{ "id": "97-615", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "RL", "number": "97-615", "active": true, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov, EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=97-615", "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "date": "2023-08-29", "typeId": "RL", "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/2023-08-29_97-615_55daeda61006dd848f19e9186b43181c164c5681.pdf", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/RL/97-615/73", "sha1": "55daeda61006dd848f19e9186b43181c164c5681" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2023-08-29_97-615_55daeda61006dd848f19e9186b43181c164c5681.html" } ], "type": "CRS Report", "summary": null, "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2023", "retrieved": "2023-10-01T04:03:28.292941", "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "id": "97-615_73_2023-08-29" }, { "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=97-615", "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "date": "2023-05-04", "typeId": "RL", "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/2023-05-04_97-615_bd97529565d74b6748ecd32a358cd3aafd78f768.pdf", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/RL/97-615/71", "sha1": "bd97529565d74b6748ecd32a358cd3aafd78f768" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2023-05-04_97-615_bd97529565d74b6748ecd32a358cd3aafd78f768.html" } ], "type": "CRS Report", "summary": null, "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2023", "retrieved": "2023-10-01T04:03:28.291671", "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "id": "97-615_71_2023-05-04" }, { "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=97-615", "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "date": "2022-08-08", "typeId": "RL", "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": 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"CRSReports.Congress.gov", "id": "97-615_67_2021-01-26" }, { "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=97-615", "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "date": "2020-08-18", "typeId": "RL", "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/2020-08-18_97-615_1240b5a9914c6ec5384c664dfcd6e589583278e4.pdf", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/RL/97-615/65", "sha1": "1240b5a9914c6ec5384c664dfcd6e589583278e4" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2020-08-18_97-615_1240b5a9914c6ec5384c664dfcd6e589583278e4.html" } ], "type": "CRS Report", "summary": null, "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2023", "retrieved": "2023-10-01T04:03:28.287818", "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "id": "97-615_65_2020-08-18" }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 613659, "date": "2020-01-13", "retrieved": "2020-01-15T23:06:43.089606", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2019", "summary": "Article I, Section 6, of the U.S. Constitution requires that compensation for Members of Congress be \u201cascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.\u201d \nCongress has relied on three different methods in adjusting salaries for Members. Specific legislation was last used to provide increases in 1990 and 1991. It was the only method used by Congress for many years.\nThe second method, under which annual adjustments took effect automatically unless disapproved by Congress, was established in 1975. From 1975 to 1989, these annual adjustments were based on the rate of annual comparability increases given to the General Schedule (GS) federal employees. This method was changed by the 1989 Ethics Act to require that the annual adjustment be determined by a formula based on certain elements of the Employment Cost Index (ECI). Under this revised process, annual adjustments were accepted 13 times (scheduled for January 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2009) and denied 17 times (scheduled for January 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020). \nSince January 2009, the salary for Members of Congress has been $174,000. Subsequent adjustments were denied by P.L. 111-8 (enacted March 11, 2009), P.L. 111-165 (May 14, 2010), P.L. 111-322 (December 22, 2010), P.L. 112-175 (September 28, 2012), P.L. 112-240 (January 2, 2013), P.L. 113-46 (October 17, 2013), P.L. 113-235 (December 16, 2014), P.L. 114-113 (December 18, 2015), P.L. 114-254 (December 10, 2016), P.L. 115-141 (March 23, 2018), P.L. 115-244 (September 21, 2018), and P.L. 116-94 (December 20, 2019). \nAlthough provisions prohibiting the annual adjustment often appear in appropriations acts, both the automatic annual adjustments and funding for Members\u2019 salaries are provided pursuant to other laws (2 U.S.C. \u00a74501)\u2014not the annual appropriations bills\u2014and a provision prohibiting the scheduled adjustment could be included in any bill, or introduced as a separate bill. \nA third method for adjusting Member pay is congressional action pursuant to recommendations from the President, based on the recommendations of the Citizens\u2019 Commission on Public Service and Compensation established in the 1989 Ethics Reform Act. Although the Citizens\u2019 Commission was to have convened in 1993, it did not and has not met since then. \nThis report contains information on actions taken affecting each pay year since the establishment of the Ethics Reform Act adjustment procedure. It also provides information on other floor action related to pay for Members of Congress. \nCRS Report 97-1011, Salaries of Members of Congress: Recent Actions and Historical Tables, by Ida A. Brudnick, has additional information on the rate of pay for Members of Congress since 1789; recent proposals to change Member pay; the adjustments projected by the Ethics Reform Act as compared with actual pay adjustments; details on enacted legislation with language prohibiting the automatic annual pay adjustment; and Member pay in constant and current dollars since 1992. \nMembers of Congress only receive salaries during the terms for which they are elected. Former Members of Congress may be eligible for retirement benefits. For additional information on retirement benefit requirements, contributions, and formulas, see CRS Report RL30631, Retirement Benefits for Members of Congress, by Katelin P. Isaacs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/97-615", "sha1": "12c695c23ac662090c78f65076a37394c2a670fb", "filename": "files/20200113_97-615_12c695c23ac662090c78f65076a37394c2a670fb.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/97-615", "sha1": "b8894ded55e59663042ea30a72f5d556b1c9c4b6", "filename": "files/20200113_97-615_b8894ded55e59663042ea30a72f5d556b1c9c4b6.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4777, "name": "Congressional Operations, Leadership, & Funding" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 588003, "date": "2018-11-26", "retrieved": "2019-12-20T20:34:35.658171", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2018", "summary": "Article I, Section 6, of the U.S. Constitution requires that compensation for Members of Congress be \u201cascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.\u201d \nCongress has relied on three different methods in adjusting salaries for Members. Specific legislation was last used to provide increases in 1990 and 1991. It was the only method used by Congress for many years.\nThe second method, under which annual adjustments took effect automatically unless disapproved by Congress, was established in 1975. From 1975 to 1989, these annual adjustments were based on the rate of annual comparability increases given to the General Schedule (GS) federal employees. This method was changed by the 1989 Ethics Act to require that the annual adjustment be determined by a formula based on certain elements of the Employment Cost Index (ECI). Under this revised process, annual adjustments were accepted 13 times (scheduled for January 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2009) and denied 16 times (scheduled for January 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019). \nSince January 2009, the salary for Members of Congress has been $174,000. Subsequent adjustments were denied by P.L. 111-8 (enacted March 11, 2009), P.L. 111-165 (May 14, 2010), P.L. 111-322 (December 22, 2010), P.L. 112-175 (September 28, 2012), P.L. 112-240 (January 2, 2013), P.L. 113-46 (October 17, 2013), P.L. 113-235 (December 16, 2014), P.L. 114-113 (December 18, 2015), P.L. 114-254 (December 10, 2016), P.L. 115-141 (March 23, 2018), and P.L. 115-244 (September 21, 2018). \nAlthough provisions prohibiting the annual adjustment often appear in appropriations acts, both the automatic annual adjustments and funding for Members\u2019 salaries are provided pursuant to other laws (2 U.S.C. \u00a74501)\u2014not the annual appropriations bills\u2014and a provision prohibiting the scheduled adjustment could be included in any bill, or introduced as a separate bill. \nA third method for adjusting Member pay is congressional action pursuant to recommendations from the President, based on the recommendations of the Citizens\u2019 Commission on Public Service and Compensation established in the 1989 Ethics Reform Act. Although the Citizens\u2019 Commission was to have convened in 1993, it did not and has not met since then. \nThis report contains information on actions taken affecting each pay year since the establishment of the Ethics Reform Act adjustment procedure. It also provides information on other floor action related to pay for Members of Congress. \nCRS Report 97-1011, Salaries of Members of Congress: Recent Actions and Historical Tables, by Ida A. Brudnick, has additional information on the rate of pay for Members of Congress since 1789; recent proposals to change Member pay; the adjustments projected by the Ethics Reform Act as compared with actual pay adjustments; details on enacted legislation with language prohibiting the automatic annual pay adjustment; and Member pay in constant and current dollars since 1992. \nMembers of Congress only receive salaries during the terms for which they are elected. Former Members of Congress may be eligible for retirement benefits. For additional information on retirement benefit requirements, contributions, and formulas, see CRS Report RL30631, Retirement Benefits for Members of Congress, by Katelin P. Isaacs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/97-615", "sha1": "b4b6d74230a3c8ff55ebcd7e046ad899d0597011", "filename": "files/20181126_97-615_b4b6d74230a3c8ff55ebcd7e046ad899d0597011.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/97-615", "sha1": "516c618d9fce0f4aecfe680a14f9a56cf3887458", "filename": "files/20181126_97-615_516c618d9fce0f4aecfe680a14f9a56cf3887458.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4777, "name": "Congressional Operations, Leadership, & Funding" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 584767, "date": "2018-04-11", "retrieved": "2018-10-06T00:16:08.081564", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2018", "summary": "Article I, Section 6, of the U.S. Constitution requires that compensation for Members of Congress be \u201cascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.\u201d \nCongress has relied on three different methods in adjusting salaries for Members. Specific legislation was last used to provide increases in 1990 and 1991. It was the only method used by Congress for many years.\nThe second method, under which annual adjustments took effect automatically unless disapproved by Congress, was established in 1975. From 1975 to 1989, these annual adjustments were based on the rate of annual comparability increases given to the General Schedule (GS) federal employees. This method was changed by the 1989 Ethics Act to require that the annual adjustment be determined by a formula based on certain elements of the Employment Cost Index (ECI). Under this revised process, annual adjustments were accepted 13 times (scheduled for January 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2009) and denied 15 times (scheduled for January 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018). \nSince January 2009, the salary for Members of Congress has been $174,000. Subsequent adjustments were denied by P.L. 111-8 (enacted March 11, 2009), P.L. 111-165 (May 14, 2010), P.L. 111-322 (December 22, 2010), P.L. 112-175 (September 28, 2012), P.L. 112-240 (January 2, 2013), P.L. 113-46 (October 17, 2013), P.L. 113-235 (December 16, 2014), P.L. 114-113 (December 18, 2015), P.L. 114-254 (December 10, 2016), and P.L. 115-141 (March 23, 2018). \nThe maximum potential January 2019 member pay adjustment is 2.3%, or $4,000.\nAlthough provisions prohibiting the annual adjustment often appear in appropriations acts, both the automatic annual adjustments and funding for Members\u2019 salaries are provided pursuant to other laws (2 U.S.C. \u00a74501)\u2014not the annual appropriations bills\u2014and a provision prohibiting the scheduled adjustment could be included in any bill, or introduced as a separate bill. \nA third method for adjusting Member pay is congressional action pursuant to recommendations from the President, based on the recommendations of the Citizens\u2019 Commission on Public Service and Compensation established in the 1989 Ethics Reform Act. Although the Citizens\u2019 Commission was to have convened in 1993, it did not and has not met since then. \nThis report contains information on actions taken affecting each pay year since the establishment of the Ethics Reform Act adjustment procedure. It also provides information on other floor action related to pay for Members of Congress. \nCRS Report 97-1011, Salaries of Members of Congress: Recent Actions and Historical Tables, by Ida A. Brudnick, has additional information on the rate of pay for Members of Congress since 1789; recent proposals to change Member pay; the adjustments projected by the Ethics Reform Act as compared with actual pay adjustments; details on enacted legislation with language prohibiting the automatic annual pay adjustment; and Member pay in constant and current dollars since 1992. \nMembers of Congress only receive salaries during the terms for which they are elected. Former Members of Congress may be eligible for retirement benefits. For additional information on retirement benefit requirements, contributions, and formulas, see CRS Report RL30631, Retirement Benefits for Members of Congress, by Katelin P. Isaacs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/97-615", "sha1": "a08743ea1292b58a9dcaaa8e680eff535dea4d45", "filename": "files/20180411_97-615_a08743ea1292b58a9dcaaa8e680eff535dea4d45.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/97-615", "sha1": "e3d809c6553c81ec2ec57bfdb9256a8cb29c4680", "filename": "files/20180411_97-615_e3d809c6553c81ec2ec57bfdb9256a8cb29c4680.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4777, "name": "Congressional Operations, Leadership, & Funding" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 462735, "date": "2017-07-13", "retrieved": "2017-08-22T13:55:44.882138", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2017", "summary": "Article I, Section 6, of the U.S. Constitution requires that compensation for Members of Congress be \u201cascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.\u201d Congress has relied on three different methods in adjusting salaries for Members. Specific legislation was last used to provide increases in 1990 and 1991. It was the only method used by Congress for many years.\nThe second method, under which annual adjustments took effect automatically unless disapproved by Congress, was established in 1975. From 1975 to 1989, these annual adjustments were based on the rate of annual comparability increases given to the General Schedule (GS) federal employees. This method was changed by the 1989 Ethics Act to require that the annual adjustment be determined by a formula based on certain elements of the Employment Cost Index (ECI). Under this revised process, annual adjustments were accepted 13 times (scheduled for January 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2009) and denied 14 times (scheduled for January 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017). \nSince January 2009, the salary for Members of Congress has been $174,000. Subsequent adjustments were denied by P.L. 111-8 (enacted March 11, 2009), P.L. 111-165 (May 14, 2010), P.L. 111-322 (December 22, 2010), P.L. 112-175 (September 28, 2012), P.L. 112-240 (January 2, 2013), P.L. 113-46 (October 17, 2013), P.L. 113-235 (December 16, 2014), P.L. 114-113 (December 18, 2015), and P.L. 114-254 (December 10, 2016). \nThe maximum potential January 2018 pay adjustment is 1.8%, or $3,100. The FY2018 legislative branch appropriations bill, H.R. 3162, as reported by the House Appropriations Committee, would prevent this adjustment. \nAlthough provisions prohibiting the annual adjustment often appear in appropriations acts, both the automatic annual adjustments and funding for Members\u2019 salaries are provided pursuant to other laws (2 U.S.C. \u00a74501)\u2014not the annual appropriations bills\u2014and a provision prohibiting the scheduled adjustment could be included in any bill, or introduced as a separate bill. \nA third method for adjusting Member pay is congressional action pursuant to recommendations from the President, based on the recommendations of the Citizens\u2019 Commission on Public Service and Compensation established in the 1989 Ethics Reform Act. Although the Citizens\u2019 Commission was to have convened in 1993, it did not and has not met since then. \nThis report contains information on actions taken affecting each pay year since the establishment of the Ethics Reform Act adjustment procedure. It also provides information on other floor action related to pay for Members of Congress. \nCRS Report 97-1011, Salaries of Members of Congress: Recent Actions and Historical Tables, by Ida A. Brudnick, has additional information on the rate of pay for Members of Congress since 1789; recent proposals to change Member pay; the adjustments projected by the Ethics Reform Act as compared with actual pay adjustments; details on enacted legislation with language prohibiting the automatic annual pay adjustment; and Member pay in constant and current dollars since 1992. \nMembers of Congress only receive salaries during the terms for which they are elected. Former Members of Congress may be eligible for retirement benefits. For additional information on retirement benefit requirements, contributions, and formulas, see CRS Report RL30631, Retirement Benefits for Members of Congress, by Katelin P. Isaacs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/97-615", "sha1": "72e109450fb99d27e6cc1d5e1db23730ea75faac", "filename": "files/20170713_97-615_72e109450fb99d27e6cc1d5e1db23730ea75faac.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/97-615", "sha1": "38303c1c9b4c4ac6b394b46affad6ce5e29cac0d", "filename": "files/20170713_97-615_38303c1c9b4c4ac6b394b46affad6ce5e29cac0d.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4777, "name": "Congressional Operations, Leadership, & Funding" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 453650, "date": "2016-06-21", "retrieved": "2016-09-09T19:20:36.975440", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2016", "summary": "Article I, Section 6, of the U.S. Constitution requires that compensation for Members of Congress be \u201cascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.\u201d Congress has relied on three different methods in adjusting salaries for Members. Specific legislation was last used to provide increases in 1990 and 1991. It was the only method used by Congress for many years.\nThe second method, under which annual adjustments took effect automatically unless disapproved by Congress, was established in 1975. From 1975 to 1989, these annual adjustments were based on the rate of annual comparability increases given to the General Schedule (GS) federal employees. This method was changed by the 1989 Ethics Act to require that the annual adjustment be determined by a formula based on certain elements of the Employment Cost Index (ECI). Under this revised process, annual adjustments were accepted 13 times (scheduled for January 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2009) and denied 13 times (scheduled for January 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016). \nSince January 2009, the salary for Members of Congress has been $174,000. Subsequent adjustments were denied by P.L. 111-8 (enacted March 11, 2009), P.L. 111-165 (May 14, 2010), P.L. 111-322 (December 22, 2010), P.L. 112-175 (September 28, 2012), P.L. 112-240 (January 2, 2013), P.L. 113-46 (October 17, 2013), P.L. 113-235 (December 16, 2014), and P.L. 114-113 (December 18, 2015). \nThe maximum potential January 2017 member pay adjustment is 1.6%, or $2,800. Both the House-passed (H.R. 5325) and Senate-reported (S. 2955) versions of the FY2017 legislative branch appropriations bill\u2014which would provide approximately $4.4 billion in funding for the activities of the House of Representatives, Senate, and legislative branch support agencies\u2014contain a provision that would prohibit this adjustment. The Member pay provision was included in the bills as introduced and no separate votes have been held on this provision. Both the automatic annual adjustments and funding for Members\u2019 salaries are provided pursuant to other laws (2 U.S.C. \u00a74501)\u2014not the annual appropriations bills\u2014and a provision prohibiting the scheduled 2017 adjustment could be included in any bill, or introduced as a separate bill.\nA third method for adjusting Member pay is congressional action pursuant to recommendations from the President, based on the recommendations of the Citizens\u2019 Commission on Public Service and Compensation established in the 1989 Ethics Reform Act. Although the Citizens\u2019 Commission was to have convened in 1993, it did not and has not met since then. \nThis report contains information on actions taken affecting each pay year since the establishment of the Ethics Reform Act adjustment procedure. It also provides information on other floor action related to pay for Members of Congress. \nCRS Report 97-1011, Salaries of Members of Congress: Recent Actions and Historical Tables, by Ida A. Brudnick, has additional information on the rate of pay for Members of Congress since 1789; recent proposals to change Member pay; the adjustments projected by the Ethics Reform Act as compared with actual pay adjustments; details on enacted legislation with language prohibiting the automatic annual pay adjustment; and Member pay in constant and current dollars since 1992. \nMembers of Congress only receive salaries during the terms for which they are elected. Former Members of Congress may be eligible for retirement benefits. For additional information on retirement benefit requirements, contributions, and formulas, see CRS Report RL30631, Retirement Benefits for Members of Congress, by Katelin P. Isaacs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/97-615", "sha1": "f17d94e726ac86a81488f35c7edac37281e5d840", "filename": "files/20160621_97-615_f17d94e726ac86a81488f35c7edac37281e5d840.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/97-615", "sha1": "37511f429b58b155dbdfffbc00186f9191091480", "filename": "files/20160621_97-615_37511f429b58b155dbdfffbc00186f9191091480.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "CongOpsList", "id": 4158, "name": "Compensation and Benefits" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 448344, "date": "2015-12-23", "retrieved": "2016-04-06T17:38:59.619800", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2015", "summary": "The U.S. Constitution, in Article I, Section 6, authorizes compensation for Members of Congress \u201cascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.\u201d Throughout American history, Congress has relied on three different methods in adjusting salaries for Members. Specific legislation was last used to provide increases in 1990 and 1991. It was the only method used by Congress for many years.\nThe second method, under which annual adjustments took effect automatically unless disapproved by Congress, was established in 1975. From 1975 to 1989, these annual adjustments were based on the rate of annual comparability increases given to the General Schedule (GS) federal employees. This method was changed by the 1989 Ethics Act to require that the annual adjustment be determined by a formula based on certain elements of the Employment Cost Index (ECI). Under this revised process, annual adjustments were accepted 13 times (scheduled for January 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2009) and denied 12 times (scheduled for January 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016). \nSince January 2009, the salary for Members of Congress has been $174,000. Subsequent adjustments were denied by P.L. 111-8 (enacted March 11, 2009), P.L. 111-165 (May 14, 2010), P.L. 111-322 (December 22, 2010), P.L. 112-175 (September 28, 2012), P.L. 112-240 (January 2, 2013), P.L. 113-46 (October 17, 2013), P.L. 113-235 (December 16, 2014), and P.L. 114-113 (December 18, 2015). \nA third method for adjusting Member pay is congressional action pursuant to recommendations from the President, based on the recommendations of the Citizens\u2019 Commission on Public Service and Compensation established in the 1989 Ethics Reform Act. Although the Citizens\u2019 Commission was to have convened in 1993, it did not and has not met since then. \nIn recent Congresses, bills have been introduced to alter the adjustment procedure, reduce the pay of Members of Congress, extend the current pay freeze, prohibit pay during a government shutdown, and apply any sequester to Member pay.\nThis report contains information on actions taken affecting each pay year since the establishment of the Ethics Reform Act adjustment procedure. It also provides information on other floor action related to pay for Members of Congress.\nFor historical tables on the rate of pay for Members of Congress since 1789; the adjustments projected by the Ethics Reform Act as compared with actual adjustments in Member pay; details on enacted legislation with language prohibiting the automatic annual pay adjustment; and Member pay in constant and current dollars since 1992, see CRS Report 97-1011, Salaries of Members of Congress: Recent Actions and Historical Tables, by Ida A. Brudnick.\nMembers of Congress only receive salaries during the terms for which they are elected. Former Members of Congress may be eligible for retirement benefits. For additional information on retirement benefit requirements, contributions, and formulas, see CRS Report RL30631, Retirement Benefits for Members of Congress, by Katelin P. Isaacs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/97-615", "sha1": "885fec387451396123a5f745d443bee0df905e34", "filename": "files/20151223_97-615_885fec387451396123a5f745d443bee0df905e34.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/97-615", "sha1": "90a92d3488424903b1150ec3543b8f2278366902", "filename": "files/20151223_97-615_90a92d3488424903b1150ec3543b8f2278366902.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "CongOpsList", "id": 4158, "name": "Compensation and Benefits" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc689191/", "id": "97-615_2015Jun08", "date": "2015-06-08", "retrieved": "2015-08-03T15:06:47", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2015", "summary": "This report discusses the process through which members of Congress are compensated. Members of Congress only receive salaries during the terms for which they are elected. Former Members of Congress may be eligible for retirement benefits. This report contains information on actions taken affecting each pay year since the establishment of the Ethics Reform Act adjustment procedure. It also provides information on other floor action related to pay for Members of Congress.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20150608_97-615_9a340e4fd1637c2a6147ee400507a54d44c36168.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20150608_97-615_9a340e4fd1637c2a6147ee400507a54d44c36168.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Members of Congress", "name": "Members of Congress" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congressional salaries", "name": "Congressional salaries" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Wages", "name": "Wages" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Salaries", "name": "Salaries" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congressional voting", "name": "Congressional voting" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc821921/", "id": "97-615_2015Apr15", "date": "2015-04-15", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2015", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20150415_97-615_6aa09b1bf0a0d7c26074269fcb5909567063bad6.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20150415_97-615_6aa09b1bf0a0d7c26074269fcb5909567063bad6.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc490942/", "id": "97-615_2014Oct27", "date": "2014-10-27", "retrieved": "2015-01-27T19:40:46", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2014", "summary": "The report contains information on the pay procedure for members of Congress and recent adjustments. It provides information on previous actions and votes by year.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20141027_97-615_188051f323c0b65d4204bc66d89e3bb9814f9781.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20141027_97-615_188051f323c0b65d4204bc66d89e3bb9814f9781.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Members of Congress", "name": "Members of Congress" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congressional salaries", "name": "Congressional salaries" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Wages", "name": "Wages" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Salaries", "name": "Salaries" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congressional voting", "name": "Congressional voting" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc282341/", "id": "97-615_2014Feb03", "date": "2014-02-03", "retrieved": "2014-04-02T19:38:14", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2013", "summary": "The report contains information on the pay procedure for members of Congress and recent adjustments. It provides information on previous actions and votes by year, from 1990-2010.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20140203_97-615_5fb858fb851e68fb4817c7e826c43e798df583a3.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20140203_97-615_5fb858fb851e68fb4817c7e826c43e798df583a3.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Members of Congress", "name": "Members of Congress" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congressional salaries", "name": "Congressional salaries" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Wages", "name": "Wages" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Salaries", "name": "Salaries" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congressional voting", "name": "Congressional voting" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271987/", "id": "97-615_2013Nov04", "date": "2013-11-04", "retrieved": "2014-02-03T19:46:03", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2013", "summary": "The report contains information on the pay procedure of members of Congress and recent adjustments. It provides information on previous actions and votes by year, from 1990-2010.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20131104_97-615_1f07d950fc54e1c75e14a7f2af7f21c787db0b0e.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20131104_97-615_1f07d950fc54e1c75e14a7f2af7f21c787db0b0e.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Members of Congress", "name": "Members of Congress" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congressional salaries", "name": "Congressional salaries" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Wages", "name": "Wages" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Salaries", "name": "Salaries" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congressional voting", "name": "Congressional voting" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc227617/", "id": "97-615_2013Jun20", "date": "2013-06-20", "retrieved": "2013-11-05T18:07:05", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2013", "summary": "Report that contains information on the pay procedure of members of Congress and recent adjustments. It provides information on previous actions and votes by year, from 1990-2010.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20130620_97-615_c22f21982124598c37fd74d250f171a48561b9eb.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20130620_97-615_c22f21982124598c37fd74d250f171a48561b9eb.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Members of Congress", "name": "Members of Congress" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congressional salaries", "name": "Congressional salaries" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Wages", "name": "Wages" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Salaries", "name": "Salaries" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congressional voting", "name": "Congressional voting" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc810140/", "id": "97-615_2012Jan04", "date": "2012-01-04", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2011", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20120104_97-615_3db4506e5ea5c6d14873ecdb71c0e3b80afe3fcb.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20120104_97-615_3db4506e5ea5c6d14873ecdb71c0e3b80afe3fcb.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc808296/", "id": "97-615_2011Sep07", "date": "2011-09-07", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2011", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20110907_97-615_5f7de1eb854b87f72d44a215a2fe50039deda2f9.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20110907_97-615_5f7de1eb854b87f72d44a215a2fe50039deda2f9.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc83835/", "id": "97-615_2011Feb09", "date": "2011-02-09", "retrieved": "2012-04-27T15:49:45", "title": "Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2010", "summary": "The U.S. Constitution, in Article I, Section 6, authorizes compensation for Members of Congress \"ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.\" Throughout American history, Congress has relied on three different methods in adjusting salaries for Members. 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Standalone legislation was last used to provide increases in 1990 and 1991. It was the only method used by Congress for many years. The second method, under which annual adjustments took effect automatically unless disapproved by Congress, was established in 1975. 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