Department of Justice Grants: History, Authorizations, and Appropriations

Department of Justice Grants: History, Authorizations, and Appropriations

Department of Justice Grants: History, Authorizations, and Appropriations

March 27, 2026 (R48898)
Jump to Main Text of Report

Contents

Administration of DOJ Grants

The Office of Justice Programs

The Office on Violence Against Women

Community Oriented Policing Services Office

A Brief History of Laws Authorizing DOJ Grant Programs

Authorized Funding and Appropriations for DOJ Grants

Considerations for Congress

Reauthorizing Expired Authorizations of Appropriations

Unfunded Grant Programs

Overlapping Grant Programs

Authorization and Appropriations Alignment

Figures

Figure 1. Number of Programs with an Unexpired Authorization of Appropriations and Amount of Appropriations Authorized, FY2017-FY2026

Figure 2. Total Number and Range of Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs, FY2017-FY2026

Figure 3. First Fiscal Year DOJ Grant Programs' Authorization of Appropriations

Figure 4. Last Fiscal Year of Authorized Appropriations for Programs with Lapsed Authorizations of Appropriations

Figure 5. Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs With and Without a Statutory Authorization, FY2017-FY2026

Figure 6. Number of Funded DOJ Grant Programs with a Statutory Authorization and Average and Median Appropriation for These Programs, FY2017-FY2026

Figure 7. Number of Funded DOJ Grant Programs Without Statutory Authorizations and Average and Median Appropriation for These Programs, FY2017-FY2026

Figure 8. Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs With and Without an Current Statutory Authorization of Appropriations, FY2017-FY2026

Figure 9. Total Authorizations of Appropriations and Appropriations for Grants, FY2017-FY2026

Figure 10. Total Number of DOJ Grant Programs with a Current Authorization of Appropriations and the Number Funded, FY2017-FY2026

Tables

Table A-1. Public Laws that Authorized or Reauthorized DOJ Grant Programs

Table B-1. Appropriated and Authorized Amounts for DOJ Grant Programs, FY2017-FY2026

Table C-1. Authorized Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs, by Program, FY2027-FY2031

Table D-1. Public Laws that Authorized Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs and the Fiscal Years of Authorized Appropriations

Appendixes

Appendix A. Laws That Authorize or Reauthorize DOJ Grant Programs

Appendix B. Appropriated and Authorized Amounts for DOJ Grant Programs

Appendix C. Future Authorized Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs

Appendix D. Authorization History for DOJ Grant Programs

Summary

Over the past several fiscal years, the annual Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) Appropriations Act has provided around $4 billion for approximately 100 U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) grant programs each fiscal year. DOJ grant programs are administered by three agencies. The Office of Justice Programs administers the widest portfolio of grant programs, including those that are intended to aid law enforcement operations, provide substance abuse treatment for people involved in the criminal justice system, reduce backlogs of DNA evidence, improve juvenile justice systems, manage sex offenders, and help prisoners transition back into society after a period of incarceration. The Office on Violence Against Women administers grant programs authorized by the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (VAWA, Title IV of P.L. 103-322, as amended). The Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Office administers the COPS grant program along with other law enforcement-related funding provided through the COPS account. All of these programs are funded through various accounts in the annual CJS appropriations act.

DOJ has awarded grants to help state and local governments improve their criminal justice systems and address crime issues in their jurisdictions for over 55 years. DOJ was initially given the authority to make grants to state and local governments when the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (P.L. 90-351, as amended) was signed into law. Six years later, the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (JJDPA, P.L. 93-415, as amended) expanded the scope of grant authorities available to DOJ. The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Street Act of 1968 and the JJDPA contain many of DOJ's current grant authorities.

The scope of DOJ grant programs started to expand in the 1990s and 2000s. Whereas the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 and JJDPA authorized a few grant programs that were broader in scope, law authorizing new DOJ grant programs tended to focus on addressing specific issues or crimes. For example, the Violent Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1994 (P.L. 103-322) authorized the COPS program to support the hiring of 100,000 new law enforcement officers. The act contained VAWA, which authorized several new programs to combat violence against women. The act also authorized the Residential Substance Abuse Treatment (RSAT) program, the State Criminal Alien Assistance Program (SCAAP), and the Violent Offender Incarceration and Truth-in-Sentencing Incentive Grants.

CRS has identified 151 DOJ grant programs with a statutory authorization in the U.S. Code. Many of these programs (113 of 151) were first authorized from FY1990 to FY2009. For approximately two-thirds of these programs (95 of 151), the authorization of appropriations provisions in their statutory authorizations have expired. From FY2016 to FY2025, total appropriations authorized for DOJ grant programs ranged from $1.175 billion to $2.332 billion in any given year. During this period, actual appropriations for DOJ grant programs were not provided in the full amount explicitly authorized for them (excluding "such sums" authorizations of appropriations). Appropriations for DOJ grant programs for FY2024 and FY2025 were closer to the total amount authorized than in previous fiscal years, but this is partially due to authorizations of appropriations for some programs expiring. Total appropriations for DOJ grant programs had an upward trend from FY2016 to FY2026. During this period, an increasing share of funding for DOJ grant programs went to programs that received an appropriation but did not have a statutory authorization.

The current state of authorizations and appropriations for DOJ grant programs might raise several issues for policymakers. First, policymakers might examine these programs to determine if they continue to serve a need or address crime issues facing the nation. If so, is there a need to reshape the current authorization for a program and what is the needed level of funding to effectively implement it? Policymakers may examine whether there is a need to repeal, modify, or consolidate grant programs that might duplicate the purposes of other authorized grant programs. Congress might also consider legislation to authorize some of the DOJ grant programs that have been consistently funded over the years but do not have authorizing legislation that dictates what funds can be used for under the program and which entities are eligible to receive funding.

The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) annually administers billions of dollars in grant funding. The annual Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) appropriations act includes appropriations for numerous grant programs that support a variety of criminal justice-related initiatives, such as helping state and local governments hire law enforcement officers, combatting substance abuse, addressing violence against women, supporting prisoner reentry programs, reducing backlogs of DNA evidence, and improving the completeness of criminal history records. State and local governments operate much of the criminal justice system in the United States. Local governments operate police departments and sheriff's offices. Prosecutions of criminal cases are conducted in state courts by attorneys working for offices that represent the state and typically operate at the county level.¹ Generally speaking, states' correctional agencies imprison convicted offenders who have been sentenced for felonies, while county jails hold convicted offenders sentenced for non-felony offenses, and may hold defendants during the pendency of their trial. Authorizing grant programs and providing funding for them is one option for federal policymakers to support state and local criminal justice system agencies or try to influence the way they operate.

In general, legislation to establish or continue federal programs, such as grant programs, is presumed to be enacted prior to legislation to provide funding for these purposes. In order for this two-step process to work, congressional rules distinguish between authorizing legislation that addresses questions of policy (usually, provisions of law codified in the U.S. Code, which are referred to in this report as "statutory authorizations"), and appropriations legislation that addresses questions of funding. Because this distinction is based on House and Senate rules, rather than a constitutional or general statutory requirement, Congress may choose nevertheless to appropriate funds even when some or all of the provisions in an authorizing statute have expired. In such cases, according to the Government Accountability Office (GAO), "the enacted appropriation, in effect, carries its own authorization and is available to the agency for obligation and expenditure."²

Some of the DOJ grant programs that are funded through the CJS appropriations act have a separate statutory authorization. These statutory authorizations specify what grant funds can be used for, which entities are eligible to receive grants, and requirements for submitting an application for funding. They may also include provisions explicitly authorizing appropriations (for a specific dollar amount or "such sums as are necessary") in a particular fiscal year. Explicit authorizations of appropriations do not provide funding for the programs. An authorization of appropriations also does not establish a requirement that funds be provided in a subsequent appropriation, but it does serve as a recommended level. Explicit authorizations of appropriations for DOJ programs, if present, are typically provided for a specified number of fiscal years, after which time the authority expires if not statutorily extended. However, a program does not cease to exist if its authorization of appropriations expires; as explained above, funds can still be provided for these programs through appropriations acts.³ In addition, certain other DOJ grant programs do not have a separate statutory authorization establishing program parameters, but have nonetheless received appropriations provided through the annual CJS appropriations act. These programs are considered to be authorized through the provisions in the appropriations acts that fund them because those provisions provide authority for DOJ to award grants for the purpose specified in an appropriations act.

This report discusses the roles of the DOJ agencies that administer grant programs, provides a brief history of salient laws that have shaped the current slate of DOJ grant programs, and provides an analysis of changes in authorized funding and appropriations for the programs. The report concludes with discussion of considerations for policymakers related to the authorizations and funding for DOJ grants.

A Note About Methodology

The compilation of information on grant programs provided in this report is the result of CRS efforts to create a comprehensive listing of DOJ's grant programs with their corresponding authorization laws. To identify qualifying grant programs, CRS searched the titles and chapters of the U.S. Code listed below because they are the most likely to contain authorizations for DOJ grant programs:

Title 34 (Crime Control and Law Enforcement);

Title 22, Chapter 78 (Trafficking Victims Protection);

Title 21, Chapter 13 (Drug Abuse Prevention and Control);

Title 28, Chapters 31 (The Attorney General), 33 (Federal Bureau of Investigation), 35 (United States Attorneys), 37 (United States Marshals Service), 39 (United States Trustees), 40 (Independent Counsel), and 40A (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives); and

Title 25, Chapters 15 (Constitutional Rights of Indians) and 38A (Indian Tribal Justice Technical and Legal Assistance).

This report focuses on authorizations of appropriations and actual funding (i.e., appropriated) amounts for DOJ grant programs. It does not provide information on DOJ grant programs funded through permanently authorized funds, such as the Crime Victims Fund, or on authorized appropriations for DOJ activities such as conducting research,⁴ providing direct training or technical assistance,⁵ operating task forces,⁶ establishing databases,⁷ running media campaigns,⁸ or hiring employees.⁹ The report focuses on DOJ grant programs with a statutory authorization in the U.S. Code or that have recently received funding through annual appropriations acts. DOJ grant programs that were once authorized but have since had their authorizations repealed are not included in the analysis.

In this report, a DOJ grant program described as having a statutory authorization means that a law gives authority to DOJ to award grants to entities identified in the law for specific purposes. Even though funding for DOJ grant programs provided through annual appropriations acts is considered to carry its own authorization for DOJ to carry out those programs, for the purposes of the report a grant program is not considered to have a statutory authorization unless a prior law other than an appropriations act established the program.¹⁰ CRS conducted its own analysis to correspond authorization laws with individual appropriations amounts. The way that CRS categorized certain DOJ programs may differ from other sources (e.g., Congressional Budget Office, Expired and Expiring Authorizations of Appropriations: FY2025 Final Report, https://www.cbo.gov/publication/61543).

Appropriations for DOJ grant programs were taken from the text of CJS appropriations acts for each of the past 10 fiscal years, with the exception of FY2025. Appropriations for DOJ grant programs for FY2025 were based on a CRS analysis of the text of the year-long continuing resolution (P.L. 119-4) and information from DOJ budget documents.¹¹ Appropriations for DOJ grant programs also include supplemental appropriations for any of the past 10 fiscal years. Names for DOJ grant programs were taken from explanatory statements to accompany the annual CJS appropriations act.

Statutory authorizations for appropriations for DOJ grant programs were identified using the text of the annual CJS appropriations act.¹² Total authorization of appropriations exclude any authorizations of "such sums as necessary." The total number of statutorily authorized grant programs includes any grant program with a statutory authorization, even if there is not an explicit authorization of appropriations or if authorized appropriations were "such sums as necessary." Total appropriations for programs with statutory authorizations include appropriations provided for any program with a statutory authorization, even if there was not an explicit authorization of appropriations included in the statutory authorization.

Administration of DOJ Grants

The Office of Justice Programs (OJP), the Office on Violence Against Women (OVW), and the Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Office are the three agencies that administer DOJ's grant programs. This section of the report discusses these agencies' responsibilities regarding the administration of the programs.

The Office of Justice Programs

OJP is the largest of DOJ's three grant administering agencies.¹³ OJP provides "federal leadership, funding, training and technical assistance, research and statistics, and other critical resources to advance work that strengthens community safety, promotes civil rights, increases access to justice, supports crime victims and individuals impacted by the justice system, and builds trust between law enforcement and communities."¹⁴ OJP is comprised of six offices and bureaus that are responsible for administering certain portfolios of grant programs.

The Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) administers the broadest range of grant programs, including those that focus on "law enforcement, courts, corrections, treatment, reentry, justice information sharing, and community-based partners to address chronic and emerging criminal justice challenges nationwide."¹⁵

The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) administers programs authorized under the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (JJDPA, P.L. 93-415, as amended) and other grant programs that focus on reducing juvenile delinquency or aiding juveniles involved in the justice system.

The Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) administers programs funded through the Crime Victims Fund (CVF), which provides funding for state victim compensation and assistance programs as well as other programs focused on the needs of crime victims.¹⁶

The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) is the research and evaluation arm of DOJ. NIJ funds research, development, and technology assistance. It also assesses programs, policies, and technologies.

The Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking (SMART) administers grant programs related to the registration, notification, and management of sex offenders. It also provides jurisdictions with guidance regarding the implementation of the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SORNA, Title I of P.L. 109-248).

The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) is DOJ's primary statistical agency, but it also administers grant programs related to improving data collection and the quality and utility of criminal history information.

The Office on Violence Against Women

OVW administers grant programs authorized under the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (VAWA, P.L. 103-322, as amended). Grant programs administered by OVW are "designed to develop the nation's capacity to reduce domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking by strengthening services to victims and holding offenders accountable."¹⁷

Community Oriented Policing Services Office

The COPS Office administers funds provided for the COPS program, a portion of the annual funding provided for the Matching Grant Program for School Security, and other law enforcement-related grants where appropriations are provided under the COPS account in the annual CJS appropriations act. The mission of the COPS Office is to advance community policing in jurisdictions across the United States.¹⁸ The COPS program awards grants to state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies so they can hire and train law enforcement officers in community policing, purchase and deploy new crime-fighting technologies, and develop and test new and innovative policing strategies.¹⁹ Unlike OJP and OVW, the COPS Office is not authorized in statute; DOJ created the COPS Office administratively.²⁰ However, many of the grant program administered by the COPS Office have a statutory authorization, as discussed below.

A Brief History of Laws Authorizing DOJ Grant Programs

This section provides a brief overview of certain laws that authorized DOJ grant programs. This is not a comprehensive overview; it is not meant to provide a discussion of every law that has authorized a DOJ grant program or reauthorized appropriations. Rather, it is meant to provide a sense of notable laws regarding DOJ grants—such as laws that established significant DOJ grant programs, authorized several DOJ grant programs, or established offices that administer DOJ grant programs. A more complete accounting of laws that have authorized or reauthorized DOJ grant programs can be found in Appendix A.

The passage of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (Omnibus Crime Control Act, P.L. 90-351) marked the start of the federal government providing grant funding to state and local governments to address crime and improve the criminal justice system. Laws enacted in the 1960s and 1970s focused on authorizing a few programs that provided funding, commonly by formula, to states to address a variety of state criminal and juvenile justice system issues. Congress stated that the purpose of passing the Omnibus Crime Control Act was to address the threats that high incidences of crime (at the time) posed to the "peace, security, and general welfare of the Nation and its citizens," and that law enforcement efforts to address crime needed to be "better coordinated, intensified, and made more effective at all levels of government."²¹ While Congress noted that "crime is essentially a local problem that must be dealt with by State and local governments if it is to be controlled effectively," there was a need to "assist State and local governments in strengthening and improving law enforcement at every level by national assistance."²²

The Omnibus Crime Control Act established the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA, a predecessor to OJP) to administer the grant programs authorized by the legislation. The act authorized planning grants to "encourage States and units of general local government to prepare and adopt comprehensive law enforcement plans based on their evaluation of State and local problems of law enforcement."²³ The act also authorized grants for law enforcement purposes that could be used to help recruit and train law enforcement personnel, strengthen law enforcement and reduce crime, improve responses to riots and civil disorders, combat organized crime, and improve police-community relations. The Omnibus Crime Control Act, as amended, contains the authorizations for many of the current DOJ grant programs.

The JJDPA was signed into law six years after the enactment of the Omnibus Crime Control Act. With the enactment of the JJDPA, the federal government started assisting states with further developing their juvenile justice systems to aid in reducing juvenile delinquency. Congress stated that its purpose in passing the JJDPA was to

provide the necessary resources, leadership, and coordination (1) to develop and implement effective methods of preventing and reducing juvenile delinquency; (2) to develop and conduct effective programs to prevent delinquency, to divert juveniles from the traditional juvenile justice system, and to provide critically needed alternative to institutionalization; (3) to improve the quality of juvenile justice in the United States; and (4) to increase the capacity of State and local governments and public and private agencies to conduct effective juvenile justice and delinquency prevention and rehabilitation programs and to provide research, evaluation, and training services in the field of juvenile delinquency prevention.²⁴

The JJDPA established OJJDP in the LEAA to administer the programs authorized by the act. The JJDPA authorized a formula grant program to provide grants to state and local governments to assist them in "planning, establishing, operating, coordinating, and evaluating projects directly or through contracts with public and private agencies for the development of more effective education, training, research, prevention, diversion, treatment, and rehabilitation programs in the area of juvenile delinquency and programs to improve the juvenile justice system."²⁵

The Justice System Improvements Act of 1979 (P.L. 96-157) established BJS and NIJ as agencies within DOJ. Many of NIJ's and BJS's current authorities were established by this act. It also changed the structure of the grant programs administered by LEAA. The act repealed the grant programs authorized by the Omnibus Crime Control Act and replaced them with a formula grant program. Grants could be used for a variety of purposes to improve the functioning of the criminal justice system, including the following:

enhancing communities' capacity to address crime and delinquency,

improving and strengthening law enforcement agencies,

supporting joint police-community projects to prevent and control crime,

developing alternatives to prosecution and pretrial detention,

improving indigent defense programs, and

reducing violence in prisons and jails.

In addition to the formula grant program, the act authorized a National Priority Grant program and a discretionary grant program. Grants under both programs were to be awarded by LEAA for the purposes of improving the operation of the criminal justice system.

Two pieces of legislation were signed into law in the 1980s that continued to modify and expand the scope of federal grant assistance provided to state and local governments to address crime and develop their criminal justice systems. The Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984 (P.L. 98-473) established OJP as a replacement for LEAA. Many of OJP's responsibilities were similar to those of LEAA, but OJP was given the responsibility of coordinating the activities of NIJ, BJS, and OJJDP, as well as BJA (which was also established by this act). Under the act, BJA was responsible for administering a formula grant program that provided funds to states for many of the same purposes for which grants could be used under the formula grant program established by the Justice System Improvements Act of 1979. The act also repealed the National Priority Grant program. The discretionary grant program was retained, though the act modified the purposes for which discretionary grants could be used. The act authorized the Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance program, which allows states to apply for federal law enforcement assistance if a law enforcement emergency exists in the state. The act also amended the JJDPA to authorize grants to support programs to help locate missing children.

The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-690) established the Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance programs at BJA. These programs had both a formula and discretionary grant component. They replaced the formula and discretionary grant programs authorized by the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984. The Anti-Drug Abuse Act also marked a change in the purpose for which grants were provided to state and local governments. Rather than providing funding solely for the purpose of improving the functioning of the criminal justice system, funds could also be used specifically to address drug-related crime. The act noted that:

It is the purpose of [the Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance programs] to assist States and units of local government in carrying out specific programs which offer a high probability of improving the functioning of the criminal justice system, with special emphasis on a nationwide and multilevel drug control strategy by developing programs and projects to assist multijurisdictional and multi-State organizations in the drug control problem and to support national drug control priorities.²⁶

Under the Byrne Formula Grant program, states could use grants for one or more of 20 enumerated purposes, several of which were similar to those of the formula grant programs established by the Justice Systems Improvements Act of 1979 and the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984. However, several of the additional purposes for which formula grants could be used focused on combatting drug-related crime.

The 1990s marked the beginning of a period spanning the next several decades in which legislation was enacted that either expanded the scope of existing programs or created grant programs to address specific issues in the criminal justice system. For instance, the Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs Act (P.L. 102-586) added several new parts to Title II of the JJDPA. These new parts authorized grant programs to prevent juveniles from joining criminal gangs, provide treatment to juvenile offenders who are the victims of child abuse or neglect, start mentoring programs for at-risk youth, and establish military-style boot camps for juvenile offenders. The act also authorized the Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention program, which provides funding for delinquency prevention programs for juveniles who have come into contact with, or are at risk of contact with, the juvenile justice system.

The Violent Crime Control and Safe Street Act of 1994 (P.L. 103-322) was an omnibus crime control measure that, among other things, authorized numerous DOJ grant programs. The act authorized the COPS program in support of the Clinton Administration's goal to fund 100,000 new law enforcement officer positions. It also contained VAWA (Title IV), which authorized several notable grant programs, including the Service‒Training‒Officers‒Prosecutors (STOP) Formula Grant program, which is the primary program for providing assistance to states to support law enforcement and prosecution strategies to combat violent crimes against women and to develop and strengthen services for victims of domestic violence. In addition to the COPS program and VAWA, the Violent Crime Control and Safe Streets Act authorized several other grant programs, including the Residential Substance Abuse Treatment (RSAT) program, the State Criminal Alien Assistance Program (SCAAP), and the Violent Offender Incarceration and Truth-in-Sentencing Incentive Grants.

The 21st Century Department of Justice Appropriations Authorization Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-273) made several amendments to the JJDPA. It repealed the authorization for several grant programs created by the Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs Act, and amended the JJDPA to consolidate many of those grant programs' purpose areas into a newly authorized Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Block Grant program. It also authorized grants for research to prevent and reduce juvenile delinquency. The act codified the Juvenile Accountability Block Grant (JABG) program, which authorized DOJ to make grants to states and units of local government that strengthen their juvenile justice systems, with a focus on holding juveniles accountable for their actions.²⁷

In addition to the amendments made to the JJDPA, the 21st Century Department of Justice Appropriations Authorization Act authorized grants to support drug court programs, which are designed to help reduce recidivism and substance abuse among offenders with drug or alcohol dependency problems and increase an offender's likelihood of successful rehabilitation through early, continuous, and intense judicially supervised treatment, mandatory periodic drug testing, community supervision, and appropriate sanctions and other rehabilitation services.

The act also established the Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) to administer programs authorized by VAWA.

The Justice for All Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-405) authorized many DNA-related grant programs at DOJ. The act established the Debbie Smith DNA Backlog Grant Program by amending a program that was previously authorized by the DNA Backlog Elimination Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-546). The Debbie Smith program provides grants to increase the capacity of state and local governments to conduct DNA analyses of samples collected from crime scenes and prepare samples from individuals either arrested or convicted for criminal offenses for inclusion in the national DNA database. Grants under the program can also be used to increase the capacity of state and local governments to process evidence collected through sexual assault test kits. The Justice for All Act also authorized grants to states to help defray the costs of post-conviction DNA testing programs, establish qualified regional sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) training programs, use DNA technology to identify missing persons and unidentified human remains, and improve representation of defendants in and prosecution of state capital cases.

The Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-162) reauthorized many VAWA programs and amended VAWA to authorize additional grant programs, including programs to prevent domestic and dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking against individuals with disabilities; address domestic and dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking against women age 50 and older; and investigate and prosecute domestic and dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking on college and university campuses. In addition to reauthorizing and expanding VAWA grant programs, the act reauthorized several other DOJ grant programs, such as the Matching Grant Program for Armor Vests, SCAAP, the Matching Grant Program for School Security, and the Adult Treatment Courts program. The act reauthorized appropriations for the COPS program, and also changed its structure into a single grant program under which funds could be awarded for a variety of policing-related purposes. The act also authorized the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) program, which combined elements of the Byrne Formula Grant and the Local Law Enforcement Block Grant (LLEBG) programs.²⁸ JAG provides funding to state, local, and tribal governments for various purposes such as law enforcement programs, prosecution and court programs, prevention and education programs, corrections and community corrections programs, and drug treatment and enforcement programs.

The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 (P.L. 109-248) authorized several grant programs under which grants could be awarded to state and local governments to prevent sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children. The act authorized grants to help offset the costs of sex offender registration and community notification, operate civil commitment programs for sexually dangerous persons, supervise sex offenders with electronic monitoring devices, enforce sex offender registration requirements, provide treatment to juvenile sex offenders, and assist in verifying the residence of all or some registered sex offenders.

The Second Chance Act of 2007 (P.L. 110-199) reauthorized appropriations and expanded the scope of a grant program for prisoner reentry demonstration projects that was first authorized by the 21st Century Department of Justice Appropriations Authorization Act. The act also authorized grants for family-based substance abuse treatment programs as alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent drug offenders who are parents of minor children and prison-based family treatment programs for incarcerated parents of minor children. The act authorized grants to improve drug treatment programs in prisons and reduce alcohol and substance use among people under correctional supervision (e.g., people on probation and parole). It authorized grants to help prisons provide career training to inmates and to improve their academic and vocational education programs. The act also authorized grants for mentoring and transitional assistance programs for prisoners prior to their release.

Legislation was signed into law in 2013 and 2022 that reauthorized and further amended VAWA. The Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013 (P.L. 113-4) reauthorized appropriations for many of the programs that were authorized by VAWA in 1994 or the VAWA reauthorization in 2005. This act also consolidated several grant programs that were authorized by the 1994 and 2005 VAWA acts into three new grant programs: (1) grants to improve responses to families with histories of domestic violence or sexual assault and abuse; (2) grants to enhance the safety of children who are victims of, or exposed to, domestic or sexual violence in order to prevent future violence that might be committed by these victims; and (3) grants to prevent domestic violence by intervening with children exposed to violence and reaching out to men as leaders and influencers of social norms.

In addition to reauthorizing appropriations for many VAWA programs, the Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization Act of 2022 (Division W of P.L. 117-103) established several new grant programs. The act authorized grants to

implement evidence-based or promising investigative policies and practices that incorporate trauma-informed, victim-centered techniques;

support restorative practices to prevent or address domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking;

aid state and tribal governments with implementing pilot programs that serve protective orders through electronic communications; and

support states that have laws that make it a criminal offense for any person acting under color of law to knowingly engage in a sex act with any individual who is in law enforcement custody.

The act also authorized DOJ to increase the amount awarded to states under the STOP grants that have state laws in effect that meets certain standards for child custody hearings and requires judges, magistrates, and other relevant court personnel involved in child custody cases to complete not less than 20 hours of initial training and not less than 15 hours of continuing education every five years.

Authorized Funding and Appropriations for DOJ Grants

CRS identified 151 DOJ grant programs with statutory authorizations currently codified in the U.S. Code. This section of the report provides an analysis of changes in the authorizations of appropriations for these programs. It also examines trends in funding for DOJ grants and how they relate to those authorizations of appropriations. Appendix B provides information on funding provided through appropriations and their corresponding authorization of appropriations amounts for DOJ grant programs for the past 10 fiscal years (FY2017-FY2026). Appendix C provides information on authorizations of appropriations for DOJ grant programs from FY2027 to FY2031. Appendix D provides an overview of public laws that have authorized appropriations for DOJ grant programs.

A Note About the Type of Authorizations Discussed in This Section

This section of the report discusses authorizations and appropriations for DOJ grant programs using different types of groupings for these programs. There are grant programs that have been statutorily authorized (i.e., with an authorization codified in the U.S. Code) separately from the funding that is provided for those programs in annual appropriations acts. These statutory authorizations might establish a program's parameters without explicitly authorizing appropriations for the program, or explicitly authorize appropriations (indefinitely or for a specified number of fiscal years). Programs with any of these types of statutory authorizations (implicit or explicit) are referred to in this section as "authorized" grant programs. Occasionally, this section further distinguishes between programs with unexpired authorizations of appropriations and those authorizations of appropriations that have expired and not been statutorily renewed. An additional type of grant program is also discussed in this section—those that do not have a separate statutory authorization establishing program parameters but have nonetheless received appropriations provided through the annual CJS appropriations act. Although these programs are technically authorized through the provisions in the appropriations acts that fund them, they are classified in this section as being "without" an authorization. (Note that although some observers refer to appropriations for programs that have expired authorizations of appropriations or lack a statutory authorization altogether as "unauthorized appropriations," House and Senate rules determine this for individual appropriations on a case-by-case basis using additional parameters, some of which are chamber-specific. Thus, the analysis in this section should not be characterized as identifying a total number of "unauthorized" DOJ grant programs, or the amount of appropriations for such programs.)

Figure 1 shows the number of DOJ grant programs with an unexpired statutory authorization of appropriations and the total of amounts authorized to be appropriated for those programs each year from FY2017 to FY2026. The total number of programs with an authorization of appropriations each year reflects programs where there was an active authorization of appropriations for that fiscal year, including those with an authorization or appropriations of "such sums as necessary." It also includes programs where DOJ is authorized to make grants, but the act that established the program did not explicitly authorize appropriations.²⁹ The total amount of authorized appropriations does not include any amounts for programs where the authorization of appropriations for the program was "such sums as necessary."

The number of programs with unexpired statutory authorizations of appropriations and the amount of appropriations authorized by those statutory provisions increased from FY2016 to FY2018 because several grant programs—such as grants related to school safety, criminal history information systems, improving the criminal justice system's response to people with mental illness, and forensic evidence—were reauthorized during this period. The number of grant programs with active authorizations of appropriations decreased between FY2018 and FY2022 due to the expiration of authorizations of appropriations for VAWA grant programs that were authorized or reauthorized by Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013, before being reauthorized by the Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization Act of 2022. The 2022 VAWA reauthorization contributes to the increase in authorizations of appropriations and programs observed in FY2023. Even though the number of programs with unexpired authorizations of appropriations decreased in FY2019 and held steady in FY2020 and FY2021, the level of appropriations authorized during that time did not experience a concomitant decrease. The total amount of appropriations authorized from FY2019 to FY2021 was about what it was for FY2018. During this period, authorized appropriations for the Comprehensive Opioid Abuse program increased from $103 million in FY2018 to $330 million in FY2019 and grant programs under the JJDPA and the Second Chance Act were reauthorized in FY2019. In addition, there was a new $50 million authorization of appropriations for Project Safe Neighborhoods that started in FY2019. These authorizations of appropriations offset the expiration of the authorizations of appropriations for several VAWA programs, which were relatively small. The decrease in both the number of DOJ grant programs with unexpired authorizations of appropriations and the total amount of funding for those programs after FY2023 is attributable to the expiration of the authorizations of appropriations for grants authorized under the Second Chance Act, the Drug Courts program, and the Comprehensive Opioid Abuse program, as well as grants authorized under the JJDPA.

Figure 1. Number of Programs with an Unexpired Authorization of Appropriations and Amount of Appropriations Authorized, FY2017-FY2026

Source: CRS review of statutory authorizations for DOJ grant programs in U.S. Code Title 34; Title 22, Chapter 78; Title 21, Chapter 13; Title 28, Chapters 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, and 40A; and Title 25, Chapters 15 and 38A.

Notes: Amounts are in nominal dollars. Grant programs where the statutory authorization of appropriations is "such sums as necessary" are not included in the total amount of authorized appropriations. The total number of programs includes any grant program with a statutory authorization, even if the statutory authorization did not include an explicit authorization of appropriations.

Figure 2 provides data on the total number of DOJ grant programs funded by fiscal year from FY2017 to FY2026, along with data on the range of appropriations for these programs. The total number of DOJ grant programs that received an appropriation increased from FY2017 to FY2023 before leveling off in FY2024 and decreasing in FY2025 and FY2026. Approximately two-thirds of DOJ grant programs from FY2017 to FY2026 received an appropriation of less than $25 million. From FY2017 to FY2023, there was an increase in the number of grant programs funded across each range of appropriations, but there was a notable increase in appropriations for grant programs that received appropriations of $50 million or more. Some of the increase in the number of grant programs receiving appropriations at the higher ranges is attributable to decisions appropriators made to increase funding for some grant programs. For example, appropriations for the Sexual Assault Victims Services program under VAWA increased from $35 million in FY2017 to $79 million in FY2023. In other cases, supplemental appropriations from the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (BSCA; P.L. 117-159) increased funding for some DOJ grant programs starting with FY2022. Also, two grant programs that provide funding for community funding projects, both of which have been funded at over $100 million, were re-established starting in FY2022.

Figure 2. Total Number and Range of Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs, FY2017-FY2026

Source: Text of the FY2017 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-31), FY2018 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-141), FY2019 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-6), FY2020 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-93), FY2021 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-260), FY2022 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-103), FY2023 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-328), FY2024 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 118-42), year-long CR (P.L. 119-4) and DOJ's FY2026 budget summary, FY2026 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 119-74), CARES Act (P.L. 116-136), and Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (P.L. 117-159).

Figure 3 presents data on the fiscal year in which the DOJ grant programs discussed in this report were first authorized. The data are shown by decade from FY1970 to FY2019 and for the seven fiscal years starting with FY2020. The vast majority of these DOJ grant programs were first authorized in the 1990s or 2000s. Nearly half (15 of 34) of the grant programs first authorized in the 1990s had authorizations of appropriations that started in FY1996. All of these programs were authorized by the Violent Crime Control and Safe Street Act of 1994. Twenty-three of the 79 grant programs first authorized in the 2000s had authorization of appropriations that started in FY2007 and another 13 had authorizations of appropriations that started in FY2009. Most of the programs first authorized in FY2007 were established by the Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 and the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006. Several laws authorized appropriations for grant programs beginning in FY2009, with the Second Chance Act of 2007 authorizing half of these programs.

Figure 3. First Fiscal Year DOJ Grant Programs' Authorization of Appropriations

Source: CRS review of statutory authorizations for DOJ grant programs in U.S. Code Title 34; Title 22, Chapter 78; Title 21, Chapter 13; Title 28, Chapters 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, and 40A; and Title 25, Chapters 15 and 38A.

For DOJ grant programs with expired authorizations of appropriations, Figure 4 shows the last fiscal years for which those authorizations of appropriations were in effect. Approximately two-thirds (95 of 151) of DOJ grant programs do not have a current statutory authorization of appropriations; of these, two-thirds (64 of 97) expired more than 10 fiscal years ago. One-third (50 of 151) of DOJ grant programs with an authorization in the U.S. Code were not reauthorized after their initial authorized appropriations expired. There were three fiscal years with notable spikes in expiring authorizations of appropriations: FY2000, FY2009, and FY2023. Nearly all of the authorizations of appropriations expiring in FY2000 were for programs authorized by the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Most of the programs with authorizations of appropriations that expired at the end of FY2009 were first authorized by the Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 and the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006. Programs for which authorizations of appropriations expired at the end of FY2023 include grants authorized by the Second Chance Act, grants authorized under the JJDPA, and substance abuse-related programs such as the Adult Treatment Courts and Comprehensive Opioid Abuse programs.

Figure 4. Last Fiscal Year of Authorized Appropriations for Programs with Lapsed Authorizations of Appropriations

Source: CRS review of statutory authorizations for DOJ grant programs in U.S. Code Title 34; Title 22, Chapter 78; Title 21, Chapter 13; Title 28, Chapters 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, and 40A; and Title 25, Chapters 15 and 38A.

Figure 5 shows the total amount appropriated for DOJ grant programs from FY2017 to FY2026 for programs where there is a statutory authorization in the U.S. Code (even if the statutory authorization of appropriations expired before or during this period) and for those without a statutory authorization. A majority of annual appropriations for DOJ grant programs from FY2017 to FY2026 were for programs that have a statutory authorization. Funding for programs with a statutory authorization generally increased from FY2017 to FY2023 before leveling off thereafter. The noticeable increase in funding for programs without a statutory authorization in FY2020 is mostly due to the $850 million appropriated during the COVID-19 pandemic for DOJ's Coronavirus Emergency Supplemental Funding program under the CARES Act (P.L. 116-136). Increased funding for programs without a statutory authorization from FY2022 to FY2024 and FY2026 is attributable, in part, to the reestablishment via annual appropriations of two programs that provide funding for community funding projects and increasing funding for those programs during these years. Funding for these two programs increased from $296 million in FY2022 to $939 million in FY2026. The Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 (FY2025 CR, P.L. 119-4) did not provide funding for community project funding, which are directed to specified projects that are not typically statutorily authorized on an individual basis. This contributed to the decrease in appropriations for programs without a statutory authorization in FY2025. (Community project funding through appropriations resumed in FY2026.) Additionally, starting with FY2022, the CJS appropriations act included $50 million for a community violence intervention and prevention grant program, and another $50 million per fiscal year for this program was provided through the BSCA, which also contributed to some of the increase in appropriations for programs without a statutory authorization.

Figure 5. Total Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs With and Without a Statutory Authorization, FY2017-FY2026

Source: Text of the FY2017 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-31), FY2018 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-141), FY2019 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-6), FY2020 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-93), FY2021 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-260), FY2022 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-103), FY2023 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-328), FY2024 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 118-42), year-long CR (P.L. 119-4) and DOJ's FY2026 budget summary, FY2026 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 119-74), CARES Act (P.L. 116-136), and Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (P.L. 117-159).

Notes: Amounts are in nominal dollars.

Figure 6 shows changes in the number of programs with statutory authorizations (active and expired) that received an appropriation in a given year from FY2017 to FY2026, as demonstrated by the blue bars according to the scale on the left side of the figure. The figure also shows how the average and median appropriation for these programs changed over this period as marked by the orange and silver lines measured by the scale on the right side of the figure. The median appropriation for these programs shows whether relatively large appropriations for a small number of programs might be affecting the average appropriation. The average appropriation for these programs generally increased from FY2017 to FY2023, which coincides with a general increase in total appropriations for these programs. The total number of programs funded also increased during this time period. Appropriations for several larger DOJ grant programs consistently increased from FY2020 to FY2023. For example, during this period funding increased from $349 million to $412 million for the JAG program, from $202 million to $327 million for the COPS program, from $125 million to $195 million for the Matching Grant Program for School Security, from $53 million to $110 million for the National Criminal History Improvement Program (NCHIP), and from $215 million to $255 million for the STOP program. On the other hand, funding for smaller programs (annual appropriations under $20 million) was flat or had relatively small increases in appropriations. This is demonstrated by the divergence between the average annual appropriation and the median appropriation from FY2020 to FY20203. Also, some of the newly authorized programs that were funded after FY2020 received relatively small appropriations. An increase in the number of programs funded along with rising appropriations for the larger grant programs helps explain the increasing trend in appropriations for programs with a statutory authorization from FY2017 to FY2023 seen in Figure 5. The average appropriation for programs with a statutory authorization decreased in FY2024 due to enacted cuts for many DOJ grant programs and an increase in the number of programs. The total number of funded programs, along with the average and median appropriation, was relatively flat from FY2024 to FY2025 because the FY2025 CR funded most DOJ grant programs at the FY2024-enacted level. The average appropriation for programs with a codified authorization decreased from FY2025 to FY2026 because the total amount of funding for these programs decreased (Figure 5), while the number of programs funded increased slightly from FY2025.

Figure 6. Number of Funded DOJ Grant Programs with a Statutory Authorization and Average and Median Appropriation for These Programs, FY2017-FY2026

Source: Text of the FY2017 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-31), FY2018 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-141), FY2019 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-6), FY2020 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-93), FY2021 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-260), FY2022 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-103), FY2023 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-328), FY2024 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 118-42), year-long CR (P.L. 119-4) and DOJ's FY2026 budget summary, FY2026 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 119-74), CARES Act (P.L. 116-136), and Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (P.L. 117-159).

Notes: Amounts are in nominal dollars.

Figure 7 shows changes in the number of programs without a statutory authorization that received appropriations in a given year from FY2017 to FY2026, as demonstrated by the green bars measured by the scale on the left of the figure, as well as how the average and median appropriation for these programs changed over this period, as marked by the dark and light gray lines measured by the scale on the right side of the figure. The median appropriation for these programs is presented in Figure 7 to show whether relatively large appropriations for a small number of programs might be affecting the average appropriation. The median appropriation for programs without statutory authorizations remained relatively flat from FY2017 to FY2026. Many of these programs are set-asides from appropriations for larger programs, such as JAG and Title V grants under the JJDPA, and they received relatively small appropriations that did not increase much, if at all, over the past 10 fiscal years. The spike in the average appropriation for programs without a statutory authorization in FY2020 was the result of the $850 million in supplemental funding provided in the CARES Act. The increase in the average appropriation for these programs from FY2021 to FY2024 is attributable to the $100 million in annual funding provided for community violence intervention and prevention programs and increased funding for community funding projects. The decrease in the average appropriation in FY2025 reflects the elimination of funding for community funding projects under the FY2025 CR, while the increase in the average appropriation for FY2026 is largely attributable to the restoration of funding for community funding projects. The general increase in total appropriations for programs without statutory authorizations observed in Figure 5 coincides with an increase in the number of these programs funded along with an increase in the average appropriation for the programs.

Figure 7. Number of Funded DOJ Grant Programs Without Statutory Authorizations and Average and Median Appropriation for These Programs, FY2017-FY2026

Source: Text of the FY2017 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-31), FY2018 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-141), FY2019 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-6), FY2020 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-93), FY2021 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-260), FY2022 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-103), FY2023 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-328), FY2024 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 118-42), year-long CR (P.L. 119-4) and DOJ's FY2026 budget summary, FY2026 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 119-74), CARES Act (P.L. 116-136), and Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (P.L. 117-159).

Notes: Amounts are in nominal dollars.

Figure 8 shows the amount appropriated from FY2017 to FY2026 for programs with a current statutory authorization of appropriations compared to appropriations for programs without a current authorization of appropriations. Figure 8 excludes programs with a statutory authorization that do not contain an explicit authorization of appropriations, and also those programs that lack a statutory authorization altogether. (In contrast, Figure 5 shows appropriations for a larger universe of programs—those with and without a statutory authorization.) From FY2017 to FY2026, with the exception of FY2018 and FY2023, appropriations for programs without a current statutory authorization of appropriations accounted for around 55% of funding for DOJ grants with a statutory authorization. In the three most recent fiscal years, appropriations have been close to evenly split between DOJ grant programs with and without a current statutory authorization of appropriations. VAWA programs have been funded every year over the past 10 fiscal years, but authorizations of appropriations for these programs lapsed from FY2019 to FY2022; this contributed to the increase in appropriations for grant programs without a current statutory authorization of appropriations in those fiscal years. The reauthorization of many VAWA programs for FY2023 to FY2027 by P.L. 117-103 contributed to the increased share of FY2023 appropriations being for grant programs with a current statutory authorization of appropriations. However, the statutory authorization of appropriations for a handful of grant programs that receive tens or hundreds of millions of dollars in annual appropriations have expired over the past few fiscal years, which contributed to the higher amounts of appropriations for grant programs without a current statutory authorization of appropriations from FY2024 to FY2026. Examples include programs authorized under the JJDPA and the Second Chance Act, NCHIP, and the Comprehensive Opioid Abuse program. Additionally, the noticeable increase in appropriations for programs without a current statutory authorization of appropriations from FY2021 to FY2022 is attributable to the $150 million per fiscal year in funding provided for the Byrne State Crisis Intervention Program (SCIP) for FY2022 to FY2026 in the BSCA. Despite the increase related to SCIP, the share of overall appropriations going to grant programs without a current statutory authorization of appropriations dipped in FY2023 due to the reauthorization of VAWA, but increased again as statutory authorizations of appropriations for some previously discussed programs expired.

Figure 8. Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs With and Without a Current Statutory Authorization of Appropriations, FY2017-FY2026

Source: Text of the FY2017 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-31), FY2018 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-141), FY2019 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-6), FY2020 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-93), FY2021 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-260), FY2022 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-103), FY2023 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-328), FY2024 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 118-42), year-long CR (P.L. 119-4) and DOJ's FY2026 budget summary, FY2026 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 119-74), CARES Act (P.L. 116-136), and Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (P.L. 117-159).

Notes: Amounts are in nominal dollars.

Figure 9 shows, for DOJ grant programs having an authorization of appropriations of a specific dollar amount that was current for a given fiscal year, how the total amount appropriated for those programs in FY2017 to FY2026 compares to the amount that was authorized to be appropriated. (The total amount authorized does not include any amounts for programs where the authorized amount was "such sums as necessary.") Figure 9 shows that the gap between the amount authorized for DOJ grant programs and the amount appropriated pursuant to those authorizations has narrowed since FY2017. In fact, since FY2024 appropriations have been roughly equal to the amount authorized. The narrowing gap between the amount authorized and the amount appropriated pursuant to those authorizations is attributable to a decrease in the number of programs with current authorizations of appropriations since FY2023, but also an increase in funding for programs with a current authorization of appropriations in recent years. The notable increase in both total appropriations authorized and subsequent funding for programs with a current authorization of appropriations in FY2023 was the result of the reauthorization of VAWA.

Figure 9. Total Authorizations of Appropriations and Appropriations for Grants, FY2017-FY2026

Source: Authorization of appropriations are based on a CRS review of statutory authorizations for DOJ grant programs in U.S. Code Title 34; Title 22, Chapter 78; Title 21, Chapter 13; Title 28, Chapters 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, and 40A; and Title 25, Chapters 15 and 38A. Appropriation amounts were taken from the text of the FY2017 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-31), FY2018 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-141), FY2019 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-6), FY2020 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-93), FY2021 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-260), FY2022 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-103), FY2023 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-328), FY2024 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 118-42), year-long CR (P.L. 119-4) and DOJ's FY2026 budget summary, FY2026 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 119-74), CARES Act (P.L. 116-136), and Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (P.L. 117-159).

Notes: Amounts are in nominal dollars. Grant programs where the authorization of appropriations is "such sums as necessary" are not included in the total amount of authorized appropriations. Appropriations for grants with a current authorization of appropriations include appropriations for grant programs with an authorization of appropriations of "such sums as necessary."

Figure 10 shows the total number of DOJ grant programs with a current authorization of appropriations in a given year from FY2017 to FY2026 and the number of these programs that received an appropriation, as demonstrated by the green and blue bars measured by the scale on the left of the figure. Figure 10 also shows what proportion of programs with a current authorization of appropriations received an appropriation, as marked by the yellow line measured by the scale on the right side of the figure. The data in the figure show 64% to 77% of programs with a current authorization of appropriations being funded, meaning that funds have not been provided to every grant program with a current authorization in any of the past 10 fiscal years. There was a notable increase in the percentage of programs with a current authorization of appropriations funded from FY2023 to FY2026, but this is mostly attributable to the 2023 reauthorization of VAWA. Many VAWA programs have been consistently funded since they were established by the initial VAWA or one of its subsequent reauthorizations. (In a few cases, the 2023 VAWA reauthorization established some new grant programs that started receiving an appropriation in FY2023.)

Figure 10. Total Number of DOJ Grant Programs with a Current Authorization of Appropriations and the Number Funded, FY2017-FY2026

Source: The number of statutorily authorized programs is based on a CRS review of statutory authorizations for DOJ grant programs in U.S. Code Title 34; Title 22, Chapter 78; Title 21, Chapter 13; Title 28, Chapters 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, and 40A; and Title 25, Chapters 15 and 38A. Appropriations for programs with a current authorization of appropriations were taken from the text of the FY2017 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-31), FY2018 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-141), FY2019 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-6), FY2020 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-93), FY2021 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-260), FY2022 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-103), FY2023 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-328), FY2024 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 118-42), year-long CR (P.L. 119-4) and DOJ's FY2026 budget summary, FY2026 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 119-74), CARES Act (P.L. 116-136), and Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (P.L. 117-159).

Considerations for Congress

Since FY2022, around $4 billion has been appropriated each fiscal year for approximately 100 DOJ grant programs. Providing funding for state and local criminal justice programs and activities is the primary way in which the federal government influences and shapes the criminal justice system in the United States.³⁰ A majority of these programs have authorizing legislation that specifies how grants under the program are to be awarded and which entities are eligible to receive funding. However, many grant programs do not have a corresponding statutory authorization. For many of those that do, their authorizations of appropriations provisions have lapsed.

There are several issues related to authorizations for DOJ grant programs that policymakers might consider, including

reauthorizing grant programs with expired authorizations of appropriations,

examining whether there is still a need for some programs that were authorized in the past but have not been recently funded,

evaluating whether there is overlap in the purposes of some programs that warrants consolidation, and

examining whether the amounts authorized to be appropriated for specific DOJ grant programs are optimal and to what extent such amounts should align with amounts that have been appropriated in recent years.

Reauthorizing Expired Authorizations of Appropriations

Policymakers might consider whether to take up legislation to reauthorize appropriations for DOJ grant programs where those statutory provisions have expired. A DOJ grant program does not end when authorization of appropriations expires if funding for the program is provided in the annual CJS appropriations act. When funds are appropriated for grant programs for which authorization has expired, those funds will still be awarded based on the requirements of the authorizing statute.

Renewing the provisions that authorize appropriations indicates, among other things, that Congress believes the program is still relevant and addressing a state or local need. When extending the period over which appropriations are authorized to be provided for a program, the statute may specify a particular amount of funding for a given fiscal year or "such sums as necessary." On the other hand, Congress may choose not to expend legislative efforts (i.e., committee and floor time) on reauthorizing grant programs with expired authorizations of appropriations when there is general satisfaction with the program's parameters in the authorizing law and the level of funding that is being annually appropriated.³¹

Unfunded Grant Programs

As discussed previously, CRS identified 151 DOJ grant programs with a statutory authorization, and appropriations for many of these programs were not reauthorized after their initial authorization. In addition, many authorized grant programs do not currently receive an appropriation and have not been funded for several fiscal years (and some were never funded at all). Policymakers might review the current scope of DOJ grant programs that are statutorily authorized and examine whether they still serve a need or address a current crime issue facing the nation. Policymakers might examine whether there is no longer a need for the type of programs or actions supported by the grants, and if so, whether the underlying statutory authorization for such programs might be considered for repeal.

If policymakers determine that a grant program continues to address a need, they might consider whether that authorization needs to be modified to either expand or narrow the scope of funding uses or who is eligible to receive those funds. During such a review, policymakers might also consider whether there is a need to establish new grant programs to address new crime problems or issues in the criminal justice system.

Overlapping Grant Programs

Numerous grant programs have been authorized over the years, many of which focus on addressing a particular issue or crime problem. As the slate of DOJ grant programs has expanded, some programs allow funds to be used for purposes that overlap with or are substantially similar to purposes of other grant programs. For example, state and local governments can use funds under the JAG program for purposes that are similar to those of many other DOJ grant programs, such as hiring law enforcement officers, reducing backlogs of DNA evidence, supporting prisoner reentry programs, or improving the completeness of criminal history records. Funds under the Comprehensive Opioid Abuse Grant program can be used to support drug courts and mental health courts, both of which can be funded through the Drug Courts and Adult and Juvenile Collaboration programs.

There are many reasons why Congress might choose to authorize programs with overlapping purposes, including that they target different populations, have different types of grantees, or are being carried out by federal agencies with different missions. In certain cases, however, Congress might determine in a review of DOJ grant programs that some are duplicative. Such programs might be candidates for restructuring, consolidation, or repeal.

Authorization and Appropriations Alignment

Over the past 10 fiscal years, many DOJ grant programs with unexpired authorizations of appropriations have been funded at a level below their authorization. For example, the Sexual Assault Victims Services program is authorized at $100 million for FY2026, and it received $80 million in funding for that fiscal year. At the same time, numerous DOJ grant programs have been regularly funded without having a separate statutory authorization. For example, since FY2015 $531 million in funding has been provided for a grant program to help state and local governments work through backlogs of untested sexual assault evidence kits and to pursue leads generated by evidence from those kits. Since FY2022, $400 million in funding has been provided for another grant program for community violence intervention and prevention programs.

Congress might consider whether this patchwork approach to authorizations, with much of the programmatic and funding decisionmaking occurring through the annual appropriations process, is desirable for different groups of DOJ programs. In cases where there is dissatisfaction with the amount of funding provided for programs with expired authorizations of appropriations, Congress could seek to reauthorize those funding levels. Congress might also consider whether to take up legislation to authorize DOJ grant programs that have been regularly funded but do not have a statutory authorization. Providing statutory authorization for these and other programs would give policymakers the ability to specify in greater detail how DOJ is to award grants provided for a specific purpose in the annual CJS appropriations act.

Appendix A. Laws That Authorize or Reauthorize DOJ Grant Programs

Table A-1. Public Laws that Authorized or Reauthorized DOJ Grant Programs

Public Law

Title

P.L. 90-315

The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968

P.L. 93-415

The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974

P.L. 98-473

The Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984

P.L. 100-690

The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988

P.L. 101-647

The Crime Control Act of 1990

P.L. 102-521

The Child Support Recovery Act of 1992

P.L. 102-534

To extend for two years the authorizations of appropriations for certain programs under title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968

P.L. 102-586

The Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs Act

P.L. 103-159

The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act

P.L. 103-209

The National Child Protection Act of 1993

P.L. 103-322

The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

P.L. 104-132

The Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996

P.L. 104-134

The Department of Justice Appropriations Act, 1996

P.L. 104-235

The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act Amendments of 1996

P.L. 104-294

The Economic Espionage Act of 1996

P.L. 105-181

The Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Act of 1998

P.L. 105-251

The Crime Identification Technology Act of 1998

P.L. 105-277

The Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999

P.L. 106-172

The Hillory J. Farias and Samantha Reid Date-Rape Drug Prohibition Act of 2000

P.L. 106-71

The Missing, Exploited, and Runaway Children Protection Act

P.L. 106-177

The Child Abuse Prevention and Enforcement Act

P.L. 106-313

The Kids 2000 Act

P.L. 106-367

The National Police Athletic League Youth Enrichment Act of 2000

P.L. 106-386

The Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000

P.L. 106-468

Kristen's Act

P.L. 106-515

America's Law Enforcement and Mental Health Project

P.L. 106-517

The Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Act of 2000

P.L. 106-559

The Indian Tribal Justice Technical and Legal Assistance Act of 2000

P.L. 106-561

The Paul Coverdell National Forensic Sciences Improvement Act of 2000

P.L. 106-572

The Computer Crime Enforcement Act

P.L. 107-56

The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT ACT) Act of 2001

P.L. 107-273

The 21st Century Department of Justice Appropriations Authorization Act

P.L. 108-21

The Prosecutorial Remedies and Other Tools to End the Exploitation of Children Today (PROTECT) Act of 2003

P.L. 108-79

The Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003

P.L. 108-96

The Runaway, Homeless, and Missing Children Protection Act

P.L. 108-193

The Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2003

P.L. 108-344

A bill to revise and extend the Boys and Girls Clubs of America

P.L. 108-372

The State Justice Institute Reauthorization Act of 2004

P.L. 108-405

The Justice for All Act of 2004

P.L. 108-414

The Mentally Ill Offender Treatment and Crime Reduction Act of 2004

P.L. 109-162

The Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005

P.L. 109-164

The Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005

P.L. 109-177

The USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005

P.L. 109-248

The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006

P.L. 109-271

A bill to make technical corrections to the Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005

P.L. 110-177

The Court Security Improvement Act of 2007

P.L. 110-180

The NICS Improvement Amendments Act of 2007

P.L. 110-199

The Second Chance Act of 2007

P.L. 110-240

The Protecting Our Children Comes First Act of 2007

P.L. 110-294

A bill to authorize the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program at fiscal year 2006 levels through 2012

P.L. 110-315

The John R. Justice Prosecutors and Defenders Incentive Act of 2008

P.L. 110-344

The Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act of 2007

P.L. 110-360

The Debbie Smith Reauthorization Act of 2008

P.L. 110-401

The PROTECT Our Children Act of 2008

P.L. 110-403

The Prioritizing Resources and Organization for Intellectual Property Act of 2008

P.L. 110-416

The Mentally Ill Offender Treatment and Crime Reduction Reauthorization and Improvement Act of 2008

P.L. 110-421

The Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Act of 2008

P.L. 110-424

To authorize funding to conduct a national training program for State and local prosecutors

P.L. 110-457

The William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008

P.L. 111-84

The Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act

P.L. 111-211

The Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010

P.L. 112-206

The Child Protection Act of 2012

P.L. 112-253

The Katie Sepich Enhanced DNA Collection Act of 2012

P.L. 113-4

The Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013

P.L. 113-38

The E. Clay Shaw, Jr. Missing Children's Assistance Reauthorization Act of 2013

P.L. 113-163

The Victims of Child Abuse Act Reauthorization Act of 2013

P.L. 113-182

The Debbie Smith Reauthorization Act of 2014

P.L. 114-22

The Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015

P.L. 114-155

The Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Program Reauthorization Act of 2015

P.L. 114-198

The Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016

P.L. 114-255

The 21st Century Cures Act

P.L. 114-324

The Justice for All Reauthorization Act of 2016

P.L. 114-325

The Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crimes Reauthorization Act of 2016

P.L. 115-76

The Strengthening State and Local Cyber Crime Fighting Act of 2017

P.L. 115-82

The PROTECT Our Children Act of 2017

P.L. 115-141

Kevin and Avonte's Law (Division Q)

Keep Young Athletes Safe Act (Title II, Division S)

STOP School Violence Act (Title V, Division S)

Fix NICS Act (Title VI, Division S)

P.L. 115-166

The Ashlynne Mike AMBER Alert in Indian Country Act

P.L. 115-185

The Project Safe Neighborhoods Grant Program Authorization Act of 2018

P.L. 115-267

The Missing Children's Assistance Act of 2018

P.L. 115-271

The SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act

P.L. 115-385

The Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018

P.L. 115-391

The Second Chance Reauthorization Act of 2018

P.L. 115-393

The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2017

P.L. 115-424

The Victims of Child Abuse Act Reauthorization Act of 2018

P.L. 116-18

To reauthorize the Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Program

P.L. 116-32

The Supporting and Treating Officers in Crisis Act of 2019

P.L. 116-104

The Debbie Smith Reauthorization Act of 2019

P.L. 116-281

The Crisis Stabilization and Community Reentry Act of 2020

P.L. 117-13

The COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act

P.L. 117-103

The Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization Act of 2022

P.L. 117-159

The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act

P.L. 117-170

The TBI and PTSD Law Enforcement Training Act

P.L. 117-262

The PROTECT Our Children Act of 2022

P.L. 117-263

The James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023

P.L. 117-325

The Law Enforcement De-Escalation Training Act of 2022

P.L. 117-347

The Abolish Trafficking Reauthorization Act of 2022

P.L. 117-348

The Trafficking Victims Prevention and Protection Reauthorization Act of 2022

P.L. 117-354

The Respect for Child Survivors Act

P.L. 118-65

The Missing Children's Assistance Reauthorization Act of 2023

P.L. 118-72

The Debbie Smith Act of 2023

P.L. 119-60

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026

Source: CRS review of the legislative history of statutory authorizations for DOJ grant programs in U.S. Code Title 34; Title 22, Chapter 78; Title 21, Chapter 13; Title 28, Chapters 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, and 40A; and Title 25, Chapters 15 and 38A.

Appendix B. Appropriated and Authorized Amounts for DOJ Grant Programs

Table B-1. Appropriated and Authorized Amounts for DOJ Grant Programs, FY2017-FY2026

(amounts in millions of dollars)

Program

FY2017

FY2018

FY2019

FY2020

FY2021

FY2022

FY2023

FY2024

FY2025

FY2026

Access to Sexual Assault Nurse Examinations (34 U.S.C. §40723)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

10.0

10.0

12.0

Authorization of Appropriations

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

Anti-heroin Task Forces (N/A)

Appropriation

10.0

32.0

32.0

35.0

35.0

35.0

35.0

35.0

35.0

34.5

Authorization of Appropriationsa

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Anti-methamphetamine Task Forces (N/A)

Appropriation

7.0

8.0

8.0

13.0

15.0

15.0

16.0

16.0

16.0

13.5

Authorization of Appropriationsb

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Arts in Juvenile Justice Demonstration Program (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

2.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Assistance for Prosecution of Cases Cleared Though Use of DNA Backlog Clearance Funds (34 U.S.C. §20982)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Body Worn Camera Partnership Program (N/A)

Appropriation

22.5

22.5

22.5

22.5

35.0

35.0

35.0

32.0

32.0

15.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Boys and Girls Club of America

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriationsc

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Byrne Criminal Justice Innovation Program (N/A)

Appropriation

17.5

17.5

17.0

17.0

22.0

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Byrne Discretionary Grants (Community Funding Projects) (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

184.7

229.6

350.0

—

538.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Byrne State Crisis Intervention Program (34 U.S.C. §§10151‒10158)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

150.0

150.0

150.0

150.0

150.0

Authorization of Appropriationsd

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Campus Assault Program (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

1.5

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Capital Litigation Improvement Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §§60301‒60306)

Appropriation

2.5

3.0

5.0

5.5

7.0

12.0

13.0

12.0

12.0

11.5

Authorization of Appropriations

*

7.5

12.5

17.5

22.5

*

*

*

*

*

Child Abuse Training for Judicial Personnel and Practitioners (34 U.S.C. §§20331‒20334)

Appropriation

2.0

2.0

3.0

3.5

3.5

4.0

4.5

4.5

4.5

4.5

Authorization of Appropriations

2.3

2.3

*

*

*

*

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

Child Advocacy Training (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

1.0

2.0

2.0

1.0

1.0

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Children Exposed to Violence Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

8.0

—

8.0

8.0

10.0

9.0

9.0

9.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Children of Incarcerated Parents Demonstration Grants (N/A)

Appropriation

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Children of Incarcerated Parents Web Portal (N/A)

Appropriation

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Children's Advocacy Centers and Related Training and Technical Assistance (34 U.S.C. §§20301‒20307)

Appropriation

21.0

21.0

22.5

27.0

30.0

33.0

41.0

41.0

41.0

43.0

Authorization of Appropriations

20.0

20.0

21.0

21.0

21.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

Closed-Circuit Televising of Testimony of Children Who are Victims of Abuse (34 U.S.C. §§10331‒10337, 10261(a)(7))

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Closing the Law Enforcement Consent Loophole Act of 2022 (34 U.S.C. §60106)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

^

^

^

^

^

^

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Collaborative Mental Health and Anti-Recidivism Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

1.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Community-Based Justice Grants for Prosecutors (34 U.S.C. §§12221‒12227)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Community Oriented Policing Services (34 U.S.C. §§10381‒10389, 10261(a)(11))

Appropriatione

152.0

159.5

159.5

162.0

191.5

201.5

277.0

189.2

189.2

181.1

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Community Teams to Reduce Sexual Assault Kit Backlog (N/A)

Appropriation

45.0

47.5

48.0

48.0

48.0

50.0

55.0

51.5

51.5

50.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Community Violence Intervention and Prevention (N/A)

Appropriation

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

14.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Community-based Approaches to Advancing Justice (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

5.0

10.0

9.0

—f

9.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Competitive Grant Program for Emergency Planning at Juvenile Detention Facilities (N/A)

Appropriation

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Comprehensive Opioid Abuse Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §§10701‒10707, 10261(a)(27))

Appropriation

13.0

145.0

157.0

180.0

185.0

185.0

190.0

189.0

189.0

185.0

Authorization of Appropriations

103.0

103.0

330.0

330.0

330.0

330.0

330.0

*

*

*

Comprehensive School Safety Program (N/A)

Appropriation

50.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Consolidated Youth-Oriented Program (34 U.S.C. §§12451 and 12463)

Appropriation

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.5

12.0

12.0

13.5

13.5

13.5

17.0

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §12451)

15.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §12463)

15.0

51.0

*

*

*

*

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

Coronavirus Emergency Supplemental Funding (CARES Act) (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

850.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Correctional Facilities on Tribal Lands Program (34 U.S.C. §12109)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Correctional Options Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10171 and 10172)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Court Appointed Special Advocates (34 U.S.C. §§20321‒20324)

Appropriation

9.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

12.5

14.0

15.0

14.0

14.0

14.0

Authorization of Appropriations

12.0

12.0

*

*

*

*

12.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

Crime-Free Rural State Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10641‒10644)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Crime Prevention Campaign Grant (34 U.S.C. §10191)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Crime Identification Technology Act (CITA)/National Criminal History Improvement Program (NCHIP) (34 U.S.C. §40301)

Appropriation

48.0

50.0

50.0

53.3

60.0

110.0

110.0

103.0

103.0

99.0

Authorization of Appropriations

*

250.0

250.0

250.0

250.0

250.0

*

*

*

*

Criminal Child Support Enforcement (34 U.S.C. §§10361‒10367, 10261(a)(10))

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Crisis Stabilization and Community Reentry Program (34 U.S.C. §§10751‒10755)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

Authorization of Appropriations

^

^

^

^

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

*

Debbie Smith DNA Backlog Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §40701)

Appropriation

117.0

120.0

120.0

102.0

110.0

120.0

130.0

120.0

120.0

115.0

Authorization of Appropriations

151.0

151.0

151.0

151.0

151.0

151.0

151.0

151.0

151.0

151.0

Demonstration Projects to Clean-Up Illegal Drug Laboratories (21 U.S.C. §801 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

DNA Identification Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10511‒10517, 10261(a)(22))

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

DNA Identification of Missing Persons (34 U.S.C. §40726)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

*

*

*

*

*

DNA Research and Development Grants (34 U.S.C. §40724)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

*

*

*

*

*

DNA Training and Education for Law Enforcement, Correctional Personnel, and Court Officers (34 U.S.C. §40722)

Appropriationg

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

12.5

12.5

12.5

12.5

12.5

12.5

12.5

12.5

*

*

Drug Courts (34 U.S.C. §§10611‒10619, 10261(a)(25))

Appropriation

43.0

75.0

77.0

80.0

83.0

88.0

95.0

89.0

89.0

86.0

Authorization of Appropriations

*

75.0

75.0

75.0

75.0

75.0

75.0

*

*

*

Drug Data Research Center to Combat Opioid Abuse (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

4.0

4.0

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Drug Field Testing and Training Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

2.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Economic, High Technology, and Internet Crime Prevention Grants (34 U.S.C. §30103)

Appropriation

13.0

14.0

14.0

14.0

12.0

12.0

13.0

12.0

—f

7.5

Authorization of Appropriations

*

13.0h

13.0h

13.0h

13.0h

13.0h

*

*

*

*

Education, Training, and Enhanced Services to End Violence Against and Abuse of Individuals with Disabilities and Deaf People (34 U.S.C. §20122)

Appropriation

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.5

7.5

12.0

12.0

12.0

11.5

Authorization of Appropriations

9.0

9.0

*

*

*

*

15.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) Program (34 U.S.C. §§10151‒10158)

Appropriation

334.6

339.6

329.6

348.8

360.1

381.9

412.3

345.5

395.5

346.3

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance (34 U.S.C. §§50101‒50112)

Appropriation

15.0

16.0

2.0

—

—

—

—

3.0

3.0

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

Engaging Men and Youth in Prevention (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

3.0

3.5

3.5

3.5

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Enhancing Culturally Specific Services for Victims of Domestic and Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, and Stalking (34 U.S.C. §20124)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

10.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

10.0

Authorization of Appropriations

^

^

^

^

^

^

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

Family Alternative Sentencing Pilot Projects (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

3.5

2.8

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Family Friendly Visitation Spaces in Prisons and Jails (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

2.0

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Family Unity Demonstration Projects (34 U.S.C. §§12251‒12253)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Financial Assistance Program (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

4.0

4.0

4.0

3.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

First Responder Assistance Grants (28 U.S.C. §509 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Forensics Ballistics Programs in Higher Education (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Funding for the Improvement of Criminal Records (34 U.S.C. §40302)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

200.0

200.0

200.0

200.0

200.0

200.0

200.0

200.0

200.0

200.0

Gang Resistance Education and Training (34 U.S.C. §12281)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Gang Prevention Program (N/A)

Appropriation

4.0

4.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Girls in the Justice System (N/A)

Appropriation

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

3.0

4.5

5.5

4.5

4.5

4.5

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Grant for National Resource Center on Workplace Responses to Assist Victims of Domestic and Sexual Violence (34 U.S.C. §12501)

Appropriation

0.5

0.5

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Authorization of Appropriations

1.0

1.0

*

*

*

*

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

Grant Program for Drug Endangered Children (34 U.S.C. §10663)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grant Program for Expanding Big Brothers Big Sisters Mentoring Program (34 U.S.C. §11111 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grant Program for Support of AMBER Alert Communications Plans (34 U.S.C. §20504)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

10.0

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grant Program to Combat Hate Crimes Committed by Juveniles (34 U.S.C. §30504)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

Grant Program to Prevent Disclosure of Personal Information of At-Risk Individuals or Immediate Family Members (front matter to Part III of Title 28 of the U.S. Code)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

7.5

Authorization of Appropriationsi

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

Grants for Fingerprinting Programs for Children (34 U.S.C. §20984)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for Online Child Safety Program (34 U.S.C. §20987)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for Outreach to Underserved Populations (34 U.S.C. §20123)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

5.0

5.0

5.0

4.5

Authorization of Appropriations

2.0

2.0

*

*

*

*

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

Grants for Specialized Human Trafficking Training and Technical Assistance for Service Providers (34 U.S.C. §20708)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for State Law Enforcement Technology Upgrades (28 U.S.C. §531 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for the Diversion of Controlled Substances (21 U.S.C. §873)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for Tribal Special Criminal Jurisdiction (25 U.S.C. §1304)

Appropriation

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

5.5

11.0

11.0

11.0

14.5

Authorization of Appropriations

5.0

5.0

*

*

*

*

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

Grants for Young Witness Assistance (34 U.S.C. §20143)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to Address Methamphetamine Use by Pregnant and Parenting Offenders (34 U.S.C. §10664)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

Grants to Address Public Safety and Methamphetamine Manufacturing, Sale, and Use in Hot-spots (34 U.S.C. §§10661 and 10662)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to Combat Violence Against Women in Public and Assisted Housing (34 U.S.C. §12475)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

4.0

4.0

*

*

*

*

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

Grants to Combat Violent Crimes on Campuses (34 U.S.C. §20125)

Appropriation

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

22.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

Authorization of Appropriations

12.0

12.0

*

*

*

*

15.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

Grants to Develop Field Tests for the Presence of Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid (21 U.S.C. §801 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

Grants to Improve the Criminal Justice Response and the Enforcement of Protection Orders (34 U.S.C. §§10461‒10465, 10261(a)(19))

Appropriation

49.0

49.0

49.0

49.0

49.0

47.0

43.5

44.5

44.5

49.5

Authorization of Appropriations

73.0

73.0

*

*

*

*

73.0

73.0

73.0

73.0

Grants to Indian Tribal Coalitions (34 U.S.C. §§10441(d) and 10446(b))

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriationsj

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

Grants to Indian Tribal Governments (34 U.S.C. §10452)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriationsk

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

Grants to Keep Young Athletes Safe (36 U.S.C. §220531)

Appropriation

—

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

Authorization of Appropriations

^

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

*

*

*

*

Grants to Law Enforcement for Investigation of Civil Rights Offenses (28 U.S.C. §509 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

2.0

2.0

3.0

3.5

3.0

—f

3.0

Authorization of Appropriations

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

Grants to Protect the Privacy and Confidentiality of Victims of Domestic Violence, Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, and Stalking (34 U.S.C. §§12441‒12444)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to State and Tribal Courts to Implement Protection Order Pilot Program (34 U.S.C. §10462a)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

5.0

3.0

3.0

1.0

Authorization of Appropriations

^

^

^

^

^

^

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

Grants to State Coalitions (34 U.S.C. §§10441(c) and 10446(b))

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriationsl

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

Grants to States for Threat Assessment Databases (34 U.S.C. §41508)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to States to Implement DNA Arrestee Collection Processes (34 U.S.C. §§40741‒40744)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to Study Parole or Post-Incarceration Supervision Violations and Revocations (34 U.S.C. §60552)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

*

*

*

Grants to Support Families in the Justice System (34 U.S.C. §12464)

Appropriation

16.0

16.0

16.0

17.0

18.0

20.0

22.0

22.0

22.0

21.0

Authorization of Appropriations

22.0

22.0

*

*

*

*

22.0

22.0

22.0

22.0

Homicide Reduction Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Improving Juvenile Indigent Defense (N/A)

Appropriation

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Improving Responses to People with Mental Illness (N/A)

Appropriation

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

7.5

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

6.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Incentives for States to Create Sexual Assault Survivors' Bills of Rights (34 U.S.C §10441 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

10.0

10.0

10.0

Authorization of Appropriations

—

—

—

—

—

—

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

Jabara-Heyer NO HATE Act (34 U.S.C. §30507)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

5.0

10.0

9.0

—f

9.0

Authorization of Appropriationsm

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

Jennifer's Law (34 U.S.C. §§40501‒40503)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

5.0

6.0

5.0

5.0

3.0

Authorization of Appropriations

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

Jessica Lunsford Address Verification Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §20988)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Jimmy Ryce State Civil Commitment Programs for Sexually Dangerous Persons (34 U.S.C. §20971)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

JJDPA Part B: State Formula Grants (34 U.S.C. §§11131‒11133, 11321)

Appropriation

54.5

59.5

59.5

62.5

66.5

69.5

74.5

64.5

64.5

64.5

Authorization of Appropriations (JJDPA, Title II, Parts A, B, D, and E, and Title V [34 U.S.C. §§11111‒11117, 11131‒11133, 11161‒11162, 11171‒11174, 11311‒11314, and 11321])n

*

*

176.0

176.0

176.0

176.0

*

*

*

*

JJDPA Title V (34 U.S.C. §§11131‒11133, 11321)

Appropriation

—

—

—

22.5

15.5

1.5

12.5

11.0

11.0

4.5

Authorization of Appropriations (JJDPA, Title II, Parts A, B, D, and E, and Title V [34 U.S.C. §§11111‒11117, 11131‒11133, 11161‒11162, 11171‒11174, 11311‒11314, and 11321])n

*

*

176.0

176.0

176.0

176.0

*

*

*

*

John R. Justice Student Loan Repayment Program (34 U.S.C. §10671)

Appropriation

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

4.0

5.0

3.0

3.0

2.5

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Justice Reinvestment Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

25.0

25.0

27.0

28.0

33.0

35.0

35.0

32.0

32.0

19.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Juvenile Accountability Block Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §§10401‒10410)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Juvenile Sex Offender Treatment Grants (34 U.S.C. §10692)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Keeping Children Safe From Family Violence Act or Kayden's Law (34 U.S.C. §10446(k))

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

^

^

^

^

^

^

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Kids 2000 Crime Prevention and Computer Education Initiative (34 U.S.C. §11313 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Kirk Bloodsworth Post-Conviction DNA Testing Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §40727)

Appropriation

4.0

6.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

12.0

15.0

14.0

14.0

13.0

Authorization of Appropriations

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

*

*

*

*

*

Kristen's Act Grants (34 U.S.C. §40504)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriationso

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Law Enforcement Scholarship Program (34 U.S.C. §§12571‒12578)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Law Enforcement Technology Program (Community Funding Projects) (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

111.7

177.9

247.3

—

401.4

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Law Enforcement Training Programs (34 U.S.C. §§10159 and 10381(o))

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

20.0

20.0

15.0

Authorization of Appropriations

—

—

—

—

—

—

3.0

20.0

50.0

1.0

Legal Assistance for Victims Improvement Grants (34 U.S.C. §20121)

Appropriation

45.0

45.0

45.0

46.0

47.0

50.0

55.0

55.0

55.0

55.0

Authorization of Appropriations

57.0

57.0

*

*

*

*

60.0

60.0

60.0

60.0

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Specific Services Program (34 U.S.C. §20129)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Authorization of Appropriations

^

^

^

^

^

^

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

Lethality Assessment Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

2.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Local Law Enforcement Grants for the Prevention of Cybercrime and the Grant for a National Resource Center (34 U.S.C. §§30107 and 30108)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

7.0

5.5

5.5

5.0

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §30107)

^

^

^

^

^

^

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §30108)

^

^

^

^

^

^

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

Managed Access Systems (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

2.0

2.0

2.0

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Matching Grant Program for School Security (34 U.S.C. §§10551‒10556)

Appropriation

—

75.0

100.0

125.0

132.0

195.0

195.0

195.0

195.0

195.0

Authorization of Appropriations

*

75.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Mental Health Courts and Adult and Juvenile Collaboration Program Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10471‒10479, 10261(a)(20), 10651)

Appropriation

12.0

30.0

31.0

33.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

40.0

40.0

35.0

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §§10471‒10479, 10261(a)(20))

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §10651)

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

*

54.0

54.0

54.0

54.0

Methamphetamine Enforcement and Clean-up (N/A)

Appropriation

10.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Missing Americans Alert Program (34 U.S.C. §12621)

Appropriation

—

—

2.0

2.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.5

Authorization of Appropriations

*

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

Missing and Exploited Children's Program (34 U.S.C. §§11291‒11298, 21116‒21117)

Appropriation

72.5

76.0

82.0

87.5

94.0

99.0

105.0

103.0

103.0

105.0

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §§11291‒11298)

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

40.0

49.3

49.3

49.3

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §§21116‒21117)

60.0

60.0

60.0

60.0

60.0

60.0

60.0

60.0

*

60.0

Model Intensive Grant Programs (34 U.S.C. §§12141‒12146)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

NamUS (N/A)

Appropriation

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.4

3.5

3.0

3.0

3.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

National Center for Restorative Justice (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

National Center on Forensics (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

4.0

—

—

1.0

1.0

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

National Criminal Justice and Mental Health Training and Technical Assistance (34 U.S.C. §10652)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriationsp

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

National Deaf Services Line (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

The National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) Improvement Act Assistance (34 U.S.C. §§40913 and 40941)

Appropriation

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

25.0

24.0

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §40913)

*

125.0

125.0

125.0

125.0

125.0

*

*

*

*

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §40941)

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

National Police Athletic League Youth Enrichment (34 U.S.C. §11313 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

National Stalker and Domestic Violence Reduction (34 U.S.C. §§12401‒12410)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

3.0

3.0

*

*

*

*

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

National Training Program for State and Local Prosecutors (34 U.S.C. §10121 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

National Tribal Sex Offender and Protection Order Registry (34 U.S.C. §20903)

Appropriation

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

Authorization of Appropriations

1.0

1.0

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Opioid Affected Youth Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

—

8.0

9.0

10.0

10.0

12.0

12.5

10.5

10.5

10.5

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Ounce of Prevention Grants (34 U.S.C. §§12131‒12133)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Patrick Leahy Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §§10531‒10534, 10261(a)(23))

Appropriation

21.0

21.0

23.5

26.0

28.5

28.5

28.5

28.5

28.5

28.5

Authorization of Appropriations

25.0

25.0

25.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

Paul Coverdell Forensic Sciences Improvement Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10561‒10566, 10261(a)(24))

Appropriation

13.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

33.0

33.0

35.0

34.0

34.0

32.5

Authorization of Appropriations

13.5

18.5

19.0

21.0

23.0

*

*

*

*

*

Pay for Success (N/A)

Appropriation

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Permanent Supportive Housing Model (N/A)

Appropriation

—

5.0

5.0

5.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Pilot Program for Monitoring Sexual Offenders (34 U.S.C. §20981)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Pilot Program for Restorative Practices (34 U.S.C. §12514)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

11.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

14.0

Authorization of Appropriations

—

—

—

—

—

—

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

The POLICE Act of 2016 (34 U.S.C. §10381(b)(18))

Appropriation

7.5

10.0

10.0

10.0

11.0

11.0

12.0

12.0

12.0

11.5

Authorization of Appropriations

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

^

Police Corps (34 U.S.C. §§12551‒12559)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Police Recruitment (34 U.S.C. §12171)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Policing and Prosecution Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

8.0

8.0

8.0

5.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Pre-Inauguration Presidential Security (N/A)

Appropriation

27.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Prescription Drug Monitoring (N/A)

Appropriation

14.0

30.0

30.0

31.0

32.0

33.0

35.0

35.0

35.0

35.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

President-elect Security Reimbursement (N/A)

Appropriation

7.0

—

—

—

1.1

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Presidential Nominating Convention Security (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

100.0

—

—

—

125.0

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Tuberculosis in Correctional Institutions (34 U.S.C. §12271)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Prevention, Investigation, and Prosecution of White-Collar Crime Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10721‒10726)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

13.0h

13.0h

13.0h

13.0h

13.0h

*

*

*

*

Prevention of Trafficking of Girls (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

2.0

2.0

4.0

5.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Programs Authorized Under the Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 (34 U.S.C §30305)

Appropriation

10.5

15.5

15.5

15.5

15.5

15.5

15.5

15.5

15.5

15.0

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Programs Authorized Under the Second Chance Act (34 U.S.C. §§10631, 10591‒10596, 10741, 60511, 60521, and 60531)

Appropriation

45.5

57.5

60.0

62.0

77.0

79.5

89.5

81.5

81.5

75.5

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §10631)

*

*

35.0

35.0

35.0

35.0

35.0

*

*

*

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §§10591‒10596)

*

*

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

*

*

*

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §10741)

*

*

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

*

*

*

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §60511)

*

*

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

*

*

*

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §60521)

*

*

15.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

*

*

*

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §60531)

*

*

15.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

15.0

*

*

*

Project HOPE (N/A)

Appropriation

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.5

4.5

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Project Safe Neighborhoods (34 U.S.C. §§60701‒60705)

Appropriation

6.5

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

19.0

19.0

13.0

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

50.0

50.0

50.0

*

*

*

*

*

Prosecution and Investigation of Online Abuse Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

1.0

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Protecting Vulnerable and At-risk Youth (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

5.0

2.0

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Rape, Abuse, and Incest National Network (34 U.S.C. §20985)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

Rape Survivor Child Custody Act (34 U.S.C. §21301‒21308)

Appropriation

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

2.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Authorization of Appropriations

5.0

5.0

5.0

*

*

*

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Regional Information Sharing System (34 U.S.C. §10321)

Appropriation

35.0

36.0

37.0

38.0

40.0

42.0

44.0

44.0

44.0

44.0

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Regional Law Enforcement Technology Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

3.0

3.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Reporting Child Abuse Crime Information (34 U.S.C. §40103)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Residential Substance Abuse Treatment (34 U.S.C. §§10421‒10426, 10261(a)(17))

Appropriation

14.0

30.0

30.0

31.0

34.0

40.0

45.0

35.0

18.0f

30.0

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Rural Domestic and Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, Stalking and Child Abuse Enforcement Assistance (34 U.S.C. §12341)

Appropriation

35.0

40.0

42.0

43.5

45.0

48.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

Authorization of Appropriations

50.0

50.0

*

*

*

*

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Rural Violent Crime Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

7.0

8.0

8.0

7.0

7.0

3.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Service-Training-Officers-Prosecutors (STOP) Violence Against Women Formula Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446‒10451, 10261(a)(18))

Appropriation

215.0

215.0

215.0

215.0

215.0

217.0

255.0

245.0

245.0

247.0

Authorization of Appropriations

222.0

222.0

*

*

*

*

222.0

222.0

222.0

222.0

Services for Victims of Trafficking and Human Trafficking Investigations (22 U.S.C. §§7105 and 7110; 34 U.S.C. §§20702 and 20705)

Appropriation

45.0

77.0

85.0

85.0

85.0

88.0

95.0

88.0

88.0

83.5

Authorization of Appropriations (22 U.S.C. §§7105(f) and 7110(d)(3))

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

11.0

Authorization of Appropriations (22 U.S.C. §§7105(b) and 7110(d)(1))

11.0

77.0

77.0

77.0

77.0

*

*

*

*

*

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §20702)

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

*

*

*

*

*

Authorization of Appropriations (34 U.S.C. §20705)

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

*

*

*

*

*

Sex Offender Apprehension Grants (34 U.S.C. §10691)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Sex Offender Management Assistance Program (34 U.S.C. §20928)

Appropriation

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

19.0

19.0

18.0

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Sexual Assault Forensic Exam Program Grants (34 U.S.C. §40723)

Appropriation

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

5.0

4.0

4.0

4.0

Authorization of Appropriations

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

Sexual Assault Services Program (34 U.S.C. §12511)

Appropriation

35.0

35.0

37.5

38.0

41.0

54.0

78.5

78.5

78.5

79.5

Authorization of Appropriations

40.0

40.0

*

*

*

*

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Smart Policing (N/A)

Appropriation

5.0

5.0

7.5

7.5

8.0

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Smart Probation (N/A)

Appropriation

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Smart Prosecution (N/A)

Appropriation

2.5

2.5

8.0

8.0

8.0

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

State and Local Forensic Activities (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

19.0

19.0

15.0

20.0

15.0

15.0

6.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

State Criminal Alien Assistance Program (8 U.S.C. §1231(i))

Appropriation

210.0

240.0

243.5

244.0

244.0

234.0

234.0

234.0

234.0

202.5

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

State Grant Program for Training and Prosecution of Computer Crimes (34 U.S.C. §30101)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Support for Criminal Investigations and Prosecution by State, Local, and Tribal Law Enforcement Officials (34 U.S.C. §30503)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

5.0

13.0

25.0

17.0

17.0

17.0

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Support for Law Enforcement Officers and Families (34 U.S.C. §§10491‒10498, 10261(a)(21))

Appropriation

—

—

2.0

5.0

8.0

8.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

7.5

*

*

Training and Services to End Violence Against Women Later in Life (34 U.S.C. §12421)

Appropriation

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.5

7.5

9.0

9.0

9.0

9.0

Authorization of Appropriations

9.0

9.0

*

*

*

*

10.0

10.0

10.0

10.0

Transitional Housing Assistance Grants (34 U.S.C. §12351)

Appropriation

30.0

35.0

36.0

37.0

40.0

43.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

51.0

Authorization of Appropriations

35.0

35.0

*

*

*

*

35.0

35.0

35.0

35.0

Trauma-Informed, Victim-Centered Training for Law Enforcement Demonstration Program (34 U.S.C. §12513)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Authorization of Appropriations

^

^

^

^

^

^

5.0

5.0

5.0

5.0

Tribal Assistance (N/A)

Appropriation

0.0

35.0

37.5

38.0

46.0

50.0

60.0

50.0

50.0

48.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Tribal Courts Program (25 U.S.C. §3681)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Tribal Justice Training and Technical Assistance (25 U.S.C. §§3661‒3666)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Tribal Resources Grant Program (N/A)

Appropriation

—

30.0

27.0

27.0

29.5

31.5

34.0

34.0

34.0

32.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Tribal Special Assistant U.S. Attorneys (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

4.5

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Tribal Youth Program (N/A)

Appropriation

—

5.0

5.0

5.0

10.0

14.0

17.0

16.0

16.0

16.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

VALOR Initiative (N/A)

Appropriation

7.5

10.0

12.0

12.0

13.0

13.0

13.0

13.0

13.0

12.5

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Veterans Treatment Courts (N/A)

Appropriation

7.0

20.0

22.0

23.0

25.0

29.0

35.0

32.0

32.0

32.0

Authorization of Appropriationsq

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Victim Notification Systems (34 U.S.C. §20108)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Violent Offender Incarceration and Truth-in-Sentencing Incentive Grants (34 U.S.C. §§12101‒12108)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Virtual Training for Law Enforcement (N/A)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

5.0

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Weed and Seed (34 U.S.C. §§10103 and 10104)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Youth Mentoring Grants (N/A)

Appropriation

80.0

94.0

95.0

97.0

100.0

102.0

107.0

104.0

104.0

105.0

Authorization of Appropriations

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Youth Violence Reduction Demonstration Projects (34 U.S.C. §11313 note)

Appropriation

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Authorization of Appropriations

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

Source: Authorization of appropriations are based on a CRS review of statutory authorizations for DOJ grant programs in U.S. Code Title 34; Title 22, Chapter 78; Title 21, Chapter 13; Title 28, Chapters 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, and 40A; and Title 25, Chapters 15 and 38A. Appropriation amounts were taken from the text of the FY2017 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-31), FY2018 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 115-141), FY2019 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-6), FY2020 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 116-93), FY2021 appropriations act (P.L. 116-260), FY2022 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-103), FY2023 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 117-328), FY2024 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 118-42), year-long CR (P.L. 119-4) and DOJ's FY2026 budget summary, FY2026 CJS appropriations act (P.L. 119-74), CARES Act (P.L. 116-136), and Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (P.L. 117-159).

Notes: "SSAN" = such sums as necessary, "N/A" indicates that there is not an existing authorization for the grant program, a caret (^) indicates that there is a codified authorization for the program but appropriations had yet to be authorized for that fiscal year, an asterisk (*) indicates that authorized appropriations for the program had lapsed for that fiscal year after a prior authorization expired, an em dash (—) indicates that appropriations were not provided for that fiscal year.

a. The SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (P.L. 115-271) requires DOJ, starting with FY2019, to award funding appropriated for the COPS program for anti-methamphetamine task forces, but the act is not cited as the authorization for this program.

b. The SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (P.L. 115-271) requires DOJ, starting with FY2019, to award funding appropriated for the COPS program for anti-heroin task forces, but the act is not cited as the authorization for this program.

c. The authorization for this program along with the authorizations for the Youth Violence Reduction Demonstration Projects, Kids 2000 Crime Prevention and Computer Education Initiative, and the National Police Athletic League Youth Enrichment programs were originally codified as a note to 42 U.S.C. §13758. The authorization for the Boys and Girls Club of America program, unlike the authorizations for the other programs included as a note to 42 U.S.C. §13758, was not re-codified as a note to 34 U.S.C. §11313 when authorizations for DOJ grant programs were recodified and moved from Title 42 to Title 34 of the U.S. Code.

d. The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (BSCA, P.L. 117-159) amended the authorization for JAG (34 U.S.C. §10152(a)(1)), adding a new ninth program purpose area that allows funds to be used for state "crisis intervention court proceedings and related programs or initiatives," which can include drug, mental health, and veteran treatment courts, as well as extreme risk protection order programs. The BSCA did not explicitly authorize appropriations specifically for this program, but the act appropriated $150 million per fiscal year for FY2022-FY2026 for this purpose.

e. The annual appropriation for the COPS program includes funding for the COPS hiring program, the collaborative reform model, and community policing development.

f. Section 1301 of the Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 (P.L. 119-4) provided $2 billion for the State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance account. The act also set top-line funding for the JAG program at $499 million and eliminated two set-asides that were funded through the JAG program in FY2024 (the Byrne Discretionary Grant program and reimbursement for cities that hosted a presidential nominating convention). Per the act, all other grant programs under the State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance account were to be funded at the FY2024 enacted level. However, the total for all grant programs under the State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance account at the FY2024-enacted level plus the $499 million for JAG is $50 million more than the $2 billion provided for the State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance Account for FY2025. To account for this discrepancy, DOJ reported that it reduced FY2025 funding for the Community-based Approaches to Advancing Justice program (-$9 million); Economic, High Technology, and Internet Crime Prevention Grants (-$12 million); Grants to Law Enforcement for Investigation of Civil Rights Offenses (-$3 million); Jabara-Heyer NO HATE Act grants (-$9 million); and Residential Substance Abuse Treatment grants (-$17 million). See U.S. Department of Justice, Fiscal Year 2026 Budget and Performance Summary, June 13, 2025, pp. 27-30.

g. DOJ is authorized to use up to 4% of the funding appropriated for the Debbie Smith DNA Backlog Grant program (34 U.S.C. §40701) to be used for the purposes specified in the DNA Training and Education for Law Enforcement, Correctional Personnel, and Court Officers program (34 U.S.C. §40722).

h. The Strengthening State and Local Cyber Crime Fighting Act of 2017 (P.L. 115-76) authorized $13 million total in appropriations each fiscal year for FY2018-FY2022 for both the Local Law Enforcement Grants program (34 U.S.C. §30103) and the Prevention, Investigation, and Prosecution of White-Collar Crime Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10721‒10726).

i. The Daniel Anderl Judicial Security and Privacy Act of 2022 (Subtitle D, Title LIX of P.L. 117-263) authorizes DOJ to award grants under this program, but it did not explicitly authorize appropriations.

j. There is not an authorization of appropriations for the Grants to Indian Tribal Coalitions program. Rather, the program is funded via annual set-asides from the STOP (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446–10451, 10261(a)(18)) and Sexual Assault Services (34 U.S.C. §12511) programs.

k. There is not an authorization of appropriations for the Grants to Indian Tribal Governments program. Rather, the program is funded via annual set-asides from the STOP program (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446–10451, 10261(a)(18));Transitional Housing Assistance (34 U.S.C. §12351); Improving Criminal Justice Response and Protection Orders program (34 U.S.C. §§10461‒10465, 10261(a)(19)); Justice For Families program (34 U.S.C. §12464); Rural Sexual Assault, Domestic Violence, Dating Violence and Stalking Assistance program (34 U.S.C. §12341); Consolidated Grant Program to Address Children and Youth Experiencing Domestic and Sexual Assault and Engage Men and Boys as Allies (34 U.S.C. §§12451 and 12463); and Legal Assistance for Victims program (34 U.S.C. §20121).

l. There is not an authorization of appropriations for the Grants to State Coalitions program. Rather, the program is funded via annual set-asides from the STOP program (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446–10451, 10261(a)(18)).

m. The Jabara-Heyer NO HATE Act (P.L. 117-13) authorizes DOJ to award grants under this program, but it did not explicitly authorize appropriations.

n. Under the Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018 (P.L. 115-385), the authorization of appropriations for the JJDPA Title II and Title V programs are bundled, and the authorization of appropriations for those collective programs is $176 million each year from FY2019 to FY2023. In addition, the act specifies that of the funds appropriated under the collective $176 million authorization level, "not more than $96,053,401 shall be used to carry out title V each year."

o. Kristen's Act authorizes DOJ to use funds appropriated for the operationalization, maintenance, and expansion of NamUs for the purposes authorized by this program, but the act does not authorize appropriations specifically for this program.

p. The 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255) authorizes DOJ to award grants under this program, but it did not authorize appropriations.

q. The Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016 (CARA, P.L. 114-198) amended the authorization for the Adult and Juvenile Collaboration program (34 U.S.C. §10651) so that grants under the program can be used to support veterans treatment courts. CARA was not included in appropriations laws as a corresponding authorization for this appropriation.

Appendix C. Future Authorized Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs

Table C-1. Authorized Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs, by Program, FY2027-FY2031

(amounts in millions of dollars)

Program

FY2027

FY2028

FY2029

FY2030

FY2031

Adult and Juvenile Collaboration Program Grants (34 U.S.C. §10651)

54.0

*

*

*

*

Adult and Juvenile Offender Reentry Demonstration Program (34 U.S.C. §10631)

*

*

*

*

*

Assistance for Prosecution of Cases Cleared Though Use of DNA Backlog Clearance Funds (34 U.S.C. §20982)

*

*

*

*

*

Assistance for United States Citizens and Lawful Permanent Residents (22 U.S.C. §§7105(f) and 7110(d)(3))

11.0

11.0

*

*

*

Boys and Girls Club of America (none)a

*

*

*

*

*

Byrne State Crisis Intervention Program (34 U.S.C. §§10151‒10158)b

*

*

*

*

*

Capital Litigation Improvement Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §§60301‒60306)

*

*

*

*

*

Careers Training Demonstration Grants Program (34 U.S.C. §60511)

*

*

*

*

*

Child Abuse Training for Judicial Personnel and Practitioners (34 U.S.C. §§20331‒20334)

2.3

*

*

*

*

Children's Advocacy Centers and Related Training and Technical Assistance (34 U.S.C. §§20301‒20307)

40.0

40.0

*

*

*

Closed-Circuit Televising of Testimony of Children Who are Victims of Abuse (34 U.S.C. §§10331‒10337, 10261(a)(7))

*

*

*

*

*

Closing the Law Enforcement Consent Loophole Act of 2022 (34 U.S.C. §60106)

5.0

*

*

*

*

Community Oriented Policing Services (34 U.S.C. §§10381‒10389, 10261(a)(11))

*

*

*

*

*

Community-Based Justice Grants for Prosecutors (34 U.S.C. §§12221‒12227)

*

*

*

*

*

Community-Based Mentoring and Transitional Service Grants to Nonprofit Organizations Program (34 U.S.C. §60531)

*

*

*

*

*

Comprehensive Opioid Abuse Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §§10701‒10707, 10261(a)(27))

*

*

*

*

*

Correctional Facilities on Tribal Lands Program (34 U.S.C. §12109)

*

*

*

*

*

Correctional Options Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10171 and 10172)

*

*

*

*

*

Court Appointed Special Advocates (34 U.S.C. §§20321‒20324)

12.0

*

*

*

*

Creating Hope Through Outreach, Options, Services, and Education for Children and Youth (CHOOSE Children and Youth) (34 U.S.C. §12451)

30.0

*

*

*

*

Crime Identification Technology Act (CITA)/ National Criminal History Improvement Program (NCHIP) (34 U.S.C. §40301)

*

*

*

*

*

Crime-Free Rural State Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10641‒10644)

*

*

*

*

*

Crime Prevention Campaign Grant (34 U.S.C. §10191)

*

*

*

*

*

Criminal Child Support Enforcement (34 U.S.C. §§10361‒10367, 10261(a)(10))

*

*

*

*

*

Crisis Stabilization and Community Reentry Program (34 U.S.C. §§10751‒10755)

*

*

*

*

*

Debbie Smith DNA Backlog Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §40701)

151.0

151.0

151.0

*

*

Demonstration Projects to Clean-Up Illegal Drug Laboratories (21 U.S.C. §801 note)

*

*

*

*

*

Disposition Records Automation and Transmittal Improvement Grants (34 U.S.C. §40941)

*

*

*

*

*

DNA Identification Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10511‒10517, 10261(a)(22))

*

*

*

*

*

DNA Identification of Missing Persons (34 U.S.C. §40726)

*

*

*

*

*

DNA Research and Development Grants (34 U.S.C. §40724)

*

*

*

*

*

DNA Training and Education for Law Enforcement, Correctional Personnel, and Court Officers (34 U.S.C. §40722)

*

*

*

*

*

Drug Courts (34 U.S.C. §§10611‒10619, 10261(a)(25))

*

*

*

*

*

Education, Training, and Enhanced Services to End Violence Against and Abuse of Individuals with Disabilities and Deaf People (34 U.S.C. §20122)

15.0

*

*

*

*

Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) Program (34 U.S.C. §§10151‒10158)

*

*

*

*

*

Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance (34 U.S.C. §§50101‒50112)

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

Enhancing Culturally Specific Services for Victims of Domestic and Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, and Stalking (34 U.S.C. §20124)

25.0

*

*

*

*

Enhancing State and Local Efforts to Combat Trafficking in Persons (34 U.S.C. §20705)

*

*

*

*

*

Family Unity Demonstration Projects (34 U.S.C. §§12251‒12253)

*

*

*

*

*

Firearm Eligibility Determination Assistance to States (34 U.S.C. §40913)

*

*

*

*

*

First Responder Assistance Grants (28 U.S.C. §509 note)

*

*

*

*

*

Funding for the Improvement of Criminal Records (34 U.S.C. §40302)

200.0

200.0

200.0

200.0

200.0

Gang Resistance Education and Training (34 U.S.C. §12281)

*

*

*

*

*

Grant for a National Resource Center on Cybercrimes Against Individuals (34 U.S.C. §30108)

4.0

*

*

*

*

Grant for National Resource Center on Workplace Responses to Assist Victims of Domestic and Sexual Violence (34 U.S.C. §12501)

2.0

*

*

*

*

Grant Program for Drug Endangered Children (34 U.S.C. §10663)

*

*

*

*

*

Grant Program for Expanding Big Brothers Big Sisters Mentoring Program (34 U.S.C. §11111 note)

*

*

*

*

*

Grant Program for Support of AMBER Alert Communications Plans (34 U.S.C. §20504)

*

*

*

*

*

Grant Program to Combat Hate Crimes Committed by Juveniles (34 U.S.C. §30504)

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

Grant Program to Develop, Expand, and Strengthen Assistance Programs for Certain Persons Subject to Trafficking (34 U.S.C. §20702)

*

*

*

*

*

Grant Program to Evaluate and Improve Educational Methods at Prisons, Jails, and Juvenile Facilities (34 U.S.C. §10741)

*

*

*

*

*

Grant Program to Prevent Disclosure of Personal Information of At-Risk Individuals or Immediate Family Members (front matter to Part III of Title 28 of the U.S. Code)c

^

^

^

^

^

Grants for Family-Based Substance Abuse Treatment Program (34 U.S.C. §§10591‒10596)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for Fingerprinting Programs for Children (34 U.S.C. §20984)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for Online Child Safety Program (34 U.S.C. §20987)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for Outreach to Underserved Populations (34 U.S.C. §20123)

6.0

*

*

*

*

Grants for Specialized Human Trafficking Training and Technical Assistance for Service Providers (34 U.S.C. §20708)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for State Law Enforcement Technology Upgrades (28 U.S.C. §531 note)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for the Diversion of Controlled Substances (21 U.S.C. §873)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants for Tribal Special Criminal Jurisdiction (25 U.S.C. §1304)

25.0

*

*

*

*

Grants for Young Witness Assistance (34 U.S.C. §20143)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to Address Methamphetamine Use by Pregnant and Parenting Offenders (34 U.S.C. §10664)

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

Grants to Address Public Safety and Methamphetamine Manufacturing, Sale, and Use in Hot-spots (34 U.S.C. §§10661 and 10662)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to Combat Sexual Abuse of Children (34 U.S.C. §20983)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to Combat Violence Against Women in Public and Assisted Housing (34 U.S.C. §12475)

4.0

*

*

*

*

Grants to Combat Violent Crimes on Campuses (34 U.S.C. §20125)

15.0

*

*

*

*

Grants to Develop Field Tests for the Presence of Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid (21 U.S.C. §801 note)

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

SSAN

Grants to Improve the Criminal Justice Response and the Enforcement of Protection Orders (34 U.S.C. §§10461‒10465, 10261(a)(19))

73.0

*

*

*

*

Grants to Indian Tribal Coalitions (34 U.S.C. §§10441(d) and 10446(b))d

^

^

^

^

^

Grants to Indian Tribal Governments (34 U.S.C. §10452)e

^

^

^

^

^

Grants to Keep Young Athletes Safe (36 U.S.C. §220531)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to Law Enforcement for Investigation of Civil Rights Offenses (28 U.S.C. §509 note)

2.0

*

*

*

*

Grants to Protect Inmates and Safeguard Communities (34 U.S.C. §30305)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to Protect the Privacy and Confidentiality of Victims of Domestic Violence, Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, and Stalking (34 U.S.C. §§12441‒12444)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to State and Tribal Courts to Implement Protection Order Pilot Program (34 U.S.C. §10462a)

10.0

*

*

*

*

Grants to State Coalitions (34 U.S.C. §§10441(c) and 10446(b))f

^

^

^

^

^

Grants to States for Threat Assessment Databases (34 U.S.C. §41508)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to States to Implement DNA Arrestee Collection Processes (34 U.S.C. §§40741‒40744)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to Study Parole or Post-Incarceration Supervision Violations and Revocations (34 U.S.C. §60552)

*

*

*

*

*

Grants to Support Families in the Justice System (34 U.S.C. §12464)

22.0

*

*

*

*

Incentives for States to Create Sexual Assault Survivors' Bills of Rights (34 U.S.C §10441 note)

20.0

*

*

*

*

Internet Crimes Against Children (ICAC) Task Forces (34 U.S.C. §§21116 and 21117)

60.0

60.0

*

*

*

Jabara-Heyer NO HATE Act (34 U.S.C. §30507)g

^

^

^

^

^

Jennifer's Law (34 U.S.C. §§40501‒40503)

^

^

^

^

^

Jessica Lunsford Address Verification Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §20988)

*

*

*

*

*

Jimmy Ryce State Civil Commitment Programs for Sexually Dangerous Persons (34 U.S.C. §20971)

*

*

*

*

*

JJDPA, Title II, Part A: Coordination (34 U.S.C. §§11111‒11117, 11321)

*

*

*

*

*

JJDPA Title II, Part B: State Formula Grants (34 U.S.C. §§11131‒11133, 11321)

*

*

*

*

*

JJDPA, Title II, Part D: Research and Development (34 U.S.C. §§11161‒11162, 11321)

*

*

*

*

*

JJDPA, Title II, Part E: Challenge Grants (34 U.S.C. §§11171‒11174, 11321)

*

*

*

*

*

JJDPA Title V (34 U.S.C. §§11311‒11314, 11321)

*

*

*

*

*

John R. Justice Student Loan Repayment Program (34 U.S.C. §10671)

*

*

*

*

*

Juvenile Accountability Block Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §§10401‒10410)

*

*

*

*

*

Juvenile Sex Offender Treatment Grants (34 U.S.C. §10692)

*

*

*

*

*

Keeping Children Safe From Family Violence Act or Kayden's Law (34 U.S.C. §10446(k))

5.0

*

*

*

*

Kids 2000 Crime Prevention and Computer Education Initiative (34 U.S.C. §11313 note)

*

*

*

*

*

Kirk Bloodsworth Post-Conviction DNA Testing Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §40727)

*

*

*

*

*

Kristen's Act Grants (34 U.S.C. §40504)h

*

*

*

*

*

Law Enforcement Scholarship Program (34 U.S.C. §§12571‒12578)

*

*

*

*

*

Law Enforcement Training Programs (34 U.S.C. §§10159 and 10381(o))

*

*

*

*

*

Legal Assistance for Victims Improvement Grants (34 U.S.C. §20121)

60.0

*

*

*

*

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Specific Services Program (34 U.S.C. §20129)

8.0

*

*

*

*

Local Law Enforcement Grants (34 U.S.C. §30103)

*

*

*

*

*

Local Law Enforcement Grants for the Prevention of Cybercrime (34 U.S.C. §30107)

10.0

*

*

*

*

Matching Grant Program for School Security (34 U.S.C. §§10551‒10556)

100.0

100.0

*

*

*

Mental Health Courts (34 U.S.C. §§10471‒10479, 10261(a)(20))

*

*

*

*

*

Missing Americans Alert Program (34 U.S.C. §12621)

2.0

*

*

*

*

Missing and Exploited Children's Program (34 U.S.C. §§11291‒11298)

49.3

49.3

*

*

*

Model Intensive Grant Programs (34 U.S.C. §§12141‒12146)

*

*

*

*

*

National Criminal Justice and Mental Health Training and Technical Assistance (34 U.S.C. §10652)i

^

^

^

^

^

National Police Athletic League Youth Enrichment (34 U.S.C. §11313 note)

*

*

*

*

*

National Stalker and Domestic Violence Reduction (34 U.S.C. §§12401‒12410)

3.0

*

*

*

*

National Training Program for State and Local Prosecutors (34 U.S.C. §10121 note)

*

*

*

*

*

National Tribal Sex Offender and Protection Order Registry (34 U.S.C. §20903)

*

*

*

*

*

Offender Reentry Substance Abuse and Criminal Justice Collaboration Program (34 U.S.C. §60521)

*

*

*

*

*

Ounce of Prevention Grants (34 U.S.C. §§12131‒12133)

*

*

*

*

*

Patrick Leahy Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §§10531‒10534, 10261(a)(23))

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

30.0

Paul Coverdell Forensic Sciences Improvement Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10561‒10566, 10261(a)(24))

*

*

*

*

*

Pilot Program for Monitoring Sexual Offenders (34 U.S.C. §20981)

*

*

*

*

*

Pilot Program for Restorative Practices (34 U.S.C. §12514)

SSAN

*

*

*

*

Police Corps (34 U.S.C. §§12551‒12559)

*

*

*

*

*

Police Recruitment (34 U.S.C. §12171)

*

*

*

*

*

Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Tuberculosis in Correctional Institutions (34 U.S.C. §12271)

*

*

*

*

*

Prevention, Investigation, and Prosecution of White-Collar Crime Grants (34 U.S.C. §§10721‒10726)

*

*

*

*

*

Project Safe Neighborhoods (34 U.S.C. §§60701‒60705)

*

*

*

*

*

Protection and Services for Victims of Trafficking (22 U.S.C. §§7105(b) and 7110(d)(1))

*

*

*

*

*

Rape Survivor Child Custody Act (34 U.S.C. §21301‒21308)

5.0

*

*

*

*

Rape, Abuse, and Incest National Network (34 U.S.C. §20985)

3.0

*

*

*

*

Regional Information Sharing System (34 U.S.C. §10321)

*

*

*

*

*

Reporting Child Abuse Crime Information (34 U.S.C. §40103)

*

*

*

*

*

Residential Substance Abuse Treatment (34 U.S.C. §§10421‒10426, 10261(a)(17))

*

*

*

*

*

Rural Domestic and Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, Stalking and Child Abuse Enforcement Assistance (34 U.S.C. §12341)

100.0

*

*

*

*

Saving Money and Reducing Tragedies Through Prevention (SMART Prevention) (34 U.S.C. §12463)

20.0

*

*

*

*

Service-Training-Officers-Prosecutors (STOP) Violence Against Women Formula Grant Program (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446‒10451, 10261(a)(18))

222.0

*

*

*

*

Sex Offender Apprehension Grants (34 U.S.C. §10691)

*

*

*

*

*

Sex Offender Management Assistance Program (34 U.S.C. §20928)

*

*

*

*

*

Sexual Assault Forensic Exam Program Grants (34 U.S.C. §40723)

30.0

*

*

*

*

Sexual Assault Services Program (34 U.S.C. §12511)

100.0

*

*

*

*

State Criminal Alien Assistance Program (8 U.S.C. §1231(i))

*

*

*

*

*

State Grant Program for Training and Prosecution of Computer Crimes (34 U.S.C. §30101)

*

*

*

*

*

Support for Criminal Investigations and Prosecution by State, Local, and Tribal Law Enforcement Officials (34 U.S.C. §30503)

*

*

*

*

*

Support for Law Enforcement Officers and Families (34 U.S.C. §§10491‒10498, 10261(a)(21))

*

*

*

*

*

Training and Services to End Violence Against Women Later in Life (34 U.S.C. §12421)

10.0

*

*

*

*

Transitional Housing Assistance Grants (34 U.S.C. §12351)

35.0

*

*

*

*

Trauma-Informed, Victim-Centered Training for Law Enforcement Demonstration Program (34 U.S.C. §12513)

5.0

*

*

*

*

Tribal Courts Program (25 U.S.C. §3681)

*

*

*

*

*

Tribal Justice Training and Technical Assistance (25 U.S.C. §§3661‒3666)

*

*

*

*

*

Victim Notification Systems (34 U.S.C. §20108)

*

*

*

*

*

Violent Offender Incarceration and Truth-in-Sentencing Incentive Grants (34 U.S.C. §§12101‒12108)

*

*

*

*

*

Weed and Seed (34 U.S.C. §§10103 and 10104)

*

*

*

*

*

Youth Violence Reduction Demonstration Projects (34 U.S.C. §11313 note)

*

*

*

*

*

Source: Authorization of appropriations are based on a CRS review of statutory authorizations for DOJ grant programs in U.S. Code Title 34; Title 22, Chapter 78; Title 21, Chapter 13; Title 28, Chapters 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, and 40A; and Title 25, Chapters 15 and 38A.

Notes: "SSAN" = such sums as necessary, a caret (^) indicates that there is a codified authorization for the program but appropriations have yet to be authorized for that fiscal year, an asterisk (*) indicates that appropriations have been authorized in a previous fiscal year and that the authorization of appropriations has lapsed or is not in effect for that fiscal year.

a. The authorization for this program along with the authorizations for the Youth Violence Reduction Demonstration Projects, Kids 2000 Crime Prevention and Computer Education Initiative, and the National Police Athletic League Youth Enrichment programs were originally codified as a note to 42 U.S.C. §13758. The authorization for the Boys and Girls Club of America program, unlike the authorizations for the other programs included as a note to 42 U.S.C. §13758, was not re-codified as a note to 34 U.S.C. §11313 when authorizations for DOJ grant program were recodified and moved from Title 42 to Title 34 of the U.S. Code.

b. The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (BSCA, P.L. 117-159) amended the authorization for JAG (34 U.S.C. §10152(a)(1)), adding a new ninth program purpose area that allows funds to be used for state "crisis intervention court proceedings and related programs or initiatives," which can include drug, mental health, and veteran treatment courts, as well as extreme risk protection order programs. The BSCA did not explicitly authorize appropriations specifically for this program, but the act appropriated $150 million per fiscal year for FY2022-FY2026 for this purpose.

c. The Daniel Anderl Judicial Security and Privacy Act of 2022 (Subtitle D, Title LIX of P.L. 117-263) authorizes DOJ to award grants under this program, but it did not explicitly authorize appropriations.

d. There is not an authorization of appropriations for the Grants to Indian Tribal Coalitions program. Rather, the program is funded via annual set-asides from the STOP (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446–10451, 10261(a)(18)) and Sexual Assault Services (34 U.S.C. §12511) programs.

e. There is not an authorization of appropriations for the Grants to Indian Tribal Governments program. Rather, the program is funded via annual set-asides from the STOP program (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446–10451, 10261(a)(18)); Transitional Housing Assistance (34 U.S.C. §12351); Improving Criminal Justice Response and Protection Orders program (34 U.S.C. §§10461‒10465, 10261(a)(19)); Justice For Families Program (34 U.S.C. §12464); Rural Sexual Assault, Domestic Violence, Dating Violence and Stalking Assistance program (34 U.S.C. §12341); Consolidated Grant Program to Address Children and Youth Experiencing Domestic and Sexual Assault and Engage Men and Boys as Allies (34 U.S.C. §§12451 and 12463); and Legal Assistance for Victims program (34 U.S.C. §20121).

f. There is not an authorization of appropriations for the Grants to State Coalitions program. Rather, the program is funded via annual set-asides from the STOP program (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446–10451, 10261(a)(18)).

g. The Jabara-Heyer NO HATE Act (P.L. 117-13) authorizes DOJ to award grants under this program, but it did not explicitly authorize appropriations.

h. Kristen's Act authorizes DOJ to use funds appropriated for the operationalization, maintenance, and expansion of NamUs for the purposes authorized by this program, but the act does not authorize appropriations specifically for this program.

i. The 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255) authorizes DOJ to award grants under this program, but it did not explicitly authorize appropriations.

Appendix D. Authorization History for DOJ Grant Programs

Table D-1. Public Laws that Authorized Appropriations for DOJ Grant Programs and the Fiscal Years of Authorized Appropriations

Program

Authorization

Public Law

Fiscal Years Authorized

Adult and Juvenile Collaboration Program Grants

34 U.S.C. §10651

P.L. 108-414

FY2005-FY2009

P.L. 110-416

FY2009-FY2014

P.L. 114-255

FY2017-FY2021

P.L. 117-170

FY2023-FY2027

Adult and Juvenile Offender Reentry Demonstration Program

34 U.S.C. §10631

P.L. 107-273

FY2003-FY2005

P.L. 110-199

FY2009-FY2010

P.L. 115-391

FY2019-FY2023

Assistance for Prosecution of Cases Cleared Though Use of DNA Backlog Clearance Funds

34 U.S.C. §20982

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2011

Assistance for United States Citizens and Lawful Permanent Residents

22 U.S.C. §§7105(f) and 7110(d)(3)

P.L. 110-457

FY2008-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2017

P.L. 115-393

FY2018-FY2021

P.L. 117-347

FY2022-FY2027

P.L. 117-348

FY2023-FY2028

Boys and Girls Club of America

Nonea

P.L. 104-294

FY1997-FY2000

P.L. 107-273

FY2002-FY2005

P.L. 108-344

FY2006-FY2010

Byrne State Crisis Intervention Program

34 U.S.C. §§10151‒10158

P.L. 117-159

FY2022-FY2026

Capital Litigation Improvement Grant Program

34 U.S.C. §§60301‒60306

P.L. 108-405

FY2005-FY2009

P.L. 114-324

FY2017-FY2021

Careers Training Demonstration Grants Program

34 U.S.C. §60511

P.L. 110-199

FY2009-FY2010

P.L. 115-391

FY2019-FY2023

Child Abuse Training for Judicial Personnel and Practitioners

34 U.S.C. §§20331‒20334

P.L. 101-647

FY1991-FY1994

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

P.L. 106-386

FY2001-FY2005

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Children's Advocacy Centers and Related Training and Technical Assistance

34 U.S.C. §§20301–20307

P.L. 101-647

FY1991-FY1993

P.L. 102-586

FY1993-FY1996

P.L. 104-235

FY1997-FY2000

P.L. 108-21

FY2004-FY2005

P.L. 113-163

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 115-424

FY2019-FY2023

P.L. 117-354

FY2022-FY2028

Closed-Circuit Televising of Testimony of Children Who are Victims of Abuse

34 U.S.C. §§10331‒10337, 10261(a)(7)

P.L. 101-647

FY1991-FY1993

P.L. 102-534

FY1994

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

P.L. 106-386

FY2001-FY2005

Closing the Law Enforcement Consent Loophole Act of 2022

34 U.S.C. §60106

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Community Oriented Policing Services

34 U.S.C. §§10381‒10389, 10261(a)(11)

P.L. 103-322

FY1995-FY2000

P.L. 109-162

FY2006-FY2009

Community-Based Justice Grants for Prosecutors

34 U.S.C. §§12221‒12227

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

P.L. 110-177

FY2008-FY2012

Community-Based Mentoring and Transitional Service Grants to Nonprofit Organizations Program

34 U.S.C. §60531

P.L. 110-199

FY2009-FY2010

P.L. 115-391

FY2019-FY2023

Comprehensive Opioid Abuse Grant Program

34 U.S.C. §§10701‒10707, 10261(a)(27)

P.L. 114-198

FY2017-FY2021

P.L. 115-271

FY2019-FY2023

Correctional Facilities on Tribal Lands Program

34 U.S.C. §12109

P.L. 104-134

FY1996-FY2000

P.L. 111-211

FY2011-FY2015

Correctional Options Grants

34 U.S.C. §§10171 and 10172

P.L. 101-647

FY1991-FY1992

P.L. 102-534

FY1993-FY1994

P.L. 103-322

FY1995

Court Appointed Special Advocates

34 U.S.C. §§20321‒20324

P.L. 101-647

FY1991-FY1994

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

P.L. 106-386

FY2001-FY2005

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Creating Hope Through Outreach, Options, Services, and Education for Children and Youth (CHOOSE Children and Youth)

34 U.S.C. §12451

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 115-393

FY2019-FY2022

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Crime Identification Technology Act (CITA)/ National Criminal History Improvement Program (NCHIP)

34 U.S.C. §40301

P.L. 105-251

FY1999-FY2003

P.L. 107-56

FY2002-FY2007

P.L. 115-141

FY2018-FY2022

Crime-Free Rural State Grants

34 U.S.C. §§10641‒10644

P.L. 107-273

FY2003-FY2005

Crime Prevention Campaign Grant

34 U.S.C. §10191

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2010

Criminal Child Support Enforcement

34 U.S.C. §§10361‒10367, 10261(a)(10)

P.L. 102-521

FY1994-FY1996

Crisis Stabilization and Community Reentry Program

34 U.S.C. §§10751‒10755

P.L. 116-281

FY2021-FY2025

Debbie Smith DNA Backlog Grant Program

34 U.S.C. §40701

P.L. 108-405

FY2005-FY2009

P.L. 110-360

FY2010-FY2014

P.L. 113-182

FY2015-FY2019

P.L. 116-104

FY2020-FY2024

P.L. 118-72

FY2025-FY2029

Demonstration Projects to Clean-Up Illegal Drug Laboratories

21 U.S.C. §801 note

P.L. 100-690

FY1989

Disposition Records Automation and Transmittal Improvement Grants

34 U.S.C. §40941

P.L. 110-180

FY2009-FY2013

DNA Identification Grants

34 U.S.C. §§10511‒10517, 10261(a)(22)

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

DNA Identification of Missing Persons

34 U.S.C. §40726

P.L. 108-405

FY2005-FY2009

P.L. 114-324

FY2017-FY2021

DNA Research and Development Grants

34 U.S.C. §40724

P.L. 108-405

FY2005-FY2009

P.L. 114-324

FY2017-FY2021

DNA Training and Education for Law Enforcement, Correctional Personnel, and Court Officers

34 U.S.C. §40722

P.L. 108-405

FY2005-FY2009

P.L. 110-360

FY2009-FY2014

P.L. 113-182

FY2015-FY2019

P.L. 116-104

FY2019-FY2024

Drug Courts

34 U.S.C. §§10611‒10619, 10261(a)(25)

P.L. 107-273

FY2002-FY2005

P.L. 109-177

FY2006

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2008

P.L. 115-271

FY2018-FY2023

Education, Training, and Enhanced Services to End Violence Against and Abuse of Individuals with Disabilities and Deaf People

34 U.S.C. §20122

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) Program

34 U.S.C. §§10151‒10158

P.L. 109-162

FY2006-FY2009

P.L. 110-294

FY2009-FY2012

Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance

34 U.S.C. §§50101‒50112

P.L. 98-473b

FY1985-FY2015

P.L. 98-473

FY2023-indefinite

Enhancing Culturally Specific Services for Victims of Domestic and Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, and Stalking

34 U.S.C. §20124

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Enhancing State and Local Efforts to Combat Trafficking in Persons

34 U.S.C. §20705

P.L. 109-164

FY2006-FY2007

P.L. 110-457

FY2008-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2017

P.L. 115-393

FY2017-FY2021

Family Unity Demonstration Projects

34 U.S.C. §§12251‒12253

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

Firearm Eligibility Determination Assistance to States

34 U.S.C. §40913

P.L. 110-180

FY2009-FY2013

P.L. 115-141

FY2018-FY2022

First Responder Assistance Grants

28 U.S.C. §509 note

P.L. 107-56

FY2003-FY2007

Funding for the Improvement of Criminal Records

34 U.S.C. §40302

P.L. 103-159

FY1994-indefinite

Gang Resistance Education and Training

34 U.S.C. §12281

P.L. 103-322

FY1995-FY2000

P.L. 109-162

FY2006-FY2010

Grant for a National Resource Center on Cybercrimes Against Individuals

34 U.S.C. §30108

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Grant for a National Resource Center on Workplace Responses to Assist Victims of Domestic and Sexual Violence

34 U.S.C. §12501

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Grant Program for Drug Endangered Children

34 U.S.C. §10663

P.L. 109-177

FY2008-FY2009

Grant Program for Expanding Big Brothers Big Sisters Mentoring Program

34 U.S.C. §11111 note

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2011

Grant Program for Support of AMBER Alert Communications Plans

34 U.S.C. §20504

P.L. 108-21

FY2004

P.L. 115-166

FY2019

Grant Program to Combat Hate Crimes Committed by Juveniles

34 U.S.C. §30504

P.L. 111-84

Indefinite

Grant Program to Develop, Expand, and Strengthen Assistance Programs for Certain Persons Subject to Trafficking

34 U.S.C. §20702

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2017

P.L. 115-393

FY2018-FY2021

Grant Program to Evaluate and Improve Educational Methods at Prisons, Jails, and Juvenile Facilities

34 U.S.C. §10741

P.L. 110-199

FY2009-FY2010

P.L. 115-391

FY2019-FY2023

Grant Program to Prevent Disclosure of Personal Information of At-Risk Individuals or Immediate Family Members

Front matter to Part III of Title 28 of the U.S. Code

P.L. 117-263

N/Ac

Grants for Family-Based Substance Abuse Treatment Program

34 U.S.C. §§10591-10596

P.L. 110-199

FY2009-FY2010

P.L. 115-391

FY2019-FY2023

Grants for Fingerprinting Programs for Children

34 U.S.C. §20984

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2011

Grants for Online Child Safety Program

34 U.S.C. §20987

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2011

Grants for Outreach to Underserved Populations

34 U.S.C. §20123

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Grants for Specialized Human Trafficking Training and Technical Assistance for Service Providers

34 U.S.C. §20708

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

Grants for State Law Enforcement Technology Upgrades

28 U.S.C. §531 note

P.L. 104-132

FY1997-FY2000

Grants for the Diversion of Controlled Substances

21 U.S.C. §873

P.L. 98-473

FY1985-FY1986

Grants for Tribal Special Criminal Jurisdiction

25 U.S.C. §1304

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Grants for Young Witness Assistance

34 U.S.C. §20143

P.L. 109-162

FY2006-FY2009

Grants to Address Methamphetamine Use by Pregnant and Parenting Offenders

34 U.S.C. §10664

P.L. 109-177

Indefinite

Grants to Address Public Safety and Methamphetamine Manufacturing, Sale, and Use in Hot-spots

34 U.S.C. §§10661 and 10662

P.L. 109-177

FY2006-FY2010

Grants to Combat Sexual Abuse of Children

34 U.S.C. §20983

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2009

Grants to Combat Violence Against Women in Public and Assisted Housing

34 U.S.C. §12475

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Grants to Combat Violent Crimes on Campuses

34 U.S.C. §20125

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Grants to Develop Field Tests for the Presence of Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid

21 U.S.C. §801 note

P.L. 106-172

Indefinite

Grants to Improve the Criminal Justice Response and the Enforcement of Protection Orders

34 U.S.C. §§10461‒10465, 10261(a)(19)

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY1998

P.L. 106-386

FY2001-FY2005

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Grants to Indian Tribal Coalitions

34 U.S.C. §§10441(d) and 10446(b)

P.L. 108-405

N/Ad

Grants to Indian Tribal Governments

34 U.S.C. §10452

P.L. 109-162

N/Ae

Grants to Keep Young Athletes Safe

36 U.S.C. §220531

P.L. 115-141

FY2018-FY2022

Grants to Law Enforcement for Investigation of Civil Rights Offenses

28 U.S.C. §509 note

P.L. 110-344

FY2008-FY2017

P.L. 114-325

FY2017-FY2027

Grants to Protect Inmates and Safeguard Communities

34 U.S.C §30305

P.L. 108-79

FY2004-FY2010

Grants to Protect the Privacy and Confidentiality of Victims of Domestic Violence, Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, and Stalking

34 U.S.C. §§12441‒12444

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

Grants to State and Tribal Courts to Implement Protection Order Pilot Program

34 U.S.C. §10462a

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Grants to State Coalitions

34 U.S.C. §§10441(c) and 10446(b)

P.L. 106-386

N/Af

Grants to States for Threat Assessment Databases

34 U.S.C. §41508

P.L. 110-177

FY2008-FY2011

Grants to States to Implement DNA Arrestee Collection Processes

34 U.S.C. §§40741‒40744

P.L. 112-253

FY2013-FY2015

Grants to Study Parole or Post-Incarceration Supervision Violations and Revocations

34 U.S.C. §60552

P.L. 110-199

FY2009-FY2010

P.L. 115-391

FY2019-FY2023

Grants to Support Families in the Justice System

34 U.S.C. §12464

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Incentives for States to Create Sexual Assault Survivors' Bills of Rights

34 U.S.C. §10441 note

P.L. 117-263

FY2023-FY2027

Internet Crimes Against Children (ICAC) Task Forces

34 U.S.C. §§21116 and 21117

P.L. 110-401

FY2009-FY2013

P.L. 112-206

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 115-82

FY2018-FY2022

P.L. 117-262

FY2022-FY2024

P.L. 119-60

FY2026-FY2028

Jabara-Heyer NO HATE Act

34 U.S.C. §30507

P.L. 117-13

N/Ag

Jennifer's Law

34 U.S.C. §§40501‒40503

P.L. 106-177

FY2000-FY2002

Jessica Lunsford Address Verification Grant Program

34 U.S.C. §20988

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2009

Jimmy Ryce State Civil Commitment Programs for Sexually Dangerous Persons

34 U.S.C. §20971

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2010

JJDPA, Title II, Part A: Coordination

34 U.S.C. §§11111‒11117, 11321

P.L. 93-415

FY1975-FY1977

P.L. 107-273

FY2002-FY2008

P.L. 115-385

FY2019-FY2023

JJDPA Title II, Part B: State Formula Grants

34 U.S.C. §§11131‒11133, 11321

P.L. 93-415

FY1975-FY1977

P.L. 107-273

FY2002-FY2008

P.L. 115-385

FY2019-FY2023

JJDPA, Title II, Part D: Research and Development

34 U.S.C. §§11161‒11162, 11321

P.L. 107-273

FY2002-FY2008

P.L. 115-385

FY2019-FY2023

JJDPA, Title II, Part E: Challenge Grants

34 U.S.C. §§11171 – 11174, 11321

P.L. 107-273

FY2002-FY2008

P.L. 115-385

FY2019-FY2023

JJDPA Title V

34 U.S.C. §§11311‒11314, 11321

P.L. 102-586

FY1994-FY1996

P.L. 107-273

FY2004-FY2008

P.L. 115-385

FY2019-FY2023

John R. Justice Student Loan Repayment Program

34 U.S.C. §10671

P.L. 110-315

FY2009-FY2014

Juvenile Accountability Block Grant Program

34 U.S.C. §§10401‒10410

P.L. 107-273

FY2002-FY2005

P.L. 109-162

FY2006-FY2009

Juvenile Sex Offender Treatment Grants

34 U.S.C. §10692

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2009

Keeping Children Safe from Family Violence Act or Kayden's Law

34 U.S.C. §10446(k)

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Kids 2000 Crime Prevention and Computer Education Initiative

34 U.S.C. §11313 note

P.L. 106-313

FY2001-FY2006

Kirk Bloodsworth Post-Conviction DNA Testing Grant Program

34 U.S.C. §40727

P.L. 108-405

FY2005-FY2009

P.L. 114-324

FY2017-FY2021

Kristen's Act Grants

34 U.S.C. §40504

P.L. 106-468

N/A

P.L. 115-401

N/Ah

Law Enforcement Scholarship Program

34 U.S.C. §§12571‒12578

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

Law Enforcement Training Programs

34 U.S.C. §§10159 and 10381(o)

P.L. 117-325

FY2023-FY2026

Legal Assistance for Victims Improvement Grants

34 U.S.C. §20121

P.L. 106-386

FY2001-FY2005

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Specific Services Program

34 U.S.C. §20129

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Local Law Enforcement Grants

34 U.S.C. §30103

P.L. 110-403

FY2009-FY2013

P.L. 115-76

FY2018-FY2022

Local Law Enforcement Grants for the Prevention of Cybercrime

34 U.S.C. §30107

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Matching Grant Program for School Security

34 U.S.C. §§10551‒10556

P.L. 106-386

FY2001-FY2003

P.L. 109-162

FY2006-FY2009

P.L. 115-141

FY2019-FY2028

Mental Health Courts

34 U.S.C. §§10471‒10479, 10261(a)(20)

P.L. 106-515

FY2001-FY2004

Missing Americans Alert Program

34 U.S.C. §12621

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY1998

P.L. 115-141

FY2018-FY2022

P.L. 117-263

FY2023-FY2027

Missing and Exploited Children's Program

34 U.S.C. §§11291‒11298

P.L. 98-473

FY1985-FY1988

P.L. 101-690

FY1989-FY1992

P.L. 102-586

FY1993-FY1996

P.L. 104-235

FY1997-FY2001

P.L. 106-71

FY2000-FY2003

P.L. 108-21

FY2004-FY2005

P.L. 108-96

FY2004-FY2008

P.L. 110-240

FY2008-FY2013

P.L. 113-38

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 115-267

FY2018-FY2023

P.L. 118-65

FY2024-FY2028

Model Intensive Grant Programs

34 U.S.C. §§12141‒12146

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

National Criminal Justice and Mental Health Training and Technical Assistance

34 U.S.C. §10652

P.L. 114-255

N/Ai

National Police Athletic League Youth Enrichment

34 U.S.C. §11313 note

P.L. 106-367

FY2001-FY2005

P.L. 109-248

FY2006-FY2010

National Stalker and Domestic Violence Reduction

34 U.S.C. §§12401‒12410

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY1998

P.L. 106-386

FY2001-FY2005

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

National Training Program for State and Local Prosecutors

34 U.S.C. §10121 note

P.L. 110-424

FY2009-FY2012

National Tribal Sex Offender and Protection Order Registry

34 U.S.C. §20903

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

Offender Reentry Substance Abuse and Criminal Justice Collaboration Program

34 U.S.C. §60521

P.L. 110-199

FY2009-FY2010

P.L. 115-391

FY2019-FY2023

Ounce of Prevention Grants

34 U.S.C. §§12131‒12133

P.L. 103-322

FY1995-FY2000

Patrick Leahy Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Program

34 U.S.C. §§10531‒10534, 10261(a)(23)

P.L. 105-181

FY1999-FY2001

P.L. 106-517

FY2002-FY2004

P.L. 108-372

FY2005-FY2007

P.L. 109-162

FY2008-FY2009

P.L. 110-421

FY2010-FY2012

P.L. 114-155

FY2016-FY2020

P.L. 116-18

FY2020-indefinite

Paul Coverdell Forensic Sciences Improvement Grants

34 U.S.C. §§10561‒10566, 10261(a)(24)

P.L. 106-561

FY2001-FY2006

P.L. 108-405

FY2007-FY2009

P.L. 114-324

FY2017-FY2012

Pilot Program for Monitoring Sexual Offenders

34 U.S.C. §20981

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2009

Pilot Program for Restorative Practices

34 U.S.C. §12514

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Police Corps

34 U.S.C. §§12551‒12559

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

P.L. 105-277

FY1999-FY2002

P.L. 107-273

FY2002-FY2005

Police Recruitment

34 U.S.C. §12171

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Tuberculosis in Correctional Institutions

34 U.S.C. §12271

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

Prevention, Investigation, and Prosecution of White-Collar Crime

34 U.S.C. §§10721‒10726

P.L. 115-76

FY2018-FY2022

Project Safe Neighborhoods

34 U.S.C. §§60701‒60705

P.L. 115-185

FY2019-FY2021

Protection and Services for Victims of Trafficking

22 U.S.C. §§7105(b) and 7110(d)(1)

P.L. 106-386

FY2001-FY2002

P.L. 108-193

FY2004-FY2005

P.L. 109-164

FY2004-FY2007

P.L. 110-457

FY2008-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2017

P.L. 115-393

FY2018-FY2021

Rape Survivor Child Custody Act

34 U.S.C. §§21301‒21308

P.L. 114-22

FY2015-FY2019

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Rape, Abuse, and Incest National Network

34 U.S.C. §20985

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2010

P.L. 117-347

FY2022-FY2027

Regional Information Sharing System

34 U.S.C. §10321

P.L. 107-56

FY2002-FY2003

Reporting Child Abuse Crime Information

34 U.S.C. §40103

P.L. 103-209

FY1994-FY1997

P.L. 105-251

FY1999-FY2002

Residential Substance Abuse Treatment

34 U.S.C. §§10421‒10426, 10261(a)(17)

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

Rural Domestic and Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, Stalking and Child Abuse Enforcement Assistance

34 U.S.C. §12341

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY1998

P.L. 106-386

FY2001-FY2005

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Saving Money and Reducing Tragedies Through Prevention (SMART Prevention)

34 U.S.C. §12463

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Service-Training-Officers-Prosecutors (STOP) Violence Against Women Formula Grant Program

34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446‒10451, 10261(a)(18)

P.L. 103-322

FY1995-FY2000

P.L. 106-386

FY2001-FY2005

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Sex Offender Apprehension Grants

34 U.S.C. §10691

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2009

Sex Offender Management Assistance Program

34 U.S.C. §20928

P.L. 109-248

FY2007-FY2009

Sexual Assault Forensic Exam Program Grants

34 U.S.C. §40723

P.L. 108-405

FY2005-FY2009

P.L. 110-360

FY2010-FY2014

P.L. 113-182

FY2015-FY2019

P.L. 116-104

FY2020-FY2024

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Sexual Assault Services Program

34 U.S.C. §12511

P.L. 109-271

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

State Criminal Alien Assistance Program

8 U.S.C. §1231(i)

P.L. 103-322

FY1995-FY2000

P.L. 107-273

FY2003-FY2004

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

State Grant Program for Training and Prosecution of Computer Crimes

34 U.S.C. §30101

P.L. 106-572

FY2001-FY2004

P.L. 110-403

FY2009-FY2013

Support for Criminal Investigations and Prosecution by State, Local, and Tribal Law Enforcement Officials

34 U.S.C. §30503

P.L. 111-84

FY2010-FY2012

Support for Law Enforcement Officers and Families

34 U.S.C. §§10491‒10498, 10261(a)(21)

P.L. 103-322

FY1996-FY2000

P.L. 116-32

FY2020-FY2024

Training and Services to End Violence Against Women Later in Life

34 U.S.C. §12421

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Transitional Housing Assistance Grants

34 U.S.C. §12351

P.L. 108-21

FY2004-FY2008

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2011

P.L. 113-4

FY2014-FY2018

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Trauma-Informed, Victim-Centered Training for Law Enforcement Demonstration Program

34 U.S.C. §12513

P.L. 117-103

FY2023-FY2027

Tribal Courts Program

25 U.S.C. §3681

P.L. 106-559

FY2000-FY2004

P.L. 111-211

FY2011-FY2015

Tribal Justice Training and Technical Assistance

25 U.S.C. §§3661‒3666

P.L. 106-559

FY2000-FY2004

P.L. 111-211

FY2011-FY2015

Victim Notification Systems

34 U.S.C. §20108

P.L. 108-405

FY2005-FY2009

Violent Offender Incarceration and Truth-in-Sentencing Incentive Grants

34 U.S.C. §§12101–12108

P.L. 103-322

FY1995-FY2000

P.L. 104-134

FY1996-FY2000

Weed and Seed

34 U.S.C. §§10103 and 10104

P.L. 109-162

FY2006-FY2009

Youth Violence Reduction Demonstration Projects

34 U.S.C. §11313 note

P.L. 109-162

FY2007-FY2009

Source: CRS review of the legislative history of statutory authorizations for DOJ grant programs in U.S. Code Title 34; Title 22, Chapter 78; Title 21, Chapter 13; Title 28, Chapters 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, and 40A; and Title 25, Chapters 15 and 38A.

Notes: "N/A" indicates that the authorization allows DOJ to award grants under the program but it did not explicitly authorize appropriations for the grants.

a. The authorization for this program along with the authorizations for the Youth Violence Reduction Demonstration Projects, Kids 2000 Crime Prevention and Computer Education Initiative, and the National Police Athletic League Youth Enrichment programs were originally codified as a note to 42 U.S.C. §13758. The authorization for the Boys and Girls Club of America program, unlike the authorizations for the other programs included as a note to 42 U.S.C. §13758, was not re-codified as a note to 34 U.S.C. §11313 when authorizations for DOJ grant programs were recodified and moved from Title 42 to Title 34 of the U.S. Code.

b. Appropriations for the Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance program were authorized by the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984 (P.L. 98-473). The act authorized appropriations of $20 million for the program each year starting with FY1985. However, the Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-198) amended the authorization of appropriations so that $20 million is authorized to be appropriated for the program starting with FY2022. The Ashanti Alert Act of 2018 (P.L. 115-401) further amended the authorization of appropriations so that $20 million is authorized to be appropriated starting with FY2023.

c. The Daniel Anderl Judicial Security and Privacy Act of 2022 (Subtitle D, Title LIX of P.L. 117-263) authorizes DOJ to award grants under this program, but it did not explicitly authorize appropriations.

d. There is not an authorization of appropriations for the Grants to Indian Tribal Coalitions program. Rather, the program is funded via annual set-asides from the STOP (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446–10451, 10261(a)(18)) and Sexual Assault Services (34 U.S.C. §12511) programs.

e. There is not an authorization of appropriations for the Grants to Indian Tribal Governments program. Rather, the program is funded via the STOP program (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446–10451, 10261(a)(18));Transitional Housing Assistance (34 U.S.C. §12351); Improving Criminal Justice Response and Protection Orders program (34 U.S.C. §§10461‒10465, 10261(a)(19)); Justice For Families program (34 U.S.C. §12464); Rural Sexual Assault, Domestic Violence, Dating Violence and Stalking Assistance program (34 U.S.C. §12341); Consolidated Grant Program to Address Children and Youth Experiencing Domestic and Sexual Assault and Engage Men and Boys as Allies (34 U.S.C. §§12451 and 12463); and the Legal Assistance for Victims program (34 U.S.C. §20121).

f. There is not an authorization of appropriations for the Grants to State Coalitions program. Rather, the program is funded via annual set-asides from the STOP program (34 U.S.C. §§10441, 10446–10451, 10261(a)(18)).

g. The Jabara-Heyer NO HATE Act (P.L. 117-13) authorizes DOJ to award grants under this program, but it did not explicitly authorize appropriations.

h. Kristin's Act authorizes DOJ to use funds appropriated for the operationalization, maintenance, and expansion of NamUs for the purposes authorized by this program, but the act does not authorize appropriations specifically for this program.

i. The 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255) authorizes DOJ to award grants under this program, but it did not authorize appropriations.

Footnotes

1.

These offices have different names in different states, including District Attorney Offices, County Attorney Offices, and States Attorney's Offices.

2.

U.S. Government Accountibility Office (GAO), Principles of Federal Appropriations Law (4th ed., 2016), GAO-16-464SP, p. 2-80.

3.

See CRS Report R42098, Authorization of Appropriations: Procedural and Legal Issues for an in-depth explanation of these types of authorization provisions.

4.

See, for example, 34 U.S.C. §§60551 and 60555, which authorizes appropriations for the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) and National Institute of Justice (NIJ) to conduct research on offender reentry programs.

5.

See, for example, 34 U.S.C §10153(b), which authorizes appropriations for DOJ to provide training and technical assistance to aid state and local governments with developing strategic plans on how Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) grant funds will be used to improve the administration of the criminal justice system.

6.

See, for example, 34 U.S.C. §41506, which authorizes appropriations for a United States-Mexico Border Violence Task Force in Laredo, TX.

7.

See, for example, 34 U.S.C. §41505, which authorizes appropriations for a national organized retail theft database.

8.

See, for example, 34 U.S.C. §20131, which authorizes appropriations for a national "Choose Respect" media campaign headed by OVW.

9.

See, for example, 34 U.S.C. §30105, which authorizes appropriations to hire additional DOJ personnel to investigate and prosecute computer crimes.

10.

The U.S. Government Accountability Office notes in its Principles of Federal Appropriations Law that "there is no general statutory requirement that appropriations be preceded by specific authorizations, although they may be required in some instances. Where authorizations are not required by law, Congress may, subject to a possible point of order, appropriate funds for a program or object that has not been previously authorized or which exceeds the scope of a prior authorization. If so, the enacted appropriation, in effect, carries its own authorization and is available to the agency for obligation and expenditure." GAO, Principles of Federal Appropriations Law (4th ed., 2016), GAO-16-464SP, chapter 2, p. 2-79.

11.

U.S. Department of Justice, Fiscal Year 2026 Budget and Performance Summary, June 13, 2025, pp. 27-35.

12.

For example, the FY2026 CJS Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-74) provides "$964,000,000 for the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant program as authorized by subpart 1 of part E of title I of the [the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968]."

13.

U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, About Us, https://www.ojp.gov/about.

14.

U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, About Us, https://www.ojp.gov/about.

15.

U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Offices, Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA), https://www.ojp.gov/about/offices/bureau-justice-assistance-bja.

16.

Grants that receive funding through the CVF are outside the scope of this report because these programs are not funded through annual discretionary appropriations. Rather, a number of sources, including criminal fines, forfeited bail bonds, penalties, and special assessments collected by the U.S. Attorneys' Offices, federal courts, and the Bureau of Prisons from offenders convicted of federal crimes are deposited into the CVF and those funds are allocated as specified in law. For more information on the CVF and the programs supported with its funds, see CRS Report R42672, The Crime Victims Fund (CVF): Federal Support for Victims of Crime.

17.

U.S. Department of Justice, Office on Violence Against Women, Grant Programs, https://www.justice.gov/ovw/grant-programs.

18.

U.S. Department of Justice, Community Oriented Policing Services Office, About the COPS Office, https://cops.usdoj.gov/aboutcops.

19.

U.S. Department of Justice, Community Oriented Policing Services Office, About the COPS Office, https://cops.usdoj.gov/aboutcops.

20.

U.S. Department of Justice, "Establishment of the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services," 60 Federal Register 8932, February 16, 1995.

21.

P.L. 90-351, 82 Stat. 197.

22.

P.L. 90-351, 82 Stat. 197-198.

23.

P.L. 90-351, 82 Stat. 198.

24.

P.L. 93-415, 88 Stat. 1110-1111.

25.

P.L. 93-415, 88 Stat. 1118.

26.

P.L. 100-690, 102 Stat. 4329.

27.

On May 8, 1997, the House passed Juvenile Crime Control Act of 1997 (H.R. 3). Title III of the bill included an authorization for a Juvenile Accountability Block Grants program. The bill was not passed by the Senate, but the FY1998 Commerce, Justice, State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies appropriations act included an appropriation for the program that would have been authorized by Title III of H.R. 3, but the appropriations act named the program the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grants (JAIBG). The program was known as JAIBG until JABG was authorized by P.L. 107-273 (2002) and appropriations were provided pursuant to that authorization.

28.

LLEBG was never formally authorized; rather, CJS appropriations acts provided funding for the program that would have been authorized by the Local Government Law Enforcement Block Grants Act of 1995 (H.R. 728, 104th Congress). The bill was passed by the House on February 14, 1995, but it was not taken up by the Senate.

29.

This includes the Grant Program to Prevent Disclosure of Personal Information of At-Risk Individuals or Immediate Family Members (Front matter to Part III of Title 28 of the U.S. Code), the Jabara-Heyer NO HATE Act (34 U.S.C. §30507), Kristen's Act Grants (34 U.S.C. §40504), and National Criminal Justice and Mental Health Training and Technical Assistance (34 U.S.C. §10652).

30.

There is some debate regarding how much influence federal funding has on the policies and practices of state and local public safety agencies given that federal grants usually account for a small percentage of state and local spending on the criminal justice system. See, for example, the discussion under the heading "Conditions on JAG Funds" in CRS Report R46443, Programs to Collect Data on Law Enforcement Activities: Overview and Issues.

31.

For a discussion of some of the factors that Congress may weigh when choosing to reauthorize a program, see CRS Report R43862, Changes in the Purposes and Frequency of Authorizations of Appropriations.