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      "id": 329671,
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      "title": "Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE, or \"Mad Cow Disease\") in North America: A Chronology of Selected Events",
      "summary": "This report provides a chronology of selected events leading up to and following the discoveries\nof\nbovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, or \"mad cow disease\") in North America. These are\nprimarily regulatory, legal, and congressional developments that are frequently referenced in the\nongoing policy debate. The chronology generally does not contain entries for the introduction of the\nmany BSE-related bills introduced into this or previous Congresses, except for those in recent years\nwhere committee or floor action has occurred. This report, which will be updated if significant\ndevelopments ensue, is intended to be used alongside other CRS reports that provide more\nbackground and context for the BSE policy debate, and that cover many specific legislative\nproposals.\n The chronology begins in 1986, when BSE was first identified by a British laboratory. As the\nUnited Kingdom and others attempted to understand and contain BSE, the U.S. and Canadian\ngovernments were establishing panels to study the disease and began instituting a series of\nsafeguards aimed at keeping it out of North America or stopping any spread if it should occur here. \nThe chronology proceeds into May 2003, when Canada reported the first native case in North\nAmerica; December 2003, when the United States reported finding a case in a U.S. herd; and most\nof 2004, when both countries worked to reassure consumers of the safety of North American cattle\nand beef and to reopen foreign markets blocking these exports. U.S. and Canadian officials since\n2003 also have been strengthening various regulatory safeguards aimed at protecting the cattle herd\nand the food supply from BSE.\n The chronology continues with major events of 2004, 2005, and the first half of 2006, which\nhave revolved around efforts to re-establish more open cattle and beef trade within North America,\neven while a handful of new cases of BSE have emerged here, and the steps being taken to regain\nthe Japanese and Korean markets, which were until December 2003 two of the four leading foreign\nbuyers of U.S. beef. Both were closed as of mid-2006 (although Japan appeared on the verge of\nreopening as of this writing). Congress can be expected to continue to play a role, holding oversight\nhearings, providing funding for BSE-related activities, and possibly considering legislative options\nto address one or more of the outstanding issues.",
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      "title": "Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE, or \"Mad Cow Disease\") in North America: A Chronology of Selected Events",
      "summary": "This report provides a chronology of selected events leading up to and following the discoveries of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, or \u201cmad cow disease\u201d) in North America. These are primarily regulatory, legal, and congressional developments that are frequently referenced in the ongoing policy debate. The chronology does not contain entries for the introduction of the many BSE-related bills introduced into this or previous Congresses, except for those in recent years where committee or floor action has occurred. This report, which will be updated if significant developments ensue, is intended to be used alongside other CRS reports that provide more background and context for the BSE policy debate, and that cover many specific legislative proposals.",
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      "id": "RL32932_2005Jun28",
      "date": "2005-06-28",
      "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26",
      "title": "Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE, or \u201cMad Cow Disease\u201d) in North America: A Chronology of Selected Events",
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