{
  "id": "97-475",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "97-475",
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  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
  "versions": [
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      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 100668,
      "date": "1998-09-01",
      "retrieved": "2016-05-24T20:51:58.921941",
      "title": "Bosnia Stabilization Force (SFOR) and U.S. Policy",
      "summary": "In December 1995, a NATO-led implementation force (IFOR) was deployed to Bosnia to enforce\nthe military aspects of the Bosnian peace agreement. President Clinton said the deployment would\nlast \"about one year.\" IFOR successfully completed its main military tasks, but implementation of\nthe civilian aspects of the accord, for which IFOR did not have direct responsibility, was at best a\nmixed success. Faced with the possible collapse of the peace agreement if IFOR pulled out, on\nNovember 15, 1996, President Clinton pledged to keep U.S. troops in Bosnia as part of a NATO-led\nStabilization Force (SFOR) until June 1998. A similar state of affairs a little over a year later led\nthe President to announce on December 18, 1997 that he had agreed in principle that U.S. forces\nshould participate in a Bosnia peacekeeping force after the mandate of the current SFOR expired in\nJune 1998. \n  In a March 1998 certification to Congress, the President proposed that SFOR not be assigned\na fixed end-date, but asserted that the deployment will not be open-ended. He outlined ten\nconditions to be met in Bosnia in order for the NATO-led force to be withdrawn: continuation of the\ncease-fire; a restructured, re-trained and re-integrated police; effective judicial reform; dissolution\nof illegal pre-Dayton institutions; democratically regulated media and access to independent media;\nfree and democratic elections with implemented results; free-market reforms, with an economic\nprogram worked out with the International Monetary Fund; phased and orderly minority refugee\nreturns; a functioning multi-ethnic administration in Brcko; and full cooperation by the parties with\nthe war crimes tribunal.\n  The composition of SFOR has varied little since the renewal of its mandate in June 1998 as\n Operation Joint Forge . As of July 1998, it comprises forces from 34 countries, totaling\napproximately 35,000 troops. The U.S. contingent in Bosnia remains at about 8,300, but by October\n1998 it will be reduced to 6,900. One notable change in the SFOR force structure has been the\naddition of a 600-man Multinational Specialized Unit (MSU) to deal with outbreaks of civil\nviolence. SFOR's main mission remains enforcing the military aspects of the Dayton peace accords,\nbut over the last year NATO has become increasingly willing to devote resources to supporting key\ncivil implementation tasks.\n  After fierce debate, the House and Senate passed separate resolutions in December 1995\nexpressing support for the U.S. troops in Bosnia, although not necessarily for the mission itself. \nLegislative efforts to bar funds for the deployment of U.S. troops to Bosnia were narrowly rejected.\nIn the 105th Congress, similar efforts to bar a U.S. deployment after June 1998 were also rejected,\nalthough the FY 1998 defense authorization and appropriations laws contain reporting requirements\nthat must be fulfilled before an extended deployment may take place. During its debate on the FY\n1999 defense authorization and appropriations bills, the Senate rejected attempts to force a gradual\nreduction in U.S. forces in Bosnia, but approved a sense-of-the-Senate amendment that called for\nthe withdrawal of U.S. forces \"within a reasonable period of time.\"",
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    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc816418/",
      "id": "97-475_1998Jan29",
      "date": "1998-01-29",
      "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26",
      "title": "Bosnia Stabilization Force (SFOR) and U.S. Policy",
      "summary": null,
      "type": "CRS Report",
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  "topics": [
    "Appropriations",
    "European Affairs",
    "Foreign Affairs",
    "National Defense"
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}