FY2004 Budget: A Chronology and Resource Guide with Internet Access

FY2004 Budget: A Chronology and Resource Guide with Internet Access

Order Code RL31799
CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web
FY2004 Budget: A Chronology and
Resource Guide with Internet Access
Updated January 30, 2004
Justin Murray
Information Research Specialist
Information Research Division
Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

FY2004 Budget: A Chronology and Resource Guide
with Internet Access
Summary
This report provides a select chronology and resource guide concerning
congressional and presidential actions and documents pertaining to budget for
FY2004, which runs from October 1, 2003 through September 30, 2004. The budget
actions and documents referenced in this report relate to the President’s FY2004
budget submission, the FY2004 Congressional Budget Resolution (H.Con.Res 95),
reconciliation legislation, debt-limit legislation, and FY2004 appropriation measures.
Examples of Internet connections to full-text material include CRS products on
the budget process, reconciliation, and each of the 13 appropriations bills, as well as
Congressional Budget Office (CBO) publications including the Budget and Economic
Outlook: Fiscal Years 2004-2013, and General Accounting Office (GAO) reports
such as Federal Debt: Answers to Frequently Asked Questions.
This report is available on the “Appropriations/Budget for FY2004” page at
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml] on the CRS website.
Other Internet links provide data tables and charts on the budget and debt, selected
congressional testimony, bills, reports, and public laws for FY1999 through FY2004
appropriations measures.
If Internet access is not available, addresses and phone numbers are listed for
congressional committees and executive branch agencies mentioned in this report,
and the sources of other publications are given.
This chronology will be updated as relevant events occur.

Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The President’s FY2004 Budget Submission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
The FY2004 Budget Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
FY2004 Budget Chronology of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Where Can I Find ... on the Internet? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Appropriations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Background and Glossaries of Budget Concepts and Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Budget Supporting Documents, Committee Information, Monthly
Budget Review (Analysis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Cost Estimates of Legislation (CBO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Statements of Administration Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
CRS Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Selected CRS Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
CRS Budget Fact Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
CRS Budget Process Institutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
CRS Appropriations / Budget Website . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Appendix: Contact Information for Executive Agencies and Congressional
Committees and Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Executive Agency Budget Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Useful Addresses and Phone Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
List of Tables
Table 1: Basic Internet Resources on Budget Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Table 2. The President’s FY2004 Budget Submission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Table 3. Budget Resolution Chart of FY2004 Legislative Action . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Table 4. Executive Agency Budget Websites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Table 5. Addresses and Phone Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

FY2004 Budget: A Chronology and
Resource Guide with Internet Access
Introduction
This select chronology and resource guide provides information on
congressional and presidential actions and also documents events concerning the
FY2004 budget. It contains sequential sections on budget actions in FY2004
including the submission of the President’s budget in February, legislative action on
the Congressional Budget Resolution passed in April 2003 (H.Con.Res. 95), budget
reconciliation legislative action, and major legislative actions involving the 13
FY2004 appropriations bills and FY2004 supplemental appropriation measures.
This report also provides a section entitled “Where Can I Find ... on the
Internet?” that includes entries for information via the Internet on appropriations
bills, budget background, glossary information, costs estimates, federal debt, and
financial statements. The appendix of this report provides telephone, address, and
Internet contact information for resources related to FY2004 budget actions. See
Table 1 for websites on budget legislation and CRS publications.
This report does not provide in-depth information on budget procedures
involved in these actions. More detailed information on budget activities taking
place in calendar year 2003 appears in CRS Report RL31754, Congressional Budget
Actions in 2003, and in CRS reports on specific types of actions or procedures
referred to in the “Selected CRS Products” section of this report.
Table 1: Basic Internet Resources on Budget Legislation
Congressional offices should use the Legislative Information Service (LIS)
[http://www.congress.gov/].
Public should use THOMAS [http://thomas.loc.gov/].
Appropriations Status: An overview and summary of the status of all
appropriations bills, providing bill and public law numbers, dates of passage, votes, and
hypertext links to full texts of the bills, public laws, and related reports, are available
online to Members of Congress and their staff only.
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
CRS Appropriations/Budget Products: A CRS report on each of the 13
appropriations bills for FY2004 is available online for Members of Congress and their
staffs only. [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml]

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See CRS Report 98-721, Introduction to the Federal Budget Process, for
information on the congressional budget process timetable. Federal agency Internet
sites are provided below. CRS publications may be obtained by congressional staff
on the CRS website at [http://www.crs.gov].
Constituents do not have access to the electronic version of this report but may
use the printed copy to obtain information on budget publications. Many of the listed
publications and resources in this report may be obtained through THOMAS
[http://thomas.loc.gov/], the public version of the legislative website, or other federal
agency websites. Printed copies of many of the materials may also be found in
libraries that are depositories for U.S. government publications. Addresses of
depository libraries can often be obtained through a local library or from the office
of Depository Services of the U.S. Government Printing Office, (202) 512-1119.
Those with access to the Internet may prefer to get addresses from the GPO Access
website’s Locate Federal Depository Libraries page, which can be searched by state
or area code at [http://www.gpoaccess.gov/libraries.html].
The President’s FY2004 Budget Submission
The federal budget cycle for FY2004 began on April 24, 2002, when the Office
of Management and Budget (OMB) Director issued a “Memorandum for Heads of
Executive Departments and Agencies: M-02-06,” available at
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/2002.html]. In July 2002, OMB
issued Circular No. A-11 [http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/circulars/a11/02toc.html]
to the heads of all executive departments and establishments, giving specific
instructions on preparing FY2004 budget requests. After review, analysis, and
negotiation, the President’s budget was prepared and submitted to Congress in
February 2003.
The White House released the President’s FY2004 Budget submission on
February 3, 2003. As required by law, the President submits his budget to Congress
on or before the first Monday in February. The President’s FY2004 Budget was
published in a six-volume set. Table 2 provides information on the content and
availability of these volumes.

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Table 2. The President’s FY2004 Budget Submission
For a description of, and access to the budget documents, supporting documents, and
spreadsheet files, go to [http://www.gpoaccess.gov/usbudget/fy04/browse.html#budget].
These documents are also available on the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO) OMB
FY2004 website at [http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/fy2004/maindown.html].
Search across budget documents on the GPO FY2004 Budget website:
[http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/fy2004/fy2004_srch.html].
Printed copies of budget documents are sold by GPO. Prepaid orders are accepted by phone
at (202-512-1800) or fax (202-512-2250) with the following credit cards: Discover/NOVUS,
Mastercard, or VISA. Prepaid written orders are also accepted at: Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. These are the
FY2004 documents:
Budget of the United States Government, FY2004
S/N, 041-001-00585-4, $65
Analytical Perspectives, FY2004
S/N, 041-001-00587-1, $59
Budget of the United States Government — Appendix FY2004
S/N, 041-001-00586-2, $67
Budget of the United States Government CD-ROM, FY2004
S/N, 041-001-00589-7, $20
Historical Tables, FY2004
S/N, 041-001-0088-9, $41
Performance Measures and Management Assessments, FY2004
S/N, 041-001-0590-1, $41
The FY2004 Budget Resolution
The budget resolution is a concurrent resolution in which Congress establishes
or revises its plan for the federal budget’s broad financial features for the upcoming
fiscal year and several additional fiscal years. As with other concurrent resolutions,
it does not have the force of law, but it provides the framework within which
Congress subsequently considers revenue, spending, and other budget-implementing
legislation.

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Table 3. Budget Resolution Chart of FY2004 Legislative Action
Conference Report
FY2004 Budget Resolutions and Votes
H.Rept. 108-71
filed 04/10/2003
House
Senate
House Vote
Senate Vote
H.Con.Res. 95, H.Rept.
S.Con.Res. 23.
Passed
Passed 51-50,
108-37; passed by a vote of
The Senate passed
216-211,
S. vote 134,
215-212, H. vote 82, CR,
S.Con.Res. 23 by a vote
H. vote 141,
CR, 4/11/03,
3/20/03, p. H2261.
of 56-44, S. vote 108,
CR, 4/11/03,
p. S5315.
CR, 3/26/03, p. S4422.
p. H3298.
Rejected amendments:
The Senate subsequently
Hill (Blue Dog Coalition)
vitiated the previous
amendment in the nature of a
measure( S.Con.Res. 23),
substitute, rejected by a vote
after striking all after the
of 174-254, H. vote 78, CR,
enacting clause and
3/20/03, p. H2189.
incorporated S.Con.Res.
23 into H.Con.Res. 95.
Toomey (Republican Study
Committee) amendment in
The Senate considered
the nature of a substitute,
82 amendments; 44 were
rejected by a vote of 80-342,
adopted, 35 were
H. vote 79, CR, 3/20/03,
rejected, one was
p. H2203.
withdrawn, and two
failed on a point of
Cummings (Congressional
order.
Black Caucus and
Progressive Caucus)
amendment in the nature of a
substitute, rejected by a vote
of 85-340, H. vote 80, CR,
3/20/03, p. H2212.
Spratt (Democratic
Alternative) amendment in
the nature of a substitute,
rejected by a vote of 192-
236, H. vote 81, CR, 3/20/03,
p. H2226.
House Rule
H.Res. 151, H.Rept. 108-44,
rule providing for
consideration of H.Con.Res.
95, passed by voice vote.
Note: The President does not sign congressional budget resolutions.

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FY2004 Budget Chronology of Events
Internet addresses for the House and Senate Budget Committees, the
Congressional Budget Office (CBO) publication Monthly Budget Review, and the
House and Senate Appropriations Committees appear in the “Where Can I Find ...
on the Internet?” section, below.
01/10/03 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
01/29/03 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The State of the Economy.
01/29/03 — CBO releases The Budget and Economic Outlook: Fiscal Year 2003-
201, see [http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=4032&sequence=0]. The CBO
baseline projections in this report are based on the assumption that current laws and
policies remain unchanged, as well as on various estimates and assumptions about
how the economy will behave and government programs will operate.
CBO projects that if current policies remained in place, the budget deficit would
grow from $158 billion in 2002 to $199 billion in 2003. In nominal dollars, such a
deficit would be the largest since 1994; however, at 1.9% of the gross domestic
product (GDP), it would be well below the share of the economy that deficits
accounted for in the 1980s through the mid-1990s. Under CBO’s adjusted baseline,
deficits would continue to shrink after 2004, and a small budget surplus of $26
billion would emerge in 2007.1
01/30/03 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The Budget and Economic Outlook.
Testimony by Acting CBO Director Barry B. Anderson.
02/03/03 — President’s FY2004 budget released. For a description of and access to
the budget documents, supporting documents, and spreadsheet files, go to
[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/usbudget/fy04/index.html]. See also Table 2 on release
of the President’s FY2004 budget above.
02/03/03 — Treasury Department releases General Explanations of the
Administration’s Fiscal Year 2004 Revenue Proposals.
[http://www.ustreas.gov/press/releases/2003239585516578.htm]
02/04/03 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s FY2004 Budget.
Testimony by Glenn Hubbard, chairman, Council of Economic Advisors.
02/04/03 — House Budget Committee hearing: The President’s Budget for Fiscal
Year 2004. Testimony by OMB Director Mitchell Daniels.
02/05/03 — House Budget Committee hearing: Department of the Treasury Budget
Priorities for FY2004. Testimony by John W. Snow, secretary of the treasury.
1CBO Budget and Economic Outlook: Fiscal Years 2004-2013, p.xvii.

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02/05/03 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s FY2004 Budget
Proposals. Testimony by OMB Director Mitchell Daniels.
02/10/03 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
02/11/03 — House Budget Committee releases briefing book, entitled The
P r e s i d e n t ’ s B u d g e t f o r F i s c a l Y e a r 2 0 0 4 .
[http://www.house.gov/budget/prezbriefbk04.htm].
02/11/03 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s International Affairs
Budget. Testimony by Colin Powell, secretary of state.
02/12/03 — House Budget Committee hearing: Department of Transportation
Budget Priorities. Testimony by Michael Jackson, deputy secretary of transportation.
02/13/03 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s Transportation
Budget Proposals. Testimony by Michael Jackson, deputy secretary of
transportation.
02/13/03 — House Budget Committee hearing: State Department Priorities for
FY2004. Testimony by Colin Powell, secretary of state.
02/26/03 — House Budget Committee hearing: Department of Health and Human
Services Budget Priorities. Testimony by Tommy Thompson, secretary, Department
of Health and Human Services.
02/26/03 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: The President’s FY2004 Budget
Proposals for Medicare and Medicaid. Testimony by Tommy Thompson, secretary,
Department of Health and Human Services.
02/27/03 — House Budget Committee hearing: Department of Defense Budget
Priorities for FY2004. Testimony by Paul Wolfowitz, deputy secretary of defense.
03/06/03 — CBO publishes Budget Options, March 2003, intended to help inform
policymakers about options for the federal budget. The report presents a broad range
of possibilities, focusing on the effects of paying down the debt, options to cut
spending or to increase it, and options to cut taxes or to increase revenues.
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=4066&sequence=0]
03/06/03 — House Budget Committee hearing: Member’s Day Budget Priorities,
FY2004.
03/07/03 — CBO releases An Analysis of the President’s Budgetary Proposals for
Fiscal Year 2004 [http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=4129&sequence=0].
Under the President’s proposals, CBO’s revised baseline estimates that the deficit
at the end of FY2003 and FY2004 would rise to $287 billion and $338 billion,
respectively. Under the President’s plan, over the 2004-2013 period, revenues would
grow at an average annual rate of 6.5%, while the growth in outlays would slow to
an average annual rate of 4.9%. Over those 10 years, under the President’s policies,
deficits would persist but slowly decline, totaling roughly $1.8 trillion. However,

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annual deficits would be small as a percentage of the economy — less than 2% in
most years.
03/10/03 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review
03/12/03 — House Budget Committee hearing: FY2004 Budget Resolution Markup.
P roceedi n gs i n c l u de consi d erat i on of t he C h ai rm an’s m ark
[http://www.house.gov/budget/congbudget.htm]. See Table 3 above, the FY2004
Budget Resolution Chart of FY2004 Legislative Action.
03/12/03 — Senate Budget Committee hearing: Markup of the FY2004 Budget
Resolution. Proceedings include presentation of the Chairman’s mark
[http://www.senate.gov/~budget/republican/pressarchive/2004-Mark.pdf].
03/13/03 — Hearing continued: Markup of the FY2004 Budget Resolution.
03/25/03 — House Budget Committee hearing: CBO Analysis of the President’s
Budget. Testimony by CBO Director Douglas Holt-Eakin.
03/26/03 — Senate passes H.Con.Res. 95 by a vote of 56-44, roll call vote #108 .
The Senate then vitiated the previous S.Con.Res. 23, after incorporating Senate
amendments into H.Con.Res. 95 by unanimous consent. See Table 3 above on the
FY2004 Budget Resolution Chart of Legislative Action.
04/02/03 — Conference Committee hearing held on the FY2004 Budget Resolution,
H.Con.Res.95.
04/09/03 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
04/16/03 — President signs the Emergency Wartime Supplemental Appropriations
Act, 2003, P.L. 108-11. This act contains a total of $78.45 billion in supplemental
FY2003 funding. The largest fund contains $59.9 billion for the Department of
Defense Emergency Response fund for costs associated with the war in Iraq, the
continued U.S. presence in Afghanistan, enhanced security at U.S. military bases, and
postwar occupation in Iraq. The bill also contains funding for airline assistance,
homeland security programs, and international food aid for Iraq. For more details on
this legislation, see CRS Report RL31829, Supplemental Appropriations
FY2003:Iraq Conflict, Afghanistan, Global War on Terrorism, and Homeland
Security.
05/09/03 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
05/27/03 — President signs P.L. 108-24 (H.J.Res. 51), increasing the statutory limit
on the public debt. The enactment of this legislation raised the statutory debt limit
by $984 billion to $7.384 trillion from the previous limit of $6.4 trillion enacted on
June 28, 2002, P.L. 107-199. The House adoption of H.Con.Res. 95, the FY2004
Budget Resolution, on April 11, 2003, generated debt limit legislation (H.J.Res. 51)

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“deemed passed by the House.” The Senate passed H.J.Res. 51 on May 23, 2003, by
a vote of 53-44 (S. vote 202).2
06/09/2003 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
06/20/2003 — S.Rept. 108-77 is filed containing 302(b) allocations to Senate
appropriations subcommittees.
06/23/2003 — H.Rept. 108-171 is filed containing 302(b) allocation to House
appropriations subcommittees.
07/07/2003 — President submits an FY2003 supplemental appropriations request
totaling $1.9 billion for the Departments of Agriculture, Homeland Security, Interior,
a n d t h e N a t i o n a l A e r o n a u t i c s a n d S p a c e A d m i n i s t r a t i o n .
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/amendments.htm]. Click on estimate 12.
07/09/2003 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
07/15/2003 — OMB releases the OMB Mid-Session Review. This update of the
President’s FY2004 Budget contains revised estimates of the budget deficit, receipts,
outlays, and budget authority for FY2003 through FY2008, and other summary
information as required by statute. The OMB estimate for the FY2003 deficit is $455
billion, up from the $304 billion deficit estimated by OMB in February 2003. OMB
cites weaker than expected economic growth, new funding for Operation Iraqi
Freedom, enactment of larger than previously proposed “jobs and growth”
legislation, and other legislation and policy changes as reasons for the increased
deficit estimates. The OMB estimated deficit for FY2004, $475 billion, will fall to
an estimated level of $226 billion in FY2008.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/fy2004/msr.html]
07/16/2003 — House Budget Committee hearing: OMB Mid-Session Review.
Testimony by OMB Director Joshua Bolten.
07/24/2003 — House Budget Committee hearing: The Economic Costs of Long-Term
Federal Obligations. Testimony by CBO Director Douglas Holtz-Eakin.
08/08/2003 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
08/08/2003 — President signs the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for
Disaster Relief Act, 2003, P.L. 108-69. For more details on this legislation, see CRS
Report RL31999, Disaster Relief and Response: FY2003 Supplemental
Appropriations.
2See CRS Report RL31967, The Debt Limit: The Need for Increases, for more information
on the debt limit increases. For more information on H.J.Res 51 deemed passed by the
House with the adoption of H.Con.Res. 95, see CRS Report RL31913, Developing Debt-
Limit Legislation: The House’s Gephardt Rule.

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08/26/2003 — CBO releases The Budget and Economic Outlook: An Update
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=4493&sequence=0]. CBO projects that
current policies will produce deficits of $401 billion in 2003 and $480 billion in
2004. The CBO deficit projection for 2003 is $54 billion less than the OMB
projection issued in the July 2003 OMB Mid Session Review. The CBO baseline
deficit projection for 2004 is $5 billion more than OMB figures released in July (and
$22 billion higher than OMB’s baseline). The CBO notes that the deficits “reflect
the recent economic slowdown as well as legislation enacted over the past few years
that has reduced revenues and rapidly increased spending for defense and many other
programs.” The CBO projects a decline in baseline deficits beginning in FY2005,
which becomes a surplus beginning in FY2012. The projection assumes that budget
authority for discretionary programs will grow at a rate of inflation (projected to
average 2.7% over the next 10 years, a much lower rate of growth than experienced
over the last several years), and that current policies will remain in place, including
the future automatic repeal of most of the tax cuts adopted over the last three years.
09/09/2003 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
09/17/2003 — The President submits a request to Congress for 2004 supplemental
appropriations for ongoing military and intelligence operations in Iraq, Afghanistan,
and elsewhere. The request totals $87 billion that primarily funds ongoing military
operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as relief and reconstruction activities in
those countries. The request includes $65.6 billion for Department of Defense and
classified activities, $20.3 billion for the Iraq Relief and Reconstruction Fund for use
by the Iraq Coalition Provisional Authority, $800 million for security and
reconstruction needs in Afghanistan, and $140 million for State Department
operations in Iraq. The text of the President’s request is available on the OMB
Supplementals, Budget Amendments, and Releases Internet site at
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/amendments.htm], click on estimate 17.3
09/30/2003 — The President signs the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2004,
P.L. 108-83.
09/30/2003 — The President signs the first Continuing Appropriations Act for
FY2004, P.L. 108-84. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the
FY2003 level from October 1, 2003, through October 31, 2003.

09/30/2003 — The President signs the Department of Defense Appropriations Act,
2004, P.L. 108-87.
10/01/2003 — The President signs the Department of Homeland Security Act, 2004,
P.L. 108-90.
10/09/2003 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
3See also CRS Report RL32090, FY2004 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq,
Afghanistan, and the Global War on Terror: Military Operations, Reconstruction
Assistance, and Other Activities.

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10/20/2003 — Treasury Secretary John Snow and OMB Director Joshua Bolton
announce actual budget results for the fiscal year that ended September 30, 2003.
Federal receipts for FY2003 totaled $1,782 billion and federal outlays totaled $2,157
billion. The actual federal deficit for FY2003 was $374 billion. For further details,
see [http://www.ustreas.gov/press/releases/js916.htm].
10/31/2003 — The President signs the second Continuing Appropriations Act for
2004, P.L. 108-104. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the
FY2003 level from November 1, 2003, through November 7, 2003.
11/06/2003 — The President signs the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act
for Defense and for the Reconstruction of Iraq and Afghanistan, 2004, P.L. 108-106.
This legislation provides a total of approximately $87.5 billion in supplemental
appropriations funding. For more details on this legislation, see CRS Report
RL32090, FY2004 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq, Afghanistan, and the
Global War on Terrorism: Military Operations & Reconstruction Assistance.
11/07/2003 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
11/07/2003 — The President signs the third Continuing Appropriations Act for
FY2004, P.L. 108-107. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the
FY2003 level from November 8, 2003, through November 21, 2003.
11/10/2003 — The President signs the Department of Interior and Related Agencies
Appropriations Act, 2004, P.L. 108-108.
11/22/2003 — The President signs the Military Construction Appropriations Act,
2004, P.L. 108-132.
11/22/2003 — The President signs the fourth Continuing Appropriations Act for
FY2004, P.L. 108-135. This legislation provides continued appropriations at the
FY2003 level from November 22, 2003, through January 31, 2004.
12/01/2003 — The President signs the Energy and Water Development
Appropriations Act, 2004, P.L. 108-137.
12/05/2003 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
12/16/2003 — The President signs the fifth Continuing Appropriations Act for
FY2004, P.L. 108-185. Like the fourth continuing resolution, this legislation
provides continued appropriations at the FY2003 level through January 31, 2004, but
contains additional provisions for two programs. It increases the Federal Housing
Administration (FHA) loan guarantee to $7.7 billion and provides funding for the
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Office of Security and Investigations.
01/07/2004 — CBO releases Monthly Budget Review.
01/23/2004 — The President signs the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and
Drug Administration, and Related Appropriations Act, 2004, P.L. 108-199. This
consolidated bill (H.R. 2763) contains FY2004 appropriations for Agriculture,

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Commerce-Justice-State, District of Columbia, Foreign Operations, Labor-HHS-
Education, Transportation-Treasury, VA-HUD, and Miscellaneous Appropriations
and Offsets. CRS has compiled an online page guide to the conference report
(H.Rept.108-401) for this legislation, which is available at
[http://www.congress.gov/omni2004/omni2004.html]. The guide contains links to
frequently mentioned sections and titles in the legislation and the legislative text,
joint explanatory statement text, and tables corresponding to each of the
appropriations contained in the bill.
Where Can I Find ... on the Internet?
Links to other useful sources on the Internet not previously cited in this report.
Appropriations
Full-text FY2000-2004 Appropriations Bills, Reports, Laws
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro04.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro03.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro02.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro01.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro00.html]
House and Senate Appropriations Committees’ Home Pages
[http://www.house.gov/appropriations/]
[http://www.senate.gov/~appropriations/ ]
Appropriations “Seven-Day-After Reports” are issued by the White House on
appropriations legislation within seven days of enactment.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/legislative/7day/index.html]
OMB Supplementals, Amendments, and Releases includes OMB requests for
FY2003 supplementals, including the “Operation Iraqi Freedom” FY2003
supplemental request of March 25, 2003.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/amendments.htm]
Discretionary Appropriations (CBO). Estimates of discretionary appropriations,
budget authority, and outlays. (Located on the CBO website under “Budget and
Economic Information”). [http://www.cbo.gov/]
Unauthorized Appropriations and Expiring Authorizations (CBO). “The
purpose of the report is to help the Congress adopt authorizing legislation that should
be in place before it considers the 13 regular appropriation bills for FY2004 ...”
[http://www.cbo.gov/byclasscat.cfm?class=0&cat=6]

CRS-12
Background and Glossaries of Budget Concepts and Terms
CBO Glossary of Budget and Economic Terms
A companion piece to the CBO Budget and Economic Outlook.
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=3280&sequence=0]
House Budget Committee Budget Tutorial Page
[http://www.house.gov/budget/budgettutorial.htm]
Senate Budget Committee Budget Background Page
Includes link to the Senate committee print, The Congressional Budget Process.
[http://www.senate.gov/~budget/republican/reference_and_other_budget.html]
Senate Appropriations Committee Budget Process Page
Provides brief overview of the budget process and the growth of mandatory versus
discretionary spending in recent decades.
[http://www.senate.gov/~appropriations/budgetprocess/budgetprocess.htm]
Budget Supporting Documents, Committee Information,
Monthly Budget Review (Analysis)
Budget and Supporting Documents
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/index.html]
Supplemental Appropriations in the 1990s
Report by the CBO covering FY1990 through FY1999, issued March 2001.
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=2768&sequence=0&from=7]
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
[http://www.cbo.gov/]
Congressional Committees
House and Senate Budget Committees’ Websites
[http://www.house.gov/budget/]
[http://www.senate.gov/~budget/]
House and Senate Appropriations Committees’ Websites
[http://www.house.gov/appropriations/]
[http://www.senate.gov/~appropriations]
House Ways and Means Committee Website
[http://www.house.gov/ways_means/]
Senate Finance Committee Website
[http://www.senate.gov/~finance/]

CRS-13
Monthly Budget Review
Access to the current edition and archives of the Monthly Budget Review (CBO). Go
to the CBO website and click on the Monthly Budget Review link under the “Budget
and Economic Information” banner. [http://www.cbo.gov/]
Cost Estimates of Legislation (CBO)
Cost Estimates of Non-Appropriation Bills
“CBO prepares cost estimates and mandates statements for all bills ordered reported
by a full committee of the Congress.... Unless listed separately, intergovernmental
and private-sector mandates statements for each bill are included in the cost
estimate.” Search by bill number, word or phrase, committee, or budget function.
[http://www.cbo.gov/CESearch.htm]
Cost Estimates of Appropriation Bills: CBO’s Current Status of Discretionary
Appropriations
Cost estimates for appropriations bills are provided in tables of budget authority and
outlays for the current and previous fiscal year. “Current status” refers to the latest
stage of action taken by the Congress on an appropriation bill.
[http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=2049&sequence=0]
Debt
“Debt to the Penny.” The Bureau of the Public Debt provides daily and historical
data. [http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/opd/opdpenny.htm]
The gross federal debt as of September 30, 2003, the end of FY2003, was
$6,783,231,062,743.62. The gross federal debt as of September 30, 2002, the end of
FY2002, was $6,228,235,965,597.16.
“Debt held by the Public.” Federal debt consists of two components: debt held by
the public and debt held by intragovernmental holdings such as Social Security and
other trust funds. [http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/opd/opdpdodt.htm]
The debt held by the public as of September 30, 2003, the end of FY2003, was
$3,924,090,106,880.88. The debt held by the public as of September 30, 2002, the
end of FY2002, was $3,553,180,247,874.74. This component of the gross federal
debt was reduced by $453 billion between the beginning of FY1998 and the end of
FY2001. The federal government accrued a federal deficit beginning in FY2002,
which has precluded reductions in federal debt held by the public.
Debt Per Capita
To find the debt per capita, divide the debt by the population, using these two sites:
[http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/opd/opdpenny.htm]
[http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/popclock].
Federal Debt: Answers to Frequently Asked Questions — An Update is a publication
of the General Accounting Office (GAO). It is an “... attempt to provide the
information in a clear, concise and easily understandable manner for a nontechnical
audience.” GAO/OCG-99-27, May 28, 1999.

CRS-14
[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/gaoreports/index.html]
(Type “OCG-99-27” in Report Number Box.)
CRS Reports on Debt
CRS Report RL31967. The Debt Limit: The Need for Increases.
CRS Report 98-453. Debt-Limit Legislation in the Congressional Budget Process
CRS Report RL31913. Developing Debt-Limit Legislation: The House “Gephardt
Rule.”
CRS Report RS21519. Legislative Procedures for Adjusting the Public Debt Limit:
A Brief Overview.
CRS Report RS20645. Recent Changes in the Federal Debt and Its Major
Components.
Financial Statements
Financial Management Service (U.S. Treasury)
Access to the Monthly Treasury Statement, Treasury Bulletin, Financial Report of
the United States Government, and Annual Report of the U.S. Government.
[http://fms.treas.gov/publications.html]
Financial Statements of the U.S. Government
Access to federal financial statements including the Financial Report of the United
States Government and the Combined Statement of Receipts, Outlays, and Balances
of the United States Government.
[http://fms.treas.gov/fr/index.html]
General Accounting Office (GAO)
[http://www.gao.gov/]
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/]
Statements of Administration Policy
Statements and veto indicators on 108th legislation scheduled for House or Senate
floor action. Display by bill number (includes nonappropriations measures),
appropriations bill, or by subcommittee.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/legislative/sap/index.html]

CRS-15
CRS Resources
Selected CRS Products
CRS Report RS21456. Budget and Related Documents: Internet Access and GPO
Availability.
CRS Report RL31784. The Budget for Fiscal Year 2004.
CRS Info Pack 012B. Budget Process.
CRS Report 97-684. Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction.
CRS Report RL31754. Congressional Budget Actions in 2003.
CRS Report RS20095. The Congressional Budget Process: A Brief Overview.
CRS Report RL30297. Congressional Budget Resolutions: Selected Statistics and
Information Guide.
CRS Report RL30343. Continuing Appropriations Acts: Brief Overview of Recent
Practices.
CRS Report RL31999. Disaster Relief and Response: FY2003 Supplemental
Appropriations.
CRS Report RS21684. FY2004 Consolidated Appropriations Resolution: Reference
Guide.
CRS Report RL32090. FY2004 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq, Afghanistan,
and the Global War on Terror: Military Operations, Reconstruction Assistance,
and Other Activities.
CRS Report 98-721. Introduction to the Federal Budget Process.
CRS Report 98-720. Manual on the Federal Budget Process.
CRS Report RL31829. Supplemental Appropriations FY2003: Iraq Conflict,
Afghanistan, Global War on Terrorism, and Homeland Security.
CRS Report RL30854. Uncertainty in Budget Projections.
CRS Budget Fact Sheets
Fact sheets summarizing more than 40 different topics related to the budget and
appropriations process may be accessed by congressional staff on the CRS website.
[http://www.crs.gov/products/guides/budget/explanations/BudgetExplanations.shtml]

CRS-16
CRS Budget Process Institutes
CRS offers introductory and advanced seminars designed to provide a
foundation for understanding of the federal budget process. More information on the
content of these seminars and coming event dates may be found on the CRS
Orientations, Seminars, and Institutes Web page under the Budget Process Institutes
heading. [http://www.crs.gov/services/general/briefings.shtml]
CRS Appropriations / Budget Website
An overview and summary of the status of all appropriations bills, providing bill
and public law numbers, dates of passage, votes, and hypertext links to full texts of
the bills, public laws, and related reports are also available on the CRS website at
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]. Appropriation status
tables and CRS products for previous fiscal years back to FY1998 are also available
on this site. The general public should use THOMAS [http://thomas.loc.gov]. Scroll
down to the “Status of FY2004 Appropriations Bills” link.

CRS-17
Appendix:
Contact Information for Executive Agencies and
Congressional Committees and Offices
Executive Agency Budget Sites
How to Locate Agencies, Departments, and Programs in Appropriations Bills
“I’m looking for a particular program, but I don’t know which appropriation bill it’s in.”
Indexes for finding specific entities in the 13 appropriations bills can be consulted at
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appprogs.shtml].
FY2004 budget information or budget overviews of the cabinet departments and
agencies are available at the sites listed below.
Table 4. Executive Agency Budget Websites
Agriculture
[http://www.usda.gov/agency/obpa/Home-Page/obpa.html]
Commerce
[http://www.osec.doc.gov/bmi/budget/04bib/04bib.pdf]
Defense
[http://www.dtic.mil/comptroller/defbudget/fy2004/index.html]
Education
[http://www.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/budget04/index.html
?src=rt]
Energy
[http://www.cfo.doe.gov/budget/04budget/index.htm]
Health and Human
[http://www.hhs.gov/budget/docbudget.htm]
Services
Homeland Security
[http://www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/display?theme=43&content=443]
Housing and Urban
[http://www.hud.gov/about/budget/fy04/index.cfm]
Development
Interior
[http://www.doi.gov/budget/2004/04Hilites/toc.html]
Justice
[http://www.usdoj.gov/jmd/2004summary/]
Labor
[http://www.dol.gov/_sec/Budget2004/overview-toc.htm]
State
[http://www.state.gov/m/rm/rls/bib]
Transportation
[http://www.dot.gov/bib2004/bibindex.html]
Treasury
[http://www.treas.gov/offices/management/budget/budgetinbrief/
fy2004/index.html]
Veterans Affairs
[http://www.va.gov/budget/summary/index.htm]
Budget information on independent agencies — such as the Environmental
Protection Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, etc. — may be
found in the FY2004 Budget of the United States, Appendix volume. On the Internet,
connect to the Web address below, click on the name of the executive or independent
agency or click on “Other Independent Agencies” for those agencies not listed.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/fy2004/app_down.html]

CRS-18
Useful Addresses and Phone Numbers
Table 5 gives the addresses and phone numbers of House and Senate
committees and executive agency and legislative bureaus and offices concerned with
the budget process.
Table 5. Addresses and Phone Numbers
Appropriations Committee,
H-218 The Capitol
(202) 225-2771
House
Washington, D.C. 20515-6015
Appropriations Committee,
S-128 The Capitol
(202) 224-7363
Senate
Washington, D.C. 20510-6025
Budget Committee, House
309 Cannon House Office Building
(202) 226-7270
Washington, D.C. 20515-6065
Budget Committee, Senate
624 Dirks Senate Office Building
(202) 224-0642
Washington, D.C. 20510-6100
Bureau of the Census
Federal Center
Publications:
(Customer Service
Suitland, MD 20233
(301) 457-4100
Department)
Bureau of the Public Debt
999 E Street, N.W.
(202) 691-3502
Washington, D.C. 20239-0001
Congressional Budget Office
475 Ford House Office Building
Publications:
(CBO)
Washington, D.C. 20515
(202) 226-2809
Federal Reserve
20th and Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Publications:
Washington, D.C. 20551
(202) 452-3245
General Accounting Office
441 G Street, N.W.
Publications:
(GAO)
Washington, D.C. 20548
Congressional
offices:
(202) 512-4400
Public:
(202) 512-6000
Government Printing Office
Superintendent of Documents
Publications:
(GPO)
P.O. Box 371954
Congressional
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954
offices:
(202) 512-1991
Public:
(202) 512-1800

CRS-19
Joint Committee on Taxation
[House]
1015 Longworth House Office
(202) 225-3621
Building
Washington, D.C. 20515-6453
[Senate]
204 Dirksen Senate Office
Building
(202) 224-5561
Washington, D.C. 20510-001
Office of Management and
Old Executive Office Building
Budget (OMB)
17th Street and Pennsylvania
Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20503
(202) 395-3080
Congressional Offices
(202)395-4790
Treasury Department
1500 Pennsylvania Avenue,
Publications:
N.W.
(202) 622-2970
Washington, D.C. 20220