{
  "id": "RL30535",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "RL30535",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 101912,
      "date": "2000-04-21",
      "retrieved": "2016-05-24T20:37:04.378941",
      "title": "Management of U.S. Fisheries for Highly Migratory Species",
      "summary": "Domestic and international management of highly migratory fish species ( e.g. , marlin,\nsailfish,\nswordfish, shark, and tuna) is complex and controversial because these species migrate across many\njurisdictions and are caught in various fisheries where commercial and sport fishermen compete for\nharvests. Increasing environmental concern and user competition for a shrinking resource have led\ngroups to ask Congress to consider several initiatives that would modify how the United States\nmanages these fisheries.\n  Domestically, the National Marine Fisheries Service and regional fishery management councils\nhave developed management measures for highly migratory species (HMS) fisheries under the\nauthority of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act. Internationally, the\nUnited States participates as a Party to several agreements for managing these species cooperatively. \nIn addition, a Multilateral High-Level Conference on Conservation and Management of Highly\nMigratory Fish Stocks in the Central and Western Pacific is in the final stages of negotiation.\n  Swordfish management concerns include overfishing in the Atlantic, with proposals seeking to\nprohibit pelagic longline fishing in certain areas of the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico and to finance a\nbuyout of longline vessel permits. Legislation has been introduced in the 106th Congress to\nimplement\nthese proposals ( H.R. 3331 ,  H.R. 3390 ,  S. 1911 ) or to\nprohibit all pelagic longline fishing in U.S. Atlantic waters ( H.R. 3516 ). Shark finning\n( i.e. , removal of fins and discarding of the rest of the shark carcass) is controversial and\ncurrently is\nprohibited in the Atlantic but allowed in the Pacific. Legislation ( H.R. 3535 ) in the 106th\nCongress proposes to prohibit this practice in the Pacific.\n  General management issues relate to establishing better means of monitoring the far-ranging\nfisheries for HMS, using a combination of satellite technology ( e.g. , vessel monitoring\nsystems) and\nonboard observers, and to minimizing incidental bycatch of non-target species, such as sea turtles and\nmarine mammals, by HMS fishing gear.\n  This document will be updated periodically as these issues evolve.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
      "active": false,
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          "encoding": null,
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL30535",
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      "topics": []
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Energy Policy"
  ]
}