Labor, Health and Human Services, and
Education: FY2013 Appropriations Overview
Karen E. Lynch, Coordinator
Specialist in Social Policy
David H. Bradley
Specialist in Labor Economics
Gail McCallion
Specialist in Social Policy
Pamela W. Smith
Analyst in Biomedical Policy
Scott Szymendera
Analyst in Disability Policy
March 8, 2013
Congressional Research Service
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www.crs.gov
R42588
CRS Report for Congress
Pr
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2013 Appropriations Overview

Summary
This report provides an overview of actions taken by Congress to provide FY2013 appropriations
for the accounts funded by the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and
Education, and Related Agencies (L-HHS-ED) appropriations bill. The L-HHS-ED bill provides
funding for all accounts subject to the annual appropriations process at the Departments of Labor
(DOL) and Education (ED). It provides annual appropriations for most agencies within the
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), with certain exceptions (e.g., the Food and
Drug Administration is funded via the Agriculture bill). The L-HHS-ED bill also provides
funding for more than a dozen related agencies, including the Social Security Administration.
Continuing Resolutions: Congress did not enact a regular L-HHS-ED appropriations bill prior to
the beginning of FY2013. Instead, FY2013 funding for programs typically supported by the L-
HHS-ED bill has been provided—through March 27, 2013—by a government-wide continuing
resolution (CR). The CR was signed into law (P.L. 112-175) on September 28, 2012. It generally
maintains funding for discretionary programs at their FY2012 rates, plus 0.612%. With the
current CR set to expire, the House approved a full-year appropriations bill (H.R. 933) on March
6, 2013. The bill would generally fund discretionary L-HHS-ED programs at their FY2012 levels,
reduced by an across-the-board rescission of 0.098%. The Senate has yet to act on this bill.
Sequestration: On March 1, 2013, President Obama issued a sequestration order, as required
under the terms of the Budget Control Act of 2011 and the Balanced Budget and Emergency
Deficit Control Act of 1985, as amended. The order called for an across-the-board cut of 5.0% for
non-exempt nondefense discretionary funding, 2.0% for certain Medicare funding (per a special
rule), and 5.1% for other non-exempt nondefense mandatory funding.
Disaster Relief Funding: On January 29, 2013, the President signed into law a supplemental
appropriations bill in response to Hurricane Sandy (P.L. 113-2). This disaster supplemental
included roughly $827 million for L-HHS-ED programs and activities, the majority of which
($800 million) went to HHS to support health, mental health, and social services needs in affected
states, including costs related to the construction and renovation of damaged health, mental
health, biomedical research, child care, and Head Start facilities.
House Actions on L-HHS-ED Bill (112th Congress): The House Appropriations L-HHS-ED
Subcommittee approved a draft FY2013 L-HHS-ED bill on July 18, 2012. This bill was not
introduced or marked up by the full committee prior to the end of the 112th Congress. A detailed
table on programs funded by the bill was not made publicly available and, as such, this report
includes only limited information on the draft House subcommittee bill.
Senate Actions on L-HHS-ED Bill (112th Congress): The Senate Appropriations Committee
reported its FY2013 L-HHS-ED bill on June 14, 2012 (S. 3295, S.Rept. 112-176). The committee
report estimated that this bill included $166.0 billion in discretionary funds, which is about 1.2%
more than the committee’s estimate of comparable FY2012 funds ($164.1 billion). In addition,
the committee report estimated the bill included $611.6 billion in mandatory funds, for a
combined total of $777.6 billion (+4.9% from the comparable FY2012 funding level).
President’s Request: On February 13, 2012, prior to the initiation of congressional action on
FY2013 appropriations, the Obama Administration released the FY2013 President’s Budget. The
President’s Budget, as estimated in the committee report accompanying the FY2013 Senate bill
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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2013 Appropriations Overview

(S.Rept. 112-176), called for $166.1 billion in discretionary funding for L-HHS-ED accounts
(+1.2% from FY2012). In addition, the President requested $611.6 billion in mandatory funding,
for a combined total of $777.6 billion (+4.9% from FY2012) in L-HHS-ED appropriations.
DOL Snapshot: The FY2013 Senate committee bill from the 112th Congress would have
provided roughly $12.3 billion in discretionary funding for DOL. This amount is 1.7% less than
the comparable FY2012 funding level of $12.6 billion and 3.0% more than the FY2013 request of
$12.0 billion, as estimated in S.Rept. 112-176.
HHS Snapshot: The FY2013 Senate committee bill from the 112th Congress would have
provided roughly $71.0 billion in discretionary funding for HHS. This amount is 2% more than
the comparable FY2012 funding level of $69.6 billion and 1.4% more than the FY2013 request of
$70.0 billion, as estimated in S.Rept. 112-176.
ED Snapshot: The FY2013 Senate committee bill from the 112th Congress would have provided
roughly $68.5 billion in discretionary funding for ED. This amount is 0.6% more than the
comparable FY2012 funding level of $68.1 billion and 2.0% less than the FY2013 request of
$69.9 billion, as estimated in S.Rept. 112-176.
Related Agencies Snapshot: The FY2013 Senate committee bill from the 112th Congress would
have provided roughly $14.1 billion in discretionary funding for L-HHS-ED related agencies.
This amount is 2.3% more than the comparable FY2012 funding level of $13.8 billion and 0.2%
less than the FY2013 request of $14.2 billion, as estimated in S.Rept. 112-176.

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Contents
Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1
Report Roadmap and Useful Terminology ...................................................................................... 1
Scope of the Report ................................................................................................................... 2
Important Budget Concepts ....................................................................................................... 3
Mandatory Versus Discretionary Appropriations ................................................................ 3
Total Budget Authority Provided in the Bill Versus Total Budget Authority
Available in the Fiscal Year .............................................................................................. 3
FY2013 Continuing Resolutions ..................................................................................................... 4
Six-Month Continuing Resolution (P.L. 112-175) ..................................................................... 4
House Action on a Full-Year Continuing Resolution ................................................................ 5
FY2013 Disaster Relief Appropriations .......................................................................................... 5
Status of FY2013 L-HHS-ED Appropriations Bills ........................................................................ 6
FY2013 Action in the House ..................................................................................................... 6
FY2013 Action in the Senate ..................................................................................................... 7
FY2013 President’s Budget Request ............................................................................................... 8
Conclusion of the FY2012 Appropriations Process ......................................................................... 8
Overview of FY2013 Appropriations Proposals .............................................................................. 9
FY2013 Budget Enforcement Activities ........................................................................................ 11
Budget Control Act of 2011 ..................................................................................................... 11
FY2013 BCA Sequestration .................................................................................................... 11
FY2013 Budget Resolution and 302(b) Allocations ................................................................ 12
Department of Labor (DOL) .......................................................................................................... 14
About DOL .............................................................................................................................. 14
FY2013 DOL Appropriations Overview ................................................................................. 15
Selected DOL Highlights from FY2013 Appropriations Action ............................................. 15
Employment and Training Administration (ETA) ............................................................. 15
Wage and Hour Division (WHD) ...................................................................................... 16
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) ...................................................................................... 16
Veterans Employment and Training (VETS)..................................................................... 17
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) ....................................................................... 17
About HHS .............................................................................................................................. 17
FY2013 HHS Appropriations Overview ................................................................................. 18
Selected HHS Highlights from FY2013 Appropriations Actions ............................................ 20
Public Health Service Evaluation Tap ............................................................................... 21
Prevention and Public Health Fund ................................................................................... 21
HHS Highlights by Program Area ..................................................................................... 22
Public Health Service Agencies .................................................................................. 22
CMS ............................................................................................................................ 23
ACF ............................................................................................................................. 23
ACL............................................................................................................................. 24
Funding Restrictions Related to Certain Controversial Issues .......................................... 24
Department of Education (ED) ...................................................................................................... 25
About ED ................................................................................................................................. 25
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FY2013 ED Appropriations Overview .................................................................................... 26
Selected ED Highlights from FY2013 Appropriations Actions .............................................. 27
Education for the Disadvantaged ...................................................................................... 27
Special Education .............................................................................................................. 27
Impact Aid ......................................................................................................................... 28
Innovation and Improvement ............................................................................................ 28
Safe Schools and Citizenship Education ........................................................................... 29
Rehabilitation Services and Disability Research ............................................................... 29
Higher Education............................................................................................................... 29
Related Agencies ........................................................................................................................... 29
FY2013 Related Agencies Appropriations Overview .............................................................. 30
Selected Related Agencies Highlights from FY2013 Appropriations Actions ........................ 31

Figures
Figure 1. Proposed FY2013 Appropriations for the Departments of Labor, HHS,
Education, and Related Agencies in S. 3295 from the 112th Congress ......................................... 8
Figure 2. FY2013 L-HHS-ED Appropriations, by Title, as Proposed in S. 3295
(112th Congress) ......................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 3. FY2013 HHS Appropriations, by Agency, as Proposed in S. 3295 in the 112th
Congress ..................................................................................................................................... 20

Tables
Table 1. Status of FY2013 L-HHS-ED Appropriations Legislation ................................................ 6
Table 2. L-HHS-ED Appropriations Overview by Bill Title, FY2012-FY2013 .............................. 9
Table 3. FY2013 Discretionary 302(b) Allocations and Status of Comparable
Appropriations for L-HHS-ED ................................................................................................... 13
Table 4. DOL Appropriations Overview ........................................................................................ 15
Table 5. HHS Appropriations Overview ........................................................................................ 19
Table 6. ED Appropriations Overview: Combined Mandatory and Discretionary ........................ 26
Table 7. Related Agencies Appropriations Overview .................................................................... 30

Contacts
Author Contact Information........................................................................................................... 31
Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................... 31
Key Policy Staff ............................................................................................................................. 32

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Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2013 Appropriations Overview

Introduction
This report provides a preliminary status update on FY2013 appropriations actions for accounts
traditionally funded in the appropriations bill for the Departments of Labor, Health and Human
Services, and Education, and Related Agencies (L-HHS-ED). This bill provides discretionary and
mandatory appropriations to three federal departments: the Department of Labor (DOL), the
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and the Department of Education (ED). In
addition, the bill provides annual appropriations for more than a dozen related agencies, including
the Social Security Administration (SSA).
Discretionary funds represent less than one-quarter of the total funds appropriated in the L-HHS-
ED bill. Nevertheless, the L-HHS-ED bill is typically the largest single source of discretionary
funds for domestic non-defense federal programs among the various appropriations bills (the
Department of Defense bill is the largest source of discretionary funds among all federal
programs). The bulk of this report is focused on discretionary appropriations because these funds
receive the most attention during the appropriations process.
The L-HHS-ED bill typically is one of the more controversial of the regular appropriations bills
because of the size of its funding total and the scope of its programs, as well as various related
policy issues addressed in the bill, such as restrictions on the use of federal funds for abortion and
for research on human embryos and stem cells.
See the Key Policy Staff table at the back of this report for information on which analysts to
contact at the Congressional Research Service with questions on specific agencies and programs
funded in the L-HHS-ED bill.
Report Roadmap and Useful Terminology
This report is divided into several sections. The current section provides an explanation of the
scope of the L-HHS-ED bill (and hence, the scope of this report), as well as an introduction to
important terminology and concepts that carry throughout the report.
Next is a series of sections describing the status of funding for FY2013. These sections describe
current (P.L. 112-175) and pending (H.R. 933) continuing resolutions, as well as disaster relief
appropriations (P.L. 113-2). There is also a section on the status of the FY2013 appropriations
process for the traditional L-HHS-ED bill, featuring a broad overview of congressional actions on
L-HHS-ED appropriations from the 112th Congress. This is followed by an overview of the
FY2013 President’s Budget request and (for context) a review of the conclusion of the FY2012
appropriations process.
The next section provides a brief summary and analysis of proposed mandatory and discretionary
FY2013 appropriations under the Senate committee bill from the 112th Congress (S. 3295) and the
FY2013 President’s Budget, by bill title, compared to comparable FY2012 funding levels. All
numbers in this section—and throughout the report as a whole (except as noted)—are drawn from
(or estimated based on) amounts provided in the committee report (S.Rept. 112-176)
accompanying S. 3295 from the 112th Congress. (There is no similar analysis for the draft bill that
was approved by the House Appropriations L-HHS-ED Subcommittee because this draft bill was
not introduced or reported out of committee prior to the conclusion of the 112th Congress.)
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The following section provides a summary of budget enforcement activities for FY2013. This
includes a brief description of the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA), the recent FY2013
sequestration order, and an overview of House and Senate work on a budget resolution and
302(b) allocations (i.e., budget enforcement caps).
Finally, the report concludes with overview sections for each of the major components of the bill:
the Department of Labor, the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of
Education, and Related Agencies. These sections provide selected highlights of FY2013
appropriations actions based on the Senate committee bill from the 112th Congress and the
President’s request. Note that these sections do not currently include tables showing funding
levels for individual programs. For that level of detail, see the table beginning on p. 240 of the
committee report (S.Rept. 112-176) accompanying S. 3295, as well as programmatic details
discussed throughout the text of the committee report. Note also that analysis of the draft House
subcommittee bill from the 112th Congress is not provided in these sections.
Scope of the Report
This report is focused strictly on appropriations to agencies and accounts that are subject to the
jurisdiction of the Labor, HHS, Education, and Related Agencies Subcommittees of the House
and the Senate Appropriations Committees (i.e., accounts traditionally funded via the L-HHS-ED
bill). Department “totals” provided in this report do not include funding for accounts or agencies
that are traditionally funded by appropriations bills under the jurisdiction of other subcommittees.
The L-HHS-ED bill provides appropriations for the following federal departments and agencies:
• the Department of Labor;
• the majority of the Department of Health and Human Services, except for the
Food and Drug Administration (provided in the Agriculture appropriations bill),
the Indian Health Service (provided in the Interior-Environment appropriations
bill), and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (also funded
through the Interior-Environment appropriations bill);
• the Department of Education; and
• more than a dozen related agencies, including the Social Security Administration,
the Corporation for National and Community Service, the Corporation for Public
Broadcasting, the Institute of Museum and Library Services, the National Labor
Relations Board, and the Railroad Retirement Board.
Note also that funding totals displayed in this report do not reflect amounts provided outside of
the regular appropriations process. Certain direct spending programs, such as Old-Age, Survivors,
and Disability Insurance and parts of Medicare, receive funding directly from their authorizing
statute; such funds are not reflected in the totals provided in this report because they are not
subject to the regular appropriations process (see related discussion in the “Important Budget
Concepts” section).
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Important Budget Concepts
Mandatory Versus Discretionary Appropriations1
The L-HHS-ED bill includes both discretionary and mandatory funding. While all discretionary
spending is subject to the annual appropriations process, only a portion of all mandatory spending
is provided in appropriations measures.
Mandatory programs funded through the annual appropriations process are commonly referred to
as appropriated entitlements. In general, appropriators have little control over the amounts
provided for appropriated entitlements; rather, the authorizing statute establishes the program
parameters (e.g., eligibility rules, benefit levels) that entitle certain recipients to payments. If
Congress does not appropriate the money necessary to meet these commitments, entitled
recipients (e.g., individuals, states, or other entities) may have legal recourse.2
Not all mandatory spending is provided through the annual appropriations process. Certain
entitlements receive direct spending budget authority from their authorizing statute (e.g., Old-
Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance) and thus are not subject to the annual appropriations
process. The funding amounts in this report do not include direct spending budget authority
provided outside the regular appropriations process. Instead, the amounts in this report reflect
only those funds, discretionary and mandatory, that are provided through appropriations bills.
Note that, as displayed in this report, mandatory amounts for the FY2013 President’s request
reflect current law (or current services) estimates as reported in S.Rept. 112-176; they do not
include any of the Administration’s proposed changes to a program’s authorizing statute that
might affect total spending. (In general, such proposals are excluded from this report, as they
typically require authorizing legislation.)
Note also that the report focuses most closely on discretionary funding. This is because
discretionary funding receives the bulk of attention during the appropriations process. (As noted
earlier, although the L-HHS-ED bill includes more mandatory funding than discretionary funding,
the appropriators generally have less flexibility in adjusting mandatory funding levels than
discretionary funding levels.)
Total Budget Authority Provided in the Bill Versus Total Budget Authority
Available in the Fiscal Year
Budget authority is the amount of money Congress allows a federal agency to commit or spend.
Appropriations bills may include budget authority that becomes available in the current fiscal

1 For definitions of these and other budget terms, see U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO), A Glossary of
Terms Used in the Federal Budget Process, GAO-05-734SP, September 1, 2005, http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-
05-734SP. (Terms of interest may include appropriated entitlement, direct spending, discretionary, entitlement
authority, and mandatory.)
2 Sometimes appropriations measures include amendments to legislation authorizing mandatory spending programs and
thereby change the amount of mandatory appropriations needed. Because such amendments are legislative in nature,
they may violate parliamentary rules separating authorizations and appropriations. For more information, see CRS
Report R42388, The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction, by Jessica Tollestrup.
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year, in future fiscal years, or some combination. Amounts that become available in future fiscal
years are typically referred to as advance appropriations.
Unless otherwise specified, appropriations levels displayed in this report refer to the total amount
of budget authority provided in an appropriations bill (i.e., “total in the bill”), regardless of the
year in which the funding becomes available.3 In some cases, the report breaks out “current year”
appropriations (i.e., the amount of budget authority available for obligation in a given fiscal year,
regardless of the year in which it was first appropriated).4
As the annual appropriations process unfolds, current year appropriations plus any additional
adjustments for congressional scorekeeping are measured against 302(b) allocation ceilings
(budget enforcement caps for appropriations subcommittees that traditionally emerge following
the budget resolution process). Unless otherwise specified, appropriations levels displayed in this
report do not reflect additional scorekeeping adjustments, which are made by the Congressional
Budget Office (CBO) to reflect conventions and special instructions of Congress.5
Dollars and Percents in this Report
Funding totals displayed in this report are typically rounded to the nearest million or billion (as labeled). Dollar
changes and percent changes discussed in the text of this report are based on unrounded amounts.
Unless otherwise noted, dol ar amounts in this report are estimated based on the committee report produced by the
Senate Committee on Appropriations (S.Rept. 112-176) to accompany S. 3295 from the 112th Congress. These
estimates may change.
FY2013 Continuing Resolutions
Congress did not enact a regular L-HHS-ED appropriations bill prior to the beginning of FY2013.
Instead, FY2013 funding for programs typically supported by the L-HHS-ED bill has been
provided through a continuing resolution (CR).
Six-Month Continuing Resolution (P.L. 112-175)
On September 28, 2012, the President signed into law a six-month government-wide CR (P.L.
112-175).6 The CR generally maintains funding for discretionary programs at their FY2012 rates,
plus 0.612%.7 The CR is scheduled to expire on March 27, 2013.

3 Such figures include advance appropriations for future fiscal years, but do not include advance appropriations from
prior years that become available in the current year.
4 Such figures exclude advance appropriations for future years, but include advance appropriations from prior years that
become available in the current year.
5 For more information on scorekeeping, see CRS Report 98-560, Baselines and Scorekeeping in the Federal Budget
Process, by Bill Heniff Jr. See also a discussion of key scorekeeping guidelines included in the joint explanatory
statement accompanying the conference report to the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (H.Rept. 105-217, pp. 1007-1014).
6 For additional information, see CRS Report R42782, FY2013 Continuing Resolution: Analysis of Components and
Congressional Action, by Jessica Tollestrup.
7 The CR also includes several anomalies (i.e., provisions that make exceptions to the general formula and purpose for
which FY2012 funding is continued into FY2013).
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House Action on a Full-Year Continuing Resolution
On March 6, 2013, the House approved a bill that would provide full-year government-wide
appropriations for FY2013 (H.R. 933). The bill would fund most of the 12 regular appropriations
bills (including L-HHS-ED) via a full-year continuing resolution (Division C). Under H.R. 933,
discretionary L-HHS-ED programs would generally be funded at their FY2012 levels, reduced by
an across-the-board rescission of 0.098%.8 This would be lower than the funding level provided
by the six-month FY2013 CR (P.L. 112-175), which generally funds discretionary L-HHS-ED
programs at their FY2012 levels, plus 0.612%. H.R. 933 also includes a provision confirming that
the funding reductions required by the sequester that was ordered on March 1 are to be applied, as
appropriate, to the amounts provided in this bill (for more information on the sequester, see the
section on “FY2013 BCA Sequestration”).9
As passed by the House, H.R. 933 also includes several special provisions for L-HHS-ED
programs and activities.10 For instance, one special provision would allow the Secretary of Labor
to transfer up to $40 million in unobligated funds (i.e., funds from prior year appropriations) to
the Office of Job Corps for operational costs incurred during program year 2012 (which ends on
June 30, 2013) and possibly program year 2013. Another special provision would reserve $3
million in ED’s Safe Schools and Citizenship Education account for the Project School
Emergency Response to Violence program, in order to “provide education-related services to
local educational agencies and institutions of higher education in which the learning environment
has been disrupted due to a violent or traumatic crisis.” The bill includes several other anomalies
for L-HHS-ED, including provisions to provide funding increases for Refugee and Entrant
Assistance programs at HHS and Veterans Employment and Training programs at DOL, as well
as a provision to rescind specified amounts of mandatory funds at HHS that would otherwise be
available for making bonus payments under the State Children’s Health Insurance Program
(CHIP) and for operating costs of the Independent Payment Advisory Board (IPAB).
FY2013 Disaster Relief Appropriations
On January 29, 2013, President Obama signed into law the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act,
2013 (P.L. 113-2). Overall, the law provided $50.7 billion in supplemental funding and legislative
provisions to address immediate losses from Hurricane Sandy and to support mitigation for future
disasters.11 Programs and activities within L-HHS-ED received roughly $827 million, which was
distributed as follows:

8 The CR also includes several anomalies (i.e., provisions that make exceptions to the general formula and purpose for
which FY2012 funding is continued into FY2013). Note also that the bill contains two different levels of across-the-
board rescissions (see Section 3001 of H.R. 933). For nonsecurity funding (which generally includes all L-HHS-ED
funding), the rescission level is 0.098%. For security funding, the rescission level is 0.109%. These rescissions appear
to be intended to ensure that the total funding does not exceed the discretionary budget caps for FY2013. For more
information on these budget caps, see related discussion in the section on “FY2013 Budget Enforcement Activities”.
9 See Section 3002 of H.R. 933. There is some ambiguity regarding how the lower FY2013 funding levels proposed by
the House-approved full-year appropriations bill (as compared to the funding levels provided by the six-month CR)
would interact with the reductions required by the sequester. For more information about the sequester, see the section
on the “FY2013 BCA Sequestration”.
10 See Division C, Title VIII, of H.R. 933 for most special provisions for L-HHS-ED.
11 For more information about the supplemental, see CRS Report R42869, FY2013 Supplemental Funding for Disaster
Relief, coordinated by William L. Painter and Jared T. Brown.
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• $800 million to the HHS Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund
(PHSSEF) account. Of this total, the law called for HHS to transfer $500 million
to the Social Services Block Grant, $100 million to the Head Start program, and
at least $5 million to the HHS Office of the Inspector General for oversight and
accountability activities. The law gave the HHS secretary discretion over the
remaining $195 million, including the authority to transfer those funds
throughout the department for activities such as the repair and rebuilding of non-
federal biomedical or behavioral research facilities.
• $25 million to the DOL Workforce Investment Act Dislocated Worker National
Reserve to support employment services and job training for dislocated workers.
• $2 million to the Social Security Administration Limitation on Administrative
Expenses (LAE) account for expenses directly related to Hurricane Sandy.
(These funds were made available from certain unobligated balances at the Social
Security Administration.)
Status of FY2013 L-HHS-ED Appropriations Bills
Table 1 provides a timeline of FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations actions initiated by Congress.
The remainder of this section provides additional detail on these and other steps toward full-year
L-HHS-ED appropriations. This section is focused on bills targeted specifically to L-HHS-ED
appropriations and does not include information on broader spending bills, such as continuing
resolutions or disaster supplementals, which are discussed above.
Table 1. Status of FY2013 L-HHS-ED Appropriations Legislation
Subcommittee
Conference Report
Markup
Approval
House
House
Senate
Senate
Conf.
Public
House Senate
Re
port
Passage
Report
Passage
Report
House Senate Law
7/18/12
6/12/12

6/14/12





Vote: 8-6 Vote: 10-7
S. 3295
S.Rept.
112-176
Vote: 16-14
Source: CRS Appropriations Status Table.
FY2013 Action in the House
On July 18, 2012, the House Appropriations L-HHS-ED Subcommittee approved a draft bill to
provide full-year FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations. The bill was not marked up by the full
committee prior to the end of the 112th Congress and a detailed table on programs that would have
been funded by the bill was not made publicly available. As such, this report provides only
limited information about this draft bill from the 112th Congress.
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According to the committee’s press release, the bill would have provided roughly $150 billion for
discretionary L-HHS-ED programs and activities in FY2013.12 This amount, which matches the
L-HHS-ED budget cap established by the House Appropriations Committee, includes current year
budget authority only (adjusted for scorekeeping).13 As such, this estimate is not comparable to
most other numbers in this report, because other estimates (except as noted) generally include
total budget authority in the bill, not current year budget authority only (see “Important Budget
Concepts” for further explanation).
While the draft subcommittee bill would have increased funding for some programs (e.g., Head
Start), the committee’s press release indicated that the bill would have decreased aggregate
discretionary funding for DOL, HHS, and ED compared to FY2012. The draft subcommittee bill
also included a number of provisions that would have rescinded funding, prohibited use of funds
for certain activities, or eliminated programs or agencies altogether. For instance, the bill would
have rescinded funding for—or otherwise stop implementation of—certain aspects of the health
reform law (P.L. 111-148, as amended); terminated the HHS Agency for Healthcare Research and
Quality (AHRQ), while transferring some of AHRQ’s functions elsewhere; temporarily halted the
reorganization, announced in April 2012, of various HHS agencies and offices (including the
Administration on Aging) into a new Administration on Community Living;14 terminated funding
for ED’s Race to the Top program; and eliminated funding for the Corporation for Public
Broadcasting (one of the bill’s “related agencies”).
Treatment of the House Subcommittee-Approved Bill in this Report
Because the House subcommittee’s draft bill was not introduced or reported out of committee prior to the end of
the 112th Congress, the remainder of this report has not been updated to incorporate information about this bill.
FY2013 Action in the Senate
On June 14, 2012, the Senate Committee on Appropriations reported a bill that would provide
full-year FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations (S. 3295, S.Rept. 112-176). Prior to this, on June 12,
2012, the L-HHS-ED Subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Appropriations had approved a
draft bill for full committee consideration.
As reported by the full committee during the 112th Congress, S. 3295 would have provided $166
billion in discretionary funding for L-HHS-ED. This amount is about 1% more than the
comparable FY2012 funding level ($164 billion) and about 0.03% less than the FY2013
President’s request, based on estimates drawn from the committee report. In addition, the Senate
committee bill would have provided an estimated $612 billion in mandatory funding, for a
combined total of nearly $778 billion for L-HHS-ED as a whole (see Figure 1). This amount is

12 House Appropriations Committee (Republicans), “Appropriations Committee Releases the Fiscal Year 2013 Labor,
Health and Human Services Funding Bill,” press release, July 17, 2012, http://appropriations.house.gov/news/
documentprint.aspx?DocumentID=303303.
13 See H.Rept. 112-489 for House budget caps (also called 302(b) allocations) for each appropriations subcommittee.
14 Neither the FY2013 CR nor the Senate committee-approved bill includes a similar provision. The remainder of this
report assumes the continued existence of the Administration on Community Living (ACL). For more information, see
the Federal Register notice establishing ACL: Department of Health and Human Services, “Statement of Organization,
Functions, and Delegations of Authority; Administration on Community Living,” 77 Federal Register 23250-23260,
April 18, 2012. See also the ACL homepage at http://www.hhs.gov/acl/.
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roughly 5% more than the comparable FY2012 funding level and 0.01% less than the FY2013
President’s request, based on estimates provided in the committee report.
Figure 1. Proposed FY2013 Appropriations for the Departments of Labor, HHS,
Education, and Related Agencies in S. 3295 from the 112th Congress
BA in billions of dollars

Source: Al amounts in this figure are estimated based on the committee report (S.Rept. 112-176)
accompanying the Senate committee’s FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations bill (S. 3295 in the 112th Congress).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Amounts in this table: (1) reflect all BA appropriated in the bill, regardless of the
year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include advances from prior year appropriations, but do
include advances for subsequent years provided in this bill); (2) have generally not been adjusted to reflect
scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested) for agencies and accounts subject to the
jurisdiction of the Labor, HHS, Education Subcommittee of the House and Senate Committees on
Appropriations; and (4) do not include direct appropriations that occur outside of appropriations bills.
FY2013 President’s Budget Request
On February 13, 2012, the Obama Administration released its FY2013 Budget. The President’s
Budget requested $166 billion in discretionary funding for accounts funded by the L-HHS-ED
bill (+1% from comparable FY2012), based on estimates shown in the Senate committee report.
In addition, the President’s Budget requested roughly $612 billion in annually appropriated
mandatory funding (based on the most recent current law estimates), for a total of roughly $778
billion (+5% from comparable FY2012) for the L-HHS-ED bill as a whole.
Conclusion of the FY2012 Appropriations Process
On December 23, 2011, President Obama signed into law the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
2012 (H.R. 2055, H.Rept. 112-331, P.L. 112-74). This appropriations “megabus” provided
FY2012 appropriations for nine of the twelve regular appropriations bills, including L-HHS-ED.
(Prior to December 23rd, L-HHS-ED funding for FY2012 had been provided by a series of short-
term continuing resolutions: P.L. 112-68, P.L. 112-67, P.L. 112-55, P.L. 112-36, and P.L. 112-33.)
Also on December 23, President Obama signed into law the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act,
2012 (H.R. 3672, P.L. 112-77), which provided additional L-HHS-ED funding for certain
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program integrity activities at the Social Security Administration. Combined, these laws provided
an estimated $164 billion in discretionary funding for accounts traditionally funded by the L-
HHS-ED bill. In addition, the laws provided an estimated $577 billion in mandatory funding for
L-HHS-ED accounts, for a total of roughly $741 billion. These FY2012 estimates, as reported in
the S.Rept. 112-176 (accompanying the FY2013 Senate committee bill), take into account the
0.189% across-the-board rescission required for most discretionary L-HHS-ED accounts in
FY2012, as well as estimated transfers and adjustments for comparability or other activities. (For
additional details on amounts provided by bill title, see Table 2 in this report or see CRS Report
R42010, Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education: FY2012 Appropriations.)
Overview of FY2013 Appropriations Proposals
Table 2 displays the total amount of FY2012 discretionary and mandatory L-HHS-ED funding
(adjusted for comparability) provided, by title, compared to the FY2013 President’s request and
the FY2013 Senate committee bill (referred to as the FY2013 proposals in this report). The
amounts shown in this table reflect total budget authority provided in the bill (i.e., all funds
appropriated in the current bill, regardless of the fiscal year in which the funds become available),
not total budget authority available for the current fiscal year.
Table 2. L-HHS-ED Appropriations Overview by Bill Title, FY2012-FY2013
Total BA provided by the bill, in billions of dollars
FY2013 Senate
FY2012
FY2013
Committee
Bill Title
Comparable
Request
(S. 3295/112th)
Department of Labor
14.7
14.3
14.7
Discretionary 12.6
12.0
12.3
Mandatory
2.2
2.3
2.3
Department of Health and Human Services
589.3
620.6
621.6
Discretionary 69.6
70.0
71.0
Mandatory 519.7
550.6
550.6
Department of Education
71.2
73.1
71.8
Discretionary 68.1
69.9
68.5
Mandatory 3.1
3.2
3.2
Related Agencies
66.3
69.6
69.6
Discretionary 13.8
14.2
14.1
Mandatory 52.4
55.4
55.4
L-HHS-ED Bill Total (BA Provided in the Bill)
741.5
777.6
777.6
Discretionary 164.1
166.1
166.0
Mandatory 577.4
611.6
611.6
Source: Al amounts in this table are estimated based on the committee report (S.Rept. 112-176) accompanying
the Senate committee’s FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations bill (S. 3295 in the 112th Congress).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add due to rounding. Amounts in this table: (1) reflect all BA
appropriated in the bill, regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
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advances from prior year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bill); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the Labor, HHS, Education Subcommittee of the House
and Senate Committees on Appropriations; and (4) do not include direct appropriations that occur outside of
appropriations bills.
When taking into account both mandatory and discretionary funding, HHS received more than
three-quarters of the FY2012 L-HHS-ED appropriations; the same would also be true under both
of the FY2013 proposals shown in Table 2 (see Figure 2 for the composition of the FY2013
Senate committee bill from the 112th Congress). This is largely due to the sizable amount of
mandatory funding included in the HHS appropriation, the majority of which is for Medicaid
grants to states and payments to health care trust funds. After HHS, the Department of Education
and Related Agencies represent the next largest shares of total L-HHS-ED funding, accounting
for roughly 9% to 10% each in FY2012 and the FY2013 proposals. Unlike HHS, the majority of
appropriations for ED are discretionary. However, the bulk of funding for the Related Agencies
goes toward mandatory payments and administrative costs of the Supplemental Security Income
program at the Social Security Administration. Finally, the Department of Labor accounts for the
smallest share of total L-HHS-ED funds: roughly 2% in FY2012 and the FY2013 proposals.
When looking only at discretionary appropriations, however, the overall composition of L-HHS-
ED funding is noticeably different (see Figure 2). Rather than being dominated by HHS alone,
the majority of all discretionary appropriations (84%) are split relatively evenly between HHS
and ED in FY2012 and in the two FY2013 proposals. The Department of Labor and the Related
Agencies then combine to account for a roughly even split of the remaining 16% of discretionary
L-HHS-ED funds in FY2012 and in the FY2013 proposals.
Figure 2. FY2013 L-HHS-ED Appropriations, by Title, as Proposed in S. 3295
(112th Congress)
BA in billions of dollars

Source: Al amounts in this figure are estimated based on the committee report (S.Rept. 112-176)
accompanying the Senate committee’s FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations bill (S. 3295 in the 112th Congress).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add due to rounding. Amounts in this table: (1) reflect all BA
appropriated in the bill, regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bill); (2)
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have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the Labor, HHS, Education Subcommittee of the House
and Senate Committees on Appropriations; and (4) do not include direct appropriations that occur outside of
appropriations bills.
FY2013 Budget Enforcement Activities
Budget Control Act of 2011
Congress is considering FY2013 appropriations in the context of the Budget Control Act of 2011
(BCA, P.L. 112-25), which established discretionary spending limits for FY2012-FY2021.15 The
BCA allows for adjustments to be made to annual discretionary spending caps for certain costs
specified in the law, including increases (up to a point) in new budget authority provided for
specified program integrity initiatives at HHS and the Social Security Administration.16
The BCA also tasked a Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction to develop a federal deficit
reduction plan for Congress and the President to enact by January 15, 2012. The failure of
Congress and the President to enact deficit reduction legislation by that date triggered an
automatic spending reduction process established by the BCA, consisting of a combination of
sequestration and lower discretionary spending caps that was initially scheduled to begin on
January 2, 2013. However, prior to that date, Congress enacted the American Taxpayer Relief Act
of 2012 (ATRA, P.L. 112-240), which made several substantive changes to the BCA. For
instance, the ATRA delayed the implementation of the BCA sequester until March 1, 2013, and
reduced the total amount scheduled to be sequestered.17
FY2013 BCA Sequestration
The BCA sequestration process for FY2013 requires automatic, largely across-the-board spending
cuts at the account and program level to achieve equal budget reductions from both defense and
nondefense funding. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) was tasked with determining
the level of these cuts, under terms specified by the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
Control Act of 1985 (as amended by the BCA and ATRA).

15 For a more detailed explanation of the BCA, see CRS Report R41965, The Budget Control Act of 2011, by Bill
Heniff Jr., Elizabeth Rybicki, and Shannon M. Mahan.
16 Other allowable adjustments include certain costs related to overseas contingency operations/Global War on Terror,
emergency spending, and—to a limited extent—disaster relief appropriations. With respect to program integrity
adjustments in FY2012, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has reported that total discretionary
appropriations for continuing disability reviews and redeterminations at the SSA ($757 million) required a cap
adjustment of $483 million, which is $140 million less than the maximum allowable adjustment. Meanwhile, total
discretionary FY2012 appropriations for health care fraud and abuse ($310 million) did not require any adjustment to
the discretionary cap. The law would have allowed for a cap adjustment of up to $270 million for these activities in
FY2012. For additional information, see Office of Management and Budget, OMB Final Sequestration Report to the
President and Congress for Fiscal Year 2012, January 18, 2012, pp. 6-7, http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/
omb/assets/legislative_reports/sequestration/sequestration_final_jan2012.pdf.
17 For more information about ATRA, see CRS Report R42949, The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012:
Modifications to the Budget Enforcement Procedures in the Budget Control Act, by Bill Heniff Jr.
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On March 1, 2013, President Obama ordered the BCA-mandated sequestration.18 OMB calculated
that this sequestration would require a 5.0% reduction in non-exempt nondefense discretionary
funding, a 2.0% reduction in certain Medicare funding (subject to a special rule), and a 5.1%
reduction for most other non-exempt nondefense mandatory funding.19 (OMB also reported on
the required percent reductions of non-exempt defense spending, but these do not apply to L-
HHS-ED funding.) OMB applied these percent reductions to the funding levels in place at the
time of the sequester order (March 1) to calculate the dollar amount reductions for each account,
program, project, and activity across the government.20
Notably, some programs are exempt from sequestration or subject to special rules. The L-HHS-
ED bill contains several programs that are exempt from sequestration, including Medicaid,
payments to health care trust funds, Supplemental Security Income, Special Benefits for Disabled
Coal Miners, retirement pay and medical benefits for commissioned Public Health Service
officers, foster care and adoption assistance, and certain family support payments. The L-HHS-
ED bill also contains several programs that are subject to special rules under sequestration, such
as unemployment compensation, certain student loans, health centers, and portions of Medicare.21
FY2013 Budget Resolution and 302(b) Allocations
On June 12, 2012, the Senate Committee on Appropriations adopted revised FY2013 funding
caps (commonly referred to as 302(b) allocations) for each appropriations subcommittee,
including L-HHS-ED (see Table 3).22 These allocations are based on the Senate’s FY2013
aggregate and committee spending caps (commonly referred to as 302(a) allocations). The 302(a)
allocations were established and made enforceable in the Senate via a so-called “deeming
resolution” filed in the Congressional Record on March 20, 2012, by Senate Budget Committee
Chairman Kent Conrad.23 Separately, several concurrent resolutions on the FY2013 budget have
been brought to the floor in the Senate, but each has been rejected on a motion to proceed.24

18 The White House, Office of the Press Secretary, “Sequestration Order for Fiscal Year 2013 Pursuant to Section
251A of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act, as Amended,” press release, March 1, 2013,
http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/2013sequestration-order-rel.pdf.
19 Office of Management and Budget, Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies (M-13-06),
“Issuance of the Sequestration Order Pursuant to Section 251A of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
Act of 1985, as Amended,” March 1, 2013, http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/memoranda/2013/m-13-
06.pdf.
20 For L-HHS-ED, total amounts subject to the sequester include non-exempt funds provided by the FY2013 CR (P.L.
112-175) and the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2013 (P.L. 113-2), as well as non-exempt funds provided outside
the annual appropriations process via direct spending budget authority. For an illustrative list of these reductions at the
account level, see “OMB Report to the Congress on the Joint Committee Sequestration for FY2013,” March 1, 2013,
http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/legislative_reports/fy13ombjcsequestrationreport.pdf. OMB
has not released this information at the program, project, or activity level.
21 For more information, see CRS Report R42050, Budget “Sequestration” and Selected Program Exemptions and
Special Rules, coordinated by Karen Spar.
22 It is common for 302(b) allocations to be revised throughout the year to reflect action on appropriations bills and
changes in congressional priorities. For FY2013, for instance, the Senate has issued several 302(b) reports: S.Rept.
112-156 on April 19th, S.Rept. 112-160 on April 25th, and S.Rept. 112-175 on June 12th.
23 Both the requirement that the Senate Budget Committee chair file these spending caps and the requirement that these
levels be enforceable in the Senate result from the BCA (Section 106(b)(2)). For additional information, see CRS
Report RL31443, The “Deeming Resolution”: A Budget Enforcement Tool, by Megan S. Lynch.
24 These include H.Con.Res. 112 (as passed by the House), as well as S.Con.Res. 37, S.Con.Res. 41, S.Con.Res. 42,
and S.Con.Res. 44.
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Meanwhile, on April 17, 2012, the House agreed to H.Res. 614, a special rule deeming the
House-passed budget resolution for FY2013 (H.Con.Res. 112) as enforceable, pending the
adoption by the House and Senate of a budget resolution for FY2013. On May 8, the House
agreed to H.Res. 643 which amended H.Res. 614 by inserting enforceable aggregate and
committee spending levels—302(a) allocations—that were originally included in the committee
report accompanying H.Con.Res. 112 (H.Rept. 112-421). On the basis of these 302(a) allocations,
the House Committee on Appropriations has reported out FY2013 spending caps—302(b)
allocations—for each appropriations subcommittee. Most recently, the House reported revised
302(b) allocations on May 22, 2012 (see Table 3).25
Notably, the FY2013 spending caps established in the House are lower than those established in
the Senate. The allocation gap could create a challenge in reconciling FY2013 legislation drafted
by the House and Senate subcommittees. See Table 3 for an overview of the L-HHS-ED 302(b)
allocations for FY2013, as compared to the Senate committee bill for FY2013 and comparable
FY2012 appropriations subject to that year’s 302(b).26 Note that budget enforcement caps are
applied to budget authority available in the current fiscal year (excluding emergency funding),
adjusted for scorekeeping by the Congressional Budget Office. As such, totals shown in this table
may not match other totals shown in this report.
Table 3. FY2013 Discretionary 302(b) Allocations and Status of Comparable
Appropriations for L-HHS-ED
(BA in billions of dollars)
FY2013 Senate
FY2012
FY2013
FY2013
Cmte. Bill
Comparable
House Allocation
Senate Allocation
(S. 3295/112th)
156.8 150.0
157.7 158.8a
Source: The FY2012 number reflects the amount of appropriated discretionary budget authority that was
subject to the FY2012 cap for L-HHS-ED, as reported in March 2012 by the Congressional Budget Office in
discretionary appropriations status publications for FY2012 (http://www.cbo.gov/topics/budget/appropriations).
The FY2013 House al ocation is from H.Rept. 112-489, reported on May 22, 2012. The FY2013 Senate al ocation
is from S.Rept. 112-175, reported on June 12, 2012. The FY2013 Senate committee bill (S. 3295) amount is from
S.Rept. 112-176, reported on June 14, 2012.
Notes: BA = budget authority. BA subject to discretionary 302(b) allocations represents current year budget
authority (not total budget authority in the bill), adjusted for scorekeeping.
a. The Budget Control Act allows for an increase in the caps for additional BA provided for program integrity
initiatives aimed at reducing improper benefit payments in Disability Insurance and Supplemental Security
Income programs, Medicare, Medicaid, and the Children’s Health Insurance Program. S. 3295 provides $1.05
billion for program integrity initiatives and p. 239 of S.Rept. 112-176 indicates the Senate Appropriations
Committee’s expectation that the Senate Budget Committee will file a revised Section 302(a) al ocation for
the Committee on Appropriations reflecting an upward adjustment of $1.05 billion in BA.

25 See H.Rept. 112-489.
26 Not all funds are subject to 302(b) budget enforcement caps. For instance, new budget authority designated in
appropriations legislation as necessary to meet emergency needs is generally exempt from these caps.
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Department of Labor (DOL)
Note that all figures in this section are based on regular L-HHS-ED appropriations only; they do
not include funds provided outside of the annual appropriations process (e.g., direct
appropriations for Unemployment Insurance benefits payments). All amounts in this section are
rounded to the nearest million or billion (as labeled). The dollar changes and percent changes
discussed in the text are based on unrounded amounts.
About DOL
DOL is a federal department comprised of multiple entities that provide services related to
employment and training, worker protection, income security, and contract enforcement. Annual
L-HHS-ED appropriations laws direct funding to all DOL entities (see box for all entities
supported by the L-HHS-ED bill).28 The DOL entities fall primarily into two main functional
areas—workforce development and worker protection. First, there are several DOL entities that
administer workforce employment and training programs, such as the Workforce Investment Act
(WIA) state formula grant programs, Job Corps, and the Employment Service, that provide direct
funding for employment activities or administration of income security programs (e.g., for the
Unemployment Insurance benefits program).
Also included in this area is the Veterans’
DOL Entities Funded Via the
Employment and Training Service (VETS),
L-HHS-ED Appropriations Process
which provides employment services
Employment and Training Administration (ETA)
specifically for the veteran population. Second,
Employee Benefits Security Administration (EBSA)
there are several agencies that provide various
Wage and Hour Division (WHD)
worker protection services. For example, the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs
(OSHA), the Mine Safety and Health
(OFCCP)
Administration (MSHA), and the Wage and
Office of Labor-Management Standards (OLMS)
Hour Division provide different types of
Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCP)
regulation and oversight of working conditions.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
DOL entities focused on worker protection
provide services to ensure worker safety,
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
adherence to wage and overtime laws, and
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
contract compliance, among other duties. In
Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP)
addition to these two main functional areas, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects data
Departmental Management (DM)27
and provides analysis on the labor market and
related labor issues.

27 Departmental Management includes the Veterans Employment and Training Service (VETS), IT Modernization, and
the Office of the Inspector General.
28 The Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) is funded primarily through insurance premiums and related fees
from companies covered by the PBGC.
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FY2013 DOL Appropriations Overview
The FY2013 Senate committee bill from the 112th Congress (S. 3295, S.Rept. 112-176) would
have provided $14.68 billion in combined mandatory and discretionary funding for DOL. This
amount is $28 million (-0.2%) less than the comparable FY2012 funding level of $14.71 billion
and $358 million (+2.5%) more than the FY2013 President’s Budget request of $14.32 billion,
based on estimates reported in S.Rept. 112-176. (See Table 4.) Of the total recommended for
DOL in the FY2013 Senate committee bill, roughly $12.34 billion (84%) would have been
discretionary. This amount is $211 million (-1.7%) less than the estimated discretionary funding
level for FY2012 ($12.55 billion) and $358 million (+3.0%) more than the discretionary total
requested in the FY2013 President’s Budget.
Table 4. DOL Appropriations Overview
(Dollars in billions)
FY2013 Senate
FY2012
FY2013
Committee
Funding
Comparable
Request
(S. 3295/112th)
Discretionary 12.55
11.98
12.34
Mandatory 2.16
2.34
2.34
Total BA Provided in the Bill
14.71 14.32 14.68
Source: Al amounts in this table are estimated based on the committee report (S.Rept. 112-176) accompanying
the Senate committee’s FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations bill (S. 3295 in the 112th Congress).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add due to rounding. Amounts in this table: (1) reflect all BA
appropriated in the bill, regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bill); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the Labor, HHS, Education Subcommittee of the House
and Senate Committees on Appropriations; and (4) do not include direct appropriations that occur outside of
appropriations bills.
Selected DOL Highlights from FY2013 Appropriations Action
The following are some DOL highlights from the FY2013 Senate committee bill from the 112th
Congress (S. 3295) compared to comparable FY2012 funding levels and proposed funding levels
from the FY2013 President’s Budget.29
Employment and Training Administration (ETA)
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have continued a provision started in the FY2011
appropriations law, which limits the governors’ reserve of WIA state formula grants to 5% of the
total received from the three state formula grants—Adult, Youth, and Dislocated Workers. The

29 DOL budget materials can be found online at http://www.dol.gov/dol/aboutdol/main.htm#budget. OMB budget
materials can be found online at http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget. For detailed information on the DOL funding
levels recommended by the FY2013 Senate committee bill, as compared to FY2012 comparable and the FY2013
request, see the committee report accompanying the bill (S.Rept. 112-176), which can be found online at
http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CRPT-112srpt176/pdf/CRPT-112srpt176.pdf
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statutory limit is 15%, but the FY2011 appropriations law reduced this to 5% and the FY2012
appropriations law maintained this provision. The FY2013 Senate committee bill would,
however, have added new language allowing governors to reserve up to 10% of the three WIA
state formula grants if half of that total reserve is used to support on-the-job and incumbent
worker training to prevent layoffs or increase employment. The three state formula grant
programs would have been funded at $2.6 billion in the FY2013 Senate committee bill, the same
funding level in FY2012.
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have maintained flat funding ($49.9 million) relative to
FY2012 for the Workforce Innovation Fund (WIF). The WIF was created in the FY2011
appropriations law (P.L. 112-10) in response to a request from the FY2011 President’s Budget. It
provides competitive grants for innovative approaches to workforce development. The Senate
committee bill would have added language to allow a portion of WIF funding to be used for Pay
for Success pilot programs, which provide performance-based awards to entities delivering
employment and training services with effective outcomes.30
Adopting a proposal from the President’s budget request, the FY2013 Senate committee bill
would have eliminated funding for two current programs—Pilots, Demonstrations, and Research
(-$6.6 million); and Evaluation (-$9.6 million). Instead of funding research and evaluation
activities through the aforementioned programs, the Senate committee bill (consistent with the
President’s request) would have implemented a 0.5% set-aside of funds from appropriations for
WIA, Job Corps, and the Employment Service for these activities.
Finally, the FY2013 Senate committee bill included $75 million (an increase of $15 million from
FY2012) within the State Unemployment Insurance and Employment Service Operations
(SUIESO) account to conduct in-person re-employment and eligibility assessments and to
conduct Unemployment Insurance (UI) improper payment reviews.
Wage and Hour Division (WHD)
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have provided $237.7 million for salaries and expenses
of the WHD. This amount is approximately $10 million more than the FY2012 level. The
committee report indicated that the increase was intended to support the WHD’s initiative to
detect and deter employee misclassification and to increase oversight of the minimum wage
provisions in Section 14(c) of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). Regarding misclassification,
at issue is whether workers are classified as “independent contractors” inappropriately, which has
implications for these employees’ access to benefits and protections extended to regular wage and
salary employees. Section 14(c) of the FLSA allows DOL to issue certificates to organizations
that permit them to pay subminimum wages to workers with disabilities.
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have provided $619 million for BLS, an increase of
nearly $10 million over the FY2012 level and would have directed the Secretary of Labor to
conduct a comprehensive assessment of the proper purpose, structure, and methods of the

30 The FY2013 Senate L-HHS-ED bill contains similar funding provisions for Pay for Success programs in other titles,
including the Department of Education and Related Agencies.
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Federal-State cooperative statistics system. This cooperative system includes BLS, ETA, and state
labor market information agencies, among other entities. In addition, the Senate committee bill
expressed support for the National Longitudinal Surveys (NLS) program and recommended that
data collection in the NLS occur not less than biennially.
Veterans Employment and Training (VETS)
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have provided $262.8 million for VETS, a decrease of
about $1.6 million compared to the FY2012 appropriation, but an increase of about $4 million
compared to the President’s FY2013 budget request. Within VETS, however, the Senate
committee bill would have increased funding for the Transition Assistance Program (TAP), which
provides employment information and related services to military members transitioning to the
civilian sector, from nearly $9 million in FY2012 to $14 million in FY2013. The proposed
increase in TAP funding reflects the expected increase in the number of transitioning service
members.
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Note that all figures in this section are based on regular L-HHS-ED appropriations only; they do
not include funds for HHS agencies provided through other appropriations bills (e.g., funding for
the Food and Drug Administration) or outside of the annual appropriations process (e.g., direct
appropriations for Medicare or pre-appropriated
mandatory funds provided by authorizing laws,
HHS Agencies Funded Via the
such as the Patient Protection and Affordable
L-HHS-ED Appropriations Process
Care Act (ACA, P.L. 111-148)31). All amounts
in this section are rounded to the nearest million
Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
or billion (as labeled). The dollar changes and
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
percent changes discussed in the text are based
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
on unrounded amounts.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration (SAMHSA)
About HHS
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
HHS is a sprawling federal department
comprised of multiple agencies working to
Administration for Children and Families (ACF)
enhance the health and well-being of
Administration for Community Living (ACL)
Americans. Annual L-HHS-ED appropriations
Office of the Secretary (OS)
laws direct funding to most (but not all) HHS
agencies (see box for all agencies supported by the L-HHS-ED bill).32 For instance, the L-HHS-
ED bill directs funding to five Public Health Service (PHS) agencies: HRSA, CDC, NIH,

31 The ACA was subsequently amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (P.L. 111-152). These
two laws are collectively referred to as the ACA in this report. (Previous CRS reports on the Patient Protection and
Affordable Care Act used the acronym PPACA to refer to the statute, but newer reports will use “ACA,” in
conformance with the more widely-used acronym for the law.) For information on funding directly appropriated by
ACA, see the tables in CRS Report R41301, Appropriations and Fund Transfers in the Patient Protection and
Affordable Care Act (ACA), by C. Stephen Redhead.
32 Three HHS public health agencies receive annual funding from appropriations bills other than the L-HHS-ED bill:
the Food and Drug Administration (Agriculture appropriations bill), the Indian Health Service (Interior-Environment
(continued...)
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SAMHSA, and AHRQ.33 These public health agencies support diverse missions, ranging from the
provision of health care services and supports (e.g., HRSA, SAMHSA), to the advancement of
health care quality and medical research (e.g., AHRQ, NIH), to the prevention and control of
infectious and chronic disease (e.g., CDC). In addition, the L-HHS-ED bill provides funding for
annually appropriated components34 of CMS, which is the HHS agency responsible for the
administration of Medicare, Medicaid, and the State Children’s Health Insurance Program
(CHIP), and consumer protections and private health insurance provisions of the ACA. The L-
HHS-ED bill also provides funding for two HHS agencies focused primarily on the provision of
social services: ACF and ACL. The mission of ACF is to promote the economic and social well-
being of vulnerable children, youth, families, and communities. Meanwhile, ACL was formed
with a goal of increasing access to community supports for older Americans and people with
disabilities. Notably, ACL is a new agency within HHS—it was established in April 2012 and
brings together the Administration on Aging, the Office of Disability, and the Administration on
Developmental Disabilities (renamed the Administration on Intellectual and Developmental
Disabilities) into one agency.35 Finally, the L-HHS-ED bill also provides funding for the HHS
Office of the Secretary, which encompasses a broad array of management, research, oversight,
and emergency preparedness functions in support of the entire department.
FY2013 HHS Appropriations Overview
The FY2013 L-HHS-ED bill reported by the Senate Committee on Appropriations in the 112th
Congress (S. 3295, S.Rept. 112-176) would have provided $621.6 billion in combined mandatory
and discretionary funding for HHS. This amount is $32.3 billion (+5.5%) more than the
comparable FY2012 funding level of $589.3 billion and $1.0 billion (+0.2%) more than the
FY2013 President’s Budget request of $620.6 billion, based on estimates reported in S.Rept. 112-
176. (See Table 5.) Of the total recommended for HHS in the FY2013 Senate committee bill,
roughly $71.0 billion (11.4%) would have been discretionary. This amount is $1.4 billion (+2.0%)
more than the estimated discretionary funding level for FY2012 ($69.6 billion) and $1.0 billion
(+1.4%) more than the discretionary total requested in the FY2013 President’s Budget ($70.0
billion).

(...continued)
appropriations bill), and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (Interior-Environment appropriations
bill).
33 For more information on HHS PHS agencies, see CRS Report R41737, Public Health Service (PHS) Agencies:
Overview and Funding, FY2010-FY2012, coordinated by C. Stephen Redhead and Pamela W. Smith.
34 Much of the funding for CMS activities is directly appropriated in authorizing legislation and thus is not subject to
the annual appropriations process.
35 See the Secretary’s press release from April 16, 2012: http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2012pres/04/20120416a.html.
For more information on the ACL, see http://www.hhs.gov/acl/.
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Table 5. HHS Appropriations Overview
(Dollars in billions)
FY2013 Senate
FY2012
FY2013
Committee
Funding
Comparable
Request
(S. 3295/112th)
Discretionary 69.6
70.0
71.0
Mandatory 519.7
550.6
550.6
Total BA Provided in the Bill
589.3 620.6 621.6
Source: Al amounts in this table are estimated based on the committee report (S.Rept. 112-176) accompanying
the Senate committee’s FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations bill (S. 3295 in the 112th Congress).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add due to rounding. Amounts in this table: (1) reflect all BA
appropriated in the bill, regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bill); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the Labor, HHS, Education Subcommittee of the House
and Senate Committees on Appropriations; and (4) do not include direct appropriations that occur outside of
appropriations bills.
Annual HHS appropriations are dominated by mandatory funding, the majority of which goes to
CMS to provide Medicaid benefits and payments to health care trust funds. When taking into
account both mandatory and discretionary funding, CMS accounts for roughly 87% of all HHS
appropriations in FY2012 and in both FY2013 proposals (i.e., the President’s Budget and the
Senate bill). The PHS agencies combine for the next largest share of total HHS appropriations,
accounting for an estimated 8% of total HHS appropriations in FY2012 and 7% of total HHS
funding in both FY2013 proposals.
By contrast, when looking exclusively at discretionary appropriations, CMS constitutes 6% to 8%
of total discretionary HHS appropriations in FY2012 and in the FY2013 proposals. In fact, the
PHS agencies receive the dominant share of discretionary HHS funding, estimated at 64% to 66%
of total discretionary appropriations in FY2012 and the FY2013 proposals. NIH traditionally
receives the largest share of all discretionary funding among HHS agencies (43% to 44% in
FY2012 and the FY2013 proposals), with ACF accounting for the second largest share of all
discretionary HHS appropriations (23% in FY2012 and both FY2013 proposals).
See Figure 3 for an agency-level breakdown of HHS appropriations (combined mandatory and
discretionary) in the FY2013 Senate committee bill.
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Figure 3. FY2013 HHS Appropriations, by Agency, as Proposed in S. 3295 in the
112th Congress
BA in billions of dollars

Source: Al amounts in this figure are estimated based on the committee report (S.Rept. 112-176)
accompanying the Senate committee’s FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations bill (S. 3295 in the 112th Congress).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add due to rounding. Amounts in this table: (1) reflect all BA
appropriated in the bill, regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bill); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the Labor, HHS, Education Subcommittee of the House
and Senate Committees on Appropriations; and (4) do not include direct appropriations that occur outside of
appropriations bills.
Selected HHS Highlights from FY2013 Appropriations Actions36
This section discusses several important aspects of discretionary HHS appropriations. First, it
provides an introduction to two special funding mechanisms included in the public health budget,
the Public Health Service Evaluation Set-Aside and the Prevention and Public Health Fund. Next,
it reviews a limited selection of FY2013 discretionary funding highlights across HHS. Finally, the
section concludes with a brief overview of significant provisions from annual HHS appropriations
laws that restrict spending in certain controversial areas, such as abortion and stem cell research.

36 For a full list of HHS proposals from the President’s Budget, see FY2013 budget documents prepared by HHS and
the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). HHS budget materials can be found online at http://www.hhs.gov/
budget/. OMB budget materials can be found online at http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget. For detailed
information on the HHS funding levels recommended by the FY2013 Senate committee bill, as compared to FY2012
comparable and the FY2013 request, see the committee report accompanying the bill (S.Rept. 112-176), which can be
found online at http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CRPT-112srpt176/pdf/CRPT-112srpt176.pdf.
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Public Health Service Evaluation Tap
A unique budget feature of some of the agencies and programs in HHS is their receipt of funding
from the Public Health Service (PHS) Evaluation Set-Aside program, also known as the PHS
Evaluation Tap.37 The tap provides more than a dozen HHS programs with funding beyond their
regular appropriations (or in a few cases, programs may be funded, or requested for funding,
entirely from the tap). The PHS Evaluation Tap allows the Secretary of HHS to redistribute a
portion of eligible PHS agency appropriations for program evaluation purposes across HHS. In
the annual L-HHS-ED act, Congress specifies the maximum percentage for the set-aside, and also
directs specific amounts of funding from the tap to a number of HHS programs.
The set-aside level for FY2012 was 2.5% of eligible appropriations, making just over $1.0 billion
available for transfer among programs. The FY2013 President’s Budget proposed to increase the
set-aside to 3.2%, which would have made nearly $1.4 billion available for reallocation under the
President’s proposed FY2013 funding levels. The proposed uses of the extra tap funding included
increasing overall program support in some cases, and replacing regular appropriations with tap
funding in other cases. In S. 3295 (112th Congress), the Senate Appropriations Committee
rejected the proposed increase and maintained the tap at 2.5% “because of concern about the
effect of this proposal on PHS Act agencies that are used as a source of evaluation transfers, most
notably NIH.”38
Prevention and Public Health Fund
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) established three multi-billion dollar trust
funds to support programs and activities within the PHS agencies. One of these, the Prevention
and Public Health Fund (PPHF, ACA Section 4002, as amended), is intended to provide support
each year to prevention, wellness, and other public health programs and activities authorized
under the PHS Act. For FY2013, the ACA pre-appropriated $1.25 billion in mandatory funds, but
Congress subsequently amended the ACA to decrease FY2013 the pre-appropriations to $1.0
billion.39 The PPHF funds are available for transfer to agencies and programs as specified by
Congress in the L-HHS-ED appropriations bill. The FY2013 President’s Budget included the
Administration’s suggested allocations of the mandatory PPHF money; the Senate Appropriations
Committee bill from the 112th Congress approved some of the amounts and adjusted others.40
The PPHF money is intended to supplement, sometimes quite substantially, the funding that
selected programs receive through regular appropriations. Examples in S. 3295 (112th Congress)
include $280 million for CDC’s Community Transformation Grants (funded entirely from the
PPHF), nearly $62 million for various CDC infectious disease programs, $88 million for four
SAMHSA programs, and $10 million for ACL and CDC programs on Elderly Falls Prevention.41

37 The PHS Evaluation Tap is authorized in §241 of the PHS Act (42 U.S.C. §238j).
38 S.Rept. 112-176 on S. 3295, p. 41.
39 See Section 3205 of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (P.L. 112-96), which also decreased
pre-appropriated PPHF funding for each of FY2013-FY2021.
40 At the time the President’s request was prepared, the amount available for FY2013 from the PPHF was the original
ACA-enacted level of $1.25 billion. Subsequently, in February 2012, Congress amended ACA to decrease the
appropriated amounts for FY2013-FY2021 (Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012, P.L. 112-96,
Section 3205).
41 See S.Rept. 112-176. pp. 155-156.
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HHS Highlights by Program Area
The discussion below reviews a limited selection of FY2013 discretionary funding highlights for
programs supported by the HHS public health agencies, as well as programs administered by
CMS, ACF, and ACL. The discussion is based on the FY2013 Senate committee bill from the
112th Congress (S. 3295) compared to comparable FY2012 funding levels and proposed funding
levels from the FY2013 President’s Budget.
Public Health Service Agencies
The Senate committee report accompanying the Senate committee bill discussed FY2013 funding
amounts for the five public health agencies covered in the bill in terms of the total of three
different funding streams: (1) new budget authority provided in the bill (both discretionary and
mandatory appropriations); (2) evaluation tap funds transferred to agency programs;42 and (3)
funding that the Administration and the committee would allocate to agencies from the
Prevention and Public Health Fund. Inclusion of the latter two categories is important because for
certain programs, support previously provided through regular appropriations has been proposed
by the Administration to be replaced by one or both of the other funding streams. Based on
committee recommendations presented in the report, the committee did not generally approve of
this approach.
Considering new BA only, the Senate committee bill would have provided small increases
compared to FY2012 for HRSA, CDC, and NIH, and a small decrease for SAMHSA. AHRQ
funding, provided entirely from the evaluation tap, would have decreased from the FY2012 level.
By contrast, the FY2013 President’s Budget had proposed flat funding for NIH and decreases for
each of the other four agencies.
Selected PHS highlights of the Senate committee bill include
• an emphasis on disease prevention and health promotion, especially through
CDC programs such as those for childhood immunizations, prevention of
diabetes, obesity, and smoking, work on cognitive health and cognitive
impairment, and food safety;
• support of medical research and innovation, including $30.7 billion for NIH, an
overall increase of $100 million (+0.3%) from FY2012, which included a $30
million boost for the Cures Acceleration Network that fosters translational
medicine;
• maintenance of funding levels for some HRSA programs that the Administration
had proposed decreasing or eliminating, such as the Children’s Hospitals
Graduate Medical Education program (maintained at $265 million), Community
Health Centers (maintained at $1.567 billion), and Area Health Education
Centers (maintained at $27 million);
• increases to certain HRSA programs, including $2.397 billion in BA for Ryan
White AIDS programs (+1.3% from FY2012, -2.0% from the FY2013 President’s

42 By convention, such totals do not subtract the amount of the evaluation tap from donor agencies’ appropriations.
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request) and $144 million for Rural Health programs (+4.3% from FY2012,
+17.9% from the FY2013 request); and
• increases of $20 million each for the two SAMHSA block grants, recommending
$459 million in BA for the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant
(+4.6% from FY2012, +4.6% from the FY2013 President’s request) and $1.741
billion in BA for the Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant
(+1.2% from FY2012, +26.5% from the FY2013 request). The committee did not
approve funding requested by the Administration to create new State Prevention
Grant programs in both mental health and substance abuse.
CMS43
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have provided increases in both of the discretionary
appropriations accounts at CMS. The bill would have provided $610 million for Health Care
Fraud and Abuse Control activities (+97% from FY2012, the same level requested in the FY2013
President’s Budget).44 In addition, the bill would have provided $4.37 billion for CMS Program
Management (+14% from FY2012, -9% from the FY2013 President’s request). According to the
committee report (S.Rept. 112-176) accompanying the bill, the bulk of these funds ($3.16 billion)
would have been directed toward program operations. The report stated that program operations
funds were intended to be used for program safeguard expenditures to Medicare contractors, ACA
implementation, and to address increased demand for services that will result from Medicare
population growth.
ACF
The FY2013 Senate committee bill demonstrated an interest in supporting early childhood care
and education programs administered by ACF, including Head Start and the Child Care and
Development Block Grant (CCDBG).45 The bill would have provided $8.04 billion for Head Start
(+0.9% from FY2012, -0.2% from the FY2013 President’s request), directing the proposed
increase toward cost-of-living adjustments (estimated at roughly 0.6%) for current grantees and
transition costs associated with the program’s new Designation Renewal System, through which
low-performing grantees are identified and required to re-compete for funding. The Senate
committee bill would also have increased funding for the CCDBG, recommending an FY2013
funding level of $2.44 billion (+7% from FY2012, -6% from the FY2013 President’s request) and
specifying that a portion of the increase go toward new formula grants for the improvement of the
early childhood care and education workforce.

43 For additional background on the FY2013 President’s Budget request for CMS, see CRS Report R42368, Centers for
Medicare & Medicaid Services: President’s FY2013 Budget, coordinated by Alison Mitchell and Paulette C. Morgan.
44 Of this total, roughly $311 million is considered “base” funding, while the remaining $299 million is provided
through a cap adjustment authorized by Section 251(b) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of
1985, as amended by the BCA. For more information, see S.Rept. 112-176, p. 124. For more information on CMS
program integrity efforts, see CRS Report RL34217, Medicare Program Integrity: Activities to Protect Medicare from
Payment Errors, Fraud, and Abuse, by Cliff Binder.
45 For additional information on background and funding for such programs, see CRS Report R40212, Early Childhood
Care and Education Programs: Background and Funding, by Karen E. Lynch and Gail McCallion.
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ACL46
The Senate committee bill would have provided roughly $30 million (+1% from FY2012) for
ACL Program Administration. This is the same funding level requested by the President’s Budget,
with amounts adjusted for comparability to reflect the administrative costs, including salaries and
oversight, of all components of the newly created ACL (e.g., Administration on Aging, Office of
Disability, and Administration on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities). In addition, the
Senate committee bill would have provided new funding of $8 million for Adult Protective
Services State Demonstration Projects to be administered by ACL. This is the same amount the
Administration requested for FY2013. These demonstration grants are authorized by the Elder
Justice Act to provide competitive grants to states for testing innovative approaches for detecting
and preventing elder abuse and exploitation.47
The Senate committee bill would have rejected the FY2013 President’s Budget proposal to
transfer the Community Service Employment for Older Americans program from the Department
of Labor to HHS/ACL, but would have accepted the Administration’s proposal to transfer the
State Health Insurance Programs (SHIPs) from CMS to ACL. SHIPs, which the Senate committee
bill would have funded at $52 million (the same level as FY2012 and the FY2013 request),
provide one-on-one counseling and information assistance to Medicare beneficiaries and their
families on Medicare and other health insurance issues. In accepting the proposal to transfer
SHIPs to ACL, the committee report noted that many SHIPs are already housed in, or are
partnered with, area agencies on aging.48
Funding Restrictions Related to Certain Controversial Issues
Annual L-HHS-ED appropriations regularly contain restrictions related to certain controversial
issues. For instance, annual appropriations laws generally include provisions limiting the
circumstances under which L-HHS-ED funds (including Medicaid funds) may be used to pay for
abortions. Under current provisions, (1) abortions may be funded only when the life of the mother
is endangered or in cases of rape or incest; (2) funds may not be used to buy a managed care
package that includes abortion coverage, except in cases of rape, incest, or endangerment; and (3)
federal programs and state/local governments that receive L-HHS-ED funding are prohibited
from discriminating against health care entities that do not provide or pay for abortions or
abortion services.49 Similarly, annual appropriations since FY1997 have included a provision
prohibiting L-HHS-ED funds (including NIH funds) from being used to create human embryos

46 For additional information on funding for certain ACL-administered programs, see CRS Report RL33880, Funding
for the Older Americans Act and Other Aging Services Programs, by Angela Napili and Kirsten J. Colello.
47 See Title XX, Section 2042, of the Social Security Act, as amended by the ACA Section 6703.
48 S.Rept. 112-176, p. 143-144.
49 The current provisions, commonly referred to as the Hyde and Weldon Amendments, can be found in §506 and §507
of P.L. 112-74, Division F. For additional information, please see CRS Report RL33467, Abortion: Judicial History
and Legislative Response, by Jon O. Shimabukuro.
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for research purposes or for research in which human embryos are destroyed.50 The Senate
committee bill would have maintained each of these provisions for FY2013.51
In addition, the FY2012 law reinstated a provision, removed in FY2010, prohibiting L-HHS-ED
funds from being used for needle exchange programs.52 The FY2013 Senate bill would have
modified this provision.53 The FY2012 law also expanded a provision prohibiting CDC spending
on activities that advocate or promote gun control so that it applied to all HHS appropriations and
added a new, broader provision prohibiting the use of any L-HHS-ED funds (plus funds
transferred from the Prevention and Public Health Fund) for the promotion of gun control.54 The
FY2013 Senate committee bill would have eliminated the HHS-only prohibition on use of funds
for gun control, but maintained the broader (L-HHS-ED-wide) prohibition against activities to
advocate or promote gun control.55
Department of Education (ED)
Note that all figures in this section are based on regular L-HHS-ED appropriations only; they do
not include funds provided outside of the annual appropriations process (e.g., certain direct
appropriations for Federal Direct Student Loans and Pell Grants). All amounts in this section are
rounded to the nearest million or billion (as labeled). The dollar changes and percent changes
discussed in the text are based on unrounded amounts.
About ED
The federal government provides roughly 9% of overall funding for elementary and secondary
education; the vast majority of funding comes from states and local districts.56 States and school
districts also have primary responsibility for the provision of elementary and secondary education
in the United States. Nevertheless, the United States Department of Education (ED) performs
numerous functions, including promoting educational standards and accountability; gathering
education data via programs such as the National Assessment of Education Progress;
disseminating research on important education issues; and administering federal education
programs and policies. ED is responsible for administering a large number of elementary and
secondary education programs, many of which provide direct support to school districts with a
high concentration of disadvantaged students and students with disabilities. One of the most
important priorities for ED in elementary and secondary education is improving academic
outcomes for all students; particularly disadvantaged students, students with disabilities, English

50 The current provision, commonly referred to as the Dickey Amendment, can be found in §508 of P.L. 112-74,
Division F. For additional information, please see CRS Report RL33554, Stem Cell Research: Ethical and Legal
Issues, by Erin D. Williams, Edward C. Liu, and Judith A. Johnson, and CRS Report RL33540, Stem Cell Research:
Science, Federal Research Funding, and Regulatory Oversight, by Judith A. Johnson and Edward C. Liu.
51 For continuation of the Hyde and Weldon Amendments, see Sections 506 and 507 of S. 3295, Title V. For
continuation of the Dickey Amendment, see Section 508 of S. 3295, Title V.
52 See §523 of P.L. 112-74, Division F
53 See Section 520 of S. 3295, Title V.
54 See §218 (HHS), and §503(c) (all L-HHS-ED, plus PPHF transfers) of P.L. 112-74, Division F.
55 See Section 503 (gun control) of S. 3295, Title V.
56 U.S. Government Accountability Office, Federal Education Funding: Overview of K-12 and Early Childhood
Education Programs, GAO-10-51, January 2010, p. 1.
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language learners, Indians, Native Hawaiians, and Alaska Natives. With regard to higher
education, the federal government supports roughly 74% of all direct aid provided to students to
finance their postsecondary education.57 There are also many higher education programs
administered by ED—the largest are those providing financial aid to facilitate college access,
primarily through student loans and the Pell grant program. In addition, ED administers programs
that address vocational rehabilitation, career and technical education, and adult education.
FY2013 ED Appropriations Overview
The FY2013 L-HHS-ED bill reported by the Senate Committee on Appropriations in the 112th
Congress (S. 3295, S.Rept. 112-176) would have provided $71.8 billion in combined mandatory
and discretionary funding for ED. This amount is $517 million (+ 0.7%) more than the
comparable FY2012 funding level of $71.2 billion and $1.4 billion (-1.9%) less than the FY2013
President’s Budget request of $73.1 billion, based on estimates reported in S.Rept. 112-176.58
(See Table 6.) Of the total recommended for ED in the FY2013 Senate committee bill, roughly
$68.5 billion (95%) would have been discretionary. This amount is $408 million (+0.6 %) more
than the discretionary funding level for FY2012 ($68.1 billion) and $1.4 billion (-2.0%) less than
the discretionary total requested in the FY2013 President’s Budget.
Table 6. ED Appropriations Overview: Combined Mandatory and Discretionary
(Dollars in billions)
FY2013 Senate
FY2012
FY2013
Committee
Funding
Comparable
Request
(S. 3295/112th)
Discretionary 68.1
69.9
68.5
Mandatory 3.1
3.2
3.2
Total BA Provided in the Bill
71.2 73.1 71.8
Source: Al amounts in this table are estimated based on the committee report (S.Rept. 112-176) accompanying
the Senate committee’s FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations bill (S. 3295 in the 112th Congress).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add due to rounding. Amounts in this table: (1) reflect all BA
appropriated in the bill, regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bill); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the Labor, HHS, Education Subcommittee of the House
and Senate Committees on Appropriations; and (4) do not include direct appropriations that occur outside of
appropriations bills.

57 For more information on funding for student aid, visit http://trends.collegeboard.org/downloads/student_aid/PDF/
Trends_in_Student_Aid_2011_Total_Aid_Adjusted_for_Inflation.pdf.
58 Estimates for total and discretionary ED funding under the FY2013 President’s Budget may vary due to differing
treatment of a proposed discretionary modification to Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants.
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Selected ED Highlights from FY2013 Appropriations Actions59
The following are some ED highlights from the FY2013 Senate committee bill from the 112th
Congress (S. 3295) as compared to comparable FY2012 funding levels and proposed funding
levels from the FY2013 President’s Budget. As in FY2011 and FY2012, the FY2013 President’s
Budget proposed a significant reorganization of Elementary and Secondary Education Act
(ESEA) programs that would consolidate many separate authorities into larger programs as part
of a reauthorization of the ESEA.60 As a result, several ESEA program titles in the FY2013
President’s Budget request are not directly comparable to final FY2012 appropriations or the
FY2013 Senate committee bill. Where comparable, the FY2013 President’s request is included in
the discussion that follows.
Education for the Disadvantaged
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have increased funding for Education for the
Disadvantaged State Grants (ESEA Title I-A) program to $14.6 billion. This amount is $100
million more (+0.7%) than the comparable FY2012 funding of $14.5 billion. The FY2013
President’s budget requested level funding for the program.
Special Education
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have provided funding of $11.7 billion for Individuals
with Disabilities Act (IDEA) Grants to States, Part B. This amount is $100 million (+1%) more
than the comparable FY2012 funding of $11.6 billion. The FY2013 President’s Budget proposed
to level fund this program. Both the FY2013 Senate committee bill and the FY2013 President’s
Budget would have provided funding of $463 million for IDEA Grants for Infants and Families.
This amount is $20 million (+5%) more than the comparable FY2012 funding of $443 million.
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have increased funding for the Promoting Readiness of
Minors in Supplemental Security Income (PROMISE) program to $12 million. This amount is
$10 million (+501%) more than the comparable FY2012 funding of $2 million. The FY2013
President’s Budget would have provided $30 million in funding for the PROMISE Program.61

59 ED budget materials can be found at http://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/budget13/index.html?src=ct. OMB
budget materials can be found online at http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget. For detailed information on the ED
funding levels recommended in the FY2013 Senate committee bill, as compared to FY2012 comparable and the
FY2013 request, see the committee report accompanying the bill (S.Rept. 112-176), which can be found online at
http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CRPT-112srpt176/pdf/CRPT-112srpt176.pdf. For more information on the FY2013
Senate committee bill see the U.S. Senate Committee on Appropriations, Press Release on the Labor-HHS bill reported
out by the full Committee, http://www.appropriations.senate.gov/news.cfm?method=news.view&id=3c7490eb-8227-
4152-84ea-2d65b683accf.
60 For information on proposed consolidations, and the Administration’s proposal for reauthorizing the ESEA, see CRS
Report R41355, Administration’s Proposal to Reauthorize the Elementary and Secondary Education Act: Comparison
to Current Law, by Rebecca R. Skinner et al.
61 The FY2013 President’s Budget states that “This new program would fund pilot demonstration programs in selected
States to improve coordination and increase the use of existing services for which children receiving Supplemental
Security Income (SSI) payments and their families are eligible, such as those available through the IDEA, Vocational
Rehabilitation, Medicaid’s care coordination services, Job Corps, and Workforce Investment Act programs.”
http://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/budget13/summary/13summary.pdf, p.36.
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The program provides competitive grants to states to fund programs to improve outcomes for
children who receive Supplemental Security Income and their families.
Impact Aid
The FY2013 President’s Budget would have eliminated Impact Aid Payments for Federal
Property (-$67 million from FY2012).62 According to the FY2013 President’s Budget, “these
payments are made to LEAs without regard to the presence of federally connected children and
do not necessarily provide for educational services for such children.”63 The FY2013 Senate
committee bill proposed to level fund this program.
Innovation and Improvement
The FY2013 President’s Budget would have increased funding for the Race to the Top program,
originally authorized by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA, P.L. 111-5) in
FY2009.64 It proposed to fund Race to the Top at $850 million. This amount is $301 million
(+55%) more than the comparable FY2012 funding of $549 million. The FY2013 Senate
committee bill would have provided a small increase of less than half a million (+0.06%) for
Race to the Top. The committee report (H.Rept. 112-176) accompanying the FY2013 Senate
committee bill indicated an expectation that a significant amount of FY2013 funding for Race to
the Top would be used for the Early Learning Challenge (RTT-ELC) program. It also stated that
the RTT-ELC program was to be administered jointly by ED and HHS.65
In addition, both the FY2013 Senate committee bill and the FY2013 President’s Budget would
have funded a new organization within ED—the Advanced Research Projects Agency—using
FY2013 appropriations provided to the Investing in Innovation Fund.66 According to the report on
the Senate committee bill, this program was expected to: identify and promote advances in
science and engineering that could be translated into learning technologies, evaluate new learning
technologies, and help to accelerate technological advances.67 The FY2013 Senate committee bill
would have set aside up to 30% ($44.8 million) from the Investing in Innovation Fund for this
new program; the FY2013 President’s Budget did not specify a funding level for the program.
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have increased funding for the Fund for the
Improvement of Education (FIE) to $86 million. This amount is $20 million (+30%) more than
the comparable FY2012 funding of $66 million. It would have dedicated $29 million of this
amount to fund competitive awards for school libraries and childhood literacy activities. Nineteen
million of the FIE funding would have been used for a new STEM initiative, and $26.5 million of
FIE funding would have been for the Arts in Education program. The FY2013 President’s Budget
would have cut funding for FIE to $36 million. This amount is $30 million (-45%) less than the
comparable FY2012 funding of $66 million.

62 ESEA Section 8002.
63 http://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/budget13/summary/13summary.pdf. See p. 30.
64 The FY2013 President’s Budget proposes authorizing the Race to the Top program under the ESEA.
65 http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CRPT-112srpt176/pdf/CRPT-112srpt176.pdf. See p. 170.
66 The Investing in Innovation Fund was originally authorized by ARRA. The FY2013 President’s Budget proposes
authorizing the program through the ESEA.
67http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CRPT-112srpt176/pdf/CRPT-112srpt176.pdf. See p. 171.
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Safe Schools and Citizenship Education
Both the FY2013 Senate committee bill and the FY2013 President’s Budget would have
increased funding for the Promise Neighborhood program. The FY2013 Senate committee bill
would have increased funding to $80 million. This amount is $20 million (+34%) more than the
comparable FY2012 funding of $60 million. The FY2013 President’s Budget requested $100
million, which is $40 million (+67%) more than the comparable FY2012 funding of $60 million.
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have provided $49 million for Safe and Drug Free
Schools and Communities Act—National Activities. This amount is $16 million (-25%) less than
the comparable FY2012 funding of $65 million. The FY2013 President’s Budget would have
consolidated the program with several others; as a consequence, it is not directly comparable to
either the FY2013 Senate committee bill or FY2012 funding.
Rehabilitation Services and Disability Research
The FY2013 President’s Budget would have zeroed out two Rehabilitation Services and
Disability Research programs, namely the Supported Employment State Grants program and the
Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers program. It proposed to transfer funding from these two
programs to Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants. In addition, it would have funded
Rehabilitation Services and Disability Research Training Programs at $30 million. This amount is
$5 million (-15%) less than the comparable FY2012 funding of $36 million. It proposed to
transfer this $5 million to Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants. The FY2013 Senate committee
bill would have level funded these programs.
Higher Education
The FY2013 Senate committee bill would have increased funding for the Fund for the
Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE) to $44 million. This amount is $40 million
(+1,145%) more than the comparable FY2012 funding of $4 million. The FY2013 President’s
Budget would have provided $70 million for FIPSE. This amount is $67 million (+1,903%) more
than the comparable FY2012 funding of $4 million. Of this amount, $55 million would have been
used for a new program, First in the World, intended to apply lessons learned from the Investing
in Innovation program toward achieving a goal of increasing the rate of college completion.
The FY2013 President’s Budget proposed $1 billion for a new RTT program focused on College
Affordability and Completion. The intent was for this program to provide grants to states for
systemic reform initiatives to increase affordability, quality, and productivity in higher education.
The FY2013 Senate committee bill did not provide funding for this program.
Related Agencies
Note that figures in this section are based on regular L-HHS-ED appropriations only; they do not
include funds provided outside the annual appropriations process (e.g., direct appropriations for
Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance benefit payments by the Social Security
Administration). All amounts in this section are rounded to the nearest million or billion (as
labeled). The dollar changes and percent changes in the text are based on unrounded amounts.
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FY2013 Related Agencies Appropriations Overview
The FY2013 L-HHS-ED bill reported by the Senate Committee on Appropriations from the 112th
Congress (S. 3295, S.Rept. 112-176) would have provided $69.56 billion in combined mandatory
and discretionary funding for related agencies funded through this bill. This amount is $3.29
billion (+5.0%) more than the comparable FY2012 funding level of $66.26 billion and $31.95
million (-0.1%) less than the FY2012 President’s Budget request of $69.59 billion, based on
estimates reported in S.Rept. 112-176. (See Table 7.) Of the total recommended for related
agencies in the FY2013 Senate committee bill, roughly $14.14 billion (20.3%) would have been
discretionary. This amount is $318 million (+2.3%) more than the estimated discretionary funding
level for FY2012 ($13.83 billion) and $32 million (-0.2%) less than the discretionary total
requested in the FY2013 President’s Budget.
Table 7. Related Agencies Appropriations Overview
(Dollars in billions)
FY2013 Senate
FY2012
FY2013
Committee
Funding
Comparable
Request
(S. 3295/112th)
Discretionary 13.8
14.2
14.1
Mandatory 52.4
55.4
55.4
Total BA Provided in the Bill
66.3 69.6 69.6
Source: Al amounts in this table are estimated based on the committee report (S.Rept. 112-176) accompanying
the Senate committee’s FY2013 L-HHS-ED appropriations bill (S. 3295 in the 112th Congress).
Notes: BA = Budget Authority. Details may not add due to rounding. Amounts in this table: (1) reflect all BA
appropriated in the bill, regardless of the year in which funds become available (i.e., totals do not include
advances from prior year appropriations, but do include advances for subsequent years provided in this bill); (2)
have generally not been adjusted to reflect scorekeeping; (3) comprise only those funds provided (or requested)
for agencies and accounts subject to the jurisdiction of the Labor, HHS, Education Subcommittee of the House
and Senate Committees on Appropriations; and (4) do not include direct appropriations that occur outside of
appropriations bills.
In general, the largest share of funding appropriated to related agencies in the L-HHS-ED bill
goes to the Social Security Administration (SSA).68 When taking into account both mandatory
and discretionary funding, the SSA accounted for 97% of the entire related agencies appropriation
in FY2012 ($64 billion). The bulk of mandatory SSA funding from the L-HHS-ED bill supports
the Supplemental Security Income program ($52.4 billion in FY2012). When looking exclusively
at discretionary funding, the SSA remains the largest component of the related agencies
appropriation, constituting roughly 83% of discretionary funds in FY2012 ($11.5 billion). The
majority of discretionary SSA funding covers administrative expenses for Social Security, SSI,
and Medicare.69
After the SSA, the next largest agency of the related agencies appropriation is the Corporation for
National and Community Service (CNCS), which constituted roughly 2% of all funding and 8%

68 For additional information on the SSA budget, see CRS Report R41716, Social Security Administration (SSA):
Budget Issues, by Scott Szymendera.
69 The SSA assists HHS in administering portions of the federal Medicare program. For more information on this, see
Social Security Administration, Justifications of Estimates for Appropriations Committees, Fiscal Year 2013, February
2012, http://www.ssa.gov/budget/2013FullJustification.pdf.
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of discretionary funding in FY2012 ($1.1 billion). Typically, each of the remaining related
agencies receives less than $1 billion from the annual L-HHS-ED appropriations bill.
Selected Related Agencies Highlights from FY2013
Appropriations Actions70
One highlight for the related agencies section of the FY2013 Senate committee bill from the 112th
Congress (S. 3295), as compared to comparable FY2012 funding levels and proposed funding
levels from the FY2013 President’s Budget, involves funding provided to the SSA for program
integrity activities. These activities consist of continuing disability reviews and redeterminations
of SSI eligibility. The Senate committee bill would have increased the appropriation for program
integrity activities from the FY2012 level of $756.05 million to $1.02 billion, with $273 million
coming from base funding and $751 million coming from the budget cap adjustment authorized
by the BCA.71
Also of note, the Senate committee bill would have provided the President’s requested funding
level of $1.06 billion for the CNCS, which is $13.76 million (+1.3%) more than FY2012 funding
level of $1.05 billion.

Author Contact Information

Karen E. Lynch, Coordinator
Pamela W. Smith
Specialist in Social Policy
Analyst in Biomedical Policy
klynch@crs.loc.gov, 7-6899
psmith@crs.loc.gov, 7-7048
David H. Bradley
Scott Szymendera
Specialist in Labor Economics
Analyst in Disability Policy
dbradley@crs.loc.gov, 7-7352
sszymendera@crs.loc.gov, 7-0014
Gail McCallion

Specialist in Social Policy
gmccallion@crs.loc.gov, 7-7758


Acknowledgments
Maggie McCarty, Specialist in Housing Policy, provided thoughtful review and comments.

70 For detailed information on the funding levels for the Related Agencies in the FY2013 Senate committee bill, as
compared to FY2012 comparable and the FY2013 request, see the committee report accompanying the bill (S.Rept.
112-176), which can be found online at http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CRPT-112srpt176/pdf/CRPT-112srpt176.pdf.
71 U.S. Congress, Senate Committee on Appropriations, Departments of Labor, Education, Health and Human
Services, and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill, 2013, report to accompany S. 3295, 112th Cong., 2nd sess., June 14,
2012, S.Rept. 112-76 (Washington: GPO, 2012), pp. 221-222. For additional information on the provision in the BCA
affecting SSA program integrity funding see CRS Report R41716, Social Security Administration (SSA): Budget Issues,
by Scott Szymendera, p. 13.
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Key Policy Staff
Area of Expertise
Name
Phone
E-mail
L-HHS-ED Coordinator
Karen E. Lynch
7-6899
klynch@crs.loc.gov
Department of Labor



Coordinator, DOL
David H. Bradley
7-7352
dbradley@crs.loc.gov
Job training and employment services
David H. Bradley
7-7352
dbradley@crs.loc.gov
Mine Safety and Health Administration
Scott Szymendera
7-0014
sszymendera@crs.loc.gov
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration
Scott Szymendera
7-0014
sszymendera@crs.loc.gov
Office of Workers’ Compensation
Programs
Scott Szymendera
7-0014
sszymendera@crs.loc.gov
Older Americans Act, employment
Angela Napili
7-0135
anapili@crs.loc.gov
programs
Kirsten J. Colello
7-7839
kcolello@crs.loc.gov
Pension and welfare benefits
John J. Topoleski
7-2290
jtopoleski@crs.loc.gov
Trade adjustment assistance
Benjamin Collins
7-7382
bcollins@crs.loc.gov
Unemployment compensation
Julie M. Whittaker
7-2587
jwhittaker@crs.loc.gov
Katelin P. Isaacs
7-7355
kisaacs@crs.loc.gov
Veterans employment
Benjamin Collins
7-7382
bcollins@crs.loc.gov
Christine Scott
7-7366
cscott@crs.loc.gov
Wage and hour standards
Gerald Mayer
7-7815
gmayer@crs.loc.gov
David H. Bradley
7-7352
dbradley@crs.loc.gov
David H. Bradley
7-7352
dbradley@crs.loc.gov
Workforce Investment Act (WIA)
Adrienne L. Fernandes-
7-9005
afernandes@crs.loc.gov
Alcantara
Health and Human Services



Coordinator, Overall HHS
Karen E. Lynch
7-6899
klynch@crs.loc.gov
Co-coordinators, Public Health
Amalia Corby-Edwards
7-0423
acorbyedwards@crs.loc.gov
Service Agencies
Pamela W. Smith
7-7048
psmith@crs.loc.gov
Abortion, legal issues
Jon O. Shimabukuro
7-7990
jshimabukuro@crs.loc.gov
Abortion procedures
Judith A. Johnson
7-7077
jajohnson@crs.loc.gov
Agency for Healthcare Research and
Quality (AHRQ)
Amanda K. Sarata
7-7641
asarata@crs.loc.gov
AIDS, Ryan White programs
Judith A. Johnson
7-7077
jajohnson@crs.loc.gov
Bioterrorism, HHS funding
Sarah A. Lister
7-7320
slister@crs.loc.gov
Cancer research
Judith A. Johnson
7-7077
jajohnson@crs.loc.gov
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC)
Sarah A. Lister
7-7320
slister@crs.loc.gov
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid
Cliff Binder
7-7965
cbinder@crs.loc.gov
Services (CMS)
Barbara English
7-1927
benglish@crs.loc.gov
Chafee Foster Care Independence
Program/ Education and Training
Adrienne L. Fernandes-
7-9005 afernandes@crs.loc.gov
Voucher Program
Alcantara
Child abuse and neglect, child welfare
Emilie Stoltzfus
7-2324
estoltzfus@crs.loc.gov
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Area of Expertise
Name
Phone
E-mail
Child care and development
Karen E. Lynch
7-6899
klynch@crs.loc.gov
Children’s Health Insurance Program
(CHIP; funded in authorizing laws, not
Evelyne P. Baumrucker
7-8913
ebaumrucker@crs.loc.gov
through L-HHS-ED)
Community Services Block Grant
Karen Spar
7-7319
kspar@crs.loc.gov
Developmental Disabilities Act
Umar Moulta-Ali
7-9557
umoultaali@crs.loc.gov
Elder abuse and neglect, elder justice
Kirsten J. Colel o
7-7839
kcolello@crs.loc.gov
Family Planning, Title X
Angela Napili
7-0135
anapili@crs.loc.gov
Barbara English
7-1927
benglish@crs.loc.gov
Federal health centers
Elayne J. Heisler
7-4453
eheisler@crs.loc.gov
Food and Drug Administration (FDA;
funded through Agriculture
appropriations act, not through L-
Susan Thaul
7-0562
sthaul@crs.loc.gov
HHS-ED)
Foster care and adoption
Emilie Stoltzfus
7-2324
estoltzfus@crs.loc.gov
Global health; international AIDS, TB,
and malaria
Tiaji Salaam-Blyther
7-7677
tsalaam@crs.loc.gov
Head Start
Karen E. Lynch
7-6899
klynch@crs.loc.gov
Health professions/health workforce
Bernice Reyes-Akinbileje
7-2260
breyes@crs.loc.gov
programs
Elayne J. Heisler
7-4453
eheisler@crs.loc.gov
Health Resources and Services
7-0423 acorbyedwards@crs.loc.gov
Administration (HRSA)
Amalia K. Corby-Edwards
Immunization
Sarah A. Lister
7-7320
slister@crs.loc.gov
Indian Health Service (IHS; funded
through Interior-Environment
appropriations, not through L-HHS-
Elayne J. Heisler
7-4453
eheisler@crs.loc.gov
ED)
Low Income Home Energy Assistance
Libby Perl
7-7806
eperl@crs.loc.gov
Program (LIHEAP)
Maternal and child health, general
Amalia K. Corby-Edwards
7-0423
acorbyedwards@crs.loc.gov
Maternal and Child Health Block Grant Amalia K. Corby-Edwards
7-0423
acorbyedwards@crs.loc.gov
Medicaid
Elicia J. Herz
7-1377
eherz@crs.loc.gov
Alison Mitchell
7-0152
amitchell@crs.loc.gov
Mentoring programs for vulnerable
Adrienne L. Fernandes-
7-9005 afernandes@crs.loc.gov
youth
Alcantara
Needle exchange, AIDS
Erin Bagalman
7-5345
ebagalman@crs.loc.gov
NIH, health research policy
Pamela W. Smith
7-7048
psmith@crs.loc.gov
Older Americans Act
Angela Napili
7-0135
anapili@crs.loc.gov
Kirsten J. Colello
7-7839
kcolello@crs.loc.gov
Pandemic/seasonal influenza
Sarah A. Lister
7-7320
slister@crs.loc.gov
Public Health Service
Pamela W. Smith
7-7048
psmith@crs.loc.gov
Prevention and Public Health Fund
(funded by Affordable Care Act, not
Sarah A. Lister
7-7320
slister@crs.loc.gov
through L-HHS-ED)
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Area of Expertise
Name
Phone
E-mail
Randolph-Sheppard Act
Umar Moulta-Ali
7-9557
umoultaali@crs.loc.gov
Refugee Resettlement Assistance
Andorra Bruno
7-7865
abruno@crs.loc.gov
Runaway and Homeless Youth Act
Adrienne L. Fernandes-
7-9005 afernandes@crs.loc.gov
Alcantara
Social Services Block Grant
Karen E. Lynch
7-6899
klynch@crs.loc.gov
Stem cell research, cloning
Judith A. Johnson
7-7077
jajohnson@crs.loc.gov
Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Erin Bagalman
7-5345
ebagalman@crs.loc.gov
Services Administration (SAMHSA)
C. Stephen Redhead
7-2261
credhead@crs.loc.gov
Temporary Assistance for Needy
Families
(TANF; funded in authorizing laws, not
Gene Falk
7-7344
gfalk@crs.loc.gov
through L-HHS-ED)
Department of Education



Coordinator, ED
Gail McCallion
7-7758
gmccallion@crs.loc.gov
Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) and
accountability
Rebecca R. Skinner
7-6600
rskinner@crs.loc.gov
Adult education and literacy
Benjamin Collins
7-7382
bcollins@crs.loc.gov
After-school programs
Gail McCallion
7-7758
gmccallion@crs.loc.gov
Assessment in education
Rebecca R. Skinner
7-6600
rskinner@crs.loc.gov
Career (vocational) and technical
education
Cassandria Dortch
7-0376
cdortch@crs.loc.gov
Charter schools/school choice
Rebecca R. Skinner
7-6600
rskinner@crs.loc.gov
Col ege costs and prices
Shannon Mahan
7-7759
smahan@crs.loc.gov
Education block grants
Rebecca R. Skinner
7-6600
rskinner@crs.loc.gov
Elementary and secondary education
Rebecca R. Skinner
7-6600
rskinner@crs.loc.gov
Cassandria Dortch
7-0376
cdortch@crs.loc.gov
English language acquisition
Rebecca R. Skinner
7-6600
rskinner@crs.loc.gov
Higher education
David P. Smole
7-0624
dsmole@crs.loc.gov
Cassandria Dortch
7-0376
cdortch@crs.loc.gov
Impact Aid
Rebecca R. Skinner
7-6600
rskinner@crs.loc.gov
Ann Lordeman
7-2323
alordeman@crs.loc.gov
Indian education
Cassandria Dortch
7-0376
cdortch@crs.loc.gov
International Education Programs
Jeffrey J. Kuenzi
7-8645
jkuenzi@crs.loc.gov
Legal issues related to education in
Jody Feder
7-8088
jfeder@crs.loc.gov
general
Pel Grants
Shannon Mahan
7-7759
smahan@crs.loc.gov
Reading programs
Gail McCallion
7-7758
gmccallion@crs.loc.gov
Rehabilitation Act
Benjamin Collins
7-7382
bcollins@crs.loc.gov
Safe & Drug-Free Schools &
Gail McCallion
7-7758
gmccallion@crs.loc.gov
Communities
Science, Technology, Engineering, and
Jeffrey J. Kuenzi
7-8645
jkuenzi@crs.loc.gov
Mathematics (STEM) Education
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Area of Expertise
Name
Phone
E-mail
Special education, IDEA
Ann Lordeman
7-2323
alordeman@crs.loc.gov
Special education, IDEA, legal issues
Cynthia Brougher
7-9121
cbrougher@crs.loc.gov
Student financial assistance/need
David P. Smole
7-0624
dsmole@crs.loc.gov
analysis
Shannon Mahan
7-7759
smahan@crs.loc.gov
Student loans
David P. Smole
7-0624
dsmole@crs.loc.gov
Teacher recruitment, preparation, &
training
Jeffrey J. Kuenzi
7-8645
jkuenzi@crs.loc.gov
Title I, Education for the
Disadvantaged
Rebecca R. Skinner
7-6600
rskinner@crs.loc.gov
Vocational rehabilitation
Benjamin Collins
7-7382
bcollins@crs.loc.gov
Related Agencies



Coordinator, Related Agencies
Scott Szymendera
7-0014
sszymendera@crs.loc.gov
Corporation for National &
Community Service (VISTA, Senior
Ann Lordeman
7-2323
alordeman@crs.loc.gov
Corps, AmeriCorps)
Abigail B. Rudman
7-9519
arudman@crs.loc.gov
Corporation for Public Broadcasting
Glenn J. McLoughlin
7-7073
gmcloughlin@crs.loc.gov
Institute of Museum and Library
Services
Gail McCallion
7-7758
gmccallion@crs.loc.gov
National Labor Relations Board
Gerald Mayer
7-7815
gmayer@crs.loc.gov
National Labor Relations Board, legal
issues
Jon O. Shimabukuro
7-7990
jshimabukuro@crs.loc.gov
National Mediation Board
Gerald Mayer
7-7815
gmayer@crs.loc.gov
Railroad Retirement Board
Scott Szymendera
7-0014
sszymendera@crs.loc.gov
Social Security Administration (SSA),
administrative expenses
Scott Szymendera
7-0014
sszymendera@crs.loc.gov
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
Scott Szymendera
7-0014
sszymendera@crs.loc.gov


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