Order Code RL33831
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Legislation in the 110th Congress
January 25, 2007
Fred Sissine
Specialist in Energy Policy
Resources, Science, and Industry Division

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Legislation
in the 110th Congress
Summary
This report reviews the status of energy efficiency and renewable energy
legislation introduced during the 110th Congress. Action has focused on the CLEAN
Energy Act (H.R. 6), which passed the House on January 18. The bill proposes to
use revenue from certain oil and natural gas policy revisions to create a Strategic
Energy Efficiency and Renewables Reserve aimed at reducing foreign oil dependence
and serving other purposes. The actual uses of the Reserve would be determined by
ensuing legislation that would attempt to draw down its financial resources.
The 109th Congress did not complete action on appropriations for FY2007.
Federal agencies are currently operating on funding provided by continuing
resolution (P.L. 109-383, H.J.Res. 102), which will expire on February 15, 2007. To
avoid a shutdown of activities after that date, the 110th Congress would have to pass
legislation that would fund these programs through the end of the fiscal year. This
legislation could take the form of another continuing resolution or an omnibus
appropriations bill.
More than 40 bills on energy efficiency and renewable energy have been
introduced so far. About half of these bills are focused on renewable fuels and about
one-third would provide a tax incentive for investment, energy production, fuel use,
or fuel reduction.
For each bill listed in this report, a brief description and a summary of action are
given, including references to committee hearings and reports. Also, a selected list
of CRS documents on energy efficiency and renewable energy legislation in the 109th
Congress is included. This report will be updated periodically.

Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Report Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
CLEAN Energy Act (H.R. 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
FY2007 Appropriations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
House Bills (with Senate Companions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Senate Bills (with House Companions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Congressional Hearings, Reports, and Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
CRS Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
List of Tables
Table 1. Action on Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Legislation,
110th Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Table 2. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Bills by Topic,
110th Congress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Legislation in the 110th Congress
Introduction
Report Contents
This report summarizes action on more than 40 energy efficiency and renewable
energy bills introduced during the 110th Congress.1 These bills cover a wide range
of policy and issue areas that include appropriations, authorizations, budget, research
and development (R&D), grants, loans, financing, regulation (including a renewable
fuel standard), tax incentives, goals, plans, impacts, and the environment/climate
change. Most of these bills have focused on grants and tax incentives. The bills also
cover a range of sectors that include buildings, defense, education, federal
lands/energy management, farms, American Indians, and international activities.
Thus far, the sector of international activities has generated the greatest number of
bills. Table 2 groups the bills by topic.
The bills can also be categorized by type of renewable resource, type of energy
efficiency measure, and technology. They cover a broad range of energy efficiency
measures and technologies, including distributed generation, net metering, equipment
and appliance standards, fuel economy standards, and transportation efficiency. Most
of these bills address transportation and fuel economy. These bills also cover a broad
range of renewable energy resources and technologies, including alcohol fuels,
biofuels, biodiesel, biopower, biomass, geothermal, hydrogen, hydropower, solar, and
wind. So far, the fuels area has generated the greatest number of bills.
For each bill listed in this report, a brief description and a summary of action are
given, including references to committee hearings and reports.
CLEAN Energy Act (H.R. 6)
On January 18, 2007, the House passed H.R. 6 by a vote of 264-163. The bill
proposes to use revenue from certain oil and natural gas policy revisions to create an
Energy Efficiency and Renewables Reserve aimed at reducing foreign oil dependence
1 This report is intended to complement and support CRS Report RL33599, Energy
Efficiency Policy: Budget, Electricity Conservation, and Fuel Conservation Issues
, and CRS
Report RL33588, Renewable Energy Policy: Tax Credit, Budget, and Regulatory Issues,
both by Fred Sissine.

CRS-2
and serving other purposes.2 The actual uses of the Reserve would be determined by
ensuing legislation that would attempt to draw down its financial resources.
In House floor debate on H.R. 6, opponents argued that the reduction in oil and
natural gas incentives would dampen production, cause job losses, and lead to higher
prices for gasoline and other fuels. Opponents also complained that the proposal for
the Reserve does not identify specific policies and programs that would receive
funding. Proponents of the bill counter-argued that record profits show that the oil
and natural gas incentives were not needed. They also contended that the Reserve
could be used to support a variety of R&D, deployment, and tax incentives for
renewable fuels, and that the specifics would evolve as legislative proposals come
forth for using resources from the Reserve.3
FY2007 Appropriations
The Department of Energy (DOE), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
and Department of Agriculture (USDA) receive annual appropriations for energy
efficiency and renewable energy programs.4 The appropriations process for FY2007
was not completed during the 109th Congress, which provided funding only by
continuing resolution (P.L. 109-383, H.J.Res. 102) through February 15, 2007. In
order to avoid a shutdown of activities after that date, the 110th Congress would have
to pass legislation that would fund these programs through the end of the fiscal year.
This legislation could take the form of either another continuing resolution or an
omnibus appropriations bill.
Table 1. Action on Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy Legislation, 110th Congress
Bill
Category
Action
Date
H.R. 6
CLEAN Energy Act
Passed House
1/18/2007
H.J.Res. 102 (109th Cong.) Continuing Appropriations
P.L. 109-383
12/9/2006
2 For more details about the Reserve, see CRS Report RS22571, The Strategic Energy
Efficiency and Renewables Reserve in the CLEAN Energy Act of 2007 (H.R. 6)
, by Fred
Sissine.
3 Congressional Record, Jan. 18, 2007, p. H688 through H729.
4 Several other agencies receive less regular appropriations for energy efficiency or
renewable energy projects and activities. These agencies have included Department of
State, Department of Defense (DOD), Department of Housing and Urban Development
(HUD), Department of Transportation, and Architect of the Capitol.

CRS-3
Table 2. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Bills
by Topic, 110th Congress
I. Policy and Issue Areas
Appropriations. H.R. 6
Authorizations. H.R. 121
Budget. H.Res. 6, H.R. 6
Research and Development. H.R. 80, H.R. 364, H.R. 395, H.R. 547, S. 167
Grants. H.R. 84, H.R. 85, H.R. 182, H.R. 395, H.R. 570/S. 331, S. 167
Loans/Financing. H.R. 80
Renewable Fuel Standard. H.R. 349, H.R. 635, H.R. 517, S. 23
Tax Incentive for Investment. H.R. 76, H.R. 86, H.R. 550, S. 23, S. 339
Tax Incentive for Energy Production. H.R. 197, H.R. 517, H.R. 683
Tax Incentive for Fuel Use. H.R. 395, S. 23, S. 162
Tax Incentive for Fuel Reduction. H.R. 139
Goals/Plans/Impact Information. H.R. 121, H.R. 157, S. 129, S. 339
Environment/Climate Change. H.R. 620, S.Res. 30, S. 6, S. 280
II. Sectors
Buildings. H.R. 84, H.R. 121
Defense/Security. H.R. 559, S. 6, S. 23, S. 133/H.R. 670
Federal Lands/Energy Management. H.R. 277, S. 146
Farms/American Indians. H.R. 80, H.Con.Res. 25/ S.Con.Res. 3
International/Trade. H.Res. 12, H.R. 196, S.Res. 30, S. 193
III. Energy Efficiency Measures and Technologies
Distributed Generation/Net Metering/Electric Power. H.R. 550
Equipment/Lighting/Appliances. S. 129
Fuel Economy. H.R. 570/S. 331, H.R. 656, S. 183, S. 339
Transportation. H.R. 139, H.R. 157, H.R. 498, S. 146
IV. Renewable Energy Resources and Technologies
Alcohol Fuels/Biofuels/Biodiesel. S.Con.Res. 3, H.R. 76, H.R. 86, H.R. 182, H.R. 196, H.R.
277, H.R. 349, H.R. 395, H.R. 517, H.R. 547, H.R. 559, H.R. 570/S. 331, H.R. 635, H.R. 682, S.
23, S. 133/H.R. 670, S. 162, S. 167, S. 339
Biopower/Biomass. H.R. 197, H.R. 517, H.R. 683
Geothermal. H.R. 197
Hydrogen. H.R. 498
Hydropower. H.R. 197, H.R. 632
Solar. H.R. 197
Wind. H.R. 197, H.R. 517

CRS-4
Legislation
House Bills (with Senate Companions)
H.Con.Res. 25 (Peterson)/S.Con.Res. 3 (Salazar)
The sense of the Congress would be expressed that it is the goal of the United
States that, not later than January 1, 2025, the agricultural, forestry, and working land
of the United States should provide from renewable resources not less than 25% of
the total energy consumed in the United States and continue to produce safe,
abundant, and affordable food, feed, and fiber. House bill introduced January 10,
2007; referred to Committees on Agriculture, Energy and Commerce, and Natural
Resources. Senate bill introduced January 17, 2006; referred to Committee on
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.
H.Res. 12 (Bartlett)
The sense of the House of Representatives would be expressed that the United
States (1) must move rapidly to increase the productivity with which it uses fossil
fuel, and to accelerate the transition to renewable fuels and a sustainable, clean
energy economy; and (2) should establish, in collaboration with other international
allies, an energy project with the magnitude, creativity, and sense of urgency of the
“Man on the Moon” project to develop a comprehensive plan to address the
challenges presented by Peak Oil (the peak in the world’s oil production believed by
some petroleum experts likely to occur in the next decade). Introduced January 4,
2006; referred to Committee on Energy and Commerce.
H.R. 6 (Rahall)
CLEAN Energy Act of 2007. Certain tax and royalty policies for oil and natural
gas would be revised, and the resulting revenue would be used to support a reserve
for new energy efficiency and renewable energy initiatives. The bill is one part of the
“100 hours” initiatives put forward by the Democratic Leadership of the House.
Introduced January 12, 2007; referred to Committees on Ways and Means, Natural
Resources, Budget, and Rules. Brought to the House Floor and passed House (264-
163) January 18.
H.R. 76 (Bartlett)
For the alternative motor vehicle tax credit available to consumers, the number
of eligible vehicles sold for use in the United States that would trigger the credit
phase-out period would increase from 60,000 to 250,000. Introduced January 4,
2007; referred to Committee on Ways and Means.
H.R. 80 (Bartlett)
R&D, demonstration, and commercial application activities would be required
to enable the development of farms that are net producers of both food and energy.
DOE would be directed to enter into an arrangement with the National Academy of
Sciences to (1) develop recommendations for evaluation measures and criteria for
programs under this Act; and (2) evaluate the feasibility of prize and best practices
award programs as tools to promote self-powered farms. Further, it would direct
DOE to (1) establish an award program for up to 30 state agricultural research
programs for self-powered farm demonstrations; (2) provide low-cost revolving loans

CRS-5
and loan guarantees to eligible entities for the commercial application of energy or
other technologies that will contribute to establishing self-powered farms, with
highest preference given to applicants who propose to meet their energy needs from
biobased feedstocks or other renewable energy sources produced on that farm; and
(3) enter into an arrangement with the National Academy of Sciences for a review of
the programs under this Act. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to Committees on
Science and Technology and on Agriculture.
H.R. 84 (Biggert)
Energy Efficient Buildings Act of 2007. Directs DOE to (1) establish a pilot
program to award grants to businesses and organizations for new construction or
major renovations of energy efficient buildings that will result in innovative energy
efficiency technologies, especially those sponsored by DOE; and (2) give due
consideration to proposals for buildings that are likely to serve low and moderate
income populations. Defines “energy efficient building” as one that, after
construction or renovation, (1) uses heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems
that perform at no less than Energy Star standards; or (2) if Energy Star standards are
not applicable, uses Federal Energy Management Program recommended heating,
ventilating, and air conditioning products. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to
Committee on Science and Technology.
H.R. 85 (Biggert)
Energy Technology Transfer Act. Directs DOE to award grants for a five-year
period to nonprofit institutions, state and local governments, cooperative extension
services, or universities (or consortia thereof) to establish a geographically dispersed
network of Advanced Energy Technology Transfer Centers, located in areas DOE
determines have the greatest need of their services. Requires DOE to give priority
to applicants already operating or partnered with an outreach program capable of
transferring such knowledge and information about advanced energy efficiency
methods and technologies. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to Committee on
Science and Technology.
H.R. 86 (Biggert)
Oil and Gas-to-Alternatives Swap (OGAS) Act of 2007. Certain fossil energy
tax incentives would be repealed and the limitation on the number of new qualified
hybrid and advanced lean-burn technology vehicles eligible for the tax credit for
alternative motor vehicles would be repealed. Also, the bill would extend through
2012 the alternative motor vehicles tax credit for (1) advanced lean burn technology
motor vehicles; (2) qualified hybrid motor vehicles; and (3) qualified alternative fuel
vehicles. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to Committee on Ways and Means.
H.R. 121 (Doyle)
High-Performance Green Buildings Act of 2007. Title I would establish a
federal office of green buildings in the General Services Administration (GSA) to
coordinate efforts in federal agencies. This activities of this office would include
outreach to federal agencies, review related R&D findings, and develop guidance for
life-cycle costing and contracting. Section 107 would authorize $4 million for Title
I activities. Title II would identify incentives and procurement practices to promote
federal use of green building activities. Section 203 directs GAO to audit the
performance of this Act’s provisions and report to Congress. Title III directs GSA

CRS-6
to conduct an annual demonstration project from 2009 through 2014 and authorizes
a total of $10 million for those projects, and it calls for annual demonstration projects
at universities with an additional $10 million authorization. Introduced January 4,
2007; referred to Committee on Energy and Commerce.
H.R. 139 (Granger)
Idling Reduction Tax Credit Act of 2007. A business tax credit of 25% of the
cost of a qualifying idling reduction device, up to $1,000, would be created. Defines
“qualifying idling reduction device” as any device that is (1) installed on a
heavy-duty diesel-powered on-highway vehicle to provide services that would
otherwise require the operation of the main drive engine while the vehicle is
temporarily parked or stationary; and (2) certified by DOE to reduce long-duration
idling. Directs DOE to publish standards for certifying such devices. Introduced
January 4, 2007; referred to Committee on Ways and Means.
H.R. 157 (Holt)
Fuel Savings, Smarter Travel, and Efficient Roadways Act. Directs DOE to
study and report to Congress on the potential fuel savings from intelligent
transportation systems that help businesses and consumers plan travel and avoid
delays. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to Committee on Energy and
Commerce.
H.R. 182 (Lofgren)
To Encourage Alternatively-fueled vehicle Manufacturing up for Energy
Independence Act of 2007; also referred to as the “TEAM up for Energy
Independence Act.” An excise tax on non-alternative-fueled vehicles and gas-guzzler
vehicles would be established. The revenue would be used to establish a trust fund
at the Department of the Treasury. DOE would be directed to use the trust fund to
make grants to fueling stations owned by entities which own or control 10 or fewer
such businesses for alternative fuel refueling infrastructure projects, including new
dispensing facilities and additional equipment or upgrades and improvements to
existing refueling sites for alternative fuel vehicles. Introduced January 4, 2007;
referred to Committees on Ways and Means and Energy and Commerce.
H.R. 196 (Pomeroy)
Renewable Fuels and Energy Independence Promotion Act of 2007. Section 2
would make permanent certain tax incentives for biodiesel and alcohol fuels. Section
3 would modify the ethanol import duty. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to
Committee on Ways and Means.
H.R. 197 (Pomeroy)
Extends the renewable energy production tax credit (PTC) for five years, from
the end of 2008 through the end of 2013. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to
Committee on Ways and Means.
H.R. 277 (Cleaver)
Congress Leads by Example through Alt-fuel Resources (CLEAR) Act. Would
prohibit Members of the House from using any portion of their representational
allowance to provide any individual with a vehicle, including providing an individual

CRS-7
with a vehicle under a long-term lease, which is not an alternative fuel vehicle.
Introduced January 5, 2007; referred to Committee on House Administration.
H.R. 349 (Kline)
10 by 10 Act. Would require that motor fuels have a minimum renewable fuels
content of 10% by the beginning of 2010. Introduced January 9, 2007; referred to
Committee on Energy and Commerce.
H.R. 364 (Gordon)
An Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) would be
established at DOE. Its goal would be to reduce the energy imports from foreign
sources by 20% over the next 10 years. Introduced January 10, 2007; referred to
Committee on Science and Technology.
H.R. 395 (Salazar)
Cellulosic Ethanol Development and Implementation Act of 2007. DOE would
be required to provide grants to eligible entities to carry out R&D and demonstration
projects on cellulosic ethanol and construct infrastructure that enables retail gas
stations to dispense cellulosic ethanol for vehicle fuel to reduce the consumption of
petroleum fuels. Introduced January 10, 2007; referred to Committees on Energy and
Commerce and Science and Technology.
H.R. 498 (Wynn)
Energy Policy Reinvestment Act of 2007. Section 2 would repeal certain oil and
natural gas tax subsidies and Section 3 would direct that the resulting revenue be
used to support certain DOE hydrogen and fuel cell technology programs. Introduced
January 16, 2007; referred to Committees on Ways and Means, Science and
Technology, Oversight and Government Reform, and Energy and Commerce.
H.R. 517 (J. Davis)
Independence from Oil with Agriculture Act of 2007. Section 2 would extend
certain tax credits for alcohol and biodiesel fuels and fuel mixtures. Section 3 would
make permanent the renewable energy electricity production tax credit (PTC) for
wind, open-loop biomass, and closed-loop biomass. Section 4 would make
permanent the tax credit for clean fuel vehicle refueling property. Section 5 would
increase the renewable fuel standard (RFS) set by EPACT from 7.5 billion gallons
to 12.0 billion gallons in 2012. Introduced January 17, 2007; referred to Committees
on Ways and Means and on Energy and Commerce.
H.R. 547 (Gordon)
Advanced Fuels Infrastructure Research and Development Act. Section 3 would
direct DOE, in consultation with the National Institute of Standards and Technology,
to conduct a program of research, development, demonstration, and commercial
application of materials to be added to alternative biobased fuels to make
them more compatible with existing infrastructure used to store and deliver
petroleum-based fuels to the point of final sale. Introduced January 18, 2007;
referred to Committee on Science and Technology.

CRS-8
H.R. 550 (McNulty)
Securing America’s Energy Independence Act of 2007. The investment tax
credit for solar energy property and qualified fuel cell property would be extended
for nine years, from the end of 2008 to the end of 2017. Introduced January 18,
2007; referred to Committee on Ways and Means.
H.R. 559 (Delahunt)/S. 23 (Harkin)
Biofuels Security Act of 2007. Section 101 would modify the EPACT (§ 1501)
requirement that renewable fuel content reach 7.5 billion gallons in 2012,
accelerating the requirement to 10 billion gallons by 2010 and then rising to 30
billion gallons by 2020 and 60 billion gallons by 2030. Other provisions would
require E85 pumps at branded gasoline stations (§102), increased use of alternative
fuels in the federal fleet (§103), increased manufacturers percentage of dual-fueled
vehicles (§201), and increased manufacturers incentives for dual-fueled vehicles
(§202). House bill introduced January 18, 2007; referred to Committees on Energy
and Commerce, Oversight and Government Reform, and Judiciary. Senate bill
introduced January 4, 2007; referred to Committee on Commerce, Science, and
Transportation.
H.R. 570 (Rogers)/S. 331 (Thune)
Moneys collected from violations of the corporate average fuel economy
(CAFÉ) program would be placed in an Energy Security Fund to provide grants that
support infrastructure needed to increase the availability of alternative fuels. House
bill introduced January 18, 2007; referred to Committee on Energy and Commerce.
Senate bill introduced January 18; referred to Committee on Energy and Natural
Resources.
H.R. 620 (Olver)
A national market-driven system of tradeable allowances would be established
to curb greenhouse gas emissions, reduce foreign oil dependence, and ensure benefits
to consumers. Introduced January 22, 2007; referred to Committees on Energy and
Commerce, Science and Technology, and Natural Resources.
H.R. 632 (Lipinski)/S. 365 (Graham)
H-Prize Act of 2007. DOE would be authorized to establish monetary prizes
for achievements in overcoming scientific and technical barriers associated with
hydrogen energy. House bill introduced January 23, 2007; referred to Committee on
Science and Technology. Senate bill introduced January 23, 2007; referred to
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.
H.R. 635 (Upton)
After the year 2012, all gasoline sold to consumers in the United States for
motor vehicles would be required to contain at least 10% renewable fuel. Introduced
January 23, 2007; referred to Committee on Energy and Commerce.
H.R. 656 (Reichert)
Higher standards of automobile fuel efficiency would be required, with the goal
of reducing the amount of oil used for automobile fuel by 10% starting in 2017.
Introduced January 24, 2007; referred to Committee on Energy and Commerce.

CRS-9
H.R. 670 (Engel)/S. 133 (Obama)
American Fuels Act of 2007. The use of alternative fuels and new technology
would be promoted to reduce oil dependence and improve national security and
economic stability. House bill introduced January 24, 2007; referred to Committees
on Energy and Commerce, Science and Technology, Ways and Means,
Transportation and Infrastructure, and Oversight and Government Reform. Senate
bill introduced January 4, 2007; referred to Committee on Finance.
H.R. 682 (Kaptur)
The Strategic Petroleum Reserve would be expanded to include alternative
fuels. Introduced January 24, 2007; referred to Committee on Energy and
Commerce.
H.R. 683 (R. Lewis)
Biomass tax incentives would be promoted as a way to support energy
independence. Introduced January 24, 2007; referred to Committee on Ways and
Means.
Senate Bills (with House Companions)
S.Con.Res. 3 (Salazar)/H.Con.Res. 25 (Peterson)
The sense of the Congress would be expressed that it is the goal of the United
States that, not later than January 1, 2025, the agricultural, forestry, and working land
of the United States should provide from renewable resources not less than 25% of
the total energy consumed in the United States and continue to produce safe,
abundant, and affordable food, feed, and fiber. Senate bill introduced January 17,
2006; referred to Committee on Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.
House bill introduced January 10, 2007; referred to Committees on Agriculture,
Energy and Commerce, and Natural Resources.
S.Res. 30 (Biden)
The sense of the Senate would be expressed that the United States should return
to international negotiations on climate change and take a leadership role in those
negotiations. The resolution would recognize that there are security and economic
benefits from reducing greenhouse gas emissions and from markets for new, climate-
friendly technologies. Introduced January 16, 2006; referred to Committee on
Foreign Relations.
S. 6 (Reid)
National Energy and Environmental Security Act of 2007. Expresses the sense
of Congress that Congress should enact, and the President should sign, legislation to
enhance the security of the United States by reducing the dependence of the United
States on foreign and unsustainable energy sources and the risks of global warming
by requiring greenhouse gas reductions and supporting environmentally friendly
technologies. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to Committee on Finance.
S. 23 (Harkin)/H.R. 559 (Delahunt)
Biofuels Security Act of 2007. Section 101 would modify the EPACT (§1501)
requirement that renewable fuel content reach 7.5 billion gallons in 2012,
accelerating the requirement to 10 billion gallons by 2010 and then rising to 30

CRS-10
billion gallons by 2020 and 60 billion gallons by 2030. Other provisions would
require E85 pumps at branded gasoline stations (§102), increased use of alternative
fuels in the federal fleet (§103), increased manufacturers percentage of dual-fueled
vehicles (§201), and increased manufacturers incentives for dual-fueled vehicles
(§202). Senate bill introduced January 4, 2007; referred to Committee on
Commerce, Science, and Transportation. House bill introduced January 18, 2007;
referred to Committees on Energy and Commerce, Oversight and Government
Reform, and Judiciary.
S. 129 (Allard)
Energy-Efficient Computer Servers Study. Section 1 would direct EPA to study
and report to Congress on the growth in energy use by computer servers. Section 2
would express the sense of the Senate that it is in the best interest of the United States
for purchasers of computer servers to give high priority to energy efficiency as a
factor in determining best value and performance. Introduced January 4, 2007;
referred to Committee on Energy and Natural Resources.
S. 133 (Obama)/H.R. 670 (Engel)
American Fuels Act of 2007. The use of alternative fuels and new technology
would be promoted to reduce oil dependence and improve national security and
economic stability. Senate bill introduced January 4, 2007; referred to Committee
on Finance. House bill introduced January 24, 2007; referred to Committees on
Energy and Commerce, Science and Technology, Ways and Means, Transportation
and Infrastructure, and Oversight and Government Reform.
S. 146 (Boxer)
Government Fleet Fuel Economy Act of 2007. The federal government would
be required to purchase and lease fuel efficient automobiles. Introduced January 4,
2007; referred to Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.
S. 162 (Lugar)
National Fuels Initiative. Section 102 would modify and extend the alcohol fuel
and alternative fuel tax credits. Section 103 would require major oil companies to
phase-in the installation of E85 fuel pumps at gasoline stations, reaching 100% by
2017. Section 104 would require manufacturers to increase the share of dual fueled
automobiles to 100% by 2017. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to Committee
on Finance.
S. 167 (Boxer)
Cellulosic Ethanol Development and Implementation Act of 2007. DOE would
be required to provide grants to eligible entities to carry out research, development,
and demonstration projects on cellulosic ethanol and construct infrastructure that
enables retail gas stations to dispense cellulosic ethanol for vehicle fuel to reduce the
consumption of petroleum-based fuel. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to
Committee on Environment and Public Works.
S. 183 (Stevens)
Improved Passenger Automobile Fuel Economy Act of 2007. The corporate
average fuel economy (CAFÉ) standard for passenger automobiles would be

CRS-11
increased to 40 miles per gallon by 2017. Introduced January 4, 2007; referred to
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.
S. 193 (Lugar)
Cooperation on energy issues between the U.S. government and foreign
governments and other entities would be increased, as a way to help secure the
strategic and economic interests of the United States. Introduced January 4, 2007;
referred to Committee on Foreign Relations.
S. 280 (Lieberman)
A program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions would be established through
a market-driven system of tradeable allowances and support for the deployment of
new climate change-related technologies. Introduced January 12, 2007; referred to
Committee on Environment and Public Works.
S. 331 (Thune)/H.R. 570 (Rogers)
Moneys collected from violations of the corporate average fuel economy
(CAFÉ) program would be placed in an Energy Security Fund to provide grants that
support infrastructure needed to increase the availability of alternative fuels. Senate
bill introduced January 18, 2007; referred to Committee on Energy and Natural
Resources. House bill introduced January 18; referred to Committee on Energy and
Commerce.
S. 339 (Bayh)
DRIVE Act. The national security and stability of the United States economy
would be promoted by reducing oil dependence through the use of alternative fuels
and new technology. Title I would establish a national oil savings target and action
plan; Title II would set policies for improving the fuel efficiency of vehicles; and
Title III would set policies for renewable energy and alternative fuels. Introduced
January 18, 2007; referred to Committee on Finance.
S. 365 (Graham)/H.R. 632 (Lipinski)
H-Prize Act of 2007. DOE would be authorized to establish monetary prizes
for achievements in overcoming scientific and technical barriers associated with
hydrogen energy. Senate bill introduced January 23, 2007; referred to Committee on
Energy and Natural Resources. House bill introduced January 23, 2007; referred to
Committee on Science and Technology.
Congressional Hearings, Reports, and Documents
CRS Reports
CRS Report RL32860, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Legislation in the
109th Congress, by Fred Sissine.
CRS Report RL33588, Renewable Energy Policy: Tax Credit, Budget, and
Regulatory Issues, by Fred Sissine.

CRS-12
CRS Report RL33599, Energy Efficiency Policy: Budget, Electricity Conservation,
and Fuel Conservation Issues, by Fred Sissine.
CRS Report RL33294, DOE Budget Earmarks: A Selective Look at Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy R&D Programs, by Fred Sissine.
CRS Report RL33302, Energy Policy Act of 2005: Summary and Analysis of Enacted
Provisions, by Mark Holt and Carol Glover.