Appropriations for FY2002: An Overview

Appropriations for FY2002: An Overview

Order Code RL31000
CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web
Appropriations for FY2002:
An Overview
Updated March 12, 2002
Mary Frances Bley
Information Research Specialist
Information Research Division
Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget
resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and
budget reconciliation bills. The process begins with the President’s budget request and is
bound by the rules of the House and Senate, the Congressional Budget and Impoundment
Control Act of 1974 (as amended), the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990, and current program
authorizations.
This report is a guide to the CRS Appropriation Report Series, 13 reports that summarize the
legislative status of the appropriation bills, major issues, funding levels, and provide listings
of key CRS staff relevant to the issues covered.
This report will not be updated.
NOTE: A Web version of this document with active links is
available to congressional staff at:
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml].

Appropriations for FY2002:
An Overview
Summary
This report provides an overview of the Congressional Research Service FY2002
Appropriations Report Series, and summarizes selected action on regular bills,
supplemental measures, and continuing resolutions. This report will not be updated.
Appropriations Vote Status Page:
Access to legislation, votes, and CRS analysis.
Internet: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
FY2002 Appropriations Report Series
CRS Report RL31001, Agriculture and Related Agencies
CRS Report RL31009, Commerce, Justice, State, Judiciary, and Related Agencies
CRS Report RL31005, Defense: Appropriations and Authorization
CRS Report RL31013, District of Columbia
CRS Report RL31007, Energy and Water Development
CRS Report RL31011, Foreign Operations and Export Financing
CRS Report RL31006, Interior and Related Agencies
CRS Report RL31003, Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education
CRS Report RL31012, Legislative Branch
CRS Report RL31010, Military Construction
CRS Report RL31008, Transportation and Related Agencies
CRS Report RL31002, Treasury, Postal Service, Executive Office of the President
CRS Report RL31004, Veterans Affairs, Housing and Urban Development

Contents
Most Recent Developments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Terrorism Supplemental: CRS Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Terrorism Supplemental OMB Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
FY2001 Budget Surplus: $127.2 billion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Appropriations Status Table (Bills, Votes, Analysis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Appropriations Product Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Appropriations Coordinators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Agriculture, Rural Development, FDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Commerce, Justice, State, Judiciary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
District of Columbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Energy and Water Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Foreign Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Labor/HHS/Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Legislative Branch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Military Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Treasury/Postal Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Veterans Affairs/Housing and Urban Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
For Additional Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Appropriations and Budget Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Budget FY2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Continuing Resolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Debt and Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Social Security Surplus (Off-Budget) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Internet Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Appropriation Bills, Reports, Laws, Vetoes (FY1997-FY2002) . . . . . . . . 16
Appropriation Committees Sites, Publications, Membership . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Budget Process Institutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Budget Timetable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
CBO Current Status of Discretionary Appropriations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
CBO Budget Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
CBO Unauthorized Appropriations/Expiring Authorizations . . . . . . . . . . 16
Debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Floor Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Glossaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Locating Agencies/Programs in Appropriation Bills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
OMB Supplemental Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
OMB Veto Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Rules Committee—House (Special Rules) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
302(b) Spending Allocations Appropriation Subcommittees . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Budget/Appropriations Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Budget Resolution Votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
List of Tables
Table 1. Administration Requests/Amounts Enacted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Table 2. Discretionary/Mandatory Outlays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Appropriations for FY2002:
An Overview
Most Recent Developments
For the most recent appropriations bill status and developments, see the FY2002
Appropriations Table [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml].
Terrorism Supplemental: CRS Products
! CRS Report RL31187, Terrorism Spending: Congressional Debate on
Emergency Supplemental Allocations by Amy Belasco and Larry Nowels.
! CRS Report RL31173, Terrorism Funding: Emergency Supplemental
Appropriations Distribution of Funds to Departments and Agencies, by James
R. Riehl.
! “Budget and Appropriations” section of the CRS Terrorism Briefing Book,
[http://www.congress.gov/brbk/html/ebter1.shtml].
Terrorism Supplemental OMB Requests
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Estimates 13-23 concern
emergency terrorism supplementals. Estimate 9 is the defense supplemental request
of June 27, 2001. (Note: Estimates 1 and 2 are from the Clinton Administration.)
[http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/fy2002/amndsup.html]
FY2001 Budget Surplus: $127.2 billion
On October 29, 2001, OMB and the Treasury Department released the budget
results for FY2001, showing the unified surplus at $127.2 billion, or 1.3% of the
Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The on-budget (non-Social Security) deficit was
$33.5 billion, and the off-budget (Social Security) surplus was $160.7 billion. In
nominal terms, the surplus is the second largest in U.S. history.
Press Release: [http://www.ustreas.gov/press/releases/po734.htm]
For information on the FY2002 budget, see CRS Issue Brief IB10079, The
Budget for Fiscal Year 2002.
Appropriations Status Table (Bills, Votes, Analysis)
For the most current appropriation votes:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]

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Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
Constituents (THOMAS): [http://thomas.loc.gov/home/approp/appover.html]
Appropriations Product Series
The CRS Appropriations/Budget Products Page provides direct access to a CRS
product series providing analysis for each of the 13 appropriations bills. Also
included is an Appropriations Status Chart providing access to appropriations votes
(including continuing resolutions), bills, reports, and public laws. Other access points
include information on supplemental proposals, a budget chronology and overview
with active Internet links, a list of key CRS policy staff, and a guide to locating federal
agencies, departments, and programs in appropriations bills:
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apppage.shtml].
Appropriations Coordinators
Area of Expertise
Name
Tel.
Agriculture
Ralph Chite
7-7296
Commerce, Justice, State, Judiciary
Susan Epstein
7-6678
Defense
Amy Belasco
7-7627
Steve Daggett
7-7642
District of Columbia
Eugene P. Boyd
7-8689
Michael Fauntroy
7-0635
Energy/Water
Carl Behrens
7-8303

Marc Humphries
7-7264
Foreign Operations
Larry Nowels
7-7645
Interior
Carol Hardy Vincent
7-8651

Susan Boren
7-6899
Labor, HHS, Education
Paul M. Irwin
7-7573
Legislative Branch
Paul E. Dwyer
7-8668
Military Construction
Daniel H. Else
7-4996
Transportation
Robert Kirk
7-7769

Randy Peterman
7-3267
Treasury, Postal Service
Sharon Gressle
7-8677
Veterans, Housing and Urban
Dennis W. Snook
7-7314
Development
Richard Bourdon
7-7806
Agriculture, Rural Development, FDA
P.L. 107-76 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31001, Appropriations for FY2002: U.S. Department of Agriculture
and Related Agencies, coordinated by Ralph M. Chite:

CRS-3
December 3, 2001 (Summary)
On November 28, 2001, the President signed into law the FY2002 Agriculture
Appropriations Act (P.L. 107-76, H.R. 2330), which provides $75.902 billion in
budget authority for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and related
agencies. The amount provided in the Act is $118 million below the Senate-passed
level, $1.3 billion above the House-passed level, $1.6 billion above the Administration
request, and $2.5 billion above the enacted FY2001 level (excluding FY2001
supplementals).
The House- and Senate-passed versions of H.R. 2330 differed by about $1.5
billion going into conference. The largest dollar difference between the two bills was
that the Senate bill provided a food stamp contingency reserve of $2 billion, while the
House bill contained $1 billion, as recommended by the Administration. Conferees
concurred with the Senate level of $2 billion for the reserve.
Among other major differences resolved by conferees – conferees dropped a
provision only in the House bill that would have allowed consumers to import Federal
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs into the United States.
Conferees also provided $75 million in market loss assistance for apple growers,
compared with $150 million in the House-passed bill and no funding in the Senate bill.
The Senate-passed bill contained significantly more funding for USDA rural
development programs, particularly for the Rural Community Advancement Program
(RCAP), with $1.0 billion in the Senate bill compared with $767.5 million in the
House bill. Conferees provided $806 million for RCAP and $2.581 billion for all rural
development programs, levels much closer to the House bill than the Senate.
Conferees also extended the dairy price support program through May 31, 2002, a
provision found in neither bill.
As in previous years’ appropriations measures, P.L. 107-76 limits funding for
several USDA mandatory programs and applies the savings toward discretionary
spending. This includes a prohibition of all FY2002 funding for the Fund for Rural
America, the research-oriented Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems,
and the Conservation Farm Option. P.L. 107-76 also assumes no new funding for
several mandatory conservation programs that have exhausted their authorized
funding. Report language in both the House and the Senate encourages USDA to
continue funding the Global Food for Education Initiative, which was funded at $300
million in FY2001.
Separate from the appropriations process, but related to federal farm spending,
a supplemental authorization act (P.L. 107-25) enacted on August 13, 2001, provided
$5.5 billion to help farmers recover from low commodity prices. The supplemental
(P.L. 107-38) enacted in response to the terrorist attacks has provided $72 million to
date for P.L. 480 food assistance for Afghans, with a portion of the funding in the Act
unallocated.
Commerce, Justice, State, Judiciary
P.L. 107-77 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]

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CRS Report RL31009, Appropriations for FY2002: Commerce, Justice, and State,
the Judiciary, and Related Agencies, coordinated by Susan B. Epstein:
February 13, 2002 (Summary)
This report tracks action by the 107th Congress on FY2002 appropriations for
the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and other related
agencies (often referred to as CJS appropriations). President Bush’s FY2002 budget
request totaled $40.81 billion, about $1 billion (2.6%) above the FY2001 total. The
House agreed to $41.46 billion, the committee total, and passed the bill (H.R. 2500)
on July 18. The Senate Appropriations Committee recommended a total of $41.53
billion (S. 1215). The Senate passed its version of H.R. 2500, as amended, on
September 13, 2001. Conferees met on November 8 and agreed to a total funding
level of $39.3 billion. The bill was signed into law (P.L. 107-77) on November 2,
2001.
Department of Justice. The FY2002 request was $21.11 billion, less than 1%
above the FY2001 enacted level. Key issues included: addressing terrorism; reducing
gun crimes through enforcement of existing laws; combating drug abuse; funding for
community policing programs under the Office of Justice Programs; restructuring the
Immigration and Naturalization Service; reducing pending immigration and
naturalization caseloads, and increasing border enforcement. Congress passed $21.7
billion for this agency.
Department of Commerce. The FY2002 request was $5.1 billion, 2% below the
FY2001 funding level. Congress debated such issues as funding for the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) next-generation weather
satellites; local economic development activities; and the Technology Opportunities
Program (TOP) grants. The enacted FY2002 budget for Commerce totaled $5.4
billion.
Department of State. The FY2002 request was $7.5 billion, nearly 14% above
the FY2001 enacted level. The Department had three top priorities in its FY2002
budget: hiring about 600 new staff in Foreign and Civil Service, as well as security
professionals; continuing increases in embassy security; and more than doubling its
current funds for information technology improvements worldwide. Congress passed
$7.4 billion.
The Judiciary. The FY2002 request was $4.9 billion, 14.5% above the FY2001
funding level. The Judiciary request included funds for cost-of-living salary increases
for federal judges and justices, as well as $117 million for the first major renovation
of the Supreme Court building since its opening in 1935. Congress approved $4.61
billion, an 8.4% increase over FY2001, including $37.5 million for the Supreme Court
building and $8.6 million for a cost-of-living pay adjustment for judges and justices.
Defense
P.L. 107-117 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]

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CRS Report RL31005, Appropriations and Authorization for FY2002: Defense,
coordinated by Amy Belasco and Stephen Daggett:
February 2, 2002 (Excerpts from Summary and Most Recent Developments)
Appropriations. On January 10, 2002, the President signed P.L. 107-117 (H.R.
3338), the FY2002 Department of Defense (DOD) Appropriations Act. In addition
to providing the funding requested by the Administration for DOD, the Act allocated
$20 billion from the Emergency Terrorism Response Supplemental (P.L. 107-38).
Authorization. The President signed P.L. 107-107 (S.1438, H.Rept. 107-333),
the FY2002 National Defense Authorization Act for FY2002. The Act provides
$343.3 billion as requested by the Administration and authorizes another round of
base closures, but delays the date to 2005, settling the chief issue in contention.
District of Columbia
P.L. 107-96 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31013, Appropriations for FY2002: District of Columbia,
coordinated by Eugene Boyd and Michael Fauntroy.
January 10, 2002 (Summary)
On December 21, 2001, President Bush signed into law the District of
Columbia Appropriations Act for FY2002, P.L.107-96 (formerly H.R. 2944).
Two weeks earlier, the House on December 6, 2001, and the Senate on December
7, 2001, approved the conference report accompanying H.R. 2944, after resolving
significant differences in the general provisions of their respective versions of the
Act. The Act, which appropriates $408 million in special federal payments,
includes $16 million for reimbursement to the District for the cost of providing
security for a cancelled World Bank and International Monetary Fund meeting, and
for security planning in the wake of the attacks on the Pentagon and World Trade
Center on September 11, 2001. In addition, the Act approves the city’s $5.3
billion operating budget for the current fiscal year. The Act lifts the ban on the use
of District funds for a domestic partners health insurance act approved by the city
council and signed by the mayor in 1992. Congress has maintained the prohibition
on the use of federal and District funds for needle exchange programs, rejecting a
Senate provision that would have lifted the prohibition on the use of District funds
for such activities. The Act lifts the restriction on the location of such activities
near public and charter schools. The Act, as passed by Congress, requires the
District of Columbia public schools to submit to Congress a report that identifies
all judgments against the D.C. public schools under the Individuals with
Disabilities Education Act.
The District’s FY2002 budget request was submitted to Congress on May 25,
2001. The city budget request included $199 million in federal payments to the
District of Columbia. The city’s budget proposal included $5.3 billion in general
operating fund expenditures, and $611 million in enterprise funds. The budget also

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included $78 million in funding for the newly created Health Care Safety Net
Administration, which replaced the city’s discredited Public Benefits Corporation.
Earlier in 2001, House and Senate District of Columbia Appropriations
Subcommittees held hearings that focused on child and family services, and
proposed reforms of the family division of the District of Columbia Superior
Court. P.L. 107-96 includes $24 million for a new Family Court Division of the
District’s Superior Court, including $500,000 for the Child and Family Services
Agency. The committees also held hearings on the courts, corrections, the fiscal
condition of the city, and the future role of the Chief Financial Officer.
On April 30, 2001, the control board, which was created by Congress to
address the city’s fiscal and governance problems, approved a resolution that
abolished the Public Benefits Corporation and transferred responsibility for the
administration of
health care services to the Health Care Safety Net Administration. The Authority
also awarded a contract for health care services to Greater Southeast Community
Hospital and the Health Care Alliance.
Energy and Water Development
P.L. 107-66 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31007, Appropriations for FY2002: Energy and Water
Development, coordinated by Marc Humphries and Carl Behrens:
February 5, 2002 (Most Recent Developments)
The Energy and Water Development appropriations bill includes funding for civil
works projects of the Army Corps of Engineers, the Department of the Interior’s
Bureau of Reclamation (BOR), most of the Department of Energy (DOE), and a
number of independent agencies. The Bush Administration requested $22.5 billion
for these programs for FY2002 compared with $23.6 billion appropriated in FY2001.
The House bill (H.R. 2311), passed on June 28, 2001, allocated $23.7 billion for these
programs. The Senate approved its version of the bill July 19, 2001, with $25.0
billion. The final bill appropriating $25.086 billion was approved by both houses on
November 1, 2001 and enacted on November 12, 2001 as P.L. 107-66.
Key issues involving Energy and Water Development appropriations programs
included:
! authorization of appropriations for major water/ecosystem restoration
initiatives for the Florida Everglades and California “Bay-Delta”;
! general provisions concerning operation of federal water projects on the
Missouri River;
! proposed reductions in spending for solar and renewable energy;
! the electrometallurgical treatment of nuclear spent fuel for storage and
disposal, a process that opponents contend raises nuclear proliferation
concerns;

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! cost and management of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) in DOE’s Nuclear
Weapons Stewardship program;
! restricted funding of physical sciences research in DOE contrasted with major
increases in life sciences research in the National Institutes of Health; and
! proposed higher funding for DOE’s civilian nuclear waste management
program as the Department nears a decision on building a waste repository
under Nevada’s Yucca Mountain.
Foreign Operations
P.L. 107-115 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31011: Appropriations for FY2002: Foreign Operations, Export
Financing, and Related Programs, by Larry Nowels:
February 4, 2002 (Most Recent Developments)
The annual Foreign Operations appropriations bill is the primary legislative
vehicle through which Congress reviews the U.S. foreign aid budget and influences
executive branch foreign policy making generally. It contains the largest share–over
two-thirds–of total U.S. international affairs spending.
President Bush requested $15.167 billion for FY2002 Foreign Operations, an
amount 1.5% higher than enacted FY2001 appropriations. By comparison, foreign
policy resources proposed for State Department, U.N. contributions, and other
non-foreign aid activities would increase by 13.2% from FY2001, in nominal terms.
Although the overall FY2002 Foreign Operations proposed increase was relatively
small–$224 million–some activities funded in FY2001 would either not need new
appropriations or would require smaller resources in FY2002, thereby freeing funds
for other initiatives. After adjusting the FY2001 base amount to reflect these reduced
funding requirements that did not alter current policy, the request represented a higher
increase for Foreign Operations–$698 million, or 4.8% more, in nominal terms.
The FY2002 Foreign Operations request set most accounts at or near FY2001
funding levels, while largely concentrating proposals to increase spending in a few
areas–disaster aid, global health, international narcotics control, and contributions to
the World Bank and other international financial institutions. Likewise, the budget
submission recommended cutting appropriations significantly in two accounts–debt
reduction resources for the Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) initiative and the
Export-Import Bank–but only the latter represented a policy shift.
Except in one area, the FY2002 budget request represented few changes in the
list of top U.S. foreign aid recipients. Israel, Egypt, and Jordan remained the leading
recipients. The most significant change was the increase in aid for Latin American
drug-producing nations. Under the Administration’s Andean Counterdrug Initiative,
Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia would be among the leading 10 recipients of U.S. aid.

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Following nearly 6 months of debate, Congress cleared for the President on
December 20, 2001, a $15.35 billion Foreign Operations Appropriations for FY2002
(P.L. 107-115; H.R. 2506). The measure is roughly midway between levels passed
earlier by the House ($15.17 billion) and the Senate ($15.52 billion), and $178 million
higher than requested by the President. This marks one of the few occasions when
Congress has approved more spending for Foreign Operations than sought by the
Administration. The amount is about $400 million, or 2.7%, higher than for FY2001
(excluding the $1.1 billion for Foreign Operations programs allocated from the
terrorism emergency supplemental measure, P.L. 107-38). Highlights of the bill
include: $779 million for the Export-Import Bank, nearly $100 million more than
requested; $475 million for HIV/AIDS, up from the $429 million proposal; and $625
million for the Andean Counternarcotics Initiative, a cut of $106 million from the
request. The enacted measure drops Senate-passed language overturning the
President’s international family planning restrictions, but approved funding levels for
population aid and UNFPA near the higher Senate-passed amounts.
Interior
P.L. 107-63 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31006, Appropriations for FY2002: Interior and Related Agencies,
coordinated by Carol Hardy-Vincent and Susan Boren:
February 1, 2002 (Summary)
The Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations bill includes funds for the
Department of the Interior (DOI), except the Bureau of Reclamation, and funds for
some agencies or programs within three other departments–Agriculture, Energy, and
Health and Human Services. It also funds numerous smaller agencies.
On April, 9, 2001, President Bush submitted his FY2002 budget for Interior and
Related Agencies, totaling $18.19 billion compared to the $19.07 billion enacted for
FY2001 (P.L. 106-291). These figures reflect scorekeeping adjustments. Title VIII
of the FY2001 law created a new discretionary “conservation spending category.”
On June 19, 2001, the House Appropriations Committee reported the FY2002
Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations bill (H.R. 2217, H.Rept. 107-103). The
House debated and passed H.R. 2217 (376-32) on June 21, 2001, with a total of
$19.0 billion. On June 29, 2001, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported H.R.
2217 (S.Rept. 107-36) with amendments. The Senate debated the bill on July 11 and
12, 2001, and passed H.R. 2217 by voice vote on July 12, 2001,with a total of $18.53
billion, a lower level than the House.
House and Senate conferees met on October 10, 2001, and filed a report
containing their agreement (H.Rept. 107-234) on October 11, 2001. On October 17,
2001, the conference report passed the House (380-28) and the Senate (95-3). The
bill was signed into law on November 5, 2001 (P.L. 107-63).

CRS-9
The FY2002 law contains a total of $19.18 billion, higher than the House and
Senate levels. For agencies within DOI, it contains $9.44 billion, while the Forest
Service is funded at $4.13 billion. There is $1.77 billion for energy programs, and
$2.76 billion for the Indian Health Service. The Smithsonian Institution receives
$497.2 million; the National Endowment for the Arts, $98.2 million; and the National
Endowment for the Humanities, $124.5 million.
The conferees addressed a number of significant energy and mineral issues. The
FY2002 law drops provisions that barred funds from being used to: suspend or revise
existing hardrock mining regulations, implement the Kyoto Protocol, or execute a
final lease agreement for oil and gas drilling in the “Lease Sale 181" area of the Gulf
of Mexico. It includes provisions to bar the use of funds for offshore energy leasing
activities in several areas, and for energy leasing activities within
presidentially-proclaimed national monuments as they were on January 20, 2001. The
law also extends the Recreational Fee Demonstration Program for 2 years, and
modifies the Steel Loan Guarantee Program.
In response to the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001,
a $40 billion emergency supplemental appropriation was enacted (P.L. 107-38). The
National Park Service has received $3.1 million of the initial fund allocation for
emergency response costs in New York City and Washington D.C.
Labor/HHS/Education
P.L. 107-116 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31003, Appropriations for FY2002: Labor, Health and Human
Services, and Education, by Paul M. Irwin:
March 11, 2002 (Summary)
This report tracks the enactment by the 107th Congress of the FY2002
appropriations for the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and
Education, and Related Agencies (L-HHS-ED). This Act provides discretionary
funds for three federal departments and related agencies. The report summarizes
L-HHS-ED discretionary funding issues, but not authorization or entitlement issues.
On April 9, 2001, the President submitted the FY2002 budget request to the
Congress. The L-HHS-ED request was $116.3 billion for discretionary programs; the
FY2001 appropriations was $109.7 billion, enacted primarily through P.L. 106-554.
The House version of the FY2002 L-HHS-ED bill, H.R. 3061, passed with a
discretionary total of $123.5 billion; the Senate version of H.R. 3061 (first reported
as S. 1536) passed with a discretionary total of $124.2 billion. The conference
version of H.R. 3061 was signed into law January 10, 2002, as P.L. 107-116, with a
discretionary total of $124.3 billion, 13.3% more than for FY2001. A series of eight
continuing resolutions provided interim FY2002 funding prior to January 10, 2002.

CRS-10
U.S. Department of Labor (DOL): DOL discretionary appropriations were $11.7
billion in FY2001; $12.0 billion is enacted for FY2002. An increase of $153 million
is provided for job training under the Workforce Investment Act.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS): DHHS discretionary
appropriations were $47.0 billion in FY2001; $54.1 billion is enacted for FY2002.
Increases are enacted of $3.0 billion for the National Institutes of Health, $1.4 billion
for Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), and $1.3 billion for
the Child Care and Development Block Grant. Smaller increases are provided for
Community Health Centers, Ryan White AIDS programs, the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Program Management, and Head Start.
Funding is decreased for the LIHEAP Emergency Allocation.
U.S. Department of Education (ED): ED discretionary appropriations were
$42.2 billion in FY2001; $48.9 billion is enacted for FY2002. Increases are enacted
of $1.6 billion each for Title I Part A Grants to Local Educational Agencies and Pell
Grants, and $1.2 billion for Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part
B Grants to States. Smaller increases are provided for reading programs, Impact Aid,
teaching programs, 21st Century Community Learning Centers, Fund for the
Improvement of Education, English Language Acquisition, and Higher Education
programs. A State Assessments program receives initial funding of $387 million.
School Repair and Renovation, funded at $1.2 billion in FY2001, is terminated.
Related Agencies: Discretionary appropriations for related agencies were $8.7
billion in FY2001; $9.2 billion is enacted for FY2002. Increases are enacted of $277
million for the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program and $167 million for
Administrative Expenses at the Social Security Administration (SSA).
Legislative Branch
P.L. 107-68 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31012, Appropriations for FY2002: Legislative Branch, by Paul
Dwyer:
February 27, 2002 (Summary)
Congress appropriated $2.97 billion for legislative branch operations in FY2002,
an 8.9% increase over the FY2001 funding level of $2.73 billion. The FY2002 bill,
signed into P.L. 107-68, contains funds for 79 new Capitol Police positions, funds for
Capitol Police training programs, language providing comparability in the pay of the
Capitol Police with the Uniformed Division of the Secret Service and the Park Police,
an 18.1% increase in the police budget, an additional $70 million for construction of
the Capitol visitors’ center, and several measures to recruit and retain employees of
the Senate and the congressional support agencies.
The Senate version of the FY2002 bill contained $1.9 billion for legislative
activities, excluding those of the House, a 5.6% ($103.1 million) increase over

CRS-11
FY2001's level of $1.8 billion. The House version contained $2.2 billion, excluding
Senate activities, a 4.4% ($95 million) increase from $2.144 billion in FY2001. Since
final action was not completed by the end of FY2001, Congress approved continuing
resolutions funding the legislative branch at its FY2001 level.
In July 2001, Congress also agreed to a $79.5 million FY2001 legislative branch
supplemental appropriation (P.L. 107-20), containing $61.7 million for House internal
operations, $1 million for the Capitol Police, and $15.9 million for the Government
Printing Office.
The terrorists’ attacks of September 11, 2001, prompted moves toward an even
more stringent security environment on Capitol Hill, which affected the legislative
branch budget. On September 21 and September 28, the President released $86.45
million for Capitol Hill security measures. These funds were part of a $40 billion
FY2001 terrorism emergency supplemental bill approved by Congress on September
14, and signed into P.L. 107-38 on September 18. The President proposed, and
Congress approved, an additional allocation for Capitol complex security of $265.1
million, which, unlike the other allocations for security, required approval by
Congress. The $265.1 million supplemental was contained in P.L. 107-117, the
FY2002 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, signed by the President on
January 10, 2002.
Among elements considered by Congress were proposals to:
! merge the Capitol Hill, Library of Congress, and Government Printing Office
police into a consolidated force; Senate report language directed the General
Accounting Office to study the issue;
! authorize and fund programs to enhance staff retention and recruitment, such
as repayment of student loans, and implementation of performance-based
recognition and compensation proposals; P.L. 107-68 contains language
authorizing student loan repayments for employees of the Senate and
Congressional Budget Office; and
! approve $42.5 million for repair of the Capitol dome; P.L. 107-68 contains
$1.6 million for painting.
Military Construction
P.L. 107-64 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31010, Appropriations for FY2002: Military Construction, by Daniel
H. Else:
November 7, 2001 (Most Recent Developments)
The House Appropriations Committee marked up the Military Construction
Appropriations bill for FY2002 (H.R. 2904) on September 20, 2001, with House
passage the next day on a 401-0 vote (vote no. 344). The Senate Appropriations
Committee marked up its version of the bill (S. 1460) on September 25 and passed
it the next day on a unanimous vote of 97-0 (vote no. 288). Although both bills

CRS-12
appropriated $10.5 billion, falling within adjusted 302(b) budget allocations, they
differed in how the funding was allocated. Conferees met on October 16, 2001, and
issued the conference report (H.Rept. 107-246) on H.R. 2904. The House approved
the report on October 17 with a vote of 409-1 (vote no. 394). The Senate approved
the report on October 18 with a vote of 96-1 (vote no. 305), clearing the measure for
the President. The President signed the bill on November 5, 2001, enacting it as P.L.
107-64 (115 Stat. 474).
Transportation
P.L. 107-87 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31008, Appropriations for FY2002: Department of Transportation
and Related Agencies, coordinated by Robert S. Kirk and David Randall
Peterman:
January 15, 2002 (Summary)
On December 18, 2001, the President Bush signed the FY2002 Department of
Transportation (DOT) and Related Agencies conference agreement (H.Rept.
107-308), appropriating a total of $59.588 billion for DOT, a 2.5% increase over the
FY2001 enacted level. The enacted bill provides $507 million more than the
House-passed version and $391 million less than the Senate-passed bill. At $32.895
billion, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) will receive slightly less than in
FY 2001. The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) will receive $734 million, $21
million less than in FY2001. The other major agencies all get increases. The Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA) budget will increase roughly 6% to $13.295 billion;
the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) budget will increase 8% to $6.747 billion;
and the Coast Guard will receive an increase of 12% to $5.031 billion. The Act also
includes $1.25 billion (to be offset by user fee collections) for the new Transportation
Security Administration (TSA).
The enacted conference agreement mandates significant safety and inspection
requirements be met by Mexico-domiciled trucks before DOT begins processing
Mexican applications for operating authority in the U.S. beyond the commercial zones
along the border. It does, however, include a number of modifications in response to
Administration concerns that the original Senate bill (as well as the House bill)
violated provisions of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
The conference agreement created a controversy when the conferees redirected
and earmarked $997.6 million of Revenue Aligned Budget Authority (RABA) funds.
The RABA mechanism adjusts DOT program authorization and obligation levels to
reflect recent fuel tax revenues (by increasing or decreasing both the authorization and
the obligation limitation). For FY2002, this added $4.5 billion to DOT programs.
This redirection of RABA funds reduces the RABA portion of the states’ formula
funding by 10.7% from what they otherwise would have received. Authorizers see
this action as a usurpation of their authority, and some vowed to oppose this sort of
action in the future.

CRS-13
Congress responded to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, by passing
the 2001 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Recovery from and
Response to Terrorist Attacks on the United States (P.L. 107-38). That Act provides
$40 billion, government-wide, to pay the costs of a variety of responses, including
“providing increased transportation security.” As of this writing, roughly $1.9 billion
of these emergency supplemental funds have been approved for transfer to DOT.
Treasury/Postal Service
P.L. 107-67 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31002, Appropriations for FY2002: Treasury, Postal Service,
Executive Office of the President, and General Government, coordinated by
Sharon S. Gressle:
January 16, 2002 (Summary)
The Treasury, Postal Service, Executive Office of the President, and General
Government FY2002 appropriation, P.L. 107-67, totals $32.4 billion. Congressional
Budget Office scorekeeping puts the totals at $32.8 billion ($15.7 billion mandatory
and $17.1 discretionary. The House passed an appropriation totaling $32.7 billion.
The Senate-passed bill would have funded the accounts at $32.8 billion. The
conference agreement would provide a 4.6% pay adjustment in January 2002 for
federal civilian employees. Several of the accounts within the bill are also receiving
funding through the Emergency Response Fund under P.L. 107-38 and P.L. 107-117.
On April 9, 2001, President George W. Bush submitted his FY2002 budget to
Congress. The budget documents show, for accounts funded through the Treasury,
Postal Service, and General Government appropriations bill, a proposed FY2002
discretionary budget authority of $16.6 billion and proposed outlays of $16.3 billion.
This represents a $1 billion increase over the FY2001 enacted estimates (estimates do
not reflect the enacted FY2001 supplemental). Realistically, the estimates that were
offered earlier in the year are no longer current. Several of the covered accounts fund
activities affected either directly by, or as a consequence of response to, the attacks
of September 11.
Accounts in the Department of the Treasury, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and
Firearms, U.S. Customs Service, U.S. Secret Service, and the General Services
Administration usually receive funding for functions related to countering terrorism.
Emergency Response Fund allocations, as provided by P.L. 107-38, the Emergency
Supplemental Appropriations Act for Recovery from and Response to Terrorist
Attacks on the United States, FY2001, have gone to accounts in the Department of
the Treasury, the Executive Office of the President and the General Services
Administration. To date, those accounts have been allocated $147.5 million from the
Emergency Response Fund. Those allocations are not included in the totals above.
Pursuant to recent negotiations, between the White House and Congress, on new
overall funding levels, the October 9 House allocation for the spending allocations for

CRS-14
the Treasury and General Government accounts remain at $17.022 billion. The
Senate Appropriations Committee allocated $17.118 billion on October 11.
Veterans Affairs/Housing and Urban Development
P.L. 107-73 – Vote Status Table:
Internet-Linked: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appover.shtml]
Printer-Ready: [http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/apprint.pdf]
CRS Report RL31004, Appropriations for FY2002: VA, HUD, and Independent
Agencies, coordinated by Dennis W. Snook and E. Richard Bourdon:
December 7, 2001 (Summary)
P.L. 107-73, the FY2002 appropriations bill (H.R. 2620) for the Departments
of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and several
independent agencies, provides $112.7 billion for FY2002, including $85.4 billion in
discretionary funds. The versions of H.R. 2620 passed by each Chamber were
relatively close in the total amount approved for programs funded through the bill,
although there were serious differences in some areas, and both versions differed from
the Administration’s request. For instance:
! Both houses added to the request for VA medical programs, with the Senate
adding $400 million, and the House, $303 million. Conferees split the
difference, providing $351 million more than requested, but dropped a House
plan to add $300 million to rehabilitate VA facilities to improve patient safety.

! The Senate offered slightly over $1 billion more than the House in housing and
urban assistance money; the House had approved about $600 million less than
the Administration requested. Conferees settled on $30.1 billion, $168 million
more than the House bill, but $866 million less than the Senate, and $433 less
than requested.

! The House added $229 million, and the Senate $435 million to the request for
EPA. Conferees topped both bills, and added $586 million to the request.
! The House did not fund programs of the Corporation for National and
Community Service (which supports AmeriCorp), while the Administration
proposed to maintain almost the same funding as in FY2001, and the Senate
approved that amount and added $4 million; conferees provided $13 million
less than the Senate.
! The Administration did not request emergency funding for FEMA’s disaster
relief efforts; the House bill provided $1.3 billion in emergency relief funds, the
Senate, $2 billion. Conferees provided $1.5 billion.
! The House added $367 million to the NSF request; the Senate added $200
million; conferees agreed to add $316 million to the request.
! The Senate added $50 million to the NASA request, while the House increased
it by $440 million. Conferees settled on $282 million above the request.

CRS-15
The President requested $83.4 billion in discretionary funds for programs
covered by VA-HUD appropriations. H.Con.Res. 83, the Concurrent Resolution on
the FY2002 Budget adopted by Congress, assumed $84.1 billion in discretionary
funds.
Following the September 11 terrorist attack, Congress passed legislation (P.L.
107-38) to provide $40 billion in emergency supplemental appropriations to aid
victims, bolster counter-terrorism, and pursue the investigation and prosecution of
those responsible. The new law contains $34.4 million for FEMA, and $3.2 million
for EPA responses to terrorist acts.
For Additional Reading
Appropriations and Budget Process
Appropriation and Budget Fact Sheets (CRS) provide short explanations of budget
concepts, terminology, congressional and executive budget process, budget
resolutions and reconciliation measures, authorization and appropriations
process, entitlements and discretionary spending, Budget Enforcement Act and
sequestration, surplus/deficits, and the debt limit.
[http://www.crs.gov/products/guides/budget/index/BudgetIndex.shtml]
CRS Report 97-684, Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction, by
Sandy Streeter.
CRS Report 98-721, Introduction to the Federal Budget Process, by Robert Keith.
Budget FY2002
CRS Issue Brief IB10079, Budget Fiscal Year 2002, by Philip D. Winters.
CRS Report RL30999, Budget FY2002: A Chronology with Internet Access, by
Justin Murray.
Continuing Resolutions
CRS Report RL30343, Continuing Appropriations Acts: Brief Overview of Recent
Practices, by Sandy Streeter.
Debt and Economy
CRS Report RS20645, Changes in Federal Debt and Its Major Components,
1996-2000, by Philip D. Winters.
CRS Report RL30329, Current Economic Conditions and Selected Forecasts, by
Gail E. Makinen.

CRS-16
Social Security Surplus (Off-Budget)
CRS Report 98-422, Social Security and the Federal Budget: What Does Social
Security’s Being “Off-Budget” Mean? by David Stuart Koitz.

Internet Access
Appropriation Bills, Reports, Laws, Vetoes (FY1997-FY2002)
Full-text: [http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/appro.html]
Appropriation Committees Sites, Publications, Membership
House: [http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/house/house02.html]
Senate: [http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/senate03.html]
Budget Process Institutes
[http://www.crs.gov/services/general/briefings.shtml#budget]
Budget Timetable
[http://www.house.gov/rules/budget_time.htm]
CBO Current Status of Discretionary Appropriations
CBO estimates of the 13 appropriation subcommittees emergency and non-emergency
discretionary appropriations showing budget authority and outlays, and 302(b)
allocations. [http://www.cbo.gov/showdoc.cfm?index=2049&sequence=0&from=7]
CBO Budget Reports
Provides access to the Monthly Budget Review (Analysis of the Monthly Treasury
Statement), Analysis of the President’s Budgetary Proposals, Economic and Budget
Outlook and Updates, Long-Term Budgetary Pressures and Policy Options, and
Spending and Revenue Options. [http://www.cbo.gov/byclasscat.cfm?header=2]
CBO Unauthorized Appropriations/Expiring Authorizations
Identifies “authorizing legislation that should be in place before it considers the 13
regular appropriation bills for the fiscal year.”
[http://www.cbo.gov/byclasscat.cfm?cat=6]
Debt
Bureau of the Public Debt: [http://www.publicdebt.treas.gov/opd/opd.htm]
How Much “Debt Held by the Public” Has Been Reduced in Recent Years?
Cumulative FY1998-FY2001: $453 billion. FY2001: $90 billion.
FY2000: $222.8 billion. FY1999: $88.7 billion. FY1998: $51.2 billion.
See CRS Report RS20645, Changes in Federal Debt and Its Major Components,
1996-2000, by Philip D. Winters.

CRS-17
Floor Agenda
Provides a list of projected floor votes and CRS analysis.
[http://www.crs.gov/products/flooraction/legalert.shtml]
Glossaries
CRS access to CRS Budget Index and Congressional Quarterly’s American
Congressional Dictionary:
[http://www.crs.gov/products/guides/budget/index/BudgetIndex.shtml]
CBO: [http://www.cbo.gov/glossary.cfm]
Senate: [http://www.senate.gov/~budget/republican/reference/cliff_notes/cliffapi.htm]
OMB: Go to Budget Systems and Concepts (This is in PDF. Last chapter is Glossary
of Budget Terms) [http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/fy2002/maindown.html]
Locating Agencies/Programs in Appropriation Bills
“I’m looking for a particular program, but I don’t know which appropriation bill it’s
in.” Federal agencies may receive funds from more than one appropriations act.
Consult the “Guide to Federal Programs” on the CRS FY2002 Appropriations
Products Page, or the Senate Appropriations Committee jurisdiction site; both
identify the major source of appropriated funds for federal agencies and programs.
[http://www.crs.gov/products/appropriations/appprogs.shtml]
[http://www.senate.gov/~appropriations/jurisd.htm]
OMB Supplemental Requests
[http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/fy2002/amndsup.html]
(Note: Estimates 1 and 2 are from the Clinton Administration.)
OMB Veto Indications
Statements of Administration Policy (SAPs) present the Administration’s viewpoint
on appropriation bills.
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/legislative/sap/107-1/subcommittee/]
Rules Committee—House (Special Rules)
[http://www.house.gov/rules/special_rules.htm]
302(b) Spending Allocations Appropriation Subcommittees
House: [http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/02appro.html#housesub]
H.Rept. 107-230 (October 9, 2001); H.Rept. 107-208 (September 20, 2001; H.Rept.
107-165 (July 26, 2001); H.Rept. 107-161 (July 25, 2001); H.Rept. 107-153 (July 23,
2001); H.Rept. 107-104, revising the congressional budget for the U.S. government
for fiscal year 2001 (June 19, 2001); H.Rept. 107-100 (June 13, 2001).
Senate: [http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/legislation/02appro.html#senate01]
S.Rept. 107-110 (December 6, 2001); S.Rept. 107-98 (November 14, 2001); S.Rept.
107-81 (October 11, 2001); S.Rept. 107-65 (September 19, 2001); S.Rept. 107-50
(August 1, 2001); S.Rept. 107-45 (July 23, 2001); S.Rept. 107-44 (July 23, 2001);
S.Rept. 107-40 (July 13, 2001); S.Rept. 107-34 (June 21, 2001); S.Rept. 107-35
(June 27, 2001).

CRS-18
Budget/Appropriations Sequence
The congressional budget and appropriations sequence ideally flows as shown
below. However, in practice, the process is rarely so simple. (For more detailed
information see CRS Report 98-721, Introduction to the Federal Budget Process.)
The following links from GPO provide comprehensive access to the House and
Senate Budget and Appropriation Committee Web sites, publications, hearings, prints,
legislation, membership, jurisdiction, and rules:
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/house/hclinks.html]
[http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/sclinks.html]
! President presents his budget proposals to Congress by the first Monday in
February. [http://w3.access.gpo.gov/usbudget/]
! House and Senate Appropriation and Budget Committees hold hearings on the
President’s budget, with testimony from the Administration, CBO, Federal
Reserve, and others.
! CBO, which is an independent support agency for Congress, assists the Budget
committees through the process with reports on economic forecasts, budgetary
analysis, and deficit/surplus options, including The Economic and Budget
Outlook and Update, An Analysis of the President’s Budget Proposals, and
Budget Options. [http://www.cbo.gov/byclasscat.cfm?header=2]
! House and Senate Budget Committees receive Views and Estimates on
spending and revenues from all full committees 6 weeks after the President’s
budget is received.
! House and Senate Budget Committees report budget resolutions to the House
and Senate, respectively.
! Each Chamber debates and considers amendments to the original resolution.
! Each Chamber adopts a budget resolution, with differences between the two
versions resolved in a conference committee.
! Each Chamber adopts the final version. The budget resolution is not signed
by the President and does not become public law.
! Each Appropriations subcommittee holds markups, in which they consider
amendments and formulate the regular bill under their jurisdiction. Each
subsequently reports its version to their respective Appropriations Committee.
! Full House and Senate Appropriations Committees hold markups on their
subcommittees’ versions and report the committees’ versions to their
respective Chambers.
! White House indications of opposition or support to appropriation and non-
appropriation legislation scheduled for floor action in the second session 107th
Congress, called Statements of Administration Policy (SAPs) are located at
[http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/legislative/sap/107-1/subcommittee/]
! House and Senate debate, consider amendments, and pass each regular bill;
differences between the House- and Senate-passed bills are resolved in
conference committee. The final version is adopted by both Chambers and
sent to the President. If the bill is approved, it becomes law. Generally, either
all 13 regular bills are enacted separately, or some are enacted together in an
omnibus measure.
! House and Senate adopt continuing resolutions to provide short-term funding
if the regular bills are not enacted by the October 1 deadline.

CRS-19
Budget Resolution Votes
On May 5, 2001, the FY2002 budget resolution conference report, H.Rept.
107-60 (H.Con.Res 83), was passed by the House by a vote of 221-207, vote #104.
The Senate passed the conference report on May 10, 2001, by a vote of 53-47, vote
#98. The President does not sign budget resolutions.
Previously, on April 6, 2001, the Senate passed the FY2002 budget resolution
by a vote of 65-35, vote #86. On March 28, 2001, the House passed H.Con.Res. 83,
by a vote of 222-205, vote #70. The House rejected four other budget proposals:
! Kucinich amendment (Progressive Caucus), rejected by a vote of 343-79, vote
#66.
! Stenholm amendment (Blue Dog Coalition), rejected by a vote of 221-204,
vote #67.
! Flake amendment (Republican Study Committee), rejected by a vote of 341-
81, vote #68.
! Spratt amendment (Democratic alternative) rejected by a vote of 243-183, vote
#69.
For historical information on budget resolutions from FY1975-FY2000, see CRS
Report RL30297, Congressional Budget Resolutions: Selected Statistics and
Information Guide.

CRS-20
Table 1. Administration Requests/Amounts Enacted
(amounts in thousands)
Calendar
Amount Requested
Difference
Year
by President
Amount Enacted
(under - / over +)
1981
541,827,828
554,457,424
+2,629,596
1982
507,740,133
514,832,375
+7,092,242
1983
542,956,052
551,620,505
+8,664,453
1984
576,343,259
559,151,836
-17,191,423
1985
588,698,504
583,446,885
-5,251,619
1986
590,345,199
577,279,102
-13,066,097
1987
618,268,049
614,526,518
-3,741,531
1988
621,250,664
625,967,373
+4,716,709
1989
652,138,432
666,211,681
+14,073,249
1990
704,510,962
697,257,740
-7,253,222
1991
756,428,167
748,448,990
-7,979,177
1992
776,072,233
764,493,308
-11,578,925
1993
818,126,396
788,612,998
-29,513,398
1994
786,217,794
783,750,779
-2,467,015
1995
804,207,430
761,097,096
-43,110,334
1996
801,214,439
793,403,352
-7,811,087
1997
799,196,397
787,614,002
-11,582,395
1998
859,790,825
864,003,763
+4,212,938
1999
916,704,274
920,554,725
+3,850,451
2000
992,530,515
1,007,263,577
+14,733,062
Source: House Committee on Appropriations, January 31, 2001.

CRS-21
Table 2. Discretionary/Mandatory Outlays
(in billions of dollars)
Entitlement/
Fiscal
Discretionary
Net
Offsetting
Other Mandatory
Total
Year
Spending
Interest
Receipts
Spending
1981
307.9
339.4
68.8
-37.9
678.2
1982
325.9
370.8
85.0
-36.0
745.8
1983
353.3
410.6
89.8
-45.3
808.4
1984
379.4
405.6
111.1
-44.2
851.9
1985
415.7
448.3
129.5
-47.1
946.4
1986
438.5
461.8
136.0
-45.9
990.5
1987
444.2
474.2
138.7
-52.9
1,004.1
1988
464.4
505.1
151.8
-56.8
1,064.5
1989
488.8
549.7
169.0
-63.8
1,143.7
1990
500.5
626.9
184.4
-58.7
1,253.2
1991
533.3
702.4
194.5
-105.7
1,324.4
1992
534.6
716.1
199.4
-68.4
1,381.7
1993
541.0
736.4
198.7
-66.6
1,409.5
1994
543.9
783.6
203.0
-68.5
1,461.9
1995
545.7
817.7
232.2
-79.7
1,515.8
1996
534.5
856.9
241.1
-71.9
1,560.6
1997
548.9
896.3
244.0
-88.0
1,601.3
1998
554.7
938.6
241.2
-81.9
1,652.6
1999
575.0
976.8
229.7
-78.4
1,703.0
2000
617.0
1,029.8
223.2
-81.1
1,789.0
Source: Congressional Budget Office. The Economic and Budget Outlook: Fiscal Years 2002-2011.
January 2001. Washington, GPO, 2001. Table F-8, p. 146.