Legal Sidebari
Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson:
Selected Primary Material
Updated March 3, 2022
On February 25, 2022, President Joseph Biden announced the nomination of Judge Ketanji Brown
Jackson of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit) to become an
Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. This nomination is to fill the impending vacancy on the
Court caused by Justice Stephen Breyer’s announcement of his intention to retire from the Court effective
“when the Court rises for the summer recess this year (typically late June or early July).”
This Sidebar contains reference information about Judge Jackson, including a biography; a list of
publications she authored or coauthored; legislative documentation related to her previous nominations; a
selection of her written opinions; a list of Supreme Court briefs to which she contributed; and additional
resources. For more on Judge Jackson’s notable decisions in areas of interest to Congress, please see The
Supreme Court Nomination of Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson: Initial Observations.
Biographical Sketch
Judge Jackson currently is a judge on the D.C. Circuit, having been confirmed by the Senate on June 14,
2021. President Biden nominated Judge Jackson to the D.C. Circuit to fill the seat vacated by Judge
Merrick B. Garland, and she received her commission on June 17, 2021. Before her appointment to the
D.C. Circuit, Judge Jackson served as a judge for the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia
(D.C. District Court). Judge Jackson was nominated for this seat by President Obama on January 4, 2013,
confirmed on March 23, 2013, and received her commission on March 26, 2013.
Judge Jackson was born in Washington, DC, in 1970. She graduated magna cum laude from Harvard
University in 1992, and graduated cum laude from Harvard Law School in 1996. While at Harvard Law,
Judge Jackson served as a supervising editor of the Harvard Law Review. Following her graduation,
Judge Jackson served as a law clerk for Judge Patti B. Saris of the U.S. District Court for the District of
Massachusetts. From 1997 to 1998, she clerked for Judge Bruce M. Selya of the U.S. Court of Appeals
for the First Circuit. From 1999 to 2000, Judge Jackson was a law clerk for Associate Justice Stephen
Breyer of the U.S. Supreme Court.
Judge Jackson first entered private practice in 1998, working as an associate with Miller Cassidy Larroca
& Lewin LLP. In 2000, she joined Goodwin Procter LLP, followed by the Feinberg Group, LLP (from
Congressional Research Service
https://crsreports.congress.gov
LSB10702
CRS Legal Sidebar
Prepared for Members and
Committees of Congress
Congressional Research Service
2
2002 until 2003), and Morrison & Foerster LLP (from 2007 until 2010), where she worked with a practice
that focused on criminal and civil appellate litigation in both state and federal courts.
From 2003 until 2005, Judge Jackson served as an assistant special counsel for the U.S. Sentencing
Commission. In 2005, Judge Jackson became an assistant federal public defender in the appeals division
of the Office of the Federal Public Defender for the District of Columbia, where she served until 2007.
Judge Jackson returned to the U.S. Sentencing Commission in 2010, serving as the Vice Chair and
Commissioner. She remained at the Sentencing Commission until December 2014.
Judge Jackson has been admitted to the bar in Massachusetts and the District of Columbia. She previously
served on the Sentencing Task Force of the American Bar Association Criminal Justice Section, the
Supreme Court Fellows Commission, and various other associations and committees. She also served on
the Magistrate Judge Merit Selection Panel.
Opinions
According to the Lexis Advance legal research database, Judge Jackson authored 585 rulings while
serving on the D.C. District Court. District Court decisions authored by Judge Jackson can be found on
the court’s website. While sitting on the D.C. Circuit, Judge Jackson has authored two opinions for the
court and one concurring opinion:
Am. Fed’n of Gov’t Emps., AFL-CIO v. Fed. Lab. Rels. Auth., No. 20-1396, 25 F.4th 1
(D.C. Cir. Feb. 1, 2022)
Wye Oak Tech., Inc. v. Republic of Iraq, Nos. 19-7162, 19-7169 (D.C. Circ. Feb. 4, 2022)
I.A. v. Garland, Nos. 20-5271, 20-5273 (D.C. Circ. Feb 24, 2022) (concurring)
Legislative Documentation
Below is a selection of legislative materials concerning Judge Jackson’s nomination to the Supreme Court
and confirmation to the D.C. Circuit, D.C. District Court, and the U.S. Sentencing Commission. Please
note, this list does not include floor speeches regarding the nominee.
Supreme Court
Background Materials
Ketanji Brown Jackson, Questionnaire for Nominee to the Supreme Court
Ketanji Brown Jackson, Questionnaire for Judicial Nominees, Attachments to Question
12(a) (copies of public writings and public statements)
D.C. Circuit
Hearing and Background Materials
Ketanji Brown Jackson, Responses to Questionnaire for Judicial Nomination
Ketanji Brown Jackson, Responses to Questions
Congressional Hearing: Nominee to be U.S. Court of Appeals Judge for the District of
Columbia Circuit (April 28, 2021) (United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary)
Congressional Research Service
3
Congressional Record
Nominations, 167 Cong. Rec. S2042 (April 19, 2021)
Executive Reports of Committee, 167 Cong. Rec. S3191 (May 20, 2021)
Cloture Motion, 167 Cong. Rec. S4027 (June 10, 2021)
Confirmation, 167 Cong. Rec. S4511 (June 14, 2021)
D.C. District Court
Hearings and Background Materials
Ketanji Brown Jackson, Responses to Questionnaire for Judicial Nomination
Congressional Hearing: Nominee to be U.S. District Judge for the District of Columbia
(December 12, 2012) (United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary)
Congressional Record
Nomination, 158 Cong. Rec. S6558 (September 20, 2012)
Nomination Returned to the President, 159 Cong. Rec. S18 (January 3, 2013)
Nomination, 159 Cong. Rec. S24 (January 4, 2013)
Executive Reports of Committees, 159 Cong. Rec. S772 (February 14, 2013)
Confirmation, 159 Cong. Rec. S2436 (March 22, 2013)
U.S. Sentencing Commission
Congressional Record
Nomination, 155 Cong. Rec. S8061 (July 23, 2009)
Executive Reports of Committees, 155 Cong. Rec. S11205 (November 5, 2009)
Confirmation, 156 Cong. Rec. S593 (February 11, 2010)
Publications
Below is a selection of published legal writing by Judge Jackson. This selection does not include material
written by other individuals about the judge; however, this list does include interviews and articles in
which she gave remarks.
Law Review Articles
Note, Prevention Versus Punishment: Toward a Principled Distinction in the Restraint of
Released Sex Offenders, 109 Harv. L. Rev. 1711 (1996)
Recent Case, Racketeer influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) - Scope of
Liability After Reves v. Ernst & Young, 108 Harv. L. Rev. 1405 (1995)
Articles, Editorials, and Letters
Ketanji Brown Jackson, Judging A Book: Jackson Reviews “When Should Law
Forgive?,” Law360, September 24, 2019
Congressional Research Service
4
Ketanji Brown Jackson and Kathleen Cooper Grill, “‘Carrot and Stick’ Philosophy: The
History of the Organizational Sentencing Guidelines and the Emergence of Effective
Compliance and Ethics Programs,” The Complete Compliance and Ethics Manual (Soc’y
of Corporate Compliance & Ethics), August 2012
Ketanji Brown Jackson and Karen Escalante, “Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5: The US.
Courts of Appeals Apply Different Legal Tests for Assessing the Primary Liability of
Secondary Actors,” Securities Litigation, Enforcement, and White Collar Criminal
Defense Newsletter, Morrison & Foerster LLP, Spring 2009
Ketanji Brown Jackson, Letter to the Editor, “Feder’s as Racist as Those He Condemns,”
Bos. Herald, April 10, 1997, at 36
Richard N. Ostling, “A.C.L.U.--Not All That Civil,” Time Magazine, Apr. 26, 1993, at 31
(reported by Ketanji O. Brown and Julie Johnson)
John Greenwald, “Ouch!,” Time Magazine, Mar. 8, 1993, at 53 (reported by Ketanji O.
Brown et al.)
Janice Castro with Ketanji O. Brown, “Hollywood Rocks Madison Avenue,” Time
Magazine, Feb. 22, 1993, at 65
John Greenwald, “The Job Freeze,” Time Magazine, Feb. 1, 1993, at 52 (reported by
Ketanji O. Brown et al.)
Briefs
The following briefs in which Judge Jackson is listed as counsel are either available below or upon
request to the authors. Please note, participation as counsel does not necessarily indicate that Judge
Jackson was the sole or principal author of the brief:
Supreme Court
Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers as Amicus Curiae in
Support of Petitioner, Bloate v. United States, 559 U.S. 196 (2010)
Brief of the National Association of Federal Defenders as Amicus Curiae in Support of
Respondent, Arizona v. Gant, 556 U.S. 332 (2009)
Brief on Behalf of Former Federal Judges as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners,
Boumediene v. Bush, 553 U.S. 723 (2008)
Brief for Respondent, Hall Street Associates v. Mattel, Inc., 552 U.S. 576 (2008)
Supplemental Brief for Respondent, Hall Street Associates v. Mattel, Inc., 552 U.S. 576
(2008)
Supplemental Reply Brief for Respondent, Hall Street Associates v. Mattel, Inc., 552 U.S.
576 (2008)
Brief of the Cato Institute, the Constitution Project, and the Rutherford Institute, as Amici
Curiae in Support of Reversal, Al-Marri v. Spagone, 555 U.S. 1220 (2009)
Brief of the Constitutional Project and the Rutherford Institute as Amici Curiae in
Support of Petitioner, Al-Marri v. Pucciarelli, 555 U.S. 1220 (2009)
Circuit Courts of Appeals
Brief of Appellant Jeffrey Edwards, United States v. Edwards, 496 F.3d 677 (D.C. Cir.
2007)
Congressional Research Service
5
Reply Brief for Appellant Jeffrey Edwards, United States v. Edwards, 496 F.3d 677 (D.C.
Cir. 2007)
Brief for Appellant Andrew Littlejohn, United States v. Littlejohn, 489 F.3d 1335 (D.C.
Cir. 2007)
Reply Brief for Appellant Andrew Littlejohn, United States v. Littlejohn, 489 F.3d 1335
(D.C. Cir. 2007)
Brief for Appellant, United States v. Ponds, 454 F.3d 313 (D.C. Cir. 2006)
Reply Brief for Appellant, United States v. Ponds, 454 F.3d 313 (D.C. Cir. 2006)
Brief in Support of Defendants-Appellants by Amici Curiae Women's Bar Association of
Massachusetts, McGuire v. Reilly, 260 F.3d 36 (1st Cir. 2001)
Source: Composed by CRS from the Federal Judicial Center’s biography on Judge Jackson visited on
February 28, 2022; the Senate Committee on the Judiciary’s questionnaire from her confirmation to the
D.C. Circuit; Profiles of Attorneys and Judges on Westlaw; law review files on HeinOnline; and the
Library of Congress’s Research Guide on the current nominee.
Author Information
Juria L. Jones
Laura Deal
Section Research Manager
Law Librarian
Disclaimer
This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan shared staff
to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and under the direction of
Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other than public understanding of
information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in connection with CRS’s institutional role.
CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not subject to copyright protection in the United
States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in its entirety without permission from CRS. However,
as a CRS Report may include copyrighted images or material from a third party, you may need to obtain the
permission of the copyright holder if you wish to copy or otherwise use copyrighted material.
LSB10702 · VERSION 2 · UPDATED