{
  "id": "95-712",
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      "date": "2009-12-28",
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      "title": "The Effects on U.S. Farm Workers of an Agricultural Guest Worker Program",
      "summary": "Guest worker programs are meant to assure employers (e.g., fruit, vegetable, and horticultural specialty growers) of an adequate supply of labor when and where it is needed while not adding permanent residents to the U.S. population. They include mechanisms such as the H-2A program\u2019s labor certification process to avoid adversely affecting the wages and working conditions of comparable U.S. workers. If changes to the H-2A program or creation of a new agricultural guest worker program led growers to employ many more aliens, the effects of the Bracero program might be instructive: although the 1942-1964 Bracero program succeeded in expanding the farm labor supply, studies estimate that it also harmed domestic farm workers through reduced wages and employment. The magnitudes of these adverse effects might differ today depending upon how much the U.S. farm labor and product markets have changed over time, but their direction likely would be the same.",
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      "title": "The Effects on U.S. Farm Workers of an Agricultural Guest Worker Program",
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      "id": "95-712_2007Apr25",
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      "title": "The Effects on U.S. Farm Workers of an Agricultural Guest Worker Program",
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      "id": "95-712_2006Dec12",
      "date": "2006-12-12",
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      "title": "The Effects on U.S. Farm Workers of an Agricultural Guest Worker Program",
      "summary": "This report discusses the debate concerning an agricultural guest worker program and the impact such a program might have on U.S. workers. Guest worker programs are meant to assure employers (e.g., fruit, vegetable, and horticultural specialty growers) of an adequate supply of labor when and where it is needed, while not adding permanent residents to the U.S. population. They include mechanisms -- such as the H-2A program's labor certification process -- intended to avoid adversely affecting the wages and working conditions of similarly-employed U.S. workers.",
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          "id": "Labor",
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      "id": "95-712_2006Mar09",
      "date": "2006-03-09",
      "retrieved": "2016-01-13T14:26:20",
      "title": "The Effects on U.S. Farm Workers of an Agricultural Guest Worker Program",
      "summary": "This report discusses the debate concerning an agricultural guest worker program and the impact an agricultural guest worker program might have on U.S. workers. Guest worker programs are meant to assure employers (e.g., fruit, vegetable, and horticultural specialty growers) of an adequate supply of labor when and where it is needed while not adding permanent residents to the U.S. population. They include mechanisms, such as the H-2A program's labor certification process, intended to avoid adversely affecting the wages and working conditions of similarly employed U.S. workers.",
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          "id": "Labor",
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          "id": "Agricultural labor",
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          "id": "Agricultural wages",
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          "id": "Immigration",
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      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc817019/",
      "id": "95-712_2004Feb20",
      "date": "2004-02-20",
      "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26",
      "title": "Immigration: The Labor Market Effects of a Guest Worker Program for U.S. Farmers",
      "summary": null,
      "type": "CRS Report",
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  "topics": [
    "Immigration Policy"
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}