Labor, Health and Human Services, and
February 4, 2022
Education: FY2022 Appropriations
Jessica Tollestrup,
This report offers an overview of actions taken by Congress and the President to provide
Coordinator
FY2022 appropriations for accounts funded by the Departments of Labor, Health and
Specialist in Social Policy
Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies (LHHS) appropriations bill. This

bill includes all accounts funded through the annual appropriations process at the
Karen E. Lynch,
Department of Labor (DOL) and Department of Education (ED). It also provides annual
Coordinator
appropriations for most agencies within the Department of Health and Human Services
Specialist in Social Policy
(HHS), with certain exceptions (e.g., the Food and Drug Administration is funded via

the Agriculture bill). The LHHS bill also provides funds for more than a dozen related
agencies, including the Social Security Administration (SSA).

This report primarily focuses on regular FY2022 LHHS discretionary funding enacted during the annual
appropriations process. Note that the totals in the report tables do not include emergency-designated
appropriations. Those amounts are displayed separately and are in addition to regular appropriations.
FY2022 Continuing Resolutions: FY2022 LHHS appropriations are currently being provided by a series of
continuing resolutions (CRs). The first CR was signed into law on September 30, 2021 (Division A of H.R. 5305;
P.L. 117-43), providing continuing appropriations for all 12 annual appropriations acts (including LHHS) through
December 3, 2021. In general, the CR funded discretionary programs at the same rate and under the same
conditions as in FY2021 (§101) and annually appropriated entitlements at their current law levels (§111). It also
included several anomalies that are specific to LHHS accounts or related activities (§§138-149). A second CR was
subsequently enacted on December 3, 2021, extending the provisions of the first CR with some additional
anomalies (for LHHS, see §162) through February 18, 2022 (Division A of H.R. 6119; P.L. 117-70).
Regular Appropriations
FY2022 LHHS Senate Action: The FY2022 LHHS bill has not received subcommittee, full committee, or initial
floor action in the Senate. Senator Leahy, Chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, released a majority draft
of the LHHS bill and accompanying draft report language on October 18, 2021. According to the chair, the
purpose of this release was to further negotiations toward enacting all 12 annual appropriations bills prior to when
the CR was to expire on December 3. These draft numbers are not presented in this report.
In addition, on October 25, Senator Murray, Chair of the Senate Appropriations LHHS Subcommittee, introduced
an FY2022 LHHS bill (S. 3062). This bill was referred to the Senate Appropriations Committee. Because S. 3062
has not received any congressional action, this report does not discuss this measure.
FY2022 LHHS House Action: On July 15, 2021, the House Appropriations Committee voted to report the
FY2022 LHHS appropriations bill, 33-25; the measure was subsequently reported to the House on July 19 (H.R.
4502; H.Rept. 117-96). The measure was approved in subcommittee, via voice vote, on July 12, 2021.
As reported by the full committee, the bill would provide $254.4 billion in discretionary LHHS funds, a 28.1%
increase from FY2021 enacted levels. This amount is 0.2% more than the FY2022 President’s request. In
addition, the House committee bill would provide an estimated $1.102 trillion in mandatory funding, for a
combined total of $1.356 trillion for LHHS as a whole. The distribution of discretionary funding was as follows:
 DOL: $14.7 billion, 17.4% more than FY2021.
 HHS: $119.8 billion, 23.6% more than FY2021.
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 ED: $102.8 billion, 39.8% more than FY2021.
 Related Agencies: $17.0 billion, 9.8% more than FY2021.
The House version of LHHS appropriations was initially considered on the floor as part of a consolidated
appropriations package and passed the House (219-208), as amended, on July 31, 2020 (Division A of H.R. 4502).
Of the amendments offered, 47 were adopted and 9 were rejected. Because there is no publicly available source
that estimates the account- or subaccount-level budgetary effects of the amendments adopted to Division A, this
report provides analysis of the House Committee-reported version of the LHHS bill. For information on the LHHS
amendments offered during floor consideration, see Appendix B.
FY2022 President’s Budget Request: The full FY2022 President’s budget request was submitted to Congress on
May 28, 2021. (The President had previously submitted to Congress an outline of his discretionary funding
priorities for FY2022 on April 9, 2021.)
The President requested $254.0 billion in discretionary funding for accounts funded by the LHHS bill, which is an
increase of 27.9% from FY2021 levels. In addition, the President requested $1.102 trillion in annually
appropriated mandatory funding, for a total of $1.355 trillion for LHHS as a whole. The distribution of
discretionary funding was as follows:
 DOL: $14.3 billion, 14.2% more than FY2021.
 HHS: $120.0 billion, 23.7% more than FY2021.
 ED: $102.8 billion, 39.8% more than FY2021.
 Related Agencies: $16.9 billion, 9.0% more than FY2021.
Supplemental Appropriations
Although full-year regular annual appropriations have yet to be enacted, three bills have been signed into law
providing FY2022 emergency-designated appropriations for accounts typically funded in the LHHS bill.
 Divisions A and C of the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance
Act (H.R. 5305; P.L. 117-43, September 30, 2021) provided $4.2 billion, as follows:
 Division A, which contained the first CR for FY2022, provided $2.5 billion in emergency-
designed spending (§141) for the HHS Administration for Children and Families (ACF) for
shelter and support services for unaccompanied minors referred to HHS, including funding to
expand the capacity of state-licensed shelters.
 Division C, which contained the Afghanistan Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022,
provided $1.7 billion to ACF for resettlement assistance for Afghan arrivals and refugees, and
$21.5 million to the HHS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for medical
support, screening, and related public health activities for Afghan arrivals and refugees.
 Division J of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (H.R. 3684; P.L. 117-58, November 15,
2021) provided $100 million in FY2022 for the HHS Low Income Home Energy Assistance
Program, and rescinded $353 million in previously enacted emergency funding from the
Education Stabilization Fund.
 Division B of the Further Extending Government Funding Act (H.R. 6119; P.L. 117-70,
December 3, 2021) contained the Additional Afghanistan Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022,
which provided $8 million to the CDC for medical support, screening, and related public health
activities for Afghan arrivals and refugees, and $1.3 billion to ACF for resettlement assistance for
Afghan arrivals and refugees.

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Contacts
Author Information ........................................................................................................................ 62

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Introduction
This report provides an overview of FY2022
Scope of the Report:
appropriations actions for accounts traditionally funded
Emergency and Mandatory
in the appropriations bill for the Departments of Labor,
Funding Related to COVID-19
Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related
This report primarily focuses on regular
Agencies (LHHS). This bill provides discretionary and
FY2022 LHHS discretionary funding
mandatory appropriations to three federal departments:
enacted during the annual appropriations
the Department of Labor (DOL), the Department of
process. The emergency discretionary
funding that was enacted for FY2021 or
Health and Human Services (HHS), and the Department
FY2022 is generally not included in the
of Education (ED). In addition, the bill provides annual
budgetary figures discussed or table totals
appropriations for more than a dozen related agencies,
presented in the main body of the report.
including the Social Security Administration (SSA).
(Such spending is presented below the
table totals and is in addition to regular
Discretionary funds represent less than one-fifth of the
appropriations.) In addition, during
total funds appropriated in the annual LHHS bill.
FY2021, mandatory appropriations were
Nevertheless, the LHHS bill is typically the largest single
enacted for certain LHHS-related
accounts for COVID-19 pandemic
source of discretionary funds for domestic nondefense
response, including in the American
federal programs among the various appropriations bills.
Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (P.L. 117-2).
(The Department of Defense bill is the largest source of
These mandatory funds are also not
discretionary funds among all federal programs.)
included in this report.
Because the appropriations process both provides and
controls discretionary funding (concepts discussed further in “Mandatory vs. Discretionary
Budget Authority”), the bulk of this report is focused on these funds.
The LHHS bill typically is one of the more controversial of the regular appropriations bills
because of the size of its funding and the scope of its programs, as well as various related social
policy issues addressed in the bill, such as restrictions on the use of federal funds for abortion and
for research on human embryos, stem cells, and gun violence.
Congressional clients may consult the LHHS experts list in CRS Report R42638, Appropriations:
CRS Experts, for information on which analysts to contact at the Congressional Research Service
(CRS) with questions on specific agencies and programs funded in the LHHS bill.
Report Roadmap and Useful Terminology
This report is divided into several sections. The opening section provides an explanation of the
scope of the LHHS bill (and hence, the scope of this report) and an introduction to important
terminology and concepts that carry throughout the report. Next is a series of sections describing
major congressional actions on FY2022 appropriations and (for context) a review of the
conclusion of the FY2021 appropriations process. This is followed by a high-level summary and
analysis of proposed appropriations for FY2022, compared to FY2021 funding levels. The body
of the report concludes with overview sections for each of the major titles of the bill: DOL, HHS,
ED, and Related Agencies (RA). These sections provide selected highlights from FY2022
proposed funding levels compared to FY2021. (Note that the distribution of funds is sometimes
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illustrated by figures, which in all cases are based on the FY2022 House committee-reported
version of the LHHS bill.1)
Appendix A provides a summary of budget enforcement activities for FY2022. This includes
information on mandatory spending sequestration pursuant to the Budget Control Act of 2011
(BCA; P.L. 112-25), discretionary spending budget enforcement pursuant to the FY2022 budget
resolution, the House LHHS subcommittee spending allocation, and current-year spending levels.
This is followed by Appendix B, which provides an overview of the LHHS floor amendments
that were offered in the House during its consideration of H.R. 4502.
Scope of the Report
This report focuses on appropriations to agencies and accounts that are subject to the jurisdiction
of the Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies subcommittees of the
House and Senate appropriations committees (i.e., accounts traditionally funded via the LHHS
bill). Department “totals” provided in this report do not include funding for accounts or agencies
that are traditionally funded by appropriations bills under the jurisdiction of other subcommittees.
The LHHS bill provides appropriations for the following federal departments and agencies:
 the Department of Labor;
 most agencies at the Department of Health and Human Services, except for the
Food and Drug Administration (funded through the Agriculture appropriations
bill), the Indian Health Service (funded through the Interior-Environment
appropriations bill), and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(also funded through the Interior-Environment appropriations bill);
 the Department of Education; and
 more than a dozen related agencies, including the Social Security Administration,
the Corporation for National and Community Service, the Corporation for Public
Broadcasting, the Institute of Museum and Library Services, the National Labor
Relations Board, and the Railroad Retirement Board.
Note also that funding totals displayed in this report do not reflect amounts provided outside of
the annual appropriations process. Certain direct spending programs, such as Social Security and
parts of Medicare, receive funding directly from their authorizing statutes; such funds are not
reflected in the totals provided in this report because they are not provided through the annual
appropriations process (see related discussion in the “Important Budget Concepts” section).
Important Budget Concepts
Mandatory vs. Discretionary Budget Authority2
The LHHS bill includes both discretionary and mandatory budget authority. While all
discretionary spending is subject to the annual appropriations process, only a portion of
mandatory budget authority is provided in appropriations measures.

1 The dollars and percentages in each figure also are generally illustrative, except as noted, of the parallel distribution
of funds enacted in FY2021 and proposed by the FY2022 President’s budget.
2 For definitions of these and other budget terms, see U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO), A Glossary of
Terms Used in the Federal Budget Process, GAO-05-734SP, September 1, 2005, http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-
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Mandatory programs funded through the annual appropriations process are commonly referred to
as appropriated entitlements. In general, appropriators have little control over the amounts
provided for appropriated entitlements; rather, the authorizing statute controls the program
parameters (e.g., eligibility rules, benefit levels) that entitle certain recipients to payments. If
Congress does not appropriate the money necessary to meet these commitments, entitled
recipients (e.g., individuals, states, or other entities) may have legal recourse.3
Most mandatory spending is not provided through the annual appropriations process, but rather
through budget authority provided by the program’s authorizing statute (e.g., Social Security
benefits payments). The funding amounts in this report do not include budget authority provided
outside of the appropriations process. Instead, the amounts reflect only those funds, discretionary
and mandatory, that are provided through appropriations acts.
As displayed in this report, mandatory amounts for the FY2022 President’s budget submission
reflect current-law (or current services) estimates; they generally do not include the President’s
proposed changes to a mandatory spending program’s authorizing statute that might affect total
spending. (In general, such proposals are excluded from this report, as they typically would be
enacted in authorizing legislation.)
The report focuses most closely on discretionary funding because discretionary funding receives
the bulk of attention during the appropriations process. (While the LHHS bill includes more
mandatory funding than discretionary funding, the appropriators generally have less flexibility in
adjusting mandatory funding levels than discretionary funding levels.)
Mandatory and discretionary spending is subject to budget enforcement processes that include
sequestration. In general, sequestration involves largely across-the-board reductions that are made
to certain categories of discretionary or mandatory spending. However, the conditions that trigger
sequestration, and how it is carried out, differ for each type of spending. This is discussed further
in Appendix A.
Total Budget Authority Provided in the Bill vs. Total Budget Authority
Available in the Fiscal Year
Budget authority is the amount of money a federal agency is legally authorized to commit or
spend. Appropriations bills may include budget authority that becomes available in the current
fiscal year, in future fiscal years, or some combination. Amounts that become available in future
fiscal years are typically referred to as advance appropriations.
Unless otherwise specified, appropriations levels displayed in this report refer to the total amount
of budget authority provided in an appropriations bill (i.e., “total in the bill”), regardless of the
year in which the funding becomes available.4 In some cases, the report breaks out current-year

05-734SP. (Terms of interest may include appropriated entitlement, direct spending, discretionary, entitlement
authority, and mandatory.)
3 Sometimes appropriations measures include amendments to laws authorizing mandatory spending programs and
thereby change the amount of mandatory appropriations needed. Because such amendments are legislative in nature,
they may violate parliamentary rules separating authorizations and appropriations. For more information, see CRS
Report R42388, The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction.
4 Such figures include advance appropriations provided in the bill for future fiscal years, but do not include advance
appropriations provided in prior years’ appropriations bills that become available in the current year.
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appropriations (i.e., the amount of budget authority available for obligation in a given fiscal year,
regardless of the year in which it was first appropriated).5
As the annual appropriations process unfolds, the amount of current-year budget authority is
measured against 302(b) allocation ceilings (budget enforcement caps for appropriations
subcommittees that traditionally emerge following the budget resolution process, see Appendix
A). The process of measuring appropriations against these spending ceilings takes into account
scorekeeping adjustments, which are made by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to reflect
conventions and special instructions of Congress.6 Unless otherwise specified, appropriations
levels displayed in this report do not reflect additional scorekeeping adjustments. (Those
scorekeeping adjustments are displayed at the bottom of Table 2.)
Status of FY2022 LHHS Appropriations
FY2022 Continuing Appropriations
FY2022 LHHS regular appropriations are currently being provided by a series of continuing
resolutions (CRs). The first CR was signed into law on September 30, 2021 (Division A of H.R.
5305; P.L. 117-43). The measure had previously been introduced by the House Appropriations
Committee chair, Representative DeLauro, on September 21, and was passed by the House that
same day, 220-211. On September 30, the Senate took up and passed the measure with an
amendment, 65-35,7 which was subsequently agreed to by the House, 254-175.
The first CR provided continuing appropriations for all 12 annual appropriations acts (including
LHHS) through December 3, 2021. In general, the CR funded discretionary programs at the same
rate and under the same conditions as in FY2021 (§101) and annually appropriated entitlements at
their current law levels (§111).8 It also included several anomalies that are specific to LHHS
accounts or related activities (§§138-149).9
A second CR was enacted on December 3, 2021, extending the provisions of the first CR with
some additional anomalies (for LHHS, see §162) through February 18, 2022 (Division A of H.R.
6119; P.L. 117-70). The measure had previously been introduced by Representative DeLauro on
December 2, and passed by the House (221-212) and Senate (69-28) that same day.

5 Such figures exclude advance appropriations for future years, but include advance appropriations from prior years that
become available in the given fiscal year.
6 For more information on scorekeeping, see CRS Report 98-560, Baselines and Scorekeeping in the Federal Budget
Process. See also a discussion of key scorekeeping guidelines included in the joint explanatory statement
accompanying the conference report to the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (H.Rept. 105-217, pp. 1007-1014).
7 No substantive changes were made by the Senate amendment to the CR provisions in Division A of H.R. 5305.
8 For an estimate of the discretionary appropriations contained in Division A of H.R. 5305, see Table 1-H and Table 1-
S in CBO Estimate for H.R. 5305, the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act as
Passed by the House of Representatives on September 21, 2021, https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2021-09/57491-
CBO-Estimate-for-HR5305.pdf.
9 The LHHS anomalies are discussed in CRS Report R46953, Overview of Continuing Appropriations for FY2022 (P.L.
117-43).
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FY2022 Emergency-Designated Appropriations
Although full-year regular annual appropriations have yet to be enacted, three bills have been
signed into law providing FY2022 emergency-designated appropriations for accounts typically
funded in the LHHS bill.
 Divisions A and C of the Extending Government Funding and Delivering
Emergency Assistance Act (H.R. 5305; P.L. 117-43, September 30, 2021),
provided $4.2 billion, as follows:10
 Division A, which contained the first CR for FY2022, provided $2.5 billion
in emergency-designed spending (§141) for the HHS Administration for
Children and Families (ACF) for shelter and support services for
unaccompanied minors referred to HHS, including funding to expand the
capacity of state-licensed shelters.
 Division C, which contained the Afghanistan Supplemental Appropriations
Act, 2022, provided $1.7 billion to ACF for resettlement assistance for
Afghan arrivals and refugees, and $21.5 million to the HHS Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for medical support, screening, and
related public health activities for Afghan arrivals and refugees.
 Division J of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (H.R. 3684; P.L. 117-58,
November 15, 2021) provided $100 million in FY2022 for the HHS Low Income
Home Energy Assistance Program,11 and rescinded $353 million in previously
enacted emergency funding from the Education Stabilization Fund.
 Division B of the Further Extending Government Funding Act (H.R. 6119; P.L.
117-70, December 3, 2021) contained the Additional Afghanistan Supplemental
Appropriations Act, 2022, which provided $8 million to the CDC for medical
support, screening, and related public health activities for Afghan arrivals and
refugees, and $1.3 billion to ACF for resettlement assistance for Afghan arrivals
and refugees.12
FY2022 Annual LHHS Appropriations
Table 1 provides a timeline of major legislative actions for full-year LHHS proposals, which are
discussed in greater detail below.

10 See the summary of these provisions from House Appropriations Committee majority staff, H.R. 5305, Extending
Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act: Section-by-Section Summary,
https://appropriations.house.gov/sites/democrats.appropriations.house.gov/files/documents/Summary_0.pdf.
11 Division J of P.L. 117-58 further provided to the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program advance
appropriations of $100 million for each of FY2023 through FY2026, for a total of $500 million for the program with all
fiscal years taken into account.
12 See the summary of these provisions from the House Appropriations Committee majority staff, H.R. 6119, Further
Extending Government Funding Act Section-by-Section Summary, https://appropriations.house.gov/sites/
democrats.appropriations.house.gov/files/
Further%20Extending%20Government%20Funding%20Act%20Summary.pdf.
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Table 1. Status of Full-Year LHHS Appropriations Legislation, FY2022
Subcommittee
Full Committee
Resolution of House and
Approval
Approval

Senate Differences

House
Senate
House
Senate
Initial
Initial
Conf.
Final
Final
Public
House
Senate
House
Senate Passage
Passage
Report
Passage
Passage
Law

7/12/21
H.R. 4502
H.R. 4502,

voice
H.Rept.
Division A
vote
117-96
7/29/21
7/15/21
219-208
33-25
Source: CRS Appropriations Status Table.
Congressional Action on an LHHS Bill
FY2022 LHHS Action in the Senate
The FY2022 LHHS bill has not received subcommittee, full committee, or initial floor action in
the Senate. Senator Leahy, Chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, released a majority
draft of the LHHS bill and accompanying draft report language on October 18, 2021. According
to the chair, the purpose of this release was to further negotiations toward enacting all 12 annual
appropriations bills prior to when the CR was to expire on December 3.13 These draft numbers
are not presented in this report.
In addition, on October 25, Senator Murray, Chair of the Senate Appropriations LHHS
Subcommittee, introduced an FY2022 LHHS bill (S. 3062). This bill was referred to the Senate
Appropriations Committee.14 Because S. 3062 has not received any congressional action, this
report does not discuss this measure.
FY2022 LHHS Action in the House (Division A, H.R. 2740)
The House LHHS subcommittee approved the draft LHHS bill on July 12, 2021, by a voice vote.
On July 15, 2021, the House Appropriations Committee voted (33-25) to report the LHHS bill;
the measure was subsequently reported to the House on July 19 (H.R. 4502; H.Rept. 117-96).
See Figure 1 for a breakdown of FY2022 discretionary and mandatory LHHS appropriations
proposed in the House committee bill.15 As reported by the full committee, the bill would provide
$254.4 billion in discretionary LHHS funds, a 28.1% increase from FY2021 enacted levels. This
amount would be 0.2% more than the FY2022 President’s request. In addition, the House

13 The text of the Senate majority draft LHHS bill and accompanying committee report is linked to the press release,
“Chairman Leahy Releases Remaining Nine Senate Appropriations Bills,” October 18, 2021,
https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/news/majority/chairman-leahy-releases-remaining-nine-senate-appropriations-
bills. See also “Shelby: Democrats’ Partisan Bills Threaten FY22 Appropriations Process,” October 18, 2021,
https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/news/shelby-democrats-partisan-bills-threaten-fy22-appropriations-process.
14 The text of S. 3062 as introduced was generally the same as the draft LHHS bill released by the chair of the Senate
Appropriations Committee on October 18, discussed above.
15 While the percentages in this figure were calculated based on amounts in the FY2022 House committee bill, they are
generally also illustrative—within a few percentage points—of the share of mandatory and discretionary funds in
FY2021 and under the FY2022 President’s budget.
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committee bill would provide an estimated $1.102 trillion in mandatory funding, for a combined
total of $1.356 trillion for LHHS as a whole. (Note that these totals are based only on amounts of
non-emergency appropriations that would have been provided by the House committee bill and
do not include emergency-designated funds, which are in addition to the regular annual
appropriations.)
Later in July, LHHS appropriations were initially considered on the House floor as part of a
consolidated appropriations package and passed the House (219-208), as amended, on July 29,
2021 (Division A of H.R. 4502). This package would provide appropriations for six other
appropriations acts in addition to LHHS.16 Floor action was regulated by the terms of a special
rule (H.Res. 555). A total of 56 amendments to the LHHS title of the bill were made in order for
consideration on the floor.17 This rule also provided the authority for the chair of the
Appropriations Committee or her designee to offer any of the amendments made in order en bloc
(i.e., in groups of amendments to be disposed of together).18 All but two LHHS amendments were
considered in this manner.19 When counted as 56 separate amendments, 47 were adopted and 9
were rejected.
Because there is no publicly available source that estimates the account- or subaccount-level
budgetary effects of the amendments adopted to Division A, this report provides analysis of the
House Committee-reported version of the LHHS bill. For information on the LHHS amendments
offered during floor consideration, see Appendix B.
Figure 1. FY2022 House Committee-Reported LHHS Appropriations

Source: Amounts in this figure are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the
committee report (H.Rept. 117-96) accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported).

16 Those appropriations acts were Agriculture and Rural Development, Energy and Water Development, Financial
Services and General Government, Interior and Environment, Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and
Transportation and Housing and Urban Development.
17 For a list of these LHHS amendments (numbered 1-56) and the text of each that was made in order, see pages 8-13
and 30-38 of H.Rept. 117-109.
18 For further information about en bloc authority in the context of House floor consideration of appropriations
measures, see CRS Report R46841, Changes in the House of Representatives’ Initial Consideration of Regular
Appropriations Measures, 113th-116th Congresses.
19 For the en bloc amendments proposing changes to the LHHS division of the bill, see consideration of amendments en
bloc nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 in Congressional Record, daily edition, Vol. 167, No. 131 (July 27, 2021), pp. H4055-H4073.
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FY2022 House committee totals (“Total BA in the Bil ”) do not include emergency-designated LHHS
appropriations. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this figure generally do not reflect mandatory
spending sequestration. CRS calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the
21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255), as amended.
Notes: Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this figure (1) reflect all budget authority
appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided for agencies
and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate appropriations
committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
FY2022 President’s Budget Request
The President’s budget request for the upcoming fiscal year is due to be submitted to Congress by
the first Monday in February. However, the FY2022 budget was submitted during a year in which
a presidential transition occurred (on January 20, 2021). Recent Presidents have not submitted
detailed budget proposals until April or May of their first year in office, although each has
advised Congress regarding the general contours of their economic and budgetary policies in
special messages submitted to Congress prior to that submission.20 This delay allows time to
prepare a proposal that reflects the priorities of the new Administration.
On April 9, President Biden submitted to Congress an outline of his discretionary funding
priorities for FY2022.21 This preliminary document provided early highlights for numerous policy
areas, including several funded in the LHHS bill. The full budget request was submitted on May
28, almost four months after its due date.22
The President requested $254.0 billion in discretionary funding for accounts funded by the LHHS
bill, which is an increase of 27.9% from FY2021 levels. In addition, the President requested
$1.102 trillion in annually appropriated mandatory funding, for a total of $1.355 trillion for
LHHS as a whole.
FY2021 LHHS Omnibus (Division H, Consolidated Appropriations
Act, 2021, H.R. 133; P.L. 116-260)
On December 27, 2020, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 was signed into law by the
President (H.R. 133, P.L. 116-260). P.L. 116-260 provided full-year appropriations for all 12
annual appropriations acts in Divisions A-L, and supplemental appropriations for COVID-19
pandemic relief in Division M.23 (Full-year LHHS appropriations were enacted in Division H,
referred to as “the FY2021 LHHS omnibus.”) Prior to its enactment, the final version of the
measure was approved by the House on December 21. (The vote to approve the portion that

20 See CRS Insight IN11655, Budget Submission After a Presidential Transition: Contextualizing the Biden
Administration’s FY2022 Request.
21 Office of Management and Budget (OMB), The President’s FY2022 Discretionary Request, April 9, 2021,
https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fy-2022-discretionary-request/.
22 See https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/.
23 P.L. 116-260 also contained additional COVID-19 pandemic response provisions in Division N, but this division is
considered authorizing legislation, rather than appropriations legislation, and is thus beyond the scope of this report.
For further discussion, see the Congressional Budget Office cost estimate for Division N, released on January 14, 2021,
at https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2021-01/PL_116-260_div_N.pdf. In addition, Divisions O-FF of P.L. 116-260
contained miscellaneous authorizing provisions that are also beyond the scope of this report.
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contained LHHS appropriations was 359-53.24) It was approved by the Senate (92-6) later that
same day.
LHHS discretionary appropriations in the FY2021 LHHS omnibus totaled $198.5 billion. This
amount was 1.6% more than FY2020 enacted and 11.0% more than the FY2021 President’s
budget request. The omnibus also provided $980.0 billion in mandatory funding, for a combined
LHHS total of $1.178 trillion. (Note that these totals are based only on amounts of non-
emergency appropriations provided by the FY2021 LHHS omnibus and do not include
emergency-designated or supplemental funds, which were provided in addition to the annual
appropriations. Division H also enacted $1.6 billion in emergency-designated budget authority, of
which $925 million was for DOL in Title I, and $638 million was for HHS in Title II, which is not
reflected in the above figures, consistent with the conventions for displaying emergency-
designated budget authority in this report.)

24 The special rule, H.Res. 1271, provided for the consideration of an amendment consisting of the final text for
enactment (as contained in House Rules Committee Print 116-68) to the Senate amendment to H.R. 133. H.Res. 1271
also provided for the House to adopt the amendment in two votes: the first on Divisions B, C, E, and F, and the second
on the remaining divisions. The House adopted Divisions B, C, E, and F by a vote of 327-85, and adopted the
remaining divisions by a vote of 359-53. The subsequent motion that the House agree to the Senate amendment with an
amendment was agreed to without objection.
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Summary of FY2022 LHHS Appropriations
Dollars and Percentages in this Report
Amounts displayed in this report are typically rounded to the nearest mil ion or bil ion (as labeled). Dol ar and
percentage changes discussed in the text are based on unrounded amounts.
Unless otherwise specified, appropriations levels displayed in this report refer to the total amount of budget
authority provided in an appropriations bil (i.e., “total in the bil ”), regardless of the year in which the funding
becomes available.
Throughout this report, the FY2022 House Appropriations Committee-reported LHHS bil is commonly referred
to as the House “committee bil .” (This report does not contain estimates of the House-passed version of Division
A of H.R. 4502, as there is no publicly available source that estimates the account- and subaccount-level budgetary
effects of the adopted amendments. However, information on the LHHS amendments offered during floor
consideration can be found in Appendix B.)
Amounts for FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Committee are generally drawn from or
calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96) accompanying the FY2022 House
committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported), unless otherwise noted. The amounts for P.L. 117-31, Divisions A and C
of P.L. 117-43, Division J of P.L. 117-58, and Division B of P.L. 117-70, are based on CRS analysis of the texts of
those laws.
FY2021 enacted totals (“Total BA in the Bil ”) do not include emergency-designated LHHS appropriations
provided in Divisions H and M of P.L. 116-260, or by P.L. 117-31. FY2022 House committee totals (“Total BA in
the Bil ”) do not include emergency-designated LHHS appropriations in Divisions A and C of P.L. 117-43, Division
J of P.L. 117-58, or Division B of P.L. 117-70. For informational purposes, FY2021 and FY2022 enacted emergency-
designated amounts are displayed separately at the bottom of tables throughout the report and not summed. One
exception to this rule is made in Table A-1, which includes FY2021 and FY2022 enacted emergency-designated
funds in the “Adjusted Appropriations” totals, as scored by the Congressional Budget Office.
For consistency with source materials, amounts in this report generally do not reflect mandatory spending
sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to
executive authorities, except as noted.25 CRS calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS
pursuant to the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255), as amended.
Table 2 displays FY2022 discretionary and mandatory LHHS budget authority proposed, by bill
title, along with FY2021 enacted levels. The amounts shown in this table reflect total budget
authority provided in the annual LHHS bill (i.e., all funds appropriated in the bill, regardless of
the fiscal year in which the funds become available), not total budget authority available for the
current fiscal year. (For a comparable table showing current-year budget authority, see Table A-
2.) Note that the totals in this table do not include emergency-designated appropriations; those
amounts are displayed separately at the bottom of the table and are in addition to regular
appropriations.

25 The general practice for CRS reports on the LHHS bill has been to reflect conventions used in source materials.
These conventions have varied over the years. For instance, CRS reports on LHHS appropriations for FY2012-FY2015
generally relied on source materials that adjusted appropriations amounts in the prior-year column to reflect
sequestration, reestimates of mandatory spending, transfers, reprogramming, and other adjustments for comparability.
However, the FY2016 version of this report broke from that practice due to differing display conventions in source
documents, and did not reflect any such adjustments (except sequestration for the Prevention and Public Health Fund
[PPHF]). The FY2017 version of this report differed from both of these prior practices, in that it reflected a smaller
subset of transfers (generally concentrated at the National Institutes of Health) and other adjustments for comparability
(e.g., program moves from one account to another), but not reprogramming of funds or mandatory sequestration
(except sequestration of the PPHF). The FY2018-FY2021 versions of this report, however, relied on source materials
that generally did not reflect any transfers or other budgetary adjustments pursuant to administrative authorities except
PPHF sequestration. For FY2022, the source materials used for this report continue this most recent approach.
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Table 2. LHHS Appropriations Overview by Bill Title, FY2021-FY2022
(Total budget authority provided in the bill, in billions of dollars)
FY2022
House
FY2021
FY2022
Cmte.
FY2022
Bill Title
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
Title I: Labor
13.9
15.6
16.0

Discretionary
12.5
14.3
14.7

Mandatory
1.4
1.2
1.2

Title II: HHS
1,016.6
1,159.6
1,159.4

Discretionary
97.0
120.0
119.8

Mandatory
919.6
1,039.6
1,039.6

Title III: Education
77.2
106.5
106.5

Discretionary
73.5
102.8
102.8

Mandatory
3.7
3.7
3.7

Title IV: Related Agencies
70.8
73.8
74.0

Discretionary
15.5
16.9
17.0

Mandatory
55.3
57.0
57.0

Total BA in the Bill
1,178.5
1,355.5
1,355.9

Discretionary
198.5
254.0
254.4

Mandatory
980.0
1,101.5
1101.5

Emergency Funding (not included in above totals)

P.L. 116-260, Division H
1.6
—
—
—
P.L. 116-260, Division M
154.9
—
—
—
P.L. 117-31
0.0a
—
—
—
P.L. 117-43, Divisions A and C
—
—
—
4.2
P.L. 117-58, Division J
—
—
—
-0.3
P.L. 117-70, Division B
—
—
—
1.3
Memoranda (non-emergency funds only):

Advances for Future Years
197.6
210.7
210.8

(provided in current bil )b
Advances from Prior Years
189.0
197.6
197.6

(for use in current year)b
Additional Scorekeeping Adjustmentsc
-22.5
-25.4
-14.7

Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns are
generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). The amounts shown for emergency
funding at the bottom of the table are based on CRS analysis of the texts of those laws. For consistency with
source materials, regular annual appropriations totals generally do not include emergency funds; instead,
emergency funds are shown separately and are in addition to the regular annual amounts. For consistency with
source materials, amounts in this table generally do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where
applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities. CRS
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calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L.
114-255), as amended.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
all BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s. No
amounts are shown for Title V, because this title consists solely of general provisions.
a. P.L. 117-31 provided $25 mil ion in supplemental appropriations for the Refugee and Entrant Assistance
account at HHS for specified purposes related to Afghan special immigrants, which rounds to $0.0 in bil ions
(the unit of measure used in this table).
b. Totals in this table are based on budget authority provided in the bil (i.e., they exclude advance
appropriations from prior bil s and include advance appropriations from this bil made available in future
years). The calculation for total budget authority available in a given fiscal year is as fol ows: Total BA in the
Bil , minus Advances for Future Years, plus Advances from Prior Years. FY2022 advance appropriations
enacted in prior fiscal years are listed in the FY2022 Request and FY2022 House Cmte. columns.
c. Totals in this table have generally not been adjusted for scorekeeping. (To adjust for scorekeeping, add this
line to the total budget authority.)
Figure 2 displays the House committee bill discretionary and mandatory LHHS funding levels
proposed for FY2022, by bill title. (While the dollars and percentages discussed in this section
were calculated based on the FY2022 House committee bill, they are generally also illustrative—
within several percentage points—of the share of funds directed to each bill title in FY2021 and
under the FY2022 President’s budget.)
As this figure demonstrates, HHS accounts for the largest share of total FY2022 LHHS
appropriations: $1.159 trillion, or 85.5%. This is due to the large amount of mandatory funding
included in the HHS appropriation, the majority of which is for Medicaid grants to states and
payments to health care trust funds. After HHS, ED and the Related Agencies represent the next-
largest shares of total LHHS funding, accounting for 7.9% and 5.4%, respectively. (The majority
of the ED appropriations each year are discretionary, while the bulk of funding for the Related
Agencies goes toward mandatory payments and administrative costs of the Supplemental Security
Income program at the Social Security Administration.) DOL accounts for the smallest share of
total LHHS funds, 1.2%.
The overall composition of LHHS funding is noticeably different when comparing only
discretionary appropriations. HHS accounts for a comparatively smaller share of total
discretionary appropriations (47.1%), while ED accounts for a relatively larger share (40.4%).
Together, these two departments represent the majority (87.5%) of discretionary LHHS
appropriations. DOL and the Related Agencies account for a roughly even split of the remaining
12.5% of discretionary LHHS funds.
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Figure 2. FY2022 House Committee-Reported LHHS Appropriations by Title
(Budget authority in billions of dollars unless otherwise indicated)

Source: Amounts in this figure are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the
committee report (H.Rept. 117-96) accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported).
FY2022 House committee totals (“Total BA in the Bil ”) do not include emergency-designated LHHS
appropriations. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this figure generally do not reflect mandatory
spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant
to executive authorities. CRS calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the
21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255), as amended.
Notes: Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this figure (1) reflect all BA appropriated in
the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include advances from prior-
year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2) have generally not
been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided for agencies and accounts subject
to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate appropriations committees; and (4) do
not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
Department of Labor (DOL)
Note that all amounts in this section are based on regular LHHS appropriations only. Amounts in
this section do not include mandatory funds provided outside of the annual appropriations process
(e.g., direct appropriations for Unemployment Insurance benefits payments). All amounts in this
section are rounded to the nearest million or billion (as labeled). The dollar changes and
percentage changes discussed in the text are based on unrounded amounts. For consistency with
source materials, amounts do not reflect sequestration or reestimates of mandatory spending
programs, where applicable.
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About DOL
DOL is a federal department comprised of multiple entities that provide services related to
employment and training, worker protection, income security, and contract enforcement. Annual
LHHS appropriations laws direct funding to all DOL entities (see the text box).27 The DOL
entities fall primarily into two main functional areas—workforce development and worker
protection. First, there are several DOL
entities that administer workforce employment
DOL Entities Funded via the
and training programs—such as the Workforce
LHHS Appropriations Process
Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) state
Employment and Training Administration (ETA)
formula grant programs, Job Corps, and the
Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA)
Employment Service—that provide direct
Wage and Hour Division (WHD)
funding for employment activities or
Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs
administration of income security programs
(OFCCP)
(e.g., for the Unemployment Insurance
Office of Labor-Management Standards (OLMS)
benefits program). Also included in this area is
Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP)
the Veterans’ Employment and Training
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Service (VETS), which provides employment
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
services specifically for the veteran
population. Second, there are several agencies
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
that provide various worker protection
Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP)
services. For example, the Occupational
Departmental Management (DM)26
Safety and Health Administration (OSHA),
the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), and the Wage and Hour Division (WHD)
provide different types of regulation and oversight of working conditions. DOL entities focused
on worker protection provide services to ensure worker safety, adherence to wage and overtime
laws, and contract compliance, among other duties. In addition to these two main functional
areas, DOL’s Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects data and provides analysis on the labor
market and related labor issues.
FY2022 DOL Appropriations Overview
Table 3 generally displays FY2022 discretionary and mandatory DOL budget authority proposed,
along with FY2021 enacted levels. Note that the totals in this table do not include emergency-
designated appropriations. Those amounts are displayed separately, along with the law in which
they were enacted, at the bottom of the table and are in addition to regular appropriations.
The FY2022 House committee bill would increase discretionary appropriations for DOL by $2.2
billion (+17.4%), while the FY2022 President’s budget request would have increased
discretionary appropriations by $1.8 billion (+14.2%) compared to the FY2021 enacted levels. Of
the total funding provided in the bill for DOL, roughly 92% is discretionary.

26 Departmental Management includes the DOL salaries and expenses, Veterans Employment and Training Service
(VETS), IT Modernization, and the Office of the Inspector General.
27 The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) is funded primarily through insurance premiums and related fees
from companies covered by the PBGC. For further information, see CRS In Focus IF10492, An Overview of the
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC).
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Table 3. DOL Appropriations Overview
(In billions of dollars)
FY2022
House
Cmte.
FY2021
FY2022
(H.R.
FY2022
Funding
Enacted
Request
4502)
Enacted
Discretionary
12.5
14.3
14.7

Mandatory
1.4
1.2
1.2

Total BA in the Bill
13.9
15.6
16.0
Emergency Funding (not included in above

totals)
P.L. 116-260, Division H
0.9
—
—
—
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns are
generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). The amounts shown for emergency
funding at the bottom of the table are based on CRS analysis of the texts of those laws. For consistency with
source materials, regular annual appropriations totals generally do not include emergency funds; instead,
emergency funds are shown separately and are in addition to the regular annual amounts. For consistency with
source materials, amounts in this table generally do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where
applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
all BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
Selected DOL Highlights
The following sections present highlights from the FY2022 House committee bill and the
President’s FY2022 budget request compared to FY2021 enacted appropriations for selected
DOL accounts and programs.28
Table 4 displays funding for DOL programs and activities discussed in this section.
Employment and Training Administration (ETA)
Title I of WIOA, which authorizes more than half of all funding for the programs authorized by
the four titles of WIOA, includes three state formula grant programs serving Adults, Youth, and
Dislocated Workers. For the three WIOA state formula grant programs, the FY2022 House
committee bill would provide a $250 million increase (+8.8%) compared to FY2021 enacted
levels and a $76 million increase (+2.5%) compared to the level requested in the FY2022
President’s budget.
The FY2022 committee bill would provide $436 million for the Dislocated Workers Activities
National Reserve (DWA National Reserve), which would be an increase of $155 million
(+55.2%) compared to the FY2021 enacted level of $281 million and an increase of $55 million
(+14.4%) compared to the FY2022 President’s budget request of $381 million. In addition, the

28 DOL budget materials can be found at https://www.dol.gov/general/aboutdol#budget.
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FY2022 House committee bill would maintain a provision in that account, which originated in the
FY2020 LHHS omnibus, directing funds ($100 million) from the DWA National Reserve to be
used in developing, offering, or improving career training programs at community colleges. The
FY2022 House committee bill and the FY2022 President’s budget request would direct $100
million from the DWA National Reserve for training and employment assistance to workers in
communities experiencing dislocations in the fossil fuel extraction and energy production
industries.
The FY2022 House committee bill would provide $285 million for the Apprenticeship Grant
program, which would be $100 million (+54.1%) more than the level enacted in FY2021 and the
same amount requested in the FY2022 President’s budget.
Finally, under the pilot and demonstration authority in WIOA (Section 169), the FY2022 House
committee bill and the FY2022 President’s budget would provide new funding for a National
Youth Employment Program ($50 million) and a Veterans Clean Energy Training program ($20
million). In addition, the FY2022 House committee bill would provide $64 million in funding for
community projects for dislocated workers.
Employment Service
The FY2022 House committee bill would provide $771 million for the Employment Service,
which would be an increase of $79 million (+11.4%) compared to the FY2021 enacted level and
$50 million (+6.9%) more than requested in the FY2022 President’s budget. The Employment
Service is a joint federal-state partnership that funds staff to provide career counseling, job search
services, and administration of the work test for the UI system. The FY2022 House committee
bill would also prohibit DOL from using any funds provided in the FY2022 LHHS appropriations
bill from being used to implement or enforce a 2020 final rule allowing the use of non-merit-staff
employees to deliver Employment Service services.29
Wage and Hour Division (WHD)
The FY2022 House committee bill would provide $300 million for WHD, an increase of $54
million (+22.0%) compared to the FY2021 enacted level and $24 million (+8.5%) more than the
FY2022 President’s budget. The WHD is responsible for enforcing the Fair Labor Standards Act
(FLSA), the Davis-Bacon Act (DBA), the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA), and other
labor standards statutes. As noted in the accompanying report, the additional $54 million in the
FY2022 appropriations for WHD is to support additional investigators to implement strategic
enforcement and, as required by the bill, to establish a national hotline to support domestic
workers reporting wage and hour violations.30
Bureau of International Labor Affairs (ILAB)
The FY2022 House committee bill would provide $136 million for ILAB, an increase of $40
million (+41.5%) compared to the FY2021 enacted level and $12 million (+9.9%) more than the
FY2022 President’s budget request. ILAB provides research, advocacy, technical assistance, and
grants to promote workers’ rights in different parts of the world. Language in the FY2022 House

29 See Section 114 and H.Rept. 117-96, p. 24, for further information.
30 H.Rept. 117-96, pp. 29-30.
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committee report directs ILAB to place additional labor attachés in strategic countries to assist
with promoting worker rights, such as freedom of association and collective bargaining.31
Labor-Related General Provisions
Annual LHHS appropriations acts regularly contain general provisions related to certain labor
issues. This section highlights selected DOL general provisions in the FY2022 House committee
bill.
The FY2022 House committee bill would add new provisions and continue several provisions
that have been included in at least one previous LHHS appropriations act, including provisions
that would
 authorize the Secretary of Labor to employ law enforcement officers or special
agents to provide protection to the Secretary of Labor and certain other
employees and family members at public events and in situations in which there
is a “unique and articulable” threat of physical harm (included since FY2018);32
 authorize the Secretary of Labor to dispose of or divest “by any means the
Secretary determines appropriate” all or part of the real property on which the
Treasure Island Job Corps Center is located (included since FY2018);33
 prohibit any funds from the bill from being used to alter the Interagency
Agreement between DOL and the Department of Agriculture or to close any
Civilian Conservation Centers unless certain conditions are met (included since
FY2020);34
 prohibit any funds from the FY2022 House committee bill from being used to
implement or enforce the final rule on “Wagner-Peyser Act Staffing Flexibility”
(new in 2022);35 and
 prohibit any funds from the FY2022 House committee bill from being used to
implement or enforce Industry Recognized Apprentice Programs (new in 2022).36
Table 4. Detailed DOL Appropriations
(In millions of dollars)
FY2022
House
Cmte.
FY2021
FY2022
(H.R.
FY2022
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
4502)
Enacted
ETA—Mandatorya
634
551
551

ETA—Discretionary
9,392
10,704
11,075

Discretionary ETA Programs:

Training and Employment Services:
3,663
4,211
4,407

31 H.Rept. 117-96, p. 38.
32 See Division A, Title I, §109 of H.R. 4502.
33 See Division A, Title I, §110 of H.R. 4502.
34 See Division A, Title I, §111 of H.R. 4502.
35 See Division A, Title I, §114 of H.R. 4502.
36 See Division A, Title I, §115 of H.R. 4502.
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FY2022
House
Cmte.
FY2021
FY2022
(H.R.
FY2022
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
4502)
Enacted
State Formula Grants:
2,845
3,019
3,095

Adult Activities Grants to States
863
900
923

Youth Activities Grants to States
921
964
989

Dislocated Worker Activities (DWA)
1,062
1,155
1,184

Grants to States
National Activities:
818
1,192
1,312

DWA National Reserve
281
381
436

Native Americans
56
58
58

Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers
94
97
97

YouthBuild
97
145
145

Reintegration of Ex-Offenders
100
150
150

Workforce Data Quality Initiative
6
6
7

Apprenticeship Grants
185
285
285

Community Projects
0
0
64

National Youth Employment Program
0
50
50

Veterans Clean Energy Training
0
20
20

Job Corps
1,749
1,755
1,830

Community Service Employment for Older Americans
405
405
450

State Unemployment Insurance and Employment
3,417
4,122
4,176

Service Operations (SUI/ESO):
Unemployment Compensation
2,584
3,243
3,243

Employment Service
692
721
771

Foreign Labor Certification
78
90
94

One-Stop Career Centers
63
68
68

ETA Program Administration
159
212
212

Employee Benefits Security Administration
181
218
218

Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp, (PBGC) program
(465)
(473)
(473)

level (non-add)b
Wage and Hour Division
246
277
300

Office of Labor-Management Standards
44
52
44

Office of Federal Contract Compliance
106
141
141

Programs
Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs—
739
683
683

Mandatoryc
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FY2022
House
Cmte.
FY2021
FY2022
(H.R.
FY2022
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
4502)
Enacted
Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs—
118
141
141

Discretionary
Occupational Safety & Health Administration
592
665
692

Mine Safety & Health Administration
380
447
405

Bureau of Labor Statistics
655
701
701

Office of Disability Employment Policy
39
43
43

Departmental Management
784
933
961

Salaries and Expenses
349
440
457

International Labor Affairs (non-addd)
96
124
136

Veterans Employment and Training
316
325
335

IT Modernization
27
37
37

Working Capital Fund
0
36
36

Office of the Inspector General
91
95
95

Total, DOL BA in the Bill
13,909
15,554
15,954

Subtotal, Mandatory
1,373
1,234
1,234

Subtotal, Discretionary
12,536
14,320
14,720

Emergency Funding (not included in above totals)

P.L. 116-260, Division H
925
—
—
—
Memoranda (non-emergency funds only)

Total, BA Available in Fiscal Year (current year from
13,909
15,557
15,957

any bil )
Total, BA Advances for Future Years (provided in
1,786
1,783
1,783

current bil )
Total, BA Advances from Prior Years (for use in
1,786
1,786
1,786

current year)e
Source: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns are
generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). The amounts shown for emergency
funding at the bottom of the table are based on CRS analysis of the texts of those laws. For consistency with
source materials, regular annual appropriations totals generally do not include emergency funds; instead,
emergency funds are shown separately and are in addition to the regular annual amounts. For consistency with
source materials, amounts in this table generally do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where
applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
all BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
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a. Mandatory funding within ETA goes to Federal Unemployment Benefits and Allowances (FUBA) and
Advances to the Unemployment Trust Fund (UTF), if any. FUBA funds Trade Adjustment Assistance for
Workers (TAA).
b. PBGC funding is provided outside the LHHS Appropriations Act.

c. Mandatory programs in the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs include Special Benefits
(comprising the Federal Employees’ Compensation Benefits and the Longshore and Harbor Workers’
Benefits), Special Benefits for Disabled Coal Miners, Energy Employees Occupational Il ness Compensation
(Administrative Expenses), and the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund.
d. The funding for International Labor Affairs is included in the Salaries and Expenses total.
e. FY2022 advance appropriations enacted in prior fiscal years are listed in the FY2022 Request and FY2022
House Cmte. columns.
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Note that all amounts in this section are based on regular LHHS appropriations only; they do not
include funds for HHS agencies provided through other appropriations bills (e.g., funding for the
Food and Drug Administration) or outside of the annual appropriations process (e.g., direct
appropriations for Medicare or mandatory funds provided by authorizing laws, such as the
American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 [P.L. 117-2]). All amounts in this section are rounded to the
nearest million or billion (as labeled). The dollar changes and percentage changes discussed in the
text are based on unrounded amounts. For consistency with source materials, amounts do not
reflect sequestration or re-estimates of mandatory spending programs, where applicable.
About HHS
HHS Agencies Funded via the
HHS is a large federal department composed
LHHS Appropriations Process
of multiple agencies working to enhance the
Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
health and well-being of Americans. Annual
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
LHHS appropriations laws direct funding to
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
most (but not all) HHS agencies (see text box
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
for HHS agencies supported by the LHHS
Administration (SAMHSA)
bill).37 For instance, the LHHS bill directs
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
funding to five Public Health Service (PHS)
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
agencies: the Health Resources and Services
Administration for Children and Families (ACF)
Administration (HRSA), Centers for Disease
Administration for Community Living (ACL)
Control and Prevention (CDC), National
Office of the Secretary (OS)
Institutes of Health (NIH), Substance Abuse
and Mental Health Services Administration
(SAMHSA), and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).38 These public health
agencies support diverse missions, ranging from the provision of health care services and
supports (e.g., HRSA, SAMHSA), to the advancement of health care quality and medical research

37 Three HHS public health agencies receive annual funding from appropriations bills other than the LHHS bill: the
Food and Drug Administration (funded through the Agriculture appropriations bill), the Indian Health Service (funded
through the Interior-Environment appropriations bill), and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(funded through the Interior-Environment appropriations bill). In addition, while the National Institutes of Health
(NIH) receive the majority of their appropriations from the LHHS bill, one NIH institute (the National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences) receives appropriations from two bills: LHHS and the Interior-Environment bill.
38 For more information on HHS PHS agencies, see CRS Report R44916, Public Health Service Agencies: Overview
and Funding (FY2016-FY2018).
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(e.g., AHRQ, NIH), to the prevention and control of infectious and chronic diseases (e.g., CDC).
In addition, the LHHS bill provides funding for annually appropriated components of CMS,39
which is the HHS agency responsible for the administration of Medicare, Medicaid, the State
Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), and consumer protections and private health
insurance provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148).
The LHHS bill also provides funding for two HHS agencies focused primarily on the provision of
social services: the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) and the Administration for
Community Living (ACL). ACF’s mission is to promote the economic and social well-being of
vulnerable children, youth, families, and communities. ACL was formed with a goal of increasing
access to community supports for older Americans and people with disabilities. The LHHS bill
also provides funding for the HHS Office of the Secretary (OS), which encompasses a broad
array of management, research, oversight, and emergency preparedness functions in support of
the entire department.
FY2022 HHS Appropriations Overview
Table 5 displays enacted and proposed FY2022 funding levels for HHS, along with FY2021
levels. Note that the totals in this table do not include emergency-designated appropriations.
Those amounts are displayed separately, along with the law in which they were enacted, at the
bottom of the table and are in addition to regular appropriations. For a discussion of the COVID-
19 related FY2021 supplemental appropriations in Division M of P.L. 116-260, see CRS Report
R46775, Overview of COVID-19 LHHS Supplemental Appropriations: FY2020 and FY2021.
In general, discretionary funds account for about 10% of HHS appropriations in the LHHS bill.
Compared to the FY2021 funding levels, the FY2022 House committee bill would increase HHS
discretionary appropriations by 23.6%. The FY2022 President’s request proposed increasing HHS
discretionary appropriations to a similar degree, by 23.7%.
Table 5. HHS Appropriations Overview
(In billions of dollars)
FY2022
FY2021
FY2022
House Cmte.
FY2022
Funding
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
Discretionary
97.0
120.0
119.8

Mandatory
919.6
1,039.6
1,039.6

Total BA in the Bill
1,016.6
1,159.6
1,159.4

Emergency Funding (not included in above totals)

P.L. 116-260, Division H
0.6
—
—
—
P.L. 116-260, Division M
72.9
—
—
—
P.L. 117-31
0.0a
—
—
—
P.L. 117-43, Divisions A and C
—
—
—
4.2
P.L. 117-58, Division J
—
—
—
0.1
P.L. 117-70, Division B
—
—
—
1.3

39 Much of the funding for CMS activities is provided through mandatory appropriations in authorizing legislation, and
thus is not subject to the annual appropriations process.
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Sources: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns
are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). The amounts shown for emergency
funding at the bottom of the table are based on CRS analysis of the texts of those laws. For consistency with
source materials, regular annual appropriations totals generally do not include emergency funds; instead,
emergency funds are shown separately and are in addition to the regular annual amounts. For consistency with
source materials, amounts in this table generally do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where
applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities. CRS
calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L.
114-255), as amended.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
all BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
a. P.L. 117-31 provided $25 mil ion in supplemental appropriations for the Refugee and Entrant Assistance
account at HHS for specified purposes related to Afghan special immigrants, which rounds to $0.0 in bil ions
(the unit of measure used in this table).
Figure 3 provides an HHS agency-level breakdown of FY2022 appropriations proposed by the
House Appropriations Committee. As this figure demonstrates, annual HHS appropriations are
dominated by mandatory funding, the majority of which goes to CMS to provide Medicaid
benefits and payments to health care trust funds. When taking into account both mandatory and
discretionary funding, CMS accounts for $1.027 trillion in the House committee bill, which is
88.6% of all proposed appropriations for HHS. NIH and ACF account for the next-largest shares
of total HHS appropriations, receiving about 4.2% and 4.1% apiece, respectively.
By contrast, when looking exclusively at discretionary appropriations, funding for CMS
constitutes about 4.3% of FY2022 HHS appropriations proposed by the House committee.
Instead, the bulk of discretionary appropriations would go to the PHS agencies, which would
account for a combined 63.2% of discretionary appropriations proposed for HHS.40 NIH typically
receives the largest share of all discretionary funding among HHS agencies (40.2% in the
FY2022 House committee proposal), with ACF accounting for the second-largest share (26.1%).

40 For further information about PHS agency funding, see CRS Report R44916, Public Health Service Agencies:
Overview and Funding (FY2016-FY2018).
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Figure 3. FY2022 House Committee-Reported HHS Appropriations by Agency
(Budget authority in billions of dollars)

Source: Amounts in this figure are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the
committee report (H.Rept. 117-96) accompanying the FY2022 House Committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported).
FY2022 House committee totals (“Total BA in the Bil ”) do not include emergency-designated LHHS
appropriations. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this figure generally do not reflect mandatory
spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant
to executive authorities. CRS calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the
21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255), as amended.
Notes: Details may not add to totals due to rounding. The bar representing the combined mandatory and
discretionary total for CMS has been abbreviated due to space constraints. When taking into account both
mandatory and discretionary funding, CMS receives over 20 times the funding appropriated to either ACF or
NIH in the FY2022 House Committee bil . Amounts in this table (1) reflect all BA appropriated in the bil ,
regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include advances from prior-year
appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2) have generally not been
adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested) for agencies and
accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate appropriations
committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
Special Public Health Funding Mechanisms
Annual appropriations for HHS public health service agencies are best understood in the context
of certain HHS-specific funding mechanisms: the Public Health Service Evaluation Set-Aside,
and the Prevention and Public Health Fund (PPHF). In recent years, LHHS appropriations laws
have used these funding mechanisms to direct additional support to certain programs and
activities.
Public Health Service Evaluation Tap
The PHS Evaluation Set-Aside, also known as the PHS Evaluation Tap, is a unique feature of
HHS appropriations. It is authorized by Section 241 of the Public Health Service Act (PHSA),
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and allows the Secretary of HHS, with the approval of appropriators, to redistribute a portion of
eligible PHS agency appropriations across HHS for program evaluation purposes.
The PHSA limits the set-aside to not less than 0.2% and not more than 1% of eligible program
appropriations. However, LHHS appropriations acts have commonly established a higher
maximum percentage for the set-aside and have distributed specific amounts of “tap” funding to
selected HHS programs. In regular LHHS appropriations enacted between FY2010 and FY2021,
this higher maximum set-aside level was 2.5% of eligible appropriations.41 Both the House
committee bill and the President’s budget would continue this 2.5% level.
Before FY2015, the PHS tap traditionally
Display of Evaluation Tap Transfers
provided more than a dozen HHS programs
By convention, tables in this report show only the
with funding beyond their annual
amount of PHS Evaluation Tap funds received by an
appropriations and, in some cases, was the
agency (i.e., tables do not subtract the amount of the
sole source of funding for a program or
evaluation tap from donor agencies’ appropriations).
That is to say, tap amounts shown in the fol owing
activity. However, since FY2015 and
tables are in addition to amounts shown for budget
including in FY2021, LHHS appropriations
authority, but the amounts shown for budget authority
laws have directed tap funds to a smaller
have not been adjusted to reflect potential “transfer-
number of programs or activities within three
out” of funds to the tap.
HHS agencies (NIH, SAMHSA, and OS) and
have not provided any tap transfers to AHRQ, CDC, and HRSA. This has been particularly
notable for AHRQ, which had been funded primarily through tap transfers from FY2003 to
FY2014, but has received discretionary appropriations since then.42 Since FY2015, LHHS
appropriations laws have directed the largest share of tap transfers to NIH.
Under both the House committee bill and the President’s budget, the amount of tap transfers to
NIH ($1.3 billion) and SAMHSA ($134 million) would be the same as those directed in
FY2021.43 However, the amount of tap transfers to OS would be increased by $97 million
(+149.0%) by the House committee bill, and $106 million (+163.7%) by the President’s budget.
These proposed increases would, in large part, be used to transition the Office of the National
Coordinator for Health Information Technology to being solely funded by tap transfers.
In addition to the transfers to NIH, SAMHSA, and OS, the FY2022 House committee bill
proposes that AHRQ receive $129 million in tap funding, slightly over half the amount that it
proposes for AHRQ’s discretionary funding for FY2022 ($251 million), for a total of $380

41 See Section 204, Division H, P.L. 116-260 for the FY2021 maximum set-aside level. The last time that an
appropriations act set the PHS tap percentage at a level other than 2.5% was in FY2009, when it was 2.4% (see P.L.
111-8). The House committee bill also retained a change to this provision, first included in the FY2014 omnibus,
allowing tap transfers to be used for the “evaluation and the implementation” of programs funded in the HHS title of
the LHHS appropriations act. Prior to FY2014, such provisions had restricted tap funds to the “evaluation of the
implementation” of programs authorized under the Public Health Service Act.
42 Until FY2015, AHRQ had not received a discretionary appropriation in an annual appropriations act in more than a
decade. FY2009 was the exception to this general pattern, as AHRQ received a supplemental appropriation from the
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act that year. In recent years, AHRQ has also received some transfers from the
Prevention and Public Health Fund and the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund, though these transfers
were generally much smaller than the transfers AHRQ received from the tap. For more information, see CRS Report
R44136, The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Budget: Fact Sheet.
43 Prior to FY2015, NIH had traditionally been by far the largest net donor of tap funds, rather than a net recipient. The
joint explanatory statement accompanying the FY2015 omnibus explained this shift as being intended to ensure that tap
transfers are a “net benefit to NIH rather than a liability” and noted that this change was in response to a growing
concern at the loss of NIH funds to the tap. Joint Explanatory Statement, Proceedings and Debates of the 113th
Congress, Second Session, Congressional Record, vol. 160, no. 151, Book II, December 11, 2014, p. H9832.
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million. The FY2022 President’s budget had requested that AHRQ receive a comparatively lesser
amount of tap funding ($27 million), with a greater proportion of AHRQ’s funding in the LHHS
bill being derived from discretionary appropriations ($353 million), for a total of $380 million. If
final appropriations adopt one of these proposals, it will be the first time since FY2014 that the
LHHS bill will direct tap funds to AHRQ.
The President’s budget also proposed expanding the activities and agencies funded by the PHS
tap to include the Public Health Scientific Services and Environmental Health at the CDC ($139
million), and Paralysis Resource Center, Limb Loss, and Traumatic Brain Injury at ACL ($17
million). The House Committee bill rejects those proposals.
Prevention and Public Health Fund
The ACA both authorized and appropriated mandatory funding to three funds to support programs
and activities within the PHS agencies.44 One of these, the Prevention and Public Health Fund
(PPHF, ACA §4002, as amended), was given a permanent, annual appropriation that was intended
to provide support each year to prevention, wellness, and related public health programs funded
through HHS accounts.
PPHF funds are intended to supplement (sometimes quite substantially) the funding that selected
programs receive through regular appropriations. The PPHF authority instructs the HHS
Secretary to transfer amounts from the fund to HHS agencies. However, since FY2014,
provisions in annual appropriations acts and accompanying reports have explicitly directed the
distribution of PPHF funds and prohibited the Secretary from making further transfers for those
years.45
The ACA had appropriated $2 billion in mandatory funds to the PPHF for FY2022, but this
amount was reduced by subsequent laws that decreased PPHF funding for FY2022 and other
fiscal years. Under current law, the FY2022 appropriation is $1 billion.46 In addition, this
appropriation was subject to a 5.7% reduction due to sequestration of nonexempt mandatory
spending.47 (For more information on sequestration, see the budget enforcement discussion in
Appendix A.) After sequestration, the total PPHF appropriation available for FY2022 was $943
million, an increase of $47 million relative to FY2021. Of this amount, the House committee bill
and the President’s budget would allocate $903 million to CDC, $12 million to SAMHSA, and
$28 million to ACL.

44 For more information, see CRS Report R41301, Appropriations and Fund Transfers in the Affordable Care Act
(ACA).
45 For the FY2021 LHHS omnibus, see Division H, §222, P.L. 116-260.
46 42 U.S.C. §300u-11.
47 OMB Report to the Congress on the BBEDCA 251A Sequestration for Fiscal Year 2022, May 28, 2021, p. 7,
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/BBEDCA_251A_Sequestration_Report_FY2022.pdf.
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CDC commonly receives the largest share of
Display of PPHF Transfers
annual PPHF funds. The amount that would
be provided to CDC for FY2022 under the
PPHF transfer amounts displayed in the HHS tables in
this report are in addition to amounts shown for
House committee bill and the President’s
budget authority provided in the bil . For consistency
request, $903 million, would be a $47 million
with source materials, the amounts shown for PPHF
(+5.5%) increase relative to FY2021. The
transfers in these tables reflect the estimated effects of
amounts for SAMHSA or ACL would be the
mandatory spending sequestration; this is not the case
same as FY2021 under both proposals.
for other mandatory spending shown in this report

(also for consistency with source materials).
Selected HHS Highlights by
Agency
This section begins with a limited selection of FY2022 discretionary funding highlights by HHS
agency. The discussion is largely based on the proposed appropriations levels for FY2022
compared to FY2021 enacted levels.48 These summaries are followed by a brief overview of
significant provisions from annual HHS appropriations laws that restrict spending in certain
controversial areas, such as abortion and stem cell research. The section concludes with two
tables (Table 6 and Table 7) presenting more detailed information on FY2021 enacted and
FY2022 proposed funding levels for HHS.
HRSA
The FY2022 House committee bill proposes $8.7 billion in discretionary budget authority for
HRSA. This is $1.5 billion (+21.1%) more than HRSA’s discretionary funding level in the
FY2021 LHHS omnibus and $911 million (+11.6%) more than the FY2022 President’s budget
request.
The House committee bill proposes $1.8 billion for the Community Health Centers program, an
increase of $148 million (+8.8%) relative to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus. Within this amount, the
House committee report sets aside $25 million for a new program, the Alcee L. Hastings Program
for Advanced Cancer Screening in Underserved Communities,49 and provides funding increases
to programs such as Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) Initiative (+$50 million) and School-Based
Health Centers (SBHCs) and Health Center Services at School-Based Sites (+$50 million).50
The National Health Service Corps program has the largest relative increase between the FY2021
LHHS omnibus and the FY2022 House committee bill. It would receive $185 million in the
House committee bill, an increase of $65 million (+54.2%) relative to the FY2021 LHHS
omnibus. As noted in the House committee report, $25 million of this increase is to fund a pilot
program to evaluate rural patient access and retention of rural practitioners.51
Other significant proposed funding increases in the House committee bill include $400 million
for the Family Planning (Title X) program, an increase of $114 million (+39.6%) relative to the
FY2021 LHHS omnibus. The House committee bill also proposes $140 million for the Rural
Communities Opioid Response Program, an increase of $30 million (+27.3%) relative to the

48 HHS budget materials can be found at http://www.hhs.gov/budget/.
49 H.Rept. 117-96, p. 46.
50 H.Rept. 117-96, p. 47.
51 H.Rept. 117-96, p. 49.
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FY2021 LHHS omnibus, and $869 million for the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Block
Grant program, an increase of $156 million (+21.9%) relative to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus.
The House committee report directs that additional proposed increases for the MCH account be
used to fund new initiatives such as the Pregnancy Medical Home Demonstration ($25 million),
which would offer “incentives to maternal health care providers to provide integral health care
services to pregnant women and new mothers, with the goal of reducing adverse maternal health
outcomes and maternal deaths.”52 Another new initiative is the Early Childhood Development
Expert Grants ($25 million), which would “place early childhood development experts in
pediatrician offices that serve a population with a high percentage of Medicaid and CHIP
patients.”53
CDC
For CDC, the FY2022 House committee bill proposes $9.6 billion in discretionary budget
authority. This is $2.6 billion (+38.0%) more than CDC’s discretionary funding level in the
FY2021 LHHS omnibus ($7.0 billion) and $1.2 billion (+13.7%) more than the FY2022
President’s discretionary budget request ($8.5 billion). The President’s discretionary budget
request represents a $1.5 billion increase (+21.4%) relative to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus. Both
the House committee bill and the President’s budget request propose directing $903 million in
PPHF funding to CDC, compared to $856 million in the FY2021 LHHS omnibus. Similar to
recent practice (since FY2015), the House committee bill would not direct PHS tap funds to
CDC. The President’s budget requested $139 million in PHS tap funds to CDC.
The FY2022 House committee bill proposes discretionary funding increases to all CDC accounts,
relative to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus, with the largest increase (in dollar and percentage terms)
going to CDC-Wide Activities and Program Support. The House committee bill would provide
$1.1 billion in discretionary funding to this account, an increase of $1.0 billion (+829.5%)
relative to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus ($124 million) and an increase of $600 million (+109.0%)
compared to the FY2022 President’s budget request ($549 million). The House committee bill
would direct the majority of the account’s discretionary appropriation ($1.0 billion) toward public
health infrastructure and capacity. The House committee report describes the $1.0 billion as “new,
annual funding to turn the tide on the nation’s public health infrastructure by providing a stable
source of disease-agnostic funding so that the nation’s State, local, territorial, and Federal public
health agencies are better equipped to coordinate together to save lives.”54
Other CDC accounts to receive some of the larger percentage increases in discretionary funding
under the FY2022 House committee bill include Buildings and Facilities (+83.3%),
Environmental Health (+58.5%), and Injury Prevention and Control (+55.8%). The President’s
budget request also called for discretionary increases to most CDC accounts relative to the
FY2021 LHHS omnibus, but often to a lesser degree than the House proposal. According to the
House committee report, these additional funds were largely allocated to increases of $100
million for the Climate and Health Program in the Environmental Health account and $100

52 H.Rept. 117-96, pp. 58-59.
53 H.Rept. 117-96, pp. 57-58.
54 H.Rept. 117-96, p. 107. For information about the President’s budget proposal for additional funding, see CDC,
FY2022 Congressional Budget Justification, p. 348, https://www.cdc.gov/budget/documents/fy2022/FY-2022-CDC-
congressional-justification.pdf.
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million for Community and Youth Violence Prevention in the Injury Prevention and Control
account, as requested in the President’s budget.55
NIH
For NIH, the FY2022 House committee bill proposes $48.2 billion in discretionary budget
authority. This is a $6.7 billion (+16.2%) increase relative to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus ($41.4
billion) and $2.3 billion (-4.6%) less than the President’s discretionary budget request ($50.5
billion). The President’s discretionary budget request represents a $9.0 billion (+21.8%) increase
from the FY2021 LHHS omnibus. Both the House committee bill and the President’s budget
request would direct $1.3 billion in PHS tap funds to NIH—the same amount as was directed in
the FY2021 LHHS omnibus.
Compared to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus, the FY2022 House committee bill would provide
discretionary funding increases to all NIH Institute and Center accounts, with the largest
percentage increases to the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
(+69.3%), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (+25.7%), and the National Center for
Complementary and Integrative Health (+20.2%).56 Generally, the House committee bill would
increase funding for NIH accounts to a greater degree relative to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus,
compared to the President’s budget request, with two exceptions: (1) the National Institute of
Child Health and Human Development, which the House committee bill would increase by 6.3%
and the President’s budget by 22.1%, and (2) the National Institute of Arthritis and
Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, which the House committee bill would increase by 7.1% and
the President’s budget by 7.2%. The House committee bill would fund the President’s proposed
new Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health (ARPA-H) at $3.0 billion, which is $3.5
billion (-54%) less than the FY2022 President’s budget request ($6.5 billion).57 Under the House
committee bill, ARPA-H funding would only be available if legislation specifically establishing
ARPA-H is enacted into law.
SAMHSA
The FY2022 House committee bill proposes $9.0 billion in discretionary budget authority for
SAMHSA. This is $3.1 billion (+53.6%) more than SAMHSA’s discretionary funding level in the
FY2021 LHHS omnibus and $572 million (-6.0%) less than the FY2022 President’s budget
request. PHS tap funding ($134 million) and PPHF funding ($12 million) would be the same as
FY2021 under both the House committee and President’s budget proposals.
The House committee report recommends that the Community Mental Health Block Grant
(MHBG) receive the largest increase in percentage terms (relative to FY2021) among SAMHSA
programs. The committee report proposes $1.6 billion for the MHBG, an increase of $825 million
(+112.0%) compared to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus. This is the same amount as requested in the
FY2022 President’s budget.58 The House committee bill would require HHS to reserve not less
than 10% of total MHBG funding (not less than $160 million) for a set-aside to support evidence-
based crisis systems, an increase from the $35 million provided in FY2021. Within the MHBG

55 See H.Rept. 117-96, pp. 98-99; and CDC, FY2022 Congressional Budget Justification, https://www.cdc.gov/budget/
documents/fy2022/FY-2022-CDC-congressional-justification.pdf.
56 Discretionary funding for the NIH Buildings and Facilities account would increase under both the FY2022 House
committee bill and the President’s budget
57 Under the House committee bill, funding for ARPA-H would be available through September 30, 2024.
58 H.Rept. 117-96, p. 478.
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total, the House committee report recommends that $100 million be reserved for a Mental Health
Crisis Response Partnership Pilot Program for “mobile crisis response teams that divert the
response for mental health crises from law enforcement to behavioral health teams.”59
The House Committee report recommends that the Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment
Block Grant (SABG) receive the largest increase in dollar terms (relative to FY2021) among
SAMHSA programs. The committee report proposes $2.8 billion for the SABG, an increase of
$1.0 billion (+56.2%) compared to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus. The House committee bill would
require states that receive funding from the SABG to reserve not less than 10% of these funds for
recovery support services.60
Other funding increases in the House committee bill include $2.0 billion for State Opioid
Response Grants, an increase of $500 million (+33.3%) relative to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus;
$727 million for Mental Health Programs of Regional and National Significance (PRNS), an
increase of $252 million (+53.1%) relative to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus; and $375 million for
the Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinics, an increase of $125 million (+50.0%)
relative to the FY2021 LHHS omnibus.
AHRQ
The House committee bill would provide $251 million in discretionary funding for AHRQ, which
would be a 25.8% reduction (-$87 million) from the FY2021 level of $338 million. However, the
House committee bill would also direct to AHRQ an additional $129 million in PHS evaluation
tap transfers, for a combined funding level of $380 million. When accounting for the
discretionary appropriation and the PHS tap transfers, total funding would be $42 million
(+12.4%) more than was provided by the FY2021 LHHS omnibus. (The FY2021 LHHS omnibus
directed no tap transfers to AHRQ, in keeping with practices since FY2015.61) The FY2022
President’s request proposed $353 million in discretionary funding for AHRQ, plus $27 million
in tap transfers, for a combined funding level of $380 million.62 As requested in the President’s
budget, the report accompanying the House committee bill directs funds to support new research
on health equity, COVID-19, and maternal health, among other topics.63
CMS
The FY2022 House committee bill and FY2022 President’s budget request would provide $5.2
billion in discretionary budget authority for CMS. This is $712 million (+15.9%) more than the
FY2021 enacted level. Both proposals would appropriate $873 million for the CMS Health Care
Fraud and Abuse Control (HCFAC) account, 8.2% more than FY2021. Of this total amount for

59 H.Rept. 117-96, p. 172-173. This set-aside is separate from the MHBG Crisis Care Set-Aside described immediately
prior.
60 The House Committee report explains that this set aside is for “the provision of evidence-informed SUD non-clinical
recovery supports and services” (H.Rept. 117-96, p. 179).
61 Since FY2015, annual LHHS appropriations laws have not directed tap transfers to AHRQ, but in earlier years
(FY2003-FY2014) AHRQ was funded primarily with tap transfers.
62 That is, both the FY2022 President’s request and the House committee bill would provide a combined funding level
of $380 million for AHRQ, including both discretionary funding and tap transfers. President Trump’s budgets for
FY2018 through FY2021 had requested zero funding for AHRQ, proposing instead to continue funding many of
AHRQ’s activities through a new National Institute for Research on Safety and Quality (NIRSQ) in the NIH. See CRS
Report R46859, Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2021 Appropriations, footnote 73.
63 H.Rept. 117-96, pp. 188-191.
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HCFAC, $556 million would be effectively exempt from the discretionary budget caps. (See
Appendix A for an explanation of the LHHS budget cap exemptions.)
Both the House committee bill and the President’s request would provide the CMS Program
Management account with $4.3 billion, which is 17.6% (+$646 million) more than the amount
provided in FY2022 ($3.7 billion). This account supports CMS program operations (e.g., claims
processing, information technology investments, provider and beneficiary outreach and
education, and program implementation), in addition to federal administration and other activities
related to the administration of Medicare, Medicaid, the State Children’s Health Insurance
Program, and private health insurance provisions established by the ACA. The House committee
bill and the President’s budget would eliminate a general provision (§227 in the FY2021 LHHS
omnibus), included in LHHS appropriations acts since FY2014, authorizing HHS to transfer
additional funds into this account from Medicare trust funds. The terms of the provision required
that such funds be used to support activities specific to the Medicare program, limited the amount
of the transfers to $305 million, and explicitly prohibited such transfers from being used to
support or supplant funding for ACA implementation.
ACF
The FY2022 House committee bill would provide $31.3 billion in discretionary budget authority
for ACF. This is $6.6 billion (+26.8%) more than FY2021 and $680 million (+2.2%) more than
the FY2022 President’s budget request of $30.6 billion.
The FY2022 House committee bill would provide $4.5 billion for the Refugee and Entrant
Assistance programs account, an increase of $2.6 billion (+135.8%) relative to FY2021. The
President’s budget would increase this account to a similar degree relative to FY2021, to $4.4
billion (+130.6%). Both the House committee bill and the President’s budget would retain a
provision, included in LHHS appropriations since FY2015, authorizing HHS to augment
appropriations for the Refugee and Entrant Assistance account via transfers from other
discretionary HHS funds. The 15% limit on those transfers was the same as FY2021.
The House committee report would direct $3.4 billion of the appropriation for Refugee and
Entrant Assistance programs toward the Unaccompanied Alien Children (UAC) program, a $2.1
billion (159.6%) increase over the FY2021 level. The UAC program provides for the shelter, care,
and placement of unaccompanied alien children who have been apprehended in the United States.
The President’s budget would provide $3.3 billion for this program to “allow ORR [the Office of
Refugee Resettlement] to increase the number of state-licensed beds and foster family
placements, including both long-term and transitional foster care placements.”64
The House committee bill also included several general provisions that were enacted in FY2021
(with modifications in some cases) related to the UAC program. For instance, the House
committee bill would
 authorize HHS to accept donations for the care of UAC arrivals (§228),
 limit the use of funds for unlicensed facilities for unaccompanied alien children
with new language addressing the termination of services for contractors or
grantees not in compliance (§229),
 impose additional congressional notification requirements prior to the use of
unlicensed facilities (§230),

64 HHS, ACF, FY 2022 Congressional Justification, p. 59, https://www.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/documents/olab/
fy_2022_congressional_justification.pdf.
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 impose additional public monthly reporting requirements on the number of
unaccompanied alien children who were separated from their parents or legal
guardians and transferred to the care of the ORR (§232), and
 prohibit HHS appropriations from being used to prevent a Member of Congress
from visiting a UAC facility for oversight purposes (modified from the FY2021
version so as to have no advance notification requirements) (§231).
New general provisions also were included in the House committee bill that prohibit the use of
funds for sharing any information pertaining to unaccompanied alien children for use or reference
in removal proceedings or immigration enforcement (§233), and require HHS to make efforts to
place sibling unaccompanied alien children together (§234). The House committee report
“includes directives in this report for ORR to raise standards of care; expand services for
children; rebuild, support and train staff on trauma-informed care; establish an independent office
to better serve children in ORR’s care; and increase planning for future humanitarian responses at
the border.”65
ACL
The House committee bill would provide $3.1 billion in discretionary funding for ACL, which
would be $846 million (+37.5%) more than the FY2021 enacted level and $96 million (+3.2%)
more than the FY2022 President’s request. Both the House committee bill and the President’s
request would direct $28 million in PPHF funding to ACL, the same amount as FY2021.
However, the President’s budget also would direct another $17 million in PHS evaluation tap
transfers to ACL, while the House committee bill would direct no tap funding to that agency,
consistent with FY2021.
Much of the House committee bill’s increase relative to FY2021 would go towards Nutrition
Services Programs (+$436 million, a 45.8% increase), Home and Community-Based Supportive
Services (+$158 million, a 40.2% increase), Family Caregiver Support Services (+$61 million, a
32.3% increase), Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act Activities (+$50 million, an 18.9%
increase), and Developmental Disabilities Programs (+$25 million, a 13.9% increase), among
others.
In addition, the House committee report would follow the FY2022 President’s request in directing
$28 million in PPHF transfers to ACL’s Alzheimer’s Disease, Chronic Disease Self-Management,
and Falls Prevention programs.66
Restrictions Related to Certain Controversial Issues
Annual LHHS appropriations measures regularly contain broad restrictions related to certain
controversial issues. For instance, annual LHHS appropriations acts commonly include provisions
limiting the use of federal funds for abortions, the use of human embryos for research, needle
exchange programs, and gun control advocacy.
Abortions: Since FY1977, annual LHHS appropriations acts have included provisions limiting
the circumstances under which LHHS funds (including Medicaid funds) may be used to pay for
abortions. Early versions of these provisions applied only to HHS, but since FY1994 most
provisions have applied to the entire LHHS bill. Under current provisions, (1) abortions may be

65 H.Rept. 117-96, pp. 208-215.
66 The same PPHF amounts were directed to these ACL programs by the FY2021 LHHS omnibus and accompanying
explanatory statement.
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funded only when the life of the mother is endangered or in cases of rape or incest; (2) funds may
not be used to buy a managed care package that includes abortion coverage, except in cases of
rape, incest, or endangerment; and (3) federal programs and state and local governments that
receive LHHS funding are prohibited from discriminating against health care entities that do not
provide or pay for abortions or abortion services. Both the FY2022 House committee bill and the
President’s budget would eliminate these existing restrictions (§§506 and 507 in the FY2021
LHHS omnibus67).
Human Embryo Research: Since FY1996, annual LHHS appropriations have included a
provision prohibiting any LHHS funds (including NIH funds) from being used to create human
embryos for research purposes or for research in which human embryos are destroyed. Both the
FY2022 House committee bill and the President’s budget would retain these existing restrictions
(§506 of the House committee bill).68
Needle Exchange Programs: Since FY1990, annual LHHS appropriations have generally
included a provision prohibiting any LHHS funds from being used for needle exchange programs
(i.e., programs in which sterile needles or syringes are made available to injection drug users in
exchange for used needles or syringes to mitigate the spread of related infections, such as
hepatitis and HIV/AIDS).69 Starting in FY2016, the provision was modified to allow funds to be
used for needle exchange programs under the following conditions: (1) federal funds may not be
used to purchase the needles, but may be used for other aspects of such programs; (2) the state or
local jurisdiction must demonstrate, in consultation with CDC, that they are experiencing, or at
risk for, a significant increase in hepatitis infections or an HIV outbreak due to injection drug use;
and (3) the program must be operating in accordance with state and local law. Both the FY2022
House committee bill and the President’s budget would omit this provision entirely (§527 in the
FY2021 LHHS omnibus).
Gun Control: Since FY1997, annual LHHS appropriations have included provisions prohibiting
the use of certain funds for activities that advocate or promote gun control. Early versions of
these provisions applied only to CDC; since FY2012, annual appropriations acts also have
included HHS-specific restrictions, in addition to restrictions that apply to all LHHS funds
(including funds transferred from the PPHF). Both the FY2022 House committee bill and the
President’s budget would retain these existing restrictions (§210 [HHS] and §503(c) [all LHHS,
plus PPHF transfers]).70

67 These provisions are commonly referred to as the Hyde and Weldon Amendments. For additional information, see
CRS Report RL33467, Abortion: Judicial History and Legislative Response.
68 The current provision is commonly referred to as the Dickey Amendment. For additional information, see CRS
Report RL33540, Stem Cell Research: Science, Federal Research Funding, and Regulatory Oversight.
69 The one exception is the FY1992 LHHS appropriations act (P.L. 102-170), which appears to have included no such
provision. Since the provision’s inception in FY1990, there has been variation in its scope and application during
certain fiscal years. For example, the LHHS appropriations act for FY1998 (P.L. 105-78) made the ban subject to
action by the HHS Secretary. The LHHS appropriations acts for FY2010 (P.L. 111-117, Division D) and FY2011 (P.L.
112-10, Division B) applied the ban only in locations that local authorities determined to be inappropriate.
70 The FY2022 House committee report directs that $25 million apiece ($50 million total) be allocated by the CDC and
NIH for Firearm Injury and Mortality Prevention Research (H.Rept. 117-96.). CDC and NIH funding reservations for
Firearm Injury and Mortality Prevention were first included in LHHS explanatory statements in FY2020.
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Table 6. HHS Appropriations Totals by Agency
(In millions of dollars)
FY2022
House
FY2021
FY2022
Cmte.
FY2022
HHS Agency
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
HRSA
7,484
8,151
9,062

Mandatory BA
266
317
317

Discretionary BA
7,218
7,834
8,745

CDCa
7,019
8,510
9,668

Mandatory BA
55
55
55

Discretionary BA
6,963
8,455
9,613

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
139
0

PPHFc
856
903
903

NIHa
41,437
50,461
48,162

Mandatory BA
0
0
0

Discretionary BA
41,437
50,461
48,162

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
1,272
1,272
1,272

Nonrecurring Expenses Fund Transferd
225
0
0

SAMHSA
5,870
9,587
9,015

Mandatory BA
0
0
0

Discretionary BA
5,870
9,587
9,015

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
134
134
134

PPHFc
12
12
12

AHRQ
338
353
251

Mandatory BA
0
0
0

Discretionary BA
338
353
251

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
27
129

CMS
906,627 1,027,439
1,027,439

Mandatory BA
902,150
1,022,250
1,022,250

Discretionary BA
4,477
5,189
5,189

ACF
41,190
46,943
47,624

Mandatory BA
16,496
16,302
16,302

Discretionary BA
24,695
30,641
31,321

ACL
2,258
3,009
3,105

Mandatory BA
0
0
0

Discretionary BA
2,258
3,009
3,105

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
17
0

PPHFc
28
28
28

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FY2022
House
FY2021
FY2022
Cmte.
FY2022
HHS Agency
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
Office of the Secretary (OS)
4,359
5,101
5,101

Mandatory BA
653
657
657

Discretionary BA
3,706
4,444
4,445

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
65
171
161

Total, HHS BA in the Bill
1,016,583 1,159,554
1,159,426

Mandatory
919,620 1,039,581
1,039,581

Discretionary
96,963
119,973
119,845

Emergency Funding (not included in above totals)

P.L. 116-260, Division H
6
—
—
—
P.L. 116-260, Division M
72,945
—
—
—
P.L. 117-31
25
—
—
—
P.L. 117-43, Divisions A and C
—
—
—
4,209
P.L. 117-58, Division J
—
—
—
100
P.L. 117-70, Division B
—
—
—
1,272
Memoranda (non-emergency funds only)

Total, BA Available in Fiscal Year (current year
1,007,753
1,142,464
1,142,337

from any bil )
Total, BA Advances for Future Years (provided in
153,132
170,222
170,222

current bil )
Total, BA Advances from Prior Years (for use in
144,303
153,132
153,132

current year)e
Total, Additional Scorekeeping Adjustments
-21,443
-25,262
-14,676

Sources: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns
are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). The amounts shown for emergency
funding at the bottom of the table are based on CRS analysis of the texts of those laws. For consistency with
source materials, regular annual appropriations totals generally do not include emergency funds; instead,
emergency funds are shown separately and are in addition to the regular annual amounts. For consistency with
source materials, amounts in this figure generally do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where
applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities. CRS
calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L.
114-255), as amended.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
all BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees (e.g., department totals do not include funding for the Food and Drug Administration,
the Indian Health Service, or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, all of which are funded by
other bil s); and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
a. Each year, CDC and NIH also receive funding in the Interior-Environment appropriations bil as part of their
overall budget authority.
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b. By convention, this table shows only the amount of PHS Evaluation Tap funds received by an agency, not the
amount of tap funds donated by an agency. That is to say, tap amounts shown in this table are in addition to
amounts shown for budget authority, but the amounts shown for budget authority have not been adjusted
to reflect potential “transfer-out” of funds to the tap.
c. PPHF funds are not appropriated in the LHHS bil , but are shown here for il ustrative purposes as they may
be used to supplement the funding selected agencies and programs receive through the appropriations
process. Amounts shown for PPHF in this table are in addition to amounts shown for budget authority.
d. The Nonrecurring Expenses Fund (NEF) was established by the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008,
to enable the HHS Secretary to repurpose certain unobligated balances of expired discretionary funds
appropriated to HHS from the General Fund. The FY2021 omnibus specified that HHS must transfer $225
mil ion to the building and facilities account at NIH. Amounts shown for the NEF transfer are in addition to
amounts shown for budget authority.
e. FY2022 advance appropriations enacted in prior fiscal years are listed in the FY2022 Request and FY2022
House Cmte. columns.
Table 7. HHS Discretionary Appropriations for Selected
Programs or Activities, by Agency
(In millions of dollars)
FY2022
House
FY2021
FY2022
Cmte.
FY2022
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
HRSA

Community Health Centers
1,683
1,733
1,831

National Health Service Corps
120
185
185

Children’s Hospitals Graduate Medical Education
350
350
400

Maternal & Child Health Block Grant
713
823
869

Autism and Other Developmental Disorders
53
57
57

Healthy Start
128
128
145

Ryan White AIDS Programs
2,424
2,555
2,655

Organ Transplantation
29
29
34

Telehealth
34
37
39

Rural Communities Opioid Response
110
165
140

Family Planning (Title X)
286
340
400

CDC

Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
449
527
532

PPHFa
372
419
419

HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STDs, TB Prevention
1,314
1,421
1,502

Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases
596
626
674

Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
1,022
1,198
1,302

PPHFa
255
255
255

Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities
168
173
187

Public Health Scientific Services
592
610
757

Environmental Health
206
309
326

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FY2022
House
FY2021
FY2022
Cmte.
FY2022
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
PPHFa
17
17
17

Injury Prevention and Control
683
1,103
1,064

National Institute for Occupational Safety and
345
345
360

Health
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
345
345
360

Global Health
593
698
843

CDC Wide Activities and Program Support
124
549
1,149

Buildings and Facilities
30
55
55

NIH

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
6,070
6,246
6,558

Diseases
National Institute of General Medical Sciences
1,720
1,825
1,868

Evaluation Tap Funding
1,272
1,272
1,272

National Institute of Child Health and Human
1,590
1,942
1,690

Development
National Institute on Aging
3,899
4,036
4,258

National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal
634
680
679

and Skin Diseases
National Institute on Drug Abuse
1,480
1,853
1,860

National Center for Complementary and
154
184
185

Integrative Health
National Institute on Minority and Health
391
652
662

Disparities
Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health
0
6,500
3,000

(ARPA-H)
Buildings and Facilities
200
250
250

SAMHSA

Mental Health Programs of Regional & National
475
659
727

Significance (PRNS)
PPHF
12
12
12

Mental Health Block Grant
737
1,562
1,562

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
21
21
21

Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinics
250
375
375

Children’s Mental Health
125
125
150

Substance Abuse Treatment PRNS
495
649
652

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
2
2
2

Substance Abuse Block Grant
1,779
3,429
2,779

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
79
79
79

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FY2022
House
FY2021
FY2022
Cmte.
FY2022
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
State Opioid Response Grants
1,500
2,250
2,000

Substance Abuse Prevention PRNS
208
217
244

Health Surveillance and Support
129
139
212

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
31
31
31

AHRQ

Research on Health Costs, Quality, and Outcomes
197
208
106

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
27
129

Medical Expenditure Surveys
70
72
72

Program Support
71
73
73

CMS

CMS Program Management
3,670
4,316
4,316

Health Care Fraud and Abuse Control
807
873
873

ACF

Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
3,750
3,850
3,900

Formula Grants
Refugee and Entrant Assistance Programs
1,910
4,405
4,505

Child Care and Development Block Grant
5,911
7,377
7,377

Head Start
10,748
11,932
12,182

Preschool Development Grants
275
450
450

Child Welfare Services
269
275
275

Adoption Opportunities
44
46
46

Community Services Block Grant
745
754
800

ACL

Home & Community-Based Supportive Services
393
551
551

Family Caregiver Support Services
189
250
250

Nutrition Services Programs
952
1,341
1,388

Alzheimer’s Disease Program
13
15
20

PPHFa
15
15
15

State Health Insurance Program (SHIP)
52
55
57

Paralysis Resource Center
10
4
10

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
7c
0

Limb Loss Resource Center
4
1
4

Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
3
0

Developmental Disabilities Programs
183
206
209

WIOA Activities (transferred from ED)
267
311
317

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FY2022
House
FY2021
FY2022
Cmte.
FY2022
Agency or Selected Program
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted

Office of the Secretary

Office of Nat'l Coord. for Health Information
62
0
0

Technology
Evaluation Tap Fundingb
0
87
87

Office of the Inspector General
80
100
100

Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund
2,847
3,523
3,518

Sources: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns
are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). The amounts shown for emergency
funding at the bottom of the table are based on CRS analysis of the texts of those laws. For consistency with
source materials, regular annual appropriations totals generally do not include emergency funds; instead,
emergency funds are shown separately and are in addition to the regular annual amounts. For consistency with
source materials, amounts in this figure generally do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where
applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities. CRS
calculations do, however, include LHHS funding provided to HHS pursuant to the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L.
114-255), as amended.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
all BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees (e.g., department totals do not include funding for the Food and Drug Administration,
the Indian Health Service, or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, all of which are funded by
other bil s); and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
a. PPHF funds are not appropriated in the LHHS bil , but are shown here for il ustrative purposes as they may
be used to supplement the funding selected agencies and programs receive through the appropriations
process. Amounts shown for PPHF in this table are in addition to amounts shown for budget authority.
b. By convention, this table shows the amount of PHS Evaluation Tap funds received by an agency for a
particular program or activity separately from the budget authority appropriated for that program or
activity. Tap amounts are in addition to amounts shown for budget authority, though the amounts shown for
budget authority have not been adjusted to reflect potential “transfer-out” of funds to the tap.
c. The PHS tap amount requested for the Paralysis Resource Center is from page 17 of the FY2022 ACL
Congressional Justification, linked at https://acl.gov/about-acl/budget.
Department of Education (ED)
Note that amounts in this section are based on regular LHHS appropriations only. They do not
include mandatory funds provided outside of the annual appropriations process (e.g., direct
appropriations for the Federal Direct Student Loan program and the mandatory portion of the
Federal Pell Grant program). Amounts are rounded to the nearest million or billion (as labeled).
The dollar and percentage changes discussed are based on unrounded amounts. For consistency
with source materials, amounts do not reflect sequestration or reestimates of mandatory spending
programs, where applicable.
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About ED
Federal policymakers established the U.S. Department of Education in 1980.71 Its mission is to
“promote student achievement and preparation for global competitiveness by fostering
educational excellence and ensuring equal access.”72 Typically, about three-quarters of ED’s
discretionary appropriations go either to local educational agencies—which primarily use the
funds to provide educational and related services for economically disadvantaged students and
students with disabilities—or to low-income postsecondary students in the form of Pell Grants,
which help pay for college. The remainder of ED’s discretionary budget provides for a wide
range of activities, including (but not limited to) support for minority-serving institutions;
educational research; and career, technical, and adult education.
The federal government provides roughly 8% of overall funding for elementary and secondary
education in the United States.73 The majority of school funding—about 92%—comes from states
and local districts, which have primary responsibility for the provision of elementary and
secondary education. With regard to higher education, the federal government provided roughly
57% of undergraduate and graduate student aid in academic year (AY) 2020-2021.74
FY2022 ED Appropriations Overview
Table 8 displays FY2022 discretionary and mandatory ED budget authority proposed, along with
FY2021 enacted levels. Note that the totals in this table do not include emergency-designated
appropriations. Those amounts are displayed separately, along with the law in which they were
enacted, at the bottom of the table and are in addition to regular appropriations. For a discussion
of the COVID-19-related FY2021 supplemental appropriations in Division M of P.L. 116-260,
see CRS Report R46775, Overview of COVID-19 LHHS Supplemental Appropriations: FY2020
and FY2021.
Discretionary funds represent the majority of ED’s annual appropriations, accounting for roughly
95% of ED funding.75 Proposed discretionary ED appropriations for FY2022 would increase
under the House committee bill (+39.8%) and the President’s budget (+39.8%) compared to
FY2021.

71 ED in its current incarnation became a department in 1980 pursuant to the Department of Education Organization
Act (enacted on October 17, 1979). However, the department dates its origins to 1867. See U.S. Department of
Education, “About ED: The Federal Role in Education,” http://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/fed/role.html.
72 U.S. Department of Education, “About ED,” http://www2.ed.gov/about/landing.jhtml, accessed on January 10, 2022.
73 U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Revenues and Expenditures for Public
Elementary and Secondary Education: FY19 (NCES 2021-302), June 2021, https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2021/2021302.pdf.
74 For the purposes of this calculation, the federal contribution included $134 billion (grants, loans, work-study, and tax
benefits) out of a total of $235 billion (federal aid, state aid, institutional grants, and private and employer-provided
grants). See the College Board’s Trends in College Pricing and Student Aid 2021, p. 31,
https://research.collegeboard.org/pdf/trends-college-pricing-student-aid-2021.pdf.
75 The House Committee funding distribution for ED is reflective, within a few percentage points, of the distribution
enacted in FY2021 and proposed in the FY2022 President’s budget. The only mandatory ED funding provided in the
LHHS Appropriations Act in each of these years is for Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants. This excludes any
rescissions of mandatory appropriations that are used in the appropriations process.
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Table 8. ED Appropriations Overview
(In billions of dollars)
FY2022
FY2021
FY2022
House Cmte.
FY2022
Funding
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
Discretionary
73.5
102.8
102.8

Mandatory
3.7
3.7
3.7

Total BA in the Bill
77.2
106.5
106.5

Emergency Funding (not included in above totals)

P.L. 116-260, Division Ma
82.0
—
—
—
P.L. 117-58, Division Jb
—
—
—
-0.353
Sources: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns
are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). The amounts shown for emergency
funding at the bottom of the table are based on CRS analysis of the texts of those laws. For consistency with
source materials, regular annual appropriations totals generally do not include emergency funds; instead,
emergency funds are shown separately and are in addition to the regular annual amounts. Enacted totals (“Total
BA in the Bil ”) for FY2021 do not include emergency-designated appropriations provided in Division H or M of
P.L. 116-260. For consistency with source materials, amounts in this table generally do not reflect mandatory
spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant
to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
all BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
a. The Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act (CRRSAA), included in P.L. 116-
260, provided approximately $82 bil ion for the Education Stabilization Fund.
b. Section 90007(f)(1) of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (P.L. 117-58) rescinded $353.4 mil ion of
unobligated balances previously made available for the Education Stabilization Fund.
Selected ED Highlights
The following sections highlight FY2022 appropriations for selected ED accounts and
programs.76 Table 9 tracks funding levels for major ED budget and appropriations accounts, and
selected items within those accounts.
Education for the Disadvantaged
The Education for the Disadvantaged account is the largest account related to elementary and
secondary education and has been the second largest overall within ED based on funding
provided through the annual appropriations process in recent years. Within the account, a
majority of funds are appropriated for Grants to Local Educational Agencies, authorized under
Title I-A of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), as amended by the Every
Student Succeeds Act (ESSA; P.L. 114-95). Title I-A grants provide supplementary educational

76 ED budget materials can be found at https://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/focus/performance.html.
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and related services to low-achieving and other students attending elementary and secondary
schools with relatively high concentrations of students from low-income families, as well as
eligible students who live in the areas served by these public schools but attend private schools.77
The House committee bill would provide $36.8 billion for the Education for the Disadvantaged
account, which would represent a 113.4% increase compared to the enacted FY2021 level of
$17.2 billion. Of the $36.8 billion, $36.0 billion would be provided for Title I-A grants. The
President’s budget would provide $37.2 billion for the Education for the Disadvantaged account,
of which $16.5 billion would be designated for Title I-A grants. Of the remaining funds, $20.0
billion would be provided for a new Title I Equity Grants program proposed in the President’s
budget. According to the President’s budget, the new program would be intended to “help address
long-standing funding disparities between under-resourced school districts and their wealthier
counterparts and provide critical new support to advance the President’s commitments to ensure
teachers at Title I schools are paid competitively, ensure equitable access to rigorous curriculum,
expand access to pre-kindergarten and provide meaningful incentives to examine and address
inequalities in school funding systems.”78 (Although the House committee report expressed
support for the equity-related goals in the President’s proposals for this account, it did not set
aside funds for this program.79)
Safe Schools and Citizenship Education
The House committee bill would provide $1.67 billion for the Safe Schools and Citizenship
Education account, which would represent a 667.7% increase compared to the enacted FY2021
level of $217 million. The President’s budget would provide $1.65 billion for the account. The
Safe Schools and Citizenship Education account includes several programs authorized under Title
IV-F of the ESEA, as amended: Promise Neighborhoods; Full-Service Community Schools; and
School Safety National Activities, including Project Prevent and Project SERV.
Of the amount provided in this account for School Safety National Activities ($1.1 billion), both
the House committee bill and the President’s budget would designate the majority ($1.0 billion)
for school-based mental health services. The House committee bill would evenly divide this $1
billion in funding between the Mental Health Services Professional Demonstration Grants
program, which was first funded by the FY2019 LHHS omnibus, and the School-Based Mental
Health Services Grant program, which was first funded by the FY2020 LHHS omnibus. Both
programs are intended to increase the number of qualified mental health service providers in
schools.80

77 Although Title I-A funds are used to serve eligible private school students, funds remain under the control of public
school authorities (i.e., they are not transferred to private schools).
78 Budget of the Unites States Government, Fiscal Year 2022, Appendix, p. 336, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/
BUDGET-2022-APP/pdf/BUDGET-2022-APP.pdf#page=340.
79 H.Rept. 117-96, p. 262.
80 The FY2022 President’s budget proposes to establish a new School-Based Health Professionals program, within the
School Improvement Programs account, that would provide formula grants to support increasing the number of health
professionals—including school counselors, nurses, school psychologists, and social workers—at public schools. To
aid comparability between the President’s budget and the House committee bill, this proposal is reflected in the Safe
Schools and Citizenship Education account in this report.
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Higher Education
The House committee bill would provide $3.4 billion in discretionary funding for the Higher
Education account, which would be an increase of 35.0% compared to the FY2021 appropriation
level of $2.5 billion. The President’s budget would provide $3.3 billion in discretionary funding,
which would be a 30.2% increase over FY2021 funding. The Higher Education account includes
numerous grant programs to support postsecondary education authorized under the Higher
Education Act of 1965, as amended, and other authorizing statutes. Activities funded under the
Higher Education account include aid for institutional development (e.g., grants for minority-
serving institutions), other aid for institutions, and assistance for students, among others.
The largest activity funded under the account is the set of discretionary grant programs—
collectively known as the TRIO programs—designed to assist qualified individuals from
disadvantaged backgrounds with preparing for and completing postsecondary education.81 The
House committee report and the President’s budget propose $1.3 billion for the Federal TRIO
programs, compared to $1.1 billion provided for FY2021 (+18.3%). For Aid for Institutional
Development, the House committee report and the President’s budget propose $1.1 billion,
compared to an FY2021 level of $789 million (+43.7%).
Table 9. Detailed ED Appropriations
(In millions of dollars)
FY2022
House
FY2021
FY2022
Cmte.
FY2022
Account and Selected Program
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
Education for the Disadvantageda
17,227
37,247
36,757

Grants to Local Educational Agencies
16,537
16,537
36,037

Comprehensive Literacy Development Grants
192
192
192

Impact Aid
1,501
1,541
1,552

School Improvement Programs
5,444
5,533
5,804

Supporting Effective Instruction State Grants
2,143
2,149
2,293

21st Century Community Learning Centers
1,260
1,310
1,360

Student Support and Academic Enrichment Grants
1,220
1,220
1,305

Indian Education
181
186
188

Innovation and Improvement
1,114
1,284
1,385

Safe Schools and Citizenship Education
217
1,650
1,666

School Safety National Activitiesb
106
1,116
1,177

English Language Acquisition
797
917
1,000

Special Education
14,071
17,193
17,200

Part B—Assistance for Education of all Children with
13,335
16,040
16,040

Disabilitiesc
Part C—Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities
481,850
731,850
731,850

81 Originally, in 1965, there were three such programs—Upward Bound, Student Support Services, and Talent
Search—that provided a range of student support services, thus the name TRIO. Subsequent legislation authorized
additional programs with a similar purpose, but the TRIO name remains.
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FY2022
House
FY2021
FY2022
Cmte.
FY2022
Account and Selected Program
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
Rehabilitation Services
3,814
3,895
3,897

Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants (mandatory)
3,675
3,719
3,719

Special Institutions for Persons with Disabilities
256
265
265

Career, Technical, and Adult Education
2,031
2,184
2,239

Career and Technical Education
1,342
1,470
1,500

Student Financial Assistance
24,545
27,545
27,187

Pell maximum grant (non-add)
5,435
5,835
5,835

Federal Pell Grant Program
22,475
25,475
24,725

Federal Direct Student Loan Program Account
50
25
25

Student Aid Administration
1,854
2,054
2,054

Higher Education
2,542
3,309
3,431

Aid for Institutional Development
789
1,134
1,134

Federal TRIO Programs
1,097
1,298
1,298

Howard University
251
261
411

College Housing & Academic Facilities Loansd
0
0
0

HBCU Capital Financing Program Account
48
20
24

Institute of Education Sciences
642
737
762

Departmental Management
624
694
694

Total, ED BA in the Bill
77,212
106,542
106,542

Subtotal, Mandatory
3,675
3,719
3,719

Subtotal, Discretionary
73,537
102,823
102,823

Emergency Funding (not included in above totals)

P.L. 116-260, Division M
82,000
—
—
—
P.L. 117-58, Division J
—
—
—
-353
Memoranda (non-emergency funds only)

Total, BA Available in Fiscal Year (current year from
77,212
106,542
106,542
any bil )

Total, BA Advances for Future Years (provided in
22,597
22,597
22,597
current bil )

Total, BA Advances from Prior Years (for use in
22,597
22,597
22,597
current year)e
Sources: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns
are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). The amounts shown for emergency
funding at the bottom of the table are based on CRS analysis of the texts of those laws. For consistency with
source materials, regular annual appropriations totals generally do not include emergency funds; instead,
emergency funds are shown separately and are in addition to the regular annual amounts. For consistency with
source materials, amounts in this table generally do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where
applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
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Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
all BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
Non-add amounts are displayed in italics and parentheses; these amounts are not part of the appropriations
totals.
a. The FY2022 Request amount for the Education for the Disadvantaged account includes $20 bil ion for a
new Title I Equity Grants program proposed in the President’s budget. The House committee bil would not
include a new Title I Equity Grants program, but it would provide $19.5 bil ion more than the FY2022
Request amount for existing Grants to Local Educational Agencies.
b. The FY2022 President’s budget proposes to establish a new School-Based Health Professionals program,
within the School Improvement Programs account, that would provide formula grants to support increasing
the number of health professionals—including school counselors, nurses, school psychologists, and social
workers—at public schools. To aid comparability between the President’s budget and the House committee
bil , this proposal is reflected in the Safe Schools and Citizenship Education account in this report.
c. Includes Grants to States Part B and Preschool Grants.
d. Actual amount for Col ege Housing & Academic Facilities Loans is $435,000 in each column, which rounds
to $0 in mil ions (the unit of measure used in this table).
e. FY2022 advance appropriations enacted in prior fiscal years are listed in the FY2022 Request and FY2022
House Cmte. columns.
Related Agencies
Note that all amounts in this section are based on regular LHHS appropriations only; they do not
include funds provided outside of the annual appropriations process (e.g., mandatory
appropriations for Social Security benefit payments). All amounts in this section are rounded to
the nearest million or billion (as labeled). The dollar changes and percentage changes in the text
are based on unrounded amounts. For consistency with source materials, amounts do not reflect
sequestration or re-estimates of mandatory spending programs, where applicable.
FY2022 Related Agencies Appropriations Overview
Table 10 displays FY2022 proposed funding levels for LHHS related agencies, along with
FY2021 enacted levels. Note that the totals in this table do not include emergency-designated
appropriations. Those amounts are generally displayed separately, along with the law in which
they were enacted, at the bottom of the table and are in addition to regular appropriations.
However, no such appropriations were enacted for the related agencies in FY2021 or FY2022.
In general, discretionary funding constitutes about 20% of total appropriations for LHHS-related
agencies each year. Compared to FY2021, discretionary appropriations for related agencies would
be increased in both proposals. The House committee bill would increase them by 9.8% and the
President’s budget by 9.0%.
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Table 10. Related Agencies Appropriations Overview
(In billions of dollars)
FY2022
FY2021
FY2022
House Cmte.
FY2022
Funding
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
Discretionary
15.5
16.9
17.0

Mandatory
55.3
57.0
57.0

Total BA in the Bill
70.8
73.8
74.0
Emergency Funding (not included in above totals)
—
—
—

Sources: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns
are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). For consistency with source materials,
amounts in this table generally do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they
reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
all BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
The largest share of funding appropriated to related agencies in the LHHS bill consistently goes
to the SSA. When taking into account both mandatory and discretionary funding, SSA usually
represents roughly 97% of total appropriations to related agencies in the LHHS bill. The bulk of
mandatory funding provided to SSA from the LHHS bill supports the Supplemental Security
Income (SSI) program, which provides means-tested cash assistance to disabled adults and
children and to seniors aged 65 or older.
When looking exclusively at discretionary funding, SSA usually receives about 84% of
discretionary appropriations for LHHS related agencies. After SSA, the next-largest related
agency in terms of appropriations is usually the Corporation for National and Community Service
(CNCS), which usually accounts for about 2% of total appropriations and 7% of discretionary
appropriations to LHHS related agencies. Typically, each of the remaining related agencies
receives less than $1 billion from the annual LHHS appropriations bill. For more information, see
Table 11.
Selected Related Agencies Highlights
The following sections highlight FY2022 appropriations issues for selected related agencies.
Table 11 tracks funding levels for these related agencies.
SSA Limitation on Administrative Expenses (LAE)
The SSA LAE account consists mainly of funds that are used by SSA to administer the Social
Security and SSI programs and to support CMS in administering portions of Medicare. The
account also contains funds that are specifically set aside for certain program integrity activities,
such as continuing disability reviews (CDRs) and SSI nonmedical redeterminations. The House
committee bill proposes $14.1 billion in discretionary funding for the LAE account for FY2022,
an increase of $1.1 billion (+8.8%) compared to the FY2021 enacted level. The President’s
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request of $14.2 billion in discretionary funding for FY2022 would provide $1.3 billion (+9.7%)
more for the LAE account than the FY2021 enacted level.
As in FY2021, the House committee bill and the President’s request would dedicate about 12% of
total funding for the LAE account to program integrity activities in FY2022. The program
integrity portion of the LAE account for FY2022 includes $273 million in base funding subject to
the committee allocations pursuant to the FY2022 budget resolution, S.Con.Res. 14, as well as
additional funding that is effectively exempt from those caps and subject to an annual limit
(adjustment funding; see Appendix A for further information). Both the House committee bill
and the President’s request would provide $1.4 billion in adjustment funding, which is the
maximum amount permitted for FY2022 under S.Con.Res. 14. Compared to the FY2021 enacted
level of nearly $1.6 billion, the House committee bill and the President’s request would both
provide $133 million (+8.4%) more in combined program integrity funding for the LAE account
for FY2022, reflecting the higher level of adjustment funding permitted for FY2022 relative to
FY2021.
Corporation for National and Community Service
The CNCS is an independent federal agency that administers a variety of national and community
service programs, such as AmeriCorps and the National Senior Volunteer Corps.82 Compared to
the FY2021 enacted level of $1.1 billion, the House committee bill would increase total
discretionary funding for CNCS by $194 million (+17.3%), while the President’s request would
increase it by $89 million (+8.0%).
National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
The NLRB is an independent board that enforces provisions in the National Labor Relations Act
(NLRA). Compared to the FY2021 enacted level of $274 million, the House committee bill
would increase total discretionary funding for NLRB by $43 million (+15.6%), while the
President’s request would increase it by $28 million (+10.1%).
Table 11. Detailed Related Agencies Appropriations
(In millions of dollars)
FY2022
House
Cmte.
FY2021
FY2022
(H.R.
FY2022
Agency, Program, Project, or Activity
Enacted
Request
4502)
Enacted
Committee for Purchase from People Who Are Blind or
11
12
12

Severely Disabled (U.S. AbilityOne Commission)
Corporation for National and Community Service
1,121
1,210
1,315

(CNCS)
Selected CNCS Programs/Initiatives:

Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA)
97
104
104

National Senior Volunteer Corps
225
245
245

AmeriCorps State and National Grants
455
501
601

82 See CRS Report RL33931, The Corporation for National and Community Service: Overview of Programs and
Funding.
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FY2022
House
Cmte.
FY2021
FY2022
(H.R.
FY2022
Agency, Program, Project, or Activity
Enacted
Request
4502)
Enacted
National Civilian Community Corps
34
38
38

National Service Trust
185
191
196

Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB)
495
495
585

Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service
49
50
50

Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission
17
18
18

Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS)
257
265
282

Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC)
13
13
13

Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission
9
9
9

(MACPAC)
National Council on Disability
3
4
4

National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)
274
302
317

National Mediation Board
14
15
16

Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission
13
15
15

Railroad Retirement Board (RRB)
147
148
153

Dual Benefits (minus tax receipts)
12
10
10

Federal Payment to RR Retirement Account (mandatory)a
0
0
0

Limitation on Administration
124
125
130

Inspector General
12
13
13

Social Security Administration (SSA)
68,329
71,293
71,172

Payments to Social Security Trust Funds (mandatory)
11
11
11

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) (mandatory)
55,282
56,982
56,982

Limitation on Administrative Expenses (LAE)
12,930
14,188
14,067

Regular LAE (incl. user fees, non-add)
11,355
12,480
12,359

Program Integrity (non-add)
1,575
1,708
1,708

Office of Inspector General
106
112
112

Total, Related Agencies BA in the Bill
70,752
73,849
73,961

Subtotal, Mandatory
55,294
56,993
56,993

Subtotal, Discretionary
15,459
16,855
16,967

Emergency Funding (not included in above totals)
—
—
—

Memoranda (non-emergency funds only)

Total, BA Available in Fiscal Year (current year from any bil )
71,022
77,839
77,861

Total, BA Advances for Future Years (provided in current bil )
20,075
16,075
16,165

Total, BA Advances from Prior Years (for use in current year)b
20,345
20,065
20,065

Sources: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns
are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
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accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). For consistency with source materials,
amounts in this table generally do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where applicable, nor do they
reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
all BA appropriated in the bil , regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior-year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bil ); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS subcommittees of the House and Senate
appropriations committees; and (4) do not include appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s.
a. The actual amount of mandatory federal payments to the Railroad Retirement account is roughly $150,000
in each column, which rounds to $0 in mil ions (the unit of measure used in this table).
b. FY2022 advance appropriations enacted in prior fiscal years are listed in the FY2022 Request and FY2022
House Cmte. columns.
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Appendix A. Budget Enforcement Activities
The framework for budget enforcement under the congressional budget process has both
procedural and statutory elements. The procedural elements are primarily associated with the
budget resolution and limit both total discretionary spending and spending under the jurisdiction
of each appropriations subcommittee. The statutory elements relevant to the LHHS bill include
the mandatory spending sequester derived from the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA; P.L. 112-
25) and the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (BBEDCA; P.L. 99-
177), as amended (most recently by the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (P.L. 117-58),
enacted on November 15, 2021.
For the decade prior to FY2022, the framework for discretionary spending budget enforcement
included statutory limits on defense and nondefense discretionary spending established by the
Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA; P.L. 112-25).83 (LHHS appropriations are classified as
nondefense spending, and the bill has the largest share of such spending compared to the other
annual appropriations bills.) The BCA statutory limits on discretionary spending expired at the
end of FY2021. This generally means that, absent the imposition of new statutory limits,
discretionary budget enforcement for FY2022 will occur via procedural means only.
BCA and Mandatory Sequestration
For deficit-reduction purposes, the BCA (as amended) requires mandatory spending reductions to
occur through sequestration in each of FY2013 through FY2031.84
On May 28, 2021, concurrent with the release of the President’s budget submission, President
Biden issued the required FY2022 sequestration order, calling for nonexempt mandatory
spending to be reduced on October 1, 2021.85 At that time, the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) estimated that the FY2022 sequestration percentages would equal 2% of nonexempt
Medicare spending and 5.7% of other nonexempt nondefense mandatory spending, for a total
reduction of $23 billion in FY2022.86 (OMB also estimated an 8.3% reduction, totaling $1.1
billion, in nonexempt defense mandatory spending, which does not affect LHHS funds.)
The BCA includes a number of statutory exemptions to sequestration and other special rules that
are relevant for the appropriated mandatory spending in the LHHS bill. For instance, the LHHS
bill contains several programs that are exempt from sequestration, including Medicaid, payments
to health care trust funds, Supplemental Security Income, Special Benefits for Disabled Coal

83 The BCA initially imposed limits on discretionary spending for each of FY2012-FY2021. Further reductions to
discretionary spending for FY2013-FY2021 were triggered when the Joint Committee on Deficit Reduction did not
report legislation to achieve a specified amount of budgetary savings.
84 As originally enacted, mandatory sequestration was scheduled to run through FY2021, but this period has
subsequently been incrementally extended to FY2030 by P.L. 113-67, P.L. 113-82, P.L. 114-74, P.L. 115-123, P.L.
116-37, P.L. 116-136, P.L. 117-58.
85 Sequestration Order for Fiscal Year 2022 Pursuant to Section 251A of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
Control Act, As Amended, Federal Register Volume 86, No. 105, June 3, 2021, p. 29927, https://www.govinfo.gov/
content/pkg/FR-2021-06-03/pdf/2021-11819.pdf.
86 OMB Report to the Congress on the BBEDCA 251A Sequestration for Fiscal Year 2022, May 28, 2021,
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/BBEDCA_251A_Sequestration_Report_FY2022.pdf. See
the report’s appendix for an itemized list of budget accounts that include mandatory spending subject to sequestration
in FY2022, the dollar amounts subject to sequestration (based on OMB’s current law baseline), the percentage by
which they would be reduced, and the dollar amount of the reduction. While the report displays reductions at the
account level, the sequester itself is implemented at the program, project, or activity level.
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Miners, retirement pay and medical benefits for commissioned Public Health Service officers,
foster care and adoption assistance, and certain family support payments. The LHHS bill also
contains several programs that are subject to special rules under sequestration, such as health
centers and portions of Medicare.87
Since FY2020, the Medicare sequestration has been temporarily suspended through a series of
laws, starting with the enactment of the CARES Act on May 1, 2020 (P.L. 116-136). The act
suspended the Medicare sequestration from May 1, 2020, through December 31, 2020.
Subsequent laws (P.L. 116-260, P.L. 117-7, and P.L. 117-71) extended this suspension through
March 31, 2022.
Budget Resolution, 302(b) Suballocations, and Exceptions to
Budget Enforcement
The procedural elements of budget enforcement generally stem from requirements under the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-44) that are associated with the adoption of an annual
budget resolution. Through this process, the Appropriations Committee in each chamber receives
a procedural limit on the total amount of discretionary budget authority for the upcoming fiscal
year, referred to as a 302(a) allocation. The Appropriations Committee subsequently divides this
allocation among its 12 subcommittees. These subcommittee-level spending limits are referred to
as 302(b) suballocations. The 302(b) suballocations restrict the amount of budget authority
available to each subcommittee for the agencies, projects, and activities under its jurisdiction,
effectively acting as a cap on each of the 12 regular appropriations bills. Enforcement of the
302(a) allocation and 302(b) suballocations occurs through points of order.
For the past several years, certain spending has been made effectively exempt from discretionary
budget enforcement (both the previously mentioned statutory spending caps and 302(a) and
302(b) limits) by a mechanism that is commonly referred to as an adjustment. An adjustment
increases the applicable spending limit to accommodate additional specified funding.
Adjustments to the 302(a) and 302(b) limits are typically specified in the budget resolution. For
FY2011-FY2021, when statutory discretionary spending limits were also in effect pursuant to the
BCA, adjustments to those statutory limits also could be made under Section 251(b) of the
BBEDCA.88 However, since those statutory limits expired, any exemptions from budget control
for LHHS programs and activities generally would be pursuant to provisions in the budget
resolution, with certain exceptions. The adjustments that apply to LHHS discretionary funding
that are currently in effect (pursuant to S.Con.Res. 14, discussed below89) are as follows:
 Emergency requirement. Funding for this adjustment is designated as being provided
for an emergency requirement. There is no criteria that would restrict the use of this
adjustment to particular accounts or activities, and no dollar limit to the amount of
appropriations each fiscal year that can be designated in this manner. For FY2022,

87 For more information, see CRS Report R42050, Budget “Sequestration” and Selected Program Exemptions and
Special Rules.
88 For further information, see CRS Report R45778, Exceptions to the Budget Control Act’s Discretionary Spending
Limits.
89 Section 4011 of S.Con.Res. 14 provided that the BCA cap adjustments (Section 251(b) of the Balanced Budget and
Emergency Deficit Control Act) would not apply to allocations established pursuant to that resolution. Although the
FY2022 adjustment for reemployment services and eligibility assessments pursuant to Section 314(g) of the
Congressional Budget Act (CBA) continues to be in effect, the limit on that adjustment in the CBA is the same as that
provided by S.Con.Res. 14 ($133 million in additional new budget authority).
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emergency-designated LHHS spending enacted as of the date of this report has totaled
$5.2 billion. (For FY2021, $156.5 billion in LHHS emergency-designated discretionary
spending was enacted, almost all of which related to COVID-19 pandemic response.90)
 Continuing disability reviews and redeterminations. Funding for this adjustment is for
the costs associated with conducting redeterminations of eligibility under title XVI of the
Social Security Act, co-operative disability investigation units, and the prosecution of
fraud in the programs and operations of the SSA by Special Assistant United States
Attorneys. For FY2022, the amount of this adjustment is limited to $1.4 billion in
additional new budget authority. However, at least $273 million must first be
appropriated for these purposes, subject to the budget resolution limits, in order for the
additional $1.4 billion adjustment to be available. (For FY2021, the amount of the
adjustment was $1.3 billion, and the amount of the amount subject the limits was $273
million.)
 Health care fraud and abuse control. Funding for this adjustment is for the health care
fraud abuse control program at CMS (in HHS). For FY2022, the amount of this
adjustment is limited to $556 million in additional new budget authority. However, at
least $317 million must first be appropriated for these purposes, subject to the budget
resolution limits, in order for the additional $556 million adjustment to be available. (For
FY2021, the amount of the adjustment was $496 million, and the amount of the amount
subject the limits was $311 million.)
 Reemployment services and eligibility assessments. Funding for this adjustment is for
a DOL program providing grants to states under section 306 of the Social Security Act for
claimants of regular compensation, as defined in such section, including those who are
profiled as most likely to exhaust their benefits. For FY2022, the amount of this
adjustment is limited to $133 million in additional new budget authority. However, at
least $117 million must first be appropriated for these purposes, subject to the budget
resolution limits, in order for the additional $133 million adjustment to be available.91
(For FY2021, the amount of the adjustment was $83 million, and the amount subject the
limits was $117 million.)
Separate from these cap adjustments, the 21st Century Cures Act (Cures Act, P.L. 114-255), which
was enacted on December 13, 2016, includes additional budget enforcement procedures related to
the discretionary spending limits.92 For the purposes of FY2022 LHHS appropriations, these
procedures apply only to the NIH Innovation Account that was created by the act.93 The Cures
Act provides that discretionary appropriations from this account (up to the amount authorized) are

90 For further information, see CRS Report R46775, Overview of COVID-19 LHHS Supplemental Appropriations:
FY2020 and FY2021.
91 Unlike the other adjustments, the reemployment services and eligibility assessments adjustment has separately been
established in Section 314(g) of the CBA, which continues to be in effect. However, the FY2022 limit on that
adjustment in the CBA is the same as that provided by the adjustment in S.Con.Res. 14 ($133 million in additional new
budget authority).
92 These procedures originally applied to two accounts within the scope of the LHHS bill that were created by the Cures
Act: the NIH Innovation Account (FY2017-FY2026) and the Account for the State Response to the Opioid Abuse
Crisis (FY2017-FY2018). These procedures have lapsed for the State Response to the Opioid Abuse Crisis account as
of the end of FY2018, but are still in effect for the NIH Innovation Account through FY2026.
93 The 21st Century Cures Act also created a non-LHHS account—the FDA Innovation Account—and made it subject
to similar budget enforcement-related provisions. For more information, see CRS Report R44720, The 21st Century
Cures Act (Division A of P.L. 114-255).
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to be subtracted from any cost estimates provided for purposes of budget controls. Thus, the
Cures Act ensures that appropriations from this account will not count against any spending
limits, such as those associated with the budget resolution. For FY2022, these Cures Act funds
allowed in the LHHS bill total $496 million.
FY2022 Budget Resolution
A FY2022 budget resolution has been agreed to by the House and the Senate. S.Con.Res. 14 was
adopted by the Senate on August 11, 2021, and by the House (without amendment) on August 24.
To provide for 302(a) allocations associated with S.Con.Res. 14, Section 4006 of the budget
resolution provided the Chair of the Senate Budget Committee the authority to enter into the
Congressional Record allocations consistent with the levels in the budget resolution. Those levels
were filed in the Senate on September 23, 2021.94 Section 4006 provided similar authority to the
Chair of the House Budget Committee and those allocations were filed on October 27, 2021.95 In
addition, S.Con.Res. 14 allowed adjustments to those allocations for emergency requirements,
health care fraud and abuse control, continuing disability reviews and redeterminations, and
reemployment services and eligibility assessments (as well as other purposes that do not apply to
LHHS). With the exception of emergency requirements, all of these adjustments are subject to
limits specified in S.Con.Res. 14.96 Neither the House nor the Senate has filed 302(b)
suballocations pursuant to the FY2022 budget resolution.
Earlier in 2021, the House provided for budget enforcement in the absence of a budget resolution
prior to initial floor consideration of the FY2022 appropriations measures by adopting a deeming
resolution, H.Res. 467, on June 14, 2021.97 This resolution provided for 302(a) allocations to the
House Appropriations Committee at a specified level, provided limits on advance
appropriations,98 and allowed adjustments to those allocations for emergency requirements, health
care fraud and abuse control, and continuing disability reviews and redeterminations (as well as
other purposes that do not apply to LHHS).99 Pursuant to this resolution, the Chair of the House
Budget Committee, Representative Yarmuth, published in the Congressional Record the House

94 “Publication of Budgetary Material,” Congressional Record, daily edition, Vol. 167, No. 165 (September 23, 2021),
pp. S6667-S6668.
95 Publication of Budgetary Material,” Congressional Record, daily edition, Vol. 167, No. 189 (October 27, 2021), pp.
H5956-H5957.
96 Section 4011 of S.Con.Res. 14 provided that the BCA cap adjustments (Section 251(b) of the Balanced Budget and
Emergency Deficit Control Act) would not apply to allocations established pursuant to that resolution. Although the
FY2022 adjustment for reemployment services and eligibility assessments pursuant to Section 314(g) of the
Congressional Budget Act (CBA) continues to be in effect, the limit on that adjustment in the CBA is the same as that
provided by S.Con.Res. 14 ($133 million in additional new budget authority).
97 For a discussion of budget enforcement through methods such as H.Res. 467, see CRS Report R44296, Deeming
Resolutions: Budget Enforcement in the Absence of a Budget Resolution.
98 Advance appropriations become available for obligation one or more fiscal years after the budget year covered by
the appropriations act. The FY2022 LHHS appropriations bill generally would contain advance appropriations for
FY2023 and FY2024 for certain programs and activities. For further information, see CRS Report R43482, Advance
Appropriations, Forward Funding, and Advance Funding: Concepts, Practice, and Budget Process Considerations.
99 H.Res. 467 further provided that the BCA cap adjustments (Section 251(b) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency
Deficit Control Act) would not apply to allocations established pursuant to that resolution. However, the adjustment for
reemployment services and eligibility assessments would continue to be in effect for FY2022 through FY2027 pursuant
to Section 314(g) of the Congressional Budget Act, subject to specified limits.
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Appropriations Committee allocations on June 24.100 The House Appropriations Committee
reported their initial 302(b) suballocations for all 12 subcommittees on July 1 (H.Rept. 117-78).101
For current-year LHHS discretionary funding, Table A-1 displays FY2021 enacted levels and the
House FY2022 initial suballocations (pursuant to H.Res. 467). The amount shown represents
current-year budget authority subject to the spending limits and takes into account any applicable
CBO scorekeeping adjustments. Under this method of estimating the bill, the House committee
suballocation would increase regular discretionary appropriations for LHHS relative to FY2021
by 36% (+$63.4 billion).
The table also displays funding for which adjustments may be made to the discretionary spending
limits under the BCA, including funding for certain LHHS program integrity activities and
emergency requirements, where applicable. The “Adjusted Appropriations” total includes this
funding.
Compliance with discretionary spending allocations is evaluated based on budget authority
available in the current fiscal year, adjusted for scorekeeping by CBO. As such, totals shown in
this table may not be comparable to other totals shown in this report. Current-year budget
authority totals exclude advance appropriations for future years, but include advance
appropriations from prior years that become available in the current year. (Advance
appropriations are provided to selected LHHS accounts, generally in order to manage specific
planning concerns and ensure continuity of operations at the start of a new fiscal year.)
Table A-1. LHHS Discretionary FY2021 Enacted Levels and FY2022 House 302(b)
Suballocations
(Budget authority in billions of dollars)
FY2022 Initial
FY2021
House 302(b) (and

Enacted
Adjustments)
Regular Discretionary Appropriations
174.073
237.466
Adjustmentsa:

Health care fraud and abuse control
0.496
0.556
Continuing disability reviews and redeterminations
1.302
1.435
Reemployment services and eligibility assessments
0.083
0.133
Emergency Requirements
156.588
—b
Adjusted Appropriations
332.542
239.590
Sources: Table prepared by CRS. The FY2021 enacted amounts are from CBO, Report on the Status of
Discretionary Appropriations, Fiscal Year 2021, House of Representatives, as of July 30, 2021, https://www.cbo.gov/
system/files?file=2021-09/FY2021-House.pdf and CRS analysis of Division H of P.L. 116-260. The FY2022 House
amount for regular discretionary appropriations is from H.Rept. 117-78. The FY2022 House amount for the
adjustments is from a CRS analysis of H.R. 4502, as reported.
Notes: It is common for suballocations to be revised over the course of the year to reflect actual action on
appropriations bil s and changes in congressional priorities. Regular appropriations reflect current-year

100 “Publication of Budgetary Material,” Congressional Record, daily edition, Vol. 167, No. 110 (June 24, 2021), p.
H3130.
101 Suballocations are commonly adjusted through the appropriations cycle to account for changing priorities. For
FY2022, the House Appropriations Committee reported revised suballocations on July 16 (H.Rept. 117-91) to
incorporate the cap adjustments where applicable, but otherwise the suballocation for the LHHS subcommittee was the
same as originally reported.
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discretionary budget authority subject to the spending limits. Adjusted appropriations include, where applicable,
discretionary funds for which special rules apply with regard to the spending limits, including certain funds for
program integrity activities. Amounts include advance appropriations enacted in prior fiscal years that first
become available in those fiscal years. Amounts do not include, where applicable, funds provided under certain
authorities in the 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255) that are effectively exempt from discretionary spending
limits. (For FY2021, these funds totaled $404 mil ion; for FY2022, these funds total $496 mil ion.) FY2021
amounts include the enacted LHHS appropriations that were designated as emergency requirements in FY2021
(Divisions H and M of P.L. 116-260, and P.L. 117-31).
a. The House initial 302(b) for LHHS (H.Rept. 117-78) did not include any adjustments to the LHHS
suballocations. These amounts are based on a CRS analysis of H.R. 4502, as reported.
b. This table does not include $5.228 bil ion in emergency-designated FY2022 LHHS annual appropriations that
have been enacted in three measures: Divisions A and C of P.L. 117-43, Division J of P.L. 117-58, and
Division B of P.L. 117-70. Total funding enacted in each of these measures was calculated based on an
analysis of the statutory text, and estimated budgetary effects in CBO Estimate for H.R. 5305, the Extending
Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act as Passed by the House of Representatives
on September 21, 2021 (https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2021-09/57491-CBO-Estimate-for-HR5305.pdf),
CBO, Senate Amendment 2137 to H.R. 3684, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, as Proposed on
August 1, 2021, Estimated Discretionary Spending Under Division J, Appropriations (https://www.cbo.gov/
system/files/2021-08/hr3684_infrastructure.pdf), and CBO Estimate for H.R. 6119, the Further Extending
Government Funding Act, as Posted on the Rules Committee Website on December 2, 2021
(https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2021-12/hr6119.pdf).
Current-Year Budget Authority
Table A-2 displays the total LHHS current-year budget authority, by title. The amounts shown in
this table reflect total budget authority available for obligation in the fiscal year, regardless of the
year in which it was first appropriated. (In other words, these amounts exclude advance
appropriations for future years, but include advance appropriations from prior years that became
available in the applicable current year.) Amounts in the FY2021 enacted column include FY2021
advance appropriations budget authority provided by the FY2019 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-94)
and FY2020 LHHS omnibus (P.L. 116-260). Similarly, the FY2022 President’s budget and House
committee columns include FY2022 advance appropriations budget authority provided by the
FY2020 and FY2021 LHHS omnibuses. (For a comparable table showing total budget authority
in the bill, rather than current-year budget authority, see Table 2 in this report.) As mentioned
above, it is current-year budget authority (adjusted for scorekeeping by CBO) that is used to
determine compliance with discretionary spending allocations.
Table A-2. LHHS Appropriations Overview, by Bill Title: FY2021-FY2022
(Current-year budget authority in billions of dollars)
FY2022
FY2021
FY2022
House Cmte.
FY2022
Bill Title
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
Title I: Labor
13.9
15.6
16.0

Discretionary
12.5
14.3
14.7

Mandatory
1.4
1.2
1.2

Title II: HHS
1,007.8
1,142.5
1,142.3

Discretionary
97.0
120.0
119.8

Mandatory
910.8
1,022.5
1,022.5

Title III: Education
77.2
106.5
106.5

Discretionary
73.5
102.8
102.8

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FY2022
FY2021
FY2022
House Cmte.
FY2022
Bill Title
Enacted
Request
(H.R. 4502)
Enacted
Mandatory
3.7
3.7
3.7

Title IV: Related Agencies
71.0
77.8
77.9

Discretionary
15.4
16.8
16.9

Mandatory
55.6
61.0
61.0

Total Current Year BAa
1,169.9
1,342.4
1,342.7

Discretionary
198.5
254.0
254.3

Mandatory
971.4
1,088.4
1,088.4

Emergency Funding (not included in above totals)

P.L. 116-260, Division H
1.6
—
—
—
P.L. 116-260, Division M
154.9
—
—
—
P.L. 117-31
0.0b
—
—
—
P.L. 117-43, Divisions A and C
—
—
—
4.2
P.L. 117-58, Division J
—
—
—
-0.3
P.L. 117-70, Division B
—
—
—
1.3
Memoranda:

Advances for Future Years (provided in current
197.6
210.7
210.8
bil )c

Advances from Prior Years (for use in current
189.0
197.6
197.6
year)c

Additional Scorekeeping Adjustmentsd
-22.5
-25.4
-14.7
Sources: Amounts in this table for the FY2021 Enacted, FY2022 Request, and FY2022 House Cmte. columns
are generally drawn from or calculated based on data contained in the committee report (H.Rept. 117-96)
accompanying the FY2022 House committee bil (H.R. 4502, as reported). The amounts shown for emergency
funding at the bottom of the table are based on CRS analysis of the texts of those laws. For consistency with
source materials, regular annual appropriations totals generally do not include emergency funds; instead,
emergency funds are shown separately and are in addition to the regular annual amounts. For consistency with
source materials, amounts in this table generally do not reflect mandatory spending sequestration, where
applicable, nor do they reflect any transfers or reprogramming of funds pursuant to executive authorities.
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add to totals due to rounding. Amounts in this table (1) reflect
current-year budget authority; (2) have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only
those funds provided (or requested) for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the LHHS
Subcommittees of the House and the Senate Committees on Appropriations; and (4) do not include
appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bil s. No amounts are shown for Title V, because this title
consists solely of general provisions.
a. Totals in this table are based on current-year budget authority, meaning budget authority that is available
for obligation in a given fiscal year, regardless of the year in which it was first appropriated (i.e., totals
exclude advance appropriations for future years, but include advance appropriations from prior years that
became available in the applicable current year).
b. P.L. 117-31 provided $25 mil ion in supplemental appropriations for the Refugee and Entrant Assistance
account at HHS for specified purposes related to Afghan special immigrants, which rounds to $0.0 in bil ions
(the unit of measure used in this table).
c. The calculation for total budget authority in the bil (rather than total budget authority available for
obligation in the current fiscal year) is as fol ows: Total Current Year BA minus Advances from Prior Years
plus Advances for Future Years. The amount for both Advances from Prior Years and Advances for Future
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Years is the combined total of mandatory and discretionary spending. FY2022 advance appropriations
enacted in prior fiscal years are listed in the FY2022 Request and FY2022 House Cmte. columns.
d. Totals in this table have generally not been adjusted for further scorekeeping. (To adjust for scorekeeping,
add this line to the total budget authority.)
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Appendix B. House Floor Amendments Offered to
Division A of H.R. 4502
The House began its initial floor consideration of FY2022 LHHS appropriations on July 27, 2021.
Those appropriations were initially considered on the floor as part of a consolidated
appropriations package and passed the House (219-208), as amended, on July 29, 2021 (Division
A of H.R. 4502). This package would have provided appropriations for six other appropriations
acts in addition to LHHS: Agriculture and Rural Development, Energy and Water Development,
Financial Services and General Government, Interior and Environment, Military Construction and
Veterans Affairs, and Transportation and Housing and Urban Development. LHHS amendments
were to Division A of what was to be the base text for amendment (Rules Committee Print 117-
12, as amended by H.Res. 555).
Floor action on H.R. 4502 was regulated by the terms of a special rule (H.Res. 555) that made in
order 56 amendments to the LHHS title of the bill.102 This rule also provided the authority for the
chair of the Appropriations Committee or her designee to offer any of the amendments made in
order en bloc (i.e., in groups of amendments to be disposed of together).103 All but two LHHS
amendments were considered in this manner.104 When counted as 56 separate amendments, 47
were adopted and 9 were rejected.
All of the amendments that were offered and their dispositions are listed in Table B-1 below. The
summary of each amendment is as published in H.Rept. 117-109, the Rules Committee report
accompanying H.Res. 555.
Table B-1. LHHS House Floor Amendments Offered to H.R. 4502
En
Bloc
Amdt. No. and Summary from the Rules Committee
No.
Disposition
1. Scott, David (GA): Increases and decreases funds in the Workforce Innovation and
2
Adopted,
Opportunity Act (WIOA) program by $1,000,000 with the intent of supporting the
220-203
Secretary in carrying out activities that expand the national apprenticeship system for
recruitment, employment, and on-the-job earn-as-you-learn training of young African
Americans. (10 minutes)
2. Spanberger (VA), McKinley (WV): Increases and decreases HRSA’s Office of
3
Adopted,
Pharmacy Affairs by $1,000,000 to highlight the need to protect the integrity of the
voice vote
340B program by halting pharmaceutical manufacturers' unlawful actions that have
resulted in overcharges to 340B covered entities. (10 minutes)
3. Speier (CA), Kuster (NH), Pressley (MA), Moore (WI), Garcia, Sylvia (TX), Maloney,
2
Adopted,
Carolyn (NY), Escobar (TX), Slotkin (MI): Prohibits the use of funds to implement or
220-203
enforce sections of former Secretary DeVos's Title IX rule. (10 minutes)

102 For a list of these LHHS amendments (numbered 1-56) and the text of each that was made in order, see pages 8-13
and 30-38 of H.Rept. 117-109.
103 For further information about en bloc authority in the context of House floor consideration of appropriations
measures, see CRS Report R46841, Changes in the House of Representatives’ Initial Consideration of Regular
Appropriations Measures, 113th-116th Congresses.
104 For the en bloc amendments proposing changes to the LHHS division of the bill, see consideration of amendments
en bloc nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 in Congressional Record, daily edition, Vol. 167, No. 131 (July 27, 2021), pp. H4055-
H4073.
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En
Bloc
Amdt. No. and Summary from the Rules Committee
No.
Disposition
4. Welch (VT), McKinley (WV), Moore (WI), Garbarino (NY), Dean (PA): Increases
2
Adopted,
funding for the Low Income Housing Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) by
220-203
$10,000,000 offset by a reduction to Office of the Secretary - General Departmental
Management. (10 minutes)
5. Axne (IA), Schrier (WA), Malinowski (NJ): Provides $5 mil ion for community
2
Adopted,
col eges who provide training programs to dislocated workers, including those who lost
220-203
work due to COVID-19. (10 minutes)
6. Buchanan (FL): Transfers $2,000,000 from Office of the Secretary - General
3
Adopted,
Departmental Management to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration
voice vote
to increase available grants to prevent prescription drug/opioid overdoses. (10 minutes)
7. Burgess (TX): Increases and decreases by $10,000,000 for the Director of the
3
Adopted,
National Institutes of Health Office for Acute Flaccid Myelitis Research. (10 minutes)
voice vote
8. Burgess (TX), Spanberger (VA): Transfers $5 mil ion from the Health Resources and
3
Adopted,
Services Administration, Program Support to fund the Rural Health, Project ECHO
voice vote
telehealth mentoring model, to improve health workforce capacity in underserved
areas. (10 minutes)
9. Bush, Cori (MO), Pressley (MA), Schakowsky (IL), Jayapal (WA): Increases and
2
Adopted,
decreases funding by $1 mil ion in the SAMHSA account to highlight the need for a
220-203
GAO study on alternative and non-punitive behavioral health crisis response programs
to determine the effectiveness of such programs in improving public health and public
safety. (10 minutes)
10. Bush, Cori (MO): Increases funding by $5 mil ion for Health Centers account to
2
Adopted,
provide health care services, including COVID-19 testing and vaccine outreach, to the
220-203
unhoused community. Reduces funding for the Office of the Secretary, General
Departmental Management by the same amount. (10 minutes)
11. Castor (FL): Increase and decrease funding in the Innovation and Improvement
2
Adopted,
account by $1 mil ion to encourage the Department of Education to conduct proper
220-203
oversight of for-profit charter schools to ensure they are supporting students adhering
to federal civil rights laws. (10 minutes)
12. DeSaulnier (CA): Increases funding for Statewide Family Engagement Centers at the
2
Adopted,
Department of Education by $1 mil ion offset by a reduction to Departmental
220-203
Management - Program Administration. (10 minutes)
13. Escobar (TX): Increases and decreases funding for the U.S. Mexico Border Health
2
Adopted,
Commission to emphasize the need for a binational COVID-19 vaccination plan for
220-203
border communities. (10 minutes)
14. Escobar (TX): Increases funding for the Department of Civil Rights at the
2
Adopted,
Department of Education to support economically disadvantaged communities.
220-203
Decreases funding for Departmental Management - Program Administration. (10
minutes)
15. Escobar (TX): Increases and decreases the Department of Education's Education for
2
Adopted,
the Disadvantaged account by $1 mil ion to make clear that States must disburse all
220-203
funds under this division in accordance with Congressional intent and not for purposes
not otherwise outlined in the corresponding report and bil text. (10 minutes)
16. Foxx (NC), Fulcher (ID): Prohibits funds from being used to rescind the
4
Rejected,
Department of Labor's December 9, 2020, final rule titled “Implementing Legal
192-232
Requirements Regarding the Equal Opportunity Clause's Religious Exemption" relating
to federal contractors. (10 minutes)
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En
Bloc
Amdt. No. and Summary from the Rules Committee
No.
Disposition
17. Gomez (CA): Increases and decreases by $5 mil ion in order to highlight the need
2
Adopted,
to improve access to life-saving cancer screenings in primary health centers to address
220-203
disproportionate cancer outcomes in underserved communities, particularly
communities of color. (10 minutes)
18. Gomez (CA): Increases and decreases by $1 mil ion to improve awareness and
2
Adopted,
implementation of language access services consistent with standards set by the Office
220-203
of Minority Health’s Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health Care
program so that patients with limited English-language proficiency have access to
equitable healthcare services. (10 minutes)
19. Gomez (CA), Takano (CA), Lowenthal (CA): Increases and decreases funding in the
2
Adopted,
Strengthening Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving-Institutions
220-203
(AANAPISI) program by $10,000,000 to highlight this Minority-Serving Institution
program that provides competitive grants to eligible col eges and universities that serve
a considerable number of Asian American and Pacific Islander students. The AANAPISI
program provides equitable access to education, promotes opportunities for success,
and aids institutions in being able to understand and respond to the unique challenges
faced by Asian American and Pacific Islander students today. (10 minutes)
20. Gottheimer (NJ): Increases and decreases funds by $1,000,000 in the Centers For
3
Adopted,
Disease Control And Prevention Environmental Health account to emphasize the
voice vote
importance of every child having access to drinking water at school that’s free of lead
and dangerous materials. (10 minutes)
21. Gottheimer (NJ): Increases and decreases funds by $1,000,000 in the National
3
Adopted,
Institutes of Health's Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
voice vote
account to emphasize the importance of SAMHSA focusing efforts to address COVID-
linked substance abuse and mental health issues among children and young adults. (10
minutes)
22. Grothman (WI): Reduces the Higher Education funding by $122,000,000 to meet
4
Rejected,
the President's budget request. (10 minutes)
192-232
23. Hern (OK): Reduces spending in this division by 20 percent. Exempts security
1
Rejected,
funding. (10 minutes)
154-264
24. Issa (CA), Harshbarger (TN), Guthrie (KY), Womack (AR), Kim, Young (CA), Steel,
4
Rejected,
Michelle (CA): Strikes the language prohibiting the implementation of the Industry
192-232
Recognized Apprenticeship Program (IRAP) final rule. (10 minutes)
25. Jackson Lee (TX): Increases and decreases funds by $10,000,000 to support greater
2
Adopted,
diversity in the pool of diabetes research professionals and patients participating in
220-203
clinical trials. (10 minutes)
26. Jackson Lee (TX): Increases and decreases funds by $10,000,000 with the intent of
2
Adopted,
supporting programs that provide outreach and support services targeting program
220-203
participants at greatest risk of not completing a col ege degree due to COVID-19
education disruption. (10 minutes)
27. Langevin (RI), Bass (CA): Increases the Children and Families Services Programs
3
Adopted,
account by $3,900,000 and decrease the HHS General Departmental Management
voice vote
account by $3,900,000. (10 minutes)
28. Lesko (AZ): Strikes section 241 which prohibits funding to any organization,
4
Rejected,
including under the Child Welfare or Federal Foster Care programs under parts B or E
192-232
of title IV of the Social Security Act, that does not comply with paragraphs (c) and (d) of
section 75.300 of title 45, Code of Federal Regulations prohibiting discrimination on the
basis of age, disability, sex, race, color, national origin, religion, gender identity, or
sexual orientation. (10 minutes)
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En
Bloc
Amdt. No. and Summary from the Rules Committee
No.
Disposition
29. Lesko (AZ): Strikes language that allows federal funding to go to institutions of
N/A
Rejected,
higher education that are conducting research on marijuana. (10 minutes)
147-276
30. Levin, Andy (MI): Increases and decreases by $1 mil ion for BLS funding with the
2
Adopted,
intent that the funds go towards the agency reevaluating its unemployment survey
220-203
methods, particularly in how it measures unemployment in historically marginalized and
discriminated populations. (10 minutes)
31. Levin, Andy (MI): Increases and decreases by $1 mil ion for ILAB funding with the
2
Adopted,
intent that the funds support workers’ rights and capacity to organize independent
220-203
unions in Mexico. (10 minutes)
32. Lynch (MA): Provides an increase of $2 Mil ion to Community Health Centers and
3
Adopted,
decreases funding for Office of the Secretary - General Departmental Management by
voice vote
the same amount. (10 minutes)
33. McKinley (WV), Tonko (NY), Blunt Rochester (DE), Spanberger (VA), Van Drew
3
Adopted,
(NJ): Increases funds in the Substance Abuse Prevention program by $2,500,000 with
voice vote
the intent of supporting prescription drug monitoring programs pilot program to test
the feasibility and outcomes of integrating a substance use disorder and behavioral
health treatment locator tool into the prescription drug monitoring programs of 5
eligible States. Offset by spending from the Office of the Secretary. (10 minutes)
34. Mil er (WV), Pappas (NH), McKinley (WV): Increases funding for Neonatal
3
Adopted,
Abstinence Syndrome research by $1,000,000 offset by spending from the Office of the
voice vote
Secretary. (10 minutes)
35. Neguse (CO): Increases funding for the School-Based Mental Health Services Grant
2
Adopted,
Program by $2 mil ion. Decreases Departmental Management - Program Administration
220-203
by $2 mil ion. (10 minutes)
36. Ocasio-Cortez (NY): Allows United States researchers to study and examine the
N/A
Rejected,
potential impacts of several schedule I drugs, such as MDMA, psilocybin, and or
140-285
ibogaine, that have been shown to be effective in treating critical diseases. (10 minutes)
37. Perry (PA): Strikes funding for electric vehicles and a provision on electric vehicle
4
Rejected,
chargers. (10 minutes)
192-232
38. Pressley (MA), Bush, Cori (MO), Watson Coleman (NJ), Bowman (NY), Omar
2
Adopted,
(MN): Increases and decreases $500,000 from the Safe Schools and Citizenship
220-203
Education account to direct the GAO to study the impacts of exclusionary discipline
practices in K-12 remote education settings over the course of the COVID-19
pandemic including the ways in which these practices contributed to learning loss,
negative mental health outcomes, and student involvement in criminal and child welfare
systems, among other impacts. (10 minutes)
39. Rice, Kathleen (NY), Fitzpatrick (PA), Schrader (OR), Salazar (FL), Norton (DC),
3
Adopted,
Cooper (TN), Posey (FL), Titus (NV), Upton (MI), Malliotakis (NY), Cohen (TN), Estes
voice vote
(KS), Gooden (TX): Increases and decreases funding for CDC's Emerging Zoonotic and
Infectious Disease account with the intent of preventing the reintroduction of canine
rabies virus variant into the United States and supporting CDC modernizing and ful y
operating its dog import program. (10 minutes)
40. Ross (NC): Increases and decreases funding for the Institute of Education Sciences
2
Adopted,
(IES) by $1 mil ion to instruct IES to conduct a study on obstacles pregnant and
220-203
parenting students face in the pursuit of education and recommendations for improving
educational outcomes, including graduation rates, for these students. (10 minutes)
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2022 Appropriations

En
Bloc
Amdt. No. and Summary from the Rules Committee
No.
Disposition
41. Schweikert (AZ): Increases funding for the National Institute of Diabetes and
3
Adopted,
Digestive and Kidney Diseases by $1 mil ion with the intent these funds be used to fund
voice vote
a multicenter research consortium on Type II diabetes cures. Offsets the increase with
a decrease in funding of $1 mil ion from the General Departmental Management
account under the Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services. (10 minutes)
42. Schweikert (AZ): Increases funding by $2 mil ion for the CDC’s Emerging Zoonotic
3
Adopted,
and Infectious Disease account with the intention that these funds be used for
voice vote
Coccidioidomycosis and other fungal diseases. Offsets the increase with a decrease in
funding of $2 mil ion from the General Departmental Management account under the
Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services. (10 minutes)
43. Schweikert (AZ): Increases and decreases funding in Health Surveillance and
3
Adopted,
Program Support by $1,000,000 to express the intent that additional funding for the
voice vote
Mental Health Administration be used for research on medication adherence
technology. (10 minutes)
44. Schweikert (AZ): Increases and decreases funding for the Department of Health and
3
Adopted,
Human Services Office of Inspector General under the Center for Medicare and
voice vote
Medicaid Services program by $1,000,000 to express the intent that Medicare focus on
using artificial intelligence and other technology to promote cleans claims creation and
processing to combat improper payments, fraud, waste, and abuse. (10 minutes)
45. Sherril (NJ): Increases and decreases funds by $20,000,000 to highlight the need for
2
Adopted,
the Mental and Substance Use Disorder Workforce Training Demonstration Program
220-203
under HRSA Health Workforce. (10 minutes)
46. Sherril (NJ): Increases and decreases the National Institute of Mental health budget
3
Adopted,
by $5,000,000 with the intent to address youth mental health disparities. (10 minutes)
voice vote
47. Slotkin (MI): Increase the DOL Registered Apprenticeship budget by $1 mil ion for
3
Adopted,
the purpose of improving coordination between DOL and VA to ensure that registered
voice vote
apprenticeships are approved by VA for GI Bil benefits. Offsets the amendment with a
$1 mil ion decrease in funds from the Program Administration account. (10 minutes)
48. Slotkin (MI): Increases and decreases the funding for Strategic National Stockpile by
3
Adopted,
$10 mil ion to emphasize the importance of working with the commercial sector to
voice vote
enhance medical supply chain flexibility and maintain domestic reserves of critical
medical supplies. (10 minutes)
49. Slotkin (MI): Increases and decreases by $10,000,000 the Child Care and
2
Adopted,
Development Block Grant (CCDBG) account to ensure that we stil have accessible,
220-203
quality child care for working families. (10 minutes)
50. Smith, Christopher (NJ), Delgado (NY), Fitzpatrick (PA), Posey (FL), Gottheimer
3
Adopted,
(NJ), Malinowski (NJ): Redirects $3 mil ion from CDC-Wide Activities and Program
voice vote
Support to CDC’s Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases account for Lyme disease
research and surveillance. (10 minutes)
51. Smith, Christopher (NJ), Delgado (NY), Fitzpatrick (PA), Posey (FL), Gottheimer
3
Adopted,
(NJ), Malinowski (NJ): Decreases and then increases funding for the HHS Office of the
voice vote
Secretary by $5 mil ion to express the intent that HHS use the $5 mil ion for their
recently announced LymeX Innovation Accelerator. (10 minutes)
52. Smith, Christopher (NJ), Doyle (PA): Redirects $10 mil ion from HHS Office of the
3
Adopted,
Secretary to CDC’s Birth Defects, Developmental Disabilities, Disabilities and Health
voice vote
account. This $10 mil ion increase would allow CDC to expand their Autism
Developmental Disability Monitoring (ADDM) Network to nine additional sites, as well
as enhance six of the existing sites by fol owing-up with 16 year-olds who were
identified as autistic by 8 years-old. (10 minutes)
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2022 Appropriations

En
Bloc
Amdt. No. and Summary from the Rules Committee
No.
Disposition
53. Spanberger (VA), Johnson, Dusty (SD), Meuser (PA): Increases and decreases funds
3
Adopted,
by $5 mil ion to highlight the need for additional funding for the Telehealth Resource
voice vote
Center program. (10 minutes)
54. Stevens (MI): Increases and decreases funding for injury prevention and control at
2
Adopted,
the Department of Health and Human Services by $25 mil ion to emphasize the intent
220-203
that additional funding be used for research on federal firearm injury and mortality
prevention research. (10 minutes)
55. Walberg (MI): Brings the Office of Labor-Management Standards funding in line with
4
Rejected,
the President’s request. Currently the House Appropriations bil provides level funding
192-232
for OLMS. The Amendment would increase the funding by $7,117,000 and decrease
funding for Wage and Hour Division by the same amount. (10 minutes)
56. Wild (PA): Invests $2 mil ion in additional funding for the National Cancer Institute,
3
Adopted,
for the purposes of enhancing pediatric cancer research. Specifically, funds would enable
voice vote
NCI's Childhood Cancer Data Initiative to incorporate molecular tumor board data
into its work. Offset by a reduction to Office of the Secretary - General Departmental
Management. (10 minutes)
Sources: The amendment numbers and summaries are from pages 8-13 and 30-38 of H.Rept. 117-109. En bloc
amendment numbers and the disposition of all amendments is from Congressional Record, daily edition, Vol. 167,
No. 131 (July 27, 2021).

Author Information

Jessica Tollestrup, Coordinator
William R. Morton
Specialist in Social Policy
Analyst in Income Security

Karen E. Lynch, Coordinator
Angela Napili
Specialist in Social Policy
Senior Research Librarian

David H. Bradley
Kavya Sekar
Specialist in Labor Economics
Analyst in Health Policy

Ada S. Cornell
Kyle D. Shohfi
Senior Research Librarian
Analyst in Education Policy

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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2022 Appropriations

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