{ "id": "RL34318", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "number": "RL34318", "active": true, "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 587682, "date": "2016-09-27", "retrieved": "2020-01-02T15:21:09.314921", "title": "Housing for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS", "summary": "Since the beginning of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in the early 1980s, many individuals living with the disease have had difficulty finding affordable, stable housing. In the earlier years of the epidemic, as individuals became ill, they found themselves unable to work, while at the same time facing health care expenses that left few resources to pay for housing. In more recent years, HIV and AIDS have become more prevalent among low income populations who struggled to afford housing even before being diagnosed with the disease. The financial vulnerability associated with AIDS, as well as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS, results in a greater likelihood of homelessness among persons living with the disease. At the same time, those who are homeless may be more likely to engage in activities through which they could acquire or transmit HIV. Further, recent research has indicated that individuals living with HIV who live in stable housing have better health outcomes than those who are homeless or unstably housed, and that they spend fewer days in hospitals and emergency rooms. \nCongress recognized the housing needs of persons living with HIV/AIDS when it approved the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program in 1990 as part of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (P.L. 101-625). The HOPWA program, administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), funds short-term and permanent housing, together with supportive services, for individuals living with HIV/AIDS and their families. In addition, a small portion of funds appropriated through the Ryan White HIV/AIDS program, administered by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), may be used to fund short-term housing for those living with HIV/AIDS.\nIn FY2016, Congress appropriated $335 million for HOPWA as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act (P.L. 114-113). This was $5 million more than was appropriated in FY2015, and equaled the peak HOPWA funding level of $335 million in FY2010. Prior to FY2010, the most that had been appropriated for HOPWA was $310 million in FY2009. HUD awards 90% of appropriated funds based on a formula and the remaining 10% is distributed through a grant competition. Funds are used primarily for housing activities, although grant recipients must provide supportive services to those persons residing in HOPWA-funded housing. In FY2015, almost 55,000 households received housing assistance through HOPWA, a decrease compared to the previous years. See Table 1 for funding levels and households served since FY2001. The Appendix provides the formula grants distributed to eligible states and metropolitan statistical areas from FY2007 to FY2016.\nFor years the formula used to distribute the bulk of HOPWA funds was an issue considered by both the Administration and Congress. Since the inception of HOPWA, the formula relied on cumulative cases of AIDS to distribute formula funds, a number that included those who had died but did not include living cases of HIV. Legislation to change the formula to include people living with both HIV and AIDS, but exclude those who have died, was introduced in the 114th Congress, including in FY2017 appropriations language. On July 29, 2016, Congress changed the HOPWA formula as part of the Housing Opportunity Through Modernization Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-201). Going forward, the distribution of HOPWA formula funds will be based on people living with HIV or AIDS. In addition, HUD is to account for fair market rents and poverty in delivering a portion of funding, and a hold harmless provision ensures that, through FY2021, grantees will not see their allocations decrease by 5% or more nor increase by 10% or more from the previous year.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL34318", "sha1": "15f1a1f11055a5d27767e640b926311086bef513", "filename": "files/20160927_RL34318_15f1a1f11055a5d27767e640b926311086bef513.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL34318", "sha1": "79c315eeebb08da3f768a22d36b452e97db8c7ec", "filename": "files/20160927_RL34318_79c315eeebb08da3f768a22d36b452e97db8c7ec.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4853, "name": "Housing Assistance" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 454221, "date": "2016-06-15", "retrieved": "2016-09-09T19:23:29.037031", "title": "Housing for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS", "summary": "Since the beginning of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in the early 1980s, many individuals living with the disease have had difficulty finding affordable, stable housing. In the earlier years of the epidemic, as individuals became ill, they found themselves unable to work, while at the same time facing health care expenses that left few resources to pay for housing. In more recent years, HIV and AIDS have become more prevalent among low income populations who struggled to afford housing even before being diagnosed with the disease. The financial vulnerability associated with AIDS, as well as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS, results in a greater likelihood of homelessness among persons living with the disease. At the same time, those who are homeless may be more likely to engage in activities through which they could acquire or transmit HIV. Further, recent research has indicated that individuals living with HIV who live in stable housing have better health outcomes than those who are homeless or unstably housed, and that they spend fewer days in hospitals and emergency rooms. \nCongress recognized the housing needs of persons living with HIV/AIDS when it approved the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program in 1990 as part of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (P.L. 101-625). The HOPWA program, administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), funds short-term and permanent housing, together with supportive services, for individuals living with HIV/AIDS and their families. In addition, a small portion of funds appropriated through the Ryan White HIV/AIDS program, administered by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), may be used to fund short-term housing for those living with HIV/AIDS.\nIn FY2015, Congress appropriated $330 million for HOPWA as part of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act (P.L. 113-235). This was the same level that was appropriated in FY2014, and down slightly from the peak HOPWA funding level of $335 million in FY2010. Prior to FY2010, the most that had been appropriated for HOPWA was $310 million in FY2009. HOPWA funds are distributed to states and localities through both formula and competitive grants. HUD awards 90% of appropriated funds by formula to states and eligible metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) based on population, reported cases of AIDS, and incidence of AIDS. The remaining 10% is distributed through a grant competition. Funds are used primarily for housing activities, although grant recipients must provide supportive services to those persons residing in HOPWA-funded housing. In FY2014, more than 55,000 households received housing assistance through HOPWA, a decrease compared to the previous years. See Table 1 for funding levels and households served since FY2001. The Appendix provides the formula grants distributed to eligible states and metropolitan statistical areas from FY2007 to FY2015.\nFor years the formula used to distribute the bulk of HOPWA funds has been an issue considered by both the Administration and Congress. The formula relies on cumulative cases of AIDS to distribute formula funds, a number that includes those who have died. In the 114th Congress, both the House and the Senate appropriations committees noted the need to update the formula. The House Appropriations Committee Report to accompany the FY2017 HUD funding bill (H.R. 5394) encouraged HUD to work with the authorizing committees to modernize the HOPWA formula. The Senate-passed version of the FY2017 appropriations bill (H.R. 2577) would follow the Administration\u2019s FY2017 proposal and use new formula factors: persons living with HIV, fair market rents, and poverty, together with a hold harmless provision.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL34318", "sha1": "61af0314c20d9f4deb8b1c676e04210f43d5ef11", "filename": "files/20160615_RL34318_61af0314c20d9f4deb8b1c676e04210f43d5ef11.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL34318", "sha1": "167edd4270657e46e1f749aa97da7de461d6582f", "filename": "files/20160615_RL34318_167edd4270657e46e1f749aa97da7de461d6582f.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 2201, "name": "Housing for Low-Income Individuals and Families" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 446141, "date": "2015-10-05", "retrieved": "2016-04-06T18:15:08.596676", "title": "Housing for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS", "summary": "Since the beginning of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in the early 1980s, many individuals living with the disease have had difficulty finding affordable, stable housing. In the earlier years of the epidemic, as individuals became ill, they found themselves unable to work, while at the same time facing health care expenses that left few resources to pay for housing. In more recent years, HIV and AIDS have become more prevalent among low income populations who struggled to afford housing even before being diagnosed with the disease. The financial vulnerability associated with AIDS, as well as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS, results in a greater likelihood of homelessness among persons living with the disease. At the same time, those who are homeless may be more likely to engage in activities through which they could acquire or transmit HIV. Further, recent research has indicated that individuals living with HIV who live in stable housing have better health outcomes than those who are homeless or unstably housed, and that they spend fewer days in hospitals and emergency rooms. \nCongress recognized the housing needs of persons living with HIV/AIDS when it approved the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program in 1990 as part of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (P.L. 101-625). The HOPWA program, administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), funds short-term and permanent housing, together with supportive services, for individuals living with HIV/AIDS and their families. In addition, a small portion of funds appropriated through the Ryan White HIV/AIDS program, administered by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), may be used to fund short-term housing for those living with HIV/AIDS.\nIn FY2015, Congress appropriated $330 million for HOPWA as part of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act (P.L. 113-235). This was the same level that was appropriated in FY2014, and down slightly from the peak HOPWA funding level of $335 million in FY2010. Prior to FY2010, the most that had been appropriated for HOPWA was $310 million in FY2009. HOPWA funds are distributed to states and localities through both formula and competitive grants. HUD awards 90% of appropriated funds by formula to states and eligible metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) based on population, reported cases of AIDS, and incidence of AIDS. The remaining 10% is distributed through a grant competition. Funds are used primarily for housing activities, although grant recipients must provide supportive services to those persons residing in HOPWA-funded housing. In FY2014, more than 55,000 households received housing assistance through HOPWA, a decrease compared to the previous years. See Table 1 for funding levels and households served since FY2001. The Appendix provides the formula grants distributed to eligible states and metropolitan statistical areas from FY2007 to FY2015.\nFor years the formula used to distribute the bulk of HOPWA funds has been an issue considered by both the Administration and Congress. The formula relies on cumulative cases of AIDS to distribute formula funds, a number that includes those who have died. In the 114th Congress, both the House and Senate Appropriations Committees noted the need to update the formula. The House Appropriations Committee Report to accompany the FY2016 HUD funding bill (H.Rept. 114-129) encouraged HUD to work with the authorizing committees to modernize the HOPWA formula. The Senate Appropriations Committee-passed version of the FY2016 appropriations bill (H.R. 2577) would follow the Administration\u2019s FY2016 proposal and use new formula factors: persons living with HIV, fair market rents, and poverty, together with a hold harmless provision.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL34318", "sha1": "0d83a977bde5148cc8d96e2777dacaa5585c50a7", "filename": "files/20151005_RL34318_0d83a977bde5148cc8d96e2777dacaa5585c50a7.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL34318", "sha1": "d631353ebf02c179954b62e22cefa942ede95ee3", "filename": "files/20151005_RL34318_d631353ebf02c179954b62e22cefa942ede95ee3.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 2201, "name": "Housing for Low-Income Individuals and Families" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc810755/", "id": "RL34318_2013Jan07", "date": "2013-01-07", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Housing for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS", "summary": "This report describes recent research that shows how housing and health status are related and the effects of stable housing on patient health. It also describes the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program, the only federal program that provides housing and services specifically for persons who are HIV positive or who have AIDS, together with their families. In addition, the report describes how a small portion of funds appropriated through the Ryan White HIV/AIDS program may be used by states and local jurisdictions to provide short-term housing assistance for persons living with HIV/AIDS.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20130107_RL34318_a586ade5117f8c9bac8a6d68f9ed6cac5005cf7c.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20130107_RL34318_a586ade5117f8c9bac8a6d68f9ed6cac5005cf7c.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Housing", "name": "Housing" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "AIDS patients", "name": "AIDS patients" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "HIV-positive persons", "name": "HIV-positive persons" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc98094/", "id": "RL34318_2012Jul03", "date": "2012-07-03", "retrieved": "2012-08-21T08:46:06", "title": "Housing for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS", "summary": "This report discusses the creation of the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) Program, which was created to alleviate the difficulties that many individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have finding affordable, stable housing. It also looks at distributions of HOPWA funds, including eligibility and eligible uses for such funding.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20120703_RL34318_f2e59db79b12ef41ef21981daec1b97ff7027f6a.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20120703_RL34318_f2e59db79b12ef41ef21981daec1b97ff7027f6a.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Housing", "name": "Housing" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "AIDS patients", "name": "AIDS patients" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "HIV-positive persons", "name": "HIV-positive persons" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc820976/", "id": "RL34318_2010Jan21", "date": "2010-01-21", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Housing for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS", "summary": "This report discusses the creation of the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) Program, which was created to alleviate the difficulties that many individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have finding affordable, stable housing. It also looks at distributions of HOPWA funds, including eligibility and eligible uses for such funding.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20100121_RL34318_2382533232b500cf634933348aa9377e378885fc.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20100121_RL34318_2382533232b500cf634933348aa9377e378885fc.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Housing", "name": "Housing" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "AIDS patients", "name": "AIDS patients" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "HIV-positive persons", "name": "HIV-positive persons" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc462650/", "id": "RL34318_2009Jan08", "date": "2009-01-08", "retrieved": "2014-12-05T09:57:41", "title": "Housing for Persons Living with HIV/AIDS", "summary": "This report describes recent research that shows how housing and health status are related and the effects of stable housing on HIV/AIDS patient health. It also describes the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program, the only federal program that provides housing and services specifically for persons who are HIV positive or who have AIDS, together with their families. In addition, the report describes how a small portion of funds appropriated through the Ryan White HIV/AIDS program may be used by states and local jurisdictions to provide short-term housing assistance for persons living with HIV/AIDS.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20090108_RL34318_1ac0dcc8bf32ac849c32d29963843aaff3461bd4.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20090108_RL34318_1ac0dcc8bf32ac849c32d29963843aaff3461bd4.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Housing", "name": "Housing" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "AIDS patients", "name": "AIDS patients" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "HIV-positive persons", "name": "HIV-positive persons" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Housing for the disabled", "name": "Housing for the disabled" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Housing policy", "name": "Housing policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Federal aid to housing", "name": "Federal aid to housing" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812050/", "id": "RL34318_2008Jan14", "date": "2008-01-14", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA)", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20080114_RL34318_9c8c09bb66ad5bc253840e5e30e39375e458100c.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20080114_RL34318_9c8c09bb66ad5bc253840e5e30e39375e458100c.html" } ], "topics": [] } ], "topics": [ "Appropriations", "Domestic Social Policy" ] }