FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies
Appropriations: In Brief
Jim Monke
Specialist in Agricultural Policy
July 20, 2015
Congressional Research Service
7-5700
www.crs.gov
R43938
FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief
Contents
Scope of Agriculture Appropriations ............................................................................................... 1
Recent Trends in Agriculture Appropriations .................................................................................. 2
Action on FY2016 Agriculture Appropriations ............................................................................... 6
Figures
Figure 1. Agriculture Appropriations ............................................................................................... 1
Figure 2. Discretionary Agriculture Appropriations, by Title, Since FY2007 ................................. 2
Figure 3. Inflation-Adjusted Discretionary Agriculture Appropriations Since FY2007 .................. 4
Tables
Table 1. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Title, FY2012-FY2016 ................. 5
Table 2. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Agency, FY2012-FY2016............. 7
Table 3. Congressional Action on Agriculture Appropriations Since FY1995 .............................. 12
Contacts
Author Contact Information........................................................................................................... 13
Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................... 13
Key Policy Staff ............................................................................................................................. 13
Congressional Research Service
FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief
n Congress, the House Appropriations Committee reported an FY2016 Agriculture
appropriations bill (H.R. 3049) on July 8, 2015, after the subcommittee had approved its
Idraft on June 18. The Senate Appropriations subcommittee reported its version (S. 1800) on
July 16, 2015, after the subcommittee approved its draft on July 14. The discretionary allocation
for the House Agriculture subcommittee is $20.650 billion, and $20.510 billion for the Senate
subcommittee. The discretionary allocation in the House is $175 million less than the comparable
amount for FY2015 (-0.8%). The Budget committees have set the overall discretionary caps so as
not to trigger sequestration.
Scope of Agriculture Appropriations
The Agriculture appropriations bill funds the U.S.
Figure 1. Agriculture Appropriations
Department of Agriculture (USDA), except for the
Forest Service. It also funds the Food and Drug
(FY2015 budget authority in billions of dollars)
Administration (FDA) and, in even-numbered fiscal
years, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission
(CFTC).1
SNAP, 82 CCC, 13
WIC,
CSFP, 7.1
FCIC, 10
Agriculture appropriations include both mandatory and
Research,
discretionary spending. But discretionary amounts are
Mandatory
2.7
the primary focus during the bill’s development, since
126
Discretionary
FDA, 2.6
mandatory amounts generally are set by authorizing
21
Rural Dev.,
laws such as the farm bill.
2.6
Child
Foreign aid
nutrition,
FSA, RMA
Though amounts for FY2016 are still in flux and are
21
FSIS
Conservation
discussed later in this report, the scope of the
APHIS
appropriation is shown in Figure 1. In FY2015, the
largest discretionary spending items in the bill were the
Source: CRS, compiled from P.L. 113-235. Does
Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women,
not show some agencies under $0.5 billion, including
Infants, and Children (WIC); agricultural research;
CFTC, AMS, GIPSA, and department administration that
FDA; rural development; foreign food aid and trade;
together are offset by reductions.
farm assistance programs; food safety inspection;
Notes: CCC = Commodity Credit Corp.; FCIC =
conservation; and animal and plant health programs.
Federal Crop Insurance Corp.; SNAP = Supplemental
Nutrition Assistance Program; WIC = Special
Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants,
The main mandatory spending items are the
and Children; CSFP = Commodity Supplemental Food
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP),
Program; FDA = Food and Drug Admin.; FSA = Farm
child nutrition, crop insurance, and the Commodity
Service Agency; RMA = Risk Management Agency; FSIS
Credit Corporation, which pays for the farm
= Food Safety and Inspection Service; APHIS = Animal
commodity and conservation programs.
and Plant Health Inspection Service; AMS = Agricultural
Marketing Service; GIPSA = Grain Inspection, Packers
and Stockyards Admin.
1 Jurisdiction over CFTC appropriations differs between the House and Senate. Since FY2008, CFTC is marked up in
the House Agriculture Appropriations Subcommittee and the Senate Financial Services and General Government
Appropriations Subcommittee. The enacted appropriation is carried in Agriculture appropriations in even-numbered
fiscal years, and Financial Services appropriations in odd-numbered fiscal years.
Congressional Research Service
1
FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief
Recent Trends in Agriculture Appropriations
For FY2016, the “302(b)” Agriculture subcommittee allocation for discretionary spending is
$20.650 billion in the House (H.Rept. 114-118) and $20.510 billion in the Senate (S.Rept. 114-
55). The Senate allocation does not need to cover CFTC, which makes it effectively $110 million
more than a comparative allocation in the House. The House allocation is a reduction of 0.8%
from FY2015 (the line and dots in Figure 2). A FY2016 House bill (H.R. 3049) and Senate bill
(S. 1800) have been reported to allocate these amounts (the stacked bars in Figure 2, Table 1).
Last year, the FY2015 Agriculture appropriation was reported in both chambers but not passed on
the floor. Enacted in an omnibus appropriation, its discretionary total was $20.825 billion (House
basis with CFTC). Mandatory spending carried in the bill totaled $126.49 billion (Figure 1).
The stacked bars in Figure 2 represent the discretionary spending authorized for each title. The
total of the positive stacked bars has been higher than the “302(b)” discretionary spending limit
(the line) because of the offset offered by the General Provisions title and other scorekeeping
adjustments. General provisions are negative mostly because of limits placed on certain
mandatory programs, which are scored as “Changes in Mandatory Program Spending
(CHIMPS),” and also rescissions (see Table 2 for nominal data and amounts by agency).
Figure 2. Discretionary Agriculture Appropriations, by Title, Since FY2007
Dollars in Millions
Admin House Senate Discretionary Appropriations
I: Agricultural Programs
II: Conservation Programs
7,336
7,281
6,885
6,789 6,787
6,850
6,677 6,356
6,711 6,718
III: Rural Development
6,633
1,009
6,443
1,032
889
826
859
840
856
IV: Domestic Food Programs
969
844
2,979
781
2,638
2,570 2,582 2,758 2,644 2,676
938 2,732
2,405 2,280
853
V: Foreign Assistance
2,334
2,500
VI: Related Agencies
7,655 7,128 7,001
7,234
6,926 7,153 7,094 7,202 6,946 6,995
6,374
5,523
VII: General Provisions and
Scorekeeping adjustments
2,089 1,891 1,836 1,706 1,838 1,848 1,813 1,802 1,864
Discretionary total "302(b)"
1,479 1,476 1,499
House basis w/ CFTC
1,672 1,828 2,197 2,526 2,659 2,711 2,580 2,776 2,847 3,066 2,872 2,888
Discretionary total "302(b)"
-761 -1,490 -881 -291 -1,958 -1,713 -915 -1,071 -1,193 -1,367 -1,166 -1,245
Senate basis w/o CFTC
2016
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Admin House Senate
Source: CRS.
Congressional Research Service
2
FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief
Notes: Fiscal year budget authority. Includes only regular annual appropriations; includes CFTC regardless of
jurisdiction. To aid graphical comparison at this time, a constant $250 million is assumed for CFTC in FY2016 in
the Senate since the Financial Services bill has not yet been reported.
Increases in the use of CHIMPS and other tools to offset discretionary appropriations have
ameliorated reductions in budget authority since FY2010. For example, the official “302(b)”
discretionary total for the bill declined 10.6% from FY2010 to FY2015 ($23.3 billion to $20.8
billion, Figure 2), while the total of Titles I-VI declined only 6.7% over that same period ($23.6
billion to $22.0 billion).
Figure 3 illustrates a 10-year series of Agriculture appropriations on an inflation-adjusted basis.
In constant FY2016 dollars, FY2015 Agriculture appropriations are 18% below their peak in
FY2010, but have risen 2.7% above the FY2013 post-sequestration level. The FY2016 House
subcommittee allocation would be about 2.4% below the inflation-adjusted amount for FY2015,
about equal to the post-sequestration amount in FY2013, and on par with FY2007-FY2008.
Over time, changes by title of the bill generally have been proportionate to changes in the total
discretionary Agriculture appropriation, though some areas have sustained real increases while
others have declined (separate from the peak in 2010). Agencies with sustained real increases
since FY2007 include the Food and Drug Administration and CFTC (Related Agencies), the
domestic food programs, and to a lesser extent foreign assistance. Agencies with real decreases
since 2007 include rural development, discretionary conservation programs, and general
agricultural programs.
Congressional Research Service
3
FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief
Figure 3. Inflation-Adjusted Discretionary Agriculture Appropriations Since FY2007
Inflation-adjusted
FY2016 Dollars in
Admin House Senate Discretionary Appropriations
Millions
I: Agricultural Programs
8,093
II: Conservation Programs
7,623
7,451 7,100
6,990
7,281
6,895
7,468
6,644
7,403
III: Rural Development
1,114
6,711 6,718
1,079
962
3,286
898
850
873 1,032 840 856
IV: Domestic Food Programs
1,056
817
3,040
2,854 2,558
980
2,646
2,383
2,623 2,758 2,644 2,676
2,628
V: Foreign Assistance
2,873
8,445 7,713
VI: Related Agencies
8,050
7,445 7,240 7,364 7,207 7,202 6,946 6,995
7,176
6,346
VII: General Provisions and
Scorekeeping adjustments
2,305 2,047 1,952 1,783 1,893 1,878 1,813 1,802 1,864
1,699 1,662 1,669
Discretionary total "302(b)"
House basis w/ CFTC
1,922 2,058 2,445 2,787 2,878 2,883 2,697 2,858 2,893 3,066 2,872 2,888
Discretionary total "302(b)"
-875 -1,677 -980 -320 -2,119 -1,821 -956 -1,103 -1,212 -1,367 -1,166 -1,245
Senate basis w/o CFTC
2016
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Admin House Senate
Source: CRS.
Notes: Fiscal year budget authority, adjusted for inflation by CRS using the GDP price deflator. Includes only
regular appropriations; includes CFTC regardless of jurisdiction. To aid graphical comparison, a constant $250
million is assumed for CFTC in FY2016 in the Senate since the Financial Services bill has not yet been reported.
Congressional Research Service
4
Table 1. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Title, FY2012-FY2016
FY2013
FY2014
FY2015
FY2016
Change from FY2015...
Senate
P.L. 113-
House
Compared
6 post-
P.L. 113-
P.L. 113-
Admin.
H.R.
Senate
to House
to Senate
with
Title of Agriculture Appropriations Act
sequ.
76
235
Request
3049
S. 1800
Bill
Bill
House
I:
Agricultural
Programs
27,938.8 29,938.1 30,446.6 27,401.7 26,831.9 26,838.2 -3,614.7 -3,608.4
+6.3
Mandatory (M)
21,582.7
23,149.1 23,659.7 20,120.7 20,120.7 20,120.7 -3,539.1 -3,539.1
+0.0
Discretionary
6,356.2
6,789.0 6,786.9 7,281.1 6,711.2 6,717.5 -75.7 -69.4 +6.3
II: Conservation Programs
781.2
825.8
859.3
1,032.1
839.8
856.1
-19.5
-3.2
+16.3
III:
Rural
Development
2,279.9 2,569.7 2,582.4 2,758.4 2,643.9 2,675.9 +61.4 +93.5 +32.1
IV: Domestic Food Programs
104,098.0
108,585.6
110,190.9
112,348.0
110,075.1
110,140.4
-115.8
-50.5
+65.3
Mandatory (M)
97,171.9
101,432.9 103,096.7 105,146.4 103,128.6 103,145.0
+31.9 +48.3 +16.4
Discretionary
6,926.1
7,152.7 7,094.1 7,201.6 6,946.5 6,995.4 -147.7 -98.7 +48.9
V:
Foreign
Assistance
1,705.9 1,838.5 1,848.3 1,812.5 1,802.3 1,864.1 -46.0 +15.8 +61.8
VI: Food and Drug Administration
2,386.0
2,560.7
2,597.3
2,743.5
2,627.3
2,637.8
+30.0
+40.4
+10.4
Commodity Futures Trading Commission
[194.0]
215.0
[250.0]
322.0
245.0
na
-5.0
na
na
VII: General Provisions: CHIMPS &
-918.4 -987.0 -802.0
-1,036.0 -832.0 -908.0 -30.0
-106.0 -76.0
rescissions
General Provisions: Other appropriations
132.5
106.6
122.6
0.0
2.0
6.6
-120.6
-116.0
+4.6
Scorekeeping
adjustments
-129.0 -191.0 -398.0 -331.0 -336.0 -344.0 +62.0 +54.0 -8.0
Subtract disaster declaration in this bil
-116.0
Discretionary: Senate basis w/o CFTC
19,520.4
[20,665.0]
20,575.0 21,462.2 [20,405.0]
20,501.4 -170.0 -73.6 +96.4
Discretionary: House basis w/ CFTC
[19,714.4]
20,880.0
[20,825.0]
21,784.2 20,650.0
na -175.0
na
na
Mandatory
(M)
118,754.6 124,582.0 126,756.5 125,267.1 123,249.3 123,265.7 -3,507.2 -3,490.8
+16.4
Total: House basis w/ CFTC
138,469.0
145,462.0
147,581.5
147,051.3
143,899.3
144,017.1
-3,682.2
-3,564.4
+117.8
Source: CRS, using appropriations committee and CBO tables. Amounts are nominal budget authority in mil ions of dollars. Amounts are discretionary authority unless
labeled otherwise. Amounts do not include supplemental appropriations outside the annual appropriation. Amounts for FY2013 are at the post-sequestration level from
the USDA Operating Plan. [Bracketed amounts] are not in the official totals due to differing House-Senate jurisdiction for CFTC. Amounts for CFTC in the Senate are
not yet available for comparison because the FY2016 Senate Financial Services bill has not been reported.
CRS-5
FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief
Action on FY2016 Agriculture Appropriations
The White House released its FY2016 budget request on February 2, 2015.2 USDA concurrently
released its budget summary3 and budget explanatory notes4 with more programmatic details. The
agriculture subcommittees of the House and Senate Appropriations Committees held hearings
through the spring with agency officials on the Administration’s budget request.
The House Appropriations Committee reported its “302(b)” allocations that set discretionary
spending limits for the subcommittees on April 29, 2015 (H.Rept. 114-97). The discretionary
allocation for the Agriculture and related agencies bill is $20.650 billion, which is $175 million
less than the comparable amount for FY2015 ($20.825 billion).5 The House Agriculture
appropriations subcommittee approved a draft bill6 on June 18, 2015, that distributes the
allocation across agencies in its jurisdiction (Table 2).7 The House Appropriations Committee
reported the bill on July 8, 2015, by voice vote (H.R. 3049, H.Rept. 114-205).
The subcommittee allocation in the Senate is $20.510 billion (S.Rept. 114-55). Since the Senate
allocation does not need to cover CFTC, which is in the jurisdiction of the Financial Services
appropriations subcommittee, it is effectively $110 million more than a comparative allocation in
the House if CFTC were held constant. The Senate Agriculture appropriations subcommittee
approved a draft bill on July 14. The Senate Appropriations Committee reported the bill on July
16, 2015, by a vote of 28-2 (S. 1800, S.Rept. 114-82).
Last year, for FY2015, both of the agriculture subcommittees marked up bills on May 20, 2014,
one of the earliest markups by both subcommittees in two decades (Table 3).8
For a discussion of policy issues that affected the FY2015 appropriation, see CRS Report
R43669, Agriculture and Related Agencies: FY2015 Appropriations.
2 Office of Management and Budget (OMB), FY2016 Budget of the U.S. Government, at http://www.whitehouse.gov/
omb/budget. See especially the details in the Appendix, at http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/Appendix. Note that
the USDA request includes the Forest Service, which is in the Interior appropriations jurisdiction. The request for FDA
is in the Appendix for the Department of Health and Human Services, and CFTC is with Other Independent Agencies.
3 USDA, FY2016 USDA Budget Summary, at http://www.obpa.usda.gov/budsum/fy16budsum.pdf.
4 USDA, FY2016 USDA Budget Explanatory Notes, at http://www.obpa.usda.gov/fy16explan_notes.html.
5 Because jurisdiction for CFTC appropriations is different across House and Senate appropriations subcommittees, the
enacted FY2015 CFTC appropriation was in the Financial Services and General Government appropriation. Thus, the
enacted FY2015 Agriculture appropriation was based on Senate jurisdiction ($20.575 billion) and needs to be increased
by the amount of the CFTC appropriation ($250 million) to be comparable for House jurisdiction ($20.825 billion).
6 The draft bill is available from the House Agriculture appropriations subcommittee at http://appropriations.house.gov/
UploadedFiles/BILLS-114HR-SC-AP-FY2016-Agriculture-SubcommitteeDraft.pdf.
7 Draft report language is available from the committee at http://appropriations.house.gov/uploadedfiles/hrpt-114-hr-
fy2016-agriculture.pdf.
8 See CRS Report R42388, The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction, for context on procedures.
Congressional Research Service
6
Table 2. Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations, by Agency, FY2012-FY2016
FY2013 FY2014 FY2015
FY2016
Change
from
FY2015...
Senate
P.L. 113-
House
Compared
6 post-
P.L. 113-
P.L. 113-
Admin.
H.R.
Senate
to House
to Senate
with
Agency or Major Program
sequ.a
76
235
Request
3049
S. 1800
Bill
Bill
House
Title I: Agricultural Programs
Departmental
Administration
531.3 526.1 364.5 456.1 355.4 362.1 -9.1 -2.3 +6.7
Research, Education and Economics
Agricultural
Research
Service
1,016.9 1,122.5 1,177.6 1,397.4 1,167.5 1,136.8 -10.2 -40.8 -30.6
National Institute of Food & Agriculture
1,142.0
1,277.1
1,289.5
1,503.1
1,284.5
1,293.7
-5.0
+4.2
+9.2
National
Agricultural
Statistics
Service
166.6 161.2 172.4 180.3 161.2 168.1 -11.2 -4.3 +6.9
Economic
Research
Service
71.4 78.1 85.4 86.0 78.1 85.4 -7.3 +0.0 +7.3
Under Secretary, Research, Education, Econ.
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
-0.0
+0.0
+0.0
Marketing and Regulatory Programs
Animal & Plant Health Inspection Service
761.4
824.9
874.5
859.0
874.1
879.6
-0.4
+5.1
+5.5
Agricultural
Marketing
Service
75.7 81.3 82.4 84.4 82.0 82.4 -0.4 +0.0 +0.4
Section
32
(M)
1,049.6 1,107.0 1,284.0 1,425.0 1,425.0 1,425.0 +141.0 +141.0 +0.0
Grain Inspection, Packers & Stockyards
37.3
40.3
43.0
44.1
43.0
43.0
+0.0
+0.0
+0.0
Under
Secretary,
Marketing
and
Regulatory
0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 -0.0
+0.0
+0.0
Food Safety
Food Safety & Inspection Service
977.3
1,010.7
1,016.5
1,011.6
1,011.6
1,013.6
-4.9
-2.9
+2.1
Under
Secretary,
Food
Safety
0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.0
+0.0
+0.0
Farm and Commodity Programs
Farm Service Agencyb
1,503.9 1,592.2 1,603.3 1,579.1 1,576.9 1,574.8 -26.3 -28.5
-2.2
FSA Farm Loans: Loan Authorityc
4,575.7 5,527.3 6,402.1 6,402.1 6,402.1 6,402.1
+0.0
+0.0
+0.0
Risk Management Agency Salaries & Exp.
69.1
71.5
74.8
76.9
74.0
74.8
-0.8
+0.0
+0.8
CRS-7
FY2013 FY2014 FY2015
FY2016
Change
from
FY2015...
Senate
P.L. 113-
House
Compared
6 post-
P.L. 113-
P.L. 113-
Admin.
H.R.
Senate
to House
to Senate
with
Agency or Major Program
sequ.a
76
235
Request
3049
S. 1800
Bill
Bill
House
Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (M)d
9,514.5 9,502.9 8,930.5 8,175.2 8,175.2 8,175.2 -755.3 -755.3 +0.0
Commodity Credit Corporation (M)d
11,018.5 12,538.9 13,444.7 10,519.9 10,519.9 10,519.9 -2,924.8 -2,924.8
+0.0
Under Secretary, Farm and Foreign Agr.
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
-0.0
+0.0
+0.0
Subtotal
Mandatory
(M)
21,582.7 23,149.1 23,659.7 20,120.7 20,120.7 20,120.7 -3,539.1 -3,539.1
+0.0
Discretionary
6,356.2 6,789.0 6,786.9 7,281.1 6,711.2 6,717.5 -75.7 -69.4
+6.3
Subtotal
27,938.8 29,938.1 30,446.6 27,401.7 26,831.9 26,838.2 -3,614.7 -3,608.4
+6.3
Title II: Conservation Programs
Conservation
Operations
766.8 812.9 846.4 831.2 832.9 855.2 -13.5 +8.8 +22.3
Watershed & Flood Prevention
200.0
+0.0
+0.0
+0.0
Watershed
Rehabilitation
Program
13.6 12.0 12.0 0.0 6.0 0.0 -6.0
-12.0 -6.0
Under
Secretary,
Natural
Resources
0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 -0.0
+0.0
+0.0
Subtotal
781.2 825.8 859.3
1,032.1 839.8 856.1 -19.5 -3.2 +16.3
Title III: Rural Development
Salaries and Expenses (including transfers)e
613.0 657.4 678.2 685.6 679.2 682.7 +1.0 +4.5 +3.5
Rural
Housing
Service
1,031.1 1,279.6 1,298.4 1,394.7 1,367.0 1,367.2 +68.6 +68.8 +0.2
RHS Loan Authorityc
27,335.1 27,408.1 27,421.5 27,407.4 27,421.8 27,483.0
+0.3
+61.5
+61.3
Rural Business-Cooperative Servicef
114.2 130.2 103.2 138.7 87.0 91.5 -16.2 -11.8 +4.4
RBCS Loan Authorityc
953.7
1,022.8 984.5 993.6 984.5 994.2 +0.0 +9.8 +9.8
Rural Utilities Service
520.8 501.6 501.7 538.4 509.7 533.7 +8.0 +32.0 +24.0
RUS Loan Authorityc
8,849.4 7,514.5 7,464.1 7,934.2 7,464.1 8,710.6
+0.0
+1,246.5 +1,246.5
Under
Secretary,
Rural
Development
0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 -0.0
+0.0
+0.0
CRS-8
FY2013 FY2014 FY2015
FY2016
Change
from
FY2015...
Senate
P.L. 113-
House
Compared
6 post-
P.L. 113-
P.L. 113-
Admin.
H.R.
Senate
to House
to Senate
with
Agency or Major Program
sequ.a
76
235
Request
3049
S. 1800
Bill
Bill
House
Subtotal
2,279.9 2,569.7 2,582.4 2,758.4 2,643.9 2,675.9 +61.4 +93.5 +32.1
Subtotal, RD Loan Authorityc
37,138.2 35,945.4 35,870.1 36,335.2 35,870.3 37,187.8
+0.3 +1,317.8 +1,317.5
Title IV: Domestic Food Programs
Child Nutrition Programs (M)
19,913.2
19,288.0
21,300.2
21,587.3
21,507.43
21,524.4
+207.3
+224.2
+17.0
WIC
Program
6,522.2 6,715.8 6,623.0 6,623.0 6,484.0 6,513.0 -139.0 -110.0 +29.0
SNAP, Food & Nutrition Act Programs (M)
77,285.4
82,169.9
81,837.6
83,693.1
81,653.2
81,662.1
-184.4
-175.5
+8.9
Commodity
Assistance
Programs
243.7 269.7 278.5 288.3 288.3 288.3 +9.8 +9.8 +0.0
Nutrition
Programs
Administration
132.7 141.3 150.8 155.6 141.3 151.8 -9.5 +1.0 +10.5
Office
of
Under
Secretary
0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.0
+0.0
+0.0
Subtotal
Mandatory
(M)
97,171.9 101,432.9 103,096.7 105,146.4 103,128.6 103,145.0
+31.9
+48.3
+16.4
Discretionary
6,926.1 7,152.7 7,094.1 7,201.6 6,946.5 6,995.4 -147.7 -98.7 +48.9
Subtotal
104,098.0 108,585.6 110,190.9 112,348.0 110,075.1 110,140.4
-115.8
-50.5
+65.3
Title V: Foreign Assistance
Foreign
Agricultural
Service
163.1 177.9 181.4 191.6 184.4 187.2 +3.0 +5.8 +2.8
Public Law 480 and admin. expenses
1,362.0
1,468.7
1,468.5
1,402.5
1,419.5
1,468.5
-49.0
+0.0
+49.0
Local and regional food procurement
20.0
+0.0
+0.0
+0.0
McGovern-Dole
Food
for
Education
174.5 185.1 191.6 191.6 191.6 201.6 +0.0 +10.0 +10.0
CCC
Export
Loan
Salaries
6.3 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 +0.0
+0.0
+0.0
Subtotal
1,705.9 1,838.5 1,848.3 1,812.5 1,802.3 1,864.1 -46.0 +15.8 +61.8
Title VI: Related Agencies
CRS-9
FY2013 FY2014 FY2015
FY2016
Change
from
FY2015...
Senate
P.L. 113-
House
Compared
6 post-
P.L. 113-
P.L. 113-
Admin.
H.R.
Senate
to House
to Senate
with
Agency or Major Program
sequ.a
76
235
Request
3049
S. 1800
Bill
Bill
House
Food
and
Drug
Administration
2,386.0 2,560.7 2,597.3 2,743.5 2,627.3 2,637.8 +30.0 +40.4 +10.4
Commodity Futures Trading Commissiong
[194.0] 215.0
[250.0] 322.0 245.0 na -5.0 na na
Subtotal
2,386.0 2,775.7 2,597.3 3,065.5 2,872.3 2,637.8 +275.0 +40.4 -234.6
Title VII: General Provisions
Changes in Mandatory Program Spending
-893.0
-953.7
-785.0
-1,016.0
-798.0
-875.0
-13.0
-90.0
-77.0
Rescissions
-25.3 -33.3 -17.0 -20.0 -34.0 -33.0 -17.0 -16.0 +1.0
Other
appropriations
132.5 106.6 122.6 0.0 2.0 6.6 -120.6
-116.0 +4.6
Subtotal
-785.9 -880.4 -679.4
-1,036.0 -830.0 -901.4 -150.6 -222.0 -71.4
Scorekeeping Adjustmentsh
Disaster declaration in this bill
-116.0
+116.0
+116.0
+0.0
Other
scorekeeping
adjustments
-129.0 -191.0 -398.0 -331.0 -336.0 -344.0 +62.0 +54.0 -8.0
Subtotal
-129.0 -191.0 -514.0 -331.0 -336.0 -344.0 +178.0
+170.0 -8.0
Totals
Discretionary: Senate basis w/o CFTC
19,520.4
[20,665.0]
20,575.0 21,462.2 [20,405.0]
20,501.4 -170.0 -73.6 +96.4
Discretionary: House basis w/ CFTC
[19,714.4]
20,880.0
[20,825.0]
21,784.2 20,650.0
na
-175.0 na na
Mandatory
(M)
118,754.6 124,582.0 126,756.5 125,267.1 123,249.3 123,265.7 -3,507.2 -3,490.8
+16.4
Total: House basis w/ CFTC
138,469.0
145,462.0
147,581.5
147,051.3
143,899.3
144,017.1
-3,682.2
-3,564.4
+117.8
Source: CRS, using appropriations committee tables and unpublished CBO tables.
Notes: Amounts are budget authority in millions of dollars and are in nominal dollars. Amounts do not include supplemental appropriations outside the annual
appropriation. Amounts are discretionary authority unless labeled otherwise; (M) indicates that the account is mandatory authority (or primarily mandatory authority).
[Bracketed amounts] are not in the official totals due to differing House-Senate jurisdiction for CFTC but are shown for comparison.
a. Amounts for FY2013 are at the post-sequestration level from the USDA FY2013 Operating Plan, at http://www.dm.usda.gov/foia/docs/USDA_Operating_Plan.pdf.
CRS-10
b. Includes regular FSA salaries and expenses, plus transfers for farm loan program salaries and administrative expenses. Also includes farm loan program loan subsidy,
State Mediation Grants, Dairy Indemnity Program (mandatory funding), and Grassroots Source Water Protection Program. Does not include appropriations to the
Foreign Agricultural Service for export loans and P.L. 480 administration that are transferred to FSA.
c. Loan authority is the amount of loans that can be made or guaranteed with a loan subsidy; it is not added in the budget authority subtotals or totals.
d. Commodity Credit Corporation and Federal Crop Insurance Corporation each receive an indefinite appropriation (“such sums as necessary”). Estimates for
appropriations may not reflect actual outlays.
e. Includes Rural Development salaries and expenses, and transfers from the three rural development agencies for salaries and expenses. Amounts for the agencies
thus reflect program funds for loans and grants.
f.
Amounts for the Rural Business-Cooperative Service are before the rescission from the Cushion of Credit account, unlike in Appropriations committee tables. The
rescission is included with the changes in mandatory program spending (CHIMPS), which allows the RBCS subtotal to remain positive.
g. Jurisdiction for CFTC is in the House agriculture appropriations subcommittee and the Senate financial services appropriations subcommittee. After FY2008, CFTC
is carried in enacted Agriculture appropriations in even-numbered fiscal years, always in House Agriculture markup and never in Senate Agriculture markup.
[Bracketed amounts] are not in the official totals due to differing House-Senate jurisdiction for CFTC but are shown for comparison. Amounts for CFTC in the
Senate are not yet available for comparison because the FY2016 Senate Financial Services bill has not been reported.
h. “Scorekeeping adjustments” are not necessarily appropriated items and may not be shown in appropriations committee tables, but are part of the official CBO
score (accounting) of the bill. They predominantly include “negative subsidies” in loan program accounts and adjustments for disaster designations in the bill.
CRS-11
FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief
Table 3. Congressional Action on Agriculture Appropriations Since FY1995
House Action
Senate Action
Final Appropriation
Fiscal
CRS
Year
Subcom. Comm. Chamber Subcom. Comm. Chamber Enacteda Public
La
Re
w port
1995 5/26/1994 6/9/1994 6/17/1994 6/22/1994 6/23/1994 7/20/1994 9/30/1994 E
P.L. 103-
IB94011
330
1996 6/14/1995 6/27/1995 7/21/1995 9/13/1995 9/14/1995 9/20/1995 10/21/1995 E P.L. 104-
95-624
37
1997 5/30/1996 6/6/1996 6/12/1996 7/10/1996 7/11/1996 7/24/1996 8/6/1996 E
P.L. 104-
IB96015
180
1998 6/25/1997 7/14/1997 7/24/1997 7/15/1997 7/17/1997 7/24/1997 11/18/1997 E P.L. 105-
97-201
86
1999 6/10/1998 6/16/1998 6/24/1998 6/9/1998 6/11/1998 7/16/1998 10/21/1998 O
P.L. 105-
98-201
277
2000 5/13/1999 5/24/1999 6/8/1999 6/15/1999 6/17/1999 8/4/1999 10/22/1999 E
P.L. 106-
RL30201
78
2001 5/4/2000 5/16/2000 7/11/2000 5/4/2000 5/10/2000 7/20/2000 10/28/2000 E
P.L. 106-
RL30501
387
2002 6/6/2001 6/27/2001 7/11/2001
Polled
outb 7/18/2001 10/25/2001 11/28/2001 E P.L. 107-
RL31001
76
2003 6/26/2002 7/26/2002
—
7/23/2002 7/25/2002
—
2/20/2003 O
P.L. 108-7 RL31301
2004 6/17/2003 7/9/2003 7/14/2003 7/17/2003 11/6/2003 11/6/2003 1/23/2004 O
P.L. 108-
RL31801
199
2005 6/14/2004 7/7/2004 7/13/2004 9/8/2004 9/14/2004
—
12/8/2004 O
P.L. 108-
RL32301
447
2006 5/16/2005 6/2/2005 6/8/2005 6/21/2005 6/27/2005 9/22/2005 11/10/2005 E
P.L. 109-
RL32904
97
2007 5/3/2006 5/9/2006 5/23/2006 6/20/2006 6/22/2006 —
2/15/2007 Y
P.L. 110-5 RL33412
2008 7/12/2007 7/19/2007 8/2/2007 7/17/2007 7/19/2007
—
12/26/2007 O
P.L. 110-
RL34132
161
2009 6/19/2008
—
—
Polled
out 7/17/2008
—
3/11/2009 O
P.L. 111-8 R40000
2010 6/11/2009 6/18/2009 7/9/2009 Polled
out 7/7/2009 8/4/2009 10/21/2009 E
P.L. 111-
R40721
80
2011 6/30/2010
—
—
Polled
out 7/15/2010
—
4/15/2011 Y
P.L. 112-
R41475
10
2012 5/24/2011 5/31/2011 6/16/2011 Polled
out 9/7/2011 11/1/2011 11/18/2011 O
P.L. 112-
R41964
55
Congressional Research Service
12
FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief
House Action
Senate Action
Final Appropriation
Fiscal
CRS
Year
Subcom. Comm. Chamber Subcom. Comm. Chamber Enacteda Public
La
Re
w port
2013 6/6/2012 6/19/2012 — Polled
out 4/26/2012 —
3/26/2013 O
P.L. 113-6 R43110
2014 6/5/2013 6/13/2013 — 6/18/2013 6/20/2013 —
1/17/2014 O
P.L. 113-
R43110
76
2015 5/20/2014 5/29/2013
—
5/20/2014 5/22/2014
—
12/16/2014 O
P.L. 113-
R43669
235
2016 6/18/2015 7/8/2015
—
7/14/2015 7/16/2015
—
R43938
Source: CRS.
a. E=Enacted as stand-alone appropriation; O=Omnibus appropriation; Y=Year-long continuing resolution.
b. A procedure that permits a bill to advance if subcommittee members independently agree to move it along.
Author Contact Information
Jim Monke
Specialist in Agricultural Policy
jmonke@crs.loc.gov, 7-9664
Key Policy Staff
Area of Expertise
Name
Phone
Email
Agricultural appropriations general y
Jim Monke
7-9664
jmonke@crs.loc.gov
Agricultural research
Jim Monke
7-9664
jmonke@crs.loc.gov
Agricultural Marketing Service
Joel L. Greene
7-9877
jgreene@crs.loc.gov
Agricultural trade
Mark A. McMinimy
7-2172
mmcminimy@crs.loc.gov
Animal and Plant Health Inspection
Tadlock Cowan
7-7600
tcowan@crs.loc.gov
Commodity Futures Trading Commission
Rena Miller
7-0826
rsmiller@crs.loc.gov
Conservation Megan
Stubbs
7-8707
mstubbs@crs.loc.gov
Crop insurance and farm safety net
Dennis A. Shields
7-9051
dshields@crs.loc.gov
Domestic food assistance
Randy Alison Aussenberg 7-8641 raussenberg@crs.loc.gov
Farm Service Agency
Jim Monke
7-9664
jmonke@crs.loc.gov
Food and Drug Administration
Susan Thaul
7-0562
sthaul@crs.loc.gov
Food safety, general y
Renée Johnson
7-9588
rjohnson@crs.loc.gov
Food safety, meat and poultry inspection
Joel L. Greene
7-9877
jgreene@crs.loc.gov
Foreign food aid
Randy Schnepf
7-4277
rschnepf@crs.loc.gov
Congressional Research Service
13
FY2016 Agriculture and Related Agencies Appropriations: In Brief
Area of Expertise
Name
Phone
Email
Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Admin. Joel L. Greene
7-9877
jgreene@crs.loc.gov
Rural development
Tadlock Cowan
7-7600
tcowan@crs.loc.gov
Section 32
Dennis A. Shields
7-9051
dshields@crs.loc.gov
Congressional Research Service
14