Fact Sheet: Congressional Votes Relating to the Israel-Hamas Conflict

Fact Sheet: Congressional Votes Relating to the Israel-Hamas Conflict

Fact Sheet: Congressional Votes Relating to the Israel-Hamas Conflict

December 2, 2024

Congressional Research Service

https://crsreports.congress.gov

R48289

Congressional Research Service

SUMMARY

Fact Sheet: Congressional Votes Relating to the Israel-Hamas Conflict

This report compiles congressional votes on legislation, including amendments and resolutions, related to the Israel-Hamas conflict that began on October 7, 2023. CRS compiled the information presented in this report from the Congress.gov and ProQuest Congressional databases.

R48289

December 2, 2024

Travis A. Ferrell Research Librarian

Clayton M. Levy Research Librarian

Fact Sheet: Congressional Votes Relating to the Israel-Hamas War

Congressional Research Service

Contents

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1

Related CRS Products ............................................................................................................... 2

Congressional Votes Relating to the Israel-Hamas Conflict ............................................................ 3

Tables

Table 1. Authorization and Funding-Related Bill Votes on the Israel-Hamas Conflict ................... 3

Table 2. Nonfunding-Related Bill Votes on the Israel-Hamas Conflict ......................................... 10

Table 3. Congressional Resolution Votes Related to the Israel-Hamas Conflict ........................... 12

Contacts

Author Information ........................................................................................................................ 15

Fact Sheet: Congressional Votes Relating to the Israel-Hamas War

Congressional Research Service 1

Introduction

This report compiles congressional floor votes on legislation, including amendments and resolutions, related to the Israel-Hamas conflict that began on October 7, 2023. To identify relevant votes, CRS searched Congress.gov and the ProQuest Congressional database for legislation that (1) referenced Israel or Hamas in the bill or amendment text; (2) received floor votes, voice votes, or unanimous consent agreements; and (3) was either introduced in Congress following the October 7, 2023 attack on Israel by Hamas or was amended in response to that attack.

The following tables include legislation that either references the Hamas attack on Israel or subsequent Israeli responses into the Gaza Strip, introduces sanctions or other actions against Hamas following the October 7, 2023 attack, or provides assistance or support to Israel in response to the October 7, 2023 attack. Legislation that generally references Israel or Hamas, but is unrelated to the conflict, was excluded.

In particular, the report focuses on floor votes related to the passage of bills, resolving of differences, conference reports, and resolutions. It also includes votes on amendments introduced in response to Hamas’s actions against Israel. Procedural votes (e.g., votes to recommit the bill to a committee or cloture votes) are not included in the report. In some cases, procedural votes are referenced as background information in the table footnotes. Other table footnotes denote when a bill or amendment that did not become law were incorporated into other bills that also received votes or became law. This report does not provide information on votes that were taken in House or Senate committees.

This report includes three tables:

• Table 1 provides congressional votes related to funding, aid, and economic sanctions related to the Israel-Hamas War. It includes votes on amendments, House and Senate passage votes, and votes on any final version of legislation approved in identical form by both the House and Senate, including conference reports and amendments between the chambers.

• Table 2 provides congressional votes on non-funding legislation. It includes votes related to the Israel-Hamas conflict, including votes on amendments, House and Senate passage votes, and votes on any final version of legislation approved in identical form by both the House and Senate, including conference reports and amendments between the houses.

• Table 3 provides congressional votes on resolutions related to the Israel-Hamas conflict, including votes on their adoption in the House and Senate.

Each table includes the number, title, and a brief description of the legislation. The description is taken from information on Congress.gov. Each table also provides the date, vote type (voice or roll call), and, if by roll call, the chamber assigned number and tally of each vote. The bills and resolutions below are listed in the chronological order the votes were held. Links to the recorded vote outcomes in the House or Senate are embedded in the tables. In some cases, House or Senate votes are voice votes, or an action was taken by unanimous consent (UC), and, thus, no record exists of individual vote tallies.¹ More complete bill status information can be found on Congress.gov.

1 For more information on voting methods in the House and the Senate, see CRS Report R43424, Considering (continued...)

Fact Sheet: Congressional Votes Relating to the Israel-Hamas War

Congressional Research Service 2

This report is current through December 2, 2024.

Related CRS Products

For more information on the Israel-Hamas conflict, see the following CRS products

• CRS Report R47828, Israel and Hamas Conflict In Brief: Overview, U.S. Policy, and Options for Congress, by Jim Zanotti and Jeremy M. Sharp

• CRS Report R47754, Israel and Hamas October 2023 Conflict: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs), coordinated by Jim Zanotti, Jeremy M. Sharp, and Christopher M. Blanchard

• CRS Report R44245, Israel: Major Issues and U.S. Relations, by Jim Zanotti

• CRS Insight IN12398, Israel, Iran, Hamas, and Lebanese Hezbollah: Various Strikes amid Regional Turmoil, by Jim Zanotti and Clayton Thomas

• CRS Insight IN12366, Israel and Hamas: Possible International Criminal Court (ICC) Arrest Warrants, by Matthew C. Weed and Jim Zanotti

• CRS Insight IN12299, Foreign Country Actions to Place the Israel-Hamas Conflict Before International Courts, by Matthew C. Weed

• CRS Insight IN12446, Israel and Hamas: Killing of Hamas Leader Yahya Sinwar, by Jim Zanotti and Jeremy M. Sharp

• CRS Insight IN12366, Israel and Hamas: Possible International Criminal Court (ICC) Arrest Warrants, by Matthew C. Weed and Jim Zanotti

• CRS In Focus IF12549, Hamas: Background, Current Status, and U.S. Policy, by Jim Zanotti

• CRS In Focus IF12537, Terrorist Financing: Hamas and Cryptocurrency Fundraising, by Liana W. Rosen, Paul Tierno, and Rena S. Miller

• CRS In Focus IF10644, The Palestinians: Overview, Aid, and U.S. Policy Issues, by Jim Zanotti

Legislation on the House Floor: Common Practices in Brief, by Elizabeth Rybicki; CRS Report 98-228, House Voting Procedures: Forms and Requirements, by Jane A. Hudiburg; and CRS Report 96-452, Voting and Quorum Procedures in the Senate, coordinated by Elizabeth Rybicki.

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Congressional Votes Relating to the Israel-Hamas Conflict

Table 1. Authorization and Funding-Related Bill Votes on the Israel-Hamas Conflict

October 7, 2023 – December 2, 2024

Bill or

Amendment

Number Title & Description

Public Law

Number House Votes Senate Votes

H.R. 340 Hamas and Other Palestinian Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Acta Imposes sanctions with respect to foreign support for Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade, the Lion's Den, and any affiliate or successor groups.

— 11/02/2023 Passed (363-46) Roll no. 561

—

H.R. 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024b This bill provides FY2024 supplemental appropriations to the Department of Defense (DOD) and the Department of State for activities to respond to the attacks in Israel. The bill designates the funding as emergency spending, which is exempt from discretionary spending limits.

— 11/02/2023 Passed (226-196) Roll no. 577

11/14/2023 Motion to table the motion to proceed agreed to (51-48) Roll no. 309c

H.R. 2670 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Authorizes FY2024 appropriations and policies for DOD programs and activities. See Title XII, Subtitle D, Matters Relating to Israel.d

P.L. 118-31 12/14/2023 Conference Report Agreed to (310-118) Roll no. 723

12/13/2023 Conference Report Agreed to (87-13) Roll no. 343

11/15/2023 Motion by Senator Wicker (for Senator Lankford) to instruct Senate conferees (Israel)e agreed to in Senate (Voice Vote)

11/15/2023 Motion by Senator Wicker (for Senator

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Bill or

Amendment

Number Title & Description

Public Law

Number House Votes Senate Votes

Rubio) to instruct Senate conferees (Hamas Visas)f rejected in Senate (Voice Vote)

H.R. 7217 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Provides FY2024 supplemental appropriations to the Department of Defense (DOD) and the Department of State for activities to respond to the attacks in Israel. Designates the funding as emergency spending, which is exempt from discretionary spending limits.

— 02/06/2024 Failed (250-180) Roll no. 38

—

H.R. 2882 Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024g Division A, Title VIII, Section 8072 deals with Israeli missile defense. Division F, Title III, under the Migration and Refugee Assistance heading, such assistance for Israel is included. Division F, Title VII, Section 7004 (f) includes limitations of funding to prevent funds from being used to move the U.S. embassy in Israel. Division F, Title VII, Section 7034 (k) deals with loan guarantees to Israel. Division F, Title VII, Sec. 7040 (f) prohibits funds from being used for assistance to Hamas or any entity effectively controlled by Hamas, any power-sharing government of which Hamas is a member, or that results from an agreement with Hamas and over which Hamas exercises undue influence. Division F, Title VII, Sec. 7041 (d) Provides for a disbursement under the heading of Foreign Military Financing Program with a deadline of within 30 days of enactment of this Act. Includes provisions regarding advanced weapons systems and other defense articles and services. Division F, Title VII, Sec. 7073, “Gaza oversight” provisions relate to oversight of assistance to Gaza to prevent the diversion of assistance to Hamas or other terrorist or extremist entities in Gaza. Division G, Title III, Section 301, Funding Limitation for United Nations Relief and Works Agency.

P.L. 118-47 03/22/2024 Pursuant to the provisions of H.Res. 1102, the House agreed to the Senate amendment with amendment. Agreed to (286- 134) Roll no. 102h

03/23/2024 Agreed to (74-24) Roll no. 114

02/05/2024 Agreed to (350-58) Roll no. 32

03/12/2024 Passed Senate with an amendment by (UC)

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Bill or

Amendment

Number Title & Description

Public Law

Number House Votes Senate Votes

H.R. 5917 Strengthening Tools to Counter the Use of Human Shields Acti Extends the authority of the President to impose sanctions on foreign persons using human shields through 2030 and requires the President to impose such sanctions on each foreign person determined to be a member of Palestine Islamic Jihad and orders, controls, or otherwise directs the use of human shields. Additionally, directs the Department of Defense to report to Congress on the implications of the use of human shields by Hamas, Hezbollah, and Palestine Islamic Jihad.

— 4/16/2024 On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to (419-4) Roll no. 128

—

H.R. 815 Making Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2024, and for Other Purposes Provides, in part, emergency supplemental appropriations for Israel, including additional Foreign Military Financing and joint missile defense funding.j Division A, Title III, Sec. 308 prohibits funds from being used for payments to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency, notwithstanding any other provision of law. Division M, Hamas and other Palestinian Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act, requires the executive branch to impose sanctions on foreign states or persons that provide certain types of support to Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, some other groups, or their affiliates. Note: Global humanitarian assistance could be used for the region, plus various oversight provisions re assistance for Gaza and West Bank. “In April 2024, Congress appropriated more than $9 billion in supplemental global humanitarian assistance in P.L. 118-50. President Biden has said that $1 billion of these funds will be for humanitarian aid for Palestinians in Gaza.k Provisions accompanying FY2024 regular and supplemental appropriations for Gaza include certification, reporting, and other oversight mechanisms aimed at preventing aid diversion, misuse, or destruction.”l

P.L. 118-50 04/20/2024 Pursuant to H.Res. 1160 the Senate amendment to H.R. 815 is considered as agreed to with the House amendment described in section 6 of H.Res. 1160. Roll no. 142 is the roll call vote associated with H.Res. 1160.

04/23/2024 Senate agreed to the House amendment to the Senate amendment to H.R. 815 (79-18) Roll no. 154

02/13/2024 Passed Senate with an amendment (70-29) Roll no. 48

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Bill or

Amendment

Number Title & Description

Public Law

Number House Votes Senate Votes

S.Amdt. 1388 to H.R. 815

Substitute amendment, which changed the focus of H.R. 815” to include, among other provisions, emergency supplemental appropriations for Israeli security during Israel’s ongoing war with Hamas.m

— 02/12/2024 Agreed to (63-33) Roll no. 46

—

H.R. 8034 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Provides FY2024 supplemental appropriations for federal departments and agencies to respond to the conflict in Israel. Designates the funding as emergency spending, which is exempt from discretionary spending limits.

— 04/20/2024 Passed (366-58) Roll no. 152

—

H.R. 8038 21st Century Peace Through Strength Act Establishes law on various foreign policy matters, including imposing property-blocking sanctions on foreign states providing material support to Hamas or Palestinian Islamic Jihad.

— 04/20/2024 Passed (360-58) Roll no. 145

—

H.R. 8369 Israel Security Assistance Support Act Specifies that no federal funds may be used to withhold, halt, reverse, or cancel the delivery of defense articles or defense services to Israel. Also, no funds may be used to pay the salary of any Department of Defense (DOD) or Department of State employee who acts to limit defense deliveries to Israel. Additionally, DOD and the State Department shall ensure prompt delivery of all defense articles and services expected to be delivered to Israel in FY2024 and FY2025. Unobligated funds for operation and maintenance for the Office of the Secretary of Defense, diplomatic programs for the Office of the Secretary of State, and the National Security Council may not be spent until each office certifies to Congress that any withheld defense articles or services are delivered to Israel. DOD and the State Department must obligate any remaining funds for assistance to Israel. DOD and the State Department must periodically report to Congress on defense articles and services provided to Israel.

— 05/16/2024 Passed (224-187) Roll no. 217

—

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Bill or

Amendment

Number Title & Description

Public Law

Number House Votes Senate Votes

H.R. 8070 Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 Authorizes FY2025 appropriations and policies for DOD programs and activities. See: Title XII, Subtitle A, Section 1214. Help Israel's Recover the Hostages. Title XII, Subtitle A, Section 1215. Statement of Congress relating to Israel and the hostages held by Hamas. Title XII, Subtitle A, Section 1217. Sense of Congress regarding Israel. Title XII, Subtitle A, Section 1218. Study and report on international security measures on the border between Gaza and Egypt. Title XII, Subtitle D, Section 1232. Ensuring Israel's defense. Title XII, Subtitle D, Section 1236. Sense of Congress on the importance of the Iron Dome system. Title XVII, Subtitle A, Section 1705. Prohibition on use of funds from constructing or maintaining pier off the coast of Gaza. Title XVII, Subtitle A, Section 1708. Prohibition on assistance for building in, or rebuilding Gaza. Title XVII, Subtitle C, Section 1760. Rewards for information regarding leaders of Hamas.

— 06/14/2024 Passed (217-199) Roll no. 279

—

H.Amdt. 960 [en bloc] to H.R. 8070

2. Instructs the Secretary of Defense to provide a briefing to HFAC/HASC/HPSCI about US efforts to support Israel’s efforts to rescue the hostages in Gaza. Revision removes sense of Congress and authorizations, and adds findings and a briefing requirement. 3. Declares that Israel is the United States’ greatest ally in the Middle East and demands the release of all hostages held by Hamas. 7. Sense of Congress supporting the mission of the Department of Defense in helping Israel fend of attacks from Hamas by supporting the Iron Dome system.

06/12/2024 Agreed to (Voice Vote)

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Bill or

Amendment

Number Title & Description

Public Law

Number House Votes Senate Votes

H.Amdt. 990 [en bloc] to H.R. 8070

10. Expresses a sense of Congress about the importance of the U.S.- Israel relationship and the need to continue offering security assistance and related support. 12. Prohibits funds authorized or otherwise made available for the Department of Defense in FY25 from being used to build, maintain, or repair a pier off the coast of Gaza, or to transport aid to such a pier. 122. Authorizes a Report Authored by the Secretary of Defense to study steps Israel, the U.S., and Egypt can take to enhance international security measures on the Gaza-Egypt border to ensure Hamas and other actors cannot use tunnels or methods via the Mediterranean Sea to smuggle weapons and illicit goods. Additionally, report will outline/ map existing tunnel networks.

06/13/2024 Agreed to (Voice Vote)

H.R. 8771 Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2025 Title III, under the Department of State Migration and Refugee Assistance heading, such assistance for Israel is included. Title VII, Section 7004 (e) includes limitations of funding to prevent funds from being used to move the U.S. embassy in Israel. Title VII, Section 7034 (i) Extension of Authorities (5) includes extensions of loan guarantees to Israel. Title VII, Section 7035 prohibits section 514(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 from applying to defense articles that are to be set aside, earmarked, reserved, or intended for use as reserve stocks in stockpiles in the State of Israel.n Also prohibits the withholding of delivery of defense articles or services to Israel, and requires the obligation of unobligated balances for assistance to Israel by the enactment of this bill not later than 30 days after enactment. Title VII, Section 7037 places limitations on assistance to support a Palestine state, regardless of whether it governed by a new entity or by the Palestinian Authority. Provides exemptions for assistance to reform the Palestinian Authority and a presidential waiver to these limitations in the presence of a national security interest.

— 06/28/2024 Passed (212-200) Roll no. 335

—

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Bill or

Amendment

Number Title & Description

Public Law

Number House Votes Senate Votes

Title VII, Section 7040 places limitations on assistance to the Palestinian Authority. Also prohibits any funds from being obligated for assistance to Hamas. Title VII Section 7040 (f) prohibits funds from being used for assistance to Hamas or any entity effectively controlled by Hamas, any power-sharing government of which Hamas is a member, or that results from an agreement with Hamas and over which Hamas exercises undue influence. Title VII, Section 7041 provides grants to Israel through the Foreign Military Financing Program. Also provides limitations on the grant funding the Palestinian Authority can receive through this same program. Title VIII, Section 7069, “Gaza oversight” provisions relate to oversight of assistance to Gaza to prevent the diversion of assistance to Hamas or other terrorist or extremist entities in Gaza.

H.R. 8774 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2025 Title VIII, Section 8069 allocates appropriated monies to Israel for the missile defense programs, such as the Iron Dome and the Short- Range Ballistic Missile Defense (SRBMD) program, and others. Title VIII, Section 8112 prohibits any of the funds appropriated in this Act to be made available to any member of Hamas, Hezbollah, the Houthis, or the Taliban. Title VIII, Section 8166 prohibits the use of any of the Acts appropriated funds for the withholding, halting, reversing, or cancelling of delivery of defense articles or defense services from the United States to Israel. Also requires the obligation of any remaining unobligated monies appropriated to the Department of Defense for assistance to Israel within 30 days of the bill’s enactment.

— 06/28/2024 Passed (217-198) Roll no. 331

—

Source: CRS compiled table using data from Congress.gov Notes: The table is current as of December 2, 2024. Each bill, amendment, or public law number includes a hyperlink to the bill's record in Congress.gov. Each roll call number includes a link to the vote on the website of the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives or of the United States Senate. UC = Unanimous Consent. a. See Division M, Hamas and other Palestinian Terrorist Groups International Financing Prevention Act of P.L. 118-50.

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b. Although this particular bill did not become law, its language was included Division A of P.L. 118-50, a supplemental appropriations measure that in Division A contained security assistance funding for Israel; see table entry for H.R. 815.

c. The motion to table is nondebatable and, if adopted, disposes of a question permanently and adversely.

d. The National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) of FY2024, Subtitle D – Matters Relating to Israel contains revisions to laws that existed prior to the October 7, 2023 attacks.

e. This was a motion to move “that the managers on the part of the Senate at the conference on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the Senate amendment to the bill H.R. 2670 be instructed to increase defense cooperation with Israel in order to reaffirm its right to defend itself against state and non-state actors who seek to undermine Israel's sovereignty.” See “National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024,” remarks in the Senate, Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 169 (November 15, 2023), p. S5530.

f. This was a motion to instruct conferees “to insist that the final conference report include the provisions to enforce section 212(a)(3)(B)(i)(VII) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(3)(B)(i)(VII)) to revoke visas and initiate deportation proceedings for any foreign national who has endorsed or espoused the terrorist activities of Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Hezbollah, or any another foreign terrorist organization (as designated under section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189)) that has participated in terrorist attacks against Israel and United States citizens before, on, or after October 7, 2023.” See “National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024,” remarks in the Senate, Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 169 (November 15, 2023), p. S5530.

g. This bill began as the Udall Foundation Reauthorization Act of 2023 before becoming a vehicle for the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024 on March 22, 2024.

h. “On March 22, 2024, the House passed an amendment to H.R. 2882, substituting the prior bill text with the negotiated text of the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024. It did so by voting on H.Res. 1102, a resolution to insert the negotiated text into the Senate-passed version of H.R. 2882.” From CRS Insight IN12237, FY2024 Defense Appropriations: Status of Legislative Activity, by Cameron M. Keys and Brendan W. McGarry.

i. See Division O, Strengthening Tools to Counter the use of Human Shields Act of P.L. 118-50.

j. See Division A of P.L. 118-50, a supplemental appropriations measure that in Division A contained security assistance funding for Israel.

k. White House, “Remarks by President Biden on the Passage of H.R. 815, the National Security Supplemental,” April 24, 2024.

l. See CRS Report R47828, Israel and Hamas Conflict In Brief: Overview, U.S. Policy, and Options for Congress, by Jim Zanotti and Jeremy M. Sharp.

m. See Division A of P.L. 118-50, a supplemental appropriations measure that in Division A contained security assistance funding for Israel. n. See 22 U.S.C. 2321h(b) for the referenced section 514(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.

Table 2. Nonfunding-Related Bill Votes on the Israel-Hamas Conflict

October 7, 2023 – December 2, 2024

Bill or

Amendment

Number Title and Description

Public Law

Number House Votes Senate Votes

H.Amdt. 813 to H.R. 5961

Adds findings that condemn Hamas and Iran-backed terror groups for using "human shields" and states that only the unconditional surrender of Hamas and other Iran-backed terror groups will save innocent civilian lives.a

— 11/30/2023 Agreed to (412-11, 1 Present) Roll no. 680

—

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Bill or

Amendment

Number Title and Description

Public Law

Number House Votes Senate Votes

H.Amdt. 815 to H.R. 5961

Corrects the number of hostages being held by Hamas. — 11/30/2023 Agreed to (Voice Vote)

—

H.Amdt. 817 to H.R. 5961

Expresses a sense of Congress that all US allies in the Middle East should publicly and unequivocally condemn the antisemitism displayed by Iranian-backed terror groups, including Hamas.

— 11/30/2023 Agreed to (422-1, 1 Present) Roll no. 681

—

H.Amdt. 819 to H.R. 5961

Expresses a sense of Congress that Qatar should condemn Hamas, turn over Hamas leadership to US and Israeli custody, and pledge never to facilitate the transfer of covered Iranian funds to Iran.

— 11/30/2023 Agreed to (Voice Vote)

—

H.R. 6679 No Immigration Benefits for Hamas Terrorists Act Imposes immigration-related penalties on certain non-U.S. nationals (aliens under federal law) who are involved with terrorism or attacks against Israel. Under this bill, members of Palestinian Islamic Jihad or Hamas or who participated in or otherwise facilitated the October 7, 2023, attacks on Israel may not be admitted into the United States.

— 01/31/2024 Passed (422-2, 1 Present) Roll no. 28

—

H.Amdt. 847 to H.R. 6679

Requires an annual report to Congress on the number of individuals found to be inadmissible and deportable each year as a result of the underlying bill, so that the annual report pertains to not allowing anyone involved with the October 7, 2023 attacks to be allowed in the United States.

— 01/31/2024 Agreed to (Voice Vote)

—

Source: CRS compiled table using data from Congress.gov. Notes: The table is current as of December 2, 2024. Each bill, amendment, or public law number includes a hyperlink to the bill's record in Congress.gov. Each roll call number includes a link to the vote on the website of Clerk of the United States House of Representatives or of the United States Senate. a. See Division O, Strengthening Tools to Counter the use of Human Shields Act of P.L. 118-50.

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Table 3. Congressional Resolution Votes Related to the Israel-Hamas Conflict

October 7, 2023 – December 2, 2024

Resolution or

Amendment

Number Title House Votes Senate Votes

S.Res. 417 A resolution standing with Israel against terrorism. n/a 10/19/2023 Agreed to (97-0) Roll no. 261

H.Res. 771 Standing with Israel as it defends itself against the barbaric war launched by Hamas and other terrorists.

10/25/2023 Agreed to (412-10, 6 Present) Roll no. 528

n/a

H.Res. 793 Calling on Hamas to immediately release hostages taken during the October 2023 attack on Israel.

11/28/2023 Agreed to (414-0) Roll no. 676

n/a

S.Res. 408 A resolution condemning Hamas for its premeditated, coordinated, and brutal terrorist attacks on Israel and demanding that Hamas immediately release all hostages and return them to safety, and for other purposes.

n/a 11/09/2023 Agreed to (UC)

S.Amdt. 1365 to S.Res. 408

To amend the preamble.a n/a 11/09/2023 Agreed to (UC)

S.Amdt. 1364 to S.Res. 408

In the nature of a substitute.b n/a 11/09/2023 Agreed to (UC)

H.Res. 888 Reaffirming the State of Israel's right to exist.c 11/28/2023 Agreed to (412-1, 1 Present) Roll no. 677

n/a

S.Res. 445 A resolution recognizing the importance of the economic relationship between the United States and Israel and affirming that trade facilitated by the United States-Israel Free Trade Agreement is a tool to support the economy of Israel during the conflict with Hamas.

n/a 12/06/2023 Agreed to (UC)

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Resolution or

Amendment

Number Title House Votes Senate Votes

S.Res. 504 A resolution requesting information on Israel's human rights practices pursuant to section 502B(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.d

n/a 01/16/2024 Motion to table the motion to discharge agreed to (72-11)e Roll no. 8

H.Res. 966 Condemning Rape and Sexual Violence Committed by Hamas in Its War against Israel.

02/14/2024 Agreed to (418-0, 1 Present) Roll no. 44

n/a

S.J.Res. 111 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Israel of certain defense articles and services.

n/a 11/20/2024 Motion to discharge rejected (19-78) Roll no. 292

S.J.Res. 113 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Israel of certain defense articles and services.

n/a 11/20/2024 Motion to discharge rejected (18-79) Roll no. 293

S.J.Res. 115 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed license amendment for the export of certain defense articles, defense services, and technical data to Israel.

n/a 11/20/2024 Motion to discharge rejected (17-80) Roll no. 294

Source: CRS compiled table using data from Congress.gov Notes: The table is current as of December 2, 2024. Each bill, amendment, or public law number includes a hyperlink to the bill's record in Congress.gov. Each roll call number includes a link to the vote on the website of Clerk of the United States House of Representatives or of the United States Senate. UC = Unanimous Consent. a. This amendment revised the preamble of S.Res. 408. See “Condemning Hamas for Its Premeditated, Coordinated, and Brutal Terrorist Attacks on Israel and Demanding That Hamas Immediately Release All Hostages and Return Them to Safety,” remarks in the Senate, Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 169 (November 9, 2023), p. S5463.

b. This amendment revised the text of S.Res. 408. See “Condemning Hamas for Its Premeditated, Coordinated, and Brutal Terrorist Attacks on Israel and Demanding That Hamas Immediately Release All Hostages and Return Them to Safety,” remarks in the Senate, Congressional Record, daily edition, vol. 169 (November 9, 2023), p. S5463.

c. This resolution includes a condemnation of the Hamas-led attack on Israel.

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d. The resolution requests a description of the steps the United States has taken to promote human rights as part of Israel's activities, including in Gaza and West Bank. It also requests certain other items of information, including, for example, an assessment of Israeli compliance with international human rights law and the likelihood that Israel will use U.S. security assistance in the armed conflict in Gaza and the West Bank.

e. The motion to table is nondebatable and, if adopted, disposes of a question permanently and adversely. Because the discharge motion was tabled, the underlying measure remains in the possession of the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Fact Sheet: Congressional Votes Relating to the Israel-Hamas War

Congressional Research Service R48289 · VERSION 1 · NEW 15

Author Information

Travis A. Ferrell Research Librarian

Clayton M. Levy

Research Librarian

Disclaimer

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