agriculture Appropriations For FY2016, the “302(b)” Agriculture subcommittee allocation reported in the House is for discretionary spending is $20.650 billion in the House (H.Rept. 114-118) and $20.510 billion in the Senate (S.Rept. 114-5511455). The Senate allocation does not need to cover CFTC, which makes it effectively $110 million more than a comparative allocation in the House if CFTC were to be held constant. The House allocation would be a is a reduction of 0.8% from FY2015 (the historical line and current-year dots in Figure 2; Table 1). Markup has not yet occurred to distribute either chamber’s allocationline and dots in Figure 2). A FY2016 House bill (H.R. 3049) and Senate bill (S. 1800) have been reported to allocate these amounts (the stacked bars in Figure 2, Table 1). Last year, the FY2015 Agriculture appropriation was reported in both chambers but not passed on the floor. Enacted in an omnibus appropriation, its discretionary total was $20.825 billion (House basis with CFTC). Mandatory spending carried in the bill totaled $126.49 billion (Figure 1). The stacked bars in Figure 2 represent the discretionary spending authorized for each title. The total of the positive stacked bars has been higher than the “302(b)” discretionary spending limit (the line) because of the offset offered by the General Provisions title and other scorekeeping adjustments. General provisions are negative mostly because of limits placed on certain mandatory programs, which are scored as “Changes in Mandatory Program Spending (CHIMPS),” and also rescissions (see Table 2 for nominal data and amounts by agency). Figure 2. Discretionary Agriculture Appropriations, by Title, Since FY2007 Dollars in Millions Admin House Senate Discretionary Appropriations I: Agricultural Programs II: Conservation Programs 7,336 6,885 6,850 6,633 969 2,979 2,500 5,523 6,789 6,787 938 2,732 889 844 6,711 6,718 6,356 1,009 6,443 853 6,677 938 2,732 889 844 7,281 781 2,638 2,405 2,280 826 859 1,0321,032 840 856 2,758 2,570 2,582 2,644 2,676 826 859 III: Rural Development IV: Domestic Food Programs 2,570 2,582 2,759 V: Foreign Assistance 2,334 6,374 7,655 7,128 7,001 7,094 7,110202 6,946 6,995 6,926 7,153 7,234 VII: General Provisions and Scorekeeping adjustments 2,089 1,891 1,836 1,706 1,838 1,848 1,813 1,802 1,864 1,499 1,479 1,476476 1,479 2,659 2,711 2,580 2,776 2,847 3,066 2,872 2,888 1,672 1,828 2,197 2,526 -761 -1,490 -881 VI: Related Agencies -291 -1,958 -1,713 -915 -1,071 -1,193 -1,367 -1,166 -1,245 Discretionary total "302(b)" House basis w/ CFTC Discretionary total "302(b)" Senate basis w/o CFTC 2016 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Admin House Senate Source: CRS. Congressional Research Service 2 FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief Notes: Fiscal year budget authority. Includes only regular annual appropriations; includes CFTC regardless of jurisdiction (except for FY2016 Senate amount). For FY2016, House and Senate appropriators have made subcommittee allocations, but the agriculture subcommittees have not yet marked up their bills. c11173008 Congressional Research Service 2 FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief . To aid graphical comparison at this time, a constant $250 million is assumed for CFTC in FY2016 in the Senate since the Financial Services bill has not yet been reported. Increases in the use of CHIMPS and other tools to offset discretionary appropriations have ameliorated reductions in budget authority since FY2010. For example, the official “302(b)” discretionary total for the bill declined 10.6% from FY2010 to FY2015 ($23.3 billion to $20.8 billion, Figure 2), while the total of titlesTitles I-VI declined only 6.7% over that same period ($23.6 billion to $22.0 billion). Figure 3 illustrates a 10-year series of Agriculture appropriations on an inflation-adjusted basis. In constant FY2016 dollars, FY2015 Agriculture appropriations are 18% below their peak in FY2010, but have risen 2.7% above the FY2013 post-sequestration level. The FY2016 House subcommittee allocation would be about 2.4% below the inflation-adjusted amount for FY2015, about equal to the post-sequestration amount in FY2013, and on par with FY2007-FY2008. Over time, changes by title of the bill generally have been proportionate to changes in the total discretionary Agriculture appropriation, though some areas have sustained real increases while others have declined (separate from the peak in 2010). Agencies with sustained real increases since FY2007 include the Food and Drug Administration and CFTC (Related Agencies), the domestic food programs, and to a lesser extent foreign assistance. Agencies with real decreases since 2007 include rural development, discretionary conservation programs, and general agricultural programs. Congressional Research Service 3 FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief Figure 3. Inflation-Adjusted Discretionary Agriculture Appropriations Since FY2007 Inflation-adjusted FY2016 Dollars in Millions Admin House Senate Discretionary Appropriations I: Agricultural Programs 8,093 7,451 7,623 7,403 7,468 3,286 6,644 8,445 1,114 1,079 3,286 8,445 7,176 8,050 1,669 1,699 1,662 962 2,854 1,056 3,040 980 2,628 2,873 7,176 7,100 1,114 1,079 6,346 II: Conservation Programs 898 2,558 817 7,100 6,990 6,895 7,281 III: Rural Development 850 873 1,032 2,646 2,623 2,759 2,3836,711 6,718 873 1,032 840 856 2,558 2,646 2,623 2,758 2,644 2,676 2,383 898 817 850 7,713 7,445 7,240 7,364 7,207 7,110 202 6,946 6,995 IV: Domestic Food Programs V: Foreign Assistance VI: Related Agencies VII: General Provisions and Scorekeeping adjustments 2,305 2,047 1,952 1,783 1,893 1,878 1,813 1,802 1,864 2,878 2,883 2,697 2,858 2,893 3,066 2,872 2,888 1,922 2,058 2,445 2,787 -875 -1,677 -980 IV: Domestic Food ProgramsIII: Rural Development -320 -2,119 -1,821 -956 -1,103 -1,212 -1,367 -1,166 -1,245 Discretionary total "302(b)" House basis w/ CFTC Discretionary total "302(b)" Senate basis w/o CFTC 2016 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Admin House Senate Source: CRS. Notes: Fiscal year budget authority, adjusted for inflation by CRS using the GDP price deflator. Includes only regular appropriations; includes CFTC regardless of jurisdiction (except for FY2016 Senate amount). For FY2016, appropriators have made subcommittee allocations, but subcommittees have not yet marked up bills. c11173008. To aid graphical comparison, a constant $250 million is assumed for CFTC in FY2016 in the Senate since the Financial Services bill has not yet been reported. Congressional Research Service 3 . 4 Table 1. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Title, FY2012-FY2016 FY2013 FY2014 FY2015 FY2016 Change from FY2015... to Senate Bill Senate Compared with House -3,614.7 -3,608.4 +6.3 20,120.7 -3,539.1 -3,539.1 +0.0 6,711.2 6,717.5 -75.7 -69.4 +6.3 1,032.1 839.8 856.1 -19.5 -3.2 +16.3 2,582.4 2,758.4 2,643.9 2,675.9 +61.4 +93.5 +32.1 108,585.6 110,190.9 112,348.0 110,075.1 110,140.4 -115.8 -50.5 +65.3 97,171.9 101,432.9 103,096.7 105,146.4 103,128.6 103,145.0 +31.9 +48.3 +16.4 6,926.1 7,152.7 7,094.1 7,201.6 6,946.5 6,995.4 -147.7 -98.7 +48.9 V: Foreign Assistance 1,705.9 1,838.5 1,848.3 1,812.5 1,802.3 1,864.1 -46.0 +15.8 +61.8 VI: Food and Drug Administration 2,386.0 2,560.7 2,597.3 2,743.5 2,627.3 2,637.8 +30.0 +40.4 +10.4 [194.0] 215.0 [250.0] 322.0 245.0 na -5.0 na na -918.4 -987.0 -802.0 -1,036.0 -832.0 -908.0 -30.0 -106.0 -76.0 132.5 106.6 122.6 0.0 2.0 6.6 -120.6 -116.0 +4.6 -129.0 -191.0 -398.0 -331.0 -336.0 -344.0 +62.0 +54.0 -8.0 Title of Agriculture Appropriations Act I: Agricultural Programs Mandatory (M) Discretionary II: Conservation Programs III: Rural Development IV: Domestic Food Programs Mandatory (M) Discretionary Commodity Futures Trading Commission VII: General Provisions: CHIMPS & rescissions General Provisions: Other appropriations Scorekeeping adjustments P.L. 1136 post- House P.L. 11376 P.L. 113235 27,938.8 29,938.1 30,446.6 27,401.7 26,831.9 26,838.2 21,582.7 23,149.1 23,659.7 20,120.7 20,120.7 6,356.2 6,789.0 6,786.9 7,281.1 781.2 825.8 859.3 2,279.9 2,569.7 104,098.0 sequ. Subtract disaster declaration in this bill Admin. Request H.R. 3049 Senate S. 1800 to House Bill -116.0 Discretionary: Senate basis w/o CFTC 19,520.4 [20,665.0] 20,575.0 21,462.2 [20,405.0] 20,501.4 -170.0 -73.6 +96.4 Discretionary: House basis w/ CFTC [19,714.4] 20,880.0 [20,825.0] 21,784.2 20,650.0 na -175.0 na na Mandatory (M) 118,754.6 124,582.0 126,756.5 125,267.1 123,249.3 123,265.7 -3,507.2 -3,490.8 +16.4 Total: House basis w/ CFTC 138,469.0 145,462.0 147,581.5 147,051.3 143,899.3 144,017.1 -3,682.2 -3,564.4 +117.8FY2014 FY2015 P.L. 112-55 P.L. 113-6 post-sequ. P.L. 113-76 P.L. 113235 I: Agricultural Programs 24,970.2 27,938.8 29,938.1 30,182.1 Mandatory (M) 18,293.5 21,582.7 23,149.1 6,676.7 6,356.2 844.0 Title of Agriculture Appropriations Act FY2012 FY2013 FY2016 Admin. Request Change from FY2015 Enacted to FY2016 Request House Senate 27,278.5 — — -2,903.6 -9.6% 23,395.3 19,997.5 — — -3,397.8 -14.5% 6,789.0 6,786.9 7,281.0 — — +494.2 +7.3% 781.2 825.8 859.3 1,032.1 — — +172.8 +20.1% 2,405.2 2,279.9 2,569.7 2,582.4 2,759.0 — — +176.5 +6.8% 105,553.0 104,098.0 108,585.6 110,190.9 112,347.1 — — +2,156.2 +2.0% 98,551.9 97,171.9 101,432.9 103,096.7 105,237.5 — — +2,140.8 +2.1% Discretionary 7,001.1 6,926.1 7,152.7 7,094.1 7,109.6 — — +15.4 +0.2% V: Foreign Assistance 1,835.7 1,705.9 1,838.5 1,848.3 1,812.5 — — -35.8 -1.9% VI: Food and Drug Administration 2,505.8 2,386.0 2,560.7 2,597.3 2,744.0 — — +146.7 +5.6% Commodity Futures Trading Commission 205.3 [194.0] 215.0 [250.0] 322.0 — — +72.0 +28.8% VII: General Provisions: CHIMPS & rescissions -1,650.7 -918.4 -987.0 -802.0 -969.0 — — -167.0 +20.8% General Provisions: Other appropriations 377.1 132.5 106.6 122.6 0.0 — — -122.6 -100.0% -72.0 -129.0 -191.0 -398.0 -398.0 — — +0.0 +0.0% — — +116.0 — Discretionary II: Conservation Programs III: Rural Development IV: Domestic Food Programs Mandatory (M) Scorekeeping adjustments Subtract disaster declaration in this bill -367.0 Discretionary: Senate basis w/o CFTC [19,556.0] 19,520.4 [20,665.0] 20,575.0 21,371.2 [20,400.0] 20,510.0 +796.2 +3.9% 19,761.3 [19,714.4] 20,880.0 [20,825.0] 21,693.2 20,650.0 [20,760.0] +868.2 +4.2% Mandatory (M) 116,845.4 118,754.6 124,582.0 126,492.0 125,235.0 — — -1,257.0 -1.0% Total: House basis w/ CFTC 136,606.7 138,469.0 145,462.0 147,317.0 146,928.2 — — -388.8 -0.3% Discretionary: House basis w/ CFTC — — -116.0 — Source: CRS, using appropriations committee and CBO tables. Amounts are nominal budget authority in millions of dollars. Amounts are discretionary authority unless labeled otherwise. Amounts do not include supplemental appropriations outside the annual appropriation. FY2016 amounts are the 302(b) allocations, made comparable assuming a constant CFTC amount; the request is an unofficial compilation of Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and USDA data. Amounts for FY2013 are at the Amounts for FY2013 are at the post-sequestration level from the USDA Operating Plan. [Bracketed amounts] are not in the official totals due to differing House-Senate jurisdiction for CFTC. c11173008 CRS-4 Amounts for CFTC in the Senate are not yet available for comparison because the FY2016 Senate Financial Services bill has not been reported. CRS-5 FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief . Action on FY2016 Agriculture Appropriations The agriculture subcommittees of the House and Senate Appropriations Committees have held hearings with agency officials on the Administration’s budget request (next section). They are expected to mark up bills after a budget resolution is adopted and they receive allocations from the full committees.2 Last year, both of the agriculture subcommittees marked up bills on May 20, 2014, one of the earliest markups by both subcommittees in two decades (Table 3). The House Appropriations Committee reported its FY2016 allocations to the subcommittees on April 29, 2015 (H.Rept. 114-97). The discretionary allocation for the Agriculture and related agencies bill is $20.650 billion, which would be $175 million less than (-0.8%) the comparable amount for FY2015 ($20.825 billion).3 Markup of an Agriculture appropriations bill has not yet occurred to distribute the FY2016 allocation to the agency or account level. The Senate Appropriations Committee has not yet made allocations to the subcommittees. The Administration’s Budget Request for FY2016 The White House released its FY2016 budget request on February 2, 2015.4 USDA concurrently released its budget summary5 and budget explanatory notes6 with more programmatic details. Budget Authority Although the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) has not yet released an official re-estimate of the President’s budget request and compiled it for subcommittee jurisdiction, the discretionary total of accounts in the FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies appropriations bill is likely about $21.7 billion (on a House jurisdiction basis that includes CFTC).7 This would be about $868 million more than the comparable House-basis amount from FY2015 (+4.2%). The mandatory amount carried in the Agriculture appropriation is likely about $125 billion, down about $1.3 billion from FY2015. Thus, the total of mandatory and discretionary spending is likely $147 billion in the Administration’s FY2016 request, about $389 million less than in FY2015. 2 See CRS Report R42388, The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction, for context on procedures. Because jurisdiction for CFTC appropriations is different across House and Senate appropriations subcommittees, the enacted FY2015 CFTC appropriation was in the Financial Services and General Government appropriation. Thus, the enacted FY2015 Agriculture appropriation was based on Senate jurisdiction ($20.575 billion) and needs to be increased by the amount of the CFTC appropriation ($250 million) to be comparable for House jurisdiction ($20.825 billion). 4 Action on FY2016 Agriculture Appropriations The White House released its FY2016 budget request on February 2, 2015.2 USDA concurrently released its budget summary3 and budget explanatory notes4 with more programmatic details. The agriculture subcommittees of the House and Senate Appropriations Committees held hearings through the spring with agency officials on the Administration’s budget request. The House Appropriations Committee reported its “302(b)” allocations that set discretionary spending limits for the subcommittees on April 29, 2015 (H.Rept. 114-97). The discretionary allocation for the Agriculture and related agencies bill is $20.650 billion, which is $175 million less than the comparable amount for FY2015 ($20.825 billion).5 The House Agriculture appropriations subcommittee approved a draft bill6 on June 18, 2015, that distributes the allocation across agencies in its jurisdiction (Table 2).7 The House Appropriations Committee reported the bill on July 8, 2015, by voice vote (H.R. 3049, H.Rept. 114-205). The subcommittee allocation in the Senate is $20.510 billion (S.Rept. 114-55). Since the Senate allocation does not need to cover CFTC, which is in the jurisdiction of the Financial Services appropriations subcommittee, it is effectively $110 million more than a comparative allocation in the House if CFTC were held constant. The Senate Agriculture appropriations subcommittee approved a draft bill on July 14. The Senate Appropriations Committee reported the bill on July 16, 2015, by a vote of 28-2 (S. 1800, S.Rept. 114-82). Last year, for FY2015, both of the agriculture subcommittees marked up bills on May 20, 2014, one of the earliest markups by both subcommittees in two decades (Table 3).8 For a discussion of policy issues that affected the FY2015 appropriation, see CRS Report R43669, Agriculture and Related Agencies: FY2015 Appropriations. 2 Office of Management and Budget (OMB), FY2016 Budget of the U.S. Government, at http://www.whitehouse.gov/ omb/budget. See especially the details in the Appendix, at http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/Appendix. Note that the USDA request includes the Forest Service, which is in the Interior appropriations jurisdiction. The request for FDA is in the Appendix for the Department of Health and Human Services, and CFTC is with Other Independent Agencies. 53 USDA, FY2016 USDA Budget Summary, at http://www.obpa.usda.gov/budsum/fy16budsum.pdf. 6 USDA, FY2016 USDA Budget Explanatory Notes, at http://www.obpa.usda.gov/fy16explan_notes.html. 7 This is an unofficial compilation by CRS that may change after CBO provides official scores of the general provisions title—particularly for limitations on mandatory programs (changes in mandatory program spending, a.k.a. CHIMPS) that depend on how sequestration is incorporated, and scorekeeping adjustments. The standard deviation of this estimated total for discretionary budget authority is likely about 1%. 3 c11173008 Congressional Research Service 5 FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief . The Administration is requesting funding increases for most agencies in the Agriculture bill. The total of the increases for agencies that would see their discretionary budget authority rise is a change of +$1.132 billion, and mostly can be summarized as follows (Table 2): • Agricultural research: +$220 million for the Agricultural Research Service— mostly for buildings and facilities—and +$214 million for the National Institute of Food and Agriculture—mostly for expansion of competitive grants. • Rural development: +$177 million—mostly for rural housing grants, rural water and broadband, and new programs for rural child poverty and healthy foods. • Conservation: +173 million—mostly for new discretionary funding for watershed and flood prevention that would address climate change. • Food and Drug Administration: +$147 million, mostly for food safety, and animal drugs and feed regulatory activities. • USDA Administration: +$92 million, mostly to modernize headquarters facilities. • Commodity Futures Trading Commission: +$72 million. Reductions totaling -$91 million are shared across four agencies, including the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Food Safety Inspection Service, Farm Service Agency, and Food for Peace (P.L. 480) program; each reduction would be 3% or less compared to FY2015. Additional offsets in the general provisions title and scorekeeping adjustments are estimated to be $174 million greater than in FY2015, mostly from changes in mandatory program spending (CHIMPS) and the absence of supplemental disaster assistance. These increases and reductions combine to the net +$868 million change in the discretionary total compared with FY2015. Policy Proposals Among the policy-related proposals, the Administration proposes to allow more of the international food aid budget to be used for local and regional procurement of food.8 The Administration also proposes authorizing legislation to reduce crop insurance subsidies for policies providing revenue protection with “harvest price coverage.”9 The Administration also requests to administratively restructure two areas that would affect Agriculture appropriations (the FY2016 budget request, however, continues to reflect the current alignment). First, the Administration requests to consolidate the food safety activities of the USDA’s Food Safety and Inspection Service and the Food and Drug Administration into a new agency in the Department of Health and Human Services. Similar restructurings have been proposed, but reorganizations have not occurred.10 Second, the Administration requests to consolidate business and trade programs across several agencies, which would affect the rural business programs of USDA’s Rural Business-Cooperative Service. For a discussion of other policy issues that affected the FY2015 appropriation, see CRS Report R43669, Agriculture and Related Agencies: FY2015 Appropriations. 8 For background, see CRS Report R41072, U.S. International Food Aid Programs: Background and Issues. For more background, see CRS Report R43758, Farm Safety Net Programs: Background and Issues. 10 For more background, see CRS Report R42885, Food Safety Issues for the 114th Congress. 9 c11173008 Congressional Research Service 6 . Table 2. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Agency, FY2012-FY2016 FY2014 FY2015 P.L. 112-55 P.L. 113-6 post-sequ.a P.L. 113-76 P.L. 113235 507.6 531.3 526.1 364.5 Agricultural Research Service 1,094.6 1,016.9 1,122.5 National Institute of Food & Agriculture 1,202.3 1,142.0 158.6 Agency or Major Program FY2012 FY2013 FY2016 Admin. Requestb Change from FY2015 Enacted to FY2016 Request Housec Senated 456.1 — — +91.6 +25.1% 1,177.6 1,397.4 — — +219.8 +18.7% 1,277.1 1,289.5 1,503.1 — — +213.6 +16.6% 166.6 161.2 172.4 180.3 — — +7.9 +4.6% 77.7 71.4 78.1 85.4 86.0 — — +0.6 +0.8% 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 — — +0.0 +1.0% 819.7 761.4 824.9 874.5 859.0 — — -15.5 -1.8% 83.4 75.7 81.3 82.4 84.4 — — +1.9 +2.3% 1,080.0 1,049.6 1,107.0 1,284.0 1,303.0 — — +19.0 +1.5% 37.8 37.3 40.3 43.0 44.1 — — +1.1 +2.4% 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 — — +0.0 +1.0% 1,004.4 977.3 1,010.7 1,016.5 1,011.6 — — -4.9 -0.5% 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 — — +0.0 +1.0% 1,612.5 1,503.9 1,592.2 1,603.3 1,579.1 — — -24.1 -1.5% 4,787.1 4,575.7 5,527.3 6,402.1 6,402.1 — — +0.0 +0.0% 74.9 69.1 71.5 74.8 76.9 — — +2.1 +2.8% 3,142.4 9,514.5 9,502.9 8,666.0 8,174.0 — — -492.0 -5.7%4 USDA, FY2016 USDA Budget Explanatory Notes, at http://www.obpa.usda.gov/fy16explan_notes.html. 5 Because jurisdiction for CFTC appropriations is different across House and Senate appropriations subcommittees, the enacted FY2015 CFTC appropriation was in the Financial Services and General Government appropriation. Thus, the enacted FY2015 Agriculture appropriation was based on Senate jurisdiction ($20.575 billion) and needs to be increased by the amount of the CFTC appropriation ($250 million) to be comparable for House jurisdiction ($20.825 billion). 6 The draft bill is available from the House Agriculture appropriations subcommittee at http://appropriations.house.gov/ UploadedFiles/BILLS-114HR-SC-AP-FY2016-Agriculture-SubcommitteeDraft.pdf. 7 Draft report language is available from the committee at http://appropriations.house.gov/uploadedfiles/hrpt-114-hrfy2016-agriculture.pdf. 8 See CRS Report R42388, The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction, for context on procedures. Congressional Research Service 6 Table 2. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Agency, FY2012-FY2016 FY2013 FY2014 FY2015 FY2016 Change from FY2015... to Senate Bill Senate Compared with House -9.1 -2.3 +6.7 1,136.8 -10.2 -40.8 -30.6 1,284.5 1,293.7 -5.0 +4.2 +9.2 180.3 161.2 168.1 -11.2 -4.3 +6.9 85.4 86.0 78.1 85.4 -7.3 +0.0 +7.3 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 -0.0 +0.0 +0.0 761.4 824.9 874.5 859.0 874.1 879.6 -0.4 +5.1 +5.5 75.7 81.3 82.4 84.4 82.0 82.4 -0.4 +0.0 +0.4 1,049.6 1,107.0 1,284.0 1,425.0 1,425.0 1,425.0 +141.0 +141.0 +0.0 37.3 40.3 43.0 44.1 43.0 43.0 +0.0 +0.0 +0.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 -0.0 +0.0 +0.0 977.3 1,010.7 1,016.5 1,011.6 1,011.6 1,013.6 -4.9 -2.9 +2.1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.0 +0.0 +0.0 Farm Service Agencyb 1,503.9 1,592.2 1,603.3 1,579.1 1,576.9 1,574.8 -26.3 -28.5 -2.2 FSA Farm Loans: Loan Authorityc 4,575.7 5,527.3 6,402.1 6,402.1 6,402.1 6,402.1 +0.0 +0.0 +0.0 69.1 71.5 74.8 76.9 74.0 74.8 -0.8 +0.0 +0.8 P.L. 1136 post- House P.L. 11376 P.L. 113235 531.3 526.1 364.5 456.1 355.4 362.1 Agricultural Research Service 1,016.9 1,122.5 1,177.6 1,397.4 1,167.5 National Institute of Food & Agriculture 1,142.0 1,277.1 1,289.5 1,503.1 166.6 161.2 172.4 71.4 78.1 0.8 Agency or Major Program sequ.a Admin. Request H.R. 3049 Senate S. 1800 to House Bill Title I: Agricultural Programs Departmental Administration Research, Education and Economics National Agricultural Statistics Service Economic Research Service Under Secretary, Research, Education, Econ. Marketing and Regulatory Programs Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service Agricultural Marketing Service Section 32 (M) Grain Inspection, Packers & Stockyards Under Secretary, Marketing and Regulatory Food Safety Food Safety & Inspection Service Under Secretary, Food Safety Farm and Commodity Programs Farm Service Agencye FSA Farm Loans: Loan Authorityf Risk Management Agency Salaries & Exp. Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (M)g c11173008 CRS-7 . Agency or Major Program Commodity Credit Corporation (M)g FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 FY2015 P.L. 112-55 P.L. 113-6 post-sequ.a P.L. 113-76 P.L. 113235 14,071.0 11,018.5 12,538.9 13,444.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 18,293.5 21,582.7 6,676.7 FY2016 Admin. Requestb Change from FY2015 Enacted to FY2016 Request Housec Senated 10,520.0 — — -2,924.7 -21.8% 0.9 0.9 — — +0.0 +1.0% 23,149.1 23,395.3 19,997.5 — — -3,397.8 -14.5% 6,356.2 6,789.0 6,786.9 7,281.0 — — +494.2 +7.3% 24,970.2 27,938.8 29,938.1 30,182.1 27,278.5 — — -2,903.6 -9.6% 828.2 766.8 812.9 846.4 831.2 — — -15.2 -1.8% 200.0 — — +200.0 Under Secretary, Farm and Foreign Agr. Risk Management Agency Salaries & Exp. CRS-7 FY2013 Agency or Major Program Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (M)d Commodity Credit Corporation (M)d Under Secretary, Farm and Foreign Agr. P.L. 1136 post- FY2014 FY2015 FY2016 Change from FY2015... to Senate Bill Senate Compared with House -755.3 -755.3 +0.0 10,519.9 -2,924.8 -2,924.8 +0.0 0.9 0.9 -0.0 +0.0 +0.0 20,120.7 20,120.7 20,120.7 -3,539.1 -3,539.1 +0.0 6,786.9 7,281.1 6,711.2 6,717.5 -75.7 -69.4 +6.3 29,938.1 30,446.6 27,401.7 26,831.9 26,838.2 -3,614.7 -3,608.4 +6.3 812.9 846.4 831.2 832.9 855.2 -13.5 +8.8 +22.3 +0.0 +0.0 +0.0 House H.R. 3049 P.L. 11376 P.L. 113235 9,514.5 9,502.9 8,930.5 8,175.2 8,175.2 8,175.2 11,018.5 12,538.9 13,444.7 10,519.9 10,519.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 21,582.7 23,149.1 23,659.7 6,356.2 6,789.0 27,938.8 766.8 sequ.a Admin. Request Senate S. 1800 to House Bill Subtotal Mandatory (M) Discretionary Subtotal Title II: Conservation Programs Conservation Operations Watershed & Flood Prevention Watershed Rehabilitation Program Under Secretary, Natural Resources Subtotal — — — — — 15.0 200.0 13.6 12.0 12.0 0.0 — —6.0 0.0 -6.0 -12.0 -100.0%6.0 0.8 0.89 0.9 0.9 0.9 — —0.9 -0.0 +0.0 +1.0% 8440.0 781.2 825.8 859.3 1,032.1 — — +172.8 +20.1% 653.9 613.0 657.4 678.2 685.6 — — +7.4 +1.1% 1,090.3 1,031.1 1,279.6 1,298.4 1,395.5 — — +97.2 +7.5% 26,546.0839.8 856.1 -19.5 -3.2 +16.3 613.0 657.4 678.2 685.6 679.2 682.7 +1.0 +4.5 +3.5 1,031.1 1,279.6 1,298.4 1,394.7 1,367.0 1,367.2 +68.6 +68.8 +0.2 27,335.1 27,408.1 27,421.5 27,383.5 — — -38.0 -0.1% 109.3 114.2 130.2 103.2 138.5 — — +35.3 +34.2% 869.8 953.7 1,022.8 984.5 993.2 — — +8.7 +0.9% 551.0 520.8 501.6 501.7 538.4 — — +36.7 +7.3% 8,676.9 8,849.4 7,514.5 7,464.1 7,934.2 — — +470.2 +6.3% 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 — — +0.0 +1.0% 2,405.2 2,279.9 2,569.7 2,582.4 2,759.0 — — +176.5 +6.8% 36,092.7 37,138.2 35,945.4 35,870.1 36,311.0 — — +440.9 +1.2% 407.4 27,421.8 27,483.0 +0.3 +61.5 +61.3 Rural Business-Cooperative Servicef 114.2 130.2 103.2 138.7 87.0 91.5 -16.2 -11.8 +4.4 RBCS Loan Authorityc 953.7 1,022.8 984.5 993.6 984.5 994.2 +0.0 +9.8 +9.8 Rural Utilities Service 520.8 501.6 501.7 538.4 509.7 533.7 +8.0 +32.0 +24.0 8,849.4 7,514.5 7,464.1 7,934.2 7,464.1 8,710.6 +0.0 +1,246.5 +1,246.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 -0.0 +0.0 +0.0 Under Secretary, Natural Resources Subtotal Title III: Rural Development Salaries and Expenses (including transfers)h Rural Housing Service RHS Loan Authorityf Rural Business-Cooperative RBCS Loan Servicei Authorityf Rural Utilities Service RUS Loan Authorityf Under Secretary, Rural Development Subtotal Subtotal, RD Loan Authorityf c11173008 CRS-8 . FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 FY2015 P.L. 112-55 P.L. 113-6 post-sequ.a P.L. 113-76 P.L. 113235 18,151.2 19,913.2 19,288.0 21,300.2 6,618.5 6,522.2 6,715.8 80,401.7 77,285.4 Commodity Assistance Programs 242.3 Nutrition Programs Administration FY2016 Admin. Requestb Change from FY2015 Enacted to FY2016 Request Housec Senated 21,587.3 — — +287.1 +1.3% 6,623.0 6,623.0 — — +0.0 +0.0% 82,169.9 81,837.6 83,692.1 — — +1,854.5 +2.3% 243.7 269.7 278.5 288.3 — — +9.8 +3.5% 138.5 132.7 141.3 150.8 155.6 — — +4.7 +3.1% 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 — — +0.0 +1.0% 98,551.9 97,171.9 101,432.9 103,096.7 105,237.5 — — +2,140.8 +2.1% 7,001.1 6,926.1 7,152.7 7,094.1 7,109.6 — — +15.4 +0.2% 105,553.0 104,098.0 108,585.6 110,190.9 112,347.1 — — +2,156.2 +2.0% 176.3 163.1 177.9 181.4 191.6 — — +10.2 +5.6% Public Law 480 and admin. expenses 1,468.5 1,362.0 1,468.7 1,468.5 1,402.5 — — -66.0 -4.5% Local and regional food procurement — — — — 20.0 — — +20.0 na Agency or Major Program e Rural Housing Service RHS Loan Authorityc RUS Loan Authorityc Under Secretary, Rural Development CRS-8 FY2013 FY2014 FY2015 FY2016 Change from FY2015... to Senate Bill Senate Compared with House +61.4 +93.5 +32.1 37,187.8 +0.3 +1,317.8 +1,317.5 21,507.43 21,524.4 +207.3 +224.2 +17.0 6,623.0 6,484.0 6,513.0 -139.0 -110.0 +29.0 81,837.6 83,693.1 81,653.2 81,662.1 -184.4 -175.5 +8.9 269.7 278.5 288.3 288.3 288.3 +9.8 +9.8 +0.0 132.7 141.3 150.8 155.6 141.3 151.8 -9.5 +1.0 +10.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.0 +0.0 +0.0 97,171.9 101,432.9 103,096.7 105,146.4 103,128.6 103,145.0 +31.9 +48.3 +16.4 6,926.1 7,152.7 7,094.1 7,201.6 6,946.5 6,995.4 -147.7 -98.7 +48.9 104,098.0 108,585.6 110,190.9 112,348.0 110,075.1 110,140.4 -115.8 -50.5 +65.3 163.1 177.9 181.4 191.6 184.4 187.2 +3.0 +5.8 +2.8 1,362.0 1,468.7 1,468.5 1,402.5 1,419.5 1,468.5 -49.0 +0.0 +49.0 +0.0 +0.0 +0.0 P.L. 1136 post- House H.R. 3049 P.L. 11376 P.L. 113235 2,279.9 2,569.7 2,582.4 2,758.4 2,643.9 2,675.9 37,138.2 35,945.4 35,870.1 36,335.2 35,870.3 19,913.2 19,288.0 21,300.2 21,587.3 6,522.2 6,715.8 6,623.0 77,285.4 82,169.9 Commodity Assistance Programs 243.7 Nutrition Programs Administration Agency or Major Program Subtotal Subtotal, RD Loan Authorityc sequ.a Admin. Request Senate S. 1800 to House Bill Title IV: Domestic Food Programs Child Nutrition Programs (M) WIC Program SNAP, Food & Nutrition Act Programs (M) Office of Under Secretary Subtotal Mandatory (M) Discretionary Subtotal Title V: Foreign Assistance Foreign Agricultural Service Public Law 480 and admin. expenses Local and regional food procurement McGovern-Dole Food for Education CCC Export Loan Salaries Subtotal 184.0 Title VI: Related Agencies CRS-9 20.0 174.5 185.1 191.6 191.6 — —191.6 201.6 +0.0 +0.0% 6.810.0 +10.0 6.3 6.7 6.7 6.7 — —6.7 6.7 +0.0 +0.0% 1,835.7 +0.0 1,705.9 1,838.5 1,848.3 1,812.5 — — -35.8 -1.9% 2,505.8 2,386.0 2,560.7 2,597.3 2,744.0 — — +146.7 +5.6% 205.3 [194.0] 215.0 [250.0] 322.0 — — +72.0 +28.8% 2,711.1 2,386.0 2,775.7 2,597.3 3,066.0 — — +468.7 +18.0% Title VI: Related Agencies Food and Drug Administration Commodity Futures Trading Commissionj Subtotal c11173008 CRS-9 . FY2014 FY2015 P.L. 112-55 P.L. 113-6 post-sequ.a P.L. 113-76 P.L. 113235 -1,631.8 -893.0 -953.7 -785.0 Rescissions -18.9 -25.3 -33.3 Other appropriations 377.1 132.5 -1,273.6 Agency or Major Program FY2012 FY2013 FY2016 Admin. Requestb Change from FY2015 Enacted to FY2016 Request Housec Senated -949.0 — — -164.0 +20.9% -17.0 -20.0 — — -3.0 +17.6% 106.6 122.6 0.0 — — -122.6 -100.0% -785.9 -880.4 -679.4 -969.0 — — -289.6 +42.6% — — -116.0 — — — — Title VII: General Provisions Changes in Mandatory Program Spending Subtotal Scorekeeping Adjustmentsk Disaster declaration in this bill Other scorekeeping adjustments -367.0 — -72.0 -129.0 -191.0 -398.0 -398.0 — — +0.0 +0.0% -439.0 -129.0 -191.0 -514.0 -398.0 — — +116.0 -22.6% [19,556.0] 19,520.4 [20,665.0] 20,575.0 21,371.2 [20,400.0] 20,510.0 +796.2 +3.9% Discretionary: House basis w/ CFTC 19,761.3 [19,714.4] 20,880.0 [20,825.0] 21,693.2 20,650.0 [20,760.0] +868.2 +4.2% Mandatory (M) 116,845.4 118,754.6 124,582.0 126,492.0 125,235.0 — — -1,257.0 -1.0% 136,606.7 138,469.0 145,462.0 147,317.0 146,928.2 — — -388.8 -0.3% Subtotal Totals Discretionary: Senate basis w/o CFTC Total: House basis w/ CFTC Source: CRS, using appropriations committee tables, unpublished CBO tables, and OMB and USDA data1,802.3 1,864.1 -46.0 +15.8 +61.8 FY2013 Agency or Major Program P.L. 1136 postsequ.a FY2014 FY2015 FY2016 Change from FY2015... to Senate Bill Senate Compared with House House P.L. 11376 P.L. 113235 Admin. Request H.R. 3049 Senate S. 1800 to House Bill Food and Drug Administration 2,386.0 2,560.7 2,597.3 2,743.5 2,627.3 2,637.8 +30.0 +40.4 +10.4 Commodity Futures Trading Commissiong [194.0] 215.0 [250.0] 322.0 245.0 na -5.0 na na 2,386.0 2,775.7 2,597.3 3,065.5 2,872.3 2,637.8 +275.0 +40.4 -234.6 -893.0 -953.7 -785.0 -1,016.0 -798.0 -875.0 -13.0 -90.0 -77.0 Rescissions -25.3 -33.3 -17.0 -20.0 -34.0 -33.0 -17.0 -16.0 +1.0 Other appropriations 132.5 106.6 122.6 0.0 2.0 6.6 -120.6 -116.0 +4.6 -785.9 -880.4 -679.4 -1,036.0 -830.0 -901.4 -150.6 -222.0 -71.4 +116.0 +116.0 +0.0 Subtotal Title VII: General Provisions Changes in Mandatory Program Spending Subtotal Scorekeeping Adjustmentsh Disaster declaration in this bill Other scorekeeping adjustments -116.0 -129.0 -191.0 -398.0 -331.0 -336.0 -344.0 +62.0 +54.0 -8.0 -129.0 -191.0 -514.0 -331.0 -336.0 -344.0 +178.0 +170.0 -8.0 Discretionary: Senate basis w/o CFTC 19,520.4 [20,665.0] 20,575.0 21,462.2 [20,405.0] 20,501.4 -170.0 -73.6 +96.4 Discretionary: House basis w/ CFTC [19,714.4] 20,880.0 [20,825.0] 21,784.2 20,650.0 na -175.0 na na Mandatory (M) 118,754.6 124,582.0 126,756.5 125,267.1 123,249.3 123,265.7 -3,507.2 -3,490.8 +16.4 Total: House basis w/ CFTC 138,469.0 145,462.0 147,581.5 147,051.3 143,899.3 144,017.1 -3,682.2 -3,564.4 +117.8 Subtotal Totals Source: CRS, using appropriations committee tables and unpublished CBO tables. Notes: Amounts are budget authority in millions of dollars and are in nominal dollars. Amounts do not include supplemental appropriations outside the annual appropriation. Amounts are discretionary authority unless labeled otherwise; (M) indicates that the account is mandatory authority (or primarily mandatory authority). [Bracketed amounts] are not in the official totals due to differing House-Senate jurisdiction for CFTC but are shown for comparison. c11173008 a. a. CRS-10 Amounts for FY2013 are at the post-sequestration level from the USDA FY2013 Operating Plan, at http://www.dm.usda.gov/foia/docs/USDA_Operating_Plan.pdf. b. Amounts for the FY2016 Administration Request are an unofficial CRS compilation from the OMB Budget Appendix and USDA Budget and Explanatory Notes. Estimates may change when CBO releases its official re-estimate of the budget request, particularly for Section 32, Commodity Credit Corporation, Federal Crop Insurance Corporation, limitations (CHIMPS) in the general provisions that may be affected by sequestration, and scorekeeping adjustments. c. The FY2016 discretionary subtotal in the House column is the 302(b) subcommittee allocation in H.Rept. 114-118. The Agriculture appropriations subcommittee has not yet marked up a bill to distribute this amount across agencies and programs. The amount is made comparable to the Senate subcommittee’s jurisdiction by subtracting an assumed constant $250-million appropriation for CFTC. CRS-10 . c11173008 d. The FY2016 discretionary subtotal in the Senate column is the 302(b) subcommittee allocation in S.Rept. 114-55. The Agriculture appropriations subcommittee has not yet marked up a bill to distribute this amount across agencies and programs. The amount is made comparable to the House subcommittee’s jurisdiction by adding an assumed constant $250-million appropriation for CFTC. e b. Includes regular FSA salaries and expenses, plus transfers for farm loan program salaries and administrative expenses. Also includes farm loan program loan subsidy, State Mediation Grants, Dairy Indemnity Program (mandatory funding), and Grassroots Source Water Protection Program. Does not include appropriations to the Foreign Agricultural Service for export loans and P.L. 480 administration that are transferred to FSA. fc. Loan authority is the amount of loans that can be made or guaranteed with a loan subsidy; it is not added in the budget authority subtotals or totals. gd. Commodity Credit Corporation and Federal Crop Insurance Corporation each receive an indefinite appropriation (“such sums as necessary”). Estimates for appropriations may not reflect actual outlays. he. Includes Rural Development salaries and expenses, and transfers from the three rural development agencies for salaries and expenses. Amounts for the agencies thus reflect program funds for loans and grants. if. Amounts for the Rural Business-Cooperative Service are before the rescission from the Cushion of Credit account, unlike in Appropriations committee tables. The rescission is included with the changes in mandatory program spending (CHIMPS), which allows the RBCS subtotal to remain positive. jg. Jurisdiction for CFTC is in the House agriculture appropriations subcommittee and the Senate financial services appropriations subcommittee. After FY2008, CFTC is carried in enacted Agriculture appropriations in even-numbered fiscal years, always in House Agriculture markup and never in Senate Agriculture markup. [Bracketed amounts] are not in the official totals due to differing House-Senate jurisdiction for CFTC but are shown for comparison. k Amounts for CFTC in the Senate are not yet available for comparison because the FY2016 Senate Financial Services bill has not been reported. h. “Scorekeeping adjustments” are not necessarily appropriated items and may not be shown in appropriations committee tables, but are part of the official CBO score score (accounting) of the bill. They predominantly include “negative subsidies” in loan program accounts and adjustments for disaster designations in the bill. CRS-11 FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief . Table 3. Congressional Action on Agriculture Appropriations Since FY1995 House Action Senate Action Final Appropriation Fiscal Year Subcom. Comm. Chamber Subcom. Comm. Chamber 1995 5/26/1994 6/9/1994 6/17/1994 6/22/1994 6/23/1994 7/20/1994 9/30/1994 E P.L. 103-330103330 IB94011 1996 6/14/1995 6/27/1995 7/21/1995 9/13/1995 9/14/1995 9/20/1995 10/21/1995 E P.L. 104-3710437 95-624 1997 5/30/1996 6/6/1996 6/12/1996 7/10/1996 7/11/1996 7/24/1996 8/6/1996 E P.L. 104-180104180 IB96015 1998 6/25/1997 7/14/1997 7/24/1997 7/15/1997 7/17/1997 7/24/1997 11/18/1997 E P.L. 105-8610586 97-201 1999 6/10/1998 6/16/1998 6/24/1998 6/9/1998 6/11/1998 7/16/1998 10/21/1998 O P.L. 105-277105277 98-201 2000 5/13/1999 5/24/1999 6/8/1999 6/15/1999 6/17/1999 8/4/1999 10/22/1999 E P.L. 106-7810678 RL30201 2001 5/4/2000 5/16/2000 7/11/2000 5/4/2000 Polled Enacteda Public Law CRS Report 5/10/2000 7/20/2000 10/28/2000 E P.L. 106-387 RL30501 106387 RL30501 2002 6/6/2001 6/27/2001 7/11/2001 Polled outb 7/18/2001 10/25/2001 11/28/2001 E P.L. 107-76 RL31001 2002 6/6/2001 6/27/2001 7/11/200110776 RL31001 2003 6/26/2002 7/26/2002 — 7/23/2002 7/25/2002 — 2/20/2003 O P.L. 108-7 RL31301 2004 6/17/2003 7/9/2003 7/14/2003 7/17/2003 11/6/2003 11/6/2003 1/23/2004 O P.L. 108-199108199 RL31801 2005 6/14/2004 7/7/2004 7/13/2004 9/8/2004 9/14/2004 — 12/8/2004 O P.L. 108-447108447 RL32301 2006 5/16/2005 6/2/2005 6/8/2005 6/21/2005 6/27/2005 9/22/2005 11/10/2005 E P.L. 109-9710997 RL32904 2007 5/3/2006 5/9/2006 5/23/2006 6/20/2006 6/22/2006 — 2/15/2007 Y P.L. 110-5 RL33412 2008 7/12/2007 7/19/2007 8/2/2007 7/17/2007 7/19/2007 — 12/26/2007 O P.L. 110-161110161 RL34132 2009 6/19/2008 — — Polled out 7/17/2008 — 3/11/2009 O P.L. 111-8 R40000 2010 6/11/2009 6/18/2009 7/9/2009 Polled out 7/7/2009 8/4/2009 10/21/2009 E P.L. 111-8011180 R40721 2011 6/30/2010 — — Polled out 7/15/2010 — 4/15/2011 Y P.L. 112-1011210 R41475 2012 5/24/2011 5/31/2011 6/16/2011 Polled out 9/7/2011 11/1/2011 11/18/2011 O P.L. 112-55 R4196411255 R41964 Congressional Research Service Enacteda Public Law 12 CRS Report FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief House Action Senate Action Final Appropriation Fiscal Year Subcom. Comm. Chamber Subcom. Comm. Chamber 2013 6/6/2012 6/19/2012 — Polled out 4/26/2012 — 3/26/2013 O P.L. 113-6 R43110 2014 6/5/2013 6/13/2013 — 6/18/2013 6/20/2013 — 1/17/2014 O P.L. 113-7611376 R43110 2015 5/20/2014 5/29/2013 — 5/20/2014 5/22/2014 — 12/16/2014 O P.L. 113-235113235 R43669 2016 tbdc tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd6/18/2015 7/8/2015 — 7/14/2015 7/16/2015 — Enacteda Public Law R43938 Source: CRS. a. E=Enacted as stand-alone appropriation; O=Omnibus appropriation; Y=Year-long continuing resolution. b. A procedure that permits a bill to advance if subcommittee members independently agree to move it along. c. tbd=To be determined. Author Contact Information Jim Monke Specialist in Agricultural Policy jmonke@crs.loc.gov, 7-9664 c11173008 Congressional Research Service 12 FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief . Key Policy Staff c11173008 Key Policy Staff Area of Expertise Name Phone Email Agricultural appropriations generally Jim Monke 7-9664 jmonke@crs.loc.gov Agricultural research Jim Monke 7-9664 jmonke@crs.loc.gov Agricultural Marketing Service Joel L. Greene 7-9877 jgreene@crs.loc.gov Agricultural trade Mark A. McMinimy 7-2172 mmcminimy@crs.loc.gov Animal and Plant Health Inspection Renée Johnson 7-9588 rjohnsonTadlock Cowan 7-7600 tcowan@crs.loc.gov Commodity Futures Trading Commission Rena Miller 7-0826 rsmiller@crs.loc.gov Conservation Megan Stubbs 7-8707 mstubbs@crs.loc.gov Crop insurance and farm safety net Dennis A. Shields 7-9051 dshields@crs.loc.gov Domestic food assistance Randy Alison Aussenberg 7-8641 raussenberg@crs.loc.gov Farm Service Agency Jim Monke 7-9664 jmonke@crs.loc.gov Food and Drug Administration Susan Thaul 7-0562 sthaul@crs.loc.gov Food safety, generally Renée Johnson 7-9588 rjohnson@crs.loc.gov Food safety, meat and poultry inspection Joel L. Greene 7-9877 jgreene@crs.loc.gov Foreign food aid Randy Schnepf 7-4277 rschnepf@crs.loc.gov Congressional Research Service CRS Report 13 FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief Area of Expertise Name Phone Email Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Admin. Joel L. Greene 7-9877 jgreene@crs.loc.gov Rural development Tadlock Cowan 7-7600 tcowan@crs.loc.gov Section 32 Dennis A. Shields 7-9051 dshields@crs.loc.gov Congressional Research Service 1314