Major Leadership Election Contests in the House of Representatives, 94th-111th Congresses

Major Leadership Election Contests in the House of Representatives, 94th-111th Congresses

ȱ
Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ
˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœǰȱşŚ?‘ȱȬȱŗŗŗ?‘ȱ
˜—?›ŽœœŽœȱ
’•?›Ž?ȱ–Ž›ȱ
™ŽŒ’Š•’œ?ȱ˜—ȱ?‘Žȱ˜—?›Žœœȱ
ŽŒŽ–‹Ž›ȱřŗǰȱŘŖŖŞȱ
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŝȬśŝŖŖȱ
   ǯŒ›œǯ?˜Ÿȱ
řŖŜŖŝȱ
ȱŽ™˜›?ȱ?˜›ȱ˜—?›Žœœ
Pr
epared for Members and Committees of Congress

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
ž––Š›¢ȱ
This report contains data on votes for Speaker of the House for the 94th through 110th Congresses
and elections in party conferences or caucuses for major leaders within each party for the 94th
through 111th Congresses. It reflects actual balloting on the House floor for Speaker and in the
Democratic Caucus and Republican Conference for other positions. Table 1 identifies the votes
for Speaker. Tables 2-14 provide the names and states of the candidates for each of the major
party offices, the Congress(es) in which they ran, and the votes they received. Also noted are
Members elected with no opposition. Although most caucus or conference balloting for
leadership positions took place prior to the convening of a new Congress, in some cases
leadership elections were held to fill vacancies during a Congress.
The 14 tables herein provide data on the individuals receiving votes for Speaker and the party
elections for the following positions:
• House Democratic Floor Leader,
• House Republican Floor Leader,
• House Democratic Whip,
• House Republican Whip,
• House Democratic Caucus Chairman,
• House Republican Conference Chairman,
• House Democratic Caucus Secretaries/Vice Chairman,
• House Republican Conference Vice Chairman,
• House Republican Conference Secretary,
• House Republican Policy Committee Chairman,
• House Republican Research Committee Chairman,
• House National Republican Congressional Committee Chairman, and
• House Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee Chairman.
Since 1974, there have been no formal contests within either party for the election of the Speaker
of the House. Where there were contested races for other positions, most were decided after one
ballot. In a few races, two ballots were needed. Three ballots were necessary before a Democratic
floor leader was elected for the 95th Congress, before a Republican leader was elected for the
106th Congress, and for the election of the chair of the House Republican Conference in the 110th
Congress.
The data do not include notices of announced candidacies that were abandoned before caucus or
conference voting took place.
This report will be updated as necessary.

˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
˜—?Ž—?œȱ
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1

Š‹•Žœȱ
Table 1. Speaker of the House Elections ......................................................................................... 2
Table 2. House Democratic Floor Leader Elections........................................................................ 4
Table 3. House Republican Floor Leader Elections ........................................................................ 5
Table 4. House Democratic Whip Elections.................................................................................... 7
Table 5. House Republican Whip Elections .................................................................................... 8
Table 6. House Democratic Caucus Chairman Elections ................................................................ 9
Table 7. House Republican Conference Chairman Elections........................................................ 10
Table 8. House Democratic Caucus Secretary/Vice Chairman Elections.......................................11
Table 9. House Republican Conference Vice Chairman Elections................................................ 13
Table 10. House Republican Conference Secretary Elections....................................................... 14
Table 11. House Republican Policy Committee Chairman Elections............................................ 16
Table 12. House Republican Research Committee Chairman Elections....................................... 17
Table 13. House National Republican Congressional Committee Chairman Elections ................ 18
Table 14. House Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee Chairman
Appointments ............................................................................................................................. 19

˜—?ŠŒ?œȱ
Author Contact Information .......................................................................................................... 20

˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
—?›˜?žŒ?’˜—ȱ
This report contains data on votes for Speaker of the House for the 94th through the 110th
Congress and elections in party conferences or caucuses for major leaders within each party for
the 94th through 111th Congresses. It reflects actual balloting on the House floor for Speakers and
in the Democratic Caucus and Republican Conference for other positions. Table 1 identifies the
votes for Speaker. Tables 2-14 provide the names and states of the candidates for each of the
major party offices, the Congress(es) in which they ran, and the votes they received. Also noted
are Members elected with no opposition. Although most caucus or conference balloting for
leadership positions took place prior to the convening of a new Congress, in some cases
leadership elections were held to fill vacancies during a Congress.
The 14 tables herein provide data on the individuals receiving votes for Speaker and the party
elections for the following positions:
• House Democratic Floor Leader,
• House Republican Floor Leader,
• House Democratic Whip,
• House Republican Whip,
• House Democratic Caucus Chairman,
• House Republican Conference Chairman,
• House Democratic Caucus Secretaries/Vice Chairman,
• House Republican Conference Vice Chairman,
• House Republican Conference Secretary,
• House Republican Policy Committee Chairman,
• House Republican Research Committee Chairman,
• House National Republican Congressional Committee Chairman, and
• House Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee Chairman.
Since 1974, there have been no formal contests within either party for the election of the Speaker
of the House. Where there were contested races for other positions, most were decided after one
ballot. In a few races, two ballots were needed. Three ballots were necessary before a Democratic
floor leader was elected for the 95th Congress, before a Republican leader was elected for the
106th Congress, and for the chair of the House Republican Conference in the 110th Congress.
In many of the Congresses, at least one leader was selected without opposition or by acclamation.
In those instances where published accounts did not mention a contest for a particular office or
provide vote totals, a candidate is listed as having been selected without opposition. In a few
instances, published sources did not provide data on votes cast in a particular contest.
The data also do not include notices of announced candidacies that were abandoned before caucus
or conference voting took place.
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗȱ

ȱ
Table 1. Speaker of the House Elections
Congress Democratic Nominee State Votes Republican Nominee State Votes Others Receiving Votes Party/State Votes
94th
Carl B. Albert
OK 287
John J. Rhodes
AZ
143
—

—
95th
Thomas P. O’Neill
MA
290
John J. Rhodes
AZ
142
—

—
96th
Thomas P. O’Neill
MA
268
John J. Rhodes
AZ
152
—

—
97th
Thomas P. O”Neill
MA 233
Robert H. Michel
IL
183
—

—
98th
Thomas P. O’Neill
MA
260
Robert H. Michel
IL
155
—

—
99th
Thomas P. O’Neill
MA 247
Robert H. Michel
IL
175
—

—
100th
Jim Wright
TX
254
Robert H. Michel
IL
173
—

—
101st
Initial Election
Jim Wrighta
TX
253
Robert H. Michel
IL
170
—

—
Replacement Election of June 6, 1989
Thomas S. Foley
WA
251
Robert H. Michel
IL
164
—

—
102nd
Thomas S. Foley
WA
262
Robert H. Michel
IL
165
—

—
103rd
Thomas S. Foley
WA
255
Robert H. Michel
IL
174
—

—
104th
Richard Gephardt
MO
202
Newt Gingrich
GA 228
—

—
105th
Richard Gephardt
MO
205
Newt Gingrich
GA 216 James
Leach
R-IA
2
—
— —
—
— —
Robert
Michelb
1

Robert Walkerb
1
106th Richard
Gephardt
MO 205 Dennis Hastertc
IL 220
—

107th
Richard Gephardt
MO
206
Dennis Hastert
IL
222
John P. Murtha
D-PA
1
108th
Nancy Pelosi
CA
201
Dennis Hastert
IL
228
John P. Murtha
D-PA
1
109th
Nancy Pelosi
CA
199
Dennis Hastert
IL
226
John P. Murtha
D-PA
1
110th
Nancy Pelosid
CA 233
John A. Boehner
OH
202
—

—
Source: Journals of the House of Representatives. Party designations are taken from the Congressional Directory for the respective years.
Note: Elected candidates in italics.
a. Representative Wright resigned as Speaker of the House on June 6, 1989.
ȬŘȱ

ȱ
b. Not a member of the House at the time.
c. Speaker Gingrich announced his intention to resign from the House at the end of the 105th Congress and was not a candidate for Speaker for the 106th Congress. The
House Republican Conference unanimously selected Representative Robert Livingston (D-LA) as its nominee for Speaker. However, before the end of the 105th
Congress, Representative Livingston announced his resignation, effective March 1, 1999. Subsequently, Representative Hastert was nominated by the Republican
Conference to be Speaker and was elected on the first day of the 106th Congress by the House of Representatives.
d. Speaker Pelosi is expected to be reelected to the same position on the opening day of the 111th Congress (Janurary 6, 2009).
Ȭřȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Table 2. House Democratic Floor Leader Elections
Congress Candidates
State
Votes
94th
Thomas P. O’Neill
MA
no opposition
95th
1st Ballot
Phillip Burton
CA
106 votes
Richard Bolling
MO
81 votes
Jim Wright
TX
77 votes
John McFall
CA
31 votes
2nd Ballot
Phillip Burton
CA
107 votes
Jim Wright
TX
95 votes
Richard Bolling
MO
93 votes
3rd Ballot
Jim Wright
TX
148 votes
Phillip Burton
CA
147 votes
96th
Jim Wright
TX
no opposition
97th
Jim Wright
TX
no opposition
98th
Jim Wright
TX
no opposition
99th
Jim Wright
TX
no opposition
100th
Thomas S. Foley
WA
no opposition
101st
Initial Election
Thomas S. Foleya WA
no opposition
Replacement Election of June 14, 1989
Richard Gephardt
MO
181 votes
Ed Jenkins
GA
76 votes
Lee Hamilton
IN
one write-in vote
102nd
Richard Gephardt
MO
no opposition
103rd
Richard Gephardt
MO
no opposition
104th
Richard Gephardt
MO
150 votes
Charles Rose
NC
50 votes
105th
Richard Gephardt
MO
no opposition
106th
Richard Gephardt
MO
no opposition
107th
Richard Gephardt
MO
no opposition
108th
Nancy Pelosi
CA
177 votes
Harold Ford
TN
29 votes
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
Śȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Congress Candidates
State
Votes
109th
Nancy Pelosi
CA
no opposition
110th
Steny H. Hoyer
MD
149 votes
John P. Murtha
PA
86 votes
111th
Steny H. Hoyer
MD
no oppostion
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc., and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives
a. Representative Foley was elected Speaker of the House of Representatives on June 6, 1989.
Table 3. House Republican Floor Leader Elections
Congress Candidates
State Votes
94th
John Rhodes
AZ
no opposition
95th
John Rhodes
AZ
no opposition
96th
John Rhodes
AZ
no opposition
97th
Robert Michel
IL
103 votes
Guy Vander Jagt
MI
87 votes
98th
Robert Michel
IL
no opposition
99th
Robert Michel
IL
no opposition
100th
Robert Michel
IL
no opposition
101st
Robert Michel
IL
no opposition
102nd
Robert Michel
IL
no opposition
103rd
Robert Michel
IL
no opposition
104th
Richard Armey
TX
no opposition
105th
Richard Armey
TX
no opposition
106th
1st Ballot
Richard Armey
TX
100 votes
Steve Largent
OK
58 votes
Jennifer Dunn
WA
45 votes
Dennis Hasterta IL
18
votes
2nd Ballot
Richard Armey
TX
99 votes
Steve Largent
OK
73 votes
Jennifer Dunn
WA
49 votes
3rd Ballot
Richard Armey
TX
127 votes
Steve Largent
OK
95 votes
107th
Richard Armey
TX
no opposition
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
śȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Congress Candidates
State Votes
108th
Tom Delay
TX
no opposition
109th
Initial Election
Tom Delayb TX
no opposition
Roy Bluntb MO
NA
Replacement Election of February 2, 2006- 1st Ballot
Roy Blunt
MO
110 votes
John A. Boehner
OH
79 votes
John Shadegg
AZ
40 votes
Jim Ryun
NE
2 votes
Replacement Election of February 2, 2006 - 2nd Ballot
John A. Boehner
OH
122 votes
Roy Blunt
MO
109 votes
110th
John Boehner
OH
168 votes
Mike Pence
IN
27 votes
Joe Barton
TX
1 vote
111th
John A. Boehnerc OH
—
Daniel E. Lundgrenc CA
—
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc., and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives
a. Representative Dennis Hastert initially ran for House Majority Leader for the 106th Congress when it
appeared that Representative Robert Livingston would be the new Speaker of the House. Subsequently,
prior to the opening of the 106th Congress, Representative Livingston announced he would resign during
that Congress and Representative Hastert was elected Speaker of the House on the opening day of the
106th Congress, January 6, 1999.
b. On September 28, 2005, Representative Tom Delay stepped aside as House Majority Leader, and
Representative Roy Blunt became acting Majority Leader. On January 7, 2006, Representative Delay decided
not to reclaim his old job. On February 2, 2006, Representative John Boehner was elected House
Republican (Majority) Leader.
c. Representative Boehner was reelected House Republican Leader for the 111th Congress, but the vote was
not announced.
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
Ŝȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Table 4. House Democratic Whip Elections
Congress Candidatesa
State Votes
100th
Tony Coehlo
CA
167 votes
Charles Rangel
NY
78 votes
W.G. (Bill) Hefner
NC
15 votes
101st
Initial Election
Tony Coehlob CA
no
opposition
Replacement Election of June 14, 1989
William Gray
PA
134 votes
David Bonior
MI
97 votes
Beryl Anthony
AK
30 votes
102nd
Initial Election
William Grayc PA
no opposition
Replacement Election of July 11, 1991
David Boniord
MI 160
votes
Steny H. Hoyer
MD
109 votes
103rd
David Bonior
MI
no opposition
104th
David Bonior
MI
145 votes
Charles Stenholm
TX
58 votes
105th
David Bonior
MI
no opposition
106th
David Bonior
MI
no opposition
107th
David Boniore MI
no
opposition
Replacement Election of October 10, 2001
Nancy Pelosif
CA 118
votes
Steny H. Hoyer
MD
95 votes
108th
Steny H. Hoyer
MD
no opposition
109th
Steny H. Hoyer
MD
no opposition
110th
James E. Clyburn
SC
no opposition
111th
James E. Clyburn
SC
no opposition
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
a. Beginning with the organization for the 100th Congress, House Democratic whips have been elected. Prior
to the 100th Congress, Democratic whips were appointed.
b. Representative Coehlo resigned from the House on June 15, 1989.
c. Representative Gray resigned from the House on September 11, 1991.
d. Representative Bonior was elected Democratic whip on July 11, 1991, but did not assume that position until
September 11, 1991.
e. Representative Bonior announced plans to resign as Democratic whip, effective January 15, 2002.
f. Representative Pelosi election as the Democratic whip became effective on January 15, 2002.
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŝȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Table 5. House Republican Whip Elections
Congress Candidates
State Votes
94th
Robert Michel
IL
75 votes
Jerry Pettis
CA
38 votes
John Erlenborn
IL
22 votes
95th
Robert Michel
IL
no opposition
96th
Robert Michel
IL
no opposition
97th
Trent Lott
MS
96 votes
Bud Shuster
PA
90 votes
98th
Trent Lott
MS
no opposition
99th
Trent Lott
MS
no opposition
100th
Trent Lott
MS
no opposition
101st
Initial Election
Richard Cheneya WY
no opposition
Replacement Election of March 22, 1989
Newt Gingrichb
GA 87
votes
Edward Madigan
IL
85 votes
102nd
Newt Gingrich
GA
no opposition
103rd
Newt Gingrich
GA
no opposition
104th
Tom DeLay
TX
119 votes
Robert Walker
PA
80 votes
Bill McCollum
FL
28 votes
105th
Tom DeLay
TX
no opposition
106th
Tom DeLay
TX
no opposition
107th
Tom DeLay
TX
no opposition
108th
Roy Blunt
MO
no opposition
109th Roy
Bluntc MO
no
opposition
110th
Roy Blunt
MO
137
John Shadegg
AZ
57
111th
Eric Cantor
VA
no opposition
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
a. Representative Cheney resigned from Congress on March 17, 1989.
b. Representative Gingrich was elected to replace Representative Cheney as Republican whip on March 22,
1989.
c. Representative Blunt served as acting House Republican Leader from September 28, 2005, to February 2,
2006.
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
Şȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Table 6. House Democratic Caucus Chairman Elections
Congress Candidates
State
Votes
94th
Phillip Burton
CA
162 votes
B.F. Sisk
CA
11 votes
95th
Thomas S. Foley
WA
194 votes
Shirley Chisholm
NY
96 votes
96th
Thomas Foley
WA
no opposition
97th
Gillis Long
LA
146 votes
Charlie Rose
NC
53 votes
Matthew McHugh
NY
41 votes
98th
Gillis Long
LA
no opposition
99th Richard
Gephardta MO
no
opposition
100th
Richard Gephardt
MO
no opposition
101st
Initial Election
William Grayb PA
146 votes
Mary Rose Oakar
OH
80 votes
Mike Synar
OK
33 votes
Replacement Election of June 21, 1989
Steny Hoyerc
MD 165
votes
Barbara Kennelly
CT
82 votes
102nd
Steny Hoyer
MD
no opposition
103rd
Steny Hoyer
MD
no opposition
104th
Vic Fazio
CA
149 votes
Kweisi Mfume
MD
57 votes
105th
Vic Fazio
CA
no opposition
106th
Martin Frost
TX
108 votes
Rosa Delauro
CT
97 votes
107th
Martin Frost
TX
no opposition
108th
Robert Menendez
NJ
104 votes
Rosa DeLauro
CT
103 votes
109th
Robert Menendezd NJ
no
opposition
James E. Clyburne SC
no
opposition
110th
Rahm Emanuel
IL
no opposition
111th
John B. Larson
CT
no oppositiion
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
a. Although Representative Gephardt had no opposition in the 99th Congress, the secret ballot for the
chairmanship was 208-5.
b. Representative Gray was elected Democratic whip on June 14, 1989, and resigned his caucus post.
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
şȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
c. Representative Hoyer was elected chairman of the House Democratic Caucus on June 21, 1989, to fill the
vacancy caused by Representative Gray’s election as Democratic whip.
d. On January 16, 2006, Representative Menendez resigned from the House after he was appointed to the
Senate.
e. Representative Clyburn was selected Chairman of the House Democratic Caucus on December 16, 2005,
effective January 18, 2006.
Table 7. House Republican Conference Chairman Elections
Congress Candidate
State Votes
94th
John Anderson
IL
85 votes
Charles Wiggins
CA
52 votes
95th
John Anderson
IL
no opposition
96th
Initial Election
John Andersona IL
87
votes
Thomas Kindness
OH
55 votes
Replacement Election of June 20, 1979 - 1st Ballot
Samuel Devine
OH
69 votes
Henry Hyde
IL
47 votes
Edward Derwinski
IL
32 votes
Replacement Election of June 20, 1979 - 2nd Ballot
Samuel Devineb OH
75
votes
Henry Hyde
IL
72 votes
97th
Jack Kemp
NY
107 votes
John Rousselot
CA
77 votes
98th
Jack Kemp
NY
no opposition
99th
Jack Kemp
NY
no opposition
100th
Initial Election
Jack Kempc NY
no opposition
Replacement Election of June 4, 1987
Richard Cheneyd WY
no
opposition
101st
1st Ballot
Jerry Lewis
CA
81 votes
Lynn Martin
IL
79 votes
William Dannemeyer
CA
7 votes
2nd Ballot
Jerry Lewis
CA
85 votes
Lynn Martin
IL
82 votes
102nd
Jerry Lewis
CA
98 votes
Carl Pursell
MI
64 votes
103rd
Richard Armey
TX
88 votes
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗŖȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Congress Candidate
State Votes
Jerry Lewis
CA
84 votes
104th
John Boehner
OH
122 votes
Duncan Hunter
CA
102 votes
105th
John Boehner
OH
no opposition
106th
J.C. Watts
OK
121 votes
John Boehner
OH
93 votes
107th
J.C. Watts
OK
no opposition
108th
Deborah Pryce
OH
133 votes
J.D. Hayworth
AZ
61 votes
Jim Ryun
KS
28 votes
109th
Deborah Pryce
OH
no opposition
110th
1st Ballot
Adam H. Putnam
FL
81 votes
Jack Kingston
GA
58 votes
Marsha Blackburn
TN
31 votes
Dan Lungren
CA
29 votes
2nd Ballot
Adam H. Putnam
FL
89 votes
Jack Kingston
GA
74 votes
Marsha Blackburn
TN
30 votes
3rd Ballot
Adam H. Putnam
FL
100 votes
Jack Kingston
GA
91 votes
111th
Mike Pence
IN
no opposition
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
a. Representative Anderson resigned as chairman of the House Republican Conference on June 8, 1979.
b. Representative Devine was elected chairman of the Republican Conference on June 20, 1979.
c. Representative Kemp resigned as Republican Conference chairman on June 4, 1987.
d. The same day that Representative Kemp resigned, Representative Cheney was elected Republican
Conference chairman without opposition.
Table 8. House Democratic Caucus Secretary/Vice Chairman Elections
Congress Candidatea
State Votes
94th
Patsy Mink
HI
no opposition
95th
Shirley Chisholm
NY
no opposition
96th
Shirley Chisholm
NY
no opposition
97th
Geraldine Ferraro
NY
no opposition
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗŗȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Congress Candidatea
State Votes
98th
Geraldine Ferraro
NY
no opposition
99th
Mary Rose Oakar
OH
no opposition
100th
Mary Rose Oakar
OH
no opposition
101st
Initial Election
Steny Hoyerb MD
no
opposition
Replacement Election of June 22, 1989 - 1st Ballot
Vic Fazio
CA
113 votes
Martin Frost
TX
69 votes
Marcy Kaptur
OH
37 votes
Richard Durbin
IL
34 votes
Replacement Election of June 22, 1989 - 2nd Ballot
Vic Fazio
CA
147 votes
Martin Frost
TX
74 votes
Marcy Kaptur
OH
32 votes
102nd
Vic Fazio
CA
no opposition
103rd
Vic Fazio
CA
no opposition
104th
Barbara Kennelly
CT
93 votes
Louise Slaughter
NY
90 votes
105th
Barbara Kennelly
CT
no opposition
106th
1st Ballot
Robert Menendez
NJ
92 votes
Calvin Dooley
CA
65 votes
Albert Wynn
MD
50 votes
2nd Ballot
Robert Menendez
NJ
124 votes
Calvin Dooley
CA
81 votes
107th
Robert Menendez
NJ
no opposition
108th
James E. Clyburnc SC
95
Gregory Meeks
NY
56
Zoe Lofgren
CA
53
109th
James E. Clyburnd SC
no
opposition
Replacement Election of February 1, 2006- 1st Ballot
Joseph Crowley
NY
79
John B. Larson
CT
66
Jan Schakowsky
IL
55
Replacement Election of February 1, 2006 - 2nd Ballot
John B. Larson
CT
116
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗŘȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Congress Candidatea
State Votes
Joseph Crowley
NY
87
110th Congress
John B. Larson
CT
no opposition
111th Congress
Xavier Becerra
CA
175
Marcy Kaptur
OH
67
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
a. Since the 100th Congress (1987-1989), the caucus secretary position has been known as vice chairman of
the House Democratic Caucus.
b. Representative Hoyer was elected chairman of the Democratic Caucus on June 21, 1989, and was
succeeded as vice chairman of the caucus by Representative Fazio.
c. After the first ballot, Representatives Meeks and Lofgren withdrew and Representative Clyburn was elected
by acclamation.
d. Representative Clyburn was selected Chairman of the House Democratic Caucus on December 16, 2005,
effective January 18, 2006.
Table 9. House Republican Conference Vice Chairman Elections
Congress Candidate State
Votes
94th
Samuel Devine
OH
no opposition
95th
Samuel Devine
OH
no opposition
96th
Initial Election
Samuel Devinea OH
no opposition
Replacement Election of June 20, 1979
Jack Edwards
AL
no opposition
97th
Jack Edwards
AL
no opposition
98th
Jack Edwards
AL
no opposition
99th
Lynn Martin
IL
no opposition
100th
Lynn Martin
IL
no opposition
101st
Bill McCollumb
FL
vote not announced-elected
Robert Lagomarsino
CA
vote not announced
102nd
Bill McCollum
FL
no opposition
103rd
Bill McCollum
FL
no opposition
104th
Susan Molinari
NY
124 votes
Cliff Stearns
FL
100 votes
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗřȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Congress Candidate State
Votes
105th
Initial Election
Susan Molinaric NY
no
opposition
Replacement Election of July 16, 1997
Jennifer Dunn
WA
129 votes
Jim Nussle
IA
85 votes
106th
1st Ballot
Tillie Fowler
FL
90 votes
Ann Northup
KY
43 votes
Peter Hoekstra
MI
39 votes
Sue Myrick
SC
38 votes
2nd Ballot
Tillie Fowler
FL
108 votes
Ann Northup
KY
58 votes
Peter Hoekstra
MI
42 votes
107th
Deborah Pryce
OH
no opposition
108th
Jack Kingston
GA
159 votes
Melissa A. Hart
PA
56 votes
109th
Jack Kingston
GA
no opposition
110th
Kay Granger
TX
124 votes
Steve Pearce
NM
63 votes
111th
Kathy McMorris Rogers
WA
no opposition
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
a. Representative Devine was elected chairman of the House Republican Conference on June 20, 1979.
b. Representative McCollum was elected vice chairman of the Republican Conference in 1989, but the vote
was not announced.
c. Representative Molinari resigned from the House, effective on August 1, 1997. On July 16, 1997,
Representative Dunn was elected to replace her as vice chairman.
Table 10. House Republican Conference Secretary Elections
Congress Candidate
State Votes
94th
Jack Edwards
AL
no opposition
95th
Jack Edwards
AL
no opposition
96th
Initial Election
Jack Edwardsa AL
no opposition
Replacement Election of June 20, 1979
Clair Burgener
CA
no opposition
97th
Clair Burgener
CA
no opposition
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗŚȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Congress Candidate
State Votes
98th
Clair Burgener
CA
no opposition
99th
Robert Lagomarsino
CA
no opposition
100th
Robert Lagomarsino
CA
no opposition
101st
Vin Weber
MN
vote not announced-elected
Joseph McDade
PA
vote not announced
102nd
Vin Weber
MN
no opposition
103rd
Tom DeLay
TX
95 votes
Willis Gradison
OH
71 votes
104th
Barbara Vucanovich
NV
138 votes
Tim Hutchinson
AR
90 votes
105th
Initial Election
Jennifer Dunn
WA
no opposition
Replacement Election of July 16, 1997 - 1st Ballot
Deborah Pryceb
OH
vote not announced
Sue Myrick
NC
vote not announced
Randy (Duke) Cunningham
WA
vote not announced
Jerry Weller
IL
vote not announced
105th
Replacement Election of July 16, 1997 - 2nd Ballot
Deborah Pryce
OH
110 votes
Sue Myrick
NC
65 votes
Randy (Duke) Cunningham
WA
42 votes
106th
Deborah Pryce
OH
no opposition
107th
Barbara Cubin
WY
123
Judy Biggert
IL
76
108th
John T. Doolittle
CA
no opposition
109th
John T. Doolittle
CA
no opposition
110th
John Carter
TX
no oppostion
111th
John Carter
TX
no oppositon
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
a. Representative Edwards was elected vice chairman of the House Republican Conference on June 20, 1979,
and was succeeded as secretary by Representative Burgener the same day.
b. Representative Dunn was elected vice chairman of the Republican Conference on July 16, 1997, and was
succeeded as secretary by Representative Pryce the same day.
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗśȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Table 11. House Republican Policy Committee Chairman Elections
Congress Candidate
State Vote
94th
Barber Conable
NY
no opposition
95th
Del Clawson
CA
71 votes
Louis Frey
FL
63 votes
96th
Bud Shuster
PA
80 votes
Bill Frenzel
MN
55 votes
97th
Richard Cheney
WY
99 votes
Marjorie Holt
MD
68 votes
98th
Richard Cheney
WY
no opposition
99th
Richard Cheney
WY
no opposition
100th
Initial Election
Richard Cheneya WY
no opposition
Replacement Election of June 4, 1987
Jerry Lewis
CA
88 votes
Duncan Hunter
CA
82 votes
101st
Mickey Edwards
OK
no opposition
102nd
Mickey Edwards
OK
no opposition
103rd Henry
Hyde
IL no
opposition
104th
Christopher Cox
CA
148 votes
Jim Kolbe
AZ
77 votes
105th
Christopher Cox
CA
no opposition
106th
Christopher Cox
CA
no opposition
107th
Christopher Cox
CA
no opposition
108th
Christopher Cox
CA
no opposition
109th
John Shadeggb AZ
no
opposition
Replacement Election of February 2, 2006- 1st Ballot
Adam Putnam
FL
95
Thaddeus McCotter
MI
58
Darrell Issa
CA
40
Phil Gingrey
GA
24
John Shadegg
AZ
1
Eric Cantor
VA
1
Replacement Election of February 2, 2006- 2nd Ballott
Adam Putnam
FL
118
Thaddeus E. McCotter
MI
75
Darrell Issa
CA
22
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗŜȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Congress Candidate
State Vote
110th
Thaddeus E. McCotter
MI
132
Darrell Issa
CA
63
111th
Thaddeus E. McCotterc MI
—
Michael C. Burgess
TX
—
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
a. Representative Cheney was elected chairman of the House Republican Conference on June 4, 1987, and
was succeeded as chairman of the House Republican Policy Committee by Representative Jerry Lewis the
same day.
b. Representative Shadegg was unanimously approved by the House Republican Conference on January 26,
2005, after Representative Christopher Cox became the chairman of the House Homeland Security
Committee. Republican Conference rules prohibit Members from simultaneously being the chairman of a
standing committee and in an elected leadership position. Subequently, Representative Shadegg resigned as
chairman of the House Republican Policy Committee on January 13, 2006, in order to run for House
Republican (Majority) Leader.
c. Representative McCotter was reelected chair of the House Republican Policy Committee for the 111th
Congress, but the vote was not announced.
Table 12. House Republican Research Committee Chairman Elections
Congress Candidate
State Votes
94th
Louis Frey
FL
no opposition
95th
Bill Frenzel
MN
77 votes
Marjorie Holt
MD
53 votes
96th
Trent Lott
MS
vote not announced-elected
Lawrence Coughlin
PA
vote not announced
Willis Gradison
OH
vote not announced
97th
Edward Madigan
IL
vote not announced-elected
Robert Walker
PA
vote not announced
98th
James Martin
NC
no opposition
99th
Jerry Lewis
CA
no opposition
100th
Initial Election
Jerry Lewisa CA
no
opposition
Replacement Election of June 4, 1989 - 1st Ballot
Mickey Edwards
OK
72 votes
Steve Bartlett
TX
57 votes
Steve Gunderson
WI
42 votes
Replacement Election of June 4, 1989 - 2nd Ballot
Mickey Edwards
OK
93 votes
Steve Bartlett
TX
71 votes
101st
Duncan Hunter
CA
vote not announced-elected
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗŝȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Congress Candidate
State Votes
Steve Bartlett
TX
vote not announced
102nd
Duncan Hunter
CA
no opposition
103rd
Duncan Hunter
CA
no opposition
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
Note: The committee was abolished after the 103rd Congress.
a. Representative Lewis was elected chairman of the Republican Policy Committee on June 4, 1989, and was
succeeded as House Republican Research Committee chairman by Representative Edwards the same day.
Table 13. House National Republican Congressional Committee Chairman Elections
Congress Candidatea
State Votes
94th
Guy Vander Jagt
MI
no opposition
95th
Guy Vander Jagt
MI
no opposition
96th
Guy Vander Jagt
MI
no opposition
97th
Guy Vander Jagt
MI
no opposition
98th
Guy Vander Jagt
MI
no opposition
99th
Guy Vander Jagt
MI
no opposition
100th
Guy Vander Jagt
MI
no opposition
101st
Guy Vander Jagt
MI
no opposition
102nd
Guy Vander Jagt
MI
98 votes
Donald K. Sundquist
TN
66 votes
103rd
Leon William (Bill) Paxon
NY
no opposition
104th
Leon William (Bill) Paxon
NY
no opposition
105th John
E.
Linderb GA
—
106th
Thomas M. Davisc VA
130
votes
John E. Linder
GA
77 votes
107th
Thomas M. Davis
VA
no opposition
108th
Thomas M. Reynolds
NY
119 votes
Jerry Weller
IL
90 votes
109th
Thomas M. Reynolds
NY
no opposition
110th
1st Ballot
Tom Cole
OK
80 votes
Pete Sessions
TX
73 votes
Phil English
PA
32 votes
2nd Ballot
Tom Cole
OK
102 votes
Pete Sessions
TX
81 votes
111th
Pete Sessions
TX
no opposition
˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗŞȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
a. From the 94th through the 100th Congress, the chairmen of the House National Republican Congressional
Committee were appointed by House leaders.
b. In November 1996, during the organizational meetings for the 105th Congress, the chairman of the House
National Republican Congressional Committee was appointed by Speaker of the House, Newt Gingrich
(See Jackie Koszczuk, “Despite Rumblings, Gingrich Has No Serious Challenger,” Congressional Quarterly
Weekly Report, vol. 54, Nov. 16, 1996, p. 3277).
c. In November 1998, during its organizational meetings for the 106th Congress, the Republican Conference
changed its rules to make the chairmanship of the committee an elected position rather than an appointed
one (See Jeffrey L. Katz and Carroll J. Doherty, “New GOP Leaders’ Watchword Is Realism, Not
Revolution,” Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report, vol. 56, Nov. 21, 1998, p. 3166).
Table 14. House Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee Chairman
Appointments
Congress Candidate
State Votes
94th
Wayne L. Hays
OH
—
95th
James C. Corman
CA
—
96th
James C. Corman
CA
—
97th
Anthony L. (Tony) Coelho
CA
—
98th
Anthony L. (Tony) Coelho
CA
—
99th
Anthony L. (Tony) Coelho
CA
—
100th
Beryl F. Anthony, Jr.
AR
—
101st
Beryl F. Anthony, Jr.
AR
—
102nd
Vic H. Fazio, Jr.
CA
—
103rd
Vic H. Fazio, Jr.
CA
—
104th Martin
Frost
TX —
105th Martin
Frost
TX —
106th
Patrick J. Kennedy
RI
—
107th Nita
Lowey
NY —
108th
Robert T. Matsui
CA
—
109th
Rahm Emanuel
IL
—
110th
Chris Van Hollen
MD
—
111th
Chris Van Hollen
MD
—
Source: Various publications of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.,and various editions of the Congressional Record,
Congressional Staff Directories, and Journals of the House of Representatives.
Note: Thus far, the chairmen of the House Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee have always been
appointed by the House Democratic leadership.

˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŗşȱ

Š“˜›ȱŽŠ?Ž›œ‘’™ȱ•ŽŒ?’˜—ȱ˜—?Žœ?œȱ’—ȱ?‘Žȱ ˜žœŽȱ˜?ȱŽ™›ŽœŽ—?Š?’ŸŽœȱ
ȱ
ž?‘˜›ȱ˜—?ŠŒ?ȱ —?˜›–Š?’˜—ȱ

Mildred Amer

Specialist on the Congress
mamer@crs.loc.gov, 7-8304

˜—?›Žœœ’˜—Š•ȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ȱŽ›Ÿ’ŒŽȱ
ŘŖȱ