Order Code 98-684
Updated July 26, 2006
CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS WebJune 2, 2008
Latin America and the Caribbean:
Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections
Mark P. Sullivan
Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division
Julissa Gomez-Granger
Knowledge Services Group
This fact sheet tracks the current heads of government in Central and South America,
Mexico, and the Caribbean, and provides the dates of the last and next election for head
of government. It also provides the national independence date for each country.
Table 1. South America
Country
Independence
Date
Argentina
July 9, 1816
KIRCHNER, Néstor
Apr. 27, 2003
2007FERNANDEZ DE
KIRCHNER, Cristina
Oct. 28, 2007
Oct. 2011
Bolivia
Aug. 6, 1825
MORALES, Evo
Dec. 18, 2005
2011Dec. 2010
Brazil
Sept. 7, 1822
DA SILVA, Luis Inácio
Lula
Oct. 2002
Oct. 1, 20061/ Oct. 29,
2006
Oct. 2010
Chile
Sept. 18, 1810
BACHELET, Michelle
Dec. 11, 2005/
Jan. 15, 2006
2010Dec. 2009
Colombia
July 20, 1810
URIBE, Alvaro
May 28, 2006
May 2010
Ecuador
May 24, 1822 PALACIO, Alfredoa
Oct./Nov. 2002
CORREA, Rafael
Oct. 15/Nov. 26,
2006
Oct. 2010
Paraguay
May 14, 1811
DUARTE FRUTOS,
Nicanora
Apr. 20, 2008
Apr. 2013Apr. 27, 2003
Apr. 2008
Peru
July 28, 1821 TOLEDO, Alejandrob
Apr.
GARCIA, Alan
Apr. 9, 2006/
June 4, 2006
Apr. 2011
Uruguay
Aug. 25, 1825 VÁZQUEZ, Tabaré
Oct. 31, 2004
Oct. 2009
July 2000
Dec. 3, 2006
Venezuela
July 5, 1811
Head of Government
DUARTE FRUTOS,
Nicanor
CHÁVEZ, Hugo
Last Election
Next Election
a. Lucio Gutierrez, elected in November 2002, was removed from office by Ecuador’s Congress on April 20, 2005,
following weeks of popular protests, and was succeeded by Vice President Alfredo Palacio.
b. Alan García won the June 4, 2006, presidential election, and will be inaugurated on July 28, 2006.
Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress
VÁZQUEZ, Tabaré
Oct. 31, 2004
Oct. 2009
Venezuela
July 5, 1811
CHÁVEZ, Hugo
Dec. 3, 2006
Dec. 2012
Head of Government
Last Election
Next Election
a. Fernando Lugo won the April 20, 2008 presidential election, and will be inaugurated on August 15, 2008.
CRS-2
Table 2. Mexico and Central America
Country
Independence
Head of Government
Date
Mexico
Sept. 16, 1810
FOX, VicenteaCALDERÓN, Felipe
July 2, 2006
July 2012
Costa Rica
Sept. 15. 1821
ARIAS, Oscar
Feb. 5, 2006
Feb. 2010
El Salvador
Sept. 15, 1821
SACA, Elías Antonio
(Tony)
Mar. 21, 2004
Mar. 2009
Guatemala
Sept. 15, 1821
BERGER, Oscar
Nov./Dec. 2003
Nov. 2007COLOM, Alvaro
Sept. 9, 2007/
Nov. 4, 2007
by Nov. 2011
Honduras
Sept. 15, 1821
ZELAYA, Manuel
Nov. 27, 2005
Nov. 2009
Nicaragua
Sept. 15, 1821
BOLANOS, Enrique
Nov. 2001
Nov. 5, 2006ORTEGA, Daniel
Nov. 5, 2006
Nov. 2011
Panama
Nov. 3, 1903
TORRIJOS, Martin
May 2, 2004
May 2009
Head of Government
Last Election
Next Election
a. According to the official vote count, Felipe Calderón of the National Action Party received 35.89% of the vote in
the July 2, 2006, presidential election, while Andrés Manuel López Obrador of the Party of the Democratic
Revolution received 35.31%. López Obrador has petitioned the Federal Judicial Electoral Tribunal for a full
manual recount, which has until Sept. 6, 2006, to certify the results. The presidential inauguration is to be held
on December 1, 2006.
Table 3. Caribbean
Country
Independence
Date
Head of Government
Last Election
Next ElectionLast Election
Next Election
Table 3. Caribbean
Country
Independence
Date
Antigua &
Barbuda
Nov. 1, 1981
SPENCER, Baldwin
Mar. 23, 2004
by Mar. 2009
Bahamas
July 10, 1973
CHRISTIE, Perry
May 2002
by May 2007INGRAHAM, Hubert
May 2, 2007
by May 2012
Barbados
Nov. 30, 1966 ARTHUR, Owen
May 21, 2003
by May 2008
THOMPSON, David
Jan. 15, 2008
by Jan. 2013
Belize
Sept. 21, 1981 MUSA, Said
Mar. 5, 2003
by Mar. 2008BARROW, Dean
Feb.7, 2008
February 2013
Cuba
May 20, 1902 CASTRO, Fidel
CASTRO RUZ, Raúl
a
a
Dominica
Nov. 3, 1978
SKERRITT, Roosevelt
May 5, 2005
by May 2010
Dominican
Republic
Feb. 27, 1844
FERNANDEZ, Leonel
May 16, 20042008
May 20082012
Grenada
Feb. 7, 1974
MITCHELL, Keith
Nov. 27, 2003
by Nov. 2008
Guyana
May 26, 1966
BHARRAT, Jagdeo
Mar. 2001
Aug. 28, 2006
Feb. 7, 2006
2011
Oct. 2002
by Oct. 2007
Haiti
Jamaicaby Aug. 2011
Haiti
Jan. 1, 1804
Aug. 6, 1962
PRÉVAL, Réne
SIMPSON MILLER, Portia
b
PRÉVAL, Réne
Feb. 7, 2006
2011
Jamaica
Aug. 6, 1962
GOLDING, Bruce
Sept. 3, 2007
by Sept. 2012
St. Kitts &
Nevis
Sept. 19, 1983 DOUGLAS, Denzil
Oct. 25, 2004
by Oct. 2009
St. Lucia
Feb. 22, 1979
ANTHONY, Kenny
Dec. 2001
by Dec.2, 2006KING, Stephensonb
Dec. 11, 2006
by Dec. 2011
St. Vincent &
the Grenadines
Oct. 27, 1979
GONSALVES, Ralph
Dec. 7, 2005
by Mar. 7, 2010
Suriname
Nov. 25, 1975
VENETIAAN, Ronald
May 25, 2005
May 2010
Trinidad &
Tobago
Aug. 31, 1962
MANNING, Patrick
Oct. 7, 2002
by Oct. 2007
a. Castro has served as head of government since the 1959 Cuban Revolution. Since that time, there have been no
elections for head of government.
b. Portia Simpson Miller was sworn in as Prime Minister on March 30, 2006, after replacing out going Prime Minster
P.J. Patterson as leader of the ruling People’s National PartyNov. 5, 2007
by Nov. 2012
Head of Government
Last Election
Next Election
a. On February 24, 2008, Raúl Castro was selected by Cuba’s legislature as President of the Council of State, a position
that makes him head of state and government. Raúl had been serving as acting President since July 31, 2006, when
Cuba’s long-serving communist leader, Fidel Castro, stepped down provisionally because of poor health. Since the
1959 Cuban Revolution, there have been no elections for head of government.
b. Stephenson King was sworn in as Prime Minister on September 10, 2007, following the death of Prime Minister
John Compton, who had been elected in December 2006.