FY2005 Budget: Chronology and Web Guide

FY2005 Budget: Chronology and Web Guide

Order Code RL32300
CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web
FY2005 Budget: Chronology and Web Guide
Updated December 10, 2004
Justin Murray
Information Research Specialist
Information Research Division
Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

FY2005 Budget: Chronology and Web Guide
Summary
This report provides a select chronology and resource guide concerning
congressional and presidential actions and documents pertaining to the budget for
FY2005, which runs from October 1, 2004, through September 30, 2005. The budget
actions and documents referenced in this report relate to the President’s FY2005
budget submission, the FY2005 Congressional Budget Resolution (S.Con.Res. 95,
H.Rept. 108-498), reconciliation legislation, debt-limit legislation, and FY2005
appropriation measures.
Examples of Internet connections to full-text material include CRS products on
the budget, reconciliation, and each of the 13 appropriations bills, as well as
Congressional Budget Office (CBO) publications, including the Budget and
Economic Outlook: Fiscal Years 2005-2014, and Government Accountability Office
(GAO) reports such as Federal Debt: Answers to Frequently Asked Questions.
Congressional offices can access this report via CRS’s Appropriations/Budget
for FY2005 page at [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml].
Other links provide data tables and charts on the budget and debt, selected
congressional testimony, bills, reports, and public laws for FY1999 through FY2005
resulting from appropriations measures.
If Internet access is not available, refer to the addresses and telephone numbers
of the congressional committees and executive branch agencies and the sources of
other publications that are listed in this report.
This chronology will be updated as relevant events occur.

Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The President’s FY2005 Budget Submission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
FY2005 Budget Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
FY2005 Budget Chronology of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Where Can I Find ... on the Internet? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Appropriations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Budget Supporting Documents, Committee Information,
Monthly Budget Review (Analysis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Cost Estimates of Legislation (CBO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Statements of Administration Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
CRS Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Selected CRS Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
CRS Budget Fact Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
CRS Budget Process Institutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
CRS Appropriations / Budget Website . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Appendix:
Contacts for Executive Agencies and Congressional Committees
and Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Executive Agency Budget Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Useful Addresses and Phone Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
List of Tables
Table 1. Basic Internet Resources on Budget Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Table 2. The President’s FY2005 Budget Submission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Table 3. Budget Resolution Chart of FY2005 Legislative Action . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Table 4. Executive Agency Budget Websites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Table 5. Addresses and Phone Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

FY2005 Budget:
Chronology and Web Guide
Introduction
This report, a select chronology and resource guide, provides information on
congressional and presidential actions on the FY2005 budget. It contains sequential
sections on budget actions in FY2005, including the submission of the President’s
budget in February, legislative action on the Congressional Budget Resolution
(S.Con.Res. 95), and major legislative actions involving the 13 FY2005
appropriations bills and any related supplemental measures.
This report also provides a section entitled “Where Can I Find ... on the
Internet?,” which includes entries for information via the Internet on appropriations
bills, budget background, glossary information, costs estimates, federal debt, and
financial statements. The Appendix provides telephone, address, and Internet
contact information for resources related to FY2005 budget actions. See Table 1 for
websites on budget legislation and CRS publications.
This report does not provide in-depth information on budget procedures
involved in these actions. More detailed information on budget activities taking
place in calendar year 2004 appears in CRS Report RL32246, Congressional Budget
Actions in 2004, and in CRS reports on specific types of actions or procedures
referred to in the “Selected CRS Products” section of this report.
Table 1. Basic Internet Resources on Budget Legislation
Congressional offices should use the Legislative Information Service (LIS)
[http://www.crs.gov].
—
Public should use THOMAS [http://thomas.loc.gov/].
—
Appropriations Status: A CRS overview and summary of the status of all
appropriations bills, providing bill and public law numbers, dates of passage, votes, and
hypertext links to full texts of the bills, public laws and related reports, are available
o n l i n e t o M e m b e r s o f C o n g r e s s a n d t h e i r s t a f f o n l y .
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
—
CRS Appropriations/Budget Products: A CRS report on each of the 13 appropriations
bills for FY2005 is available online for Members of Congress and their staff only.
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml]

CRS-2
See CRS Report 98-721, Introduction to the Federal Budget Process, for
information on the congressional budget process timetable. Federal agency websites
for the FY2005 budget are provided below. CRS publications listed in this report
may be obtained by congressional staff on the CRS website at [http://www.crs.gov].
Constituents do not have access to the electronic version of this report but may
use the printed copy to obtain information on budget publications. Many of the listed
publications and resources in this report may be obtained through THOMAS
[http://thomas.loc.gov/], the public version of the legislative website, or other federal
agency websites. Printed copies of many of the materials may also be found in
libraries that are depositories for U.S. government publications. Addresses of
depository libraries can be obtained through a local library or from the office of
Depository Services of the U.S. Government Printing Office, (202) 512-1119. Those
with access to the Internet may prefer to get addresses from the GPO Access
website’s Locate a Federal Depository Library page, which can be searched by state,
area code, or congressional district at [http://www.gpoaccess.gov/libraries.html].
The President’s FY2005 Budget Submission
The federal budget cycle for FY2005 began on April 25, 2003, when the Office
of Management and Budget (OMB) Director issued a “Memorandum for Heads of
Executive Departments and Agencies: M-03-10,” which is available online at
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/2003.html]. In July 2003, OMB
issued Circular No. A-11 [http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/circulars/a11/03toc.html]
to the heads of all executive departments and establishments, giving specific
instructions on preparing FY2005 budget requests. After review, analysis, and
negotiation, the President’s budget was prepared and submitted to Congress on
February 2, 2004.
As required by law, the President submits his budget to Congress on or before
the first Monday in February. The President’s FY2005 Budget was published in a
four-volume set. Table 2 provides information on the content and availability of
these volumes and supporting documents.

CRS-3
Table 2. The President’s FY2005 Budget Submission
For a description of and access to the budget documents, supporting documents, and
spreadsheet files, see the Budget of the United States Government FY2005 page at
[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/usbudget/fy05/browse.html], at the Government Printing
Office (GPO) website.
—
Search across budget documents on the GPO FY2005 Budget website:
[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/usbudget/index.html].
—
Printed copies of budget documents are sold by GPO. Prepaid orders are accepted by
phone (202-512-1800) or fax (202-512-2250) with debit cards or Discover, MasterCard,
or VISA credit cards. Prepaid written orders are also accepted at Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-
7954. They can also be purchased online at [http://bookstore.gpo.gov], site of the GPO
Online Bookstore.
—
The FY005 budget documents are as follows.
Budget of the United States Government, FY2005 S/N, 041-001-00602-8, $69
Analytical Perspectives, FY2005 S/N, 041-001-00599-4, $68
Budget of the United States Government — Appendix, FY2005 S/N, 041-001-00597-8,
$80
Budget of the United States Government CD-ROM, FY2005 S/N, 041-001-00598-6, $20
Historical Tables, FY2005 S/N, 041-001-00600-1, $43
FY2005 Budget Resolution
The budget resolution is a concurrent resolution in which Congress establishes
or revises its plan for the federal budget’s broad financial features for the coming
fiscal year and several future fiscal years. As with other concurrent resolutions, it
does not have the force of law, but it provides the framework within which Congress
subsequently considers revenue, spending, and other budget-implementing
legislation.

CRS-4
Table 3. Budget Resolution Chart of FY2005 Legislative Action
Conference Report
FY2005 Budget Resolutions and Votes
H.Rept. 108-498
filed 05/19/2004
House
Senate
House Vote
Senate Votea
H.Con.Res. 393, H.Rept.108-
S.Con.Res. 95. The
Passed 216-213,
441; passed by a vote of 215-
Senate passed
H. vote 198,
212 , H. vote 92, CR,
S.Con.Res. 95 by a vote
CR, 5/19/04, p.
3/25/04, p. H1565.
of 51-45, S. vote 58, CR,
H.3369.
3/11/04, p. S. 2699. (A
Rejected amendments:
report was not issued for
S.Con.Res. 95. S.Prt.
Cummings (Congressional
108-365 was ordered to
Black Caucus and
be printed.)
Progressive Caucus)
amendment in the nature of a
substitute, rejected by a vote
of 302-119, H. vote 88, CR,
3/25/04, p. H1508.
Stenholm (Blue Dog
The Senate considered
Coalition) amendment in the
64 amendments; 39
nature of a substitute,
amendments were
rejected by a vote of 243-
adopted, 19 amendments
183, H. vote 89, CR,
were rejected, 4
3/25/04, p. H1521.
amendments were
withdrawn, and 2
Hensarling (Republican
amendments failed on a
Study Committee)
points of order.
amendment in the nature of a
substitute, rejected by a vote
of 309-116, H. vote 90, CR,
3/25/04, p. H.1534.
Spratt (Democratic
Alternative) amendment in
the nature of a substitute,
rejected by a vote of 232-
194, H. vote 91, CR, 3/25/04,
p. H1552.
House Rule
H.Res. 574, H.Rept. 108-
446, rule providing for
consideration of H.Con.Res.
393, passed by voice vote,
3/25/04.
Note: The President does not sign congressional budget resolutions.
a. In the absence of an agreement on the FY2005 budget resolution with the Senate, the House
adopted a so-called “deeming resolution.” For more details on actions related to the FY2005 Budget
Resolution, see CRS Report RL32246, Congressional Budget Actions in 2004.

CRS-5
FY2005 Budget Chronology of Events
01/07/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
01/26/04 — CBO releases The Budget and Economic Outlook: Fiscal Years 2005 to
2014; see [http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=4985&sequence=0]. The CBO
baseline projections in this report are based on the assumptions that current laws and
policies remain unchanged, as well as on various estimates and assumptions about
how the economy will behave and government programs will operate.
CBO projects that if current policies remained in place, the budget deficit would
increase from $375 billion in FY2003 to $477 billion in FY2004 and decrease to
$362 billion in FY2005. CBO reported that “... such a deficit for FY2004 would set
a record in dollar terms, but at 4.2 percent of the nation’s gross domestic product
(GDP), it would represent a smaller share of the economy than the deficits of the
mid-1980s and early 1990s.”1
01/27/04 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: CBO Budget and Economic Outlook:
An Update. Testimony by Douglas Holtz-Eakin, CBO Director.2
01/27/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: The Budget and Economic Outlook.
Testimony by Douglas Holtz-Eakin.3
02/02/04 — President’s FY2005 budget released. For a description of and access to
the budget documents, supporting documents, and spreadsheet files, go to
[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/usbudget/fy05/browse.html]. See also Table 2 on release
of the President’s FY2005 budget above.
02/03/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: The President’s Budget for Fiscal
Year 2005. Testimony by OMB Director Joshua Bolten; N. Gregory Mankiw,
Chairman, Council of Economic Advisers; and Peter R. Orszag, Senior Fellow,
Brookings Institution.
02/04/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: Department of Treasury Budget
Priorities Fiscal Year 2005. Testimony by John Snow, Secretary of the Treasury.
02/05/04 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s FY2005 Budget
Proposal. Testimony by OMB Director Joshua Bolten.
1See CBO Budget and Economic Outlook: Fiscal Year 2004-2014, p. xiii.
2Information about hearings and testimony is available on the Senate Budget Committee
website at [http://www.senate.gov/~budget/republican/hearing_schedule_and_testi.html].
Senate Budget Committee hearings and testimony from previous years are also available on
this site.
3Information about hearings and testimony is available on the House Budget Committee
website at [http://www.house.gov/budget/hearings.htm]. House Budget Committee hearings
and testimony from previous years are also available on this site.

CRS-6
02/06/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
02/11/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: Department of Education Budget
Priorities Fiscal Year 2005. Testimony by Roderick Paige, Secretary of the
Department of Education.
02/12/04 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s FY2005 Budget
Proposal. Testimony by Tommy Thompson, Secretary of the Department of Health
and Human Services.
02/12/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: Department of Veteran Affairs
Budget Priorities Fiscal Year 2005. Testimony by Anthony J. Principi, Secretary of
the Department of Veterans Affairs.
02/13/04 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s FY2005 Budget
Proposal. Testimony by John Snow, Secretary of the Treasury.
02/25/04 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s FY2005 Budget
Proposal. Testimony by Tom Ridge, Secretary of the Department of Homeland
Security.
02/25/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: The Economic Outlook and Current
Fiscal Issues. Testimony by Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan.
02/26/04 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s FY2005 Budget
Proposal. Testimony by Colin Powell, Secretary of State.
02/26/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: Department of Health and Human
Services Budget Priorities Fiscal Year 2005. Testimony by Tommy Thompson,
Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services.
03/03/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: Member’s Day Budget Priorities
Fiscal Year 2005.
03/04/04 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: FY2005 Budget Resolution Markup.
Proceedings and materials, including summary of Chairman’s mark presented
03/03/04 and legislative language of Chairman’s mark, are available by clicking on
the “Hearings and Testimony” link at [http://www.senate.gov/~budget/republican/].
See also Table 3 above, the FY2005 Budget Resolution Chart of FY2005 Legislative
Action.
03/05/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
03/05/04 — CBO releases An Analysis of the President’s Budgetary Proposals for
Fiscal Year 2005, which includes a revised CBO baseline deficit figure for FY2005
of $356 billion. [http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=5151&sequence=0]
03/11/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: FY2005 Budget Resolution Markup.
Proceedings include consideration of the Chairman’s mark at
[http://www.house.gov/budget/congbudget.htm] and links to previous years’ budget

CRS-7
resolution materials. See Table 3 above on the FY2005 Budget Resolution Chart of
Legislative Action.
03/19/04 — House Budget Committee marked up H.R. 3973, the Spending Control
Act of 2004, H.Rept. 108-442. This legislation seeks to extend discretionary
spending limits and pay-as-you-go restraints for mandatory spending increases, but
not tax cuts, through FY2009.
03/31/04 — Conference Committee hearing held on the FY2005 Budget Resolution,
S.Con.Res. 95.
04/07/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
04/21/04 — Joint Economic Committee hearing: The Economic Outlook. Testimony
by Alan Greenspan, Chairman of the Federal Reserve.4
05/06/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
05/12/04 — The President submits to Congress an FY2005 $25 billion budget
amendment (request) for the “Contingent Emergency Reserve Fund (Department of
Defense — Iraq Freedom Fund).” The four-page request is available from the OMB
Supplementals, Amendments, and Releases Web page by clicking on Estimate 5 at
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/amendments.htm]. For more details on this
supplemental appropriations request and subsequent congressional actions, see CRS
Report RL32422, The Administration’s FY2005 Request for $25 Billion for
Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan: Precedents, Options, and Congressional Action.
05/19/04 — The House passes H.Res. 649, providing for the consideration of the
conference report to accompany S.Con.Res. 95, the FY2005 Budget Resolution.
05/19/04 — The House passes the conference report on S.Con.Res. 95 (H.Rept. 108-
498), deeming the FY2005 budget resolution in effect for the House.
06/02/04 — The House Appropriations Committee releases a press release entitled
“Highlights of the Iraq War Budget Amendment.” [http://appropriations.house.gov/
index.cfm?FuseAction=PressReleases.Detail&PressRelease_id=379].
06/04/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
07/07/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
07/30/04 — OMB releases the FY2005 Mid-Session Review. This update of the
President’s FY2005 Budget contains revised estimates of the budget deficit, receipts,
outlays, and budget authority for FY2004 through FY2009, and other summary
4Information about hearings and testimony is available on the Joint Economic Committee
website at [http://www.house.gov/jec/hearing.htm]. Hearings and testimony from previous
years are also available on this site.

CRS-8
information as required by statute. The Mid-Session Review estimate for the FY2004
deficit is $445 billion and $331 billion for FY2005.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/fy2005/05msr.pdf]
08/05/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
08/05/04 — The President signs the Department of Defense Appropriations Act,
2005, P.L. 108-87.
09/07/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
09/07/04 — CBO releases The Budget and Economic Outlook: An Update
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=5773&sequence=0]. The CBO estimates
an FY2004 budget deficit of $422 billion and an FY2005 budget deficit of $348
billion.
09/08/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: The Economic Outlook and Current
Fiscal Issues. Testimony by Alan Greenspan, Chairman of the Federal Reserve.
09/08/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: The Budget and Economic Outlook:
An Update. Testimony by Douglas Holtz-Eakin, CBO Director.
09/08/04 — The President signs the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for
Disaster Relief Act, 2004, P.L. 108-303. This legislation provides federal assistance
in response to Hurricane Charley.
09/30/04 — The President signs the first Continuing Appropriations Act for FY2005,
P.L. 108-309. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the FY2004 level
from October 1, 2004 through November 20, 2004.
10/06/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
10/06/04 — House Budget Committee hearing: Federal Revenue Options.
10/13/04 — The President signs the Military Construction Appropriations Act, 2005,
P.L. 108-324. FY2005 disaster relief funding for hurricane and drought assistance
was included in the measure.5
10/14/04 — Treasury Secretary John Snow and OMB Director Joshua Bolton
announce actual budget results for the fiscal year that ended September 30, 2004.
Federal receipts for FY2004 totaled $1,880 billion, and federal outlays totaled $2,292
billion. The actual federal deficit for FY2004 was $413 billion.
[http://www.treasury.gov/press/releases/js2032.htm].
5For more details on FY2004 and FY2005 supplemental disaster relief funding, see CRS
Report RL32581, Assistance After Hurricanes and Other Disasters: FY2004 and FY2005
Supplemental Appropriations.

CRS-9
10/18/04 — The President signs the Department of Homeland Security
Appropriations Act, 2005, P.L. 108-334.
10/18/04 — The President signs the District of Columbia Appropriations Act, 2005,
P.L. 108-335.
11/04/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
11/19/04 — The President signs legislation enacting an increase in the public debt
limit, P.L. 108-415. This legislation raised the federal debt limit by $800 billion to
$8.2 trillion from the previous limit of $7.4 trillion enacted in May 2003.
11/21/04 — The President signs the second Continuing Appropriations Act for
FY2005, P.L. 108-416. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the
FY2004 level from November 21, 2004, through December 3, 2004.
12/03/04 — The President signs the third Continuing Appropriations Act for
FY2004, P.L. 108-434. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the
FY2004 level from December 4, 2004, through December 8, 2004.
12/06/04 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
12/08/04 — The President signs the FY2005 Consolidated Appropriations Act, P.L.
108-447, which contains the following divisions: A [Agriculture], B [Commerce],
C [Energy and Water], D [Foreign Operations], E [Interior], F [Labor/Health and
Human Services/Education], G [Leg Branch], H [Transportation/Treasury], I
[Veterans Administration/Housing Urban Development], J. [Other Matters], and K
[Small Business].6
Where Can I Find ... on the Internet?
Links to other useful sources on the Internet not previously cited in this report.
Appropriations
Full-text FY2000-2005 Appropriations Bills, Reports, Laws
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro05.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro04.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro03.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro02.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro01.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro00.html]
6. H.R. 4818 was passed by the House and Senate on November 20, 2004. On December 6,
2004 the House passed H.Con. Res. 528, making technical corrections to H.R. 4818 which
cleared the bill for approval by the President. For more information see CRS Report
RS21983, FY2005 Consolidated Appropriations Act: Reference Guide.

CRS-10
House and Senate Appropriations Committees’ Home Pages
[http://appropriations.house.gov/]
[http://appropriations.senate.gov/]
Appropriations “Seven-Day-After Reports” are issued by the White House on
appropriations legislation within seven days of enactment.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/legislative/7day/index.html]
OMB Supplementals, Amendments, and Releases includes OMB requests for
FY2003-FY2004 supplementals.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/amendments.htm]
Discretionary Appropriations (CBO). Estimates of discretionary appropriations,
budget authority, and outlays. (Located on the CBO website under “Budget and
Economic Information”). [http://www.cbo.gov/]
Unauthorized Appropriations and Expiring Authorizations (CBO). “The
purpose of the report is to help the Congress adopt authorizing legislation that should
be in place before it considers the 13 regular appropriation bills for FY2004 ...”
[http://www.cbo.gov/byclasscat.cfm?class=0&cat=6]
Budget Supporting Documents, Committee Information,
Monthly Budget Review (Analysis)
Budget and Supporting Documents
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/index.html]
Supplemental Appropriations in the 1990s
Report by the CBO covering FY1990 through FY1999, issued March 2001.
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=2768&sequence=0&from=7]
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
[http://www.cbo.gov/]
Congressional Committees
House and Senate Budget Committees’ websites
[http://www.house.gov/budget/]
[http://www.senate.gov/~budget/]
House and Senate Appropriations Committees’ websites
[http://appropriations.house.gov/]
[http://appropriations.senate.gov/]
House Ways and Means Committee website
[http://waysandmeans.house.gov/]
Senate Finance Committee website
[http://www.senate.gov/~finance/]

CRS-11
Monthly Budget Review
Access to the current edition and archives of the Monthly Budget Review (CBO). Go
to the CBO website and click on the Monthly Budget Review link under the “Budget
and Economic Information” banner. [http://www.cbo.gov/]
Cost Estimates of Legislation (CBO)
Cost Estimates of Non-Appropriation Bills
“CBO prepares cost estimates and mandates statements for all bills ordered reported
by a full committee of the Congress .... Unless listed separately, intergovernmental
and private-sector mandates statements for each bill are included in the cost
estimate.” Search by bill number, word or phrase, committee, or budget function.
[http://www.cbo.gov/CESearch.htm]
Cost Estimates of Appropriation Bills: CBO’s Current Status of Discretionary
Appropriations
Cost estimates for appropriations bills are provided in tables of budget authority and
outlays for the current and previous fiscal year. “Current status” refers to the latest
stage of action taken by the Congress on an appropriation bill.
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=2049&sequence=0]
Debt
“Debt to the Penny.” The Bureau of the Public Debt provides daily and historical
data. [http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/opd/opdpenny.htm]
The gross federal debt as of September 30, 2004, the end of FY2004, was
$7,379,052,696,330.32. The gross federal debt as of September 30, 2003, the end of
FY2003, amounted to a total of $6,783,231,062,743.62.
“Debt Held by the Public.” Federal debt consists of two components: debt held by
the public and debt held by intragovernmental holdings such as Social Security and
other trust funds. [http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/opd/opdpdodt.htm]
The debt held by the public as of September 30, 2004, the end of FY2004, was
$4,307,344,596,908.92. The debt held by the public as of September 30, 2003, the
end of FY2003, was $3,924,090,106,880.88.
Debt Per Capita
To find the debt per capita, divide the debt by the population, using these two sites:
[http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/opd/opdpenny.htm]
[http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/popclock].
Federal Debt: Answers to Frequently Asked Questions — An Update is a publication
of the Government Accountability Office (GAO). It provides information in a clear,
concise, and easily understandable manner for a nontechnical audience. GAO/OCG-
04-485SP, August 12, 2004.
[http://www.gao.gov] (Type “04-485SP” in the Keyword or Report Number box.)

CRS-12
CRS Reports on Debt
CRS Report RL31967. The Debt Limit: The Ongoing Need for Increases.
CRS Report 98-453. Debt-Limit Legislation in the Congressional Budget Process.
CRS Report RL31913. Developing Debt-Limit Legislation: The House’s “Gephardt
Rule.”
CRS Report RL31590, The Federal Government Debt: Its Size and Economic
Significance.
CRS Report RS21519. Legislative Procedures for Adjusting the Public Debt Limit:
A Brief Overview.
CRS Report RS20645. Recent Changes in Federal Debt and Its Major Components.
Financial Statements
Financial Management Service (U.S. Treasury)
Access to the Monthly Treasury Statement, Treasury Bulletin, Financial Report of
the United States Government, and Annual Report of the U.S. Government.
[http://fms.treas.gov/publications.html]
Financial Statements of the U.S. Government
Access to federal financial statements, including the Financial Report of the United
States Government and the Combined Statement of Receipts, Outlays, and Balances
of the United States Government.
[http://fms.treas.gov/fr/index.html]
Government Accountability Office (GAO)
[http://www.gao.gov/]
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/]
Statements of Administration Policy
Statements and veto indicators on 108th Congress legislation scheduled for House or
Senate floor action. Display by bill number (includes non-appropriations measures),
appropriations bill, or subcommittee.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/legislative/sap/index.html]

CRS-13
CRS Resources
Selected CRS Products
CRS Report RL32422. The Administration’s FY2005 Request for $25 Billion for
Operations in Iraq and Afghanistan: Precedents, Options, and Congressional Action.
CRS Report RL32581. Assistance After Hurricanes and Other Disasters: FY2004
and FY2005 Supplemental Appropriations.
CRS Report RL32264. The Budget for Fiscal Year 2005.
CRS Report 97-684. The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction.
CRS Report RL32246. Congressional Budget Actions in 2004.
CRS Report RS20095. The Congressional Budget Process: A Brief Overview.
CRS Report RL30297. Congressional Budget Resolutions: Selected Statistics and
Information Guide.
CRS Report RL30343. Continuing Appropriations Acts: Brief Overview of Recent
Practices.
CRS Report RS21644. The Cost of Operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Enhanced
Security.
CRS Report RS21759. FY2005 Budget Documents: Internet Access and GPO
Availability.
CRS Report RS21684. FY2004 Consolidated Appropriations Act: Reference Guide.
CRS Report 98-721. Introduction to the Federal Budget Process.
CRS Report 98-720. Manual on the Federal Budget Process.
CRS Report RL32473. Omnibus Appropriations Acts: Overview of Recent Practices.
CRS Budget Fact Sheets
Fact sheets summarizing more than 40 different topics related to the budget and
appropriations process may be accessed by congressional staff on the CRS website.
[http://www.crs.gov/products/guides/budget/explanations/BudgetExplanations.shtml]
CRS Budget Process Institutes
CRS offers introductory and advanced seminars designed to provide a
foundation for understanding of the federal budget process. More information on the
content of these seminars and coming event dates may be found on the CRS

CRS-14
Orientations, Seminars, and Institutes Web page under the Budget Process Institutes
heading. [http://www.crs.gov/services/general/briefings.shtml]
CRS Appropriations / Budget Website
An overview and summary of the status of all appropriations bills — providing
bill and public law numbers, dates of passage, votes, and links to full texts of the
bills, public laws, and related reports — are also available on the CRS website at
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]. Appropriation status
tables and CRS products for fiscal years back to FY1998 are also available on this
site. The general public should use THOMAS [http://thomas.loc.gov/]. Scroll down
to the link for the “Status of FY2005 Appropriations Bills,” which can be accessed
at [http://thomas.loc.gov/home/approp/app05.html].
Appendix:
Contacts for Executive Agencies and Congressional
Committees and Offices
Executive Agency Budget Sites
How to Locate Agencies, Departments, and Programs in Appropriations Bills
“I’m looking for a particular program, but I don’t know which appropriation bill
it’s in.” Indexes for finding specific entities in the 13 appropriations bills can be
consulted at [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appprogs.shtml].
FY2005 budget information or “budget-in-brief” overviews of the Cabinet
departments and agencies are available at the sites listed below.
Table 4. Executive Agency Budget Websites
Agriculture
[http://www.usda.gov/agency/obpa/Home-Page/obpa.html]
Commerce
[http://www.osec.doc.gov/bmi/budget/FY05BIB.htm]
Defense
[http://www.dod.mil/comptroller/defbudget/fy2005/index.html]
Education
[http://www.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/budget05/index.html]
Energy
[http://www.mbe.doe.gov/budget/index.htm]
Health and Human
[http://www.hhs.gov/budget/docbudget.htm]
Services
Homeland Security
[http://www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/display?theme=12&content=3131]
Housing and Urban
[http://www.hud.gov/about/budget/fy05/index.cfm]
Development
Interior
[http://www.doi.gov/budget/2005/05Hilites/toc.html]
Justice
[http://www.usdoj.gov/jmd/2005summary/]
Labor
[http://www.dol.gov/%5Fsec/Budget2005/]
State
[http://www.state.gov/m/rm/rls/bib]
Transportation
[http://www.dot.gov/Downloads.htm]

CRS-15
[http://www.treas.gov/offices/management/budget/budgetinbrief/f
Treasury
y2005/index.html]
Veterans Affairs
[http://www.va.gov/budget/summary/index.htm]
Budget overview information on independent agencies — such as the
Environmental Protection Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration,
etc. — may be found in the FY2005 Budget of the United States, Appendix volume.
Go to [http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/fy2005/appendix.html] for those
agencies not listed, then click on the name of the executive or independent agency
or click on “Other Independent Agencies.”
Useful Addresses and Phone Numbers
Table 5 gives addresses and telephone numbers of House and Senate
committees and executive agency and legislative bureaus and offices concerned with
the budget process.
Table 5. Addresses and Phone Numbers
Appropriations Committee,
H-218 The Capitol
(202) 225-2771
House
Washington, DC 20515-6015
Appropriations Committee,
S-128 The Capitol
(202) 224-7363
Senate
Washington, DC 20510-6025
Budget Committee, House
309 Cannon House Office Building
(202) 226-7270
Washington, DC 20515-6065
Budget Committee, Senate
624 Dirksen Senate Office Building
(202) 224-0642
Washington, DC 20510-6100
Bureau of the Census
Room 3612-3
(Customer Liaison
Washington, DC 20233
(301) 763-1305
Department)
Bureau of the Public Debt
999 E Street, NW
(202) 691-3502
Washington, DC 20239-0001
Congressional Budget Office
475 Ford House Office Building
Publications:
(CBO)
Washington, DC 20515
(202) 226-2809
Federal Reserve
Twentieth and Constitution
Publications:
Avenue, NW
(202) 452-3245
Washington, DC 20551
Government Accountability
441 G Street, NW
Publications:
Office (GAO)
Washington, DC 20548
Congressional
offices:
(202) 512-4400
Public:
(202) 512-6000

CRS-16
Government Printing Office
Superintendent of Documents
Publications:
(GPO)
P.O. Box 371954
Congressional
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954
offices:
(202) 512-1991
Public:
(202) 512-1800
Joint Committee on Taxation
[House]
1015 Longworth House Office
Building
(202) 225-3621
Washington, DC 20515-6453
[Senate]
204 Dirksen Senate Office Building
(202) 224-5561
Washington, DC 20510-001
Office of Management and
Old Executive Office Building
Public:
Budget (OMB)
725 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
(202) 395-3080
Washington, DC 20503
Congressional Offices
(202) 395-4790
Treasury Department
1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Publications:
Washington, DC 20220
(202) 622-2970
Congressional Offices
(202) 622-0576