Connecting Older Adults to Information on
Benefits and Services
Updated March 4, 2024
Congressional Research Service
https://crsreports.congress.gov
R47605

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Appendixes
Appendix. Acronyms ..................................................................................................................... 22

Contacts
Author Information ........................................................................................................................ 23

Congressional Research Service

Connecting Older Adults to Information on Benefits and Services

Purpose and Scope
Older adults often contact congressional offices with questions about federal benefits, programs,
and services. This report is intended to assist Members and congressional staff helping older
adults navigate this landscape by connecting them to information from federal agencies and
federally funded organizations.
This guide is organized primarily by subject. The information provided in relation to each of
these subjects is not always uniform. In part, this stems from differences in the availability of
information and from differences inherent in the topics and resources addressed. When available,
the guide describes federally funded referral services that provide individual assistance to older
adults and can match their specific circumstances to relevant federal, state, or local programs. In
some cases, the guide describes federal programs that provide support to older adults seeking
assistance with specific needs, such as housing, food, or transportation. In other areas, the guide
links to consumer information provided by the federal government to educate citizens about
issues of concern to older adults, such as health-related conditions or scams and fraud.
This report is not intended to be a comprehensive catalog of all relevant resources; rather, it
reflects questions that are frequently asked by older constituents, touching on such topics as elder
justice, employment, food assistance, health and caregiving, housing assistance, personal finance,
retirement, technology, transportation, and other related issues.
Many of the programs described in this report have specific age eligibility requirements. Other
programs are not limited to specific age groups but have a different eligibility structure for older
adults, or may play an important role in supporting older Americans. The aim of this report is to
highlight and provide an introduction to the key federal activities that may be relevant to older
adults seeking assistance from congressional offices. This guide, and the CRS reports1 it
references, are publicly available at https://crsreports.congress.gov/.
Benefits Guides
The following resources cover a broad range of federal government benefits, programs, and
services for which older adults may be eligible.
• Benefits Checkup
https://benefitscheckup.org
This online tool helps older adults and people with disabilities find benefit
programs they might be eligible for. The tool allows users to search by zip code
to identify health care, food, housing, and other benefits and services available in
a particular locality. This website is partially supported by the Administration for
Community Living (ACL).
• Benefits.gov
https://www.benefits.gov
This online tool, the product of an interagency collaboration, provides access to
information on more than 1,000 federal and state program benefits for
individuals. Programs can be browsed by agency or category, or identified using
the Benefit Finder, a detailed questionnaire that matches an individual’s
characteristics (e.g., age, income, education, family size, health, military service,

1 For a policy-oriented guide to resources about aging and disability, congressional clients may consult CRS Report
R46931, Aging and Disability: CRS Products and Experts.
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employment) to program eligibility criteria. At the outset, the tool asks users to
indicate a date of birth.
• DIAL: Disability Information Access Line
https://dial.acl.gov/
This interactive website and online directory provides information about essential
services such as transportation, housing support, and disability rights by
providing a one-stop online chat, ASL (American Sign Language) chat, a phone
and text option (1-888-677-1199), and a search to identify local resources by
entering a specific address, city, state, and/or zip code.
• Eldercare Locator
https://eldercare.acl.gov/
This interactive website connects older adults and caregivers with local
resources, benefits, and services, including rides to medical appointments, home
and community-based long-term services and supports, caregiver training, health
insurance counseling, legal services, elder abuse prevention, meals, housing, and
adult protective services, through an information and referral service and hotline
(1-800-677-1116).
Cash Assistance2
Some older adults may be eligible for cash assistance due to disability or to an inability to meet
their basic needs for other reasons. The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two
programs providing cash assistance: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and
Supplemental Security Income (SSI).3 SSDI cash benefits may be available to insured workers
who become disabled and are below Social Security’s full retirement age (65-67, depending on
year of birth).4 SSI cash assistance may be available to disabled individuals under age 65 who
have limited incomes and limited resources. The SSI program also provides cash assistance to
individuals aged 65 and older who have limited incomes and limited resources, without regard to
their disability status.
• Eligibility for SSDI and SSI
https://www.ssa.gov/disability/
This website provides guidance on eligibility and program components for SSDI
and SSI. Both programs are administered through the Social Security
Administration and provide cash assistance. Information about the disability
application, and a link to a PDF with an “Adult Disability Checklist,” are
available from the landing page. For information specific to SSDI, visit
https://www.ssa.gov/benefits/disability/; for information specific to SSI, visit
https://www.ssa.gov/benefits/ssi/.
• Information for People Helping Others
https://www.ssa.gov/thirdparty/
This website provides guidance for people helping others apply for SSDI or SSI
benefits. It includes information about SSI, SSDI, expediting applications, and

2 This section was written by CRS Senior Research Librarian Tamar Breslauer.
3 For background on these programs, consult CRS Report R44948, Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and
Supplemental Security Income (SSI): Eligibility, Benefits, and Financing. CRS reports are publicly available at
https://crsreports.congress.gov.
4 After the Social Security full retirement age, SSDI beneficiaries convert seamlessly to Social Security old age
beneficiaries. See the section below on “Social Security.”
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estimating monthly benefits. It links to legal and advocacy assistance
organizations and information on how to file an appeal, request a waiver for an
overpayment, get emergency assistance for homeowners and renters, and get help
in a language other than English.
Elder Justice and Legal Assistance
Some older adults may be victims of abuse or fraud, need assistance with personal or financial
decisions, or seek assistance from an attorney to enforce their rights and resolve their legal
issues.5
Abuse, Neglect, and Domestic Violence
• Elder Justice Initiative
https://www.justice.gov/elderjustice
This website describes activities of the Department of Justice to address elder
abuse, neglect, and financial fraud. It includes materials for officials involved in
combatting elder abuse at the local level and general information about types and
warning signs of elder abuse. State-level contact information to find help or
report abuse is at https://www.justice.gov/elderjustice/find-support-elder-abuse.
• National Indigenous Elder Justice Initiative
https://www.nieji.org/
This website provides resources on abuse, neglect, and exploitation of American
Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Elders. It includes links to tribal
abuse codes and state and tribal hotlines for reporting elder abuse, neglect, or
financial exploitation. This site is partially funded by the Administration for
Community Living.
• National Domestic Violence Hotline: 800-799-7233 (800-799-SAFE)
https://www.thehotline.org/
This website connects individuals with trained domestic violence advocates
available by telephone, live chat, and mobile text through the National Domestic
Violence Hotline, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Information, education, and
referral services provided by the hotline are free and confidential. The hotline is
partially supported by HHS and DOJ.
Discrimination
• Age Discrimination
https://www.hhs.gov/civil-rights/for-individuals/age-discrimination/index.html
This website provides information about the Age Discrimination Act of 1975,
which prohibits age discrimination in certain federally funded or administered
health programs and activities. Scroll to “Have Your Civil Rights Been
Violated?” to file a complaint.
• Age Discrimination
https://www.dol.gov/general/topic/discrimination/agedisc
This website provides information on the Age Discrimination in Employment Act

5 This section was written by former CRS Senior Research Librarian Abigail Overbay. This section was originally
compiled by former CRS Law Librarian Melissa Scheeren.
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(ADEA). The ADEA generally protects people aged 40 or older from
employment discrimination and harassment on the basis of age. It includes
information on enforcement through the Civil Rights Center and the Equal
Employment Opportunity Commission.
• Guide to Disability Rights Laws
https://www.ada.gov/resources/disability-rights-guide
This website provides resources highlighting federal laws that prohibit
discrimination on the basis of disability. It includes contact information for filing
complaints.
Guardianship and Other Protective Arrangements
• Guardianship: Key Concepts and Resources
https://www.justice.gov/elderjustice/guardianship-key-concepts-and-resources
This website describes guardianship and links to guardianship resources from the
American Bar Association, National Guardianship Association, and Center for
Elders and the Courts. Guardianships, conservatorships, and other protective
arrangements may affect the rights of older adults to make independent decisions
about personal and financial matters.
• Social Security: Representative Payee
https://www.ssa.gov/payee/
This website describes the Social Security Administration’s Representative Payee
program, which provides payment management for beneficiaries who cannot
manage their Social Security or Supplemental Security Income payment. It
includes information and guidance for individual and organizational
representative payees, as well as online portals to login to the representative
payee accounts.
Legal Assistance
• Get Legal Help
https://www.lsc.gov/about-lsc/what-legal-aid/i-need-legal-help
This is the website for the Legal Services Corporation (LSC), which funds
organizations that provide civil legal services to low-income individuals. It can
be used to search for an address, or click on the map to find contact information
for local LSC-funded legal aid providers.
• Legal Help for Veterans
https://www.va.gov/ogc/legalservices.asp
This website, maintained by the Office of General Counsel for the Department of
Veterans Affairs (VA), provides links to resources through which veterans can
obtain free legal assistance.
• State Protection and Advocacy Systems
https://acl.gov/programs/pa-programs
This website describes the State Protection and Advocacy Systems (P&As),
which provide legally based advocacy services for people with disabilities,
including older adults. State P&As operate independently and may partner with
agencies that provide other services. This website provides contact information
from the “Find Your State P&A Agency” link at https://acl.gov/programs/find-
your-pa-agency.
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Employment and Volunteering6
Although some older adults are retired, others may be looking for, or engaged in, paid or
volunteer work. Several agencies offer resources for older adults interested in work or volunteer
opportunities.
• CareerOneStop, 55+ Workers
https://www.careeronestop.org/ResourcesFor/55PlusWorkers/55-plus-
workers.aspx
This website provides guidance and links to resources to assist older adults
seeking employment. It includes information to help older adults explore careers,
identify jobs and training opportunities, compose cover letters and resumes, and
address common obstacles facing older adults as they look for employment. This
website is supported by the DOL.
• CareerOneStop, American Job Center Finder
https://www.careeronestop.org/LocalHelp/AmericanJobCenters/american-job-
centers.aspx
This interactive web-based resource connects individuals (including older
workers) to local American Job Centers (also known as One-Stop centers) for a
variety of career and employment assistance.7 It includes an Older Worker
Program Finder, which helps unemployed older individuals locate partner
programs supported by the DOL’s Senior Community Service Employment
Program. Through the grant program, DOL subsidizes part-time employment and
training in community service positions. The Older Worker Program Finder is
available at https://www.careeronestop.org/LocalHelp/EmploymentAndTraining/
find-older-worker-programs.aspx.
• AmeriCorps Seniors Pathfinder
https://americorps.gov/serve/americorps-seniors/americorps-seniors-pathfinder
This interactive web-based resource connects seniors to AmeriCorps Senior
Corps volunteer opportunities in their local counties.8 It includes the Foster
Grandparent program, in which older adults mentor and guide students; the
RSVP program, in which older adults support a variety of community needs; and
the Senior Companion program, in which older adults serve as companions and
friends by providing assistance to other seniors who have difficulties with daily
tasks.
• Volunteer.gov
https://www.volunteer.gov/
This interactive, web-based resource connects individuals with available
volunteering opportunities (regardless of age) based on the type of activity, date,
location, and sponsoring partner (such as the National Park Service, U.S. Forest

6 This section was written by former CRS Senior Research Librarian Abigail Overbay.
7 For additional information on employment services provided by local One-Stop centers, consult CRS Report R44252,
The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act and the One-Stop Delivery System. CRS reports are publicly available
at https://crsreports.congress.gov.
8 For more information on AmeriCorps Senior Corps Programs, consult CRS Report RL33931, The Corporation for
National and Community Service: Overview of Programs and Funding, available to the public at
https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/RL/RL33931. CRS reports are publicly available at
https://crsreports.congress.gov.
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Service, and Bureau of Land Management). It includes volunteer positions
nationwide with federal, state, and local partners.
• VA Volunteer Service Offices
https://www.volunteer.va.gov/directory/index.asp
This is an interactive map allowing individuals to search for local VA Voluntary
Service opportunities. VA Volunteer Service Offices provide veterans and
families with financial assistance, medical treatment, and career and transition
advice.
Food Assistance9
Several federal programs provide food or benefits redeemable for food.10 Some assistance
programs have broader eligibility, whereas others are targeted toward older adults.11 The
following resources provide information on select federal food assistance programs for which
older adults may be eligible.
• Child and Adult Care Food Program
https://www.fns.usda.gov/cacfp
This website describes the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP), which
facilitates the provision of nutritious meals through organizations that provide
afterschool care, child care, adult daycare, or emergency shelter. For state agency
contact information, see https://www.fns.usda.gov/cacfp/state-agency, located
under “State Contacts” on the left side of the web page.
• Commodity Supplemental Food Program
https://www.fns.usda.gov/csfp/commodity-supplemental-food-program
This website describes the Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP),
which provides monthly food packages to low-income older adults. State
agencies partner with local organizations to distribute food to program
participants. The website includes a list of state agencies to contact to find a local
program. Note that the program operates in some, but not all, areas. Eligibility
information and instructions on how to apply are on the CSFP website at
https://www.fns.usda.gov/csfp/applicant-recipient.
• Seniors Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program
https://www.fns.usda.gov/sfmnp/senior-farmers-market-nutrition-program
This website provides information about the Seniors Farmers’ Market Nutrition
Program (SFMNP), which provides low-income older adults (60+) with greater
access to fresh produce through local farmers’ markets, roadside stands, and
community agricultural programs. SFMNP does not operate in all states. To
locate state agency contact information, select “State Agency Contacts” under the
“About SFMNP Program” section.
• Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program

9 This section was written by CRS Research Librarian Alyse Minter.
10 For a brief overview of hunger and food insecurity and a discussion of major federal food assistance programs and
their respective authorizing legislation, see CRS Report R42353, Domestic Food Assistance: Summary of Programs.
CRS reports are publicly available at https://crsreports.congress.gov.
11 For an overview of the Older Americans Act nutrition programs for older adults, including authorizing legislation,
program administration, funding, and program evaluation, see CRS In Focus IF10633, Older Americans Act: Nutrition
Services Program. CRS reports are publicly available at https://crsreports.congress.gov.
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This website describes the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP),
which provides assistance to low-income households in the form of monthly
benefits redeemable for food. SNAP has special, more favorable eligibility rules
for older adults (60+) and disabled persons; see https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/
eligibility/elderly-disabled-special-rules. To locate state agencies that can assist
with application and eligibility questions, see the state agency directory at
https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/state-directory.
• Older Americans Act Nutrition Program
https://acl.gov/programs/health-wellness/nutrition-services
This website describes formula grants supported by the Older Americans Act,
which support nutrition services for older adults, including home-delivered meals
and meals in congregate settings such as senior centers. Funds are distributed to
states, U.S. territories, and tribal organizations. State funding is provided to local
entities through area agencies on aging. Links to these agencies are available at
https://www.hhs.gov/aging/state-resources/index.html.
Health and Caregiving12
The resources below provide contacts and information for older adults and their caregivers who
have questions about health care-related issues, including coverage, insurance, services, and
fraud.
Resource Guides
• CRS In Focus IF11694, Connecting Older Adults and Individuals with
Disabilities to Health Services: Resources for Congressional Offices13
This publication describes federally funded resources that provide information,
outreach, and assistance for older adults and caregivers to find, navigate, and
access available public and private health care and long-term services and
supports.
• Eldercare Locator
https://eldercare.acl.gov
This web-based resource connects older adults and caregivers with local
resources, benefits, and services, including rides to medical appointments, home
and community-based long-term services and supports, caregiver training, and
health insurance counseling through an information and referral service and
hotline (1-800-677-1116).
Medicaid and Medicare
• Medicaid & CHIP: How-To Information
https://www.medicaid.gov/about-us/beneficiary-resources/index.html
This website lists state Medicaid websites and contacts for determining Medicaid
eligibility, how to apply, and how to get assistance with Medicaid questions and
problems. Medicaid is a joint federal-state program that finances primary and
acute medical services, as well as long-term services and supports, to a diverse

12 This section was written by CRS Senior Research Librarian Angela Napili.
13 CRS reports are publicly available at https://crsreports.congress.gov.
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low-income population. Each state designs and administers its own Medicaid
program within federal guidelines. For eligible low-income older adults,
Medicaid finances certain services, such as transportation to nonemergency
medical appointments and Medicare premiums and cost sharing.
• Medicare.gov: Talk to Someone
https://www.medicare.gov/talk-to-someone
This interactive resource facilitates opportunities for individuals to talk or live
chat in person with a professional about Medicare issues. It assists with
navigating Medicare questions and includes contacts for topics such as
enrollment, complaints and appeals, and Medicare costs and options. Medicare is
a federal program that covers medical services for qualified beneficiaries. It
provides health insurance to individuals aged 65 and older, disabled individuals
under the age of 65, persons with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), and persons
with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig’s Disease).
Condition-Specific Resources
• 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline
https://988lifeline.org/
This website provides online access via chat to the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline.
This emergency number and contact offers free and confidential emotional
support, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Individuals of any age in emotional
distress or suicidal crisis can call, text, or chat to 988. The web page offers
additional support materials and guidance for specific populations.
• Federal Health Information Centers and Clearinghouses
https://health.gov/our-work/national-health-initiatives/health-literacy/resources/
national-health-information-center/topic
This website lists federal sources for free public information and referrals on
health conditions and other topics, including aging, Alzheimer’s, arthritis, cancer,
dental and oral health, and substance abuse.
• Health Info Lines
https://www.nih.gov/health-information/health-info-lines
This website provides a list of telephone hotlines for specific health topics and
conditions, such as Alzheimer’s Disease, arthritis, aging, mental health, and
women’s health, among other topics.
• MedlinePlus
https://medlineplus.gov/
This website, from the National Library of Medicine, connects constituents to
plain language information on health and medical topics, including drugs and
supplements, disorders and conditions, and diagnosis and therapy. Many topics
address issues relevant to older adult health. Materials are available in English
and Spanish. The “Customer Support” section links to several frequently asked
questions, including “How do I find a library that can help me with health
information?” at https://support.nlm.nih.gov/knowledgebase/article/KA-04358/
en-us.
• Services and Supports for Longer-Term Impacts of COVID-19
https://www.covid.gov/assets/files/Services-and-Supports-for-Longer-Term-
Impacts-of-COVID-19-08012022.pdf
This report, released August 2022, describes federal programs, hotlines, and
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websites, including federal supports and services for Americans experiencing
long COVID and services for individuals dealing with mental health, substance
use, or bereavement challenges in the wake of the pandemic. Most of the
resources are relevant to those with other disabilities as well, and to anyone who
meets the applicable program criteria. Additional resources and supports are at
https://www.covid.gov/be-informed/longcovid..
Health Care Fraud
• Protecting Yourself & Medicare from Fraud
https://www.medicare.gov/Pubs/pdf/10111-Protecting-Yourself-and-Medicare.pdf
This publication presents tips and resources for preventing, detecting, and
reporting Medicare fraud. It includes information on Senior Medicare Patrol
programs that receive complaints and provide referrals; available at
https://www.smpresource.org/.
• Reporting Fraud
https://www.cms.gov/About-CMS/Components/CPI/CPIReportingFraud
This website lists resources and hotlines for reporting suspected health care
fraud, waste, or abuse. It includes contacts for reporting about Medicaid and
Medicare, such as the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of
the Inspector General.
Housing Assistance14
Several federal programs provide housing assistance to low-income households.15 Some
assistance programs are targeted toward older adults, whereas others have broader eligibility.16
Rental Assistance Programs
The following resources provide information on select federal rental assistance programs.
Programs may designate certain housing units for elderly households and persons with
disabilities.
• Public Housing
https://www.hud.gov/topics/rental_assistance/phprog
This website answers questions about the Housing and Urban Development’s
(HUD’s) public housing program. HUD provides federal funding to local public
housing agencies (PHAs) to operate public housing for eligible low-income
households. To apply for public housing, contact the local PHA at
https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/public_indian_housing/pha/contacts.
• Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers
https://www.hud.gov/topics/housing_choice_voucher_program_section_8
This website answers questions about housing choice vouchers (HCVs). Section

14 This section was written by CRS Research Librarian Alyse Minter.
15 For an overview of federal housing programs, consult CRS Report RL34591, Overview of Federal Housing
Assistance Programs and Policy. CRS reports are publicly available at https://crsreports.congress.gov.
16 See, for example, CRS Report R44128, HUD’s Reverse Mortgage Insurance Program: Home Equity Conversion
Mortgages, which provides an overview of the Home Equity Conversion Mortgage program, including its history and
major policies. CRS reports are publicly available at https://crsreports.congress.gov.
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8 HCV provides rental assistance to low-income households renting in the private
market. Interested renters should contact their local PHA at https://www.hud.gov/
program_offices/public_indian_housing/pha/contacts.
• HUD Multifamily Housing Programs
https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/housing/mfh/hsgrent
This website provides links to guidance on rental housing and housing
counseling. The HUD Office of Multifamily Housing Programs administers
project-based rental assistance programs for low-income households in properties
owned by private developers. Multifamily rental programs include project-based
Section 8 rental assistance, Section 202 housing for the elderly, and Section 811
housing for persons with disabilities. Interested renters can find available
properties at https://apps.hud.gov/apps/section8/index.cfm.
• USDA Multifamily Housing Rental Assistance
https://www.rd.usda.gov/programs-services/multifamily-housing-programs/
multifamily-housing-rental-assistance
This website provides an overview and application guidance for the U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA) Multifamily Housing Rental Assistance
program. The program subsidizes rent for low-income tenants in USDA-financed
Rural Rental Housing or Farm Labor Housing projects. Locate USDA
multifamily housing rental projects at https://rdmfhrentals.sc.egov.usda.gov/
RDMFHRentals/mfh_state_text.
Home Repair and Modification Programs
The following resources provide information on federal loan and grant programs for housing
repairs and modifications to eligible homeowner-occupied properties. Mortgage programs include
reverse mortgages and rehabilitation mortgage insurance.
• Federal Housing Administration Reverse Mortgage for Seniors
https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/housing/sfh/hecm/hecmhome
This website offers guidance about home equity conversion mortgages (HECMs),
the Federal Housing Agency’s (FHA’s) reverse mortgage program that allows
homeowners aged 62+ to withdraw a portion of their home equity for any
purpose. Contact a HECM counselor at https://entp.hud.gov/idapp/html/
hecm_agency_look.cfm.
• FHA 203(k) Rehab Mortgage Insurance
https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/housing/sfh/203k/
This website provides an overview of FHA 203(k) home loans, which allow
borrowers to purchase and rehabilitate a new home or refinance their mortgage
and rehabilitate an existing home using a single mortgage. Interested borrowers
must apply through an FHA-approved lender. Locate an FHA approved lender at
https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/housing/sfh/lender/lenderlist.
• FHA Title I Property Improvement Loans
https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/housing/sfh/title/title-i
This website provides an overview of Title I loans, which allow borrowers to
finance improvements to single-family homes or to improve or construct
nonresidential structures on the property. Interested borrowers must apply
through an FHA approved lender. Locate an FHA approved lender at
https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/housing/sfh/lender/lenderlist.
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• USDA Section 504 Single Family Housing Repair Loans & Grants
https://www.rd.usda.gov/programs-services/single-family-housing-programs/
single-family-housing-repair-loans-grants
This website provides an overview of the Section 504 Home Repair program,
which provides loans to low-income homeowners in rural areas to repair,
improve, or modernize their homes. The program also makes home repair grants
to low-income older adults (62+) in rural areas to address health or safety
hazards. Interested homeowners should contact their local USDA Rural
Development office at https://www.rd.usda.gov/about-rd/state-offices.
• HUD Funding Available for Home Repair or Modification
https://www.hud.gov/states
This website provides links to state-HUD contacts. To access, click your state,
click “Learn About Homeownership” under “I Want To,” and then select “Home
Repairs.” HUD makes funding available at the state and local levels that may be
used for home repairs, rehabilitation, and accessibility through home
modifications. Home improvement programs may be funded through Community
Development Block Grants, the HOME Investment Partnerships Program, and
the Older Adult Home Modification Program. Availability of funds depends on
state and local discretion.
Housing Help and Protections
The following resources offer information on federal programs that support and protect renters
and homeowners.
• Housing Counselors
https://answers.hud.gov/housingcounseling
This website provides information on HUD-approved housing counseling
agencies that provide counselors who can advise renters and homeowners on a
variety of housing topics, including buying or renting a home, reverse mortgages,
evictions, mortgage defaults, and credit issues.
• HUD Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity
https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/fair_housing_equal_opp/online-complaint
This website provides guidance on how to file an Office of Fair Housing and
Equal Opportunity (FHEO) complaint. FHEO implements and enforces federal
laws related to fair housing and civil rights. This includes investigating
complaints related to fair housing violations in public or private housing. Federal
fair housing and civil rights laws protect against housing discrimination on the
basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex (including gender identity and
sexual orientation), familial status, and disability.
• Mortgage Scams
https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/mortgage-relief-scams
This website provides consumer advice on avoiding different types of mortgage
and mortgage relief scams. The website also provides links to reporting fraud to
the FTC or to the state attorney general.
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Personal Finance and Tax17
Personal Finance
Several agencies—the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (FDIC), Federal Trade Commission (FTC), National Credit Union Administration
(NCUA) and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)—provide personal finance-
related information specifically intended for seniors. The following are selected websites and
publications from these agencies.
• Working with Older Adults
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/consumer-tools/educator-tools/resources-for-
older-adults/
This website gathers tools and resources for those who manage the finances of
older adults or family members, resources for practitioners and financial
institutions, and research and reports addressing elder financial exploitation.
Some guides are specific for older adults facing dramatic life events, such as
older adults who are surviving spouses.
• Tools for Financial Security in Later Life
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/consumer-tools/educator-tools/resources-for-
older-adults/financial-security-as-you-age/
This website provides resources for older adults and caregivers to help them
manage their financial security. Some of the tools are interactive, allowing users
to enter specific information to estimate their income in retirement; others are
guides to understanding financial vehicles used by older adults, such as reverse
mortgages. Additional topics include managing debt from medical and long-term
care, as well as managing debt after someone has passed away.
• Help for Surviving Spouses
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/consumer-tools/educator-tools/resources-for-
older-adults/discover-resources-for-surviving-spouses/
This website provides tools and resources for managing finances when a spouse
or partner dies. It includes several downloadable worksheets, such as a step-by-
step guide, “Taking Control of Your Finances.” The guide lists important
documents, provides worksheets to cull bills and assets, and suggests where to
find professional assistance, such as Lawhelp.org (https://www.lawhelp.org/).
Lawhelp.org is maintained by Pro Bono Net in partnership with nonprofit legal
aid, pro bono, and court-based programs and libraries. Other useful resources
include a guide to understanding for which debt survivors may be responsible
and guides to how to plan ahead with a spouse or family member.
• Submit a Complaint
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/complaint/
This website explains how to file a complaint about financial products and
services with the CFPB. The CFPB accepts complaints about credit cards,
mortgages, credit repair, debt collection, student loans, vehicle loans, student
loans, and other financial products either through its website (click “Start a new
complaint”) or over the phone at (855) 411-2372. CFPB then contacts the
companies involved and sends the response to the person submitting the

17 This section was written by CRS Senior Research Librarians Maura Mullins and Jennifer Teefy.
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complaint. CFPB shares the complaint and the feedback (without any identifying
information of the person who submitted the complaint) on its Consumer
Complaint Database at https://www.consumerfinance.gov/data-research/
consumer-complaints/.
• Seniors information site at Investor.gov
https://www.investor.gov/additional-resources/information/seniors/
This website provides a list of resources to help seniors manage and monitor their
investments and avoid scams. It includes information such as how to add a
trusted contact person, how to plan for illness, and how to tap retirement
accounts or roll over funds. A section on “featured content” explains investing
strategies, risks associated with certain retirement savings vehicles (such as self-
directed IRAs), and potential scams.
Personal Finance Fraud and Scams
• National Elder Fraud Hotline 833–372–8311 (833-FRAUD-11)
https://ovc.ojp.gov/program/stop-elder-fraud/providing-help-restoring-hope
The U.S. Department of Justice’s National Elder Fraud Hotline, managed by the
Office for Victims of Crime, provides services to all adults aged 60 and older
who may be victims of financial fraud. The hotline is staffed by experienced case
managers who provide personalized support to callers by assessing the needs of
the victim and identifying relevant next steps. Case managers provide resources
and guide callers through the reporting process at the federal, state, and local
levels.
• Elder Abuse Roadmap–Financial
https://www.justice.gov/elderjustice/roadmap
This interactive, web-based resource can be used to guide victims and advocates
to appropriate contacts for reporting various types of financial exploitation.
Through a series of questions, users are led to the appropriate agency to report
abuse and provided with guidance on what happens after a report has been filed.
• Protecting Older Adults from Fraud and Financial Exploitation
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/consumer-tools/educator-tools/resources-for-
older-adults/protecting-against-fraud/
This website provides resources to protect and inform consumers, caregivers,
service providers, and financial institutions. It includes guidance on how to
identify and prevent elder financial exploitation and financial abuse, and includes
options for downloading and ordering bulk guides, toolkits, and consumer guides
specifically for an older audience. Some materials are also available in Spanish.
• Reporting and Responding to Elder Financial Abuse
https://www.consumerfinance.gov/consumer-tools/educator-tools/resources-for-
older-adults/elder-abuse-resources/
This website provides a list of, and direct links to, local, state, and federal
resources that may be of use to those seeking assistance with responding to elder
financial abuse issues, as well as those seeking legal and benefits resources. The
website describes the role of Adult Protective Services, elder care mediation, and
long-term care ombudsman programs, as well as agencies and websites that
provide guidance on laws and benefits for older adults. Additional resources for
health care and long-term care professionals are also provided.
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• Money Smart for Older Adults
https://www.fdic.gov/resources/consumers/money-smart/teach-money-smart/
money-smart-for-older-adults.html
This website offers a program and resource guide to raise awareness among older
adults and their caregivers on how to avoid financial exploitation and encourages
financial planning and decisionmaking. The free, instructor-led curriculum
covers topics such as Elder Financial Exploitation, Investment Fraud, Avoiding
Charity Scams, Identity Theft and Medical Identify Theft, and scams that target
specific populations, such as homeowners and veterans. Each module includes a
resource guide and PowerPoint slides.
• Consumer News: Protecting Seniors from Financial Abuse
https://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/news/april2019.html
This article offers tips for seniors on protecting their finances, as well as tips for
friends and family to protect an older person from financial exploitation. The
article is available as a PDF in both English and Spanish, and includes guidance
on how to order a free credit report and provides the FDIC’s contact information.
• Avoiding and Reporting Scams
https://consumer.ftc.gov/scams
This website provides links to resources on how to avoid scams; how to report
claims of fraud, scams, or bad business practices; and steps to take if scammed
(e.g., when someone paid or provided personal information to a possible
scammer). The landing page also allows searching for scams by keyword and
type of scam (such as gift card scams, Social Security Impersonators, and others).
• NCUA Offers Older Americans Valuable Information on Managing,
Protecting Money
https://www.ncua.gov/newsroom/press-release/2019/ncua-offers-older-
americans-valuable-information-managing-protecting-money
This press release provides links to resources, including a video, from NCUA to
help older adults manage money and protect against fraud and exploitation. Some
of the links, such as to the “Aging and Managing Finances” section of
MyCreditUnion.gov (available at https://mycreditunion.gov/life-events/aging-
managing-finances), cover topics such as prepaid funerals, long-term care, and
early warning signs of aging and financial decline.
• A Guide for Seniors: Protect yourself against investment fraud
https://www.sec.gov/investor/seniors/guideforseniors.pdf
This publication is a guide that educates seniors on how scam artists work and
how to invest safely and avoid fraud. Among other guidance, it includes numbers
to call for help as well as red flag warnings of fraud. The guide also lists
publications that are available for download in English and Spanish about
specific investment topics.
• Avoiding Retirement Fraud
https://www.investor.gov/additional-resources/retirement-toolkit/avoiding-
retirement-fraud
This website provides advice on how to avoid investment fraud, as well as links
to tools to research a company’s financial statements and disclosures through the
SEC EDGAR database at https://www.investor.gov/introduction-investing/
getting-started/researching-investments/using-edgar-research-investments.
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Tax
The following are selected Internal Revenue Service (IRS) websites and publications on tax
issues specific to seniors.
• Tax Information for Seniors and Retirees
https://www.irs.gov/individuals/seniors-retirees
This website consolidates links to information on tax issues of concern to seniors,
including determining whether retirement income is taxable. In addition to
responding to specific tax concerns, the page includes an interactive tax assistant
to help users determine taxes related to pensions, IRAs, and Social Security.
• Publication 554: Tax Guide for Seniors
https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p554.pdf
This publication provides a general overview of selected topics that are of
interest to older taxpayers. It covers retirement plan distributions, Social Security
and Railroad Retirement Benefits, Life Insurance Proceeds, Sale of Home,
Reverse Mortgages, Credits for the Elderly or the Disabled, and related topics It
also helps individuals determine whether to file tax returns and, if so, what items
to report. The link takes users to the most recent publication for the tax year.
• Tips for Seniors in Preparing their Taxes
https://www.irs.gov/individuals/seniors-retirees/tips-for-seniors-in-preparing-
their-taxes
This website provides tips to help individuals avoid some of the common errors
that can occur when dealing with the standard deduction for seniors, taxable
amount of Social Security benefits, and credit for the elderly and disabled. It
provides links to the related IRS documents that explain the forms in more detail.
The website also links to IRS-sponsored volunteer tax assistance programs.
• Publications for Older Americans
https://www.irs.gov/individuals/seniors-retirees/publications-for-older-americans
This website consolidates links to IRS publications and websites that may be of
interest to seniors, and includes information about AARP Tax-Aide volunteer
counselors who help those with low-to-middle income, with special attention to
those aged 60 and older Topics include disabilities, retirement, mutual fund
distributions, and tax withholding.
• Publication 524: Credit for the Elderly or the Disabled
https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p524.pdf
This publication provides information on how an individual may be able to
reduce tax liability by taking the credit for the elderly or the disabled. Individuals
can use an IRS tool to determine whether they qualify for this credit at
https://www.irs.gov/help/ita/do-i-qualify-for-the-credit-for-the-elderly-or-
disabled.
• Tax Counseling for the Elderly
https://www.irs.gov/individuals/free-tax-return-preparation-for-qualifying-
taxpayers
This website provides information about and links to free tax preparation
assistance services for those aged 60 and older, specializing in questions about
pensions and retirement-related issues unique to seniors. The IRS manages two
programs, the IRS’s Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) and Tax
Counseling for the Elderly (TCE), both of which offer basic tax return
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preparation to qualified individuals. VITA also offers assistance to limited
English-speaking taxpayers. The volunteers who work with older adults have all
received tax law training that meets or exceeds IRS standards. The website
provides a Locator Tool (also at https://irs.treasury.gov/freetaxprep/), and
individuals may call 800-906-9887 to find a location.
Tax Fraud and Scams
• Tax Scams/Consumer Alerts
https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/tax-scams-consumer-alerts
This consumer alert landing page provides information on multiple types of
scams such as charity fraud, scams related to natural disasters, identity theft, and
telephone impersonation scams. The website links to an email address to report
scams, advising users to forward email scams to phishing@irs.gov. Recent
information on scams is available in multiple languages.
• Knowing How the IRS Contacts Taxpayers Can Help Protect People from
Scammers
https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/knowing-how-the-irs-contacts-taxpayers-can-
help-protect-people-from-scammers
This IRS news release provides tax tips to help taxpayers distinguish between
legitimate IRS representatives and scammers. The page describes the
mechanisms the IRS uses to contact individuals and how to avoid identity theft.
Phone and Internet Services18
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) administers programs to help low-income
households afford phone and internet services and internet-connected devices. In addition to
household income, participation in select federal assistance programs may also determine
eligibility.
• Lifeline Program
https://www.lifelinesupport.org/get-started/
This website describes the Lifeline program, which provides monthly subsidies
for phone and internet services for qualified low-income consumers and
households. Eligibility criteria, the application, and confirmation is on the
website, or call (800) 234-9473.
Retirement19
Several federal agencies provide a variety of retirement resources, including planning for
retirement, pension plans and counseling, and Social Security. This section links to those
resources. Agency descriptions and their services are provided under each subsection below.

18 This section was written by CRS Senior Research Librarian Rachael Roan.
19 This section was written by CRS Senior Research Librarian Tamar Breslauer.
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Pension Counseling and Planning for Retirement
Supported in part by U.S. Administration on Aging, the following organizations help protect and
promote the retirement security of American workers, retirees, and their families and connect
individuals to resources that can help them find answers to their retirement plan questions.
• Pension Counseling and Information Program
https://www.pensionrights.org/find-help/counseling-projects/
This website provides contact information for regional centers offering legal
assistance to individuals experiencing a problem with their pension, profit
sharing, or retirement savings plans. The program currently serves many states
through regional centers. The national center, serving the remaining states, can be
contacted at (202) 296-3776. Pension counseling projects help older adults
answer questions about pension rights, track down benefits from prior employers,
correct miscalculations, obtain forms or publications, and respond to other
pension concerns.
• Pension Help America
https://www.pensionhelp.org/help/counseling
This website facilitates connections with counseling projects, government
agencies, and legal service providers that offer free information and assistance.
Individuals can search by zip code, and then answer several questions to identify
local resources. Pension Help is a service of the Pension Rights Center and is
funded by the U.S. Administration on Aging, The Atlantic Philanthropies, and the
Retirement Research Foundation.
• Preparing for Retirement
https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ebsa/workers-and-families/preparing-for-
retirement
This website, provided by the DOL’s Employee Benefits Security Administration
(EBSA), provides access to publications, tools, and videos that provide guidance
on topics ranging from retirement savings, finding a financial adviser,
understanding retirement plan fees, and debt management. The website also
includes the laws and regulations concerning the fiduciary requirements for
disclosure in participant-directed individual account plans.
Private Retirement Plans
DOL’s Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA) educates and assists workers, retirees,
and their families covered by private retirement plans. EBSA’s goal in providing direct assistance
is to raise the knowledge level of plan participants and beneficiaries, plan sponsors, service
providers, and other interested parties, and to ensure that they have access to available plan
documents filed with the Department of Labor. The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
(PBGC) protects American workers, retirees, and their families in private sector defined benefit
(DB) pension plans.
• Ask EBSA
https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ebsa/about-ebsa/ask-a-question/ask-ebsa
This website provides answers to common retirement questions. Other resources
it provides include fact sheets, frequently asked questions, and EBSA
publications. Requests may be placed online or by phone at (866) 444-3272.
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• EBSA Regional Offices
https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ebsa/about-ebsa/about-us/regional-offices
This website lists each state’s regional office. Regional offices are staffed by
Benefits Advisors who provide guidance on individual rights and responsibilities
and help individuals obtain entitlement benefits. Complaints regarding alleged
violations may also be filed at these offices.
• Workers & Retirees
https://www.pbgc.gov/workers-retirees
This website offers an interactive search for pension plans. It provides
information on managing pension benefits, finding out whether benefits are
covered under PBGC’s insurance programs, and finding benefits from a former
employer. PBGC insures only private sector DB plans. These pension plans
provide a specified monthly benefit at retirement, usually either a percentage of
salary or a flat dollar amount multiplied by years of service.20
• CRS Report R47119, Pensions and Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs): An
Overview21
This report describes employer-sponsored pensions, individual retirement
accounts (IRAs), and state-facilitated retirement savings programs.
Federal Retirement
The U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) provides guidance to federal workers during
employment and retirement. The Federal Thrift Investment Board operates the Thrift Savings
Plan (TSP), a tax-deferred retirement savings and investment plan for federal employees.
• OPM Retirement Center
https://www.opm.gov/retirement-services/
This website provides guidance on multiple topics, such as civil service
retirement plans, phased retirement, and online account management services.
Interactive tools include a benefits calculator, federal tax withholding calculator,
and online services portal. Visitors to the website can access online guides on
topics such as changing a mailing address, searching by claim number, or
receiving tax documents. The website also provides a link to the Services Online
portal, which allows users to manage their accounts online.
• OPM Retirement Quick Guide
https://www.opm.gov/retirement-center/quick-guide/
OPM’s Retirement Quick Guide describes the different steps in the federal
retirement process. The web page also links to a printable guide with an
estimated timetable.
• Thrift Savings Plan Basics
https://www.tsp.gov/tsp-basics/
This website provides an overview of the TSP, including links to access accounts,
online calculators, and popular PDF forms and online guides; to make
contributions; to designate beneficiaries; and to update mailing addresses. A link
to “Planning for life events” includes issues such as setting up a Power of

20 For more information on the PBGC, consult CRS Report 95-118, Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC): A
Primer. CRS reports are publicly available at https://crsreports.congress.gov.
21 CRS reports are publicly available at https://crsreports.congress.gov.
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Attorney or Court Appointments (see https://www.tsp.gov/planning-for-life-
events/power-of-attorney/). Contact TSP through a Virtual Assistant or by calling
or sending email. Contact information is available at https://www.tsp.gov/
contact/.
• CRS Report R47084, Federal Retirement Plans: Frequently Asked Questions22
This report provides responses to common inquiries regarding civil service
retirement pension plans (CSRS and FERS), benefits, and funding and
investment practices.
Social Security
The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers Social Security, which provides monthly
cash benefits to retired or disabled workers, their family members, and the family members of
deceased workers. Benefit amounts vary by individual based on a number of factors, including
earnings history, the age at which he or she claims benefits, and the type of benefit (e.g., a retired-
worker benefit or a spousal benefit). The following links are provided to help individuals identify
their eligibility for benefits, as well as estimate their benefits amount.
• My Social Security
https://www.ssa.gov/myaccount/
This web-based resource allows individuals to create a personal account through
the Social Security Administration to check current or future benefits, apply for
benefits, check application status, set up direct deposit, change address, and use
other online services. The landing page includes a video explaining the benefits
of the online account.
• Retirement Benefits
https://www.ssa.gov/benefits/retirement/
This website describes how to plan for, apply for, and manage Social Security
benefits. It provides online services such as enabling individuals to get
personalized retirement benefit estimates based on earnings history, as well as
guidance on factors to consider that may affect retirement planning.
• Survivors Benefits
https://www.ssa.gov/benefits/survivors/
This website provides basic information about who may receive survivor
benefits, an explanation of how to apply along with documents needed to apply,
and links to related information about topics such as taxes and payments outside
of the United States.
• Social Security Office Locator
https://www.ssa.gov/locator/
This web-based resource facilitates location of a social security office by zip
code. A list of phone numbers for local field offices (current as of 2019) is
available at
https://www.ssa.gov/foia/resources/proactivedisclosure/2019/Direct%20Contact
%20Information%20for%20all%20SSA%20Field%20Offices%20as%20of%201
0-29-2019.pdf. .

22 CRS reports are publicly available at https://crsreports.congress.gov.
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Social Security Fraud and Scams
• Social Security: Fraud Prevention and Reporting
https://www.ssa.gov/fraud/
This website provides guidance to help protect against identity theft, as well as
information from SSA’s Office of Inspector General on whom to contact in case
of suspected fraud, waste, or abuse against Social Security. The Fraud Hotline is
1-800-269-0271, and reports can be made online at https://oig.ssa.gov/.
• Protect Yourself from Social Security Scams
https://oig.ssa.gov/scam-awareness/scam-alert
This website from SSA’s Office of Inspector General provides guidance to
protect against scams, including how to respond (or not to respond) to phone
calls and emails. Visitors can subscribe to receive email updates about new
scams, or they can follow SSA on social media.
Technology Support and Assistive Technology23
The following resources provide assistance on how to obtain and use a variety of technology
tools, including assistive technologies. Assistive technologies may include magnifiers, walkers,
hearing aids, text-to-speech devices, screen enlargement applications, grab bars, adaptive utensils,
and more. The resources below include contact information for direct assistance and links that
provide lists of multiple resources.
• Assistive Technology Act Technical Assistance and Training Center
https://exploreat.net/
The AT3 Center’s “Explore AT” is a clearinghouse of information and resources
on assistive technologies. It includes a directory of state programs and contacts.
Find state locations for information on assistive technologies at
https://at3center.net/state-at-programs/. The centers provide demonstrations on
how to use the technologies, device loans, and financing options on previously
owned devices.
• Commit to Connect: Tech Tools
https://acl.gov/CommitToConnect/tech
This website provides a list of resources to help individuals understand how to
use a variety of technology tools and suggestions on applications for using them.
Free technology support and training for seniors are available through one-on-
one phone calls, at (844) 217-3057, and interactive webinars. See
https://cyberseniors.org/.
• Devices and Aids
https://www.loc.gov/nls/resources/blindness-and-vision-impairment/devices-aids/
This website provides a resource list of accessible technologies, what they are,
sources for obtaining them, and select training resources. Accessible technologies
include mobile reading apps, GPS and wayfinding apps, magnifying devices,
braille displays, note-takers, embossers, currency readers, and digital audiobook
players.

23 This section was written by CRS Senior Research Librarian Rachael Roan.
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Transportation24
The following resources provide information on transportation availability, accessibility, safety,
and assistance for older adults.
• National Aging and Disability Transportation Center
https://www.nadtc.org/about/transportation-aging-disability/unique-issues-
related-to-older-adults-and-transportation/
The National Aging and Disability Transportation Center (866-983-3222) can
help older adults, persons with disabilities, and caregivers connect with local
transportation options and resources. The National Aging and Disability
Transportation Center supports community transportation options, such as dial-a-
ride, which offers curb-to-curb service at an agreed-upon time; volunteer
transportation programs; and assisted transportation (called “door-to-door” or
“door-through-door”) for older adults who need more than a ride.
• National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
https://www.nhtsa.gov/road-safety/older-drivers
This website offers material to help older drivers and caregivers understand how
aging can affect driving and what one can do to continue driving safely as one
ages, such as adapting a vehicle to meet specific needs. It also provides guidance
on adapted vehicles at https://www.nhtsa.gov/road-safety/adapted-vehicles.
• Eldercare Locator
https://eldercare.acl.gov/public/Resources/LearnMoreAbout/Transportation.aspx
This website connects older adults and caregivers with local resources, benefits,
and services, including transportation options, through an information and
referral service and hotline (1-800-677-1116).
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
https://www.cdc.gov/injury/features/older-driver-safety/index.html
This website provides steps to staying safe on the roads, including using CDC’s
MyMobility Plan, a planning tool to help older adults plan for future mobility
changes.
Utility Assistance25
The following resource provides information on federal assistance programs to aid low-income
households in paying utility bills, such as electric, gas, and water.
• Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
https://liheapch.acf.hhs.gov/
This website describes the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
(LIHEAP), which assists low-income households in reducing costs related to
paying energy bills, heating and cooling equipment repairs, home weatherization,
energy crises, and natural disaster recovery. Those seeking assistance with paying
heating and cooling bills can contact the local LIHEAP office at
https://liheapch.acf.hhs.gov/search-tool/.

24 This section was written by CRS Senior Research Librarian Lena Maman.
25 This section was written by CRS Research Librarian Alyse Minter.
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Appendix. Acronyms
Table A-1 lists acronyms of agencies and programs used in this report.
Table A-1. Acronyms of Agencies and Programs
Acronym
Description
ACL
Administration for Community Living
ADEA
Age Discrimination in Employment Act
APS
Adult Protective Services
AT3
Assistive Technology Act Technical Assistance and Training
BT
Beneficiary Travel
CACFP
Child and Adult Care Food Program
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CMS
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
CFPB
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
CSFB
Commodity Supplemental Food Program
DOJ
Department of Justice
DOL
Department of Labor
FCC
Federal Communications Commission
FHA
Federal Housing Administration
FHEO
HUD Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity
FITV
Federal Interagency Team on Volunteerism
FDIC
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FHA
Federal Housing Administration
FHEO
Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity
FITV
Federal Interagency Team on Volunteerism
FTA
Federal Transit Administration
FTC
Federal Trade Commission
HCV
Housing Choice Voucher
HECM
Home Equity Conversation Mortgage
HHS
Department of Health and Human Services
HUD
Department of Housing and Urban Development
IRS
Internal Revenue Service
LIHEAP
Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
LIHWAP
Low Income Household Water Assistance Program
LOC
Library of Congress
LSC
Legal Services Corporation
NADTC
National Aging and Disability Transportation Center
NCUA
National Credit Union Administration
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Acronym
Description
NHTSA
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
NIH
National Institutes of Health
NLM
National Library of Medicine
NLS
National Library Service for the Blind and Print Disabled
OAA
Older Americans Act
P&A
Protection & Advocacy
PBGC
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
PHA
Public Housing Agency
SAMHSA
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
SCSEP
Senior Community Service Employment Program
SEC
Securities and Exchange Commission
SFMNP
Senior Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program
SNAP
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
SSA
Social Security Administration
SSI
Supplemental Security Income
SSDI
Social Security Disability Insurance
TCE
Tax Counseling for the Elderly
USDA
U.S. Department of Agriculture
VA
Department of Veterans Affairs
Source: Compiled by the Congressional Research Service.

Author Information

Tamar B. Breslauer, Coordinator
Angela Napili
Senior Research Librarian
Senior Research Librarian

Lena A. Maman
Rachael D. Roan
Senior Research Librarian
Senior Research Librarian

Alyse N. Minter
Jennifer Teefy
Research Librarian
Senior Research Librarian

Maura Mullins

Senior Research Librarian

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Acknowledgments
Former CRS Senior Research Librarian Abigail Overbay and former CRS Law Librarian Melissa Scheeren
contributed to early versions of this report.

Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan
shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and
under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other
than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in
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Congressional Research Service
R47605 · VERSION 12 · UPDATED
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