{
  "id": "R43064",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "R43064",
  "active": true,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 429895,
      "date": "2014-04-14",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-06T20:30:31.258861",
      "title": "The DHS S&T Directorate: Selected Issues for Congress",
      "summary": "Policy makers generally believe that science and technology can and will play significant roles in improving homeland security. When Congress established the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), through the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-296), it included the Directorate of Science and Technology (S&T) to ensure that the new department had access to science and technology advice and research and development (R&D) capabilities. \nThe S&T Directorate is the primary organization for R&D in DHS. It conducts R&D in several DHS laboratories and funds R&D conducted by other government agencies, the Department of Energy national laboratories, academia, and the private sector. Additionally, the directorate supports the development of operational requirements and oversees the operational testing and evaluation of homeland security systems for DHS. The Homeland Security Act of 2002 provided direction and broadly defined functions for the Under Secretary for Science and Technology and the S&T Directorate. Within this broad statutory framework, congressional and executive branch policy makers face many challenges, including balancing funding for R&D activities, which may not result in a deployable product for many years, with other near-term homeland security needs.\nDespite several restructurings and close congressional oversight, the S&T Directorate continues to face difficulties in meeting congressional expectations. The 113th Congress may consider several policy issues related to the performance of the S&T Directorate. These include \npriority-setting mechanisms for the directorates R&D programs, such as strategic planning and targeting high-priority investments; \nthe scope of the directorates R&D activities, such as balancing incremental efforts with efforts that offer high risk, but high reward; \nwhether R&D efficiency and effectiveness could be enhanced through further consolidations of R&D activities into the S&T Directorate or through dispersing these activities to other entities; and \nthe directorates role in the DHS acquisition process, both in identifying operational requirements and assessing operational effectiveness.",
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    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc227857/",
      "id": "R43064_2013Sep17",
      "date": "2013-09-17",
      "retrieved": "2013-11-05T18:07:05",
      "title": "The DHS S&T Directorate: Selected Issues for Congress",
      "summary": "This report provides a brief overview of the Science and Technology (S&T) Directorate's mission, organization, and budgetary structure; a discussion of selected critiques of the S&T Directorate; and an analysis of selected issues facing congressional policymakers.",
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      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Science policy",
          "name": "Science policy"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Science and social problems",
          "name": "Science and social problems"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "National security",
          "name": "National security"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc463211/",
      "id": "R43064_2013May03",
      "date": "2013-05-03",
      "retrieved": "2014-12-05T09:57:41",
      "title": "The DHS S&T Directorate: Selected Issues for Congress",
      "summary": "This report provides a brief overview of the S&T Directorate's mission, organization, and budgetary structure; a discussion of selected critiques of the S&T Directorate; and an analysis of selected issues facing congressional policymakers.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORT",
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          "filename": "files/20130503_R43064_13b4746652fe40656175737b552bf9467a164707.html"
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      ],
      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Science policy",
          "name": "Science policy"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Science and social problems",
          "name": "Science and social problems"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "National security",
          "name": "National security"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Research and development",
          "name": "Research and development"
        }
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  "topics": [
    "National Defense"
  ]
}