{
  "id": "R42859",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "R42859",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 419722,
      "date": "2013-04-11",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-06T23:31:12.623889",
      "title": "DOD Alternative Fuels: Policy, Initiatives and Legislative Activity",
      "summary": "This report provides background information and identifies issues for Congress regarding Department of Defense (DOD) alternative fuel initiatives, a subject of debate at congressional hearings on DOD\u2019s proposed FY2013 budget. The services (the Army, Navy, and Air Force) have spent approximately $48 million to purchase alternative fuels, and the Navy has proposed a $170 million investment in biofuel production capacity. The services have also spent funds on testing, certification and demonstrations of alternative fuels. By comparison, DOD purchases of petroleum fuels totaled approximately $17.3 billion in FY2011. \nDOD officials have said that any alternative fuels for DOD operational use must \nbe \u201cdrop-in;\u201d that is, requiring no modification to existing engines, and \nbe cost-competitive with conventional petroleum fuels. \nOther desirable characteristics include\nproduction from a non-food crop feedstock; and \nlifecycle greenhouse gas emissions less than or equal to conventional petroleum fuels. \nEach military service has different alternative fuel goals. The Army has the broad aim of increasing the use of renewable energy, but has not adopted any specific alternative fuel goals. The Air Force goals are to test and certify all aircraft and systems on a 50:50 alternative fuel blend by 2012, and to be prepared to acquire 50% of the Air Force\u2019s domestic aviation fuel as an alternative fuel blend by 2016. The Navy\u2019s goals are to deploy a \u201cGreat Green Fleet\u201d strike group of ships and aircraft running entirely on alternative fuel blends by 2016 and to meet 50% of the Navy's total energy consumption from alternative sources by 2020. To meet this goal for its ships, the Navy would need to replace approximately 8 million barrels of petroleum used in its ships with unblended alternative fuels by 2020. \nThe Navy has also entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Department of Energy and the Department of Agriculture to promote the development of a domestic advanced biofuel industry through the construction of domestic biofuel plants and refineries. Under the Defense Production Act, the Navy and the Department of Energy plan to fund this initiative with $340 million in federal funds for capital investment and production, with at least equal cost-sharing from industry. The Department of Agriculture intends to provide an additional $171 million through the Commodity Credit Corporation to support biofuel feedstocks.\nLegislative debate in 2012 related to DOD\u2019s alternative fuels efforts has focused on two areas: (1) proposals in the National Defense Authorization Act for FY2013 (H.R. 4310, S. 3254) to maintain or limit DOD\u2019s ability to purchase alternative fuels and invest in biofuel production capability, and (2) appropriations related to the joint Navy, Department of Energy, and Department of Agriculture biofuel production initiative. \nAdditional areas for potential congressional oversight include the costs and benefits to DOD of alternative fuels, as well as the coordination of alternative fuel initiatives within the services and between DOD and other federal agencies.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "encoding": "utf-8",
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R42859",
          "sha1": "ed5eff7987ecd3f5509f54dcbfa593bb50716324",
          "filename": "files/20130411_R42859_ed5eff7987ecd3f5509f54dcbfa593bb50716324.html",
          "images": null
        },
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "encoding": null,
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R42859",
          "sha1": "689428e03addfe36e216570a2dc374ed4997eacf",
          "filename": "files/20130411_R42859_689428e03addfe36e216570a2dc374ed4997eacf.pdf",
          "images": null
        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc462408/",
      "id": "R42859_2013Feb11",
      "date": "2013-02-11",
      "retrieved": "2014-12-05T09:57:41",
      "title": "DOD Alternative Fuels: Policy, Initiatives and Legislative Activity",
      "summary": "This report provides background information and identifies issues for Congress regarding Department of Defense (DOD) alternative fuel initiatives, a subject of debate at congressional hearings on DOD's proposed FY2013 budget. The services (the Army, Navy, and Air Force) have spent approximately $48 million to purchase alternative fuels, and the Navy has proposed a $170 million investment in biofuel production capacity. The services have also spent funds on testing, certification and demonstrations of alternative fuels. By comparison, DOD purchases of petroleum fuels totaled approximately $17.3 billion in FY2011.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORT",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "filename": "files/20130211_R42859_a7b097c58b6e61517d5afba933d809471f24254d.pdf"
        },
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "filename": "files/20130211_R42859_a7b097c58b6e61517d5afba933d809471f24254d.html"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Alternative energy sources",
          "name": "Alternative energy sources"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Biomass energy",
          "name": "Biomass energy"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Energy",
          "name": "Energy"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Fuel",
          "name": "Fuel"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc805920/",
      "id": "R42859_2012Dec14",
      "date": "2012-12-14",
      "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26",
      "title": "DOD Alternative Fuels: Policy, Initiatives and Legislative Activity",
      "summary": null,
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORT",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "filename": "files/20121214_R42859_331e1442efb5f3e07de033ffa833f3cc9480d79d.pdf"
        },
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "filename": "files/20121214_R42859_331e1442efb5f3e07de033ffa833f3cc9480d79d.html"
        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Appropriations",
    "Economic Policy",
    "National Defense"
  ]
}