U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1999-2006

U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1999-2006

U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1999-2006

December 20, 2007 (RL34291)

Contents

U.S. Agreements with Leading Purchasers, 1999-2006

U.S. Deliveries to Leading Purchasers, 1999-2006

Tables

Table 1. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Africa Agreements Concluded

Table 2. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of American Republics Agreements Concluded

Table 3. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Asia Agreements Concluded

Table 4. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Near East Agreements Concluded

Table 5. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Europe Agreements Concluded

Table 6. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Worldwide Agreements Concluded

Table 7. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Africa Deliveries Concluded

Table 8. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of American Republics Deliveries Concluded

Table 9. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Asia Deliveries Concluded

Table 10. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Near East Deliveries Concluded

Table 11. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Europe Deliveries Concluded

Table 12. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Worldwide Deliveries Concluded

Summary

This report provides background data on United States arms sales agreements with and deliveries to its major purchasers during calendar years 1999-2006. In a series of data tables, it lists the total dollar values of U.S. government-to-government arms sales agreements with its top five purchasers in five specific regions of the world for three specific periods: 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and 2006 alone, and the total dollar values of U.S. arms deliveries to its top five purchasers in those same regions for the periods 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and for 2006 alone. In addition, the report provides data tables listing the total dollar values of U.S. government-to-government arms agreements with and deliveries to its top 10 purchasers worldwide for the periods 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and for 2006 alone.

This report is prepared in conjunction with the annual CRS report for Congress entitled CRS Report RL34187, Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1999-2006, by [author name scrubbed] (pdf). That report details both U.S. and foreign arms transfer activities globally and provides analysis of arms trade trends. The intent here is to complement that elaborate worldwide treatment of the international arms trade by providing only the dollar values of U.S. arms sales agreements with and delivery values to its leading customers, by geographic region, for the calendar years 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and 2006. Unlike CRS Report RL34187, Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1999-2006 (pdf), this annual report focuses exclusively on U.S. arms sales and provides the specific names of the major U.S. arms customers, by region, together with the total dollar values of their arms purchases or deliveries. This report will not be updated.

U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1999-2006

This report provides background data on U.S. arms sales agreements with and deliveries to its major purchasers during calendar years 1999-2006. It provides the total dollar values of U.S. arms agreements with its top five purchasers in five specific regions of the world for the periods 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and for 2006, and the total dollar values of U.S. arms deliveries to its top five purchasers in five specific regions for those same years. In addition, the report provides a listing of the total dollar values of U.S. arms agreements with and deliveries to its top 10 purchasers for the periods 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and for 2006. The data are official, unclassified, United States Defense Department figures compiled by the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), unless otherwise indicated. The data have been restructured for this report by DSCA from a fiscal year format to a calendar year format. Thus a year in this report covers the period from January 1-December 31, and not the fiscal year period from October 1-September 30.¹

U.S. Agreements with Leading Purchasers, 1999-2006

The following regional tables (Tables 1-5) provide the total dollar values of all U.S. defense articles and defense services sold to the top five purchasers in each region indicated for the calendar year(s) noted. These values represent the total value of all government-to-government agreements actually concluded between the United States and the foreign purchaser under the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program during the calendar year(s) indicated.² In Table 6, the total dollar values of all U.S. defense articles and defense services sold to the top 10 purchasers worldwide is provided for calendar year period noted. All totals are expressed as current U.S. dollars.

Table 1. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Africa Agreements Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest million)

Africa
Agreements
1999-2002

Africa
Agreements
2003-2006

Africa
Agreements
2006

1 Nigeria $21 million

1 Djibouti $28 million

1 Ethiopia $9 million

2 Kenya $7 million

2 Kenya $26 million

2 Uganda $3 million

3 Guinea $3 million

3 Ethiopia $14 million

3 Chad $2 million

4 Botswana $3 million

4 South Africa $13 million

4 Kenya $1 million

5 South Africa $3 million

5 Nigeria $12 million

5 Liberia $1 million

Table 2. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of American Republics Agreements Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest million)

American Republics
Agreements
1999-2002

American Republics
Agreements
2003-2006

American Republics
Agreements
2006

1 Chile $555 million

1 Canada $1.23 billion

1 Canada $480 million

2 Canada $447 million

2 Colombia $541 milliona

2 Colombia $179 million

3 Colombia $289 milliona

3 Brazil $162 million

3 Chile $40 million

4 Brazil $106 million

4 Chile $59 million

4 Argentina $10 million

5 Venezuela $55 million

5 Argentina $32 million

5 Mexico $10 million

a. Includes FMS sales related to international narcotics interdiction programs.

Table 3. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Asia Agreements Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Asia
Agreements
1999-2002

Asia
Agreements
2003-2006

Asia
Agreements
2006

1 South Korea $3.5 billion

1 Australia $3.9 billion

1 Australia $2.6 billion

2 Japan $2.0 billion

2 Japan $3.4 billion

2 Japan $890 million

3 Singapore $1.6 billion

3 South Korea $1.7 billion

3 South Korea $540 million

4 Taiwan $1.1 billion

4 Taiwan $1.1 billion

4 Singapore $370 million

5 Australia $1.0 billion

5 Singapore $710 million

5 Thailand $60 million

Table 4. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Near East Agreements Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Near East
Agreements
1999-2002

Near East
Agreements
2003-2006

Near East
Agreements
2006

1 U.A.E. $7.3 billiona

1 Saudi Arabia $4.5 billion

1 Israel 1.2 billion

2 Israel $6.7 billion

2 Egypt $4.3 billion

2 Saudi Arabia $1.1 billion

3 Egypt $6.5 billion

3 Israel $3.0 billion

3 Iraq $920 million

4 Saudi Arabia $2.7 billion

4 Kuwait $1.3 billion

4 Kuwait $390 million

5 Kuwait $1.6 billion

5 U.A.E. $1.2 billion

5 Egypt $280 million

a. Includes a $6.432 billion licensed commercial agreement concluded in 2000 for 80 F-16 fighter aircraft.

Table 5. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Europe Agreements Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Europe
Agreements
1999-2002

Europe
Agreements
2003-2006

Europe
Agreements
2006

1 Greece $3.5 billion

1 Poland $3.9 billion

1 Turkey $850 million

2 U. K. $1.5 billion

2 Turkey $2.9 billion

2 Spain $660 million

3 Italy $1.2 billion

3 Greece $2.6 billion

3 Netherlands $270 million

4 Turkey $1.0 billion

4 U.K. $1.5 billion

4 Germany $190 million

5 Netherlands $910 million

5 Netherlands $1.1 billion

5 U.K. $150 million

Table 6. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Worldwide Agreements Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Worldwide
Agreements
1999-2002

Worldwide
Agreements
2003-2006

Worldwide
Agreements
2006

1 U.A.E. $7.3 billiona

1 Saudi Arabia $4.5 billion

1 Australia $2.6 billion

2 Israel $6.7 billion

2 Egypt $4.3 billion

2 Israel $1.2 billion

3 Egypt $6.5 billion

3 Poland $3.9 billion

3 Saudi Arabia $1.1 billion

4 South Korea $3.5 billion

4 Australia $3.9 billion

4 Iraq $920 million

5 Greece $3.5 billion

5 Japan $3.4 billion.

5 Japan $890 million

6 Saudi Arabia $3.5 billion

6 Israel $3.0 billion

6 Turkey $850 million

7 Japan $2.0 billion

7 Turkey $2.9 billion

7 Spain $660 million

8 Kuwait $1.6 billion

8 Greece $2.6 billion

8 South Korea $540 million

9 Singapore $1.6 billion

9 South Korea $1.7 billion

9 Canada $480 million

10 U.K. $1.5 billion

10 U.K. $1.5 billion

10 Kuwait $390 million

a. Includes a $6.432 billion licensed commercial agreement in 2000 for 80 F-16 fighter aircraft.

U.S. Deliveries to Leading Purchasers, 1999-2006

The following regional tables (Tables 7-11) provide the total dollar values of all U.S. defense articles and defense services delivered to the top five purchasers in each region indicated for the calendar year(s) noted for all deliveries under the U.S. Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program. These values represent the total value of all government-to-government deliveries actually concluded between the United States and the foreign purchaser under the FMS program during the calendar year(s) indicated.

In Table 12, the total dollar values of all U.S. defense articles and defense services actually delivered to the top 10 purchasers worldwide is provided. The delivery totals are for FMS deliveries concluded for the calendar year(s) noted.

Table 7. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Africa Deliveries Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest million)

Africa
Deliveries
1999-2002

Africa
Deliveries
2003-2006

Africa
Deliveries
2006

1 Nigeria $8 million

1 Kenya $17 million

1 Ethiopia $3 million

2 Ethiopia $7 million

2 Nigeria $16 million

2 Kenya $2 million

3 Kenya $7 million

3 Ethiopia $10 million

3 South Africa $2 million

4 Mali $2 million

4 South Africa $10 million

4 Uganda $2 million

5 Ghana $2 million

5 Djibouti $8 million

5 Botswana $2 million

Table 8. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of American Republics Deliveries Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest million)

American Republics
Deliveries
1999-2002

American Republics
Deliveries
2003-2006

American Republics
Deliveries
2006

1 Canada $375 million

1 Canada $681 million

1 Chile $251 million

2 Colombia $300 milliona

2 Chile $457 million

2 Canada $215 million

3 Brazil $177 million

3 Colombia $179 milliona

3 Colombia $84 milliona

4 Venezuela $79 million

4 Brazil $87 million

4 Brazil $48 million

5 Argentina $54 million

5 Venezuela $38 million

5 Venezuela $8 million

a. Includes deliveries of defense articles and services previously sold that are related to international narcotics programs.

Table 9. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Asia Deliveries Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Asia
Deliveries
1999-2002

Asia
Deliveries
2003-2006

Asia
Deliveries
2006

1 Taiwan $5.8 billion

1 Taiwan $4.1 billion

1 Australia $1.7 billion

2 South Korea $3.2 billion

2 Australia $2.5 billion

2 Taiwan $970 million

3 Japan $1.9 billion

3 South Korea $2.4 billion

3 South Korea $610 million

4 Australia $1.2 billion

4 Japan $1.8 billion

4 Japan $560 million

5 Singapore $1.0 billion

5 Singapore $960 million

5 Singapore $370 million

Table 10. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Near East Deliveries Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Near East
Deliveries
1999-2002

Near East
Deliveries
2003-2006

Near East
Deliveries
2006

1 Saudi Arabia $8.9 billion

1 Israel $5.2 billion

1 Israel $1.5 billion

2 Egypt $4.5 billion

2 Egypt $5.1 billion

2 Egypt $1.2 billion

3 Israel $3.3 billion

3 Saudi Arabia $4.4 billion

3 Saudi Arabia $1.0 billion

4 Kuwait $1.3 billion

4 Kuwait $910 million

4 Kuwait $300 million

5 Bahrain $530 million

5 U.A.E. $620 million

5 Oman $290 million

Table 11. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Europe Deliveries Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Europe
Deliveries
1999-2002

Europe
Deliveries
2003-2006

Europe
Deliveries
2006

1 Greece $1.8 billion

1 Greece $3.2 billion

1 Netherlands $800 million

2 Turkey $1.6 billion

2 U.K. $1.6 billion

2 Poland $690 million

3 U.K. $1.6 billion

3 Netherlands $1.5 billion

3 Greece $440 million

4 Finland $1.5 billion

4 Turkey $980 million

4 U.K. $330 million

5 Netherlands $1.1 billion

5 Italy $890 million

5 Italy $280 million

Table 12. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services, Total Values of Worldwide Deliveries Concluded

(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Worldwide
Deliveries
1999-2002

Worldwide
Deliveries
2003-2006

Worldwide
Deliveries
2006

1 Saudi Arabia $8.9 billion

1 Israel $5.2 billion

1 Australia $1.7 billion

2 Taiwan $5.8 billion

2 Egypt $5.1 billion

2 Israel $1.5 billion

3 Egypt $4.5 billion

3 Saudi Arabia $4.4 billion

3 Egypt $1.2 billion

4 Israel $3.3 billion

4 Taiwan $4.1 billion

4 Saudi Arabia $1.0 billion

5 South Korea $3.2 billion

5 Greece $3.2 billion

5 Taiwan $970 million

6 Japan $1.9 billion

6 Australia $2.5 billion

6 Netherlands $800 million

7 Greece $1.8 billion

7 South Korea $2.4 billion

7 Poland $690 million

8 Turkey $1.6 billion

8 Japan $1.8 billion

8 South Korea $610 million

9 U.K. $1.6 billion

9 U.K. $1.6 billion

9 Japan $560 million

10 Finland $1.5 billion

10 Netherlands $1.5 billion

10 Greece $440 million

Footnotes

1.

The Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) publishes an annual volume providing these data in a fiscal year format. This publication is titled Foreign Military Sales, Foreign Military Construction Sales, and Military Assistance Facts. It provides detailed U.S. annual transactions with countries and international organizations for the most recent ten fiscal years, as of the date of publication, as well as aggregate data for these transactions since FY1950. See DSCA website for this data under DSCA Facts Book at http://www.dsca.osd.mil/. For detailed worldwide arms transfer data for U.S. and foreign suppliers and recipients, see CRS Report RL34187, Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1999-2006, by [author name scrubbed] (pdf).

2.

Current U.S. law and regulations do not require U.S. companies to provide, routinely and systematically, data on arms sales agreements actually concluded with foreign purchasers resulting from commercial licenses authorized by the U.S. State Department. Thus, with one very notable exception relating to the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) in 2000, the agreement data in the following tables do not include the values of U.S. licensed commercial sales.