{
  "id": "RL34565",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "RL34565",
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  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
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      "id": 390888,
      "date": "2011-09-26",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-06T21:58:56.542336",
      "title": "National Security Professionals and Interagency Reform: Proposals, Recent Experience, and Issues for Congress",
      "summary": "There is a growing consensus among many practitioners and scholars, across the political spectrum, broadly in favor of reforming the U.S. government interagency system to encourage a more effective application of all elements of national power. The reform debates have included proposals and initiatives to establish and foster an interagency community of national security professionals (NSPs) from all relevant departments and agencies. According to proponents, NSPs, through participating in activities that might include shared educational and training opportunities, and rotational tours in other agencies, would gain a better understanding of the mandates, capabilities, and cultures of other agencies. They would become better prepared to plan national security missions with counterparts from other agencies and to execute those missions at home and abroad, and eventually become better able to oversee their own agencies\u2019 efforts from leadership positions. \nSuch recommendations are not new, but real-world events over the past decade\u2014 the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and U.S. government responses to natural disasters at home, including Hurricane Katrina\u2014gave the debates a greater sense of urgency by underscoring room for improvement in the ability of the U.S. government to integrate the various components of its efforts. \nCongressional interest has emerged in both houses, on both sides of the aisle, and from multiple committees. That interest was manifested in part by the introduction of NSP-related legislation in the 110th, 111th, and 112th Congresses. \nIn the executive branch, in 2007, the Bush Administration launched the National Security Professional Development (NSPD) program, based on the three pillars of education, training, and rotational service. The program included an oversight structure and participation by multiple agencies, including many not traditionally focused on national security. In 2011, the Obama Administration reinvigorated the NSPD program, giving it a streamlined new emphasis on accomplishing missions, and adopting Emergency Management as the initial focus area.\nThis report focuses primarily on analyzing key issues that Members of Congress may wish to consider in evaluating existing or proposed NSP initiatives, including the fundamental purpose; the concept of integration; the scope of participation; practical modalities for making the program work; the role of centralized oversight; incentive structures for individuals and agencies; recruiting; and congressional oversight. For context, the report also describes early NSP proposals; U.S. government strategic guidance; the experiences of the NSPD program to date; and significant congressional initiatives. It makes illustrative use of the military\u2019s Joint Qualification System, perhaps the closest U.S. government analogue.",
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      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "IBCList",
          "id": 3153,
          "name": "Defense Strategy, Military Operations, and Force Structure"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc463215/",
      "id": "RL34565_2008Jul08",
      "date": "2008-07-08",
      "retrieved": "2014-12-05T09:57:41",
      "title": "Building an Interagency Cadre of National Security Professionals: Proposals, Recent Experience, and Issues for Congress",
      "summary": "This report highlights key past proposals for the establishment of an interagency cadre of national security professionals, including their rationales; describes and assesses the emergence and operations to date of the Administration's National Security Professional Development (NSPD) program; and raises a series of issues that might help inform congressional debates about a possible permanent interagency cadre requirement.",
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      "typeId": "REPORT",
      "active": false,
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      ],
      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "National security",
          "name": "National security"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Congressional committees",
          "name": "Congressional committees"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Executive departments",
          "name": "Executive departments"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Congressional reorganization",
          "name": "Congressional reorganization"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "African Affairs",
    "Foreign Affairs",
    "Intelligence and National Security",
    "National Defense"
  ]
}