Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in Executive Departments During the 106th Congress, 1999-2000

Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in Executive Departments During the 106th Congress, 1999-2000

Order Code RL30524
CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web
Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions
in Executive Departments During the 106th
Congress, 1999-2000
Updated March 26, 2001
-name redacted-
Specialist in American National Government
Government and Finance Division
Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in
Executive Departments During the 106th Congress,
1999-2000
Summary
This report focuses on presidential nominations and Senate confirmations to the
330 full-time positions in the 14 executive departments to which the President makes
appointments, with the advice and consent of the Senate.
During the 106th Congress, President Clinton submitted 136 nominations and
made 18 recess appointments to full-time positions requiring Senate confirmation.
The Senate confirmed 108 nominations and returned 24; the President withdrew four
nominations. On average, the Senate took 105 days (three and a half months) to
confirm a nomination. Sixty-eight nominations (63%) took less than 105 days to be
confirmed, and 40 (37%) took more than 105 days. The length of time for individual
nominations to be confirmed varied considerably–33 nominations took less than two
months, and 13 nominations took over six months, with the three longest taking over
10 months (two nominations) and one over 14 months.
Nominations to eight departments on average were confirmed in less than the
105-day average, including the Department of Defense 52 days, Department of
Energy 81 days, Department of Housing and Urban Development 81 days,
Department of State 97 days, Department of Agriculture 98 days, Department of the
Interior 99 days, Department of the Treasury 100 days, and Department of
Transportation 104 days. Nominations to five departments on average were
confirmed above the 105 day average, including the Department of Commerce 112
days, Department of Education 114 days, Department of Veterans Affairs 121 days,
Department of Labor 169 days, and Department of Justice 178 days.
Excluded from the report are appointments to positions in the military services
officer corps (including the Coast Guard), the Foreign Service and overseas
commercial and diplomatic posts, and the two uniformed civilian services (Public
Health Service and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Corps); and
positions as U.S. Attorneys and U.S. Marshals. Information provided in this report
was compiled from the LEGIS nominations database in the Senate Computer Center,
the Congressional Record (daily edition), the Weekly Compilation of Presidential
Documents, and telephone discussions with department officials.

Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The Appointment Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Recess Appointments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Temporary Appointments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Nominations and Appointments During 106th Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Nominations and Appointments to Individual Departments . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Department of Agriculture (UDSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Department of Commerce (DOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Department of Defense (DOD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Department of Education (EDUC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Department of Energy (DOE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Department of the Interior (DOI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Department of Justice (DOJ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Department of Labor (DOL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Department of State (DOS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Department of Transportation (DOT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Department of the Treasury (TREA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
List of Tables
Table 1. Nomination and Appointment Action
in the 106th Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Table 2. Average Number of Days to Confirm a Nomination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Table 3. Alphabetical Listing of Nominees and Appointees
During 106th Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Table 4. Nomination and Appointment Action,
Executive Departments, 106th Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Table 5. Abbreviations of Departments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Presidential Appointments to Full-Time
Positions in Executive Departments During
the 106th Congress, 1999-2000
Introduction
This report lists the 330 full-time positions requiring Senate confirmation in the
14 executive departments and the names of the incumbents in the positions. (All full-
time positions are included, except U.S. Attorney and U.S. Marshal positions in the
Department of Justice; Foreign Service and diplomatic positions in the Department
of State; officer corps positions in the civilian uniformed services of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the Department of Commerce, and of the
Public Health Service in the Department of Health and Human Services; and the
officer corps in the military services.) The report also lists all nominations submitted
by the President to the Senate for confirmation, and the action taken on the
nominations during the 106th Congress.
Data for the report were compiled from the LEGIS nominations database in the
Senate Computer Center, the Congressional Record (daily edition), the Weekly
Compilation of Presidential Documents, and telephone discussions with agency
officials. A similar report is available for the 105th Congress.1
During the 106th Congress, President Clinton submitted 136 nominations2 and
made 18 recess appointments to full-time positions requiring Senate confirmation.
The Senate confirmed 108 (79%) of the nominations and returned 24 (18%). The
President withdrew four nominations (3%).
1U.S. Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service, Presidential Appointments to
Full-Time Positions in Executive Departments During the 105th Congress, by (name r
edacted), CRS Report 98-357 GOV (Washington: Mar. 15, 1999).
2 To avoid double counting, only one nomination is counted as being submitted when (1) a
nomination is withdrawn by the White House to make a minor change and is then immediately
resubmitted to the Senate; and (2) a nomination is submitted to the Senate, the nominee is
given a recess appointment while the nomination is pending, and a second nomination is
submitted notifying the Senate that the nominee has been given a recess appointment.
Consequently, total figures regarding nominations in this report will not be the same as those
found in the monthly “Resume of Congressional Activity” in the Congressional Record, nor
in the nominations returned and withdrawn section of the Journal of the Executive
Proceedings of the Senate.

CRS-2
Table 1. Nomination and Appointment Action
in the 106th Congress
Nominations submitted to the Senate
136
Nominations confirmed by the Senate
108
Nominations withdrawn by the President
4
Nominations returned to the President
24
Recess appointments made by the President
18
On average, the Senate took 105 days or three and a half months to confirm a
nomination. Overall, 68 nominations (63%) were confirmed before 105 days, and 40
(37%) were confirmed after 105 days. The length of time for confirmation of
individual nominations varied considerably. While 33 nominations took less than two
months to confirm, 13 took over six months, with the three longest taking over 10
months (two nominations) and one over 14 months.
Nominations to eight departments on average were confirmed below the 105-
day average, including the Department of Defense 52 days, Department of Energy 81
days, Department of Housing and Urban Development 81 days, Department of State
97 days, Department of Agriculture 98 days, Department of the Interior 99 days,
Department of the Treasury 100 days, and Department of Transportation 104 days.
Nominations to five departments on average were confirmed above the 105 day
average, including the Department of Commerce 112 days, Department of Education
114 days, Department of Veterans Affairs 121 days, Department of Labor 169 days,
and Department of Justice 178 days.
Table 2. Average Number of Days to Confirm a Nomination
Confirmed nominations
Average
number
Department
Number
of days
Department of Defense
14
52
Department of Energy
10
81
Department of Housing and Urban
2
81
Development
Department of State
20
97
Department of Agriculture
3
98
Department of the Interior
5
99
Department of the Treasury
16
100
Department of Transportation
3
104
Department of Commerce
12
112
Department of Education
3
114
Department of Veterans Affairs
3
121
Department of Labor
8
169
Department of Justice
9
178
Department of Health and Human Services
0
na

CRS-3
The Appointment Process
The President and the Senate share the power to appoint the principal officers
of the United States.3 The Constitution (Article II, Section 2) empowers the
President to nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint
the principal officers of the United States. Three distinct stages mark the appointment
process–nomination, confirmation, and appointment.
In the nomination or first stage, the President selects the nominee and sends the
nomination to the Senate. For positions located within a state (U.S. Attorney, U.S.
Marshal, and U.S. District Judge), the President, by custom, normally nominates an
individual recommended by the Senator or Senators from that state if they are from
the same party as the President. If neither Senator is from the same party, the
President normally defers to the recommendations of party leaders from the state.
Occasionally, the President solicits recommendations from Senators of the opposition
party when they hold key Senate positions. Before making a nomination, whether at
the state or national level, the President must consider how it will fare in the
confirmation process.
A nomination to a position does not give the nominee legal authority to assume
the duties and responsibilities of the position. That authority comes only after the
nominee is confirmed and appointed. While awaiting confirmation, a nominee often
is hired as a consultant and may act only in an advisory capacity. A nominee serving
in an “acting” capacity (see below), however, has full authority to exercise the duties
and responsibilities of the position.
In the confirmation or second stage, the Senate alone determines whether to
approve or disapprove a nomination. How the Senate acts on a nomination depends
largely on the importance of the position involved, existing political circumstances,
and policy implications. Generally, the Senate shows particular interest in the
nominees’ views and how they are likely to affect public policy.4 How closely their
personal and professional qualities are examined will also depend on whether or not
the President’s party controls the Senate and how involved he becomes in supporting
the nomination.
Although the Senate confirms most nominations, no President can safely assume
that all of his nominees will be approved routinely. Rarely, however, does a rejection
occur on the Senate floor. Nearly all rejections occur in committee, by either
committee vote or committee inaction. Rejections in committee occur for a variety
of reasons, including: opposition to the nomination; an inadequate amount of time for
consideration of the nomination; or factors that may have nothing to do with the
3A succinct historical and contemporary overview of the appointment power is found in (name
redacted),
“Appointment Powers,” in his Constitutional Conflicts between Congress and the
President, 4th ed. (Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas Press, 1997), pp. 22-48.
4G. Calvin Mackenzie, The Politics of Presidential Appointments (New York: The Free
Press, 1981), pp. 97-189.

CRS-4
merits of the nomination. Between 1981 and 1992, the Senate confirmed 90% of all
nominations to full-time positions in the executive departments.5
The first two stages of the appointment process may be summarized by the view
that, while the President proposes, the Senate disposes. In the third or final stage, the
confirmed nominee is given a commission signed by the President, with the seal of the
United States affixed thereto, and is sworn into office. At that point, he or she has
full authority to carry out the responsibilities of the office.
Recess Appointments
The process also enables the President to make an appointment without the need
for it to be confirmed by the Senate when that body is in recess, either during a
session (intrasession recess appointment) or between sessions (intersession recess
appointment). Recess appointments expire at the end of the next session of
Congress.6
Presidents have occasionally used the recess appointment power to circumvent
the confirmation process. In response, Congress has placed additional restrictions on
the President’s authority to make a recess appointment. Under 5 U.S.C. 5503(a), if
the position to which the President makes a recess appointment fell vacant while the
Senate was in session, the appointee may not be paid from the Treasury until he or she
is confirmed by the Senate. The salary prohibition does not apply: (1) if the vacancy
arose within 30 days before the end of the session; (2) if a nomination for the office
(other than the nomination of someone given a recess appointment during the
preceding recess) was pending when the Senate recessed; or (3) if a nomination was
rejected within 30 days before the end of the session and another individual was given
the recess appointment. A recess appointee falling under any one of these three
exceptions must be nominated not later than 40 days after the beginning of the next
session of the Senate.7 For this reason, when a recess appointment is made, the
President generally submits a new nomination for the nominee even when an old
nomination is pending.
Temporary Appointments
Congress has also provided limited statutory authority for the temporary filling
of vacant positions requiring Senate confirmation. Under the Federal Vacancies
Reform Act of 1998, P.L. 105-277, Division C, Title I, section 151, to be codified at
5 U.S.C. 3354-3359d, an advice and consent position in an executive agency that
5U.S. Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service, Senate Action on Nominations
to Policy Positions in the Executive Branch, 1981-1992, by (name redacted), CRS Report 93-
464 GOV (Washington: Apr. 28, 1993).
6Art. II, Sec. 2, Cl. 3 of the Constitution.
7For additional information on recess appointments, see U.S. Library of Congress,
Congressional Research Service, Recess Appointments: Legal Overview, by Richard C.
Ehlke, CRS Report 87-832 A (Washington: Oct. 19, 1987).

CRS-5
becomes vacant may be filled temporarily in one of three ways: (1) the first assistant
to such a position automatically assumes the functions and duties of the office; or (2)
the President directs an officer in any agency who is occupying a position requiring
Senate confirmation to perform those tasks; or (3) the President selects any officer or
employee of the subject agency who is occupying a position whose rate of pay is
equal to or greater than the minimum rate of pay at the GS-15 level and who has been
with the agency for at least 90 of the preceding 365 days. The temporary
appointment is for 210 days, but the time restriction is suspended if a first or second
nomination for the position is pending. In addition, during a presidential transition,
the 210-day restriction period does not begin to run until either 90 days after the
President assumes office, or 90 days after the vacancy occurs, if it is within the 90-day
inauguration period. The act does not apply to positions on multi-headed regulatory
boards and commissions and to certain other specific positions which may be filled
temporarily under other statutory provisions.
Nominations and Appointments During 106th Congress
Table 3, below, lists, in alphabetical order, all nominees/appointees to positions
in executive departments, with dates of nomination and confirmation. The
“Confirmed” column notes whether the nomination was confirmed, withdrawn,
returned, or rejected. The “Days to confirm” column indicates the number of days the
Senate took to confirm the nominee from the time the nomination was received in the
Senate. On average, the Senate took 105 days (three and a half months) to confirm
a nomination after receiving it. The 32 days the Senate was recessed (August 8
through September 9, 1999) during the first session, 40 days it was recessed (July 27
through September 5, 2000) during the second session, and 56 days it was adjourned
between the end of the first session and the beginning of the second session
(November 29, 1999, through January 24, 2000), were excluded when calculating the
number of days the Senate took to confirm the nominations that were pending during
those periods.

CRS-6
Table 3. Alphabetical Listing of Nominees and Appointees During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee/Appointee
Position
Departmenta
Nominated
Confirmed
confirmb
Sylvia V. Baca
Assistant Secretary
DOI
08/05/99
02/29/00
120
William B. Bader
Assistant Secretary
DOS
09/13/99
11/10/99
58
Gregory A. Baer
Assistant Secretary
TREA
09/22/99
11/10/99
49
Sue Bailey
Administrator
DOT
07/26/00
Returned 12/15/00
Sue Bailey
Administrator
DOT
Recess Appointment 08/03/00
Monte R. Belger
Deputy Administrator
DOT
11/10/99
Returned 12/15/00
Linda J. Bilmes
CFO/Assistant Secretary
DOC
10/20/99
11/19/99
30
Charles A. Blanchard
General Counsel (Army)
DOD
06/30/99
08/05/99
36
Avis T. Bohlen
Assistant Secretary
DOS
10/01/99
11/10/99
40
Richard A. Boucher
Assistant Secretary
DOS
06/13/00
12/15/00
145
Kenneth M. Bresnahan
Chief Financial Officer
DOL
01/06/99
11/10/99
276
Arthur C. Campbell
Assistant Secretary
DOC
03/22/00
12/15/00
228
Arthur C. Campbell
Assistant Secretary
DOC
Recess appointment 08/03/00
Kelly H. Carnes
Assistant Secretary
DOC
03/05/99
11/10/99
218
Anne H. Chasser
Assistant Commissioner
DOC
07/27/99
11/10/99
74
Michael Cohen
Assistant Secretary
EDUC
07/01/99
11/10/99
100
Madelyn R. Creedon
Deputy Administrator
DOE
03/09/00
07/10/00
123
Troy H. Cribb
Assistant Secretary
DOC
07/27/00
10/24/00
49
James B. Cunningham
U.S. Deputy Representative
DOS
07/01/99
11/10/99
100
Gregory R. Dahlberg
Under Secretary (Army)
DOD
03/20/00
05/18/00
59
Lawrence J. Delaney
Assistant Secretary (Air
DOD
03/02/99
04/29/99
58
Force)
Rudy deLeon
Deputy Secretary
DOD
03/07/00
03/29/00
22
Earl E. Devaney
Inspector General
DOI
07/22/99
08/05/99
14
Carol DiBattiste
Under Secretary (Air Force)
DOD
06/30/99
08/05/99
36
Q. Todd Dickinson
Commissioner
DOC
07/01/99
11/10/99
100
James F. Dobbins
Assistant Secretary
DOS
09/26/00
Returned 12/15/00
James F. Dobbins
Assistant Secretary
DOS
Recess appointment 12/29/00
James A. Dorskind
General Counsel
DOC
10/25/00
Returned 12/15/00
James A. Dorskind
General Counsel
DOC
Recess appointment 12/21/00

CRS-7
Days to
Nominee/Appointee
Position
Departmenta
Nominated
Confirmed
confirmb
Mildred S. Dresselhaus
Director
DOE
05/23/00
07/26/00
64
Douglas A. Dworkin
General Counsel
DOD
03/07/00
06/09/00
94
William A. Eaton
Assistant Secretary
DOS
03/20/00
Returned 12/15/00
Robert J. Einhorn
Assistant Secretary
DOS
04/13/99
11/10/99
179
Stuart E. Eizenstat
Deputy Secretary
TREA
06/17/99
07/13/99
26
Armando Falcon, Jr.
Director
HUD
06/07/99
09/29/99
82
Nuria I. Fernandez
Administrator
DOT
03/22/00
Returned 12/15/00
Paul W. Fiddick
Assistant Secretary
USDA
06/24/99
11/10/99
107
Glenn A. Fine
Inspector General
DOJ
05/15/00
12/15/00
174
Andrew C. Fish
Assistant Secretary
USDA
07/19/99
10/07/99
48
Michael J. Frazier
Assistant Secretary
DOT
08/03/99
11/10/99
67
Johnnie E. Frazier
Inspector General
DOC
06/23/99
07/15/99
22
A. Lee Fritschler
Assistant Secretary
EDUC
06/21/99
11/10/99
110
Thomas A. Fry, III
Director
DOI
10/27/99
05/24/00
154
Thomas L. Garthwaite
Under Secretary
DVA
05/15/00
09/08/00
76
Irasema Garza
Director
DOL
06/23/99
11/19/99
117
Robert W. Gee
Assistant Secretary
DOE
01/29/99
04/19/99
80
Timothy F. Geithner
Under Secretary
TREA
01/06/99
04/21/99
105
Gary Gensler
Under Secretary
TREA
01/06/99
04/21/99
105
T. J. Glauthier
Deputy Secretary
DOE
01/06/99
03/17/99
70
Nicholas P. Godici, II
Assistant Commissioner
DOC
01/31/00
Withdrawn 05/23/00
David L. Goldwyn
Assistant Secretary
DOE
04/12/99
07/13/99
92
John A. Gordon
Under Secretary
DOE
05/03/00
06/14/00
42
Rose E. Gottemoeller
Assistant Secretary
DOE
02/25/99
03/25/99
28
Marc Grossman
Director General
DOS
03/20/00
06/09/00
81
John T. Hanson
Assistant Secretary
DVA
04/12/99
07/01/99
80
John D. Hawke, Jr.
Comptroller of the Currency
TREA
01/06/99
10/07/99
242
David J. Hayes
Deputy Secretary
DOI
08/03/99
02/22/00
115
Donald S. Hays
U.S. Representative
DOS
10/06/99
11/10/99
35
Gordon S. Heddell
Inspector General
DOL
03/23/00
12/15/00
227

CRS-8
Days to
Nominee/Appointee
Position
Departmenta
Nominated
Confirmed
confirmb
Richard Holbrooke
U.S. Representative
DOS
02/10/99
08/05/99
176
Frank S. Holleman, III
Deputy Secretary
EDUC
11/10/99
Returned 12/15/00
Frank S. Holleman, III
Deputy Secretary
EDUC
Recess appointment 12/28/99
Elwood Holstein, Jr.
Assistant Secretary
DOC
09/14/00
Returned 12/15/00
Elwood Holstein, Jr.
Assistant Secretary
DOC
Recess appointment 12/21/00
John D. Holum
Under Secretary
DOS
03/05/99
Returned 12/15/00
John D. Holum
Under Secretary
DOS
Recess appointment 08/04/00
Carolyn L. Huntoon
Assistant Secretary
DOE
01/06/99
07/01/99
176
Ivan Itkin
Director
DOE
08/03/99
11/19/99
76
Albert S. Jacquez
Administrator
DOT
01/06/99
07/01/99
176
Jay Johnson
Director
TREA
09/08/99
05/24/00
203
Paula M. Junghans
Assistant Attorney General
DOJ
07/27/00
Returned 12/15/00
Roger W. Kallock
Deputy Under Secretary
DOD
05/17/00
09/08/00
74
T. Michael Kerr
Administrator
DOL
06/23/99
11/19/99
117
Kenneth W. Kizer
Under Secretary
DVA
01/06/99
Withdrawn 07/14/99
Leslie B. Kramerich
Assistant Secretary
DOL
07/10/00
12/15/00
118
Alan P. Larson
Under Secretary
DOS
10/08/99
11/19/99
42
Robert S. LaRussa
Under Secretary
DOC
05/25/00
12/15/00
164
Robert S. LaRussa
Under Secretary
DOC
Recess appointment 08/04/00
Luis J. Lauredo
U.S. Representative - OAS
DOS
11/10/99
12/15/00
305
Luis J. Lauredo
U.S. Representative - OAS
DOS
Recess appointment 12/22/99
Mary Lou Leary
Assistant Attorney General
DOJ
09/22/00
Returned 12/15/00
Bill Lann Lee
Assistant Attorney General
DOJ
03/05/99
Returned 12/15/00
Bill Lann Lee
Assistant Attorney General
DOJ
Recess appointment 08/03/00
James B. Lewis
Director
DOE
05/20/99
07/13/99
54
Lorraine P. Lewis
Inspector General
EDUC
01/14/99
05/26/99
132
Evelyn S. Lieberman
Under Secretary
DOS
06/24/99
07/30/99
36
Donald A. Mahley
Special Negotiator
DOS
03/07/00
05/24/00
78
Alphonso Maldon, Jr.
Assistant Secretary
DOD
10/04/99
11/05/99
32
Donald Mancuso
Inspector General
DOD
06/28/00
Returned 12/15/00

CRS-9
Days to
Nominee/Appointee
Position
Departmenta
Nominated
Confirmed
confirmb
Daniel Marcus
Associate Attorney General
DOJ
02/28/00
12/15/00
251
Hans Mark
Assistant Secretary
DOD
10/19/00
Returned 12/15/00
Donnie R. Marshall
Administrator
DOJ
02/22/00
05/24/00
92
John W. Marshall
Director
DOJ
08/05/99
11/10/99
65
Mark J. Mazur
Administrator
DOE
10/17/00
Returned 12/15/00
Richard M. McGahey
Assistant Secretary
DOL
03/02/99
11/10/99
221
Christopher A. McLean
Administrator
USDA
02/09/00
06/27/00
139
Edward F. Meagher
Assistant Secretary
DVA
09/19/00
Returned 12/15/00
Julio F. Mercado
Deputy Administrator
DOJ
03/23/00
06/29/00
98
Norman Y. Mineta
Secretary
DOC
07/17/00
07/20/00
3
Arthur L. Money
Assistant Secretary
DOD
05/13/99
09/30/99
108
Edward B. Montgomery
Assistant Secretary
DOL
05/05/99
11/10/99
157
Edward B. Montgomery
Deputy Secretary
DOL
01/24/00
05/24/00
121
Randolph D. Moss
Assistant Attorney General
DOJ
11/09/99
12/15/00
306
Randolph D. Moss
Assistant Attorney General
DOJ
Recess appointment 08/03/00
Beth Nolan
Assistant Attorney General
DOJ
03/05/99
Withdrawn 11/09/99
David W. Ogden
Assistant Attorney General
DOJ
06/10/99
12/15/00
426
David W. Ogden
Assistant Attorney General
DOJ
Recess appointment 08/03/00
F. Whitten Peters
Secretary (Air Force)
DOD
06/17/99
07/30/99
43
Robert B. Pirie, Jr.
Under Secretary (Navy)
DOD
09/07/00
10/12/00
35
Robert Raben
Assistant Attorney General
DOJ
05/03/99
10/07/99
125
Gregory Rohde
Assistant Secretary
DOC
08/03/99
11/10/99
67
Peter F. Romero
Assistant Secretary
DOS
01/06/99
Returned 12/15/00
Peter F. Romero
Assistant Secretary
DOS
Recess appointment 12/29/00
Lisa G. Ross
Assistant Secretary/CFO
TREA
06/06/00
12/15/00
152
Bernard D. Rostker
Under Secretary
DOD
03/20/00
05/18/00
59
J. Stapleton Roy
Assistant Secretary
DOS
10/01/99
11/10/99
40
Jeffrey Rush, Jr.
Inspector General
TREA
07/01/99
07/22/99
21
Lewis A. Sachs
Assistant Secretary
TREA
05/20/99
07/13/99
54
Julie E. Samuels
Director
DOJ
12/15/00
Returned 12/15/00

CRS-10
Days to
Nominee/Appointee
Position
Departmenta
Nominated
Confirmed
confirmb
Julie E. Samuels
Director
DOJ
Recess appointment 12/20/00
Francisco J. Sanchez
Assistant Secretary
DOT
06/13/00
Returned 12/15/00
Francisco J. Sanchez
Assistant Secretary
DOT
Recess appointment 08/03/00
David B. Sandalow
Assistant Secretary
DOS
03/05/99
10/22/99
199
Marjory E. Searing
Asst. Sec./Director General
DOC
06/30/00
12/15/00
128
Robert A. Seiple, Jr.
Ambassador at Large
DOS
01/06/99
03/24/99
77
Cheryl Shavers
Under Secretary
DOC
01/19/99
11/10/99
263
Owen J. Sheaks
Assistant Secretary
DOS
05/08/00
09/08/00
83
Michael A. Sheehan
Coordinator
DOS
06/17/99
08/03/99
47
Brian E. Sheridan
Assistant Secretary
DOD
03/18/99
04/29/99
42
Islam A. Siddiqui
Under Secretary
USDA
12/15/00
Returned 12/15/00
Islam A. Siddiqui
Under Secretary
USDA
Recess appointment 12/29/00
Thomas N. Slonaker
Special Trustee
DOI
02/23/00
05/24/00
91
Kenneth L. Smith
Assistant Secretary
DOI
10/25/00
Returned 12/15/00
Kenneth L. Smith
Assistant Secretary
DOI
Recess appointment 12/21/00
Marshall S. Smith
Deputy Secretary
EDUC
03/25/99
Withdrawn 11/18/99
Michelle A. Smith
Assistant Secretary
TREA
02/23/00
05/24/00
91
Lawrence H. Summers
Secretary
TREA
06/07/99
07/01/99
24
Jonathan Talisman
Assistant Secretary
TREA
07/25/00
12/15/00
103
Ruth M. Thomas
Deputy Under Secretary
TREA
06/16/00
12/15/00
142
Edwin M. Truman
Deputy Under Secretary
TREA
01/06/99
04/21/99
105
Kathryn M. Turman
Director
DOJ
08/03/99
11/10/99
67
Stephen D. Van Beek
Associate Deputy Secretary
DOT
08/02/99
11/10/99
68
John K. Veroneau
Assistant Secretary
DOD
10/04/99
11/05/99
32
Susan M. Wachter
Assistant Secretary
HUD
07/30/99
11/19/99
80
Edward S. Walker, Jr.
Assistant Secretary
DOS
10/27/99
11/10/99
14
Robert M. Walker
Under Secretary
DVA
11/10/99
09/08/00
207
Earl A. Wayne
Assistant Secretary
DOS
11/03/99
05/24/00
147
David C. Williams
Inspector General-Tax
TREA
01/22/99
04/29/99
97
Admin.
John J. Wilson
Administrator
DOJ
09/25/00
Returned 12/15/00

CRS-11
Days to
Nominee/Appointee
Position
Departmenta
Nominated
Confirmed
confirmb
Judith A. Winston
Under Secretary
EDUC
07/13/00
Returned 12/15/00
Judith A. Winston
Under Secretary
EDUC
Recess appointment 12/27/00
Lauress L. Wise, II
Commissioner
EDUC
02/02/00
Returned 12/15/00
Neal S. Wolin
General Counsel
TREA
08/02/99
11/19/99
77
Norman A. Wulf
Special Representative
DOS
08/05/99
11/10/99
65
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
105
a See page 32 for department abbreviations.
b The 32 days the Senate was recessed (August 8 through September 9, 1999) during the first session, 40 days it was recessed (July
27 through September 5, 2000) during the second session, and 56 days it was adjourned between the end of the first session and the
beginning of the second session (November 29, 1999, through January 24, 2000), were excluded when calculating the number of days
the Senate took to confirm the nominations that were pending during those periods.

CRS-12
Table 4. Nomination and Appointment Action,
Executive Departments, 106th Congress
Recess
Days to
Positions
Action on nominations
appoint
confirm
Department
Number
Nominated
Confirmed
Withdrawn
Returned
Number
Number
Agriculture
15
4
3
0
1
1
98
Commerce
26
15
12
1
2
4
112
Defense
45
16
14
0
2
0
52
Education
16
7
3
1
3
2
114
Energy
21
11
10
0
1
0
81
Health and
Human Resources
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
Housing and Urban
Development
16
2
2
0
0
81
Interior
19
6
5
0
1
1
99
Justice
27
15
9
1
5
4
178
Labor
18
8
8
0
0
0
169
State
48
24
20
0
4
4
97
Transportation
21
7
3
0
4
2
104
Treasury
24
16
16
0
0
0
100
Veterans Affairs
14
5
3
1
1
0
121
Total
330
136
108
4
24
18
Nominations and Appointments to Individual Departments
The following pages provide data on presidential nominations and appointments
to full-time positions requiring Senate confirmation, and the Senate action on the
nominations. For each department, the data are presented under two sections,
“Appointment Action During 106th Congress,” and “Positions and Incumbents in
Department.” The first section provides an overview of nominations and Senate
actions. Nominees are listed in alphabetical order, along with the titles of the
positions involved, and the dates of nomination and confirmation. Also noted are
those instances in which a nomination has been rejected, returned, or withdrawn.
The second section identifies all the positions that require Senate confirmation,
and lists the incumbents and the Executive Schedule Level of the positions. An
incumbent’s name followed by (A) indicates an official who is serving in an acting
capacity. Occasionally, positions are left vacant, either because of a pending
reorganization (which may result in the termination of the position), or because they
are being temporarily merged with other positions. For example, the chief financial
officer position in executive departments may be merged with another administrative
position (management, budget, or administration) that also requires Senate
confirmation. The roman numerals under “Level” show at which of the five pay levels
in the Executive Schedule the positions is placed.

CRS-13
Department of Agriculture (UDSA)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominated
Confirmed
confirm1
Paul W. Fiddick
Asst. Sec. - Administration
06/24/99
11/10/99
107
Andrew C. Fish
Asst. Sec. - Congressional Relations
07/19/99
10/07/99
48
Christopher A.
Admin. - Rural Utilities Service
02/09/00
06/27/00
139
McLean
Islam A. Siddiqui
Under Sec. - Market/Reg Programs
12/15/00
Returned2
Islam A. Siddiqui
Under Sec. - Market/Reg Programs
Recess appointment 12/29/00
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
98
1 Not included in the calculations in this and the ensuing tables, are the 56 days the Senate was adjourned between the end of
the 1st session and the beginning of the 2nd session (Nov. 29, 1999, through Jan. 24, 2000), as well as the 32 day recess in the
1st session (Aug. 8, 1999, through Sept. 9, 1999), and the 40 day recess in the 2nd session (July 27,2000, through Sept. 5, 2000).
2 Returned when the Senate adjourned on Dec. 15, 2000.
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Agriculture
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Daniel R. Glickman
I
Deputy Secretary
Richard E. Rominger
II
Under Secretary - Farm/Foreign Agricultural Services
August Schumacher, Jr.
III
Under Secretary - Food/Nutrition/Consumer Services
Shirley R. Watkins
III
Under Secretary - Food Safety
Catherine E. Woteki
III
Under Secretary - Marketing /Regulatory Programs
Islam A. Siddiqui
III
Under Secretary - Natural Resources/Environment
James R. Lyons
III
Under Secretary - Research/Education/Economics
I. Miley Gonzalez
III
Under Secretary - Rural Development
Jill Long-Thompson
III
Assistant Secretary - Administration
Paul W. Fiddick
IV
Assistant Secretary - Congressional Relations
Andrew C. Fish
IV
Chief Financial Officer1
Sally Thompson
IV
General Counsel
Charles R. Rawls
IV
Inspector General
Roger C. Viadero
IV
Administrator - Rural Utilities Services2
Christopher A. McLean
V
1 The chief financial officer may be appointed by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate,
or may be designated by the President from among agency officials who have been confirmed by the Senate
for another position (Sec. 901(a)(1), P.L. 101-576). This provisions applies to all other executive
departments.
2 Ten-year fixed-term position (7 U.S.C. 901); the current term expires on Nov. 20, 2003.

CRS-14
Department of Commerce (DOC)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominated
Confirmed
confirm
Linda J. Bilmes
Chief Financial Officer/Asst. Sec. - Admin.
10/20/99
11/19/99
30
Arthur C. Campbell
Asst. Sec. - Economic Development
03/22/00
12/15/00
228
Arthur C. Campbell
Asst. Sec. - Economic Development
Recess appointment 08/03/00
Kelly H. Carnes
Asst. Sec. - Technology Policy
03/05/99
11/10/99
218
Anne H. Chasser
Asst. Comm. - Patents Office
07/27/99
11/10/99
74
Troy H. Cribb
Asst. Sec. - Import Administration
07/27/00
10/24/00
49
Q. Todd Dickinson
Commissioner - Patents and Trademarks
07/01/99
11/10/99
100
James A. Dorskind
General Counsel
10/25/00
Returned 12/15/00
James A. Dorskind
General Counsel
Recess appointment 12/21/00
Johnnie E. Frazier
Inspector General
06/23/99
07/15/99
22
Nicholas P. Godici, II
Asst. Comm. - Trademarks Office
01/31/00
Withdrawn 05/23/00
Elwood Holstein, Jr.
Asst. Sec. - Oceans and Atmosphere
09/14/00
Returned 12/15/00
Elwood Holstein, Jr.
Asst. Sec. - Oceans and Atmosphere
Recess appointment 12/21/00
Robert S. LaRussa
Under Sec. - International Trade Admin.
05/25/00
12/15/00
164
Robert S. LaRussa
Under Sec. - International Trade Admin.
Recess appointment 08/04/00
Norman Y. Mineta
Secretary
07/17/00
07/20/00
3
Gregory Rohde
Asst. Sec. -Communications and Information
08/03/99
11/10/99
67
Marjory E. Searing
Asst. Sec./Dir. Gen.
06/30/00
12/15/00
128
U.S. Foreign Commerce Service.
Cheryl Shavers
Under Sec. - Technology
01/19/99
11/10/99
263
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
112

CRS-15
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Commerce
Positions1
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Norman Y. Mineta
I
Deputy Secretary
Robert L. Mallett
II
Under Secretary - Economic/Statistical Affairs
Robert J. Shapiro
II
Under Secretary - Export Administration
William Reinsch
II
Under Secretary - Intellectual Property/Patents & Trademark2
Q. Todd Dickinson
III
Under Secretary - International Trade Administration
Robert S. LaRussa
III
Under Secretary - Oceans/Atmosphere
D. James Baker
III
Under Secretary - Technology
Cheryl Shavers
III
Asst. Sec. - Administration/Chief Financial Officer
Linda J. Bilmes
IV
Asst. Sec. - Communications/Information
Gregory Rohde
IV
Asst. Sec. - Economic Development Administration
Arthur C. Campbell
IV
Asst. Sec. - Export Administration
R. Roger Majak
IV
Asst. Sec. - Export Enforcement
F. Amanda DeBusk
IV
Asst. Sec. - Import Administration
Troy H. Cribb
IV
Asst. Sec. - Legislative/Intergovernmental Affairs
Deborah K. Kilmer
IV
Asst. Sec. - Market Access/Compliance
Patrick A. Mulloy
IV
Asst. Sec. - Oceans and Atmosphere
Elwood Holstein, Jr.
IV
Asst. Sec. - Technology Policy
Kelly H. Carnes
IV
Asst. Sec. - Trade Development
Michael J. Copps
IV
Asst. Sec./Dir. Gen. - U.S./Foreign Commercial Service
Marjory E. Searing
IV
Chief Financial Officer
Linda J. Bilmes
IV
Director - Bureau of the Census
Kenneth Prewitt
IV
Director - National Institute of Standards and Technology
Raymond G. Kammer
IV
General Counsel
James A. Dorskind
IV
Inspector General
Johnnie E. Frazier
IV
Chief Scientist - National Oceanic/Atmospheric Admin.2
Vacant
V
1 Does not include positions in the officer corps of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
except for the chief scientist position.
2 Position of Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks to which Dickinson was appointed, was upgraded
to that of Under Secretary for Intellectual Property and Director of U.S. Patent and Trademark Office;
positions of Commissioner of Patents and Commissioner of Trademarkes were converted into Senior
Executive Service Positions (P.L. 106-113, 35 U.S.C. 3).

CRS-16
Department of Defense (DOD)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Positions
Nominated
Confirmed
confirm
Charles A. Blanchard
General Counsel - Army
06/30/99
08/05/99
36
Gregory R. Dahlberg
Under Sec. - Army
03/20/00
05/18/00
59
Lawrence J. Delaney
Asst. Sec. - Acquisition (Air Force)
03/02/99
04/29/99
58
Rudy deLeon
Deputy Secretary
03/07/00
03/29/00
22
Carol DiBattiste
Under Sec. - Air Force
06/30/99
08/05/99
36
Douglas A. Dworkin
General Counsel
03/07/00
06/09/00
94
Roger W. Kallock
Dep. Under Sec. - Logistics/Materiel
05/17/00
09/08/00
74
Readiness
Alphonso Maldon, Jr.
Asst. Sec. - Force Management Policy
10/04/99
11/05/99
32
Donald Mancuso
Inspector General
06/28/00
Returned 12/15/00
Hans Mark
Asst. Sec. - Nuclear/Chemical/Biological
10/19/00
Returned 12/15/00
Defense Programs
Arthur L. Money
Asst. Sec. - Command/Control/
05/13/99
09/30/99
108
Communications/Intelligence
F. Whitten Peters
Secretary - Air Force
06/17/99
07/30/99
43
Robert B. Pirie, Jr.
Under Sec. - Navy
09/07/00
10/12/00
35
Bernard D. Rostker
Under Sec. - Personnel and Readiness
03/20/00
05/18/00
59
Brian E. Sheridan
Asst. Sec. - Special Operations/
03/18/99
04/29/99
42
Low Intensity Conflict
John K. Veroneau
Asst. Sec. - Legislative Affairs
10/04/99
11/05/99
32
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
52

CRS-17
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Defense
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
William S. Cohen
I
Deputy Secretary
Rudy deLeon
II
Under Secretary - Acquisition/Technology
Jacques Gansler
III
Under Secretary - Comptroller/Chief Financial Officer
William J. Lynn III
III
Under Secretary - Personnel/Readiness
Bernard D. Rostker
III
Under Secretary - Policy
Walter B. Slocombe
III
Asst. Sec. - Command/Control/Communications/Intelligence
Arthur L. Money
IV
Asst. Sec. - Force Management Policy
Alphonso Maldon, Jr.
IV
Asst. Sec. - Health Affairs
Sue Bailey
IV
Asst. Sec. - Legislative Affairs
John K. Veroneau
IV
Asst. Sec. - International Security Affairs
Franklin D. Kramer
IV
Asst. Sec. - Nuclear/Chemical/Biological Defense Programs
Vacant
IV
Asst. Sec. - Public Affairs
Kenneth H. Bacon
IV
Asst. Sec. - Reserve Affairs
Vacant
IV
Asst. Sec. - Special Operations/Low Intensity Conflict
Brian E. Sheridan
IV
Asst. Sec. - Strategy/Requirements
Edward L. Warner III
IV
Director - Defense Research/Engineering
Hans Mark
IV
Director - Operational Testing/Evaluation
Philip E. Coyle
IV
General Counsel
Douglas A. Dworkin
IV
Inspector General
Vacant
IV
Deputy Under Sec. - Logistics and Materiel Readiness
Roger W. Kallock
IV
Principal Deputy Under Sec. - Acquisition/Technology
David R. Oliver
V
Principal Deputy Under Sec. - Policy
James M. Bodner
V
Department of the Air Force
Secretary
F. Whitten Peters
II
Under Secretary
Carol DiBattiste
IV
Asst. Sec. - Acquisition
Lawrence J. Delaney
IV
Asst. Sec. - Financial Management/Comptroller
Robert F. Hale
IV
Asst. Sec. - Manpower/Reserve Affairs/Installations
Ruby B. DeMesme
IV
Asst. Sec. - Space
Keith R. Hall
IV
General Counsel
Jeh C. Johnson
IV
Department of the Army
Secretary
Louis Caldera
II
Under Secretary
Gregory R. Dahlberg
IV
Asst. Sec. - Civil Works
Joseph W. Westphal
IV
Asst. Sec. - Financial Management/Comptroller
Helen T. McCoy
IV
Asst. Sec. - Installations/Logistics/Environment2
Mahlon Apgar IV
IV
Asst. Sec. - Manpower/Reserve Affairs
Patrick T. Henry
IV
Asst. Sec. - Research/Development/Acquisition
Paul J. Hoeper
IV
General Counsel
Charles A. Blanchard
IV
Department of the Navy
Secretary
Richard Danzig
II
Under Secretary
Robert B. Pirie, Jr.
IV
Asst. Sec. - Financial Management/Comptroller
Vacant
IV
Asst. Sec. - Installations/Environment
Robert B. Pirie
IV
Asst. Sec. - Manpower/Reserve Affairs
Carolyn H. Becraft
IV
Asst. Sec. - Research/Development/Acquisition
Herbert L. Buchanan III
IV
General Counsel
Stephen W. Preston
IV

CRS-18
Joint Chiefs of Staff1
Chairman
General Henry H. Shelton
Vice Chairman
General Richard B. Myers
Chief of Staff (Air Force)
General Michael E. Ryan
Chief of Staff (Army)
General Eric K. Shinseki
Chief of Staff (Naval Operations)
Admiral Jay Johnson
Commandant (Marine Corps)
General James L. Jones
1 Chairman and vice chairman serve two-year terms; other members serve four-year terms. General
Shelton’s term expires on Sept. 24, 2001; General Myer’s term expires on Oct. 29, 2001; General Ryan’s
term expired on Sept. 24, 2000, but he has been held over; General Shinseki’s term expires on June 16,
2001; Admiral Johnson’s term expired on Aug. 2, 2000, but he has been held over; and General Jones’,
term expires on June 16, 2001.

CRS-19
Department of Education (EDUC)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominated
Confirmed
confirm
Michael Cohen
Asst. Sec. - Elementary and Secondary
07/01/99
11/10/99
100
Education
A. Lee Fritschler
Asst. Sec. - Postsecondary Education
06/21/99
11/10/99
110
Frank S. Holleman, III
Deputy Secretary
11/10/99
Returned 12/15/00
Frank S. Holleman, III
Deputy Secretary
Recess appointment 12/28/991
Lorraine P. Lewis
Inspector General
01/14/99
05/26/99
132
Marshall S. Smith
Deputy Secretary
03/25/99
Withdrawn 11/18/99
Judith A. Winston
Under Secretary
07/13/00
Returned 12/15/00
Judith A. Winston
Under Secretary
Recess appointment 12/27/00
Lauress L. Wise, II
Commissioner - Education Statistics
02/02/00
Returned 12/15/00
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
114
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Education
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Richard W. Riley
I
Deputy Secretary
Frank S. Holleman, III
II
Under Secretary
Judith A. Winston
IV
Asst. Sec. - Civil Rights
Norma V. Cantu
IV
Asst. Sec. - Educational Research/Improvement
Cyril K. McGuire
IV
Asst. Sec. - Elementary/Secondary Education
Michael Cohen
IV
Asst. Sec. - Intergovernmental/Interagency Affairs
G. Mario Moreno
IV
Asst. Sec. - Legislation/Congressional Affairs
Scott S. Fleming
IV
Asst. Sec. - Postsecondary Education
A. Lee Fritschler
IV
Asst. Sec. - Special Education/Rehabilitation Services
Judith Heumann
IV
Asst. Sec. - Vocational/Adult Education
Patricia W. McNeill
IV
Chief Financial Officer
Thomas S. Kelly (A)
IV
Commissioner - National Center for Education Statistics2
Gary Phillips (A)
IV
General Counsel
Vacant
IV
Inspector General
Lorraine P. Lewis
IV
Commissioner - Rehabilitation Services Administration
Frederic K. Schroeder
IV
1 Recess appointment expires at end of 2nd session of 106th Congress.
2 Four-year fixed-term position (20 U.S.C. 9002(b)(1)).

CRS-20
Department of Energy (DOE)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominate
Confirme

d
d
confirm
Madelyn R. Creedon
Deputy Admin. - National Nuclear Security
03/09/00
07/10/00
123
Admin.
Mildred S.
Dir. - Office of Science
05/23/00
07/26/00
64
Dresselhaus
Robert W. Gee
Asst. Sec. - Fossil Energy
01/29/99
04/19/99
80
T. J. Glauthier
Deputy Secretary
01/06/99
03/17/99
70
David L. Goldwyn
Asst. Sec. - International Affairs
04/12/99
07/13/99
92
John A. Gordon
Under Sec. - Nuclear Security
05/03/00
06/14/00
42
Rose E. Gottemoeller
Asst. Sec. - Non-Proliferation/National Security
02/25/99
03/25/99
28
Carolyn L. Huntoon
Asst. Sec. - Environmental Management
01/06/99
07/01/99
176
Ivan Itkin
Dir. - Civilian Radioactive Waste Management
08/03/99
11/19/99
76
James B. Lewis
Dir. - Office of Minority Economic Impact
05/20/99
07/13/99
54
Mark J. Mazur
Admin. - Energy Information Administration
10/17/00
Returned 12/15/00
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
81
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Energy
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Bill Richardson
I
Deputy Secretary
T. J. Glauthier
II
Under Secretary
Ernest J. Moniz
III
Under Secretary - Nuclear Security1
John A. Gordon
III
Administrator - National Nuclear Security Administration1
John A. Gordon
III
Administrator -Energy Information Administration
Jay E. Hakes
IV
Asst. Sec. - Congressional/Intergovernmental Affairs
John C. Angell
IV
Asst. Sec. - Energy Efficiency/Renewable Energy
Dan W. Reicher
IV
Asst. Sec. - Environment/Safety/Health
David Michaels
IV
Asst. Sec. - Environmental Management
Carolyn L. Huntoon
IV
Asst. Sec. - Fossil Energy
Robert W. Gee
IV
Asst. Sec. - International Affairs
David L. Goldwyn
IV
Asst. Sec. - Non-Proliferation/National Security
Rose E. Gottemoeller
IV
Chief Financial Officer
Michael L. Telson
IV
Deputy Admin. - National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Madelyn R. Creedon
IV
Deputy Admin. - Nuclear Non-Proliferation, NNSA
Vacant
IV
Director - Civilian Radioactive Waste Management
Ivan Itkin
IV
Director - Office of Minority Economic Impact
James B. Lewis
IV
Director - Office of Science
Mildred S. Dresselhaus
IV
General Counsel
Mary A. Sullivan
IV
Inspector General
Gregory H. Friedman
IV
1 The under secretary serves as the administrator of the National Nuclear Security Administration.

CRS-21
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominated
Confirmed
confirm
None
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Health and Human Services
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Donna E. Shalala
I
Deputy Secretary
Kevin L. Thurm
II
Administrator - Health Care Financing Administration
Nancy A. DeParle
IV
Administrator - Substance Abuse/Mental Health
Nelba R. Chavez
IV
Asst. Sec. - Administration on Aging
Jeanette C. Takamura
IV
Asst. Sec. - Administration on Children/Families
Olivia A. Golden
IV
Asst. Sec. - Legislation
Richard Tarplin
IV
Asst. Sec. - Management/Budget
John J. Callahan
IV
Asst. Sec. - Planning/Evaluation
Margaret Hamburg
IV
Asst. Sec. - Public Affairs
Melissa T. Skolfield
IV
Asst. Sec./Surgeon General - Health
David Satcher
IV
Chief Financial Officer
John J. Callahan
IV
Commissioner - Food and Drug Administration
Jane E. Henney
IV
Director - National Institutes of Health
Ruth Kirschstein (A)
IV
General Counsel
Harriet S. Rabb
IV
Inspector General
June G. Brown
IV
Commissioner - Children/Youth/Families
Patricia T. Montoya
V
Commissioner - Administration for Native Americans
Gary N. Kimble
V
Director - Indian Health Services1
Michael H. Trujuillo
V
Surgeon General2
David Satcher
NA
1 Four-year term of office (25 U.S.C. 1661(a) note); current term expires on June 17, 2002.
2 Four-year term of office; by law, Surgeon General must be appointed from the regular corps
of the Public Health Service (42 U.S.C. 205). Current term expires on Feb. 10, 2002.

CRS-22
Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominated
Confirmed
confirm
Armando Falcon, Jr.
Dir. - Office of Federal Housing
06/07/99
09/29/99
82
Enterprises Oversight
Susan M. Wachter
Asst. Sec. - Policy Development/Research
07/30/99
11/19/99
80
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
81
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Housing and Urban Development
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Andrew M. Cuomo
I
Deputy Secretary
Saul N. Ramirez, Jr.
II
Director - Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight1
Armando Falcon, Jr.
II
Asst. Sec. - Administration
Vacant
IV
Asst. Sec. - Community Planning/Development
Cardell Cooper
IV
Asst. Sec. - Congressional/Intergovernmental Relations
Hal C. DeCell III
IV
Asst. Sec. - Fair Housing/Equal Opportunity
Eva M. Plaza
IV
Asst. Sec. - Federal Housing Commissioner
William C. Apgar
IV
Asst. Sec. - Policy Development/Research
Susan M. Wachter
IV
Asst. Sec. - Public Affairs
Vacant
IV
Asst. Sec. - Public/Indian Housing
Harold Lucas
IV
Chief Financial Officer
Vacant
IV
Director - Office of Multifamily Housing
Ira G. Peppercorn
IV
General Counsel
Gail Laster
IV
Inspector General
Susan Gaffney
IV
President - Government National Mortgage Association
Vacant
IV
1 Five-year term of office (12 U.S.C. 4512(a)(4)).

CRS-23
Department of the Interior (DOI)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominate
Confirme
confirm
d
d
Sylvia V. Baca
Asst. Sec. - Land/Minerals Management
08/05/99
02/29/00
120
Earl E. Devaney
Inspector General
07/22/99
08/05/99
14
Thomas A. Fry, III
Dir. - Bureau of Land Management
10/27/99
05/24/00
154
David J. Hayes
Deputy Secretary
08/03/99
02/22/00
115
Thomas N.
Office of Special Trustee/American
02/23/00
05/24/00
91
Slonaker
Indians
Kenneth L. Smith
Asst. Sec. - Fish and Wildlife
10/25/00
Returned 12/15/00
Kenneth L. Smith
Asst. Sec. - Fish and Wildlife
Recess appointment 12/21/00
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
99
Positions and Incumbents in Department of the Interior
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Bruce Babbitt
I
Deputy Secretary
David J. Hayes
II
Asst. Sec. - Fish/Wildlife
Kenneth L. Smith
IV
Asst. Sec. - Indian Affairs
Kevin Gover
IV
Asst. Sec. - Land/Minerals Management
Sylvia Baca
IV
Asst. Sec. - Policy, Management, and Budget
M. John Berry
IV
Asst. Sec. - Territories/International Affairs1
Vacant
IV
Asst. Sec. - Water/Science
Patricia J. Beneke
IV
Chairman - National Indian Gaming Commission2
Vacant
IV
Chief Financial Officer
M. John Berry
IV
Director - National Park Service
Robert G. Stanton
IV
Director - Office of Surface Mining/Reclamation/Enforcement
Kathleen Karpen
IV
Inspector General
Earl E. Devaney
IV
Solicitor
John D. Leshy
IV
Commissioner - Bureau of Reclamation
Eluid L. Martinez
V
Director - Bureau of Land Management
Thomas Fry, III
V
Director - U.S. Fish/Wildlife Service
Jamie R. Clark
V
Director - U.S. Geological Survey
Charles G. Groat
V
Special Trustee - Office of Special Trustee/American Indians
Thomas N. Slonaker
V
1 Position is unfunded.
2 Three-year term of office; incumbent may be removed only for neglect of duty or malfeasance
in office, or for other good cause (25 U.S.C. 704(b)).

CRS-24
Department of Justice (DOJ)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominate
Confirme
confirm
d
d
Glenn A. Fine
Inspector General
05/15/00
12/15/00
174
Paula M. Junghans
Asst. Attorney General - Tax Division
07/27/00
Returned 12/15/00
Mary Lou Leary
Asst. Att. General - Off. of Justice
09/22/00
Returned 12/15/00
Programs
Bill Lann Lee
Asst. Att. - Civil Rights Division
03/05/99
Returned 12/15/00
Bill Lann Lee
Asst. Att. General - Civil Rights Division
Recess appointment 08/03/00
Daniel Marcus
Associate Attorney General
02/28/00
12/15/00
251
Donnie R.
Admin. - Drug Enforcement
02/22/00
05/24/00
92
Marshall
Administration
John W. Marshall
Director - U.S. Marshals Service
08/05/99
11/10/99
65
Julio F. Mercado
Deputy Admin. - Drug Enforcement
03/23/00
06/29/00
98
Admin.
Randolph D. Moss
Asst. Att. General - Office of Legal
11/09/99
12/15/00
306
Counsel
Randolph D. Moss
Asst. Att. General - Office of Legal
Recess appointment 08/03/00
Counsel
Beth Nolan
Asst. Att. General - Office of Legal
03/05/99
Withdrawn 11/09/99
Counsel
David W. Ogden
Asst. Att. General - Civil Division
06/10/99
12/15/00
426
David W. Ogden
Asst. Att. General - Civil Division
Recess appointment 08/03/00
Robert Raben
Asst. Attorney General - Legislative Affairs
05/03/99
10/07/99
125
Julie E. Samuels
Director - National Institute of Justice
12/15/00
Returned 12/15/00
Julie E. Samuels
Director - National Institute of Justice
Recess appointment 12/20/00
Kathryn M.
Director - Office for Victims of Crime
08/03/99
11/10/99
67
Turman
John J. Wilson
Admin. - Juvenile Justice/Delinquency
09/25/00
Returned 12/15/00
Prevention
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
178

CRS-25
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Justice
Positions1
Incumbent
Level
Attorney General
Janet Reno
I
Deputy Attorney General
Eric H. Holder, Jr.
II
Director - Federal Bureau of Investigation2
Louis J. Freeh
II
Administrator - Drug Enforcement Administration
Donnie R. Marshall
III
Associate Attorney General
Daniel Marcus
III
Solicitor General
Seth Waxman
III
Asst. Attorney General - Antitrust Division
Joel I. Klein
IV
Asst. Attorney General - Civil Division
David Ogden
IV
Asst. Attorney General - Civil Rights Division
Bill Lann Lee
IV
Asst. Attorney General - Criminal Division
James K. Robinson
IV
Asst. Attorney General - Environ./Natural Resources
Lois J. Schiffer
IV
Asst. Attorney General - Legislative Affairs
Robert Raben
IV
Asst. Attorney General - Office of Justice Programs
Mary Lou Leary (A)
IV
Asst. Attorney General - Office of Legal Counsel
Randolph Moss
IV
Asst. Attorney General - Office of Policy Development
Eleanor Acheson
IV
Asst. Attorney General - Tax Division
Paula M. Junghans (A)
IV
Administrator - Juvenile Justice/Delinquency Prevention
John J. Wilson (A)
IV
Commissioner - Immigration/Naturalization Service
Doris Meissner
IV
Deputy Admin - Drug Enforcement Administration
Julio F. Mercado
IV
Director - Bureau of Justice Assistance
Nancy E. Gist
IV
Director - Bureau of Justice Statistics
Jan M. Chaikan
IV
Director - Community Relations Service3
Rose Ochi
IV
Director - National Institute of Justice
Julie E. Samuels
IV
Director - Office for Victims of Crime
Kathryn M. Turman
IV
Director - U.S. Marshals Service
John W. Marshall
IV
Inspector General
Glenn A. Fine
IV
Special Counsel - Immigration Related Unfair
Employment Practices4
John D. Trasvina
IV
1 Does not include positions of U.S. Attorney and U.S. Marshal.
2 Ten-year term; incumbent may not serve more than one 10-year term (28 U.S.C. 532 note); current
term expires on Aug. 6, 2003.
3 Four-year term (42 U.S.C. 2000g); current term expires on Mar. 20, 2001.
4 Four-year term (8 U.S.C. 1324b(3)); current term expires on Sept. 16, 2001.

CRS-26
Department of Labor (DOL)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominated
Confirmed
confirm
Kenneth M. Bresnahan
Chief Financial Officer
01/06/99
11/10/99
276
Irasema Garza
Director - Women’s Bureau
06/23/99
11/19/99
117
Gordon S. Heddell
Inspector General
03/23/00
12/15/00
227
T. Michael Kerr
Administrator - Wage and Hour Division
06/23/99
11/19/99
117
Leslie B. Kramerich
Asst. Sec. - Pensions /Welfare Benefits
07/10/00
12/15/00
118
Richard M. McGahey
Asst. Sec. - Pensions/Welfare Benefits
03/02/99
11/10/99
221
Edward B. Montgomery
Asst. Sec. - Policy
05/05/99
11/10/99
157
Edward B. Montgomery
Deputy Secretary
01/24/00
05/24/00
121
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
169
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Labor
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Alexis M. Herman
I
Deputy Secretary
Edward B. Montgomery
II
Asst. Sec. - Administration/Management
Patricia W. Lattimore
IV
Asst. Sec. - Congressional/Intergovernmental Affairs
Geri D. Palast
IV
Asst. Sec. - Employment/Training Administration
Raymond Bramucci
IV
Asst. Sec. - Employment Standards Administration
Bernard E. Anderson
IV
Asst. Sec. - Mine Safety/Health Administration
J. Davitt McAteer
IV
Asst. Sec. - Occupational Safety/Health Administration
Charles N. Jeffress
IV
Asst. Sec. - Office of Public Affairs
Vacant
IV
Asst. Sec. - Pension/Welfare Benefits Administration
Leslie B. Kramerich
IV
Asst. Sec. - Policy
Vacant
IV
Asst. Sec. - Veterans’ Employment/Training
Espiridion A. Borrego
IV
Chief Financial Officer
Kenneth M. Bresnahan
IV
Commissioner - Bureau of Labor Statistics1
Katharine G. Abraham
IV
Inspector General
Gordon S. Heddell
IV
Solicitor
Henry L. Solano
IV
Administrator - Wage/Hour Division
T. Michael Kerr
V3
Director - Women’s Bureau2
Irasema Garza
1 Four-year term (29 U.S.C. 3); current term expires on Oct. 9, 2001.
2 By statute, incumbent must be a woman (29 U.S.C. 12).
3 Ungraded senior level position with a salary maximum equal to Executive Level IV.

CRS-27
Department of State (DOS)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominated
Confirmed
confirm
William B. Bader
Asst. Sec. - Educational/Cultural Affairs
09/13/99
11/10/99
58
Avis T. Bohlen
Asst. Sec. - Arms Control
10/01/99
11/10/99
40
Richard A. Boucher
Asst. Sec. - Public Affairs
06/13/00
12/15/00
145
James B. Cunningham
U.S. Deputy Rep. - United Nations
07/01/99
11/10/99
100
James F. Dobbins
Asst. Sec. - European Affairs
09/26/00
Returned 12/15/00
James F. Dobbins
Asst. Sec. - European Affairs
Recess appointment 12/29/00
William A. Eaton
Asst. Sec. - Administration
03/20/00
Returned 12/15/00
Robert J. Einhorn
Asst. Sec. - Non-proliferation
04/13/99
11/10/99
179
Marc Grossman
Dir. Gen. - Foreign Service
03/20/00
06/09/00
81
Donald S. Hays
U.S. Rep. - UN Management/Reform
10/06/99
11/10/99
35
Richard Holbrooke
U.S. Representative - United Nations
02/10/99
08/05/99
176
John D. Holum
Under Sec. - Arms Control/Intl. Security
03/05/99
Returned 12/15/00
John D. Holum
Under Sec. - Arms Control/Intl. Security
Recess appointment 08/04/00
Alan P. Larson
Under Sec. - Econ./Bus./Agri. Affairs
10/08/99
11/19/99
42
Luis J. Lauredo
U.S. Rep. - Organization of American States
11/10/99
12/15/00
305
Luis J. Lauredo
U.S. Rep. - Organization of American States
Recess appointment 12/22/99
Evelyn S. Lieberman
Under Sec. - Public Diplomacy
06/24/99
07/30/99
36
Donald A. Mahley
Spec. Negotiator - Chemical/Biological
03/07/00
05/24/00
78
Arms Control
Peter F. Romero
Asst. Sec. - Western Hemisphere Affairs
01/06/99
Returned 12/15/00
Peter F. Romero
Asst. Sec. - Western Hemisphere Affairs
Recess Appointment 12/29/00
J. Stapleton Roy
Asst. Sec. - Intelligence and Research
10/01/99
11/10/99
40
David B. Sandalow
Asst. Sec. - Oceans/Intl. Environ/Sci. Affairs
03/05/99
10/22/99
199
Robert A. Seiple, Jr.
Amb. at Large - Intl. Religious Freedom
01/06/99
03/24/99
77
Owen J. Sheaks
Asst. Sec. - Verification and Compliance
05/08/00
09/08/00
83
Michael A. Sheehan
Coordinator - Counterterrorism
06/17/99
08/03/99
47
Edward S. Walker, Jr.
Asst. Sec. - Near Eastern Affairs
10/27/99
11/10/99
14
Earl A. Wayne
Asst Sec. - Economic/Business Affairs
11/03/99
05/24/00
147
Norman A. Wulf
Special Representative of President
08/05/99
11/10/99
65
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
97

CRS-28
Positions and Incumbents in Department of State
Positions1
Incumbent
Level
Department
Secretary
Madeleine K. Albright
I
Deputy Secretary
Strobe Talbott
II
Under Sec. - Economic/Agricultural Affairs
Alan P. Larson
III
Under Sec. - Global Affairs
Frank E. Loy
III
Under Sec. - Arms Control/Security Affairs
John D. Holum
III
Under Sec. - Management
Bonnie R. Cohen
III
Under Sec. - Political Affairs
Thomas R. Pickering
III
Under Sec. - Public Diplomacy
Evelyn S. Lieberman
III
Ambassador-at-Large - International Religious Freedom
Robert A. Sieple, Jr.
III
Ambassador-at-Large - Newly Independent States
Stephen Sestanovich
IV
Ambassador-at-Large - War Crimes
David J. Scheffer
IV
Asst. Sec. - Administration
Patrick F. Kennedy
IV
Asst. Sec. - African Affairs
Susan E. Rice
IV
Asst. Sec. - Arms Control and International Security Affairs
Avis T. Bohlen
IV
Asst. Sec. - Consular Affairs
Mary A. Ryan
IV
Asst. Sec. - Democracy/Human Rights/Labor
Harold H. Koth
IV
Asst. Sec. - Diplomatic Security/Foreign Missions
David G. Carpenter
IV
Asst. Sec. - East Asia/Pacific Affairs
Stanley O. Roth
IV
Asst. Sec. - Economic/Business Affairs
Earl A. Wayne
IV
Asst. Sec. - Educational/Cultural Affairs
William B. Bader
IV
Asst. Sec. - European/Canadian Affairs
James F. Dobbins
IV
Asst. Sec. - Intelligence/Research
J. Stapleton Roy
IV
Asst. Sec. - International Narcotics Matters/Law Enforcement
Randy Beers (A)
IV
Asst. Sec. - International Organization
C. David Welch
IV
Asst. Sec. - Legislative Affairs
Barbara M. Larkin
IV
Asst. Sec. - Near Eastern Affairs
Edward S. Walker, Jr.
IV
Asst. Sec. - Non-proliferation
Robert J. Einhorn
IV
Asst. Sec. - Oceans/International Environmental/Scientific Matters
David B. Sandalow
IV
Asst. Sec. - Political/Military Affairs
Eric Newsom
IV
Asst. Sec. - Population/Refugee/Migration Affairs
Julia Taft
IV
Asst. Sec. - Public Affairs
Richard A. Boucher
IV
Asst. Sec. - South Asian Affairs
Karl F. Inderfurth
IV
Asst. Sec. - Verification and Compliance
Owen J. Sheaks
IV
Asst. Sec. - Western Hemisphere Affairs
Peter Romero
IV
Chief Financial Officer
Bert T. Edwards
IV
Counselor
Wendy Sherman
IV
Director General - Foreign Service2
Marc Grossman
IV
Inspector General
Jacquelyn L. Williams-Bridges
IV
Legal Adviser
David Andrews
IV
Coordinator - Counterterrorism
Michael A. Sheehan
IV
Special Negotiator - Chemical/Biological Arms Control
Donald A. Mahey
IV
Special Representative of President
Norman A. Wulf
IV
International Organizations
U.S. Representative - United Nations
Richard Holbrooke
II
U.S. Representative - Organization of American States
Luis J. Lauredo
FA-13
U.S. Deputy Representative - United Nations
James B. Cunningham
FA-13
U.S. Deputy Representative - UN/Economic/Social Council
Betty King
FA-13
U.S. Deputy Representative - UN/Management/Reform
Donald S. Hays
FA-13
U.S. Deputy Representative - UN/Special Political Affairs
Nancy Soderberg
FA-13
1 Does not include chiefs of mission in overseas posts.
2 By law, incumbent must be a career senior foreign service officer (22 U.S.C. 3928).

CRS-29
Department of Transportation (DOT)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominate
Confirme
Confir
d
d
m
Sue Bailey
Admin. - Natl. Highway Traffic Safety
07/26/00
Returned 12/15/00
Admin.
Sue Bailey
Admin. - Natl. Highway Traffic Safety
Recess appointment 08/03/00
Admin.
Monte R. Belger
Deputy Admin. - Federal Aviation Admin.
11/10/99
Returned 12/15/00
Nuria I. Fernandez
Admin. - Federal Transit Administration
03/22/00
Returned 12/15/00
Michael J. Frazier
Asst. Sec. - Governmental Affairs
08/03/99
11/10/99
67
Albert S. Jacquez
Admin. - St. Lawrence Seaway Dev. Admin.
01/06/99
07/01/99
176
Francisco J. Sanchez
Asst. Sec. - Aviation and International
06/13/00
Returned 12/15/00
Affairs
Francisco J. Sanchez
Asst. Sec. - Aviation and International
Recess appointment 08/03/00
Affairs
Stephen D. Van
Associate Deputy Secretary
08/02/99
11/10/99
68
Beek
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
104
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Transportation
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Rodney E. Slater
I
Deputy Secretary
Mortimer L. Downey
II
Administrator - Federal Aviation Administration
Jane Garvey
II
Administrator - Federal Highway Administration
Kenneth R. Wykle
II
Administrator - Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
Vacant
III
Administrator - Federal Railroad Administration
Jolene M. Molitoris
III
Administrator - Federal Transit Administration
Vacant
III
Administrator - Maritime Administration
Clyde J. Hart, Jr.
III
Administrator - National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Sue Bailey
III
Administrator - Research/Special Programs Administration
Kelly S. Coyner
III
Administrator - St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corp.1
Albert S. Jacquez
IV
Asst. Sec. - Aviation and International Affairs
Francisco J. Sanchez
IV
Asst. Sec. - Budget and Programs
Peter J. Basso, Jr.
IV
Asst. Sec. - Governmental Affairs
Michael J. Frazier
IV
Asst. Sec. - Transportation Policy
Eugene A. Conti, Jr.
IV
Chief Financial Officer
Peter J. Bass, Jr.
IV
Deputy Administrator - Federal Aviation Administration
Vacant
IV
General Counsel
Nancy E. McFadden
IV
Inspector General
Kenneth M. Mead
IV
Associate Deputy Secretary
Stephen D. Van Beek
V
Director - Bureau of Transportation Statistics2
Ashish Sen
V
1 Seven-year term; if position becomes vacant before term expires, appointment may be only to complete
unexpired term (33 U.S.C. 982(a)).
2 Four-year term (49 U.S.C. 111(b)). Current term expires on May 23, 2001.

CRS-30
Department of the Treasury (TREA)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominated
Confirmed
confirm
Gregory A. Baer
Asst. Sec. - Financial Institutions
09/22/99
11/10/99
49
Stuart E. Eizenstat
Deputy Secretary
06/17/99
07/13/99
26
Timothy F. Geithner
Under Sec. - International Affairs
01/06/99
04/21/99
105
Gary Gensler
Under Sec. - Domestic Finance
01/06/99
04/21/99
105
John D. Hawke, Jr.
Comptroller of the Currency
01/06/99
10/07/99
242
Jay Johnson
Director - Mint
09/08/99
05/24/00
203
Lisa G. Ross
Asst. Sec. - Management/Chief Fin. Off.
06/06/00
12/15/00
152
Jeffrey Rush, Jr.
Inspector General
07/01/99
07/22/99
21
Lewis A. Sachs
Asst. Sec. - Financial Markets
05/20/99
07/13/99
54
Michelle A. Smith
Asst. Sec. - Public Affairs
02/23/00
05/24/00
91
Lawrence H. Summers
Secretary
06/07/99
07/01/99
24
Jonathan Talisman
Asst. Sec. - Tax Policy
07/25/00
12/15/00
103
Ruth M. Thomas
Dep. Under Sec. - Legis. Affairs
06/16/00
12/15/00
142
Edwin M. Truman
Deputy Under Sec. - International Affairs
01/06/99
04/21/99
105
David C. Williams
Inspector General - Tax Administration
01/22/99
04/29/99
97
Neal S. Wolin
General Counsel
08/02/99
11/19/99
77
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
100

CRS-31
Positions and Incumbents in Department of the Treasury
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Lawrence H. Summers
I
Deputy Secretary
Stuart E. Eizenstat
II
Commissioner - Internal Revenue Service1
Charles Rossotti
III
Commissioner - U.S. Customs Service
Raymond W. Kelly
III
Comptroller of the Currency2
John D. Hawke, Jr.
III
Director - Office of Thrift Supervision3
Ellen S. Seidman
III
Under Sec. - Domestic Finance
Gary Gensler
III
Under Sec. - Enforcement
James E. Johnson
III
Under Sec. - International Affairs
Timothy F. Geithner
III
Asst. Sec. - Economic Policy
David W. Wilcox
IV
Asst. Sec. - Enforcement
Elizabeth Bresee
IV
Asst. Sec. - Financial Institutions
Gregory A. Baer
IV
Asst. Sec. - Financial Markets
Lewis A. Sachs
IV
Asst. Sec. - Management/Chief Financial Officer
Lisa G. Ross
IV
Asst. Sec. - Public Affairs
Michelle A. Smith
IV
Asst. Sec. - Tax Policy
Jonathan Talisman
IV
Deputy Under Sec./Asst. Sec. - International Affairs
Edwin M. Truman
IV
Deputy Under Sec./Asst. Sec. - Legislative Affairs and Public Liaision
Ruth M. Thomas
IV
General Counsel
Neal S. Wolin
IV
Inspector General
Jeffrey Rush, Jr.
IV
Inspector General for Tax Administration
David C. Williams
IV
Chief Counsel/Asst. General Counsel Internal Revenue Service
Stuart L. Brown
V
Director - U.S. Mint4
Jay Johnson
SL5
Treasurer - United States
Mary E. Withrow
SL5
1 Five-year term; if the position becomes vacant before the term expires, the appointment may be only to
complete the unexpired term (26 U.S.C. 7803(a)(1)). The incumbent may continue in office after his term
expires until a successor is appointed and qualifies (31 U.S.C. 310). Rossotti’s term expires on Nov. 13,
2002.
2 Five-year term; if the incumbent is removed before the term expires, the President must communicate the
reason to the Senate. The incumbent may continue in office after his term expires until a successor is
appointed (12 U.S.C. 2, and 31 U.S.C. 310). Hawke’s term expires on Oct. 7, 2004.
3 Five-year term; if the position becomes vacant before the term expires, the appointment may be only to
complete the unexpired term. The incumbent may continue in office after his term expires until a
successor is appointed (12 U.S.C. 1462a(c), and 31 U.S.C. 310). Seidman’s term expires on Oct. 23, 2001.
4 Five-year term; if the incumbent is removed before the term expires, the President must communicate the
reasons to Congress. The incumbent may continue in office after the term expires until a successor is
appointed (31 U.S.C. 304 and 310). Johnson’s term expires on May 24, 2005.
5 Ungraded senior level position with a base pay maximum at a rate equal to Executive Level IV, but base
plus locality maximum is EX-III.

CRS-32
Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA)
Appointment Action During 106th Congress
Days to
Nominee
Position
Nominated
Confirmed
confirm
Thomas L.
Under Sec. - Health
05/15/00
09/08/00
76
Garthwaite
John T. Hanson
Asst. Sec. - Public/Intergovtal. Affairs
04/12/99
07/01/99
80
Kenneth W. Kizer
Under Sec. - Health
01/06/99
Withdrawn 07/14/99
Edward F. Meagher
Asst. Sec. - Information Technology
09/19/00
Returned 12/15/00
Robert M. Walker
Under Sec. - Memorial Affairs
11/10/99
09/08/00
207
Average number of days to confirm a nomination
121
Positions and Incumbents in Department of Veterans Affairs
Positions
Incumbent
Level
Secretary
Togo D. West, Jr.
I
Deputy Secretary
Hershel W. Gober
II
Under Secretary - Benefits1
Joseph Thompson
III
Under Secretary - Health2
Thomas L. Garthwaite
III
Under Secretary - Memorial Affairs
Robert M. Walker
III
Asst. Sec. - Congressional Affairs
Vacant
IV
Asst. Sec. - Human Resources and Administration
Eugene A. Brickhouse
IV
Asst. Sec./CFO - Management
Edward A. Powell, Jr.
IV
Asst. Sec. - Planning and Analysis
Dennis M. Duffy
IV
Asst. Sec. - Public and Intergovernmental Affairs
John T. Hanson
IV
Chairman - Board of Veterans’ Appeals3
Eligah D. Clark
IV
Chief Financial Officer4
Edward A. Powell, Jr.
IV
General Counsel
Leigh A. Bradley
IV
Inspector General
Richard J. Griffin
IV
1 Five-year term; if the incumbent is removed before the term expires, the President must communicate the
reasons to the Senate. The incumbent may continue in office after a term expires until a successor is
appointed (17 U.S.C. 2, and 31 U.S.C. 309). Current term expires on Nov. 5, 2002.
2 Four-year term; incumbent must be a medical doctor. If the incumbent is removed before the term
expires, the President must communicate the reasons for the removal to Congress (38 U.S.C. 305(a) and
(c)). Current term expires on Sept. 8, 2004.
3 Six-year term; the President may remove the incumbent before a term expires only for misconduct,
inefficiency, neglect of duty, or engaging in the practice of law or for physical or mental disability (38
U.S.C. 4000(b)(1)).
4 The President may designate, as chief financial officer, an officer who is confirmed for another position in the
department.

CRS-33
Table 5. Abbreviations of Departments
DOC
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
DOD
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
DOE
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
DOI
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
DOJ
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
DOL
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
DOS
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DOT
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
DVA
DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS
EDUC
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
HHS
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
HUD
DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT

TREA
DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
USDA
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

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