{ "id": "R45974", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "number": "R45974", "active": true, "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, CRSReports.Congress.gov", "versions": [ { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 621095, "date": "2020-03-26", "retrieved": "2020-03-27T13:05:45.555766", "title": "Agriculture and Related Agencies: FY2020 Appropriations", "summary": "The Agriculture appropriations bill funds the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) except for the U.S. Forest Service. It also funds the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and\u2014in even-numbered fiscal years\u2014the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC).\nAgriculture appropriations include both mandatory and discretionary spending. Discretionary amounts, though, are the primary focus during the bill\u2019s development. The largest discretionary spending items are the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); agricultural research; rural development; FDA; foreign food assistance and trade; farm assistance loans and salaries; food safety inspection; animal and plant health programs; and technical assistance for conservation programs.\nCongress passed and the President signed a full-year FY2020 appropriation on December 20, 2019\u2014the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act (P.L. 116-94, Committee Print 38-679)\u2014that included Agriculture appropriations in Division B. The discretionary total of the FY2020 Agriculture appropriations act is $23.5 billion. This is $183 million more than the comparable amount for FY2019 (+0.8%) that includes the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). The appropriation also carries about $129 billion of mandatory spending that is largely determined in authorizing laws. Thus, the overall total of the agriculture portion is $153 billion. \nIn addition to these amounts, the FY2020 Further Consolidated Appropriations Act includes budget authority that is designated as emergency spending and does not count against discretionary spending caps. These include $535 million to FDA for Ebola prevention and treatment, and $1.5 billion to USDA for the Wildfires and Hurricanes Indemnity Program (WHIP). The latter amount was offset by a $1.5 billion rescission of unobligated WHIP funding from a prior appropriation and emergency designation.\nThe primary components of the $183 million overall increase in the regular appropriation from FY2019 include increases to foreign agricultural assistance (+$235 million), rural development (+$229 million), rural broadband (+$175 million, separate from the rural development increase), agricultural research salaries and grants (+$167 million), FDA (+$91 million), departmental administration (+$82 million), Farm Service Agency (+$47 million), CFTC (+$47 million), the Natural Resources Conservation Service (+$35 million), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (+$32 million) and the Agricultural Marketing Service (+$28 million), and miscellaneous appropriations (+$63 million). Most of these increases are offset by decreases such as for construction for agricultural research facilities (-$189 million), Food and Nutrition Service discretionary appropriations (-$54 million), increasing a rescission of carryover balances in WIC (-$500 million), and not renewing temporary appropriations for Food for Peace and rural water and waste disposal grants (-$291 million).\nThe Trump Administration had requested $19.2 billion for discretionary-funded accounts within the jurisdiction of Agriculture appropriations subcommittees. The request would have been a reduction of $4.1 billion from FY2019 (-18%).\nPolicy provisions are also included that affect how the appropriation is delivered. This year, these provisions include issues such as the relocation of USDA agencies, disaster programs, rural definitions, livestock regulations, nutrition programs, and dietary guidelines.\nBudget sequestration continues to affect mandatory agricultural spending accounts. Sequestration refers to automatic across-the-board reductions in spending authority. In FY2020, sequestration on mandatory spending accounts is 5.9% and totals about $1.4 billion for agriculture accounts. Recent budget acts have extended sequestration through FY2029.\nDiscretionary Agriculture Appropriations, by Title, FY2019-FY2020\n/\nSource: CRS, using P.L. 116-6 (Division B), House-passed H.R. 3055 (Division B), Senate-passed H.R. 3055 (Division B), and P.L. 116-94 (Division B).\nNote: FDA = Food and Drug Administration, CFTC = Commodity Futures Trading Commission. For comparability, includes CFTC in Related Agencies in all columns regardless of jurisdiction.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R45974", "sha1": "e0fc766c20c972b3767a27f5e22edb6d50420f93", "filename": "files/20200326_R45974_e0fc766c20c972b3767a27f5e22edb6d50420f93.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/0.png": "files/20200326_R45974_images_c317e7ba6880c954cdc4aa4f14bc7d27bb40f432.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/3.png": "files/20200326_R45974_images_d6aedad320eb89d2fdb4ce6ab5a3d8d92cecf0aa.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/1.png": "files/20200326_R45974_images_1fb196f83c692e66dda8d9f9cee189c76008f712.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/2.png": "files/20200326_R45974_images_57fa6dc288b66046951d5d2d4073e1dd4a1c6302.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/4.png": "files/20200326_R45974_images_063acb04ad8996fd1ac0afc3a153b31177b004bf.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R45974", "sha1": "b16655aa5d5b7fad14bc4d15a89088a2b27b3a27", "filename": "files/20200326_R45974_b16655aa5d5b7fad14bc4d15a89088a2b27b3a27.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4830, "name": "Agriculture Budget & Appropriations" }, { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4920, "name": "Agriculture Appropriations" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 610208, "date": "2019-11-27", "retrieved": "2019-12-13T15:10:06.431519", "title": "Agriculture and Related Agencies: FY2020 Appropriations", "summary": "The Agriculture appropriations bill funds the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) except for the U.S. Forest Service. It also funds the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and\u2014in even-numbered fiscal years\u2014the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC).\nAgriculture appropriations include both mandatory and discretionary spending. Discretionary amounts, though, are the primary focus during the bill\u2019s development. The largest discretionary spending items are the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); agricultural research; rural development; FDA; foreign food assistance and trade; farm assistance loans and salaries; food safety inspection; animal and plant health programs; and technical assistance for conservation programs.\nIn the absence of an enacted full-year appropriation, FY2020 began on October 1, 2019, under a continuing resolution (CR) that lasted until November 21, 2019 (P.L. 116-59, Division A). A second CR (P.L. 116-69) was enacted to last until December 20, 2019.\nFor the regular annual appropriation, the Trump Administration requested in March 2019 $19.2 billion for discretionary-funded accounts within the jurisdiction of Agriculture appropriations subcommittees. The request would be a reduction of $4.1 billion from FY2019 (-18%). \nOn June 4, 2019, the House Appropriations Committee reported a stand-alone Agriculture appropriations bill (H.R. 3164, H.Rept. 116-107) by a vote of 29-21. On June 25, 2019, the House passed a five-bill minibus appropriation with Agriculture as Division B (H.R. 3055). The discretionary total of the House-passed Agriculture appropriations bill is $24.3 billion. This is $1 billion more (+4%) than the comparable amount that was enacted for FY2019 and $5.1 more (+27%) than the Administration\u2019s request. \nOn September 19, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported its Agriculture appropriations bill (S. 2522, S.Rept. 116-110) by a vote of 31-0. On October 31, 2019, the Senate passed a four-bill minibus appropriation with Agriculture as Division B (H.R. 3055). The discretionary total of the Senate-passed bill is $23.1 billion. This is $57 million more than the FY2019 appropriation (+0.2%), $4.2 billion more than the Administration\u2019s request, and $894 million less than the House-passed bill on a comparable amount without CFTC (-3.7%).\nThe primary components of the $1 billion increase in the House-passed bill from FY2019 include increases to rural development accounts by $412 million (+14%, primarily for rural water, broadband, and housing), a rural broadband pilot program by $393 million (+314%), foreign agricultural assistance by $377 million (+19%), departmental administration by $205 million (+53%, primarily for construction to renovate USDA headquarters), agricultural research programming by $197 million (+6%), and FDA appropriations by $185 million (+6%). Reductions in budget authority include decreases to agricultural research buildings and facilities funding by -$331 million, rescinding WIC carryover balances an additional -$300 million, and eliminating temporary funding for international food assistance by -$216 million (with a larger increase to the base appropriation, as noted above in foreign agricultural assistance).\nThe primary differences that comprise the -$894 million difference in the Senate-reported bill from the House-passed bill include providing agricultural research $193 million more than in the House bill and department administration accounts $97 million more than in the House bill. These greater allowances are more than offset by providing rural development $407 million less than in the House bill (largely from rural water and waste disposal grants), rural broadband in the General Provisions title $518 million less than in the House bill, foreign agricultural assistance $159 million less than in the House bill, and FDA $105 million less than the House bill. \nDiscretionary Agriculture Appropriations, by Title, FY2019-FY2020\n/\nSource: CRS, using P.L. 116-6 (Division B), House-passed H.R. 3055 (Division B), and Senate-passed H.R. 3055 (Division B).\nNote: FDA = Food and Drug Administration, CFTC = Commodity Futures Trading Commission. For comparability, includes CFTC in Related Agencies in all columns regardless of jurisdiction.\nThe appropriation also carries mandatory spending that is largely determined in separate authorizing laws. These mandatory spending amounts total nearly $131 billion in the House-passed bill and $129 billion in the Senate-reported bill. Thus, the overall total of the FY2020 Agriculture appropriation would be about $155 billion in the House-passed bill and $152 billion in the Senate-reported bill.\nPolicy provisions may also be included that affect how the appropriation is delivered. This year, these provisions include issues such as the relocation of USDA agencies, disaster programs, rural definitions, livestock regulations, nutrition programs, and dietary guidelines.\nBudget sequestration continues to affect mandatory agricultural spending accounts. Sequestration refers to automatic across-the-board reductions in spending authority. In FY2020, sequestration on mandatory spending accounts is 5.9% and totals about $1.4 billion for agriculture accounts. Recent budget acts have extended sequestration through FY2029.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R45974", "sha1": "a3500ed76cc23209c5738604cbcc5aebcfbcbc71", "filename": "files/20191127_R45974_a3500ed76cc23209c5738604cbcc5aebcfbcbc71.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/0.png": "files/20191127_R45974_images_7a2189c61386766922c4c52ae0355b357c2c5a1d.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/3.png": "files/20191127_R45974_images_ea0cc31f8b5378cc7bb259a07c347636e275c770.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/1.png": "files/20191127_R45974_images_e5bc17e5d1e9b1c2d1b576f61b6a713c9ee568f1.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/2.png": "files/20191127_R45974_images_10fae67af21ba795d48f1e9a71a57fbb5c8e14fa.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/4.png": "files/20191127_R45974_images_063acb04ad8996fd1ac0afc3a153b31177b004bf.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R45974", "sha1": "666f2c53d451bc5e7297e7f5c40681f1512c295b", "filename": "files/20191127_R45974_666f2c53d451bc5e7297e7f5c40681f1512c295b.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4830, "name": "Agriculture Budget & Appropriations" }, { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4920, "name": "Agriculture Appropriations" } ] }, { "summary": null, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R45974", "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "type": "CRS Report", "formats": [ { "sha1": "3dfe97ca1a24dc4173807cbe6cbe059ca9c397da", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R45974/3", "filename": "files/2019-11-19_R45974_3dfe97ca1a24dc4173807cbe6cbe059ca9c397da.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2019-11-19_R45974_3dfe97ca1a24dc4173807cbe6cbe059ca9c397da.html" } ], "title": "Agriculture and Related Agencies: FY2020 Appropriations", "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "retrieved": "2020-09-07T12:23:45.361124", "date": "2019-11-19", "typeId": "R", "id": "R45974_3_2019-11-19", "active": true }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 606464, "date": "2019-10-18", "retrieved": "2019-10-21T22:16:26.589409", "title": "Agriculture and Related Agencies: FY2020 Appropriations", "summary": "The Agriculture appropriations bill funds the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) except for the U.S. Forest Service. It also funds the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and\u2014in even-numbered fiscal years\u2014the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC).\nAgriculture appropriations include both mandatory and discretionary spending. Discretionary amounts, though, are the primary focus during the bill\u2019s development. The largest discretionary spending items are the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); agricultural research; rural development; FDA; foreign food assistance and trade; farm assistance loans and salaries; food safety inspection; animal and plant health programs; and technical assistance for conservation programs.\nIn the absence of an enacted full-year appropriation, FY2020 began on October 1, 2019, under a continuing resolution (P.L. 116-59, Division A).\nFor the regular annual appropriation, the Trump Administration requested in March 2019 $19.2 billion for discretionary-funded accounts within the jurisdiction of Agriculture appropriations subcommittees. The request would be a reduction of $4.1 billion from FY2019 (-18%). \nOn June 4, 2019, the House Appropriations Committee reported a stand-alone Agriculture appropriations bill (H.R. 3164, H.Rept. 116-107) by a vote of 29-21. On June 25, 2019, the House passed a five-bill minibus appropriation with Agriculture as Division B (H.R. 3055). The discretionary total of the House-passed Agriculture appropriations bill is $24.3 billion. This is $1 billion more (+4%) than the comparable amount that was enacted for FY2019 and $5.1 more (+27%) than the Administration\u2019s request. \nOn September 19, the Senate Appropriations Committee reported its Agriculture appropriations bill (S. 2522, S.Rept. 116-110) by a vote of 31-0. The discretionary total of the Senate-reported bill is $23.1 billion. This is $58 million more than the FY2019 appropriation (+0.3%), $4.2 billion more than the Administration\u2019s request, and $893 million less than the House-passed bill on a comparable amount without CFTC (-3.7%).\nThe primary components of the $1 billion increase in the House-passed bill from FY2019 include increases to rural development accounts by $412 million (+14%, primarily for rural water, broadband, and housing), a rural broadband pilot program by $393 million (+314%), foreign agricultural assistance by $377 million (+19%), departmental administration by $205 million (+53%, primarily for construction to renovate USDA headquarters), agricultural research programming by $197 million (+6%), and FDA appropriations by $185 million (+6%). Reductions in budget authority include decreases to agricultural research buildings and facilities funding by -$331 million, rescinding WIC carryover balances an additional -$300 million, and eliminating temporary funding for international food assistance by -$216 million (with a larger increase to the base appropriation, as noted above in foreign agricultural assistance).\nThe primary differences that comprise the -$893 million difference in the Senate-reported bill from the House-passed bill include providing agricultural research $193 million more than in the House bill and department administration accounts $123 million more than in the House bill. These greater allowances are more than offset by providing rural development $407 million less than in the House bill (largely from rural water and waste disposal grants), rural broadband in the General Provisions title $518 million less than in the House bill, foreign agricultural assistance $159 million less than in the House bill, and FDA $105 million less than the House bill. \nDiscretionary Agriculture Appropriations, by Title, FY2019-FY2020\n/\nSource: CRS, using P.L. 116-6 (Division B), House-passed H.R. 3055 (Division B), and Senate-reported S. 2522.\nNote: FDA = Food and Drug Administration, CFTC = Commodity Futures Trading Commission. For comparability, includes CFTC in Related Agencies in all columns regardless of jurisdiction.\nThe appropriation also carries mandatory spending that is largely determined in separate authorizing laws. These mandatory spending amounts total nearly $131 billion in the House-passed bill and $129 billion in the Senate-reported bill. Thus, the overall total of the FY2020 Agriculture appropriation would be about $155 billion in the House-passed bill and $152 billion in the Senate-reported bill.\nPolicy provisions may also be included that affect how the appropriation is delivered. This year, these provisions include issues such as the relocation of USDA agencies, disaster programs, rural definitions, livestock regulations, nutrition programs, and dietary guidelines.\nBudget sequestration continues to affect mandatory agricultural spending accounts. Sequestration refers to automatic across-the-board reductions in spending authority. In FY2020, sequestration on mandatory spending accounts is 5.9% and totals about $1.4 billion for agriculture accounts. Recent budget acts have extended sequestration through FY2029.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R45974", "sha1": "9626f3d207ea0b04e328e51d876d23190b836569", "filename": "files/20191018_R45974_9626f3d207ea0b04e328e51d876d23190b836569.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/0.png": "files/20191018_R45974_images_177edcbf0758d2a65c44a8b89c58f38a5433c051.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/3.png": "files/20191018_R45974_images_173fddd730ff159fe47db605de7872a1ece4a73e.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/1.png": "files/20191018_R45974_images_42aa106623d98101dfb1a5759f9383f599afd5d1.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/2.png": "files/20191018_R45974_images_10fae67af21ba795d48f1e9a71a57fbb5c8e14fa.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45974_files&id=/4.png": "files/20191018_R45974_images_063acb04ad8996fd1ac0afc3a153b31177b004bf.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R45974", "sha1": "d2d9fb2b48949e423471d01bf0000dd7336687bb", "filename": "files/20191018_R45974_d2d9fb2b48949e423471d01bf0000dd7336687bb.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4830, "name": "Agriculture Budget & Appropriations" }, { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4920, "name": "Agriculture Appropriations" } ] } ], "topics": [ "Agricultural Policy", "Appropriations", "Economic Policy" ] }