U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1998-2005

U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1998-2005

U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1998-2005

December 15, 2006 (RL33758)

Contents

U.S. Agreements with Leading Purchasers, 1998-2005

U.S. Deliveries to Leading Purchasers, 1998-2005

Summary

This report provides background data on United States arms sales agreements with and deliveries to its major purchasers during calendar years 1998-2005. In a series of data tables, it lists the total dollar values of U.S. arms sales agreements with its top five purchasers in five specific regions of the world for three specific periods: 1998-2001, 2002-2005, and 2005 alone, and the total dollar values of U.S. arms deliveries to its top five purchasers in those same regions for the periods 1998-2001, 2002-2005, and for 2005 alone. In addition, the report provides data tables listing the total dollar values of U.S. arms agreements with and deliveries to its top 10 purchasers worldwide for the periods 1998-2001, 2002-2005, and for 2005 alone.

This report is prepared in conjunction with the annual CRS report for Congress entitled: CRS Report RL33696, Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1998-2005, by [author name scrubbed] (pdf). That report details both U.S. and foreign arms transfer activities globally, and provides analysis of arms trade trends. The intent here is to complement that elaborate worldwide treatment of the international arms trade by providing only the dollar values of United States arms sales agreements with and delivery values to its leading customers, by geographic region, for the calendar years 1998-2001, 2002-2005, and 2005. Unlike CRS Report RL33696, this report focuses exclusively on U.S. arms sales, provides the specific names of the major U.S. arms customers, by region, together with the total dollar values of their arms purchases or deliveries. This report will not be updated.

U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 1998-2005

This report provides background data on United States arms sales agreements with and deliveries to its major purchasers during calendar years 1998-2005. It provides the total dollar values of U.S. arms agreements with its top five purchasers in five specific regions of the world for the periods 1998-2001, 2002-2005, and for 2005, and the total dollar values of U.S. arms deliveries to its top five purchasers in five specific regions for those same years. In addition, the report provides a listing of the total dollar values of U.S. arms agreements with and deliveries to its top ten purchasers for the periods 1998-2001, 2002-2005, and for 2005. The data are official, unclassified, United States Defense Department figures compiled by the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), unless otherwise indicated. The data have been restructured for this report by DSCA from a fiscal year format to a calendar year format. Thus a year in this report covers the period from January 1-December 31, and not the fiscal year period from October 1-September 30.¹

U.S. Agreements with Leading Purchasers, 1998-2005

The following five regional tables provide the total dollar values of all U.S. defense articles and defense services sold to the top five purchasers in each region indicated for the calendar year(s) noted. These values represent the total value of all government-to-government agreements actually concluded between the United States and the foreign purchaser under the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program during the calendar year(s) indicated.² In a separate table, the total dollar values of all U.S. defense articles and defense services sold to the top ten purchasers worldwide is provided for calendar year period noted. All totals are expressed as current U.S. dollars.

Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles & Services Total Values of Agreements Concluded

(In current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest million)

Africa Agreements
1998-2001

Africa Agreements
2002-2005

Africa Agreements
2005

1 Nigeria $12 million

1 Kenya $24 million

1 Djibouti $10 million

2 Kenya $11 million

2 Djibouti $23 million

2 Botswana $1 million

3 Ghana $5 million

3 Nigeria $21 million

3 Senegal $1 million

4 Chad $3 million

4 South Africa $15 million

4 Congo $1 million

5 Guinea $3 million

5 Uganda $7 million

5 Nigeria $1 million

American Republics Agreements
1998-2001

American Republics Agreements
2002-2005

American Republics Agreements
2005

1 Canada $402 million

1 Canada $892 million

1 Canada $355 million

2 Colombia $277 milliona

2 Chile $566 million

2 Colombia $183 milliona

3 Brazil $109 million

3 Columbia $405 milliona

3 Brazil $20 million

4 Venezuela $64 million

4 Brazil $182 million

4 Argentina $19 million

5 Argentina $42 million

5 Venezuela $38 million

5 Chile $16 million

a. Includes FMS sales related to international narcotics interdiction programs.

Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles & Services Total Values of Agreements Concluded

(In current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Asia Agreements
1998-2001

Asia Agreements
2002-2005

Asia Agreements
2005

1 Taiwan $3.9 billion

1 Taiwan $4.9 billion

1 Japan $850 million

2 South Korea $2.1 billion

2 Japan $3.4 billion

2 Australia $520 million

3 Singapore $1.5 billion

3 South Korea $3.1 billion

3 South Korea $340 million

4 Japan $1.4 billion

4 Australia $1.5 billion

4 Taiwan $210 million

5 Australia $1.2 billion

5 Singapore $540 million

5 Singapore $50 million

Near East Agreements
1998-2001

Near East Agreements
2002-2005

Near East Agreements
2005

1 U.A.E. $7.0 billiona

1 Egypt $5.2 billion

1 Egypt 1.0 billion

2 Israel $6.6 billion

2 Saudi Arabia $4.2 billion

2 U.A.E. $800 million

3 Egypt $6.4 billion

3 Israel $2.5 billion

3 Saudi Arabia $700 million

4 Saudi Arabia $4.4 billion

4 Kuwait $2.0 billion

4 Israel $500 million

5 Bahrain $700 million

5 U.A.E. $1.3 billion

5 Kuwait $500 million

Europe Agreements
1998-2001

Europe Agreements
2002-2005

Europe Agreements
2005

1 Greece $3.7 billion

1 Poland $3.8 billion

1 Greece $2.1 billion

2 U. K. $1.4 billion

2 Greece $2.6 billion

2 Turkey $1.5 billion

3 Italy $1.1 billion

3 Turkey $2.3 billion

3 Germany $300 million

4 Turkey $1.0 billion

4 U.K. $1.5 billion

4 Netherlands $250 million

5 Germany $970 million

5 Netherlands $960 million

5 Denmark $130 million

Worldwide Agreements
1998-2001

Worldwide Agreements
2002-2005

Worldwide Agreements
2005

1 U.A.E. $7.0 billiona

1 Egypt $5.2 billion

1 Greece $2.1 billion

2 Israel $6.6 billion

2 Taiwan $4.9 billion

2 Turkey $1.5 billion

3 Egypt $6.4 billion

3 Saudi Arabia $4.2 billion

3 Egypt $1.0 billion

4 Saudi Arabia $4.4 billion

4 Poland $3.8 billion

4 Japan $850 million

5 Taiwan $3.9 billion

5 Japan $3.4 billion

5 U.A.E. $790 million

6 Greece $3.7 billion

6 South Korea $3.1 billion

6 Saudi Arabia $710 million

7 South Korea $2.1 billion

7 Greece $2.6 billion

7 Israel $530 million

8 Singapore $1.5 billion

8 Israel $2.5 billion

8 Australia $520 million

9 U.K. $1.4 billion

9 Turkey $2.3 billion

9 Kuwait $510 million

10 Japan $1.4 billion

10 Kuwait $2.0 billion

10 South Korea $340 million

a. Includes a $6.432 billion licensed commercial agreement in 2000 for 80 F-16 fighter aircraft.

U.S. Deliveries to Leading Purchasers, 1998-2005

The following five regional tables provide the total dollar values of all U.S. defense articles and defense services delivered to the top five purchasers in each region indicated for the calendar year(s) noted for all deliveries under the U.S. Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program. These values represent the total value of all government-to-government deliveries actually concluded between the United States and the foreign purchaser under the FMS program during the calendar year(s) indicated.

In a separate table (below), the total dollar values of all U.S. defense articles and defense services actually delivered to the top ten purchasers worldwide is provided. The delivery totals combine FMS deliveries concluded for the calendar year(s) noted, and commercially licensed deliveries concluded for the pertinent fiscal year(s).

Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles & Services Total Values of Deliveries Concluded

(In current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest million)

Africa Deliveries
1998-2001

Africa Deliveries
2002-2005

Africa Deliveries
2005

1 Kenya $9 million

1 Nigeria $17 million

1 Kenya $8 million

2 Ethiopia $8 million

2 Kenya $16 million

2 Nigeria $6 million

3 Senegal $5 million

3 South Africa $8 million

3 Djibouti $5 million

4 Nigeria $5 million

4 Ethiopia $7 million

4 Ethiopia $3 million

5 Uganda $3 million

5 Djibouti $7 million

5 Uganda $3 million

American Republics Deliveries
1998-2001

American Republics Deliveries
2002-2005

American Republics Deliveries
2005

1 Canada $392 million

1 Canada $555 million

1 Chile $192 million

2 Colombia $296 milliona

2 Chile $210 million

2 Canada $163 million

3 Brazil $194 million

3 Colombia $117 milliona

3 Colombia $50 milliona

4 Venezuela $95 million

4 Brazil $57 million

4 Brazil $11 million

5 Argentina $53 million

5 Venezuela $49 million

5 Venezuela $10 million

a. Includes deliveries of defense articles and services previously sold that are related to international narcotics programs.

Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles & Services Total Values of Deliveries Concluded

(In current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Asia Deliveries
1998-2001

Asia Deliveries
2002-2005

Asia Deliveries
2005

1 Taiwan $6 billion

1 Taiwan $4.1 billion

1 Taiwan $1.3 billion

2 South Korea $3.6 billion

2 South Korea $2.2 billion

2 South Korea $600 million

3 Japan $1.8 billion

3 Japan $1.8 billion

3 Australia $480 million

4 Singapore $1.2 billion

4 Australia $1.1 billion

4 Japan $460 million

5 Australia $1.1 billion

5 Singapore $1.0 billion

5 Singapore $190 million

Near East Deliveries
1998-2001

Near East Deliveries
2002-2005

Near East Deliveries
2005

1 Saudi Arabia $12.6 billion

1 Egypt $5.8 billion

1 Israel $1.7 billion

2 Israel $3.7 billion

2 Israel $4.4 billion

2 Egypt $1.3 billion

3 Egypt $3.3 billion

3 Saudi Arabia $4.4 billion

3 Saudi Arabia $990 million

4 Kuwait $1.4 billion

4 Kuwait $770 million

4 Afghanistan $410 million

5 Bahrain $500 million

5 Afghanistan $740 million

5 Oman $270 million

Europe Deliveries
1998-2001

Europe Deliveries
2002-2005

Europe Deliveries
2005

1 Turkey $2.0 billion

1 Greece $3.2 billion

1 U.K. $390 million

2 Finland $1.9 billion

2 U.K. $1.6 billion

2 Greece $270 million

3 U.K. $1.7 billion

3 Turkey $1.0 billion

3 Germany $200 million

4 Greece $1.6 billion

4 Spain $1.0 billion

4 Netherlands $200 million

5 Switzerland $1.3 billion

5 Germany $920 million

5 Turkey $190 million

Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles & Services Total Values of Deliveries Concluded

(In current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)

Worldwide Deliveries
1998-2001

Worldwide Deliveries
2002-2005

Worldwide Deliveries
2005

1 Saudi Arabia $12.6 billion

1 Egypt $5.8 billion

1 Israel $1.7 billion

2 Taiwan $6.0 billion

2 Israel $4.4 billion

2 Egypt $1.3 billion

3 Israel $3.7 billion

3 Saudi Arabia $4.4 billion

3 Taiwan $1.3 billion

4 South Korea $3.6 billion

4 Taiwan $4.1 billion

4 Saudi Arabia $990 million

5 Egypt $3.3 billion

5 Greece $3.2 billion

5 South Korea $610 million

6 Turkey $2.0 billion

6 South Korea $2.2 billion

6 Australia $480 million

7 Finland $1.9 billion

7 Japan $1.8 billion

7 Japan $460 million

8 Japan $1.8 billion

8 U.K. $1.6 billion

8 Afghanistan $410 million

9 U.K. $1.7billion

9 Australia $1.1 billion

9 U.K. $390 million

10 Greece $1.6 billion

10 Turkey $1.0 billion

10 Greece $270 million

Footnotes

1.

The Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) publishes an annual volume providing these data in a fiscal year format. This publication is titled Foreign Military Sales, Foreign Military Construction Sales, and Military Assistance Facts. It provides detailed U.S. annual transactions with countries and international organizations for the most recent ten fiscal years, as of the date of publication, as well as aggregate data for these transactions since FY1950. See DSCA website for this data under DSCA Facts Book at http://www.dsca.osd.mil/. For detailed worldwide arms transfer data for U.S. and foreign suppliers and recipients, see CRS Report RL33696, Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 1998-2005, by [author name scrubbed] (pdf).

2.

Current U.S. law and regulations do not require U.S. companies to provide, routinely and systematically, data on arms sales agreements actually concluded with foreign purchasers resulting from commercial licenses authorized by the U.S. State Department. Thus, with one very notable exception relating to the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) in 2000, the agreement data in the following tables do not include the values of U.S. licensed commercial sales.