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      "date": "2011-07-22",
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      "title": "Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa",
      "summary": "In recent years, analysts and U.S. policymakers have noted Africa\u2019s growing strategic importance to U.S. interests. Among those interests are the increasing importance of Africa\u2019s natural resources, particularly energy resources, and mounting concern over violent extremist activities and other potential threats posed by under-governed spaces, such as maritime piracy and illicit trafficking. In addition, there is ongoing concern for Africa\u2019s many humanitarian crises, armed conflicts, and more general challenges, such as the devastating effect of HIV/AIDS. In 2006, Congress authorized a feasibility study on the creation of a new command for Africa to consolidate current operations and activities on the continent under one commander. Congress has closely monitored the command since its establishment.\nOn February 6, 2007, the Bush Administration announced the creation of a new unified combatant command, U.S. Africa Command or AFRICOM, to promote U.S. national security objectives in Africa and its surrounding waters. Prior to AFRICOM\u2019s establishment, U.S. military involvement on the continent was divided among three commands: U.S. European Command (EUCOM), U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM), and U.S. Pacific Command (PACOM). The command\u2019s area of responsibility (AOR) includes all African countries except Egypt. AFRICOM was officially launched as a sub-unified command under EUCOM on October 1, 2007, and became a stand-alone command on October 1, 2008.\nDOD signaled its intention to locate AFRICOM\u2019s headquarters on the continent early in the planning process, but such a move is unlikely to take place for several years, if at all. The command will operate from Stuttgart, Germany, for the foreseeable future. DOD has stressed that there are no plans to have a significant troop presence on the continent. The East African country of Djibouti, home to the Combined Joint Task Force\u2013Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) at Camp Lemonnier, provides the U.S. military\u2019s only enduring infrastructure in Africa.\nAs envisioned by the Department of Defense (DOD), AFRICOM aims to promote U.S. strategic objectives and protect U.S. interests in the region by working with African states and regional organizations to help strengthen their defense capabilities so that they are better able to contribute to regional stability and security. AFRICOM also has a mandate to conduct military operations, if so directed by national command authorities. In March 2011, for example, AFRICOM commenced Operation Odyssey Dawn to protect civilians in Libya as part of multinational military operations authorized by the U.N. Security Council under Resolution 1973. \nThe 1998 bombing of U.S. embassies in East Africa and more recent attacks have highlighted the threat of terrorism to U.S. interests on the continent. Political instability and civil wars have created vast under-governed spaces, areas in which some experts allege that terrorist groups may train and operate. The upsurge in piracy in the waters off the Horn of Africa has been directly attributed to ongoing instability in Somalia. Instability also heightens human suffering and retards economic development, which may in turn threaten U.S. economic interests. Africa\u2019s exports of crude oil to the United States are now roughly equal to those of the Middle East, further emphasizing the continent\u2019s strategic importance. This report provides a broad overview of U.S. strategic interests in Africa and the role of U.S. military efforts on the continent as they pertain to the creation of AFRICOM. A discussion of AFRICOM\u2019s mission, its coordination with other government agencies, and its basing and manpower requirements is included.",
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      "id": "RL34003_2011Mar22",
      "date": "2011-03-22",
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      "title": "Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa",
      "summary": "This report provides information on U.S. Africa Command or (AFRICOM), including AFRICOM's mission, structure, interagency coordination, and its basing and manpower requirements. The report also gives a broad overview of U.S. strategic interests in Africa and the role of U.S. military efforts on the continent as they pertain to the creation of Africa Command.",
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          "id": "Foreign policy",
          "name": "Foreign policy"
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          "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Africa",
          "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Africa"
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          "id": "Foreign relations -- Africa -- U.S.",
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          "id": "Foreign aid",
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          "id": "American military assistance -- Africa",
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      "id": "RL34003_2010Nov16",
      "date": "2010-11-16",
      "retrieved": "2011-03-09T09:26:47",
      "title": "Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa",
      "summary": "In recent years, analysts and U.S. policymakers have noted Africa's growing strategic importance to U.S. interests. On February 6, 2007, the Bush Administration announced the creation of a new unified\r\ncombatant command, U.S. Africa Command or AFRICOM, to promote U.S. national security objectives in Africa and its surrounding waters. This report provides information on AFRICOM's mission, structure, interagency coordination, and its basing and manpower requirements. The report also gives a broad overview of U.S. strategic interests in Africa and the role of U.S. military efforts on the continent as they pertain to the creation of Africa Command.",
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          "id": "Foreign policy",
          "name": "Foreign policy"
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          "id": "Foreign relations - U.S. - Africa",
          "name": "Foreign relations - U.S. - Africa"
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          "id": "Foreign relations - Africa - U.S.",
          "name": "Foreign relations - Africa - U.S."
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          "id": "Foreign aid",
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          "id": "American military assistance - Africa",
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      "id": "RL34003_2010Apr03",
      "date": "2010-04-03",
      "retrieved": "2015-03-30T22:03:27",
      "title": "Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa",
      "summary": "This report provides information on U.S. Africa Command or (AFRICOM), including AFRICOM's mission, structure, interagency coordination, and its basing and manpower requirements. The report also gives a broad overview of U.S. strategic interests in Africa and the role of U.S. military efforts on the continent as they pertain to the creation of Africa Command.",
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      "id": "RL34003_2009Oct02",
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      "summary": "This report provides a broad overview of U.S. strategic interests in Africa and the role of U.S. military efforts on the continent as they pertain to the creation of U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM). A discussion of AFRICOM's mission, its coordination with other government agencies, and its basing and manpower requirements is included.",
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      "summary": "This report provides a broad overview of U.S. strategic interests in Africa and the role of U.S. military efforts on the continent as they pertain to the creation of AFRICOM. Although the command is still in the early stages of its development, a discussion of AFRICOM\u2019s mission, its coordination with other government agencies, and its basing and manpower requirements is included.",
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      "title": "Africa Command: U.S. Strategic Interests and the Role of the U.S. Military in Africa",
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  "topics": [
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}