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INSIGHTi
FY2024 Defense Appropriations: Summary of
Proposed Funding
September 6, 2023
The Department of Defense (DOD) Appropriations Act is one of 12 annual appropriations bills under the
jurisdiction of the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations, and the largest in terms of
discretionary funding. Typically part of a two-step defense authorization and appropriation process, the
bill primarily funds DOD activities except for military construction and family housing programs. It also
funds certain activities of the intelligence community.
Of the $886.3 billion in defense (function 050) discretionary funding in the fiscal year (FY) 2024
President’s budget submission to Congress, $826.2 billion was requested for programs and activities
under the purview of the FY2024 DOD appropriations bill. Nearly all funding in the bill is subject to the
defense discretionary spending cap Congress established in the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (FRA;
P.L. 118-5), unless exempted (e.g., designated as being for emergency requirements).
The House Appropriations Committee (HAC)-reported version of the bill (H.R. 4365; H.Rept. 118-121)
would provide $0.3 billion (0.04%) more funding than requested, with no funds emergency-designated.
The Senate Appropriations Committee (SAC)-reported version (S. 2587; S.Rept. 118-81) would provide
$5.1 billion (0.6%) more funding than requested, including emergency-designated funding for DOD
unfunded priorities (i.e., military programs, activities, or mission requirements that were not included in
the President’s annual budget request, but that the department would fund with additional appropriations
if provided), among other items and activities. See Table 1.
H.R. 4365
On June 15, 2023, the HAC adopted draft FY2024 subcommittee allocations, including for the
Subcommittee on Defense (HAC-D). According to the committee, the total defense funding across the
subcommittees was equal to the amount allowed under the FRA defense cap. (According to CBO, defense
funding in reported versions of the FY2024 appropriations bills was less than the cap, as of July 27,
because the committee had not reported the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
Appropriations Act, 2024, which provides funding for FBI counterintelligence activities.) H.R. 4365
would provide $816.38 billion—$0.3 billion (0.04%) more than requested. In terms of major
appropriation titles, the bill would provide more funding than requested for the Defense Health Program
and other DOD programs (+3.0%); research, development, test, and evaluation (+1.4%); and operation
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and maintenance (+1.0%). The bill would provide less funding than requested for certain intelligence-
related activities (-3.5%); procurement (-2.4%); military personnel (-0.6%); and revolving and
management funds (-0.5%).
S. 2587
On June 22, 2023, the SAC reported its FY2024 subcommittee allocations (S.Rept. 118-45), including for
the Subcommittee on Defense (SAC-D). (These allocations were subsequently revised, most recently on
July 26; S.Rept. 118-78). According to CBO, the total defense funding across the subcommittees was
equal to the amount allowed under the FRA defense cap. S. 2587 would provide a total of $821.2
billion—$5.1 billion (0.6%) more than requested. The bill would provide a total of $8 billion in
emergency-designated funding for unfunded priorities of the armed forces and combatant commands,
operational readiness, revised economic assumptions due to inflation, support of the armed forces of
Taiwan, defense industrial base capacity and workforce enhancement, and revised economic assumptions
for fuel. In terms of major appropriation titles, the bill would provide more funding than requested for
revolving and management funds (+6.7%), the Defense Health Program and other DOD programs
(+1.9%), and procurement (+0.2%). The bill would provide less funding than requested for certain
intelligence-related activities (-4.2%); military personnel (-1.4%); research, development, test, and
evaluation (-1.0%); and operation and maintenance (-0.1%).
Table 1. Summary of Appropriations in Proposed Versions of the Department of Defense
Appropriations Act, 2024 (H.R. 4365 and S. 2587)
(in billions of dollars of discretionary budget authority)
Title
President’s
HAC-
SAC-Reported
Enacted
% Change
budget
Reported
(S. 2587)
(enacted-
requesta
(H.R. 4365)
request)
Military Personnel
$168.32
$167.37
$165.98
Operation and Maintenance
$290.07a
$293.06
$289.92
Procurement
$169.06
$165.06
$169.45
Research, Development, Test,
$144.88
$146.84
$143.38
and Evaluation
Revolving and Management Funds
$1.68
$1.67
$1.80
Defense Health Program and
$40.92
$42.13
$41.70
Other DOD Programs
Related Agencies
$1.16
$1.12
$1.12
Intelligence Community
$0.65
$0.61
$0.60
Management Account
CIA Retirement Fund and
$0.51
$0.51
$0.51
Disability System Fund
(mandatory)
General Provisions
$0.00
-$0.88
$7.86
Emergency funding
$0.00
$0.00
$8.00b
Net rescissions and other
$0.00
-0.88
-$0.14
funding
Total, Funding in the Bill
$816.09
$816.38
$821.20
Military Personnel (TRICARE
$10.55a
$10.55
$10.56
accrual payments)c
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Title
President’s
HAC-
SAC-Reported
Enacted
% Change
budget
Reported
(S. 2587)
(enacted-
requesta
(H.R. 4365)
request)
Scorekeeping adjustments
$0.03
$0.03
$0.03
Total, Discretionary Funding
$826.16
$826.45d
$831.27e
Associated with the Bill
Total, Funding Associated with
$826.68
$826.96d
$831.78e
the Billf
Source: Comparative Statements of New Budget (Obligational) Authority for FY2023 and Budget Requests and Amounts
Recommended in the Bil for FY2024 in H.Rept. 118-121 accompanying H.R. 4365, pp. 311-325; and S.Rept. 118-81
accompanying S. 2587, pp. 284-287.
Note: Totals may not sum due to rounding. Dol ars rounded to nearest hundredth. The “Enacted” and “% Change”
columns are blank because final version of the bil has not been enacted.
a. Amounts in this column reflect those in H.Rept. 118-121, which included slightly lower requested amounts for
Operation and Maintenance and TRICARE accrual payments than S.Rept. 118-81.
b. S. 2587 included general provisions that would provide a total of $8 bil ion in emergency funding, which is effectively
exempt from budget enforcement under the subcommittee allocations or the statutory discretionary caps.
c. The funding tables in H.Rept. 118-121 and S.Rept. 118-81 include, both in the amount requested for Military
Personnel by the Administration and in the amount recommended by the committees, approximately $10.6 bil ion
appropriated as an accrual payment to the TRICARE for Life fund, which provides medical insurance for military
retirees. Since this payment is made automatically under a provision of permanent law (10 U.S.C. §§1111-1117), these
funds are not provided by annual defense appropriations acts even though they are treated as discretionary funding
for purposes of the congressional budget process.
d. For these FY2024 totals, see the breakdowns at H.Rept. 118-121, p. 303.
e. For these FY2024 totals, see the breakdowns at S.Rept. 118-81, p. 283.
f.
These amounts include the $0.51 bil ion in appropriated mandatory funding for the Central Intelligence Agency
Retirement Fund and Disability System Fund.
Author Information
Cameron M. Keys
Brendan W. McGarry
Analyst in Defense Logistics and Resource Management
Specialist in U.S. Defense Budget
Policy
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