FY2024 National Security Supplemental Funding: Defense Appropriations

FY2024 National Security Supplemental Funding: Defense Appropriations

INSIGHTi

FY2024 National Security Supplemental
Funding: Defense Appropriations
Updated April 25, 2024
Background
On October 20, 2023, the Biden Administration submitted to Congress a request for FY2024 emergency
supplemental appropriations to address “key national security priorities.” President Biden characterized
the request as a response to Hamas’ terrorist attacks against Israel and the ongoing Russian invasion of
Ukraine, and asked for approximately $58.6 billion in budget authority for the Department of Defense
(DOD), as well as funds for other executive departments and agencies (e.g., the Departments of State and
Homeland Security).
On February 13, 2024, the Senate passed the National Security Act, 2024 (H.R. 815), which would have,
among other things, provided approximately $67.3 billion in budget authority to DOD for purposes
relating to Ukraine, Israel, and the submarine industrial base. The House did not take up this bill, as
passed by the Senate.
On April 20, 2024, the House passed a series of bills—including the Israel Security Supplemental
Appropriations Act, 2024 (H.R. 8034), the Ukraine Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024
(H.R. 8035), and the Indo-Pacific Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 (H.R. 8036)—that
included approximately $67.3 billion in DOD budget authority for purposes relating to Israel, Ukraine,
and the Indo-Pacific. On April 23, 2024, the Senate approved these measures as a consolidated bill (H.R.
815), and on April 24, 2024, President Biden signed this bill into law as P.L. 118-50.
The enacted appropriations included funding for military personnel (MILPERS); operation and
maintenance (O&M); research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT&E); procurement; and military
construction (MILCON) accounts, as well as for Defense Production Act of 1950 (DPA) purchases. P.L.
118-50 also made appropriations for non-defense accounts, and included policy provisions—such as the
increase of Presidential Drawdown Authority (PDA; 22 U.S.C. §2318) from $100 million to $7.8 billion
for FY2024—relevant to defense issues.
Table 1 provides information on requested, proposed, and enacted supplemental FY2024 DOD
appropriations.
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Table 1. FY2024 Supplemental Funding,
Department of Defense—Military Programs
(In millions of dollars of budget authority)
Initial
House-passed
Appropriation
Admin.
Senate-
Amount (H.R.
Enacted
Title
Requested
passed
8034, H.R.
Amount
Stated Purposesa
Amount
Amount
8035, and H.R.
(P.L. 118-50)
(H.R. 815)
8036)
Israel
O&M
$4,400.0
$4,400.0
$4,400.0
$4,400.0
Replacing defense articles
provided to Israel or other
foreign countries;
reimbursement for services
provided to Israel; and
expanding ammunition plant
capacity and production.
Procurement
$4,801.4
$6,001.4
$6,001.4
$6,001.4
Transfer to the government of
Israel for procurement of the
Iron Dome, David’s Sling, and
Iron Beam defense systems;
and expanding U.S.
ammunition plant capacity
RDT&E
$1,200.0b
-
-
-

DPA Purchases
$198.6
$331.2
$198.6
$198.6
Accelerating production of
defense equipment.
Not Specifiedd

$2,440.0
$2,440.0
$2,440.0
U.S. Central Command
operations, force protection,
deterrence, and replacement
of combat expenditures.
Subtotal, Israel $10,600.0
$13,172.6
$13,040.0
$13,040.0

Ukraine
Support for personnel
MILPERS
$211.6
$238.2
$238.2
$238.2 deploying to the European
theater of operations.
Personnel support, operational
support (e.g., intelligence
analysis, flying hours,
maintenance), and other unit
support costs; replacement of
defense articles provided to
O&M
$37,303.0
$33,975.2
$34,243.7
$34,243.7 Ukraine; reimbursement for
services provided to Ukraine;
defense production capacity
expansion; and Ukraine
Security Assistance Initiative
activities.

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Initial
House-passed
Appropriation
Admin.
Senate-
Amount (H.R.
Enacted
Title
Requested
passed
8034, H.R.
Amount
Stated Purposesa
Amount
Amount
8035, and H.R.
(P.L. 118-50)
(H.R. 815)
8036)
Increasing production of
missile systems; expanding
facilities and production
capacity for critical munitions;
Procurement
$6,370.5
$12,831.5
$13,306.9
$13,306.9 providing ship depot
maintenance for surge ship
support; cybersecurity; and
classified programs.
Cybersecurity; classified
RDT&E
$562.7
$633.4
$633.4
programs; and other support.
Intelligence Community
Management Account ($2.0M);
Other
-
$10.0
$10.0
$10.0 DOD Office of the Inspector
General ($8.0M)
Subtotal,
$44,447.8
$47,688.3
$48,432.2
$48,432.2
Ukraine
Indo-Pacific/Submarine Industrial Base (SIB)d
O&M
$557.8
$557.8
$557.8
$557.8 Improvements at the Navy’s
four public shipyards.
Advance procurement of
submarines and support for
the submarine industrial base,
including initiatives in supplier
Procurement
$2,448.6
$2,448.6
$2,448.6
$2,448.6 development, shipbuilder and
supplier infrastructure,
workforce development,
technology advancements, and
strategic sourcing.
RDT&E
$7.0
$7.0
$7.0
$7.0 Support for the submarine
industrial base
Infrastructure improvements
MILCON
$281.9
$281.9
$281.9
$281.9 at the Navy’s four public
shipyards.
Budget authority and transfer
Not specified
-
$542.4
$542.4
$542.4 authority for U.S. Indo-Pacific
Command unfunded priorities.
Replacing equipment and
reimbursing defense services
O&M
-
$1,900.0
$1,900.0
$1,900.0 provided to the Government
of Taiwan by DOD (or foreign
countries at U.S. request).
Budget authority provided to
Defense-Wide accounts but
O&M
-
$743.9
-
- not specified for Ukraine,
Israel, or Taiwan purposes in
bil text.
DPA Purchases
-
-
$132.6
$132.6 No purpose specified.

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Initial
House-passed
Appropriation
Admin.
Senate-
Amount (H.R.
Enacted
Title
Requested
passed
8034, H.R.
Amount
Stated Purposesa
Amount
Amount
8035, and H.R.
(P.L. 118-50)
(H.R. 815)
8036)
Subtotal, Indo-
Pacific/SIB
$3,295.3
$6,614.1
$5,870.2
$5,870.2
DOD
$58,343.1
$67,342.5
$67,342.5
$67,342.5
Grand Total
Source: CRS analysis of P.L. 118-50, H.R. 815, H.R. 8034, H.R. 8035, H.R. 8036, and Office of Management and Budget,
Letter to Speaker Pro Tempore of the House of Representatives, October 20, 2023, https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-
content/uploads/2023/10/Letter-regarding-critical-national-security-funding-needs-for-FY-2024.pdf.
a. As detailed in the Administration’s initial request and/or the enacted legislation.
b. The administration initially requested these RDT&E funds for transfer to the government of Israel for development of
the Iron Beam defense system. Subsequent bil s made provision for this using Procurement funds.
c. Transfer authority to O&M, Procurement, and Revolving and Management Funds accounts
d. The Administration’s initial request included these appropriations under “Attachment 4 - Submarine Industrial Base”;
the same appropriations were included in the Indo-Pacific Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 (H.R.
8036) and Division C (Indo-Pacific Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024) of P.L. 118-50.
Notes: “Initial Senate-passed Amount” reflects appropriations that would have been provided by H.R. 815 as passed by
the Senate on February 13, 2024. This table does not include non-defense appropriations. “Admin.” is short for
“Administration.”
Discussion
Of the total DOD budget authority provided by P.L. 118-50, $48.43 billion (72%) was for purposes
related to Ukraine, $13.04 billion (19%) for purposes related to Israel, and $5.87 billion (9%) for purposes
related to the Indo-Pacific. These funds were designated as emergency requirements pursuant to the
Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (P.L. 99-177), meaning they do not count
against the spending caps established by the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (P.L. 118-5). Some funds
have been made transferable between different appropriations accounts at DOD’s discretion.
The consideration and passage of P.L. 118-50 were attended by considerable debate among Members,
policymakers, and other stakeholders, particularly regarding provisions relating to Ukraine and Israel.
Since February 2022, the United States has provided more than $44 billion of security assistance to
Ukraine; the United States has also provided defense-related support to Israel following the October 7,
2023 Hamas attacks. For more information, see CRS In Focus IF12040, U.S. Security Assistance to
Ukraine and CRS Report R47828, Israel and Hamas Conflict In Brief: Overview, U.S. Policy, and
Options for Congress.
Ukraine
In total, P.L. 118-50 provided DOD $48.43 billion in new budget authority related to Ukraine.
The majority of this went to DOD O&M accounts, which received $34.2 billion. Of this total, $27.9
billion was provided for the Defense-Wide O&M account “to respond to the situation in Ukraine and for
related expenses,” with the further stipulation that $13.8 billion was to be used for the Ukraine Security
Assistance Initiative, a program to procure defense equipment for provision to Ukraine. In addition, the
act authorized up to $13.4 billion for transfer to O&M, Procurement, and Revolving and Management
Funds accounts to replace equipment provided to Ukraine from U.S. stocks.

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In addition, P.L. 118-50 provided $13.3 billion for various procurement accounts; $633 million for
various RDT&E accounts; and $238 million for various MILPERS accounts.
P.L. 118-50 also authorized DOD to transfer up to $1 billion of these funds between accounts.
Israel
In total, P.L. 118-50 provided DOD $13 billion in new budget authority related to Israel.
The largest portion of this went to DOD procurement accounts, which received $6 billion. Of this total,
$5.2 billion was provided to the Defense-wide Procurement account for transfer directly to the
government of Israel, with the intent that $4 billion be used for Israeli procurement of the Iron Dome and
David’s Sling defense systems and $1.2 billion for Israeli procurement of the Iron Beam defense system.
The remaining $800 million was provided to the Procurement of Ammunition, Army account.
In addition, P.L. 118-50 provided $4.4 billion for the Defense-wide O&M account “to respond to the
situation in Israel,” and authorized the transfer of these funds to other accounts. The legislation also
provided $199 million for the Defense Production Act Purchases (DPAP) account, as well as $2.4 billion
for transfer to MILPERS, O&M, Procurement, RDT&E, or Defense Working Capital Funds accounts to
support “U.S. operations, force protection, deterrence, and the replacement of combat expenditures” in the
Middle East.
Indo-Pacific
In total, P.L. 118-50 provided DOD $5.87 billion in new budget authority related to the Indo-Pacific.
The largest portion of this went to DOD procurement accounts, which received $2.45 billion. Of this total,
$2.16 billion was provided for the Shipbuilding and Conversion, Navy account, with the stipulation that
$1.96 billion would be used for Columbia-class ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) procurement and
$200 million for Virginia-class attack submarine (SSN) procurement. The remaining $294 million was
provided for the Other Procurement, Navy account “to support improvements to the submarine industrial
base.”
In addition, P.L. 118-50 provided $1.9 billion for the O&M, Defense-wide account “to respond to the
situation in Taiwan,” and authorized the transfer of these funds to other accounts to replace equipment
provided to Taiwan. The legislation also appropriated $558 million for the O&M, Navy account to
improve the submarine industrial base.
P.L. 118-50 also appropriated $282 million for the MILCON, Navy and Marine Corps account to improve
the submarine industrial base, as well as $133 million for the DPAP account, $7 million for the RDT&E,
Navy account, and $542 million for transfer to O&M, procurement, and RDT&E accounts to support
FY2024 “unfunded priorities of the United States Indo-Pacific Command.”

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Author Information

Cameron M. Keys
Luke A. Nicastro
Analyst in Defense Logistics and Resource Management
Analyst in U.S. Defense Infrastructure Policy
Policy

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